JP2024055434A - Unit frame building structure - Google Patents

Abstract

[Problem] To provide an architectural structure that allows a building to be economically constructed using unit frames with fewer materials and that also reduces the labor required for construction. [Solution] In an architectural structure in which a box-shaped unit frame 1 is formed by joining columns 11 at the corners to floor beams 12 at the bottom and ceiling beams 13 at the top, and the columns 11 are joined in the vertical direction to fix the unit frames arranged on each floor, the unit frames 1 are arranged in a staggered pattern with a diagonal shift for each floor, the column 11 located on one side of the unit frame 1 on the lower floor is joined to the column 11 located on the other side of the unit frame 1 on the upper floor, a floor base 2 is placed on the foundation beams 3c or the ceiling beams 13 of the unit frame 1 on the lower floor, and the level of the floor surface on the floor beams 12 of the unit frame 1 on each floor is aligned with the level of the floor surface on the floor base 2. [Selected drawing] Figure 4

Description

This invention relates to an architectural structure that combines box-shaped unit frames.

In the following Patent Document 1, the applicant proposes a unit building as shown in Figures 7 and 8. This unit building is produced by joining container-type units 51 with columns 52 and beams 53 to form a frame, and a number of units 51 are stacked and placed next to each other, and the units 51 are connected to each other to construct a building.

In this unit building, the columns 52 of the units 51 are made of square steel pipes, and connecting shafts 54 made of prestressed concrete steel rods or wires are inserted into the columns 52 from the top floor to the bottom floor of the unit 51. The tip of the connecting shaft 54 is secured to the bottom of the building, and then a nut 55 is tightened onto the connecting shaft 54 at the top of the building to connect the upper and lower units 51.

The heads of the columns 52 of the units 51 on the lower floor and the legs of the columns 52 of the units 51 on the upper floor are connected via joints 56, and adjacent columns 52 of multiple units 51 are also connected via joints 56 of corresponding shapes.

Furthermore, in the following Patent Document 2, the applicant has proposed a technology to fill the gap at the connection of the upper and lower columns 52, as shown in Figure 9, so that the axial force is transmitted as designed.

In this method, joint bags 57 filled with a fluid solidification material that hardens over time are prepared in advance, a joint frame material 58 is attached to the top of the lower floor's column 52, the joint bag 57 containing the fluid solidification material is laid on the end plate 59 at the top of the lower floor's column 52, the upper floor's column 52 is placed on the joint bag 57, and the solidification material inside the joint bag 57 is allowed to harden while the joint bag 57 is deformed by the load from the upper floor.

In a modular building using this technology, as shown in Figures 7 and 8, the units 51 placed on each floor can be stacked side by side with no gaps, allowing for stable construction of high-rise buildings. Construction can be completed in a short period of time, and relocation can be easily performed, making the building suitable for use as a temporary building for reconstruction bases following large-scale disasters or for long-term development projects.

Japanese Patent No. 5707418 Japanese Patent No. 6501666

However, in the above-mentioned unit building, in the area where the units 51 are adjacent to each other, two columns 52 are adjacent to each other in both of the two directions that are perpendicular to each other in the plane (X direction and Y direction shown in Figure 7), and there are many connections between the columns 52 on the lower floor and the upper floor. In addition, there are double beams 53 connecting the columns 52 on the ceiling side of the lower floor unit 51 and beams 53 connecting the columns 52 on the floor side of the upper floor. This creates problems of being uneconomical and time-consuming to construct.

Therefore, the objective of this invention is to provide an architectural structure that allows a building to be economically constructed using unit frames with fewer materials and that also reduces the amount of work required for construction.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides an architectural structure in which corner columns, lower floor beams, and upper ceiling beams are joined to form a box-shaped unit frame, and the columns are joined in the vertical direction to fix the unit frames arranged on each floor,
The unit frames are arranged in a staggered pattern with a diagonal shift for each floor, and a column located on one side of the unit frame of a lower floor is joined to a column located on the other side of the unit frame of an upper floor,
A level-adjusting floor platform is placed on the foundation beams underground or the ceiling beams of the unit frame on the lower floor, and the level of the floor surface on the floor beams of the unit frame on each floor is adjusted to match the level of the floor surface on the floor platform.

In addition, the column is a steel pipe having a cross-sectional shape that forms a closed cross section, and a connecting shaft made of a steel rod or PC steel wire extending in the vertical direction is inserted into the inside of the column,
The unit frame of the lower floor and the unit frame of the upper floor are fixed in a connected state by applying prestress via the connecting shaft.

In addition, the connecting shafts inserted into the columns of the unit frames on the upper and lower floors are discontinuous for each floor and are connected via couplers.

In addition, the head of the column of the unit frame of the lower floor and the foot of the column of the unit frame of the upper floor are surrounded by a band plate, thereby suppressing lateral displacement of the unit frames of the upper and lower floors due to horizontal forces,
Filler material was placed between the joints of the upper and lower floor columns to allow vertical axial force to be transmitted from the upper floor columns to the lower floor columns.

In the unit frame architectural structure of this invention, the unit frames are arranged in a staggered pattern, offset diagonally for each floor, so that a column on one side of the unit frame of a lower floor is joined to a column on the other side of the unit frame of an upper floor. This results in a configuration in which columns are spaced apart, one at a time, in either direction on the building floor plan, and the number of connections between columns on lower and upper floors is reduced compared to conventional structures.

In addition, the ceiling surface and floor slab surface can be made single without having to overlap the ceiling beams of the unit frame on the lower floor and the floor beams of the unit frame on the upper floor, reducing the number of places where small beams and horizontal braces are required.

This eliminates the need for excessive overlapping of structural materials in unit frames, allowing buildings to be constructed economically using fewer materials and reducing construction work.

Although there is a level difference between the floor beams that support the flooring inside the unit frame and the foundation beams or ceiling beams of the lower floor that support the flooring in the space between the unit frames, the floor levels are adjusted by placing a level-adjusting floor platform on the foundation beams or ceiling beams of the lower floor, so there is no impact on the floor surface of the living room.

A framework diagram showing the structural frame in the girder direction of a building to which the unit frame architectural structure according to the present invention is applied. A frame diagram showing the structural frame in the span direction of the above 1A and 1B are perspective views showing the unit frame and the bed base of the same. FIG. 1 is a partial perspective view showing the structural frame of the unit frame and the floor base of the above-mentioned (a) A vertical section and A-A cross section of the joint of the column on the middle floor, (b) a vertical section of the joint between the foot and base of the column on the bottom floor and the head of the column on the top floor, and (c) a vertical section similar to (b) of the part where the unit frames are adjacent. 1A and 1B are diagrams showing the structural frame in the girder direction and the span direction of the roof of the same structure, respectively. A perspective view showing a modular building described in Patent Document 1. A frame diagram showing the structural frame in the X direction of the above FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a joint part of a column using a joint bag described in Patent Document 2.

The following describes an embodiment of the invention with reference to the attached drawings.

As shown in Figures 1 and 2, this embodiment is a building structural frame made up of box-shaped unit frames 1 assembled in a three-dimensional manner, with the unit frames arranged in a staggered pattern with an oblique shift for each floor, and the floor level of the unit frames 1 and the floor level of the space between the unit frames 1 on each floor are aligned using a floor base 2.

As shown in FIG. 3, the unit frame 1 is formed by joining the corner columns 11 to the floor beams 12 at the bottom and the ceiling beams 13 at the top. These joints are rigid.

The columns 11 are rectangular steel pipes with a closed cross-sectional shape, with their legs protruding downward from the floor beams 12 and their heads protruding upward from the ceiling beams 13. End plates with holes in the center are attached to the upper and lower ends of the columns 11.

The floor beams 12 and ceiling beams 13 are H-shaped steel, each consisting of a main beam 12a, 13a extending in the lengthwise and widthwise directions, and a minor beam 12b, 13b extending across the middle of the main beam in the lengthwise direction. Braces 14 are provided between each section partitioned by the minor beams 12b, 13b.

The bed base 2 is made by joining angle iron pedestals 22 downward to the corners of the floor support frame 21, which is made of angle iron edging material 21a joined in a square shape, and providing a screw-type level adjustment device 23 at the bottom end of the pedestal 22. The plan dimensions of the bed base 2 correspond to the dimensions of each part partitioned by the small beams 12b, 13b of the unit frame 1.

When constructing a building using such unit frames 1 and floor sills 2, as shown in Figures 1, 2 and 4, the unit frame 1 of the lowest floor is placed on the column base 3b rising from the base plate 3a of the foundation leg body 3, and the column base 3b is joined to the column 11, as shown in Figures 1, 2 and 4. Then, the unit frames 1 of each floor are stacked upward in order, and the column 11 on one side of the unit frame 1 of the lower floor is joined to the column 11 on the other side of the unit frame 1 of the upper floor.

The connection between the column base 3b and the column 11 on the lowest floor, and the connection between the columns 11 on the upper and lower floors above that, are each pin joints that do not transmit bending moments.

At the outermost ends of the second and higher floors, where there is no support structure provided by the unit frames 1, an upper floor support frame 4 is provided to support the upper floor. The upper floor support frame 4 includes columns 11 that are placed at the outermost ends of the floors, and floor beams 12 and ceiling beams 13 that connect these.

The column base 3b, the column 11 of the lowest floor, and the columns 11 of each floor stacked above it are connected and fixed in a prestressed state by connecting shafts 5 made of PC steel rods or PC steel wires inserted through holes in the end plates of those columns.

In the space on the lowest floor where there is no unit frame 1, the pedestal 22 of the floor base 2 is placed on the foundation beams 3c in the ground that are placed between the column bases 3b of adjacent foundation legs 3, and in the space on each floor above the second floor where there is no unit frame 1, the pedestal 22 of the floor base 2 is placed on the ceiling beams 13 of the unit frame 1 on the lower floor, and the floor base 2 is fixed to the unit frame 1.

At this time, the level adjustment tool 23 of the floor base 2 is rotated appropriately to align the level of the upper surface of the floor beam 12 of the unit frame 1 on each floor with the level of the upper surface of the floor support frame 21 of the floor base 2. This allows the flooring 6 laid on the upper surface of the floor beam 12 of the unit frame 1 and the upper surface of the floor base 2 to be aligned to the same level.

When cross-laminated timber (CLT) panels are used as the flooring 6, the diagonal braces 14 of the unit frame 1 can be omitted by fastening the floor beams 12 and the flooring 6 together using connecting shafts and adhesives, etc.

In constructing the structural frame described above, to connect the columns 11 of the unit frames 1 on the upper and lower floors to each other, as shown in Figure 5 (a), the head of the column 11 that protrudes above the ceiling beam 13 of the lower floor and the foot of the column 11 that protrudes below the floor beam 12 of the upper floor are surrounded by a band plate 7 around their outer periphery, suppressing lateral displacement of the unit frames 1 on the upper and lower floors due to horizontal forces.

A sealant 8 such as a sponge is attached around the hole through which the connecting shaft 5 passes on the contact surface between the end plates of the lower floor column 11 and the upper floor column 11 to prevent the filler from leaking. Sealant 8 is also placed in the gap between the outer periphery of the head of the lower floor column 11 and the foot of the upper floor column 11 and the inner periphery of the band plate 7 to prevent the filler from leaking.

A filler such as high-strength mortar, epoxy resin, or a viscous mortar that hardens over time is injected between the columns 11 of the upper and lower floors to transmit vertical axial force from the columns 11 of the upper floor to the columns 11 of the lower floor. Note that the filler may be a bag containing a hardening material, such as the joint bag 57 shown in Figure 9.

In addition, if the gap between the end plates of the columns 11 on the upper and lower floors at any of the corners of the unit frame 1 is large, it is a good idea to prepare multiple iron plates of different thicknesses and sandwich the appropriate iron plates between the end plates of the columns 11 on the upper and lower floors as necessary.

This type of connection structure for columns 11 is also applied to the connection between the column 11 on the lowest floor (the first floor) and the column base 3b of the foundation leg 3, as shown in Figure 5(b). Also, while Figures 5(a) and (b) show examples of parts where the unit frames 1 are not adjacent on the same floor, as shown in Figure 5(c), it is also applied to parts where the unit frames 1 are adjacent on the same floor. In this case, the foundation leg 3 and band plate 7 used are those that correspond to the two columns 11.

When connecting and fixing the unit frames 1 on the upper and lower floors, the connecting shaft 5 inserted inside the column base 3b of the foundation leg 3, which is fixed to the ground with an anchor bolt, is engaged with the diaphragm of the column base 3b with a double nut 10 or the like, and the double nut 10 is screwed and tightened into the part that protrudes upward from the hole in the support plate 11b that covers the upper end of the column 11 at the top of the building.

The connecting shaft 5 inserted into the column base 3b and the column 11 of the unit frame 1 on each floor is discontinuous for ease of operation, and is inserted into the sheath 11a inside the column 11 and connected via couplers 9 that screw into each end.

The work of connecting the connecting shafts 5 is carried out sequentially for each layer as the unit frames 1 are stacked. At this time, the coupler 9 is screwed into the top of the connecting shaft 5, which is inserted and fixed into the column base 3b or the column 11 of the lower floor, and with the connecting shaft 5 inserted into the column 11 of the upper floor held in place by a temporary nut, the unit frame 1 of the upper floor is placed on the unit frame 1 of the lower floor, and while loosening the temporary nut, the connecting shaft 5 is screwed from the top end into the coupler 9 below with a screwdriver.

As an example of the roof that can be placed on a structural frame constructed in this way, as shown in Figures 6(a) and (b), a double-folded roofing material 30 can be used, which is made by stacking two corrugated steel deck plates or keystone plates with insulation sandwiched between them.

In addition, when constructing exterior walls, it is a good idea to attach joint covers to the gaps that form between wall panels. In this case, for example, when sand is filled in from the top floor of the building, it expands and adheres closely to the side edges of adjacent wall panels, and when the building is demolished and removed, it is best to use a joint cover that allows the sand to be removed from the bottom (not shown).

In the architectural structure described above, the unit frames 1 are arranged in a staggered pattern, shifted diagonally for each floor, so that the column 11 on one side of the unit frame 1 on the lower floor is joined to the column 11 on the other side of the unit frame 1 on the upper floor. This results in a configuration in which the columns 11 are spaced apart, one at a time, in either direction on the building plane, and the number of connections between the columns 11 on the lower and upper floors is reduced compared to conventional structures.

In addition, the ceiling beams 13 of the unit frame 1 on the lower floor and the floor beams 12 of the unit frame 1 on the upper floor are not doubled, and the ceiling surface and the floor slab surface can be made single, reducing the number of places where small beams and horizontal braces are required.

This eliminates excessive overlap of structural materials in the unit frame 1, allowing buildings to be constructed economically using fewer materials and reducing construction work.

In addition, a level difference occurs between the floor beams 12 that support the floor material 6 inside the unit frame 1 and the foundation beams 3c or the ceiling beams 13 of the lower floor that support the floor material 6 in the space sandwiched between the unit frames 1. However, the floor levels are adjusted by placing a level-adjusting floor platform 2 on the foundation beams 3c or the ceiling beams 13 of the lower floor, so there is no impact on the floor surface of the living room.

1 unit frame 2 floor base 3 foundation leg body 3a base plate 3b column base 3c foundation beam 4 upper floor support frame 5 connecting shaft 6 floor material 7 band plate 8 sealing material 9 coupler 10 nut 11 column 11a sheath 11b bearing plate 12 floor beam 12a main beam 12b small beam 13 ceiling beam 13a main beam 13b small beam 14 diagonal brace 21 floor support frame 21a edge material 22 pedestal 23 level adjustment tool 30 roof material 51 unit 52 column 53 beam 54 connecting shaft 55 nut 56 joint tool 57 joint bag 58 joint frame material 59 end plate

Claims (4)

In an architectural structure in which corner columns (11), floor beams (12) at the bottom, and ceiling beams (13) at the top are joined to form a box-shaped unit frame (1), and the columns (11) are joined in the vertical direction to fix the unit frames (1) arranged on each floor,
The unit frames (1) are arranged in a staggered pattern with a diagonal shift for each floor, and a column (11) located on one side of the unit frame (1) of a lower floor is joined to a column (11) located on the other side of the unit frame (1) of an upper floor,
An architectural structure using unit frames, characterized in that a level-adjusting floor platform (2) is placed on the foundation beams (3c) underground or the ceiling beams (13) of the unit frames (1) on the lower floor, so that the level of the floor surface on the floor beams (12) of the unit frames (1) on each floor is adjusted to the same level as the floor surface on the floor platform (2). The column (11) is a steel pipe having a cross-sectional shape that forms a closed cross section, and a connecting shaft (5) made of a steel rod or PC steel wire extending in the vertical direction is inserted into the inside of the column (11),
2. The building structure using unit frames according to claim 1, characterized in that the unit frames (1) of the lower floor and the unit frames (1) of the upper floor are fixed in a connected state by applying prestress through the connecting shafts (5). The building structure using unit frames according to claim 2, characterized in that the connecting shafts (5) inserted into the columns (11) of the unit frames (1) of the upper and lower floors are discontinuous for each floor and connected via couplers (9). The heads of the columns (11) of the unit frames (1) of the lower floor and the legs of the columns (11) of the unit frames (1) of the upper floor are surrounded by band plates (7) on their outer peripheries, thereby suppressing lateral displacement of the unit frames (1) of the upper and lower floors due to horizontal forces,
4. An architectural structure using unit frames as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that a filler is interposed between the columns (11) of the upper and lower floors to be joined, so that a vertical axial force is transmitted from the columns (11) of the upper floor to the columns (11) of the lower floor.

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