JP2024072138A - Ceiling substrate structure - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a ceiling substrate structure allowing position adjustment of a ceiling surface to be easily carried out at a construction site.SOLUTION: A ceiling substrate structure 15 is provided with: a first runner 37a connected to a beam 14 and extending in a front/rear direction 3 along the beam 14; a second runner 37b facing the first runner 37a with the beam 14 therebetween and extending in the front/rear direction 3; and a substrate metal fitting 23 positioned between the first runner 37a and the second runner 37b below the beam 14. The substrate metal fitting 23 is provided with a flat-plate-like plate part 70, and a first nail part 80 and a second nail part 81 extending from an upper surface 74 of the plate part 70 and separated apart in a right/left direction 2. The first nail part 80 and the second nail part 81 abut on the first runner 37a and the second runner 37b, respectively, between the first runner 37a and the second runner 37b, and are elastically deformed in a direction approaching each other, and the plate part 70 abuts on third walls 49a and 49b.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

The present invention relates to a ceiling substructure that connects substructure materials using connecting fittings.

The connecting fittings described in Patent Document 1 connect two rafters together by having an upper horizontal piece hung on the top surface of each rafter and a lower horizontal piece abutting the bottom surface of each rafter.

Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 9-228538

Ceiling base materials such as joists are sometimes placed across from each other. If the joists and base materials are close to each other, there is no space between the joists and the joists to insert the upper horizontal piece described above, and so the connecting metal fitting configuration described above cannot be used. Because the ceiling board needs to be screwed below the beams as well, traditionally flat pieces of wood were attached below the beams and the ceiling board was screwed to the wood. However, because the thickness of the wood is constant, it is difficult to fine-tune the position of the ceiling surface at the construction site.

The present invention was made in consideration of the above-mentioned circumstances, and its purpose is to provide a ceiling underlayment structure equipped with underlayment fittings that can be easily attached to the underside of beams arranged opposite each other and whose position can be adjusted.

(1) Claim 1 is a ceiling underlayment structure comprising a first underlayment connected to a beam and extending in a first direction along the beam, a second underlayment facing the first underlayment across the beam and extending in the first direction, and underlayment metal fittings located below the beam between the first and second underlayment materials, the underlayment metal fittings comprising a flat plate-shaped plate portion and a first claw portion and a second claw portion extending from a main surface of the plate portion and spaced apart in a second direction intersecting the first direction, the first claw portion and the second claw portion being in contact with the first and second underlayment materials, respectively, between the first and second underlayment materials, and elastically deforming in a direction approaching each other, and the plate portion being in contact with the undersides of the first and second underlayment materials.

Because the first and second claws of the base metal fittings are sandwiched between the first and second base materials, workers can easily attach the base metal fittings to the first and second base materials without the need to support the base metal fittings. This allows the ceiling base structure to be formed without placing any wooden base between the boards and under the beams to allow for adjustment of the ceiling surface position.

(2) Claim 2 is a ceiling substructure according to claim 1, in which the plate portion is fastened to the first substructure and the second substructure by fasteners.

The ceiling base structure can be formed firmly.

(3) Claim 3 is a ceiling substructure according to claim 1 or 2, in which the first substructure and the second substructure are in contact with the beam, and a portion of the first substructure and a portion of the second substructure are each located above the lower end of the beam.

The ceiling height can be adjusted even if the first and second base materials are placed without any gaps between them and the beams.

(4) Claim 4 relates to a ceiling substructure according to any one of claims 1 to 3, in which the plate portion and the beam are spaced apart in the vertical direction.

Since space is secured between the boards and under the beams, the ceiling height can be made higher.

(5) Claim 5 relates to a ceiling base structure according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising a ceiling board fixed to the plate portion.

The present invention makes it easy to adjust the position of the ceiling surface at the construction site.

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a schematic diagram of a ceiling foundation structure 15 according to one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing the ceiling foundation structure 15 of FIG. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line III-III in FIG. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line IV-IV in FIG. FIG. 5 is a plan view of the base metal fitting 23 according to one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along line VV of the base metal fitting 23 shown in FIG. 7(a) and (b) are diagrams for explaining a method of constructing a ceiling foundation. 8(a) and (b) are diagrams for explaining a method of constructing a ceiling foundation. 9(a) and (b) are diagrams for explaining a method of constructing a ceiling foundation.

The following describes an embodiment of the present invention. Note that the embodiment described below is merely one example of the present invention, and it goes without saying that the embodiment of the present invention can be modified as appropriate without departing from the gist of the present invention.

In the following, the up-down direction 1 is defined based on the state in which the building 10 is constructed (see FIG. 1). The direction in which the first sill 21 and second sill 22 extend, which are perpendicular to the up-down direction 1, is defined as the left-right direction (an example of the second direction) 2. The direction in which the beams 14 extend, which are perpendicular to the up-down direction 1 and the left-right direction 2, is defined as the front-rear direction (an example of the first direction) 3.

[Ceiling base structure 15]
The building 10 shown in FIG. 1 is a house or the like having a wooden frame structure. In FIG. 1, the first floor of the building 10 is shown in a schematic manner, and the second and higher floors are omitted. In the building 10, a base 13 is placed on a foundation 11, and a plurality of columns 12 are erected on the base 13. Some of the plurality of columns 12 support beams 14. A ceiling underlay structure 15 is located below the beams 14. The base 13 supports joists 16, and although not shown in FIG. 1, a floor underlay structure is located on the joists 16. Note that the construction materials such as the beams 14 actually used in the building 10 usually have an error from the design dimensions, and are adjusted in size so that they can be assembled with each member at the construction site.

The ceiling substructure 15 is located below the floor 16a of the second floor 9 and is installed on the beams 14. As shown in Figures 2 and 3, the ceiling substructure 15 includes a first runner 37a, a second runner 37b, a first siding 21, a second siding 22, and a substructure metal fitting 23.

As shown in FIG. 2, the beam 14 extends along the front-to-rear direction 3. The beam 14 has an upper beam surface 28 facing upward, a lower beam surface (an example of the lower end of the beam 14) 29 facing downward, a left beam surface 30 facing left, and a right beam surface 31 facing right. The height of the lower beam surface 29 from the floor surface 19 of the building 10 is not constant according to the design dimensions, but varies slightly depending on the location on the first floor 8. The left beam surface 30 and the right beam surface 31 are flat surfaces.

The first runner (an example of a first base material) 37a is fixed to the left surface of the beam 30 with a screw 20. The first runner 37a extends in the front-to-rear direction 3 along the beam 14. The first runner 37a is a member having a U-shaped cross section when viewed from the front-to-rear direction 3. The first runner 37a has a first wall 47a, a second wall 48a, and a third wall (an example of the underside of the first base material) 49a. The first wall 47a extends in the left-to-right direction 2 and the front-to-rear direction 3. The first wall 47a has a through hole (not shown) that penetrates in the up-down direction 1.

The first wall 47a is located above the beam bottom surface 29. The second wall 48a extends downward from the right end of the first wall 47a. The second wall 48a extends in the up-down direction 1 and the front-to-rear direction 3. The upper portion of the surface of the second wall 48a facing to the right abuts against the left surface of the beam 30. The third wall 49a extends leftward from the lower end of the second wall 48a. The third wall 49a faces the first wall 47a. The third wall 49a extends in the left-right direction 2 and the front-to-rear direction 3. The third wall 49a is located below the beam bottom surface 29.

The first siding 21 is located to the left of the second wall 48a. The first siding 21 extends in the left-right direction 2 and intersects with the beams 14. Multiple first sidings 21 are lined up in the front-to-back direction 3 (see FIG. 1). The right end 59 of the first siding 21 contacts the second wall 48a and is sandwiched between the first wall 47a and the third wall 49a in the up-down direction 1. With the base metal fittings 23 fixed to the first siding 21, the ceiling board 17 is fixed from below with screws 18.

The first sill 21 has a first upper wall 55 located above, a first lower wall 56 located below, a first front wall 57 located forward, and a first rear wall 58 located rearward. The first upper wall 55 and the first lower wall 56 are aligned along the left-right direction 2 and the front-rear direction 3. The first upper wall 55 and the first lower wall 56 face each other. The first front wall 57 and the first rear wall 58 are aligned along the up-down direction 1 and the front-rear direction 3. The first front wall 57 and the first rear wall 58 face each other. The first upper wall 55 is located above the beam lower surface 29, and the first lower wall 56 is located below the beam lower surface 29.

The second runner 37b (an example of a second base material) is fixed to the right surface 31 of the beam with a screw 20. The second runner 37b extends in the front-to-rear direction 3 along the beam 14. The second runner 37b is a member having a U-shaped cross section when viewed from the front-to-rear direction 3. The second runner 37b has a first wall 47b, a second wall 48b, and a third wall 49b (an example of the bottom surface of the second base material). The first wall 47b extends in the left-right direction 2 and the front-to-rear direction 3. The first wall 47b has a through hole (not shown) that penetrates in the up-down direction 1.

The first wall 47b is located above the beam bottom surface 29. The second wall 48b extends downward from the left end of the first wall 47b. The second wall 48b extends in the up-down direction 1 and the front-rear direction 3. The upper part of the surface of the second wall 48b facing left abuts against the beam right surface 31. The third wall 49b extends rightward from the lower end of the second wall 48b. The third wall 49b faces the first wall 47b. The third wall 49b extends in the left-right direction 2 and the front-rear direction 3. The third wall 49b is located below the beam bottom surface 29. The second runner 37b extends in the front-rear direction 3. The second wall 48a of the first runner 37a and the second wall 48b of the second runner 37b are parallel to each other and face each other across the beam 14.

The second siding 22 is located to the right of the beam 14. The second siding 22 extends in the left-right direction 2 and intersects with the beam 14. Multiple second sidings 22 are lined up in the front-to-back direction 3 (not shown). The left end 64 of the second siding 22 is in contact with the second wall 48b and is sandwiched between the first wall 47b and the third wall 49b in the up-down direction 1. With the base metal fittings 23 fixed to the second siding 22, the ceiling board 17 is fixed from below with screws 18.

The second sill 22 has a second upper wall 60 located above, a second lower wall 61 located below, a second front wall 62 located forward, and a second rear wall 63 located rearward. The second upper wall 60 and the second lower wall 61 are aligned along the left-right direction 2 and the front-rear direction 3. The second upper wall 60 and the second lower wall 61 face each other. The second front wall 62 and the second rear wall 63 are aligned along the up-down direction 1 and the front-rear direction 3. The second front wall 62 and the second rear wall 63 face each other. The second upper wall 60 is located above the beam lower surface 29, and the second lower wall 61 is located below the beam lower surface 29.

[Base metal fittings]
As shown in Fig. 2, the base metal fitting 23 is located between the first runner 37a and the second runner 37b, and connects the first siding 21 and the second siding 22. The base metal fitting 23 is located below and spaced from the beam underside 29. The base metal fitting 23 is formed by bending a flat plate. The ceiling board 17 is fixed to the base metal fitting 23 from below with screws 18. As shown in Figs. 5 and 6, the base metal fitting 23 includes a plate portion 70, a side portion 73, a first claw portion 80, and a second claw portion 81.

The plate portion 70 is located at the center of the base metal fitting 23 in the left-right direction 2. The plate portion 70 is located below the beam underside 29 and faces the beam underside 29. The plate portion 70 has a flat plate shape. The dimension D1 of the plate portion 70 in the left-right direction 2 is greater than the dimension D2 of the beam 14 in the left-right direction 2 (see FIG. 2). The plate portion 70 has a main portion 87, a first extension portion 88, a second extension portion 89, a third extension portion 90, and a fourth extension portion 91. The main portion 87 has a rectangular shape when viewed from the up-down direction 1. The main portion 87 is longer in the left-right direction 2 than in the front-back direction 3.

The first extension 88 extends leftward from the front side of the plate 70. A first hole 94 penetrates the first extension 88 in the up-down direction 1 at a position central in the front-to-rear direction 3 and toward the left in the left-to-right direction 2. A screw 101 is fastened into the first hole 94 when the first extension 88 overlaps the third wall 49a.

The second extension portion 89 extends leftward from the rear side of the plate portion 70. The second extension portion 89 has the same dimensions as the first extension portion 88 in the left-right direction 2 and the front-to-back direction 3. A second hole 95 penetrates the second extension portion 89 in the up-down direction 1 at a position central in the front-to-back direction 3 and toward the left in the left-to-right direction 2. A screw 101 is fastened into the second hole 95 when the second extension portion 89 overlaps the third wall 49a.

The third extension 90 extends to the right from the front side of the plate portion 70. A third hole 96 penetrates the third extension 90 in the up-down direction 1 at a position that is central in the front-to-rear direction 3 and toward the right in the left-right direction 2. A screw 101 is fastened into the third hole 96 when the third extension 90 overlaps with the third wall 49b. The third extension 90 has a symmetrical shape to the first extension 88 with respect to the center of the plate portion 70 in the left-right direction 2.

The fourth extension 91 extends to the right from the rear of the plate 70. The fourth extension 91 has the same dimensions as the third extension 90 in the left-right direction 2 and the front-rear direction 3. A fourth hole 97 penetrates the fourth extension 91 in the up-down direction 1 at a position central in the front-rear direction 3 and to the right in the left-right direction 2. The fourth extension 91 has a symmetrical shape to the second extension 89 with respect to the center of the plate 70 in the left-right direction 2. A screw 101 is fastened into the fourth hole 97 when the fourth extension 91 overlaps the third wall 49b. The side portions 73 extend upward from the front and rear ends of the plate 70.

The first claw portion 80 is located at the center of the plate portion 70 in the front-rear direction 3 and at the left end. The first claw portion 80 is freely swingable relative to the plate portion 70. The first claw portion 80 has a first support 104 and a first contact piece 105. The first support 104 extends upward from the upper surface (an example of a main surface) 74 of the plate portion 70 facing upward, while inclining to the left. The first contact piece 105 extends upward from the upper end 106 of the first support 104, while inclining to the right. The first contact piece 105 has a first protrusion 107 that protrudes leftward from the upper end 106 of the first support 104 in the left-right direction 2. The first protrusion 107 is along the first contact piece 105. When the base metal fitting 23 is located between the first runner 37a and the second runner 37b, the first protrusion 107 abuts against the second wall 48a (see FIG. 2).

The second claw portion 81 is located at the center of the front-rear direction 3 and at the right end of the plate portion 70. The second claw portion 81 is freely swingable relative to the plate portion 70. The second claw portion 81 has a second support 110 and a second contact piece 111. The second support 110 extends upward from the upper surface 74 while inclining to the right. In other words, the first support 104 and the second support 110 move away from each other in the left-right direction 2 as they extend upward from the upper surface 74. The second contact piece 111 extends upward from the upper end 112 of the second support 110 while inclining to the left. In other words, the first support 104 and the second support 110 move closer to each other in the left-right direction 2 as they extend upward from the upper surface 74. The second contact piece 111 has a second protruding piece 113 that protrudes to the right of the upper end 112 of the second support 110 in the left-right direction 2. The second protrusion 113 is aligned with the second contact piece 111. When the base metal fitting 23 is positioned between the first runner 37a and the second runner 37b, the second protrusion 113 abuts against the second wall 48b.

2 and 6, the dimension D3 between the base end 115 of the first claw portion 80 and the base end 116 of the second claw portion 81 on the upper surface 74 is smaller than the dimension (equal to D2) in the left-right direction 2 between the second wall 48a of the first runner 37a and the second wall 48b of the second runner 37b. Also, before the first claw portion 80 and the second claw portion 81 are fitted between the second wall 48a of the first runner 37a and the second runner 37b, the dimension D4 between the left end 118 of the first protrusion 107 and the right end 119 of the second protrusion 113 is larger than the dimension (equal to D2) in the left-right direction 2 between the second wall 48a of the first runner 37a and the second wall 48b of the second runner 37b.

[Ceiling base construction method]
A method of constructing a ceiling foundation using the foundation metal fittings 23 will be described below with reference to Figures 7 to 9. In the method of constructing a ceiling foundation, first, as shown in Figure 7(a), the first runner 37a is fixed to the left beam surface 30 of the beam 14 with the screw 20. Next, as shown in Figure 7(b), the right end 59 of the first siding 21 is fitted into the first runner 37a. At this time, the right end 59 of the first siding 21 fitted into the first runner 37a abuts against the second wall 48a. The first siding 21 has a longitudinal direction in the left-right direction 2 intersecting with the beam 14.

As shown in FIG. 8(a), the second runner 37b is fixed to the right beam surface 31 of the beam 14 with a screw 20. As shown in FIG. 8(b), the left end 64 of the second sill 22 is fitted into the second runner 37b. At this time, the left end 64 of the second sill 22 fitted into the second runner 37b abuts against the second wall 48b. The second sill 22 is located opposite the first sill 21 with the beam 14 in between, with the left-right direction 2 being the longitudinal direction.

As shown in FIG. 9(a), the base metal fitting 23 is installed between the first runner 37a and the second runner 37b from below. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 9(b), the first claw portion 80 and the second claw portion 81 are fitted between the first runner 37a and the second runner 37b, and the base metal fitting 23 is held between the first runner 37a and the second runner 37b by the first contact piece 105 and the second contact piece 111. In this state, the screws 101 are fastened to the first hole 94, the second hole 95, the third hole 96, and the fourth hole 97, respectively, and the base metal fitting 23 is fixed to the first runner 37a and the second runner 37b, and the ceiling board 17 is fixed to the lower surface 75 of the plate portion 70 facing downward by the screws 18 (see FIG. 2).

The ceiling surface 25 can be adjusted in the vertical direction 1 by adjusting the fixed positions of the first runner 37a and the second runner 37b relative to the beam 14 in the vertical direction 1.

[Effects of the embodiment]
The base metal fitting 23 is clamped between the first runner 37a and the second runner 37b, which face each other with the first claw portion 80 and the second claw portion 81 sandwiching the beam 14 between them. During construction, a worker can easily attach the base metal fitting 23 by fastening it to the first runner 37a and the second runner 37b with screws 101 without supporting it. Therefore, in order to enable adjustment of the position of the ceiling surface 25, the ceiling base structure 15 can be formed without placing a wooden base between the board portion 70 and the beam underside 29.

In this embodiment, the plate portion 70 is fixed to the first runner 37a and the second runner 37b with screws 101, thereby forming a strong ceiling base.

In this embodiment, even if the first runner 37a and the second runner 37b are positioned without any gap between them and the beam 14, there is space between the beam underside 29 and the base metal fittings 23, so the ceiling surface 25 can be moved in the vertical direction 1 to adjust the ceiling height.

In this embodiment, space is secured between the plate portion 70 and the underside of the beam 29, allowing the ceiling height to be increased.

[Modification]
In the above embodiment, the base metal fitting 23 is fixed to the first sill 21 and the second sill 22 by the screws 101, but this is not limiting. The base metal fitting 23 may be fixed to the third wall 49a of the first runner 37a and the third wall 49b of the second runner 37b by an adhesive.

In the above embodiment, the plate portion 70 has the first extension portion 88, the second extension portion 89, the third extension portion 90, and the fourth extension portion 91, but this configuration is not limited to the above. The plate portion 70 only needs to be able to connect the first furring strip 21 and the second furring strip 22, and may be fixed to the first runner 37a and the second runner 37b at one location each.

In the above embodiment, the building 10 is described as being two stories tall, but this is not limiting. The building 10 may be one story tall, or may be three or more stories tall.

In the above embodiment, the beam 14 is made of wood, but this is not the only possible configuration. The beam 14 may be made of steel, such as H-shaped steel or I-shaped steel.

In the above embodiment, the plate portion 70 has a flat plate shape, but the present invention is not limited to this configuration. The plate portion 70 may have a groove on the upper surface 74 for the purpose of increasing the buckling strength. The groove may extend along the left-right direction 2, for example.

[Claim 1]
A first base material connected to the beam and extending in a first direction along the beam;
a second base material that faces the first base material across the beam and extends in the first direction;
A ceiling base structure comprising a base metal fitting located between the first base material and the second base material below the beam,
The above base metal fittings are
A plate portion having a flat plate shape;
a first claw portion and a second claw portion extending from a main surface of the plate portion and spaced apart in a second direction intersecting the first direction,
the first claw portion and the second claw portion are in contact with the first base material and the second base material, respectively, between the first base material and the second base material, and are elastically deformed in a direction approaching each other,
The plate portion is a ceiling base structure in which the plate portion abuts the undersides of the first base material and the second base material.

[Claim 2]
The ceiling substructure according to claim 1 , wherein the plate portion is fastened to the first substructure and the second substructure by fasteners.

[Claim 3]
A ceiling substructure as described in claim 1 or 2, wherein the first substructure and the second substructure are in contact with the beam, and a portion of the first substructure and a portion of the second substructure are each located above the lower end of the beam.

[Claim 4]
3. A ceiling substructure as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the plate portion and the beam are spaced apart in the vertical direction.

[Claim 5]
The ceiling base structure according to claim 4, further comprising a ceiling board fixed to the plate portion.

14: Beam 15: Ceiling base structure 17: Ceiling board 23: Base metal fittings 29: Beam underside (lower end of beam)
37a...First runner (first base material)
37b...Second runner (second base material)
49a...Third wall (lower surface of first base material)
49b...Third wall (lower surface of second base material)
70: Plate portion 74: Upper surface (main surface)
80: First claw portion 81: Second claw portion 101: Screw (fastener)

Claims (5)

A first base material connected to the beam and extending in a first direction along the beam;
a second base material that faces the first base material across the beam and extends in the first direction;
A ceiling base structure comprising a base metal fitting located between the first base material and the second base material below the beam,
The above base metal fittings are
A plate portion having a flat plate shape;
a first claw portion and a second claw portion extending from a main surface of the plate portion and spaced apart in a second direction intersecting the first direction,
the first claw portion and the second claw portion are in contact with the first base material and the second base material, respectively, between the first base material and the second base material, and are elastically deformed in a direction approaching each other,
The plate portion is a ceiling base structure in which the plate portion abuts the undersides of the first base material and the second base material. The ceiling substructure of claim 1, wherein the plate portion is fastened to the first substructure and the second substructure by fasteners. The ceiling substructure according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the first substructure and the second substructure are in contact with the beam, and a portion of the first substructure and a portion of the second substructure are each located above the lower end of the beam. The ceiling substructure according to claim 1 or 2, in which the plate portion and the beam are spaced apart in the vertical direction. The ceiling base structure according to claim 4, further comprising a ceiling board fixed to the plate portion.

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