JP2024043746A - Spray hydraulic composition - Google Patents
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- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 140
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 87
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 239000002734 clay mineral Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- -1 iron ions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 27
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 20
- 239000011398 Portland cement Substances 0.000 description 15
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 description 12
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 9
- DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H aluminium sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Al+3].[Al+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 7
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 6
- XFWJKVMFIVXPKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;oxido(oxo)alumane Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][Al]=O.[O-][Al]=O XFWJKVMFIVXPKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000011378 shotcrete Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000008399 tap water Substances 0.000 description 5
- 235000020679 tap water Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 239000012615 aggregate Substances 0.000 description 4
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 description 4
- GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N dialuminum;dioxosilane;oxygen(2-);hydrate Chemical compound O.[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3].O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Fe](Cl)Cl RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052901 montmorillonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910000271 hectorite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- KWLMIXQRALPRBC-UHFFFAOYSA-L hectorite Chemical compound [Li+].[OH-].[OH-].[Na+].[Mg+2].O1[Si]2([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O[Si]([O-])(O1)O[Si]1([O-])O2 KWLMIXQRALPRBC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910000275 saponite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910021487 silica fume Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 3
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910000863 Ferronickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910021578 Iron(III) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Al](Cl)Cl VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- ANBBXQWFNXMHLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;sodium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Na+].[Al+3] ANBBXQWFNXMHLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- GRLPQNLYRHEGIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-J potassium aluminium sulfate Chemical compound [Al+3].[K+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O GRLPQNLYRHEGIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 2
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910021647 smectite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910001388 sodium aluminate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000032258 transport Effects 0.000 description 2
- NTMYVTSWQJFCPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2-tert-butylpyrimidin-5-yl)oxy-ethoxy-propan-2-yloxy-sulfanylidene-$l^{5}-phosphane;[cyano-(4-fluoro-3-phenoxyphenyl)methyl] 3-(2,2-dichloroethenyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropane-1-carboxylate Chemical compound CCOP(=S)(OC(C)C)OC1=CN=C(C(C)(C)C)N=C1.CC1(C)C(C=C(Cl)Cl)C1C(=O)OC(C#N)C1=CC=C(F)C(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 NTMYVTSWQJFCPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WXHLLJAMBQLULT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[[6-[4-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazin-1-yl]-2-methylpyrimidin-4-yl]amino]-n-(2-methyl-6-sulfanylphenyl)-1,3-thiazole-5-carboxamide;hydrate Chemical compound O.C=1C(N2CCN(CCO)CC2)=NC(C)=NC=1NC(S1)=NC=C1C(=O)NC1=C(C)C=CC=C1S WXHLLJAMBQLULT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019738 Limestone Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940037003 alum Drugs 0.000 description 1
- AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane Chemical class [AlH3] AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Al+3] WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 235000011126 aluminium potassium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- WPUINVXKIPAAHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;potassium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[K+] WPUINVXKIPAAHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LCPUDZUWZDSKMX-UHFFFAOYSA-K azane;hydrogen sulfate;iron(3+);sulfate;dodecahydrate Chemical compound [NH4+].O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.[Fe+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O LCPUDZUWZDSKMX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- UMEAURNTRYCPNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N azane;iron(2+) Chemical compound N.[Fe+2] UMEAURNTRYCPNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001451 bismuth ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011400 blast furnace cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- VNSBYDPZHCQWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;aluminum;dioxido(oxo)silane;sodium;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na].[Al].[Ca+2].[O-][Si]([O-])=O VNSBYDPZHCQWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001430 chromium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004737 colorimetric analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006253 efflorescence Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004088 foaming agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052733 gallium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001449 indium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004898 kneading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000006028 limestone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000010534 mechanism of action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052618 mica group Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229930014626 natural product Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 229910000273 nontronite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229940050271 potassium alum Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003449 preventive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 206010037844 rash Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000005871 repellent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002940 repellent Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007665 sagging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004760 silicates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052716 thallium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000008719 thickening Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004078 waterproofing Methods 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
Abstract
Description
本発明は、吹付用水硬性組成物及び吹付用水硬性組成物を用いた湿式吹付工法に関する。 The present invention relates to a hydraulic composition for spray application and a wet spraying method using the hydraulic composition for spray application.
トンネル掘削等露出した地山の崩落を防止するために、急結剤をコンクリートに配合した急結性コンクリートを用いた吹付工法が行われている。この工法のうち、湿式吹付工法と呼ばれるものは、通常、掘削工事現場に設置した、セメント、骨材及び水の計量混合プラントで吹付コンクリートを調製し、それをアジテータ車で運搬・吹付け機に移送する。コンクリートと粉末急結剤の混合は、吹付け機のポンプでコンクリートを吐出口まで空気圧送するラインと、その途中に設けた合流管で粉末急結剤を他方から空気圧送するラインとで合流混合し、急結性吹付コンクリートとして地山面に所定の厚みになるまで吹き付ける工法である。 In order to prevent the collapse of exposed ground during tunnel excavation, a spraying method is used that uses quick-setting concrete containing a quick-setting agent. Among these construction methods, the so-called wet spraying method usually prepares shotcrete in a metering and mixing plant for cement, aggregate, and water installed at the excavation site, and then transports it using an agitator vehicle and sends it to the spraying machine. Transport. Concrete and powder quick-setting agent are mixed using a line that air-feeds the concrete to the discharge port using the pump of the spraying machine, and a line that air-feeds the powder quick-setting agent from the other side through a confluence pipe installed in the middle. This is a construction method in which quick-setting shotcrete is sprayed onto the ground surface until it reaches a predetermined thickness.
特許文献１には、セメント、ベントナイト、細骨材及び水を組成とする配合物からなる吹付けコンクリートにおいて、ベントナイト質量のセメント質量に対する比率を２０質量％以下とする、ベントナイト配合吹付けコンクリートが開示されている。そして、このベントナイト配合吹付けコンクリートが、粉塵発生を押さえ、吹き付け時のリバウンドを減少させることが開示されている。
特許文献２には、粘土鉱物とアルミニウム含有物質を含有してなるスランプ低減用吹付混和剤が開示されている。そして、このスランプ低減用吹付混和剤が、吹付時のセメントコンクリートのスランプを大幅に低減し、ダレを防止でき、コテ仕上げを行うのに適度な硬さに調整できることが開示されている。
特許文献３には、（Ａ）膨潤度が１５ｍＬ／２ｇ以上５０ｍＬ／２ｇ以下の粘土鉱物と、（Ｂ）セメント鉱物系急結剤及びアルミニウム系急結剤から選ばれる１種以上の急結剤とを含む、吹付用水硬性組成物用添加剤が開示されている。
Patent Document 1 discloses shotcrete containing bentonite, in which the ratio of bentonite mass to cement mass is 20% by mass or less in shotcrete made of a composition of cement, bentonite, fine aggregate, and water. has been done. It is also disclosed that this bentonite-containing shotcrete suppresses dust generation and reduces rebound during spraying.
Patent Document 2 discloses a slump-reducing spray admixture containing a clay mineral and an aluminum-containing substance. It is also disclosed that this slump-reducing spray admixture can significantly reduce the slump of cement concrete during spraying, prevent sagging, and adjust the hardness to an appropriate level for trowel finishing.
Patent Document 3 describes (A) a clay mineral having a swelling degree of 15 mL/2 g or more and 50 mL/2 g or less, and (B) one or more quick-setting agents selected from a cement mineral quick-setting agent and an aluminum-based quick-setting agent. An additive for a sprayable hydraulic composition is disclosed.
吹付用水硬性組成物を対象物に吹付けたときに該組成物が吹付部位から広がると、吹付用水硬性組成物の積層に時間がかかり、作業効率が低下するおそれがある。
本発明は、吹付用水硬性組成物を吹付けたときに、該組成物の吹付け部位からの広がりを抑制し、吹付け作業の生産性を向上する吹付用水硬性組成物及び湿式吹付工法を提供する。
When the spraying hydraulic composition is sprayed onto an object, if the composition spreads from the sprayed area, it takes time to layer the spraying hydraulic composition, which may reduce work efficiency.
The present invention provides a hydraulic composition for spraying and a wet spraying method that suppresses the spread of the composition from the spraying site when spraying the composition and improves the productivity of spraying work. do.
本発明は、水硬性粉体と、粘土鉱物と、三価の金属イオンを６０ｐｐｍ以上７５０ｐｐｍ以下含む水と、を配合してなる、吹付用水硬性組成物に関する。 The present invention relates to a hydraulic composition for spray application, which is a mixture of hydraulic powder, clay minerals, and water containing 60 ppm to 750 ppm of trivalent metal ions.
また、本発明は、水硬性粉体と、粘土鉱物と、三価の金属イオンを６０ｐｐｍ以上７５０ｐｐｍ以下含む水とを混合してなる吹付用水硬性組成物を、対象物に吹き付ける、湿式吹付工法に関する。 Further, the present invention relates to a wet spraying method in which a spraying hydraulic composition prepared by mixing hydraulic powder, clay mineral, and water containing trivalent metal ions in an amount of 60 ppm or more and 750 ppm or less is sprayed onto an object. .
本発明によれば、吹付用水硬性組成物を吹付けたときに、該組成物の吹付け部位からの広がりを抑制し、吹付け作業の生産性が向上する吹付用水硬性組成物及び湿式吹付工法が提供される。 According to the present invention, a hydraulic composition for spraying and a wet spraying method suppress the spread of the composition from the spraying site when the spraying hydraulic composition is sprayed, and improve the productivity of spraying work. is provided.
本発明の吹付用水硬性組成物が、該組成物の吹付け部位からの広がりを抑制できる理由は必ずしも定かではないが以下のように推察される。
一般的に多価金属イオンは粘土鉱物を凝集させて増粘効果を低下させるため、吹付けられた水硬性組成物は薄く広がりやすくなると考えられる。本発明では、三価金属イオンを予め特定濃度で水硬性組成物に練り込んでおくことで、水硬性粉体と粘土鉱物が強く相互作用し、吹付用水硬性組成物のまとまりを増加させ、当該吹付用水硬性組成物を対象物に吹付けたときに、該組成物の吹付け部位からの広がりを抑制していると推察される。一方、三価金属イオンの濃度が高くなりすぎると粘土鉱物が凝集し、この広がりを抑制する効果が低下し、水硬性組成物の吹付け部位における広がりが大きくなると推察される。
なお、本発明の吹付用水硬性組成物及び湿式吹付工法は、上記の作用機構になんら制限されるものではない。
The reason why the sprayable hydraulic composition of the present invention is able to suppress the spreading of the composition from the sprayed site is not entirely clear, but is presumed to be as follows.
Generally, polyvalent metal ions aggregate clay minerals and reduce the thickening effect, so that the sprayed hydraulic composition is likely to spread thinly. In the present invention, it is presumed that by kneading trivalent metal ions into the hydraulic composition in advance at a specific concentration, the hydraulic powder and clay minerals strongly interact with each other, increasing the cohesion of the spray hydraulic composition, and suppressing the spread of the spray hydraulic composition from the sprayed area when the spray hydraulic composition is sprayed on an object. On the other hand, it is presumed that if the concentration of trivalent metal ions becomes too high, the clay minerals aggregate, reducing the effect of suppressing the spread, and the hydraulic composition spreads more at the sprayed area.
The hydraulic composition for spraying and the wet spraying method of the present invention are not limited to the above-mentioned mechanism of action.
＜吹付用水硬性組成物＞
本発明の吹付用水硬性組成物は、水硬性粉体と、粘土鉱物と、三価の金属イオンを６０ｐｐｍ以上７５０ｐｐｍ以下含む水と、を配合してなる。以下、特に断りがないかぎり、本発明の吹付用水硬性組成物の配合成分として記載される水は、三価の金属イオンを６０ｐｐｍ以上７５０ｐｐｍ以下含む水である。
また、本発明の吹付用水硬性組成物に含まれる各成分の含有量に関する規定は、該水硬性組成物における各成分の配合量と置き換えて適用することができる。
<Hydraulic composition for spraying>
The spray hydraulic composition of the present invention is a mixture of hydraulic powder, clay mineral, and water containing 60 ppm to 750 ppm of trivalent metal ions. Unless otherwise specified, the water described as a compounding component of the spray hydraulic composition of the present invention is water containing 60 ppm to 750 ppm of trivalent metal ions.
Furthermore, the provisions regarding the contents of each component contained in the hydraulic composition for spraying of the present invention can be applied by replacing them with the blending amounts of each component in the hydraulic composition.
本発明の吹付用水硬性組成物に使用される水硬性粉体としては、水と混合することで硬化する粉体であり、例えば、普通ポルトランドセメント、早強ポルトランドセメント、超早強ポルトランドセメント、耐硫酸塩ポルトランドセメント、低熱ポルトランドセメント、中庸熱ポルトランドセメント、白色ポルトランドセメント、エコセメント（例えばＪＩＳ Ｒ５２１４等）が挙げられる。これらの中でも、吹付用水硬性組成物の広がりの観点から、早強ポルトランドセメント、普通ポルトランドセメント、耐硫酸性ポルトランドセメント及び白色ポルトランドセメントから選ばれるセメントが好ましく、早強ポルトランドセメント、普通ポルトランドセメントがより好ましい。 The hydraulic powder used in the spray hydraulic composition of the present invention is a powder that hardens when mixed with water, and examples thereof include ordinary Portland cement, high-early-strength Portland cement, ultra-high-early-strength Portland cement, sulfate-resistant Portland cement, low-heat Portland cement, moderate-heat Portland cement, white Portland cement, and ecocement (e.g., JIS R5214, etc.). Among these, from the viewpoint of the spread of the spray hydraulic composition, cement selected from early-early-strength Portland cement, ordinary Portland cement, sulfate-resistant Portland cement, and white Portland cement is preferred, and early-early-strength Portland cement and ordinary Portland cement are more preferred.
また、水硬性粉体には、高炉スラグ、フライアッシュ、シリカヒューム、無水石膏等が含まれてよく、また、非水硬性の石灰石微粉末等が含まれていてもよい。水硬性粉体として、セメントと高炉スラグ、フライアッシュ、シリカヒューム等とが混合された高炉セメントやフライアッシュセメント、シリカヒュームセメントを用いてもよい。 The hydraulic powder may include blast furnace slag, fly ash, silica fume, anhydrous gypsum, etc., and may also include non-hydraulic limestone fine powder. As the hydraulic powder, blast furnace cement, fly ash cement, or silica fume cement, which is a mixture of cement with blast furnace slag, fly ash, silica fume, etc., may also be used.
本発明の吹付用水硬性組成物は、骨材を含有することが好ましい。骨材としては、細骨材及び粗骨材から選ばれる骨材が挙げられる。骨材は細骨材が含まれることが好ましい。細骨材として、ＪＩＳ Ａ０２０３－２０１４中の番号２３１１で規定されるものが挙げられる。細骨材としては、川砂、陸砂、山砂、海砂、石灰砂、珪砂及びこれらの砕砂、高炉スラグ細骨材、フェロニッケルスラグ細骨材、軽量細骨材（人工及び天然）及び再生細骨材等が挙げられる。また、粗骨材として、ＪＩＳ Ａ０２０３－２０１４中の番号２３１２で規定されるものが挙げられる。例えば粗骨材としては、川砂利、陸砂利、山砂利、海砂利、石灰砂利、これらの砕石、高炉スラグ粗骨材、フェロニッケルスラグ粗骨材、軽量粗骨材（人工及び天然）及び再生粗骨材等が挙げられる。細骨材、粗骨材は種類の違うものを混合して使用しても良く、単一の種類のものを使用しても良い。
本発明の吹付用水硬性組成物は、骨材として細骨材を含有することが好ましい。本発明の吹付用水硬性組成物での細骨材の使用量は、好ましくは８００ｋｇ／ｍ３以上、より好ましくは９００ｋｇ／ｍ３以上、そして、好ましくは１３００ｋｇ／ｍ３以下、より好ましくは１２００ｋｇ／ｍ３以下である。
本発明の吹付用水硬性組成物では、細骨材率が好ましくは３５％以上、より好ましくは４５％以上、そして、好ましくは７０％以下、より好ましくは６５％以下である。ここで細骨材率は、全骨材中の細骨材の容積含有率である。
The spraying hydraulic composition of the present invention preferably contains aggregate. Examples of the aggregate include aggregates selected from fine aggregates and coarse aggregates. The aggregate preferably includes fine aggregate. Examples of fine aggregate include those specified by number 2311 in JIS A0203-2014. Fine aggregates include river sand, land sand, mountain sand, sea sand, lime sand, silica sand, and their crushed sand, blast furnace slag fine aggregate, ferronickel slag fine aggregate, lightweight fine aggregate (artificial and natural), and recycled Examples include fine aggregate. Further, examples of coarse aggregate include those specified by number 2312 in JIS A0203-2014. For example, coarse aggregates include river gravel, land gravel, mountain gravel, sea gravel, lime gravel, crushed stones thereof, blast furnace slag coarse aggregate, ferronickel slag coarse aggregate, lightweight coarse aggregate (artificial and natural), and recycled Examples include coarse aggregate. Different types of fine aggregate and coarse aggregate may be used in combination, or a single type may be used.
The spraying hydraulic composition of the present invention preferably contains fine aggregate as the aggregate. The amount of fine aggregate used in the sprayable hydraulic composition of the present invention is preferably 800 kg/m 3 or more, more preferably 900 kg/m 3 or more, and preferably 1300 kg/m 3 or less, more preferably 1200 kg/m 3 or more. m 3 or less.
In the sprayable hydraulic composition of the present invention, the fine aggregate ratio is preferably 35% or more, more preferably 45% or more, and preferably 70% or less, more preferably 65% or less. Here, the fine aggregate ratio is the volume content of fine aggregate in the total aggregate.
本発明の吹付用水硬性組成物は、水／水硬性粉体比（Ｗ／Ｃ）が、吹付用水硬性組成物の広がりの観点から、好ましくは３０質量％以上、より好ましくは４０質量％以上、更に好ましくは５０質量％以上であり、そして、好ましくは８０質量％以下、より好ましくは７０質量％以下、更に好ましくは６５質量％以下である。
すなわち、本発明の吹付用水硬性組成物は、吹付用水硬性組成物の広がりの観点から、水を、水硬性粉体１００質量部に対して、好ましくは３０質量部以上、より好ましくは４０質量部以上、更に好ましくは５０質量部以上、そして、好ましくは８０質量部以下、より好ましくは７０質量部以下、更に好ましくは６５質量部以下含有する。
なお、この水／水硬性粉体比（Ｗ／Ｃ）は、吹付用水硬性組成物中の水と水硬性粉体の質量百分率（質量％）であり、（水／水硬性粉体）×１００で算出される。
また、水硬性粉体が、セメントなどの水和反応により硬化する物性を有する粉体の他、ポゾラン作用を有する粉体、潜在水硬性を有する粉体及び石粉（炭酸カルシウム粉末）から選ばれる粉体を含む場合、本発明では、それらの量も水硬性粉体の量に算入する。また、水和反応により硬化する物性を有する粉体が、高強度混和材を含有する場合、高強度混和材の量も水硬性粉体の量に算入する。これは、水硬性粉体の質量が関係する他の質量部などにおいても同様である。
The hydraulic composition for spraying of the present invention has a water/hydraulic powder ratio (W/C), from the viewpoint of spread of the hydraulic composition for spraying, preferably 30% by mass or more, more preferably 40% by mass or more, More preferably, it is 50% by mass or more, and preferably 80% by mass or less, more preferably 70% by mass or less, and still more preferably 65% by mass or less.
That is, in the sprayable hydraulic composition of the present invention, from the viewpoint of spreading of the sprayable hydraulic composition, water is preferably 30 parts by mass or more, more preferably 40 parts by mass, based on 100 parts by mass of the hydraulic powder. The content is more preferably 50 parts by mass or more, and preferably 80 parts by mass or less, more preferably 70 parts by mass or less, and even more preferably 65 parts by mass or less.
Note that this water/hydraulic powder ratio (W/C) is the mass percentage (mass%) of water and hydraulic powder in the spraying hydraulic composition, and is (water/hydraulic powder) x 100. It is calculated by
In addition, the hydraulic powder is a powder selected from powders having physical properties such as cement that harden through a hydration reaction, powders having a pozzolanic action, powders having latent hydraulic properties, and stone powders (calcium carbonate powders). In the present invention, if the powder contains bodies, their amounts are also included in the amount of hydraulic powder. Further, when the powder having the physical property of hardening through a hydration reaction contains a high-strength admixture, the amount of the high-strength admixture is also included in the amount of the hydraulic powder. This also applies to other mass parts related to the mass of the hydraulic powder.
本発明の吹付用水硬性組成物は、粘土鉱物を含む。粘土鉱物は、吹付用水硬性組成物の広がりの観点から、膨潤度が１５ｍＬ／２ｇ以上５０ｍＬ／２ｇ以下の粘土鉱物が好ましい。 The sprayable hydraulic composition of the present invention contains a clay mineral. The clay mineral preferably has a swelling degree of 15 mL/2 g or more and 50 mL/2 g or less from the viewpoint of spreading of the spraying hydraulic composition.
粘土鉱物の膨潤度は、吹付用水硬性組成物の広がりの観点から、１５ｍＬ／２ｇ以上、好ましくは２０ｍＬ／２ｇ以上、そして、５０ｍＬ／２ｇ以下、好ましくは４５ｍＬ／２ｇ以下、より好ましくは４０ｍＬ／２ｇ以下である。
この膨潤度は、日本ベントナイト工業会JBAS104:77のベントナイト(粉状）の膨潤試験方法に従って測定する。すなわち水分８．０質量％に調整した試料２．０ｇを、蒸留水１００ｍｌを入れた１００ｍｌの共栓メスシリンダーに約１０回に分けて加える。このとき、前の添加物がメスシリンダー底に沈着してから次の添加を行う。２４時間放置するとき、メスシリンダー底部の試料の塊が膨潤した見掛けの体積をメスシリンダーの目盛から読み膨潤度（ｍＬ／２ｇ）として表示する。
The degree of swelling of the clay mineral is 15 mL/2 g or more, preferably 20 mL/2 g or more, and 50 mL/2 g or less, preferably 45 mL/2 g or less, more preferably 40 mL/2 g, from the viewpoint of spreading of the spraying hydraulic composition. It is as follows.
The degree of swelling is measured according to the bentonite (powder) swelling test method of the Japan Bentonite Industry Association JBAS104:77. That is, 2.0 g of a sample adjusted to have a water content of 8.0% by mass is added in about 10 portions to a 100 ml stoppered graduated cylinder containing 100 ml of distilled water. At this time, the next addition is made after the previous additive has settled to the bottom of the graduated cylinder. When left for 24 hours, the apparent volume of swelling of the sample mass at the bottom of the graduated cylinder is read from the scale of the graduated cylinder and expressed as degree of swelling (mL/2g).
粘土鉱物としては、カチオン交換性層状シリケートが挙げられる。このような粘土鉱物の一例としてスメクタイト及びベントナイトから選ばれる１種以上の粘土鉱物が挙げられる。スメクタイトは、粘土鉱物に属する一群のカチオン交換性層状シリケートであり、天然物としてはベントナイトの主成分として良く知られているモンモリロナイトの他、バイデライト、ヘクトライト、サポナイト、ノントロナイトなどが挙げられ、合成物として膨潤性弗素系雲母類などが挙げられる。これらの中で、本発明の吹付用水硬性組成物に含まれる粘土鉱物としては、吹付用水硬性組成物の広がりの観点から、ベントナイト、サポナイト、ヘクトライト及びモンモリロナイトから選ばれる粘土鉱物が好ましく、ベントナイト及びモンモリロナイトから選ばれる粘土鉱物がより好ましく、ベントナイトが更に好ましい。
ベントナイト、サポナイト、ヘクトライト及びモンモリロナイトから選ばれる粘土鉱物の含有量は、吹付用水硬性組成物に含まれる粘土鉱物中、６０質量％以上が好ましく、１００質量％がより好ましく、ベントナイトの含有量が１００質量％であることが更に好ましい。
The clay mineral may be a cation-exchangeable layered silicate. An example of such a clay mineral may be one or more clay minerals selected from smectite and bentonite. Smectite is a group of cation-exchangeable layered silicates belonging to clay minerals, and examples of natural products include montmorillonite, which is well known as the main component of bentonite, as well as beidellite, hectorite, saponite, nontronite, etc., and examples of synthetic products include swelling fluorine-based micas, etc. Among these, the clay mineral contained in the spray hydraulic composition of the present invention is preferably a clay mineral selected from bentonite, saponite, hectorite, and montmorillonite, more preferably a clay mineral selected from bentonite and montmorillonite, and even more preferably bentonite, from the viewpoint of the spread of the spray hydraulic composition.
The content of the clay mineral selected from bentonite, saponite, hectorite and montmorillonite in the clay minerals contained in the hydraulic composition for spraying is preferably 60 mass% or more, more preferably 100 mass%, and further preferably the content of bentonite is 100 mass%.
本発明の吹付用水硬性組成物は、粘土鉱物を、吹付用水硬性組成物の広がりと吐出作業性の観点から、好ましくは０．０２質量％以上、より好ましくは０．０５質量％以上、更に好ましくは０．１質量％以上、より更に好ましくは０．２質量％以上、そして、好ましくは１質量％以下、より好ましくは０．５質量％以下、更に好ましくは０．３質量％以下含有する。 From the viewpoint of the spreading and ejection workability of the spray hydraulic composition of the present invention, the spray hydraulic composition contains clay minerals in an amount of preferably 0.02% by mass or more, more preferably 0.05% by mass or more, even more preferably 0.1% by mass or more, even more preferably 0.2% by mass or more, and preferably 1% by mass or less, more preferably 0.5% by mass or less, even more preferably 0.3% by mass or less.
本発明の吹付用水硬性組成物は、粘土鉱物を、該吹付用水硬性組成物に含まれる水硬性粉体１００質量部に対して、吹付用水硬性組成物の広がりの観点から、好ましくは０．１質量部以上、より好ましくは０．３質量部以上、更に好ましくは０．５質量部以上、そして、好ましくは３質量部以下、より好ましくは２．５質量部以下、更に好ましくは２質量部以下含有する。 The hydraulic composition for spraying of the present invention contains clay minerals in an amount of preferably 0.1 parts by mass or more, more preferably 0.3 parts by mass or more, even more preferably 0.5 parts by mass or more, and preferably 3 parts by mass or less, more preferably 2.5 parts by mass or less, even more preferably 2 parts by mass or less, per 100 parts by mass of hydraulic powder contained in the hydraulic composition for spraying, from the viewpoint of the spread of the hydraulic composition for spraying.
本発明の吹付用水硬性組成物は、水を含有する。水は、三価の金属イオンを６０ｐｐｍ以上７５０ｐｐｍ以下含む。
三価の金属イオンは、三価の鉄イオン、三価のアルミニウムイオン、三価のクロムイオン、三価のガリウムイオン、三価のインジウムイオン、三価のタリウムイオン、三価のビスマスイオン、三価のランタンイオン及び三価の希土類イオンから選ばれる１種以上が挙げられる。三価の金属イオンは、吐出作業性の観点から、三価の鉄イオンが好ましい。また、三価の金属イオンは、低濃度で吹付用水硬性組成物の広がりを小さくできる観点から、三価のアルミニウムイオンが好ましい。三価の金属イオンは、上記観点から、三価の鉄イオン及び三価のアルミニウムイオンから選ばれる１種以上が好ましい。
The sprayable hydraulic composition of the present invention contains water. Water contains trivalent metal ions in an amount of 60 ppm or more and 750 ppm or less.
Trivalent metal ions include trivalent iron ions, trivalent aluminum ions, trivalent chromium ions, trivalent gallium ions, trivalent indium ions, trivalent thallium ions, trivalent bismuth ions, and trivalent metal ions. One or more types selected from valent lanthanum ions and trivalent rare earth ions can be mentioned. The trivalent metal ion is preferably a trivalent iron ion from the viewpoint of discharge workability. Further, the trivalent metal ion is preferably a trivalent aluminum ion from the viewpoint of reducing the spread of the sprayable hydraulic composition at a low concentration. From the above viewpoint, the trivalent metal ion is preferably one or more selected from trivalent iron ions and trivalent aluminum ions.
水中の三価の金属イオン濃度は、吹付用水硬性組成物の広がりの観点から、６０ｐｐｍ以上、好ましくは７５ｐｐｍ以上、より好ましくは１００ｐｐｍ以上、更に好ましくは１５０ｐｐｍ以上、より更に好ましくは２００ｐｐｍ以上、そして、７５０ｐｐｍ以下、好ましくは６００ｐｐｍ以下、より好ましくは５００ｐｐｍ以下、更に好ましくは４００ｐｐｍ以下である。 The trivalent metal ion concentration in water is 60 ppm or more, preferably 75 ppm or more, more preferably 100 ppm or more, still more preferably 150 ppm or more, even more preferably 200 ppm or more, from the viewpoint of spreading of the sprayable hydraulic composition. It is 750 ppm or less, preferably 600 ppm or less, more preferably 500 ppm or less, even more preferably 400 ppm or less.
水中の三価の金属イオン濃度は、例えば、株式会社共立理化学研究所製のデジタルパックテスト試験を用いて測定することができる。三価の鉄イオンはデジタルパックテスト試験（型式 ＷＡＫ－Ｆｅ３＋）のスルホサリチル酸比色法により測定することができる。また、三価のアルミニウムイオンはデジタルパックテスト試験（型式 ＬＲ－Ａｌ）のＥＣＲ法により測定することができる。 The trivalent metal ion concentration in water can be measured, for example, using the Digital Pack Test test manufactured by Kyoritsu Rikagaku Kenkyusho Co., Ltd. Trivalent iron ions can be measured by the sulfosalicylic acid colorimetric method of the Digital Pack Test test (model WAK-Fe 3+ ). Further, trivalent aluminum ions can be measured by the ECR method of the Digital Pack Test (model LR-Al).
＜急結剤＞
本発明の吹付用水硬性組成物は、任意に急結剤を含むことができる。急結剤は、粉末状の急結剤が好ましい。急結剤は、例えば、セメント鉱物系急結剤及びアルミニウム系急結剤から選ばれる１種以上の急結剤である。
<Accelerating agent>
The sprayable hydraulic composition of the present invention may optionally contain an accelerator. The accelerator is preferably a powder accelerator. The accelerator is, for example, one or more accelerators selected from a cement mineral-based accelerator and an aluminum-based accelerator.
セメント鉱物系急結剤としては、アルミン酸カルシウム、カルシウムサルホアルミネート及びカルシウムアルミネートから選ばれる１種以上が挙げられる。
アルミニウム系急結剤としては、水酸化アルミニウム、アルミン酸ナトリウム、アルミン酸カリウム、硫酸アルミニウム、塩化アルミニウム、硫酸カリウムアルミニウム、カリウムミョウバン、鉄ミョウバン及びアンモニウム鉄ミョウバン等を含むアルミニウム塩から選ばれる１種以上が挙げられる。
急結剤は、吹付用水硬性組成物の広がりの観点から、アルミン酸カルシウム、カルシウムサルホアルミネート、カルシウムアルミネート、硫酸アルミニウム、アルミン酸ナトリウム及び硫酸アルミニウムから選ばれる１種以上が好ましく、カルシウムアルミネート、カルシウムサルホアルミネート及び硫酸アルミニウムから選ばれる１種以上がより好ましく、カルシウムアルミネート及び硫酸アルミニウムから選ばれる１種以上が更に好ましい。
Examples of the cement mineral quick setting agent include one or more selected from calcium aluminate, calcium sulfoaluminate, and calcium aluminate.
As the aluminum quick-setting agent, one or more kinds selected from aluminum salts including aluminum hydroxide, sodium aluminate, potassium aluminate, aluminum sulfate, aluminum chloride, potassium aluminum sulfate, potassium alum, iron alum, ammonium iron alum, etc. can be mentioned.
The quick-setting agent is preferably one or more selected from calcium aluminate, calcium sulfoaluminate, calcium aluminate, aluminum sulfate, sodium aluminate, and aluminum sulfate, from the viewpoint of spreading of the spraying hydraulic composition. , calcium sulfoaluminate, and aluminum sulfate are more preferable, and one or more types selected from calcium aluminate and aluminum sulfate are still more preferable.
本発明の吹付用水硬性組成物では、上記粘土鉱物と急結剤の混合物である吹付用水硬性組成物用添加剤（以下、本発明の添加剤という）を用いてもよい。該添加剤は、吹付用水硬性組成物を吹付けるときに、水硬性粉体及び水を含む水硬性組成物に混合される。
本発明の添加剤は、急結剤を、吹付用水硬性組成物の広がりの観点から、好ましくは５０質量％以上、より好ましくは６０質量％以上、更に好ましくは７０質量％以上、そして、好ましくは９８質量％以下、より好ましくは９６質量％以下、更に好ましくは９５質量％以下含有する。
The spray hydraulic composition of the present invention may use an additive for spray hydraulic composition (hereinafter referred to as the additive of the present invention), which is a mixture of the above clay mineral and quick-setting agent. The additive is mixed with the hydraulic composition containing hydraulic powder and water when the spray hydraulic composition is sprayed.
The additive of the present invention contains a quick-setting admixture in an amount of preferably 50% by mass or more, more preferably 60% by mass or more, even more preferably 70% by mass or more, and preferably 98% by mass or less, more preferably 96% by mass or less, even more preferably 95% by mass or less, from the viewpoint of spread of the hydraulic composition for spraying.
本発明の添加剤において、前記粘土鉱物の含有量と前記急結剤の含有量との質量比（急結剤）／（粘土鉱物）は、吐出作業性と粉塵量の観点から、好ましくは３以上、より好ましくは４以上、更に好ましくは４．５以上、そして、好ましくは９０以下、より好ましくは５０以下、更に好ましくは２５以下、より更に好ましくは２０以下、より更に好ましくは１８以下、より更に好ましくは１５以下である。 In the additive of the present invention, the mass ratio of the content of the clay mineral to the content of the quick-setting admixture (quick-setting admixture)/(clay mineral) is preferably 3 or more, more preferably 4 or more, even more preferably 4.5 or more, and preferably 90 or less, more preferably 50 or less, even more preferably 25 or less, even more preferably 20 or less, even more preferably 18 or less, even more preferably 15 or less, from the viewpoints of discharge operability and dust amount.
本発明の吹付用水硬性組成物が急結剤を含む場合、本発明の吹付用水硬性組成物は、急結剤を、該吹付用水硬性組成物に含まれる水硬性粉体１００質量部に対して、吹付用水硬性組成物の広がりと強度発現性と吐出作業性の観点から、好ましくは４質量部以上、より好ましくは６質量部以上、更に好ましくは６．５質量部以上、より更に好ましくは７質量部以上、そして、好ましくは１５質量部以下、より好ましくは１２質量部以下、更に好ましくは１０質量部以下含有する。 When the hydraulic composition for spraying of the present invention contains a quick-setting agent, the hydraulic composition for spraying of the present invention contains the quick-setting agent in an amount of preferably 4 parts by mass or more, more preferably 6 parts by mass or more, even more preferably 6.5 parts by mass or more, even more preferably 7 parts by mass or more, and preferably 15 parts by mass or less, more preferably 12 parts by mass or less, and even more preferably 10 parts by mass or less, based on 100 parts by mass of the hydraulic powder contained in the hydraulic composition for spraying, from the viewpoints of the spreadability, strength expression, and ejection operability of the hydraulic composition for spraying.
本発明の吹付用水硬性組成物が急結剤を含む場合、本発明の吹付用水硬性組成物において、粘土鉱物の含有量と急結剤の含有量との質量比（急結剤）／（粘土鉱物）は、吹付用水硬性組成物の広がりと強度発現性の観点から、好ましくは３以上、より好ましくは４以上、更に好ましくは４．５以上、そして、好ましくは９０以下、より好ましくは５０以下、更に好ましくは２５以下、より更に好ましくは２０以下、より更に好ましくは１８以下、より更に好ましくは１５以下である。 When the spraying hydraulic composition of the present invention contains an quick-setting agent, in the spraying hydraulic composition of the present invention, the mass ratio of the clay mineral content to the quick-setting agent content (accelerating agent)/(clay Mineral) is preferably 3 or more, more preferably 4 or more, even more preferably 4.5 or more, and preferably 90 or less, more preferably 50 or less, from the viewpoint of spread and strength development of the sprayable hydraulic composition. , more preferably 25 or less, even more preferably 20 or less, even more preferably 18 or less, even more preferably 15 or less.
本発明の吹付用水硬性組成物は、必要に応じて、高性能減水剤、高性能ＡＥ減水剤、ＡＥ減水剤及び流動化剤を含む減水剤、膨張材、硬化促進剤、硬化遅延剤、セメント用ポリマー、発泡剤、防水剤、防錆剤、収縮低減剤、顔料、繊維、撥水剤、白華防止剤、増粘剤等の１種又は２種以上を含有してもよい。 The spraying hydraulic composition of the present invention may optionally contain a high-performance water-reducing agent, a high-performance AE water-reducing agent, a water-reducing agent including an AE water-reducing agent and a fluidizing agent, an expanding agent, a hardening accelerator, a hardening retardant, and cement. The composition may contain one or more of a polymer, a foaming agent, a waterproofing agent, a rust preventive, a shrinkage reducing agent, a pigment, a fiber, a water repellent, an efflorescence inhibitor, a thickener, and the like.
＜湿式吹付工法＞
本発明は、水硬性粉体と、粘土鉱物と、三価の金属イオンを６０ｐｐｍ以上７５０ｐｐｍ以下含む水とを混合してなる吹付用水硬性組成物を、対象物に吹き付ける、湿式吹付工法を提供する。
また、本発明は、水硬性粉体と三価の金属イオンを６０ｐｐｍ以上７５０ｐｐｍ以下含む水とを混合してなる水硬性組成物に、粘土鉱物を混合して吹付用水硬性組成物を製造し、吹付用水硬性組成物を対象物に吹き付ける、湿式吹付工法を提供する。
本発明の湿式吹付工法では、前記の水硬性組成物又は吹付用水硬性組成物に急結剤を混合して、急結剤が混合された水硬性組成物又は吹付用水硬性組成物を、対象物に吹き付けてもよい。
本発明の湿式吹付工法において、水硬性粉体、粘土鉱物、三価の金属イオンを含む水及び急結剤は、本発明の吹付用水硬性組成物において記載した態様と同じである。
本発明の湿式吹付工法における好ましい態様として、本発明の吹付用水硬性組成物において記載した態様を適宜適用することができる。
<Wet spraying method>
The present invention provides a wet spraying method in which a hydraulic composition for spraying, which is prepared by mixing hydraulic powder, a clay mineral, and water containing 60 ppm to 750 ppm of trivalent metal ions, is sprayed onto an object.
The present invention also provides a wet spraying method, which comprises mixing a hydraulic powder with water containing 60 ppm to 750 ppm of trivalent metal ions to produce a hydraulic composition, mixing the hydraulic composition with a clay mineral, and spraying the hydraulic composition onto an object.
In the wet spraying method of the present invention, the hydraulic composition or the hydraulic composition for spraying may be mixed with an accelerator, and the hydraulic composition or the hydraulic composition for spraying mixed with the accelerator may be sprayed onto an object.
In the wet spraying method of the present invention, the hydraulic powder, clay mineral, water containing trivalent metal ions and quick-setting admixture are the same as those described in the hydraulic composition for spraying of the present invention.
As a preferred embodiment in the wet spraying method of the present invention, the embodiment described in the hydraulic composition for spraying of the present invention can be appropriately applied.
本発明の湿式吹付工法について、具体的な例を挙げて詳細に説明する。なお、本発明の湿式吹付工法は、この具体例になんら限定されるものではない。
本発明の湿式吹付工法では、まず、水硬性粉体と、水と、任意に骨材とを混合して、水硬性組成物を製造する。
水硬性粉体、水及び任意に骨材を混合して製造された水硬性組成物は、水／水硬性粉体比（Ｗ／Ｃ）〔水硬性組成物中の水と水硬性粉体の質量百分率（質量％）〕が、吹付用水硬性組成物の広がりと吐出作業性の観点から、好ましくは３０質量％以上、より好ましくは４０質量％以上、更に好ましくは５０質量％以上であり、そして、好ましくは８０質量％以下、より好ましくは７０質量％以下、更に好ましくは６５質量％以下である。通常、当該水硬性組成物の水／水硬性粉体比は、引き続き製造される吹付用水硬性組成物に反映される。従って、本発明では、前記吹付用水硬性組成物も、水／水硬性粉体比は、前記範囲であることが好ましい。
The wet spraying method of the present invention will be explained in detail by giving specific examples. Note that the wet spraying method of the present invention is not limited to this specific example.
In the wet spraying method of the present invention, first, hydraulic powder, water, and optionally aggregate are mixed to produce a hydraulic composition.
A hydraulic composition produced by mixing hydraulic powder, water, and optionally aggregate has a water/hydraulic powder ratio (W/C) [of the water and hydraulic powder in the hydraulic composition]. mass percentage (mass %)] is preferably 30 mass % or more, more preferably 40 mass % or more, and still more preferably 50 mass % or more, from the viewpoint of spreading of the spraying hydraulic composition and discharge workability, and , preferably 80% by mass or less, more preferably 70% by mass or less, still more preferably 65% by mass or less. Usually, the water/hydraulic powder ratio of the hydraulic composition is reflected in the subsequently produced hydraulic composition for spraying. Therefore, in the present invention, the water/hydraulic powder ratio of the spraying hydraulic composition is preferably within the above range.
本発明において、水硬性粉体、水及び骨材などの任意成分の混合は、公知の方法により行うことができる。具体的には、水硬性粉体と水と骨材とを同時に混合する方法が挙げられる。これらの成分の混合には、パン型強制ミキサー、２軸強制ミキサー、可傾式ミキサー等の混合ミキサーを使用することができる。 In the present invention, the mixing of optional components such as hydraulic powder, water, and aggregate can be carried out by a known method. Specifically, a method in which the hydraulic powder, water, and aggregate are mixed simultaneously can be mentioned. A mixing mixer such as a pan-type forced mixer, a two-shaft forced mixer, or a tilting mixer can be used to mix these components.
本発明では、水硬性粉体、水及び任意の骨材を混合して得た水硬性組成物に、前記の粘土鉱物と前記の急結剤とを添加して、吹付用水硬性組成物を製造する。前記水硬性組成物と粘土鉱物と急結剤との混合は、例えば、前記水硬性組成物と、粘土鉱物と急結剤とを別々に空気圧送して合流混合する一般的な湿式吹付工法で実施できる。また、粘土鉱物と急結剤は、予め粘土鉱物と急結剤を混合して、前記水硬性組成物と混合することが好ましい。粘土鉱物と急結剤の混合物は、前記の本発明の吹付用水硬性組成物用添加剤であってよい。
なお、本発明では、水硬性粉体、粘土鉱物、水及び骨材などの任意成分を混合して水硬性組成物を製造し、該水硬性組成物に急結剤を添加して、吹付用水硬性組成物を製造することもできる。
In the present invention, a hydraulic composition for spraying is produced by adding the above-mentioned clay mineral and the above-mentioned quick-setting agent to a hydraulic composition obtained by mixing hydraulic powder, water, and arbitrary aggregate. do. The hydraulic composition, clay mineral, and quick-setting agent may be mixed by, for example, a common wet spraying method in which the hydraulic composition, clay mineral, and quick-setting agent are separately air-fed and mixed together. Can be implemented. Further, it is preferable that the clay mineral and the quick-setting agent are mixed in advance and then mixed with the hydraulic composition. The mixture of clay mineral and quick-setting agent may be the above-mentioned additive for the sprayable hydraulic composition of the present invention.
In the present invention, a hydraulic composition is produced by mixing optional components such as hydraulic powder, clay minerals, water, and aggregate, and a quick-setting agent is added to the hydraulic composition to prepare water for spraying. Hard compositions can also be produced.
本発明では、前記粘土鉱物を、前記水硬性組成物中の水硬性粉体１００質量部に対して、吹付用水硬性組成物の広がりの観点から、好ましくは０．１質量部以上、より好ましくは０．３質量部以上、更に好ましくは０．５質量部以上、そして、好ましくは３質量部以下、より好ましくは２．５質量部以下、更に好ましくは２質量部以下混合する。 In the present invention, the clay mineral is mixed in an amount of preferably 0.1 parts by mass or more, more preferably 0.3 parts by mass or more, even more preferably 0.5 parts by mass or more, and preferably 3 parts by mass or less, more preferably 2.5 parts by mass or less, even more preferably 2 parts by mass or less, per 100 parts by mass of the hydraulic powder in the hydraulic composition, from the viewpoint of the spread of the spray hydraulic composition.
本発明では、前記急結剤を用いる場合は、該急結剤を、前記水硬性組成物中の水硬性粉体１００質量部に対して、吹付用水硬性組成物の広がりと強度発現性と吐出作業性の観点から、好ましくは４質量部以上、より好ましくは６質量部以上、更に好ましくは６．５質量部以上、より更に好ましくは７質量部以上、そして、好ましくは１５質量部以下、より好ましくは１２質量部以下、更に好ましくは１０質量部以下混合する。 In the present invention, when the quick-setting agent is used, the quick-setting agent is mixed in an amount of preferably 4 parts by mass or more, more preferably 6 parts by mass or more, even more preferably 6.5 parts by mass or more, even more preferably 7 parts by mass or more, and preferably 15 parts by mass or less, more preferably 12 parts by mass or less, even more preferably 10 parts by mass or less, per 100 parts by mass of the hydraulic powder in the hydraulic composition, from the viewpoints of the spreadability, strength expression, and ejection workability of the hydraulic composition for spraying.
本発明では、前記急結剤を用いる場合は、粘土鉱物の混合量と急結剤の混合量との質量比（急結剤）／（粘土鉱物）が、吹付用水硬性組成物の広がりと強度発現性の観点から、好ましくは３以上、より好ましくは４以上、更に好ましくは４．５以上、そして、好ましくは９０以下、より好ましくは５０以下、更に好ましくは２５以下、より更に好ましくは２０以下、より更に好ましくは１８以下、より更に好ましくは１５以下である。 In the present invention, when the quick-setting admixture is used, the mass ratio of the amount of the clay mineral mixed to the amount of the quick-setting admixture (quick-setting admixture)/(clay mineral) is preferably 3 or more, more preferably 4 or more, even more preferably 4.5 or more, and preferably 90 or less, more preferably 50 or less, even more preferably 25 or less, even more preferably 20 or less, even more preferably 18 or less, even more preferably 15 or less, from the viewpoint of the spreadability and strength development of the spray hydraulic composition.
本発明の吹付工法では、このようにして調製した吹付用水硬性組成物を対象物に吹き付ける。この方法は、いわゆる湿式吹付工法に相当する。
本発明の湿式吹付工法は、従来の吹付設備により実施可能である。吹付設備は、湿式での吹き付けが支障なく行われればよく、例えば、前記水硬性組成物の圧送に、アリバ社製、商品名「アリバ２８０」等を用い、粘土鉱物と急結剤の混合物の圧送にちよだ製作所製、商品名「ナトムクリート」等を用い、両者を混合して吹付用水硬性組成物を調製して吹き付けを行うことが可能である。
In the spraying method of the present invention, the thus prepared hydraulic composition for spraying is sprayed onto an object, which corresponds to the so-called wet spraying method.
The wet spraying method of the present invention can be carried out by using conventional spraying equipment. The spraying equipment may be any equipment that can perform wet spraying without any problems, and for example, it is possible to use "Ariva 280" manufactured by Arriba for pumping the hydraulic composition, and "Natmcrete" manufactured by Chiyoda Seisakusho for pumping the mixture of clay mineral and quick-setting admixture, and mix the two to prepare a hydraulic composition for spraying, which can then be sprayed.
表中の成分は以下のものを用いた。
＜粘土鉱物＞
粘土鉱物：ベントナイト、クニゲルＧＳ、クニミネ工業株式会社製、膨潤度３３ｍＬ／２ｇ
The following components were used in the table.
<Clay minerals>
Clay mineral: bentonite, Kunigel GS, manufactured by Kunimine Kogyo Co., Ltd., swelling degree 33mL/2g
粘土鉱物の膨潤度は、日本ベントナイト工業会JBAS104:77のベントナイト(粉状）の膨潤試験方法に従って測定した。すなわち水分８．０質量％に調整した試料２．０ｇを、蒸留水１００ｍｌを入れた１００ｍｌの共栓メスシリンダーに約１０回に分けて加えた。このとき、前の添加物がメスシリンダー底に沈着してから次ぎの添加を行った。２４時間放置するとき、メスシリンダー底部の試料の塊が膨潤した見掛けの体積をメスシリンダーの目盛から読み膨潤度（ｍＬ／２ｇ）とした。 The degree of swelling of the clay mineral was measured according to the swelling test method for bentonite (powder) of the Japan Bentonite Industry Association JBAS104:77. That is, 2.0 g of a sample adjusted to have a water content of 8.0% by mass was added in about 10 portions to a 100 ml stoppered graduated cylinder containing 100 ml of distilled water. At this time, the next addition was made after the previous additive had settled on the bottom of the graduated cylinder. When the sample was left to stand for 24 hours, the apparent volume of the swollen sample mass at the bottom of the graduated cylinder was read from the scale of the graduated cylinder and was defined as the degree of swelling (mL/2 g).
（１）水硬性組成物の作製
水硬性組成物の配合成分は以下の通りである。なお、水は、三価の鉄イオン濃度と三価のアルミニウムイオン濃度が表１の濃度となるように、水道水に塩化鉄（III）又は硫酸アルミニウム（III）を溶解して調製した。
水の鉄イオン濃度を、株式会社共立理化学研究所製のデジタルパックテスト試験（型式 ＷＡＫ－Ｆｅ３＋）で測定すると、水道水は１ｐｐｍ以下の検出下限値以下だった。また、水道水に塩化鉄（III）を溶解して調製した水溶液は、それぞれ５０、１０１、２０３、５６４，９７６ｐｐｍだった。この時、１０１、２０３、５６４，９７６ｐｐｍの水溶液は検出上限値を超えていたので、検出上限値の５０ｐｐｍを下回る濃度に希釈して測定した。
また、水のアルミニウムイオン濃度を、株式会社共立理化学研究所製のデジタルパックテスト試験（型式 ＬＲ－Ａｌ）で測定すると、水道水は０．０５ｐｐｍ以下の検出下限値以下だった。また、水道水に硫酸アルミニウム（III）を溶解して調製した水溶液は、６５、１０２ｐｐｍだった。この時、６５、１０２ｐｐｍの水溶液は検出上限値を超えていたので、検出上限値の０．４０ｐｐｍを下回る濃度に希釈して測定した。
(1) Preparation of hydraulic composition The ingredients of the hydraulic composition are as follows. The water was prepared by dissolving iron (III) chloride or aluminum (III) sulfate in tap water so that the trivalent iron ion concentration and the trivalent aluminum ion concentration were as shown in Table 1.
When the iron ion concentration in water was measured using the Digital Pack Test Test (model WAK-Fe3+) manufactured by Kyoritsu Rikagaku Kenkyusho Co., Ltd., the concentration of iron ions in tap water was below the detection limit of 1 ppm or less. In addition, aqueous solutions prepared by dissolving iron (III) chloride in tap water had concentrations of 50, 101, 203, and 564,976 ppm, respectively. At this time, the aqueous solutions of 101, 203, and 564,976 ppm exceeded the upper limit of detection, so they were diluted to a concentration below the upper limit of detection of 50 ppm and measured.
Furthermore, when the aluminum ion concentration in water was measured using the Digital Pack Test Test (Model LR-Al) manufactured by Kyoritsu Rikagaku Kenkyusho Co., Ltd., the concentration of aluminum ions in tap water was below the detection limit of 0.05 ppm or less. Further, an aqueous solution prepared by dissolving aluminum (III) sulfate in tap water had a concentration of 65.102 ppm. At this time, the aqueous solution at 65 and 102 ppm exceeded the upper limit of detection, so it was diluted to a concentration below the upper limit of detection of 0.40 ppm and measured.
＜水硬性組成物の配合成分＞
水：上記の方法で調製した、表１の濃度でＦｅ（III）イオン又はＡｌ（III）イオンを含む水
セメント（水硬性粉体）：太平洋セメント株式会社製普通ポルトランドセメントと住友大阪セメント製普通ポルトランドセメントとの質量比１：１の混合物
骨材（砂）：京都府 城陽市産 山砂 表乾状態 比重２．５５
粘土鉱物：ベントナイト、クニゲルＧＳ クニミネ工業株式会社社製 膨潤度３３ｍＬ／２ｇ
<Components of hydraulic composition>
Water: Water containing Fe(III) ions or Al(III) ions in the concentrations shown in Table 1, prepared by the method described above. Cement (hydraulic powder): A mixture of ordinary Portland cement manufactured by Taiheiyo Cement Corporation and ordinary Portland cement manufactured by Sumitomo Osaka Cement Corporation in a mass ratio of 1:1. Aggregate (sand): Mountain sand produced in Joyo City, Kyoto Prefecture. Surface-dried state: Specific gravity 2.55.
Clay mineral: Bentonite, Kunigel GS, manufactured by Kunimine Industries Co., Ltd. Swelling degree: 33 mL/2 g
水硬性組成物の作製には、「ＪＩＳ Ｒ ５２０１ セメントの物理試験方法」に規定されるモルタルミキサーを使用した。
モルタルミキサーの練鉢に水を２４０ｇ、セメントを４００ｇ、砂を１０５４ｇ加え低速で２分撹拌した。得られたモルタルに粘土鉱物を加え、高速で１０秒間撹拌し、吹付用水硬性組成物を得た。
A mortar mixer specified in "JIS R 5201 Physical Test Methods for Cement" was used to prepare the hydraulic composition.
240 g of water, 400 g of cement, and 1054 g of sand were added to a mortar mixer bowl and stirred at low speed for 2 minutes. Clay minerals were added to the obtained mortar and stirred at high speed for 10 seconds to obtain a sprayable hydraulic composition.
（２）評価
得られた吹付用水硬性組成物１５００ｇを、粉粒体搬送装置（ブレスライダー、型番Ｋ―２０、株式会社ブレス社製）を用いて、粉粒体搬送装置の噴射口から１８ｃｍ離れた木板に噴射した。粉粒体搬送装置に接続されたコンプレッサの圧力は０．６ＭＰａ、噴射口の口径φは２ｃｍであった。木板に吹付けた吹付用水硬性組成物の中心部を中心とする直径１２ｃｍの円の内側に付着した吹付用水硬性組成物の質量と、この円の外側に付着した吹付用水硬性組成物の質量を測定し、下記式（１）より広がり率（％）を算出した。この広がり率が低いほど、吹付用水硬性組成物を吹付けたときに、該組成物の吹付け部位からの広がりが抑制されているといえる。
広がり率（％）＝１００×（直径１２ｃｍの円の外側に付着した吹付用水硬性組成物の質量）／（直径１２ｃｍの円の内側に付着した吹付用水硬性組成物の質量） （１）
(2) Evaluation 1500 g of the obtained spray hydraulic composition was sprayed onto a wooden board at a distance of 18 cm from the nozzle of the powder/granule conveying device (Breath Rider, model number K-20, manufactured by Breath Co., Ltd.). The pressure of the compressor connected to the powder/granule conveying device was 0.6 MPa, and the diameter of the nozzle was 2 cm. The mass of the spray hydraulic composition attached inside a circle with a diameter of 12 cm centered on the center of the spray hydraulic composition sprayed onto the wooden board and the mass of the spray hydraulic composition attached outside this circle were measured, and the spreading rate (%) was calculated from the following formula (1). It can be said that the lower the spreading rate, the more the spray hydraulic composition is suppressed from spreading from the sprayed area when sprayed.
Spreadability (%)=100×(mass of the spray hydraulic composition attached to the outside of a circle with a diameter of 12 cm)/(mass of the spray hydraulic composition attached to the inside of a circle with a diameter of 12 cm) (1)
※注１：添加剤の添加量は、セメント（Ｃ）に対する質量百分率（質量％×Ｃ）で表す。
※注２：『Ｗ／Ｃ』は、セメント（Ｃ）に対する水（Ｗ）の質量百分率（質量％）を表す。
*Note 1: The amount of additive added is expressed as a mass percentage (mass% x C) relative to cement (C).
*Note 2: "W/C" represents the mass percentage (mass%) of water (W) to cement (C).
表１に示すように、実施例の吹付用水硬性組成物は、広がり率が低くなっており、これにより、吹付用水硬性組成物の積層に要する時間が低減され、水硬性組成物の吹付け作業効率が向上する。
As shown in Table 1, the hydraulic compositions for spraying of the Examples have a low spreading rate, which reduces the time required for layering the hydraulic compositions for spraying and improves the efficiency of the spraying work of the hydraulic compositions.
Claims (7)
A hydraulic composition for spraying is produced by mixing a clay mineral with a hydraulic composition obtained by mixing a hydraulic powder and water containing trivalent metal ions in an amount of 60 ppm or more and 750 ppm or less, A wet spraying method in which water is sprayed onto the object.
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| JP2022148909A JP2024043746A (en) | 2022-09-20 | 2022-09-20 | Spray hydraulic composition |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| JP2022148909A JP2024043746A (en) | 2022-09-20 | 2022-09-20 | Spray hydraulic composition |
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| JP2024043746A true JP2024043746A (en) | 2024-04-02 |
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| JP2022148909A Pending JP2024043746A (en) | 2022-09-20 | 2022-09-20 | Spray hydraulic composition |
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