JP2505194B2 - Gas-liquid separator for freezing and cooling - Google Patents

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a gas-liquid separator for refrigeration / cooling such as an accumulator and a multi-effect separator.

[Conventional technology]

The accumulator used for the refrigeration or cooling cycle is arranged between the evaporator 10 and the compressor 8 as shown by symbol 7 in FIG. 5, and the gas-liquid mixed phase refrigerant sucked from the evaporator 10 is used as a liquid refrigerant and a vapor refrigerant. The liquid refrigerant is temporarily collected and only the vapor refrigerant is sucked into the suction port (not shown) of the compressor. Reference numeral 9 is a condenser, and 11 is an expansion mechanism. FIG. 7 shows a conventional example of such an accumulator. 1 is a refrigerant inlet pipe, 2 is a vapor outlet pipe, and 3 is a container.

Further, the multi-effect separator used in the refrigeration or cooling cycle is, as shown by symbol 12 in FIG. 6, a condenser 9 or a first expansion mechanism 13 provided at the outlet of a liquid receiver (not shown), and an evaporator. The first expansion mechanism 13 is arranged between the second expansion mechanism 14 provided at the inlet of the container 10 and sucks the gas-liquid mixed phase refrigerant, and then separates it into a liquid refrigerant and a vapor refrigerant. Is temporarily stored and then sent to the second expansion mechanism 14 so that the vapor refrigerant is sucked into the injection port (not shown) of the compressor 8. FIG. 8 shows a conventional example of such a multi-effect separator. 1 is a refrigerant inlet pipe, 2'is a vapor outlet pipe, 3 is a container, and 6 is a liquid outlet pipe.

[Problems to be solved by the invention]

By the way, generally, when the refrigerant circulation amount in the cooling cycle is large, the flow velocity of the gas-liquid mixed phase refrigerant flowing into the gas-liquid separator increases, and the liquid refrigerant stored in the gas-liquid separator is vigorously stirred. In the conventional gas-liquid separator, this causes foaming, the gas-liquid interface is greatly undulated, or the liquid refrigerant splashes in the gas phase space. There is a high risk that it will flow out to the compressor suction port (in case of accumulator) or the compressor injection port (in case of multi-effect separator). When the liquid refrigerant is sucked into the compressor in this manner, the liquid refrigerant enters a wet or liquid compression state, which causes abnormal noise from the compressor and damage to the valve of the compressor, and reduces the efficiency of the cooling cycle. This causes a problem that the cooling capacity is deteriorated due to. On the other hand, in order to solve this problem and prevent the liquid refrigerant from flowing out to the vapor outlet pipe, another problem occurs that the volume of the gas-liquid separator must be increased with the conventional technology. I will end up.

[Means for solving problems]

In the gas-liquid separator according to the present invention, the first, second and third gas-liquid separation plates are provided so that the gas-liquid mixed phase refrigerant flowing downward from the upper part of the gas-liquid separator collides with the gas-liquid separator. A space is provided along the flow direction, and the gas-liquid mixed-phase refrigerant is opened from the outer periphery thereof through the plate surface of the first gas-liquid separation plate through the plate surface of the second gas-liquid separation plate. Alternatively, it is arranged so as to flow stepwise from the opening to the outer periphery thereof through the plate surface of the third gas-liquid separation plate, and the opening end of the vapor outlet pipe is the first or third gas-liquid separation. It is provided just below the board.

[Action]

First, the flow velocity of the gas-liquid mixed phase refrigerant flowing downward from the upper part of the gas-liquid separator is provided step by step along the flow,
The second and third gas-liquid separation plates alleviate the formation and prevent forming and the like.

〔Example〕

 Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows an embodiment in which the present invention is applied to an accumulator. In this accumulator, the mechanism related to gas-liquid separation includes a disk-shaped first gas-liquid separation plate 4 and a ring-shaped second gas-liquid separation plate 5 arranged in the container 3. In the upper part of the first gas-liquid separation plate 4, that is, in the center of the upper part of the container, a refrigerant inlet pipe 1 that is orthogonal to the first gas-liquid separation plate 4 is provided. The refrigerant inlet pipe 1 is open at approximately the center of the upper surface of the container. A steam output pipe 2 is opened immediately below the first gas-liquid separation plate 4.

The number of the first gas-liquid separating plate 4 is lower than the opening end of the inlet pipe 1.
It is held on the inner surface of the upper part of the container 3 so as to keep a gap of several mm from the inner wall of the container at a position of mm to ten and a few mm and to be orthogonal to the open end of the inlet pipe 1. The second gas-liquid separation plate 5 is placed below the first gas-liquid separation plate 4, and is closely held by the inner wall of the container. The second gas-liquid separation plate 5 has a large opening at the center and has a ring shape. And this second
The opening diameter of the gas-liquid separating plate 5 is equal to or slightly smaller than the outer diameter of the first gas-liquid separating plate 4.

The steam outlet pipe 2 passes through the center of the bottom surface of the container 3 and
Above the gas-liquid separating plate 5 and directly below the first gas-liquid separating plate 4. Furthermore, the steam output pipe 2 has a small diameter hole communicating with the inner bottom space of the container 3 in consideration of the circulation of lubricating oil.
30 is formed so that a little of the liquid accumulated at the bottom of the container can be inhaled.

The accumulator shown in FIG. 1 can be used as the accumulator 7 in FIG. Referring to FIG. 1 and FIG. 5, when the compressor 8 is activated and the refrigeration circuit is activated,
The gas-liquid mixed phase refrigerant from the evaporator 10 is introduced into the accumulator 7 through the refrigerant inlet pipe 1. At this time, since the refrigerant inlet pipe 1 is opened so as to face the first gas-liquid separation plate 4, the inflowing gas-liquid mixed phase refrigerant flows into the first gas-liquid separation plate 4
It hits and its kinetic energy is relaxed. Next, the gas-liquid mixed phase refrigerant flows downward from the gap between the outer periphery of the first gas-liquid separation plate 4 and the inner wall of the container 3 and hits the second gas-liquid separation plate 5. When the inflow velocity of the gas-liquid mixed phase refrigerant is high, the gas-liquid separation is mainly performed by the second gas-liquid separation plate 5, and the liquid component becomes droplets and the central opening of the second gas-liquid separation plate 5 is formed. Further falling, the steam is guided to the compressor 8 from the opening end of the steam outlet pipe 2. On the other hand, when the inflow velocity of the gas-liquid mixed phase refrigerant is low, the gas-liquid separation is mainly performed by the first gas-liquid separation plate 4. As described above, the first and second gas-liquid separation plates
By using 4,5, since the kinetic energy of the gas-liquid mixed-phase refrigerant entering the liquid is reduced, it is possible to prevent the formation of foaming and the generation of droplets of the liquid refrigerant.

In the above description, the first and second gas-liquid separation plates are separate from each other, but the same effect can be expected with the gas-liquid separation plate 40 having an integrated structure as shown in FIG. 2, for example.
Thereby, the gas-liquid separation plate 40 can be easily attached to the container 3.

Further, in the above-described embodiment, the gas-liquid separation is performed using the two gas-liquid separation plates 4 and 5, but three or more gas-liquid separation plates are taken into consideration in consideration of the inflow speed of the gas-liquid mixed phase refrigerant. May be used. Third
An example is shown in the figure. In this embodiment, the gas-liquid mixed phase refrigerant that has flowed in through the refrigerant inlet pipe 1 first hits the upper portion of the container 3. The gas-liquid mixed-phase refrigerant then collides with the plate surface of the first gas-liquid separation plate 4, passes through the outer periphery thereof, and further passes through the second gas-liquid separation plate 5.
Colliding with the plate surface, through its central opening and
It collides with the plate surface of the gas-liquid separation plate 16. In this way, gas-liquid separation is performed, the vapor refrigerant flows out from the opening of the vapor outlet pipe 2, and the liquid refrigerant drops downward from the outer periphery of the third gas-liquid separation plate. In this embodiment, the gas-liquid separation efficiency is higher than that of the previous embodiment or higher.

It is preferable that the second gas-liquid separation plate 5 is made of a material having good wettability with respect to the refrigerant. According to this, it is possible to prevent the liquid refrigerant from splashing and splashing on the separation plate, so that the droplets of the liquid refrigerant are not sucked from the opening end of the vapor outlet pipe 2.

Further, as the second gas-liquid separation plate 5, two ring-shaped plate members having small-diameter holes or slit-shaped holes and a hygroscopic substance sandwiched therein may be used. According to this, it becomes possible to absorb the water in the refrigerant.

Further, it is also preferable to coat the surfaces of the two ring-shaped plate members with a material having good wettability of the refrigerant so as to prevent the liquid refrigerant from splashing.

Up to this point, an example in which the present invention is applied to an accumulator has been described, but it goes without saying that the present invention can be applied to a multi-effect separator as shown in FIG. In this case, the vapor outlet pipe 2 ′ communicating with the compressor injection port (not shown) has its open end above the second gas-liquid separation plate 5 and directly below the first gas-liquid separation plate 4. It is provided. The liquid outlet pipe 6 communicating with the second expansion mechanism has the open end provided in the lowermost space inside the container 3.

〔The invention's effect〕

As described above, in the gas-liquid separator according to the present invention, the first, second and third gas-liquid mixed phase refrigerants flowing downward from the upper part of the gas-liquid separator collide with each other. The gas-liquid separation plate is spaced along the flow direction, and the gas-liquid mixed-phase refrigerant passes through the plate surface of the first gas-liquid separation plate from its outer periphery to the plate of the second gas-liquid separation plate. It is arranged so as to flow stepwise from the opening through the body surface, or from the opening to the outer periphery through the plate body surface of the third gas-liquid separating plate, and the opening end of the vapor outlet pipe is the first or Since it is provided directly below the third gas-liquid separation plate, the flow velocity of the gas-liquid mixed phase refrigerant flowing into the gas-liquid separator is moderated by the gas-liquid separation plate, and it is possible to prevent the formation of foaming and the splash of liquid refrigerant. Moreover, gas-liquid separation can be promoted in a small space. Further, it is possible to prevent the liquid refrigerant accumulated below the container from forming and splashing, to prevent the liquid refrigerant from flowing into the compressor, and to solve various problems due to liquid compression and wet compression. . Further, even if the first to second or the first to third gas-liquid separation plates are integrated, the first, second and third gas-liquid separation can be easily performed at one time when the gas-liquid separator is assembled. The board can be assembled.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional view of an accumulator according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 shows a gas-liquid separating plate used in an accumulator according to another embodiment of the present invention, (a) is a plan view and (b) is a front view. FIG. 3 is a vertical sectional view of an accumulator according to still another embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a vertical sectional view of a multi-effect separator according to another embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing a general refrigeration cycle using an accumulator. FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing a general refrigeration cycle using a multi-effect separator. FIG. 7 is a vertical sectional view of a conventional accumulator. FIG. 8 is a vertical sectional view of a conventional multi-effect separator. In the figure, 1: refrigerant inlet pipe, 2: vapor outlet pipe, 3: container, 4: first gas-liquid separation plate, 5: second gas-liquid separation plate, 6: liquid outlet pipe, 7: accumulator, 8: Compressor, 9: Condenser, 10: Evaporator, 11: Expansion mechanism, 12:
Multi-effect separator, 13: first expansion mechanism, 14: second expansion mechanism, 15: lubricating oil return passage, 16: third gas-liquid separation plate.

Claims (8)

(57) [Claims] 1. An inlet part for introducing a gas-liquid mixed-phase refrigerant flowing from the outside into a closed container, and a steam outlet pipe having an open end in a container internal space for discharging steam in the closed container to the outside. , In a gas-liquid separator for refrigeration / cooling for separating a gas-liquid mixed phase refrigerant flowing into a closed container into a vapor and a liquid in the closed container, the gas-liquid flowing downward from the upper part of the gas-liquid separator in the previous period. First and second gas-liquid separating plates are provided so that the mixed-phase refrigerant collides with each other, and the first gas-liquid separating plate is provided between the gas-liquid mixed-phase refrigerant and the inner wall surface of the gas-liquid separator. Several mm
The second gas-liquid separation plate is disposed below the first gas-liquid separation plate and in close contact with the inner wall surface of the gas-liquid separator substantially parallel to the first gas-liquid separation plate. And arranged, and
In the center thereof, an opening having a diameter smaller than or equal to the diameter of the first gas-liquid separation plate is provided, and the opening end of the vapor outlet pipe is provided directly below the first gas-liquid separation plate. A gas-liquid separator for freezing and cooling. 2. A third gas-liquid separation plate is disposed below the second gas-liquid separation plate, and the first to third gas-liquid separation plates are the gas-liquid mixed phase refrigerant. A space is provided along the flow direction, and the gas-liquid mixed phase refrigerant passes through the plate body surface of the first gas-liquid separation plate from its outer periphery to the opening through the plate body surface of the second gas-liquid separation plate. As described above, the third gas-liquid separating plate is arranged so as to sequentially flow in a stepwise manner through the plate surface of the third gas-liquid separating plate, and the opening end of the vapor outlet pipe is connected to the first or third gas The gas-liquid separator for refrigeration / cooling according to claim (1), which is opened immediately below the liquid separation plate. 3. The first to second or the first to third gas-liquid separating plates have an integrated structure, and the first or second gas-liquid separating plate is integrated. A gas-liquid separator for either refrigeration or cooling. 4. At least one gas-liquid separation plate among the first to third gas-liquid separation plates is made of a material having a good wettability, according to claim (1) or (2). A gas-liquid separator for refrigeration / cooling according to any one of items. 5. The second gas-liquid separation plate includes a plurality of plate members having a large number of holes and a material having good wettability sandwiched between the plate members. The gas-liquid separator for refrigeration / cooling according to any one of claims (1) and (2). 6. The gas-liquid separator for refrigeration / cooling according to claim 5, wherein the holes of the plate member are round holes. 7. The gas-liquid separator for refrigeration / cooling according to claim 5, wherein the plate member has a slit-shaped hole. 8. The plate member according to claim 5, wherein the surface of the plate member is coated with a material having good wettability.
A gas-liquid separator for refrigeration / cooling according to the item.