JP2024514235A - Energy harvesting devices, systems and manufacturing methods - Google Patents

Abstract

An energy harvesting device is disclosed. The energy harvesting device comprises a duct having an inlet opening and an outlet opening. The energy harvesting device further comprises one or more foils disposed within the duct, with a leading edge of the one or more foils disposed toward the inlet opening. The energy harvesting device also comprises a generator for converting the motion of the one or more foils into electricity. The generator comprises one or more vibrating members and an energy conversion means. The one or more vibrating members are configured to exhibit both an oscillating motion and the one or more foils are configured to exhibit a rotational motion. The foils may be airfoils or hydrofoils. The energy harvesting device provides an alternative device for generating renewable energy with many advantages. The device harvests vibrational energy and can be optimized to operate over a wide range of fluid flow parameters, minimizing adverse environmental impacts and making it suitable for many locations and applications. [Selected Figure] Fig. 17

Description

The present invention relates to an energy harvesting device, system, and manufacturing method. In particular, energy harvesting devices are suitable for harvesting energy from fluid flows, such as wind, to produce renewable energy.

Conventional horizontal axis wind turbines known in the art typically include three blades. Wind turbines convert the kinetic energy of the wind into mechanical motion according to the principle of aerodynamic lift. During operation, the blades rotate and drive a generator, which converts mechanical motion into electricity.

Although wind turbines are widely used in the energy industry to provide a source of renewable energy, they have a number of drawbacks. Wind turbines operate only within a narrow range of wind speeds. For example, wind turbines risk damage if the wind speed is too high. Conversely, if the wind speed is too low, there may not be enough lift to rotate the blades.

Commercial wind farms include large wind turbines, usually over 100m in height. Although large wind turbines are more efficient than smaller micro wind turbines, they generally dominate the surrounding landscape and have a negative aesthetic impact on the environment. Wind turbines further have a negative impact on the environment as they can affect surrounding wildlife. For example, wind turbine blades can kill birds.

Furthermore, such large wind turbines tend to generate significant turbulence behind the blades, making them unsuitable for installation in urban landscapes, along highways, and especially near airports.

It is an object of one aspect of the present invention to provide an energy harvesting device that avoids or at least alleviates one or more of the aforementioned disadvantages of energy harvesting devices known in the art.

According to the first aspect of the invention,
a duct having an inlet opening and an outlet opening;
one or more foils disposed within the duct, the one or more foils having their leading edges facing the inlet opening;
and a generator used to convert the motion of one or more foils into electricity.

Preferably, the inlet opening is located on a first surface of the energy harvesting device and the outlet opening is located on a second surface of the energy harvesting device.

Preferably, the second surface is substantially opposite the first surface. Alternatively, the second surface is substantially tangential to the first surface.

Alternatively, the inlet opening is located in a first region of the first surface and the outlet opening is located in a second region of the first surface.

Most preferably, the one or more foils include a change in thickness across the span of the foil or foils. The one or more foils can include both positive and negative camber cross sections. The foil or foils generate oppositely interacting lift and drag forces, thereby causing vibrations, more specifically flutter vibrations.

Preferably, the one or more foils include a thickness variation in the chord direction of the one or more foils.

Optionally, the one or more foils include one or more weights. The one or more weights are uniformly or non-uniformly distributed within the internal structure of the one or more foils.

Preferably, the energy harvesting device further comprises a generator housing. The generator housing may include a cone-shaped portion protruding from the first surface.

Optionally, the conical portion includes one or more fins. The fins may include discontinuous apexes. The fins induce turbulence.

Optionally, the energy harvesting device further comprises one or more flaps. One or more flaps are arranged at the inlet opening of the duct and/or at the trailing edge of the foil. The flaps direct turbulent fluid flow.

Optionally, the energy harvesting device further comprises a mesh spanning the inlet opening and/or the outlet opening. The mesh directs turbulent fluid flow and/or acts as a barrier to protect the foil, for example.

Optionally, the energy harvesting device further includes a flow restrictor. A flow restrictor is placed within the duct. Flow restrictors narrow or widen the duct. Flow restrictors induce turbulent fluid flow.

Most preferably, the generator comprises one or more vibration devices and one or more energy conversion means.

Preferably, the one or more vibration devices comprise one or more vibration lenses. Each of the one or more vibration lenses includes at least two focusing members, each of the at least two focusing members having a first end for attachment to the foil and a second end, and the at least two focusing members are arranged such that the spacing between the focusing members decreases from the first end to the second end.

Optionally, each of the one or more oscillating lenses may include multiple focusing members and two or more foils may be attached to each of the one or more oscillating lenses.

Preferably, the first ends of the at least two focusing members are attached to the internal structure of the foil. Alternatively, the first ends of the at least two focusing members are attached to a surface of the foil, more particularly to a first side of the foil.

Preferably, the at least two focusing members merge towards the second end of the vibrating lens. The at least two focusing members can merge before or after passing through the generator housing.

Preferably, the at least two focusing members pass through the generator housing by means of bearings.

Most preferably the energy conversion means is arranged at the second end of the vibrating lens.

Preferably, the energy conversion means are magnets and coils.

Optionally, the energy conversion means further comprises a rotor and a resilient coil connector.

Alternatively, the energy conversion means is a piezoelectric crystal.

Most preferably, the energy harvesting device further comprises two or more ducts, each of the two or more ducts having an inlet opening and an outlet opening. Preferably, each of the two or more ducts includes one or more foils disposed therein, with a leading edge of the one or more foils facing the inlet opening. Optionally, the energy harvesting device includes up to 18 ducts.

Preferably, two or more ducts are arranged around the generator housing.

Optionally, the two or more ducts form one or more branches for the generator housing.

Optionally, the energy harvesting device further comprises a lens. The lens is suitable for focusing solar radiation and directing convective air flows.

Optionally, the energy harvesting device further comprises a layer of sound insulation material.

Alternatively, the one or more vibrating devices include one or more vibrating members. Each vibrating member comprises a first end for attachment to the foil and a second end at which the energy conversion means are arranged.

Preferably, the oscillating member is configured to oscillate about a bearing located between the first end and the second end of the oscillating member. Preferably, the oscillating member can oscillate 1° to 89° on either side of a central oscillating position. Preferably, the oscillating member can oscillate 1° to 30° on either side of a central oscillating position. Most preferably, the oscillating member can oscillate 1° to 15° on either side of a central oscillating position.

Preferably, during operation, the flow of fluid around the foil generates a lift force, thereby causing a rocking movement of the vibrating member.

Preferably, the first rocking stop and the second rocking stop limit the rocking movement of the vibrating member.

Preferably, each foil is configured to rotate about the axis of the vibrating member. The foil can be rotated from 1° to 89° on either side of the central rotation position. Most preferably, the foil member is capable of rotation from 1° to 35° on either side of the central rotational position.

Preferably, during operation, the weight and/or inertia of the foil generates a rotational force that causes rotational movement of the foil. The rotational movement changes, and more specifically reverses, the angle of attack of the foil.

Preferably, the first rotation stop and the second rotation stop limit rotational movement of the foil.

Optionally, the bearing comprises a pitch control mechanism configured to rotate the vibrating member and the foil attached to the vibrating member about an axis of the vibrating member. The pitch control mechanism includes a servo motor and a drive train that connects the servo motor to the vibrating member.

Preferably, the energy conversion means located at the second end of the vibrating member exhibits only an oscillating movement and not a rotational movement. The rotational motion is separated into a vibrating member and foil combination.

Preferably, the rocking motion drives the energy conversion means and the rotational motion assists the rocking motion.

Preferably, the energy conversion means includes a rack located at the second end of the vibrating member. The rack is oriented and positioned to mesh with the pinion. The pinion is connected to the generator indirectly or directly by a shaft. During operation, the rocking motion displaces the rack, which causes the pinion to rotate and drive the generator.

Optionally, the energy conversion means comprises a clutch mechanism configured to convert the oscillating rotational motion into unidirectional rotational motion.

Preferably, the energy harvesting device is a wind energy harvesting device. The flow of fluid is wind. The one or more foils include one or more aerofoils.

Additionally or alternatively, the energy harvesting device is a water flow energy harvesting device. The fluid flow is a water flow. The one or more foils include one or more hydrofoils.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided an energy harvesting system including two or more energy harvesting devices according to the first aspect of the present invention.

Preferably, two or more energy harvesting devices are stacked side by side and/or on top of each other.

Embodiments of the second aspect of the invention may include features for implementing preferred or optional features of the first aspect of the invention, and vice versa.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for manufacturing an energy harvesting device, comprising:
providing a duct having an inlet opening and an outlet opening;
providing one or more foils within the duct, the leading edge of the one or more foils being positioned toward the inlet opening;
providing a generator that converts motion of one or more foils into electricity.

Most preferably, the method of manufacturing a wind energy harvesting device further comprises characterizing the air flow.

Preferably, characterizing the fluid flow includes determining the average velocity of the fluid flow, the velocity distribution of the fluid flow, turbulence, the shear profile of the fluid flow, the directional distribution of the fluid flow, and the temporal distribution of the fluid flow over long periods of time. characterizing fluid flow fluctuations.

Most preferably, the method of manufacturing an energy harvesting device further includes determining optimal parameters of the fluid energy harvesting device for use with the fluid flow.

Preferably, determining the optimal parameters of the energy harvesting device includes determining the dimensions of the fluid energy harvesting device, the dimensions and shape of the duct, the shape and construction of the foil, the dimensions, shape, material composition, orientation and placement of the vibration device, the relative positions of two or more foils within the duct, the placement and configuration of fins, flaps, meshes and flow restrictors, and the placement and configuration of the generator.

Embodiments of the third aspect of the invention may include features for implementing preferred features or any features of the first and/or second aspect of the invention, and vice versa. .

According to a fourth aspect of the invention there is provided a foil comprising a thickness variation in the chordwise and/or spanwise direction.

Preferably, the foil includes both a positive camber cross section and a negative camber cross section.

The foil generates lift and drag forces that interact in opposite directions, thereby causing vibrations, more specifically flutter vibrations.

Embodiments of the fourth aspect of the invention may include features for implementing preferred features or any features of the first, second and/or third aspect of the invention, and vice versa. The same is true.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided an energy harvesting device, comprising:
a duct having an inlet opening and an outlet opening;
one or more foils disposed within the duct, the one or more foils having their leading edges facing the inlet opening;
a generator including one or more vibrating lenses and energy conversion means and used to convert the motion of the one or more foils into electricity;
An energy harvesting device is provided, characterized in that one or more vibrating lenses focus vibrations from the movement of one or more foils onto an energy conversion means.

Embodiments of the fifth aspect of the invention may include features for carrying out the preferred features or any features of the first, second, third and/or fourth aspects of the invention; The reverse is also true.

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for manufacturing an energy harvesting device, comprising:
providing a duct having an inlet opening and an outlet opening;
providing one or more foils within the duct, the leading edge of the one or more foils being positioned toward the inlet opening;
providing a generator including one or more vibrating lenses and energy conversion means, the generator being used to convert motion of the one or more foils into electricity;
A method of manufacturing an energy harvesting device is provided, characterized in that one or more vibrating lenses focus vibrations from the movement of one or more foils onto an energy conversion means.

Embodiments of the sixth aspect of the invention may include features for implementing preferred or optional features of the first, second, third, fourth and/or fifth aspects of the invention, and vice versa.

According to a seventh aspect of the invention, there is provided an energy harvesting device, comprising:
a duct having an inlet opening and an outlet opening;
one or more foils disposed within the duct, the one or more foils having their leading edges facing the inlet opening;
a generator comprising one or more vibrating members and energy conversion means and used to convert the motion of the one or more foils into electricity;
characterized in that the one or more vibrating members are configured to exhibit a rocking motion that drives the energy conversion means, and the one or more foils are configured to exhibit a rotational motion that assists the rocking motion. An energy harvesting device is provided.

Embodiments of the seventh aspect of the invention include features for carrying out preferred features or any features of the first, second, third, fourth, fifth and/or sixth aspects of the invention. and vice versa.

According to an eighth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for manufacturing an energy harvesting device, comprising:
providing a duct having an inlet opening and an outlet opening;
providing one or more foils within the duct, the leading edge of the one or more foils being positioned toward the inlet opening;
providing a generator including one or more vibrating members and energy conversion means, the generator being used to convert motion of the one or more foils into electricity;
characterized in that the one or more vibrating members are configured to exhibit a rocking motion that drives the energy conversion means, and the one or more foils are configured to exhibit a rotational motion that assists the rocking motion. A method of manufacturing an energy harvesting device is provided.

Embodiments of the eighth aspect of the invention are for carrying out preferred features or any features of the first, second, third, fourth, fifth, sixth and/or seventh aspects of the invention. and vice versa.

Various embodiments of the invention will now be described, by way of example only, with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 shows a perspective view of an energy harvesting device according to an embodiment of the invention. FIG. 2 shows a front view of the energy harvesting device of FIG. 1. FIG. 3 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of the energy harvesting device of FIG. 1. FIG. 4 shows a perspective view of a duct of an alternative embodiment of the energy harvesting device of FIG. FIG. 5 shows a perspective view of the foil of the energy harvesting device of FIG. 1. FIG. 6 shows a perspective view of an alternative embodiment of the foil of FIG. 5. FIG. 7 shows a schematic diagram of (a) a positive camber foil cross-section and (b) a negative camber foil cross-section of the foil of FIG. 6. FIG. 8 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of an alternative embodiment of the foil of FIG. 5. FIG. 9 shows a perspective view of a further alternative embodiment of the foil of FIG. 5. FIG. 10 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of the generator of the energy harvesting device of FIG. 1. FIG. 11 shows a perspective view of an energy harvesting system including the energy harvesting device of FIG. 1. FIG. 12 shows a perspective view of an alternative embodiment of the energy harvesting device of FIG. 1. FIG. 13 shows a perspective view of a further alternative embodiment of the energy harvesting device of FIG. 1. FIG. 14 shows a perspective view of yet another alternative embodiment of the energy harvesting device of FIG. FIG. 15 shows a perspective view of a further alternative embodiment of the energy harvesting device of FIG. FIG. 16 shows a perspective view of a further alternative embodiment of the energy harvesting device of FIG. FIG. 17 shows a perspective view of a further alternative embodiment of the energy harvesting device of FIG. Figure 18 shows the foil and vibrating member of the energy harvesting device of Figure 17 in (a) a first position, (b) a second position, (c) a third position, and (d) a fourth position. A perspective view is shown. FIG. 19 shows a perspective view of the energy conversion means of the energy harvesting device of FIG. 17. FIG. 20 shows three perspective views (a), (b) and (c) of alternative energy conversion means of the energy harvesting device of FIG. 17. FIG. 21 shows a perspective view of the gear mechanism of the energy harvesting device of FIG. 17. FIG. 22 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of an alternative embodiment of the energy harvesting device of FIG. 1. FIG. 23 shows a flowchart of a method for manufacturing the energy harvesting device of FIG. 1.

In the following description, like parts are given the same reference numerals throughout the specification and drawings. The drawings are not necessarily to scale, and the proportions of certain parts are exaggerated to better illustrate details and features of embodiments of the invention.

The present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 1 to 23.

Energy Harvesting Device FIGS. 1 and 2 show an energy harvesting device 1a. More specifically, the energy harvesting device 1a is suitable for harvesting energy from fluid flows such as wind, tidal currents or river currents. Energy harvesting device 1a includes a first surface 2a and an opposite second surface 3a. The first and second surfaces 2a, 3a are both perpendicular to and centered on the central axis 4.

Generator housing The energy harvesting device 1 a further includes a generator housing 5 a arranged around the central axis 4 . The generator housing 5a comprises an internal part 6 and a conical part 7, as can be seen in FIG. The internal part 6 of the generator housing 5 extends between the first and second surfaces 2a, 3a and has a substantially circular cross-sectional shape. It will be appreciated that the internal portion 6 of the generator housing 5 may have any suitable cross-sectional shape that may vary between the first and second surfaces 2a, 3a. A conical part 7 of the generator housing 5a is a continuation of an inner part 6 which projects from the first surface 2a and tapers towards the central axis 4.

The ducted energy harvesting device 1a further comprises a duct 8a arranged circumferentially around the generator housing 5a, as clearly shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. The duct 8a takes the form of a passageway between the first and second surfaces 2a, 3a suitable for directing a fluid flow 9 through the energy harvesting device 1a. It will be appreciated that the fluid stream 9 may take the form of a gas or liquid stream.

The conical portion 7 of the generator housing 5a diverts the fluid flow 9 towards the duct 8a. It has been found that the energy harvesting device 1a as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 preferably comprises no more than 18 ducts 8a arranged around the generator housing 5a for efficient operation. .

Each duct 8a comprises an inlet opening 10 on the first surface 2a and a corresponding outlet opening 11 on the second surface 3a. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the duct 8 has a substantially oval cross-sectional shape. The duct 8a is oriented such that the semi-major axis of the elliptical cross-sectional shape extends radially from the central axis 4. It will be appreciated that the duct 8a may have any suitable cross-sectional shape.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, each duct 8a has a different relative size depending on the position of the duct 8a on the first surface 2a. It will be appreciated that, alternatively, each duct 8a may all be of uniform size.

2 and 3 show that the cross-sectional shape of the duct 8a changes in the direction of the central axis 4. FIG. In other words, the cross-sectional shape changes between the first and second surfaces 2a, 3a. This change in the cross-sectional shape of the duct 8a may be configured to change the velocity of the fluid flow 9 through the energy harvesting device 1a. Alternatively, the duct 8a can have a uniform cross-sectional shape.

1 and 3 show that the duct 8a comprises an optional external portion 12 that protrudes from the second surface 3. The external portion 12 is configured to redirect the fluid flow 9 exiting the energy harvesting device 1a through the outlet opening 11.

The foil energy harvesting device 1a further comprises one or more foils 13 arranged within each duct 8a, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4. More specifically, the foil(s) 13 take the form of an aerofoil(s) or a hydrofoil(s) depending on whether the fluid stream 9 is a gaseous or liquid stream. .

FIG. 5 shows the foil 13 and defines some terms used to describe the shape of the foil 13. The foil 13 has a leading edge 14 and a trailing edge 15. The leading edge 14, or leading edge, is the first foil surface that encounters the incoming fluid stream 9. The leading edge 14 therefore separates the incoming fluid flow 9. The trailing edge 15, or rearmost edge, is the location where the fluid streams 9 separated by the leading edge 14 join.

The foil 13 also has a chord 16 and a span 17. The chord 16 is the distance between the leading and trailing edges 14, 15, while the span 17 is the distance between the first side 18 and the second side 19 of the foil 13. Furthermore, a chord line 20 is defined as an imaginary straight line connecting the leading and trailing edges 14, 15.

Foil 13 further comprises an upper surface 21 and a lower surface 22. The relative curvature of the upper and lower surfaces 19, 21 is parameterized by a camber line 23, which is a line equidistant between the upper and lower surfaces 19, 21 that extends across the chord direction of the foil 13. The foil 13 has a uniform cross-section over the span 17.

Figure 3 shows the foil 13 installed within the duct 8a. The foil 13 is oriented such that the leading edge 14 is located towards the inlet opening 10 and the trailing edge 15 is located towards the outlet opening 11. In other words, the chord direction of the foil 13 is substantially parallel to the central axis 4.

In operation, a flow of fluid enters the duct 13 through the inlet opening 10, flows through the foil 13 causing aerodynamic or hydrodynamic forces, and then exits the duct 13 through the outlet opening 11. The foil 13 exhibits motion, vibrations, and/or particularly flutter vibrations, and it is the kinetic energy from those vibrations that the energy harvesting device 1a captures, focuses, transfers, converges, and/or converts into electrical energy.

When aerodynamic or hydrodynamic forces deflect the foil 13, the elasticity of the foil 13 structure provides a restoring force that returns the foil 13 to its original shape. Flutter is a dynamic instability caused by positive feedback between hydrodynamic forces and the restoring force of the foil 13. Foils 13 known in the art are typically designed to avoid flutter, but since it is the mechanical vibrational energy that the present invention converts into useful electrical energy, those vibrations are This is desirable in the energy harvesting device 1a.

Although the foil 13 in FIG. 5 can exhibit flutter vibrations,
a) modifying the shape and structure of the foil 13 to induce or amplify opposing interacting lift forces; and/or
b) by adjusting the fluid flow 9, e.g. by causing a turbulent fluid flow 24;
It is possible and preferable to strengthen those flutter vibrations.

(a) Modified foil FIG. 6 shows a modified foil 25a whose thickness is varied in the spanwise direction. The correction foil 25a includes both a positive camber cross section 26 and a negative camber cross section 27. A positive camber cross section 26 provides a lift force 28 and is defined by a camber line 23 located between the upper surface 21 and the chord line 20, as shown in Figure 7a. A negative camber cross section 27 provides a drag force 29 and is defined by a camber line 23 located between the lower surface 22 and the chord line 20, as shown in Figure 7b. The correction foil 25a exhibits oppositely interacting lift and drag forces 28, 29, causing vibrations and/or especially flutter vibrations. The correction foil 25a of FIG. 6 exhibits vibrations about an axis parallel to the chord direction.

As an additional or alternative feature, the modification foil 25a may further include a weight 30 for inducing and/or amplifying vibrations. The modification foil 25a is hollow and includes an internal structure 31. The weights 30 shown in FIG. 6 are non-uniformly distributed within the internal structure 31 of the foil 25a across the chord and span directions.

FIG. 8 shows an alternative modified foil 25b with a chordwise thickness variation. This creates lift and drag forces 28, 29 across the chord of the foil 25b, causing vibrations about an axis parallel to the spanwise direction.

FIG. 9 shows a further alternative modification foil 25c having thickness variations both in the spanwise and chordwise directions, resulting in a combination of vibrations about axes parallel to the chordwise and spanwise directions. It shows.

(b) Regulation of fluid flow As an additional or alternative feature, the energy harvesting device 1 comprises fins 32 as shown in FIG. 3 projecting from the conical portion 7 of the generator housing 5a. The fins 32 include discontinuous vertices 33 that disrupt the smooth laminar flow of the incoming fluid flow 9 and create a turbulent fluid flow 24 .

As a further additional or alternative feature, the energy harvesting device 1a comprises a flap 34. As shown in FIG. 3, the flap 34 is arranged at the inlet opening 10 of the duct 8a, or as shown in FIG. 4, the flap 34 is arranged at the trailing edge of the foil 13. The flap 34 swings to deflect and disrupt the fluid flow 9, creating a turbulent fluid flow 24.

As another additional or alternative feature, the energy harvesting device 1a comprises a mesh 35 over the inlet opening 10 of the duct 8a, as shown in FIG. Although mesh 35 is uniform, it will be appreciated that mesh 35 may alternatively be non-uniform. Fluid flow 9 entering inlet opening 10 of duct 8a passes through mesh 35. The mesh 35 disrupts the fluid flow 9 and creates a turbulent fluid flow 24. The mesh 35 has a dual function and also acts as a barrier to protect the internal components of the energy harvesting device 1a. For this purpose, the energy harvesting device 1a can also be provided with a mesh spanning the outlet opening 11 of the duct 8a.

As an additional or alternative feature, the energy harvesting device 1a comprises a flow restrictor 36 arranged within the duct 8a to narrow (or widen) the cross-sectional shape of the passageway, as shown in FIG. Flow restrictor 36 acts as a bottleneck to increase the velocity of fluid flow 9. Flow restrictor 36 disrupts fluid flow 9 and creates turbulent fluid flow 24 .

Generator and Vibrator Device The energy harvesting device 1a further comprises a generator 37 employed to convert the motion, ie the vibration, of the foil or foils 13, 25 into electricity.

The generator 37 comprises one or more vibrating devices in the form of one or more vibrating lenses 38 and energy conversion means 39 . Each vibrating lens 38 captures, transmits and focuses vibrations from one or more foils 13 , 25 a , 25 b , 25 c towards an energy conversion means 39 arranged within the generator housing 5 . Or focus. The vibrating lens 38 has a dual purpose and is also a means for mounting each foil 13, 25a, 25b, 25c within the plurality of ducts 8.

The vibrating lens 38 may be of the type described in the Applicant's co-pending British Patent Publication No. GB2586067 and British Patent Application No. GB2008912.4. As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the vibrating lens 38 includes at least two focusing members 40. As shown in FIGS. Each of the at least two focusing members 40 has a first end 41 and a second end 42 for attachment to a vibration source, in this case a foil 13, 25a, 25b, 25c. The at least two focusing members 40 are arranged such that the spacing between the focusing members 40 decreases from the first end 41 to the second end 42 .

As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the first end 41 of each focusing member 40 extends into the foil 13, 25a, 25b, 25c and is attached to the internal structure 31. Additionally or alternatively, the first end 41 of each focusing member 40 is attached to a surface 14, 15, 18, 19, 21, 22 of the foil 13, 25a, 25b, 25c, such as the first side 18. It can be attached to.

The focusing member 40 shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 extends from the first side 18 of the foil 13, 25a, 25b, 25c towards the central axis. Therefore, the foil 25a whose thickness changes in the spanwise direction causes vibrational displacement, that is, linear vibration, in the focusing member 40. Conversely, a chordwise varying thickness foil 25a will induce an oscillatory torsional movement in the focusing member 40. Additionally, the foil 25c, which varies in thickness both chordwise and spanwise, will cause both combined vibratory displacements and torsional motions. The movement exhibited by the focusing member 40 depends on the location in which the focusing member 40 is mounted and the shape and construction of the foils 13, 25a, 25b, 25c.

3 and 4 show how the focusing members 40 merge towards the second end 42, pass through the generator housing 5a, and extend towards the central axis 4 within the generator housing 5a. Alternatively, the focusing member 40 can pass through the generator housing 5a before merging. The focusing member 40 passes through the generator housing 5a by means of bearings 43 which facilitate the focusing member 40 to transfer the movement of the foils 13, 25a, 25b, 25c within the generator housing 5. The type of bearing 43 will depend on the type of movement exhibited by focusing member 40, for example vibrational displacement and/or torsion.

The foils 9, 25a, 25b, 25c are designed to vibrate and rock at a relatively low frequency of 10 to 50 Hz and with a relatively high amplitude equal to a displacement of the second end of the focusing member of 10 to 25 mm. There is. Alternatively, the foil may vibrate at a similar relatively high amplitude (10-25 mm) at a moderate frequency above 50 Hz.

The energy conversion means 39 is disposed at the second end 42 of the oscillating lens 38 within the generator housing 5a. As shown in Figures 3 and 10, the energy conversion means 39 takes the form of a magnet 44 attached to the second end 42 of the focusing member 40, with a coil 45 disposed around the magnet 44. The energy conversion means 39 operates on the principle of magnetic induction, whereby relative movement of the magnet 44 with respect to the coil 45 creates a changing magnetic flux that induces a current in the coil 45. As is evident from Figure 10, the magnets 44 and coils 45 are disposed in multiple sets around the central axis 4, with each set generating electricity independently.

As an additional or alternative feature, the energy conversion means 39 may take the form of a piezoelectric crystal.

Energy Harvesting System FIG. 11 shows an energy harvesting system 46 that includes an array of energy harvesting devices 1 side by side and stacked on top of each other. As such, the energy harvesting system 46 may take the form of a wall, a fence, a panel of a structure or building, or a component within a structure. The energy harvesting system 46 can be placed in areas of high fluid flow 9, particularly in areas of highly turbulent fluid flow 24.

As an example, in the case of a wind energy harvesting device 1 where the fluid of the fluid stream 9 is air, highly turbulent air flows may be found near highways, airports, or high-rise buildings.

As another example, in the case of a liquid flow energy harvesting device 1 in which the fluid of the fluid flow 9 is water, for example, the highly turbulent water flow may be caused by a sea wall, a sea wall estuary, a dam, a river flood prevention, a bridge support, or May be found in water transport pipes. It will be appreciated that the liquid flow energy harvesting device 1 is submerged in water.

Alternative Energy Harvesting Device FIG. 12 shows an alternative energy harvesting device 1b that includes the same preferred and optional features as the energy harvesting device 1a shown in FIGS. 1-11.

The energy harvesting device 1b of FIG. 12 includes a duct 8b connecting the first surface 2b and a tangential third surface 47b of the energy harvesting device 1b. The third surface 47b is substantially parallel to the central axis 4 and connects the first and second surfaces 2b, 3b. The duct 8b includes a bend 48 that deflects the fluid flow 9, which is otherwise parallel to the central axis 4, in a direction tangential to the central axis 4. It will be understood that the energy harvesting device 1b can include both a duct 8a connecting the first and second surfaces 2a, 3a, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, and a duct 8b connecting the first and third surfaces 2b, 47b, as shown in FIG. 12. As an example, if the energy harvesting device 1b takes the form of a panel on the side of a building, the duct 8b deflects wind incident on the building and simultaneously harvests energy. As another example, if the energy harvesting device 1b takes the form of a panel on a seawall, the duct 8b will divert seawater entering the seawall while simultaneously harvesting energy.

As an additional or alternative feature, the energy harvesting device 1b as shown in FIG. 12 further includes a layer of sound insulation material 49 attached to the second surface 3b of the energy harvesting device 1b. If the energy harvesting device 1b takes the form of a panel suitable for use in a high-rise building, not only will the panel generate electricity, but the sound insulation material 49 will provide sound insulation for the building. The sound insulation 49 is particularly suitable for the embodiment of FIG. 12 because the duct 8b is deflected from the second surface 3b. On the other hand, the duct 8a of the energy harvesting device 1a shown in FIG. 1 will pass through an additional layer of sound insulation material 49.

FIG. 13 shows an alternative energy harvesting device 1c that can include the same preferred and optional features as the energy harvesting devices 1a, 1b shown in FIGS. 1-12.

The energy harvesting device 1c of FIG. 13 may include a lens 50 for focusing solar radiation 51. The energy harvesting device 1c of FIG. This feature is particularly suitable for wind energy harvesting devices, ie devices that cannot be submerged in water. Lens 50 can take the form of a conventional optical lens. The lens 50 is attached to the energy harvesting device 1c by means of a mounting bracket 52 and is oriented to focus solar radiation 51 in the area of the outlet opening 11 of the duct 8c. As a result, the fluid at the outlet opening 11 is hotter than the fluid at the inlet opening 10. In other words, the lens 50 creates a thermal gradient between the inlet opening 10 and the outlet opening 11 of the duct 8c. This thermal gradient causes fluid convection and increases the velocity and kinetic energy of fluid flow through duct 8c. The foil 13 placed in the duct 8c may, for example, exhibit higher amplitude vibrations, and this increased vibrational energy is captured, transmitted, focused and/or converted into electrical energy by the energy harvesting device 1c. It is also possible to do so. The lens 50 increases the output of the energy harvesting device 1c and increases the amount of power generation. It will be appreciated that the energy harvesting device 1c may include a plurality of lenses 50, each arranged towards the exit opening 11 of the duct 8c.

Figure 14 illustrates an alternative energy harvesting device 1d that can include the same preferred and optional features as the energy harvesting devices 1a, 1b, and 1c illustrated in Figures 1-13.

As a further additional or alternative feature, the energy conversion means 39 can comprise a rotor 53, more specifically a spiral type rotor, connected by an elastic coil connector 54 between the second ends 42 of the two focusing members 40 of the two oscillating lenses 38, as shown in FIG. 14. Each oscillating lens 38 is attached to a foil 13. The vibration motion of the second ends 42 of the two focusing members 40 expands and contracts the elastic coil connector 54, thereby rotating the rotor 53. This rotational motion is converted into electricity by a magnet and coil arrangement. Since the rotor can spin both clockwise and counterclockwise, a magnetic generator of the magnetic pole reversal type is required to generate electricity regardless of the direction of rotation. Additionally or alternatively, the rotor 53 can be fitted with a gear system (not shown), which rotates a secondary wheel or shaft. The gear system will rotate the secondary wheel or shaft regardless of the direction of the rotor 53.

FIG. 15 shows an alternative energy harvesting device 1e that may include preferred and optional features similar to the energy harvesting devices 1a, 1b, 1c, 1d shown in FIGS. 1-14. .

FIG. 15 shows a cylindrical energy harvesting device 1e including a curved surface 55. As shown in FIG. In this embodiment, the duct 8e connects the first region 56 of the curved surface 55 and the second region 57 of the curved surface 55. As shown in FIG. 15, the ducts 8e have various orientations, and each duct 8e connects different regions of the curved surface 55. For this reason, the energy harvesting device 1e can advantageously interact with fluid flows 9 from different directions.

Figure 16 shows an alternative energy harvesting device 1f that can include the same preferred and optional features as the energy harvesting devices 1a, 1b, 1c, 1d, and 1e shown in Figures 1 to 15.

The energy harvesting device 1f of FIG. 16 takes the form of a tree structure including branch members 58. The energy harvesting device 1f of FIG. Each branch member comprises a first surface 59, a second surface 60 and a duct 8f connecting the first and second surfaces 59, 60. Each branch member 58 is connected to a generator housing 5f in the form of a central column, as shown in FIG. Advantageously, the branch members 58 can each have different orientations so that the energy harvesting device 1e can also interact with fluid flows 9 from different directions.

17-21 illustrate alternative energy harvesting devices that may include the same preferred and optional features as the energy harvesting devices 1a, 1b, 1c, 1d, 1e, 1f shown in FIGS. 1-16. Apparatus 1g is shown.

As shown in FIG. 17, the energy harvesting device 1g has a substantially uniform hexagonal prism shape. The first and second opposite sides 2g, 3g of the energy harvesting device 1g take the form of two hexagonal bases of a hexagonal prism. Similar to the embodiment described above, the first and second surfaces 2g, 3g are perpendicular to and centered on the central axis 4g.

The generator housing 5g shown in FIG. 17 has a substantially hexagonal cross-sectional shape as opposed to the substantially circular cross-sectional shape as previously described in connection with FIGS. 1-3. Additionally, the duct 8g shown in FIG. 17 has a substantially trapezoidal cross-sectional shape as opposed to the elliptical cross-sectional shape as previously described in connection with FIGS. 1-3.

An important difference between the energy harvesting system of FIG. 17 and the embodiment of FIGS. 1-16 is the configuration of the foils 13, 25 and generator 37g. More specifically, the vibrating device of generator 37g takes the form of vibrating member 61, as opposed to vibrating lens 38. Vibrating member 61 has a first end 62 and a second end 63. A first end 62 of the vibrating member 61 is attached to the first side 18 of the foil 13,25. At the second end 63 of the vibrating member 61, an energy conversion means 39g is arranged. The vibrating member 61 extends from the foil 13 and through the generator housing 5a to the energy conversion means 39g within the generator housing 5a. The vibrating member 61 passes through the generator housing 5a by means of a bearing 43g located between the first and second ends 62, 63 of the vibrating member 61.

Figure 18 shows the movements exhibited by the vibrating member 61 and the foils 13, 25 of the energy harvesting device 1g, in particular the four positions. Figure 18 defines the x, y, and z axes to help explain this motion.

FIG. 18a shows a first position 64 in which the vibrating member 61 makes an angle −α with respect to the central swing position 65 of the vibrating member 61. FIG. In FIG. 18, the center swing position 65 of the vibrating member 61 is defined as when the vibrating member 61 is parallel to the z-axis. Furthermore, in the first position 64 the foils 13, 25 are oriented such that the chord 16 of the foils 13, 25 forms an angle of −β with respect to the central rotational position 66 of the foils 13, 25. The central rotational position 66 of the foil 13, 25 is defined as when the chord 16 of the foil 13, 25 is parallel to the direction of fluid flow 9 along the y direction. In operation, the fluid flow 9 along the y-direction is incident on the leading edge 14 of the foils 13, 25. The angle of attack of the foils 13, 25 generates a lift force (F _L ) in the positive x direction, causing a rocking motion of the vibrating member 61 about the bearing 43g. This rocking movement is limited by a first rocking stop 67 such that the vibration member 61 stops in a second position 68 at an angle +α with respect to the z-axis as shown in FIG. 18b. be done.

When in the second position 68, the weight and/or inertia of the foils 13, 25 creates a rotational force (F _R ), which causes the axis 69 (first and second A rotational movement of the foils 13, 25 is caused about an axis 69) extending between the ends 62, 63. This rotation is limited by a first rotation stop 70. The rotation of the foils 13, 25 reverses the angle of attack of the foils 13, 25, so that the chord 16 of the foils 13, 25 is in the center rotation position 66, as can be seen by FIG. 18c showing the third position 71. It forms an angle of +β. It will be appreciated that the position of the axis 69 relative to the foils 13, 25, and in particular the position of the axis 69 along the chord 16 of the foils 13, 25, determines the relative ease with which the foils 13, 25 rotate. For example, the axis 69 may be offset closer to the leading edge 14 of the foils 13, 25 as opposed to the trailing edge 15. The position of the axis 69 can thus be optimized to achieve the desired rotational characteristics of the foils 13, 25.

In the third position, the fluid flow 9 around the foils 13, 25 generates a lift force (F _L ) in the negative x direction, thereby causing a relative inversion of the vibrating member 61 about the bearing 43g. Causes rocking motion. This counter-swinging movement is limited by the second swinging stop 72, so that the swinging member 61 makes an angle of −α with respect to the central swinging position 65, as shown in FIG. 18d. It stops at the fourth position 73.

When in the fourth position 73, the weight and/or inertia of the foils 13, 25 again creates a rotational force (F _R ), which causes the foils 13, 25 to move about the axis defined by the vibrating member 61. A counter-rotational motion is caused. This rotation is limited by a second rotation stop 74. The chords 16 of the foils 13, 25 then make an angle of −β with respect to the central rotational position 66, thereby returning the arrangement to the first position 64, as shown in FIG. 18a. The cycle of rocking and rotating is repeated.

The first and second rocking stops 67, 72, clearly visible in FIG. 19, limit the rocking range of the vibrating member 61. The positions of the first and second rocking stops 67, 72 can be adjusted depending on the desired rocking range. The vibrating member 61 can swing from 1 to 89 degrees on both sides of the central swing position 65. Preferably, the vibrating member 61 oscillates from 1° to 30° on either side of the central oscillating position 65. Preferably, the vibrating member 61 oscillates from 1° to 15° on either side of the central oscillating position 65.

Similarly, as shown in FIG. 19, the first and second rotation stops 70, 74 limit the rotation of the vibrating member 61 and thus the foils 13, 25. The position of the first and second rotation stops 70, 74 can be adjusted depending on the desired rotation range, ie the desired angle of attack of the foils 13, 25. The vibrating member 61 and the foils 13, 25 can be rotated from 1 to 89° on either side of the central rotation position 66. Preferably, the combination of vibrating member 61 and foils 13, 25 rotates from 1° to 35° on either side of central rotational position 66.

The energy conversion means 39g located at the second end 63 of the vibrating member 61 exhibits only a rocking motion and no rotational motion. The rotational movement is separated into the vibrating member 61 and the foils 13,25. Thus, the oscillating movement drives the energy conversion means 39g, whereas the rotational movement sustains and/or assists the oscillating movement.

19 shows the energy conversion means 39g located at the second end 63 of the oscillatory member 61. The second end 63 of the oscillatory member 61 includes a curved rack 75, i.e., a toothed track. The rack 75 is oriented to mesh with a pinion 76, also called a cog or gear. The pinion 76 is connected to a shaft 77, which is connected to a generator 78. In operation, the oscillating motion of the oscillatory member 61 periodically displaces the rack 75 in the x-direction, thereby rotating the pinion 76. The pinion 76 rotates the shaft 77, which in turn drives the generator 78 to generate electricity. It will be appreciated that the pinion 76 can be directly connected to the generator, and therefore the shaft 77 is not required. It will also be appreciated that alternative transmission systems are envisioned to transmit the oscillating motion of the oscillatory member to the generator.

As shown in FIG. 19, the bearing 43g (also referred to as a bearing assembly) includes a bearing shaft 79 mounted in the xy plane across the cavity 80 of the generator housing 5a, and a bearing housing 81 mounted on the bearing shaft 79. Equipped with. The vibrating member 61 passes through the generator housing 5a by passing through the bearing housing 81 in a direction substantially perpendicular to the bearing axis 79. Movement of the vibrating member 61 is restrained by the bearing 43g. The vibrating member 61 can swing about a bearing axis 79, and the vibrating member 61 can also rotate about an axis 69 defined by the vibrating member 61 itself.

Figure 20 shows alternative bearings 43h, 43i, and 43j each including a bearing shaft 79 mounted by two brackets 82 and a bearing housing 81 attached to the bearing shaft 79. The alternative bearings 43h, 43i, and 43j show alternative transmission systems that transmit the oscillating motion of the oscillating member to the generator 78.

More specifically, FIG. 20a shows an alternative curved rack 75h, ie, a toothed component, at the second end 63 of the vibrating member 61. FIG. 20b shows a curved rack 75i attached to a bearing shaft 79 instead of the second end 63 of the vibrating member 61. FIG. Similarly, FIG. 20c shows a gear 76 mounted on a bearing shaft 79.

As an additional or alternative feature, the bearings 43h, 43i, 43j shown in FIGS. 20a, 20b, 20c each include a pitch control mechanism 83 located in the bearing housing 81. Pitch control mechanism 83 includes a servo motor 84 and a drive train 85 that connects servo motor 84 to vibration member 61 . Drive train 85 can take the form of gears and belts or chains. The pitch control mechanism 84 can rotate the vibrating member 61 and the foils 13 and 25 connected to the first end 62 of the vibrating member 61 about the axis 69 of the vibrating member 61 . In other words, the pitch control mechanism 84 controls the pitch of the foils 13, 25 connected to the first end 62 of the vibrating member 61. Instead of or in addition to the first and second rotation stops 70, 74, the rotation of the vibrating member 61 can be limited by a pitch control mechanism 84. As an additional feature, the pitch control mechanism 84 can optimize the position of the foils 13, 25, for example by dynamically adjusting the pitch according to the speed and direction of the fluid flows 9, 24. It will be appreciated that the pitch control mechanism 84 may be integrated within the bearing housing 81.

As an additional or alternative feature, the rotational position of the oscillatory member 61 is biased away from the center rotational position 66 by a cam and/or pitch control mechanism. This advantageously ensures that the chord 16 of the foils 13, 25 is never parallel to the direction of the fluid flow 9. This biases the foils 13, 25 towards an angle of attack that generates an aerodynamic force.

The servo motor 84 may be connected to a sensor and control system. Thus, the sensor may be used to measure the speed and direction of the fluid flow 9 at the inlet opening 10, and the control system then functions to adjust the orientation of the foils 13, 25 to optimize their pitch angle.

As shown in FIG. 18, the linear or oscillating motion of the foils 13, 25 is converted into a rotational motion of a pinion 76, which drives a generator 78, as shown in FIG. This rotational movement exhibited by pinion 76 is oscillatory in that it alternates between clockwise and counterclockwise rotations. As a further additional or alternative feature, the energy harvesting device 1, in particular the energy conversion means 39, further includes a clutch mechanism 86 for converting the oscillatory rotational movement into a unidirectional rotational movement, as shown in FIG. Be prepared.

The clutch mechanism 86 includes a vibration input shaft 87 and a one-way output shaft 88. The vibration input shaft 87 is driven by the vibration pinion 76 and further includes a first sprag clutch bearing 89 whose driving direction is clockwise, and a second sprag clutch bearing 90 whose driving direction is counterclockwise. A first sprag clutch bearing 89 that rotates clockwise meshes directly with a first spur gear 91 that rotates counterclockwise and is disposed on the one-way output shaft 88 . A second sprag clutch bearing 90 that rotates counterclockwise meshes with a second spur gear 92 that rotates counterclockwise and is disposed on the one-way output shaft 88 via an intermediate gear 93 that rotates clockwise. There is.

In operation, clockwise rotation of vibration input shaft 87 is converted to counterclockwise rotation of unidirectional output shaft 88 by the combination of first sprag clutch bearing 89 and first spur gear 91 . Counterclockwise rotation of vibration input shaft 87 is converted to counterclockwise rotation of unidirectional output shaft 88 by a combination of second sprag clutch bearing 90, intermediate gear 93, and first spur gear 92. In short, both clockwise and counterclockwise rotations of the vibration input shaft 87 are converted into counterclockwise rotations of the one-way output shaft 88. The first and second sprag clutch bearings 89, 90 freewheel when not rotating in their respective drive directions.

Advantageously, the clutch mechanism 86 provides unidirectional rotational motion, thereby expanding the types of generators 78 that can be utilized within the energy harvesting device 1.

The rotational speed of the unidirectional output shaft 88 may not be uniform due to the nature of the rocking motion. More specifically, the rotational speed increases when the vibrating member 61 passes through the central rocking position 65 and slows down when it reaches the first and second rocking stops 67, 72. Additional or alternative features include the use of magnets to repel the vibrating member 61 and/or springs that apply a force to the vibrating member 61 to reduce changes in the rotational speed of the unidirectional output shaft 88. The dynamic movement can be changed. As an additional or alternative feature, variations in rotational speed may also be reduced by mechanically storing rotational motion in the flywheel or spring mechanism and releasing this stored energy at a constant rotational speed. can. In alternative embodiments, multiple foils 13, 25 can be connected to a clutch mechanism 86 or a spring mechanism without affecting their independent oscillatory movement.

As a further additional or alternative feature, the rocking motion can be limited by magnetic end stops, springs and/or servo motors 84 as opposed to the mechanical first and second rocking stops 67, 72. Advantageously, replacing the mechanical rocking stops with magnetic rocking stops reduces energy losses within the transmission system by minimizing shock effects, thereby extending component life.

It will be appreciated that the above-described vibration-to-rotation conversion mechanism of the foils 13, 25 shown in FIGS. 19-21 can be replaced by a vibration-to-linear conversion mechanism, which can be connected to a linear generator. Good morning. Although rotary generators are easy to handle, they generally have higher mechanical losses than linear generators. Therefore, embodiments based on an oscillating-to-linear conversion mechanism have been found to improve mechanical efficiency.

As shown in FIG. 17, the energy harvesting device 1g includes a plurality of foils 13, 25. More specifically, FIG. 17 shows two foils 13, 25 in each of the six ducts 8g of the energy harvesting device 1g. It will be appreciated that each duct 8g can be equipped with more or fewer foils 13, 25, and the energy harvesting device 1g can be equipped with more or fewer ducts 8g. The generator 37g includes a plurality of vibration members 61 and energy conversion means 39g. The single foil 13, 25 is attached to a single vibrating member 61, which is connected to the energy conversion means 39g. The energy conversion means 39g may comprise a plurality of independent racks 75 and pinion 76 arrangements attached to a plurality of independent generators 78. Therefore, each foil 13, 25 moves independently according to the motion shown in FIG. 18 and generates electricity independently. It will also be appreciated that, additionally or alternatively, multiple vibrating members 61 can drive a central drive shaft connected to a single generator 78. In this embodiment, the transmission system is configured such that the conversion of motion occurs in one direction. In other words, each aerofoil 13, 25 and vibrating member 61 can independently drive the central shaft.

The embodiment of FIGS. 17-21 converts the linear motion of the foils 13, 25 into rotary motion that drives a conventional generator 78. Advantageously, the energy harvesting device 1g of FIGS. 17-21 is better than the embodiment of FIGS. 1-16 because it includes a generator 78, as opposed to a custom magnet 44 and coil 45 arrangement. It's simple. This device is therefore simpler and cheaper to manufacture and more reliable.

Figure 22 shows an alternative embodiment of the energy harvesting device 1. As an additional or alternative feature, the cross-sectional area of the duct 8 can decrease and then increase in the direction of the central axis 4 between the first and second surfaces 2, 3. This narrowing of the duct 8 increases the velocity of the fluid flow 9 in the narrow region of the duct 8 where the foil(s) 13, 25 are located. Advantageously, the increase in the velocity of the fluid flow 9 increases the force exerted by the foil(s) 13, 25.

Moreover, due to the Venturi effect, this constriction results in a decrease in fluid pressure in the narrow region of the duct 8. As another additional or alternative feature, the duct 8 may include one or more sidewall inlets 94 in a narrow region of the duct 8 such that lower fluid pressure draws more fluid into the duct 8. . This increases the energy taken in and further enhances the operation of the energy harvesting device 1.

Method of Manufacturing Energy Harvesting Device FIG. 23 shows a flowchart of a method of manufacturing the energy harvesting device 1. The method includes the steps of providing a duct having an inlet and an outlet opening (S1001), and providing one or more foils disposed within the duct, wherein a leading edge of the one or more foils is at the inlet. and providing (S1003) a generator that converts motion of the one or more foils into electricity, the method comprising the steps of: (S1002) being positioned toward the opening;

Furthermore, the manufacturing method may optionally include characterizing the fluid streams 9, 24. For example, this characterizes the average velocity of the fluid flow, the velocity distribution of the fluid flow, turbulence, the shear profile of the fluid flow, the directional distribution of the fluid flow, and the fluctuations of the fluid flow over time. Can include ratings.

As a further addition, the manufacturing method may optionally include the step of determining optimal parameters of the energy harvesting device 1 using the characteristics of the fluid flows 9, 24. For example, this optimization process includes the dimensions of the energy harvesting device 1, the dimensions and shape of the duct 8, the shape and structure of the foils 13, 25a, 25b, 25c, the dimensions, shape, material composition, orientation and arrangement of the vibration device, The relative position of two or more foils 13, 25a, 25b, 25c within duct 8, the arrangement and configuration of features for regulating fluid flow 9, such as fins 32, flaps 34, mesh 35 and flow restrictors 36 , and determining the location and configuration of the generator 37. Optimizing the vibrating device may include optimizing the vibrating lens 38 by matching the average resonant frequency over the operating range of the foils 13, 25a, 25b, 25c.

Energy harvesting device 1 has a number of advantages. In one embodiment, the device can operate without aerodynamic or hydrodynamic lift forces moving the foil. Instead, the energy harvesting devices 1a, 1b, 1c, 1d, 1e, 1f shown in FIGS. Collect flutter vibrations induced by lift forces interacting in opposite directions.

Advantageously, the energy harvesting device 1 can be optimized to operate over a wide range of fluid flow parameters, such as fluid flow velocity, and is related to devices known in the art. It is possible to reduce the intermittency that is a problem.

A further advantage is that the energy harvesting device 1 is compact, modular and can form part of a larger system 46. The energy harvesting device 1 and system 46 can be individually integrated into the environment in the form of a wall, but is not normally considered in devices known in the art, such as in urban landscapes, highways, airports, and even under water. Suitable for places that are not. Since the energy harvesting device 1 is not limited to remote areas, which are often considered areas of natural beauty, there is no reason to invite negative public opinion.

Advantageously, the energy harvesting device 1 does not have any relatively large moving external components that could potentially kill birds or fish depending on where the energy harvesting device 1 is installed. All of the moving components of the energy harvesting device 1 are internal and exhibit only small scale movements such as vibration, rocking and rotational motions. Additionally, the energy harvesting device 1 includes features that minimize risks to wildlife, such as mesh 35 that prevents birds and fish from entering the duct 8 through the inlet opening 10.

The energy harvesting device 1 can be optimized depending on the characteristics of the fluid flow 9, making it suitable for a wide range of applications. The functionality of the energy harvesting device 1 can be maximized by incorporating additional features such as sound insulation 49.

An energy harvesting device is disclosed. The energy harvesting device comprises a duct having an inlet opening and an outlet opening. The energy harvesting device further comprises one or more foils disposed within the duct, with a leading edge of the one or more foils disposed toward the inlet opening. The energy harvesting device also comprises a generator for converting the motion of the one or more foils into electricity. The generator comprises one or more vibrating members and an energy conversion means. The one or more vibrating members are configured to exhibit both an oscillating motion and the one or more foils are configured to exhibit a rotational motion. The foils may be aerofoils or hydrofoils. The energy harvesting device provides an alternative device for generating renewable energy with many advantages. The device harvests vibrational energy, can be optimized to operate over a wide range of fluid flow parameters, has minimal adverse environmental impact, and is suitable for many locations and applications.

Throughout this specification, unless the context clearly requires otherwise, the terms "comprise" or "include" or variations thereof such as "comprises" or "comprising", "includes" or "including" , is meant to include the mentioned integer or integer group, but is not meant to exclude other integers or integer groups. Further, unless the context clearly requires otherwise, the term "or" is to be interpreted as inclusive rather than exclusive.

The above description of the invention has been presented for purposes of illustration and description, and is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise form disclosed. The described embodiments have been chosen and described in order to best explain the principles of the invention and its practical application, and thereby enable those skilled in the art to fully utilize the invention with various embodiments and various modifications suited to the particular use envisaged. Accordingly, further changes or modifications may be incorporated without departing from the scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.

Claims (28)

1. An energy harvesting device, comprising:
a duct having an inlet opening and an outlet opening;
one or more foils disposed within the duct, the leading edge of the foils being disposed toward the inlet opening;
a generator including one or more vibrating members and energy conversion means, said generator being used to convert the motion of said one or more foils into electricity;
An energy harvesting device, characterized in that the one or more vibration members are configured to exhibit an oscillatory motion that drives the energy conversion means, and the one or more foils are configured to exhibit a rotational motion that assists the oscillatory motion. The energy harvesting device according to claim 1,
Energy harvesting device, characterized in that each vibrating member comprises a first end for attachment to said foil and a second end in which energy conversion means are arranged. The energy harvesting device according to claim 2,
An energy harvesting device, wherein the vibrating member is configured to swing about a bearing located between a first end and a second end of the vibrating member. The energy harvesting device according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
An energy harvesting device characterized in that each vibrating member swings from 1° to 89° on both sides of a central swinging position. The energy harvesting device according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
An energy harvester characterized in that each vibrating member oscillates 1° to 30° on both sides of a central oscillating position, or each vibrating member oscillates 1° to 15° on both sides of a central oscillating position. ting device. The energy harvesting device according to any one of claims 1 to 5,
Energy harvesting device, characterized in that, in operation, the flow of fluid around the foil generates a lift force that causes a rocking movement of the vibrating member. The energy harvesting device according to any one of claims 1 to 6,
An energy harvesting device, characterized in that a first swing stop and a second swing stop limit the swing movement of the vibration member. The energy harvesting device according to any one of claims 1 to 7,
An energy harvesting device, wherein each foil is configured to rotate about the axis of the vibrating member. The energy harvesting device according to any one of claims 1 to 8,
11. An energy harvesting device, characterized in that the foil rotates between 1° and 89° on either side of a central rotation position. The energy harvesting device according to any one of claims 1 to 9,
11. An energy harvesting device, characterized in that the foil rotates between 1° and 35° on either side of a central rotation position. The energy harvesting device according to any one of claims 1 to 10,
Energy harvesting device, characterized in that, in operation, the weight and/or inertia of the foil generates a rotational force that causes a rotational movement of the foil. The energy harvesting device according to any one of claims 1 to 11,
An energy harvesting device characterized in that the rotational movement of the foil reverses the angle of attack of the foil. The energy harvesting device according to any one of claims 1 to 12,
Energy harvesting device, characterized in that a first rotation stop and a second rotation stop limit the rotational movement of the foil. The energy harvesting device according to any one of claims 3 to 13,
An energy harvesting device, wherein the bearing includes a pitch control mechanism configured to rotate the vibrating member and the foil attached to the vibrating member about an axis of the vibrating member. The energy harvesting device according to claim 14,
An energy harvesting device characterized in that the pitch control mechanism includes a servo motor and a drive train connecting the servo motor to the vibrating member. The energy harvesting device according to any one of claims 1 to 15,
An energy harvesting device characterized in that the energy converting means arranged at the second end of the vibrating member exhibits only a rocking motion and not a rotational motion. The energy harvesting device according to any one of claims 1 to 16,
11. An energy harvesting device, wherein the rotational motion is isolated to the combination of the vibrating member and the foil. The energy harvesting device according to any one of claims 1 to 17,
Energy harvesting, characterized in that the energy conversion means comprises a rack located at the second end of the vibrating member and a pinion, the rack being oriented and positioned to mesh with the pinion. Device. The energy harvesting device according to claim 18,
Energy harvesting device, characterized in that the energy conversion means further comprises a generator, and the pinion is connected to the generator indirectly or directly by a shaft. 20. The energy harvesting device of claim 19,
In operation, a rocking motion displaces the rack, thereby rotating the pinion to drive the generator. The energy harvesting device according to any one of claims 1 to 20,
An energy harvesting device characterized in that the energy converting means includes a clutch mechanism configured to convert an oscillatory rotational movement into a unidirectional rotational movement. The energy harvesting device according to any one of claims 1 to 21,
The energy harvesting device further comprises two or more ducts, each of the two or more ducts having an inlet opening and an outlet opening, each of the two or more ducts comprising one or more foils disposed within the duct, a leading edge of the one or more foils being disposed toward the inlet opening. The energy harvesting device according to any one of claims 1 to 22,
An energy harvesting device, wherein the one or more foils include one or more aerofoils. The energy harvesting device according to any one of claims 1 to 23,
Energy harvesting device, characterized in that the one or more foils include one or more hydrofoils. An energy harvesting system,
An energy harvesting system comprising two or more energy harvesting devices according to any one of claims 1 to 24. A method for manufacturing an energy harvesting device, the method comprising:
providing a duct having an inlet opening and an outlet opening;
providing one or more foils within the duct, the leading edge of the one or more foils being positioned towards the inlet opening;
providing a generator including one or more vibrating members and energy conversion means, said generator being used to convert motion of said one or more foils into electricity. ,
The one or more vibrating members are configured to exhibit a rocking motion that drives the energy conversion means, and the one or more foils are configured to exhibit a rotational motion that assists the rocking motion. A method of manufacturing an energy harvesting device, characterized in that: The method for manufacturing an energy harvesting device according to claim 26,
A method of manufacturing a wind energy harvesting device, the method further comprising characterizing fluid flow. 28. The method of manufacturing an energy harvesting device according to claim 27, further comprising:
20. A method for manufacturing an energy harvesting device, comprising the further step of determining optimal parameters of the energy harvesting device for use with the fluid flow.

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