JP2501651B2 - Vane type thrust direction induction nozzle - Google Patents

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates generally to the field of nozzles for ejecting fluid jets, and more particularly for selecting the magnitude and direction of the thrust vector of hot gas ejected through it. Control of improved vane nozzles and various methods of controlling the operation of such nozzles.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Converging / diffusing nozzles are used to expel ordinary fluids, usually gases, to produce fluid jets, which also produce thrust. For example, such fluid jets are used to control the attitude of airborne vehicles.

Such nozzles typically have a converging inlet portion, a narrow throat and a diffusing outlet portion. Each section is usually of a fixed size and proportion, and fluid flow is controlled by an upstream valve or small area orifice having a relatively activatable section. In some applications, foulants in hot gases, presumably molten aluminum, damage these active parts and / or orifices.

Thus, it should be relatively insensitive to foulants in the exhaust fluid, have no relative active parts and small orifices, be generally self-cleaning and have the ability to selectively alter the flow through the throat. It is generally desired to provide such an improved thrust nozzle.

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention is an adjustable nozzle having a throughflow passageway shaped to form a converging inlet portion, a narrowed throat portion and a diffusing outlet portion, A body having a surface forming a stationary wall of the portion, and a single vane member pivotally mounted to the body, the vane member facing into the passageway of the throat. A first surface forming a moveable wall, the first surface being eccentric with respect to a pivot axis of the vane member, the vane member having the first surface; Attached to the body, the vane member adapted to be rotated about its pivot axis into an angular position which engages a stationary wall of the throat to close the flow passage. Relative to the lever body,
An actuator operable to selectively change the angular position of the vane member, the actuator being selectively operable to controllably change the orifice area of the throat. , Adjustable nozzle.

I will provide a.

The present invention also provides a method of varying the orifice area of a nozzle, the flow passageway extending through the body to have a converging inlet portion, a narrowed throat portion and a diffusing outlet portion. In addition, the main body is provided with a surface that provides a stationary wall portion of the throat, and a single vane member is provided so as to have a first surface that is eccentrically located with respect to the pivot axis, and the vane member is provided. Is attached to the body to cause the vane member to pivot about the pivot axis such that the first surface forms a moveable wall of the throat, and the first surface Engage the stationary wall of the throat to close the passage such that the vane member selectively rotates about its pivot axis, relative to the body. Can control the angular position of the vane member Is of, includes various steps, thereby forming so as to selectively vary the orifice area of said throat section, to provide a method of changing the orifice area of the nozzle.

Accordingly, it is a general object of the present invention to provide an improved vane type nozzle having a selectively variable orifice area.

Another object is to provide an improved method of operating a vane type nozzle to selectively change the magnitude and / or direction of the thrust vector of the gas being passed and discharged.

Another object is to provide an improved nozzle that is self-cleaning and therefore can tolerate metal-contaminated propellants.

These and other objects and advantages will be apparent from the specification, drawings and claims set forth above and below.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a schematic partial vertical cross-sectional view of a first reference example of a vane type nozzle, in which two vane members are located at symmetrical respective angular positions and a throat portion. 2 is a drawing showing a state in which the orifice area is maximum and the thrust vector is made vertical. FIG. 2 is almost the same as FIG. 1, but the upper part of the vane member is from the position shown in FIG. FIG. 3 is a drawing showing a state in which the orifice area of the throat portion is reduced by moving the same arc distance toward each other in opposite angular directions, but the direction of the thrust vector is maintained, and FIG. FIG. 4 is a view similar to FIG. 2, but showing a state in which the upper portion of the vane member is further moved in the opposite angular direction to close the throat, and FIG. 4 is substantially the same as FIGS. 1 to 3; However, the upper part of the vane member is independent relative to the main body. FIG. 5 is a view showing a state in which the magnitude and direction of the thrust vector are changed by being rotated to an asymmetrical position, and FIG. 5 is an enlarged vertical view of the left vane member shown in FIGS. 1 to 4. Fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view, Fig. 6 is a schematic partial vertical cross-sectional view of a first embodiment of a vane type nozzle of the present invention, showing a single single unit at a position such that the thrust vector becomes vertical. FIG. 7 is a view showing a state in which the vane member is present, and FIG. 7 is a view similar to FIG. 6, but the upper portion of the vane member is rotated counterclockwise from the position shown in FIG. FIG. 8 is a drawing showing a state in which the direction and magnitude of the thrust vector of the discharged gas is changed, and FIG. 8 is a drawing roughly similar to FIGS. 6 and 7, but the upper part of the vane member is further It is a drawing showing a state in which the throat is closed by being rotated counterclockwise. FIG. 6 is an enlarged vertical cross-sectional view of the vane member shown in FIGS. 6-8, and FIG. 10 is a schematic partial vertical cross-section of a second reference example of an improved vane nozzle. FIG. 11 is a plan view showing a state in which the two vane members are relatively symmetrical with respect to the main body, and the magnitude of the thrust vector is maximized at this position. Similar to Figure 10, but with the top of the vane members rotated in opposite directions from each other from the position shown in Figure 10 so that the thrust vector direction is still vertical but reduced in size. FIG. 12 is a view similar to FIGS. 10 and 11 except that the upper portions of the vane members are further rotated toward each other to close the throat, The figure is similar to Figures 10 to 12, but the upper part of the vane member is the thrust vector. FIG. 14 is a drawing showing a state in which the vane member is moved to a position in which the direction and the size of the vane are changed, and FIG. 14 is a partially enlarged vertical sectional view of the left vane member shown in FIGS. 10 to 13. FIG. 15 is a schematic partial vertical sectional view of a second embodiment of the vane type nozzle of the present invention, showing a single vane member in a fully opened position. 16 is similar to FIG. 15 except that the vane member is moved to an intermediate partially opened position to change the magnitude and direction of the thrust vector, FIG. 17 is similar to FIGS. 15 and 16 but shows the vane member moved to the fully closed position.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION First of all, it should be clearly understood that like numerals are intended to consistently refer to the same element, part or surface throughout the several views. The reason for this is that these elements, parts or surfaces are explained in greater detail by the specification as a whole of which this detailed description is a part. Unless otherwise indicated, the drawings (eg, component placement, mounting, etc.) are read with the specification and are intended to be considered a part of the overall description of the invention. As used in the description below, the terms “horizontal”, “vertical”, “left”, “right”, “upper”.
(Up) and “down” and the adjective and adverbial terms of these terms (eg, “horizontally”, “to the right”, “upward”, etc.) are merely the persons to whom the drawing refers. 3 shows the orientation state of the structure shown in the drawing when facing each other. Unless otherwise indicated, the terms "inwardly" and "outwardly" refer to the orientation of planes relative to the direction of extension, axis or axis of rotation, as appropriate.

Turning now to the drawings, the present invention provides various forms of improved vane type convergent-diffusion jet nozzles and methods of operating them. In the following description and the accompanying drawings, the thrust vector of the gas discharged through the modified nozzle is along the axis y-y. A first reference example of the improved nozzle is shown in FIGS. 1 to 5, a first embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIGS. 6 to 9, and a second reference example is shown in FIG. A second embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIGS. 15-14 and shown in FIGS. These reference examples and examples have some elements in common, but all four forms are different in particular. Therefore, these four configurations are described sequentially below.

First Reference Example (FIGS. 1-5) Referring first to FIGS. 1-4, a first reference example of an improved adjustable nozzle is designated generally at 10. Nozzle 10 is shown broadly including a body 11 and a pair of laterally spaced left and right vane members 12, 13 respectively.

The body is shown provided with a vertical through passage 14 extending between a lower or inner side 15 and an upper or outer side 16. This passage is generally shaped as a convergent-diffusion nozzle and has a lower inlet section 18, an intermediate narrowed throat section 19 and an upper outlet section 20. More specifically, the passage extends along a vertical plane perpendicular to the plane of the drawing, one of which is between a pair of longitudinally spaced flat vertical end walls, indicated at 21. It is growing.
The other end wall is not shown, simply because these figures are shown through the longitudinal intermediate position of the nozzle assembly, but is substantially in mirror image of end wall 21.

When viewed in cross-section (FIGS. 1 to 4), the surface of the body forming the left wall extending in the longitudinal direction of this passage is a flat vertical surface 22, which faces sequentially to the right, downwards. A horizontal surface 23 facing the front and a sloping flat surface 2 facing downward and to the right 2
4, circular segment-shaped concave surface facing upward and to the right 2
5, a flat surface 26 that joins tangentially to the left edge of the sloped surface 25 facing upwards and to the right, and then to the right, which then extends upward and joins the upper surface 16. Vertical plane
It is shown to include 28. The surface of the body forming the right wall opposite to this passage is a mirror image symmetry of the left wall, and in order is a vertical surface 22 'facing left, a horizontal surface 23' facing downward, And a sloping flat surface 2 facing left
4 ', circular segment concave 2 facing upwards and to the left 2
5 ', a flat surface 26' tangentially merging tangentially to the right edge of the surface 25 'facing upwards and to the left, and a left subsequently extending upwardly therefrom to meet the upper surface 16. It includes a vertical surface 28 'facing toward it. The walls 24, 24 'thus delimit in the middle a horizontally extending inlet section 18. Wall
22,22 ', 23,23' face to form an inner chamber 29,
The internal chamber is adapted to be provided with or contain pressurized hot gas or the like so that the gas is selectively discharged upward through a nozzle-like passage towards the external environment. It has become. A pair of longitudinally extending U-shaped recesses are shown extending vertically from the respective concave surfaces 25, 25 'to receive and accommodate a pair of carbon seal strips 30, 30', respectively. The outer surfaces of these strips engage the adjacent surfaces of the vane members 12, 13 in a scraped seal.

The vane members 12 and 13 are structurally the same, although one is arranged in a mirror image relationship with the other. For this reason, only the left vane member will be specifically described. As best seen in FIG. 5, the vane member 12 is specially shaped and extends horizontally along an axis perpendicular to the plane of the drawing. When viewed in a cross-sectional view, this vane member is composed of a semicircular convex top surface 31 in the uppermost order, a parabolic segment-shaped concave surface 32 extending downward and rightward from the right edge of the top surface 31, and a surface. Circular segment-shaped convex surface that joins 32 tangentially
33, another circular segment-shaped convex surface 34 that joins tangentially to the left edge of the surface 33 and a flat surface facing left that joins the left edge of the top surface 31 and subsequently extends upward Vertical surface
It is shown to be bounded by 35.

In one particular form of this first reference example, face 33
Is created around point 36 and has a radius R _{1 of} 8.36 mm (0.329 in)
And occupy an arc distance of 168 ° 36 ′. Face 34 is point 3
Is created to 8 around, has a radius R ₂ of 12.67mm (0.499in), it occupies an arc distance of 60 ° 0 '. Point 36,38 is 2.15m
Horizontal distance of m (0.085in) (ie dimension A) and 3.73
They are separated by a vertical distance of mm (0.147 in) (ie dimension B). When the vane member is in the position shown in FIG. 5, the horizontal distance between the axis 38 and the vertical center plane between the nozzles, ie the plane indicated by the vertical dashed line 39 (ie dimension C) is 8.05 mm. (0.317 in) has a horizontal distance (ie dimension D) between face 33 and this center plane of 1.86.
mm (0.037 in). Thus, when both vane members are in the position shown in FIGS. 1 and 5 (ie, the faces 35, 35 'of the vane members are vertical), the lateral horizontal width of the throat is two dimensions D. Double, ie 3.71mm (0.14
6 in).

The vane member 12 is provided with a horizontal through hole 40 concentric with the axis line 38 and extending in the longitudinal direction so as to receive and accommodate the pivot pin 41 (FIGS. 1 to 4). Of course, the vane member 13 on the right side is structurally the same as the vane member on the left side, and is arranged in a mirror image relationship thereto. Vane material
Since 12 and 13 are structurally identical, a complete description of the right vane member is not necessary and has been omitted, but used to indicate various parts, parts or faces of the left vane member. It is understood that a dash to the same reference numeral used is used to indicate the corresponding part, portion or face of the right vane member. The two vane members are operatively attached to the body as shown in FIGS.
Seal strips 30 and 30 'are adapted to sealingly engage the opposing vane member surfaces 34 and 34', respectively, which face each other.

Left and right actuators 42 and 43 are attached to the body, and left and right vane members 12 and 13 respectively.
Is engaged with. Each actuator is shown to include a Bourdon cable, the outer cylindrical sheath 44 of which is rigidly attached to the body, with the distal end of the extendable and retractable rod-shaped cable portion 45 being of rotational axis. It is adapted to engage a vane member associated with a vertically spaced position around it. The actuators 42,43 also include suitable devices or mechanisms (not shown) for selectively moving the respective cables relative to the sheath to selectively position the associated vane members relative to the body. It is supposed to change. Alternatively, some other type of actuator (ie, fluid-powered piston-cylinder, motor, etc.) and associated linkage may be substituted for the one described above. The actuators 42, 43 can be actuated simultaneously in conjunction with each other or independently of each other, as desired.

FIG. 1 shows the vane member surfaces 35, 35 'arranged vertically as shown in FIG. As previously mentioned, when the vane member is in this position, the horizontal lateral width of the throat 19 formed between the opposing portions of the surfaces 33, 33 'is twice the dimension D, ie 3.71 mm ( 0.146in). Therefore, the hot gas in the interior chamber 29 can be discharged through the nozzle along the line that bisects the faces 33, 33 'as shown by the vertical thrust vector T.

FIG. 2 shows the actuators actuated in conjunction so that the vane members are moved from the position shown in FIG. 1 by an equal arc distance, but in opposite angular directions. More specifically, the left vane member 12 is rotated counterclockwise by an angle of about 15 ° from the position shown in FIG. 1, while the right vane member 13 is simultaneously rotated clockwise by an angle. Is shown. Such rotation of the vane members results in cam-like surfaces 33,3 created about axes eccentric to the axes of pins 41,41 ', respectively.
Move the other facing parts of 3'close to each other. This has the effect of reducing the lateral width of the elongated narrow rectangular throat while at the same time pivotally expanding the lateral width of the outlet portion. However, since both vane members are moved an equal arc distance from the position shown in FIG. 1, the thrust vector T is still vertical, but reduced in size due to the reduced throat orifice area. There is a reduction.

FIG. 3 shows that the vane members are simultaneously moved further in the opposite direction by an equal arc distance and are eccentrically mounted on surfaces 33,3.
Further portions of 3'are engaged in line contact with each other to close the throat and thereby prevent hot gas from flowing through and being expelled. In this condition, the vane member surfaces 35, 35 'are arranged to engage, or at least closely face, the body surfaces 26, 26'.

FIG. 4 shows that the vane members are independently moved to different asymmetrical positions with respect to the main body by different arc distances, and the thrust vector T that bisects the surfaces 35 and 35 'is directed upward and to the right. Be oriented.

Thus, the vane members can be moved together or independently of each other to selectively change the magnitude and direction of the thrust vector of the hot gas exiting through the passages.

First Embodiment (FIGS. 6-9) Referring now to FIGS. 6-9, a first embodiment of an improved convergent-diffusion nozzle, generally designated 50, is a body 51.
And is shown to include a single vane member 52.

The body 51 is again lower, i.e. inner 54 and upper,
That is, there is shown a vertical through passage 53 extending between the outer sides 55. This passage is again shaped as a convergent-diffusion nozzle, and the lower inlet section 5
6, including an intermediate narrowed throat 58 and upper outlet portion 59. As in the first reference example, the passage 53 extends along a vertical plane perpendicular to the plane of the drawing,
One end wall extends between a pair of longitudinally spaced end walls, indicated at 60.

However, unlike the first reference example, which has two moveable vane members, this first embodiment has only one. Correspondingly, the facing sides of this passage are shaped differently. The left wall is similar to that of the first embodiment, with a flat vertical surface 61 facing rightward, a flat horizontal surface 62 facing downward, and the inlet portion.
Right and downward facing inclined flat surfaces 63 forming part of 56, right and upper facing circular segment-shaped concave surfaces 64, upper and tangential merging points to the left edge of surface 64. Shown and shown in cross-section as including a right-facing flat beveled surface 65 and a right-facing flat vertical surface 66 which subsequently extends upwardly and joins the outer surface 55. The walls to the right of this passage are different from those shown in FIGS. 1 to 5, in particular a flat vertical surface 68 facing to the left, a flat horizontal surface 69 facing downwards, to the left. Wall 63
A sloping flat surface 70 facing downward and leftward that forms an inlet part in the middle, and a convex facing leftward that joins the surface 70 tangentially to form the right wall of the throat. It includes a circular arc-shaped surface 71 and a tangential merging surface tangentially to the surface 71, and extends upwardly from the surface 71 to form an upwardly facing parabolic segment-shaped surface 72 that joins the upper surface 55. A U-shaped recess extending in the longitudinal direction extends perpendicularly to the surface 64 to receive and house the carbon seal strip 73, which strip rubs the opposing surface of the vane member 52 in a sealed manner. Are engaged.

In this first embodiment, the vane member 52 is specially shaped and extends horizontally. When viewed in cross-section (FIG. 9), this vane member in turn has a semicircular convex top surface 74 in the uppermost position, a concave surface of a parabolic segment extending downward and rightward from the right edge of surface 74. 75, created around point 78, around circular segment-shaped first surface 76 of radius R ₁ that occupies an arc distance of about 60 °, vertical surface 79 facing right, around point 81 , Around a point 83, a second circular segmented surface 80 of radius R ₂ occupying an arc distance of about 80 °, about 80 °
A third circular segment-shaped convex surface 82 of radius R ₃ occupying the arc distance of and a leftward-facing flat surface which subsequently extends upwardly and joins the left edge of the convex top surface 74. Vertical plane
Bounded by 84. The various adjacent surfaces just described are shown in a generally smooth continuous transition state. point
A horizontal hole 85, which is concentric with 83 and extends in the longitudinal direction, is provided through the vane member so as to receive and accommodate a pin 86 (FIGS. 6 to 8). Is pivotally mounted on the body. A Bourdon cable actuator 88, which is similar to the left actuator 42 in the first reference example, is operatively arranged to selectively move the vane member relative to the body to a desired angular position.

Therefore, this first embodiment has only one vane member. To accommodate this configuration, the right wall of the passageway is complementarily shaped to approximate the shape of the facing surface of the vane member and the left wall when the surface 84 of the vane member is vertical. Has been done. In FIG. 6, the vane member
52 is shown in an angular position where the vane member surface 84 is vertical, as also shown in FIG. In this position, hot gas can be ejected vertically upwards through the passage as indicated by the thrust vector T. In contrast, if the vane member is moved counterclockwise from the position shown in FIG. 6 to the intermediate position shown in FIG. 7, the magnitude and direction of thrust vector T changes. More specifically, in FIG. 7, the magnitude of the thrust vector is shown in FIG. 6 because the vane member surfaces 76, 79 are moved closer to the opposite fixed surfaces of the right wall of the passage. It is shown reduced from the magnitude of the thrust vector shown. In addition, this state, or reduced magnitude thrust vector, is shown to be directed upwards and to the left. FIG. 8 shows that the vane member is further rotated counterclockwise from the position shown in FIG. 7 so that the vane member is substantially disposed between the surfaces 79 and 80, and the adjacent portion of the vane member is substantially in line contact. Are shown to engage the laterally opposite right walls of the passage. This indicates that the nozzle is closed.

Therefore, this first embodiment is different from the first reference example only.
The difference is that only one vane member is provided. The omission of the right vane member is accommodated by shaping the right wall of the passage to generally complement the left wall and the facing surface of the vane member. However, as in the first reference example, this first embodiment can be operated to selectively change the magnitude and / or direction of the thrust vector ejected through the passage.

Second Reference Example (FIGS. 10-14) A second reference example of an improved nozzle, generally designated 90, is shown in FIGS. 10-14.

In this configuration, the actuator 90 comprises a body 91 provided with a wide vertical through passage 92 and a pair of horizontally extending laterally spaced left and right sides operatively disposed within the passage, respectively. Of vane members 93, 94 are shown. As in the references and embodiments described above, the passageway 92 extends between the lower or inner 95 and upper or outer 96 of the body. This passage extends along a vertical plane perpendicular to the plane of the drawing, with one wall at 98
Extending between a pair of longitudinally spaced flat vertical walls, designated by, is laterally bounded by longitudinally extending left and right side walls. The left side wall is in the order of a right-facing flat vertical surface 99, a lower-facing horizontal flat surface 100, a lower and right-facing sloping flat surface 101, and an upper-facing flat horizontal surface 102. , Shown to be bounded by a concave circular segment-like quasi-circular surface 103 facing upwards and to the right, and a right-facing flat vertical surface 104 that subsequently extends upwardly and joins the upper surface 96. Has been done. The right side wall is shaped like a mirror image of the left side wall. Because of this, a detailed description of this has been omitted, but the dashes used to indicate the left sidewall described above are used to indicate the corresponding face of the right sidewall. Is understood. Each longitudinally extending groove having a generally U-shaped cross section is concave
Vertically extending from 103, 103 'into the body for receiving and containing elongated carbon seal strips 105, 105', respectively, which are scraped in a sealed condition with the facing surfaces of the vane members to which they are assembled. It engages as if to do. As best shown in FIG. 14, the left vane member 93 is specially shaped and extends horizontally along an axis extending outwardly from the plane of the drawing. Cross-sectional view (Fig. 14)
When viewed in, the vane member is in the order of the uppermost semi-circular convex top surface 106, downwardly extending from the right edge of the top surface 106, and having a concave parabolic segment shape facing upward and to the right. Surface 108, a first convex circular segment of radius R ₁ created around the point 110, a second convex circular segment 109 of radius R ₂ created around the point 112 Bounded by a face 111 and a left-facing flat vertical face 113 extending upwardly therefrom and meeting the left edge of the top face 106. The various adjacent faces of the vane member are shown to be in a generally smooth, continuous transition state. The vane member further includes a pivot pin 114 (FIGS. 10-13) concentric with point 112 and on which the vane member is rotatably mounted.
It is shown provided with a longitudinally extending horizontal through hole 114 adapted to receive and accommodate (FIG.). The right vane member 94 is shaped to mirror the left vane member. Since these two vane members are structurally the same, detailed description of the right vane member is omitted.

One of the third vane members has a special configuration with a radius R ₁ of 12.40mm (0.488in), occupying an arc distance of 107 ° 17 ', and a radius R ₂ of 6.35mm (0.250in). , 1
It occupies an arc distance of 20 ° 0 '. Points 110 and 112 are 3.02 mm
Horizontal distance of (0.119in) (that is, dimension A in Fig. 14)
And are separated by a vertical distance of 5.23 mm (0.206 in) (ie dimension B). 14th vane member
Position shown (ie face 113 is vertical)
, The horizontal distance between the point 112 and the centerline 116 between the vane members (ie dimension C) is 11.23 mm (0.442 in) and the horizontal distance between the face 109 and the centerline 116 (ie dimension D). ) Is 1.85 mm (0.073 in). Thus, when both vane members are in this upright position, the lateral width of the throat is 3.71 mm (0.146 in). Left and right Bourdon cables 118 and 119, similar to those previously described, are inserted into the body and operatively engage the vane members 93 and 94, respectively. As before, these actuators are arranged to selectively move the associated vane members to a desired angular position relative to the body.

In FIG. 10, the vane member surfaces 113, 113 'are shown as being substantially vertical, with the largest throat orifice area and the direction of the thrust vector (ie, T) being substantially vertical. FIG. 11 shows that the vane members have been rotated relative to each other (ie in opposite angular directions) by an equal arc distance of about 20 ° to reduce the throat orifice area from that shown in FIG. It shows the state of being performed. Therefore,
At this position, the magnitude of the thrust vector is reduced, but its direction is still substantially vertical. FIG. 12 shows that the vane members are rotated toward each other in opposite angular directions until opposing portions of the faces 109, 109 'of the vane members engage in substantially line contact with each other, thereby closing the throat. , Shows the state where the magnitude of the thrust vector is reduced to zero. FIG. 13 shows a state in which the vane members are moved to respective asymmetrical positions relative to the main body, and thrust vectors are directed upward and rightward at these positions.

Therefore, as in the first reference example, the positions of the two vane members can be changed simultaneously or not simultaneously to change the direction and magnitude of the thrust vector. This reference example has the additional advantage that the ratio of the cross-sectional areas of the throat and the outlet portion is kept substantially the same at various angular positions of the vane member.

Second Embodiment (FIGS. 15-17) A fourth version of the improved nozzle apparatus, generally indicated at 120, includes a body 121 and a single vane member 122. Through Figure 17.

Again, the body 121 is shown provided with a vertical through passage 123 extending between a lower or inner side 124 and an upper or outer side 125. This passage extends along a vertical plane extending outwardly from the plane of the drawing, with one end wall bounded by longitudinally spaced lateral vertical end walls indicated at 126. . The other end wall is first because these drawings are shown through the middle portion of the structure.
Not shown in Figures 15-17. This passage is shaped as an elongated convergent-diffusion nozzle, and the lower inlet section 12
8. Includes an intermediate narrowed throat 129 and upper outlet section 130.

In this configuration, the left and right sidewalls of the body passageway are symmetrical. The left sidewall is a vertical surface facing the right
131, downward facing horizontal plane 132, downward and rightward facing inclined flat surface 133, upward facing horizontal plane 134 and surface
Shown to include an arcuate semi-circular concave surface 135 tangentially merging with 134 and a right-facing vertical surface 136 tangentially merging with surface 135 and extending upwardly therefrom and merging with upper surface 125. Has been done.

The vane member 122 is operatively mounted within the L-shaped recess formed in the left wall by surfaces 134, 135 and 136. If desired, the vane member 122 may be the vane member 93 previously described.
Can be substantially the same as. Because of this, a detailed description of the vane member 122 is omitted, but it is understood that the same reference numerals indicate the same structures, elements or surfaces as previously described. Elongate recess having U-shaped cross section has arcuate surface
135 extends vertically into the body into the body to receive and receive an elongated carbon seal strip 138 or the like, which engages the outer surface of the vane member in a sealed and rubbing manner. .

The right side wall of the passage is a vertical plane 139 facing rightward in order, a horizontal plane 140 facing downward, a sloping flat surface facing downward and leftward facing the left wall surface 133. 14
1 and arcuate convex surface 142 proximate to the throat and shown to be bounded by upward and leftward facing parabolic segmented surfaces 143 that continue to extend upward and rightward to join upper surface 125. Has been done. The faces 141-143 are in a generally smooth, continuous transition state with respect to each other. Thus, the right wall is shaped to approximate the facing surface of the left wall and vane member when the vane member is in the vertical position as shown in FIG. In other words, the lower part of the surface 141 is roughly symmetrical with the wall surface 133 on the left side, the rounded convex portion 142 is roughly symmetrical with the surface facing the vane member, and the surface 143 is roughly with the surface 108 of the vane member. It is symmetrical.

A Bourdon cable type actuator 144 has entered the body and is engaged with the vane member. Thus, the actuator can be selectively actuated to controllably change the angular position of the vane member as previously described. When the vane member is vertical as shown in FIG. 15, the thrust area T is maximum because the orifice area of the throat is maximum and the shape of the facing surfaces forming the passage is substantially symmetrical. Becomes substantially vertical. First
FIG. 16 shows the vane member rotated clockwise from the position shown in FIG. 15 by an arc distance of about 18 °.
The effect of this is to move the surface 109 of the vane member towards the right rounded surface 142, thereby reducing the orifice area of the throat. At the same time, the facing surfaces are generally symmetrical about the axis y-y extending upwards and to the right. Therefore, the thrust vector is directed upwards and to the right, but is reduced in magnitude compared to that shown in FIG. FIG. 17 shows that the vane member is moved further clockwise, and the surface 109 of the vane member collides with the right surface 142 so that the vane member is substantially in line contact, and the throat is closed to reduce the magnitude of the thrust vector to zero. It is shown in a rotated state until reduced.

Thus, in this configuration, the improved vane member can be actuated to change the direction and magnitude of the thrust vector.

Modifications The present invention contemplates many variations and modifications that can be made.

For example, the material of the structural part is not considered to be critical and can be selected from many suitable for the intended purpose. The end walls do not necessarily have to be vertical and can be sloped or arcuate if desired. In either case, the vane members can be moved to different positions to change the magnitude and direction of the thrust vector ejected through the passage. In some applications, it may be desirable to provide a recess in the body from the passageway for receiving and containing the vane member when moved to the proper rest position. If one vane member is used, the orientation of the throat can be varied within one quadrant. If two vane members are used, the direction of the thrust vector can be changed in either one or both of the two quadrants.

The size, shape and placement of the vane members can also be changed and modified as desired, as appropriate or independent of the shape of the opposing walls of the passage. For example, the face of the vane member forming the outlet portion need not necessarily be a parabolic segment. In some cases, this surface may be flattened, or have some other shape or arrangement. Although not constant, it is now desirable to have the two facing surfaces of the throat selectively engage each other in line contact. Further, the vane member can be actuated to change the cross-sectional area of the throat without changing the shape and placement of the outlet portion. In other cases, the vane members may be joined to the body by flexible web portions to allow the desired angular movement of the associated vane members. Similarly, the nature and type of seal strip or member can be modified and varied as desired.

Accordingly, the present invention provides various forms of improved vane type nozzles, such nozzles being particularly suitable for varying the thrust vector of the gas being passed therethrough and being discharged. It allows fuels and propellants that have a self-cleaning transition or have foulants, without relatively sliding surfaces that are directly exposed to. The double vane member reference example is somewhat similar to the "flipper" of a pinball machine. Further, each vane member can be partially pressure balanced. Therefore,
The present invention provides an improved convergent-diffusion nozzle in which only one vane member is operatively attached to a body in a flow passage therethrough. It is possible to change the direction and the magnitude of the thrust vector of the fluid which is selectively moved relatively to and discharged. At the same time, this improved nozzle eliminates the need for an upstream valve to control the gas flow to the nozzle. On the contrary, the action of a suitable flow control valve is directly applied to the throat.

Accordingly, although some preferred forms of improved vane type nozzles have been shown and described, and some modifications and alterations discussed, those skilled in the art will appreciate that various additional changes and modifications are limited to the claims. It is obvious that this can be done without departing from the spirit of the invention which has been distinguished.

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── --Continued from the front page (56) Reference JP-A-63-97875 (JP, A) Actually developed Shou 62-76286 (JP, U) US Patent 2799989 (US, A) US Patent 2366264 (US, A) US Patent 3304865 (US, A) US Patent 4763840 (US, A) US Patent 4821979 (US, A) US Patent 3302890 (US, A) UK Patent 874,427 (GB, A)

Claims (12)

(57) [Claims] 1. An adjustable nozzle having a through flow passage shaped and formed to form a converging inlet portion, a narrowed throat portion and a diffusing outlet portion. A body having a surface forming a stationary wall, and a single vane member pivotally mounted to the body, the vane member facing the interior of the passage to allow movement of the throat. A first surface forming a wall of the vane member, the first surface being eccentric with respect to the pivot axis of the vane member, the vane member having the first surface The vane member adapted to be rotated about its pivot axis into an angular position which engages a stationary wall of the throat to close the flow passage, and which is attached to the body. The angular position of the vane member is selectively changed relative to the main body. It includes a ready of the actuator, a so, whereby said actuator is selectively operable to vary controllably the orifice area of said throat portion, an adjustable nozzle. 2. An adjustable nozzle according to claim 1 wherein said vane member has a second surface forming a moveable wall of said outlet portion. 3. The first surface of the vane member is the second surface.
Adjustable nozzle according to claim 2 adapted to meet tangentially to the surface of the. 4. An adjustable nozzle according to claim 2 wherein said second surface is substantially parabolic when viewed in cross section. 5. An adjustable nozzle as claimed in claim 1 in which the vane member is partially balanced against the fluid pressure in the inlet section. 6. The adjustment of claim 1 wherein said moveable wall is arranged to selectively engage line of line contact with said stationary wall to close said throat. Possible nozzles. 7. An adjustable nozzle according to claim 1 wherein said first surface is shaped as a circular segment when viewed in cross section. 8. An adjustable nozzle according to claim 7 wherein said first surface occupies an arc distance of about 180 °. 9. An adjustable nozzle according to claim 7 wherein said first surface is cylindrical. 10. A method of varying the orifice area of a nozzle, wherein a flow passage is formed through the body so as to have a converging inlet portion, a narrowed throat portion and a diffusing outlet portion. In addition, a single vane member is provided so that the main body has a surface that provides a stationary wall portion of the throat, and the vane member has a first surface that is eccentrically located with respect to the pivot axis. Attached to the body for pivoting the vane member about the pivot axis such that the first surface forms a moveable wall of the throat, and the first surface is The vane member is adapted to selectively rotate about its pivot axis at an angular position that engages the stationary wall of the throat and closes the passage, and relative to the body. Controllable change of angular position of vane member A method of changing the orifice area of the nozzle, which comprises various steps, thereby selectively changing the orifice area of the throat. 11. The method of varying the orifice area of a nozzle of claim 10 further comprising the additional step of controllably varying the thrust vector of the fluid flowing through the passage. 12. Varying the orifice area of the nozzle of claim 10 further comprising the additional step of selectively varying the centerline of the nozzle as a function of the angular position of the vane member. Method.