JP2024040558A - Dual polarization antennas and antenna modules - Google Patents

Abstract

[Problem] To provide a rectangular dual-polarized antenna. [Solution] A dual-polarized antenna includes a dielectric substrate, a rectangular patch element provided on one surface of the dielectric substrate, a ground plate provided to face the patch element across the dielectric substrate, a first power feed section that feeds power to the patch element to excite a first polarized wave in the short side direction of the patch element, a second power feed section that feeds power to the patch element to excite a second polarized wave in the long side direction of the patch element, and an adjustment section that adjusts the resonant frequency of the first polarized wave, and the resonant frequencies of the first polarized wave and the second polarized wave are the same. [Selected Figure] Figure 1

Description

The present invention relates to a dual polarization antenna and an antenna module.

BACKGROUND ART A dual polarization patch antenna is known that has a characteristic that it can operate in a wide frequency band by exciting the patch using an L-shaped probe feeding method (for example, see Patent Document 1).

Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2007-142876

Conventional dual-polarization antennas that use orthogonal polarized waves of the same frequency require square patch elements. Therefore, in conventional rectangular patch elements, the resonant frequencies of polarized waves in the short side direction and long side direction are different, so in a TDD (Time Division Duplex) system that uses the same frequency, V/H MIMO (Multi Input Multi Output) cannot be realized.

One aspect of the present invention aims to provide a rectangular dual polarization antenna.

An antenna device according to one aspect of the present invention includes a dielectric substrate, a rectangular patch element provided on one surface of the dielectric substrate, and a rectangular patch element provided opposite to the patch element with the dielectric substrate sandwiched therebetween. a first power feeding unit that feeds power to the patch element to excite a first polarized wave in the short side direction of the patch element; and a second polarized wave in the long side direction of the patch element. a second power feeding unit that feeds power to the patch element to excite the patch element; and an adjustment unit that adjusts the resonant frequency of the first polarized wave, the first polarized wave and the second polarized wave have the same resonant frequency.

1 is a perspective perspective view of a dual polarization antenna according to a first embodiment; FIG. 1 is a plan view of a dual polarization antenna according to a first embodiment; FIG. FIG. 2 is a side perspective view in the long side direction of the dual polarization antenna according to the first embodiment. FIG. 2 is a side perspective view of the dual polarization antenna according to the first embodiment in the short side direction. 3 is a graph of reflection characteristics and isolation characteristics of the dual polarization antenna according to the first embodiment. FIG. 7 is a plan view of a dual polarization antenna according to a second embodiment. FIG. 7 is a plan view of a dual polarization antenna according to a third embodiment. FIG. 7 is a plan view of a dual polarization antenna according to a fourth embodiment. FIG. 7 is a side perspective view in the long side direction of a dual polarization antenna according to a fourth embodiment. FIG. 12 is a plan view of an antenna module using a rectangular dual-polarization antenna according to a fifth embodiment. FIG. 2 is a plan view of an antenna module using a square dual polarization antenna. FIG. 7 is an enlarged view of an antenna module portion of a communication device equipped with an antenna module using a rectangular polarized antenna according to a fifth embodiment; FIG. 11A is a diagram with the resin part removed from FIG. 11A.

Embodiments will be described below with reference to the drawings. In the drawings, the same or equivalent elements are denoted by the same reference numerals, and duplicate explanations will be omitted.

(First embodiment)
FIG. 1 is a perspective perspective view of a dual polarization antenna according to a first embodiment. FIG. 2 is a plan view of the dual polarization antenna according to the first embodiment. FIG. 3 is a side perspective view in the long side direction of the dual polarization antenna according to the first embodiment. That is, FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the dual polarization antenna of FIG. 2 viewed in the Y-axis direction. FIG. 4 is a side perspective view of the dual polarization antenna according to the first embodiment in the short side direction. That is, FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the dual polarization antenna of FIG. 2 viewed in the X-axis direction.

The polarized antenna 101 includes a dielectric substrate 111, a patch element 121, a ground plate 131, feeding probes 141 and 142, and additional elements 151 and 152. The dual-polarized antenna 101 transmits or receives two orthogonal polarized waves. Specifically, the dual polarization antenna 101 transmits or receives polarized waves in the short side direction and the long side direction of the patch element 121. Further, the resonant frequencies of the polarized waves in the short side direction and the long side direction of the patch element 121 are the same.

The dielectric substrate 111 is a dielectric substrate. Dielectric substrate 111 is larger than patch element 121 in plan view and has a rectangular shape.

Patch element 121 is provided on the surface of dielectric substrate 111 and has a rectangular shape. Patch element 121 is located inside dielectric substrate 111 in plan view. Patch element 121 is, for example, a conductor such as metal, and is excited by power feeding from power feeding probes 141 and 142, and vibrates in the short side direction of patch element 121 (X-axis direction in FIG. 2) and in the long side direction of patch element 121 (in FIG. 2 (Y-axis direction).

The ground plate 131 is provided on the back surface of the dielectric substrate 111 so as to face the patch element 121 with the dielectric substrate 111 in between. The ground plate 131 is a conductor and is connected to ground.

The power feeding probe 141 feeds power to the patch element 121 and causes the patch element 121 to excite polarized waves in the short side direction of the patch element 121 (X-axis direction in FIG. 2). The power feeding probe 141 is located on the dielectric substrate 111 side of the patch element 121, and is located at the center of the patch element 121 in the long side direction and closer to the left side than the center of the patch element 121 in the short side direction in plan view. The resonant frequency of the polarized wave in the short side direction of the patch element 121 due to the power feeding by the power feeding probe 141 is determined by the resonance phenomenon of the patch element 121 in the short side direction. The polarized wave in the short side direction of the patch element 121 is an example of the first polarized wave. The power supply probe 141 is an example of a power supply unit.

The power supply probe 142 supplies power to the patch element 121 and causes the patch element 121 to excite polarized waves in the long side direction of the patch element 121 (Y-axis direction in FIG. 2). The power feeding probe 142 is located on the dielectric substrate 111 side of the patch element 121, and is located at the center of the patch element 121 in the short side direction and closer to the lower side than the center of the patch element 121 in the long side direction in plan view. The resonant frequency of the polarized wave in the long side direction of the patch element 121 due to the power feeding by the power feeding probe 142 is determined by the resonance phenomenon in the long side direction of the patch element 121 . The polarized wave in the long side direction of the patch element 121 is an example of the second polarized wave. The power supply probe 142 is an example of a power supply unit.

Depending on the positions of the feeding probes 141 and 142, the resonant frequency and impedance of the polarized waves in the short side direction and the long side direction of the patch element 121 change. In the first embodiment, the feeding probes 141 and 142 are arranged at positions where the resonant frequencies of the polarized waves in the short side direction and the long side direction of the patch element 121 are the same and impedance matching can be achieved.

The additional elements 151 and 152 adjust the resonance frequency of the polarized wave in the short side direction of the patch element 121. The additional elements 151 and 152 are provided inside the dielectric substrate 111, and are, for example, rectangular plate-shaped conductors. For example, the same material as the patch element 121 is used for the additional elements 151 and 152. The additional elements 151 and 152 are each located near the inside of the long side of the patch element 121 in plan view. Moreover, the additional elements 151 and 152 are provided so that the long side direction of the additional elements 151 and 152 and the long side direction of the patch element 121 match in plan view. That is, the additional elements 151 and 152 and the patch element 121 are provided so as to be parallel to each other in plan view. Further, the additional elements 151 and 152 are provided so as to be parallel to the patch element 121 when viewed from the side. Additional elements 151 and 152 are examples of adjustment sections.

Patch element 121 and additional elements 151, 152 are electrically connected. Specifically, the dielectric substrate 111 is provided with vias 161-i and 162-i (i=1 to 3), and the additional element 151 is electrically connected to the patch element 121 via the via 161-i. , additional element 152 is electrically connected to patch element 121 via via 162-i.

In the dual polarization antenna 101 of the first embodiment, in order to load ground capacity, the ground plate 131 is Patch element 121 is extended by additional elements 151, 152 in this direction.

If the additional elements 151 and 152 are not provided, in the rectangular patch element 121, the direction of resonance due to power feeding by the power feeding probe 141 is in the short side direction of the patch element 121, so that the electrical length is insufficient compared to the long side direction. Therefore, the same resonant frequency cannot be achieved for the polarized waves in the short side direction and the long side direction.

Therefore, in the dual polarization antenna 101 of the first embodiment, the resonant frequency of the polarized wave in the short side direction of the patch element 121 due to the power feeding by the feeding probe 141 and the long side direction of the patch element 121 due to the power feeding by the feeding probe 142. In order to make the resonant frequencies of the polarized waves the same, a capacitance is added between the patch element 121 and the ground plate 131 using additional elements 151 and 152. This compensates for the shortfall in the electrical length in the short side direction and achieves the same resonance frequency in the short side direction and the long side direction. In this way, in the first embodiment, the additional elements 151 and 152 adjust the resonant frequency of the polarized wave in the short side direction of the patch element 121, so that the same resonant frequency can be achieved in the short side direction and the long side direction. Realize.

FIG. 5 is a graph of the reflection characteristics and isolation characteristics of the dual polarization antenna according to the first embodiment.

The vertical axis in FIG. 5 shows return loss and isolation, and the horizontal axis shows frequency.

A graph 501 shows the reflection characteristics of power feeding by the power feeding probe 141, and a graph 502 shows the reflection characteristics of power feeding by the power feeding probe 142. Graph 503 shows isolation characteristics.

As shown in graphs 501 and 502, the frequency characteristics of the reflection characteristics of the power feeding by the power feeding probe 141 and the power feeding by the power feeding probe 142 are equivalent. That is, the resonant frequencies of the polarized waves in the short side direction and the long side direction of the patch element 121 are the same. Further, as shown in the graph 503, the polarization antenna 101 has sufficient isolation.

According to the first embodiment, it is possible to provide a rectangular dual-polarization antenna in which the resonant frequencies in the long side direction and the short side direction are the same.

(Second embodiment)
FIG. 6 is a plan view of a dual polarization antenna according to the second embodiment.

The dual polarization antenna 601 includes a dielectric substrate 611, a patch element 621, a ground plate 631, and feeding probes 641 and 642. The dual polarization antenna 601 transmits or receives two orthogonal polarized waves. Specifically, the dual polarization antenna 601 transmits or receives polarized waves in the short side direction and the long side direction of the patch element 621. Further, the resonant frequencies of the polarized waves in the short side direction and the long side direction of the patch element 621 are the same.

Dielectric substrate 611, ground plate 631, and feeding probes 641 and 642 have the same configuration and function as dielectric substrate 111, grounding plate 131, and feeding probes 141 and 142, respectively, so a description thereof will be omitted.

Patch element 621 is provided on the surface of dielectric substrate 611 and has a rectangular shape. Patch element 621 is located inside dielectric substrate 611 in plan view. The patch element 621 is, for example, a conductor such as a metal, and is excited by power feeding from the power feeding probes 641 and 642, and vibrates in the short side direction of the patch element 621 (X-axis direction in FIG. 6) and the long side direction (in the figure). 6) in the Y-axis direction).

A rectangular slot 622 is provided in the center of patch element 621 . The slot 622 adjusts the resonant frequency of the polarized wave in the short side direction of the patch element 621. The slot 622 is provided so that the long side direction of the slot 622 and the long side direction of the patch element 621 match in plan view. That is, the slot 622 and the patch element 621 are provided so as to be parallel to each other when viewed from above. Note that the shape of the slot 622 is merely an example, and is not limited to a rectangular shape. The slot 622 is an example of a hole and an example of an adjustment section.

If there is no slot 622, in the rectangular patch element 621, the direction of resonance due to power feeding by the power feeding probe 641 is in the short side direction of the patch element 621, so that the electrical length is insufficient compared to the long side direction. Therefore, the same resonant frequency cannot be achieved for the polarized waves in the long side direction and the short side direction.

Therefore, in the polarized antenna 601 of the second embodiment, the resonant frequency of the polarized wave in the short side direction of the patch element 621 due to the power feeding by the feeding probe 641 and the long side direction of the patch element 621 due to the power feeding by the feeding probe 642 are determined. In order to make the resonant frequencies of the polarized waves the same, a rectangular slot 611 is provided in the patch element 621, and the short side direction and Achieves the same resonant frequency in the long side direction. In this manner, in the second embodiment, the slot 622 adjusts the resonant frequency of the polarized wave in the short side direction of the patch element 621, thereby realizing the same resonant frequency in the short side direction and the long side direction.

According to the second embodiment, it is possible to provide a rectangular dual-polarization antenna in which the resonant frequencies in the long side direction and the short side direction are the same.

(Third embodiment)
FIG. 7 is a plan view of a dual polarization antenna according to the third embodiment.

The polarized antenna 701 includes a dielectric substrate 711, a patch element 721, a ground plate 731, and feeding probes 741 and 742. The dual polarization antenna 701 transmits or receives two orthogonal polarized waves. Specifically, the dual polarization antenna 701 transmits or receives polarized waves in the short side direction and the long side direction of the patch element 721. Further, the resonant frequencies of the polarized waves in the short side direction and the long side direction of the patch element 721 are the same.

Dielectric substrate 711, ground plate 731, and feed probes 741 and 742 have the same configurations and functions as dielectric substrate 111, ground plate 131, and feed probes 141 and 142, respectively, so a description thereof will be omitted.

Patch element 721 is provided on the surface of dielectric substrate 711 and has a rectangular shape. Patch element 721 is located inside dielectric substrate 711 in plan view. The patch element 721 is, for example, a conductor such as a metal, and is excited by power feeding from the power feeding probes 741 and 742, and vibrates in the short side direction of the patch element 721 (X-axis direction in FIG. 7) and the long side direction (in the figure). 7) in the Y-axis direction).

Near the center of one short side of the patch element 721, rectangular slits 722-j (j=1 to 4) are provided in a row, and near the center of the other short side, a rectangular slit 723-j is provided. placed side by side. The slits 722-j and 723-j adjust the resonance frequency of the polarized wave in the short side direction of the patch element 721. The slits 722-j and 723-j are provided so as to extend from the short side of the patch element 721 toward the center of the patch element 721 in plan view. Note that the shapes of the slits 722-j and 723-j are merely examples, and are not limited to rectangular shapes. The slits 722-j and 723-j are an example of a notch portion and an example of an adjustment portion.

If the slits 722-j and 723-j are not provided, in the rectangular patch element 721, the resonance direction due to the power feeding by the power feeding probe 741 is in the short side direction of the patch element 721, so the electrical length is insufficient compared to the long side direction. . Therefore, the same resonant frequency cannot be achieved for the polarized waves in the long side direction and the short side direction.

Therefore, in the polarization shared antenna 701 of the third embodiment, the resonant frequency of the polarized wave in the short side direction of the patch element 721 due to the power feeding by the feeding probe 741 and the long side direction of the patch element 721 due to the power feeding by the feeding probe 742 are determined. In order to make the resonant frequencies of the polarized waves the same, rectangular slits 722-j and 723-j are provided on the short sides of the patch element 721, and the electrical length is This compensates for the lack of and achieves the same resonant frequency in both the short and long sides. In this way, in the third embodiment, the slits 722-j and 723-j adjust the resonant frequency of the polarized waves in the short side direction of the patch element 721, so that the same polarization frequency is achieved in the short side direction and the long side direction. Achieve a resonant frequency.

According to the third embodiment, it is possible to provide a rectangular dual-polarization antenna in which the resonant frequencies in the long side direction and the short side direction are the same.

(Fourth embodiment)
FIG. 8 is a plan view of a dual polarization antenna according to the fourth embodiment. FIG. 9 is a side perspective view in the long side direction of the dual polarization antenna according to the fourth embodiment. That is, FIG. 9 is a perspective view of the dual polarization antenna of FIG. 8 viewed in the Y-axis direction.

The polarized antenna 801 includes a dielectric substrate 811, a patch element 821, a ground plate 831, and feeding probes 841 and 842. The dual polarization antenna 801 transmits or receives two orthogonal polarized waves. Specifically, the polarized antenna 801 transmits or receives polarized waves in the short side direction and the long side direction of the patch element 821. Further, the resonant frequencies of the polarized waves in the short side direction and the long side direction of the patch element 821 are the same.

The ground plate 831 and the power supply probes 841 and 842 have the same configuration and function as the ground plate 131 and the power supply probes 141 and 142, respectively, so a description thereof will be omitted.

The dielectric substrate 811 is a dielectric substrate. Dielectric substrate 811 is larger than patch element 821 in plan view and has a rectangular shape. The dielectric substrate 811 has a central portion 812 and end portions 813-k (k=1 to 2).

The center portion 812 and the end portions 813-k are portions located above the ground plate 831 (in the positive direction of the Z-axis in FIG. 9) in side view. The central portion 812 is a central portion of a portion of the dielectric substrate 811 above the ground plate 831 that is divided into three parts in the short side direction of the dielectric substrate 811. The end portions 813-k are both end portions of a portion of the dielectric substrate 811 above the ground plate 831 that is divided into three parts in the short side direction of the dielectric substrate 811. The end portion 813-k is a portion near the long side of the patch element 821 of the dielectric substrate 111 in plan view. The center portion 812 and the end portions 813-k each have a rectangular parallelepiped shape.

The dielectric constant of the end portion 813-k is higher than that of the central portion 812. For example, the end portion 813-k is made of a material having a higher dielectric constant than the center portion 812. The end portion 813-k adjusts the resonance frequency of the polarized wave in the short side direction of the patch element 821. The end portion 813-k is an example of an adjustment portion.

Patch element 821 is provided on the surface of dielectric substrate 811 and has a rectangular shape. Patch element 821 is located inside dielectric substrate 811 in plan view. Patch element 821 is, for example, a conductor such as metal, and is excited by power feeding from power feeding probes 841 and 842, and vibrates in the short side direction of patch element 821 (X-axis direction in FIG. 8) and the long side direction of patch element 821 (in FIG. 8) in the Y-axis direction).

When the dielectric constant of the dielectric substrate 811 is uniform, in the rectangular patch element 821, the direction of resonance due to the power feeding by the power feeding probe 841 is in the short side direction of the patch element 821, so the electrical length is longer than the long side direction. Run short. Therefore, the same resonant frequency cannot be achieved for the polarized waves in the long side direction and the short side direction.

Therefore, in the dual polarization antenna 801 of the fourth embodiment, the resonant frequency of the polarized wave in the short side direction of the patch element 821 due to the power feeding by the feeding probe 841 and the long side direction of the patch element 821 due to the power feeding by the feeding probe 842 are determined. In order to make the resonant frequencies of the polarized waves the same, only the portion of the dielectric substrate 811 (end portion 813-k) near the long side of the patch element 821 where the electric field generated by the feeding of the feeding probe 841 is concentrated is By having a high dielectric constant, the shortening effect of the wavelength compensates for the shortfall in electrical length and achieves the same resonant frequency in the short and long sides. In this manner, in the fourth embodiment, the end portion 813-k, which has a higher dielectric constant than the center portion 812, adjusts the resonant frequency of the polarized wave in the short side direction of the patch element 621. Achieves the same resonant frequency in both the direction and the long side direction.

According to the fourth embodiment, it is possible to provide a rectangular dual polarization antenna in which the resonant frequencies in the long side direction and the short side direction are the same.

(Fifth embodiment)
FIG. 10A is a plan view of an antenna module using a rectangular dual polarization antenna according to the fifth embodiment.

The antenna module 1000 has four rectangular polarized antennas 1001-j (j=1 to 4). Note that the number of polarized antennas 1001-j is just an example, and is not limited to this number.

The dual polarization antenna 1001-j transmits or receives two orthogonal polarized waves. Specifically, the dual polarization antenna 601 transmits or receives polarized waves in the short side direction and the long side direction of the patch element 1021-j. Furthermore, the resonant frequencies of the polarized waves in the short side direction and the long side direction of patch element 1021-j are the same.

Dual polarization antennas 1001-j are arranged in line in the long side direction (X-axis direction in FIG. 10A) of patch element 1021-j. Thereby, the antenna module 1000 has a rectangular shape. Note that in FIG. 10A, reference symbols for the dielectric substrate, the power supply section, the ground plate, etc. are omitted.

For example, any of the rectangular polarization antennas 101, 601, 701, and 801 of the first to fourth embodiments can be used as the polarization antenna 1001-j.

FIG. 10B is a plan view of an antenna module using a square polarized antenna.

The antenna module 1050 has four square polarized antennas 1051-j (j=1 to 4). The dual polarization antennas 1051-j are arranged in parallel in the X-axis direction in FIG. 10B.

Comparing the antenna module 1000 shown in FIG. 10A and the antenna module 1050 shown in FIG. 10B, the antenna module 1000 shown in FIG. The length of the patch element 1021-j in the short side direction (Y-axis direction in FIG. 10A) can be made shorter than that of an antenna module using a shared wave antenna. That is, the length of the antenna module 1000 in the short side direction (Y-axis direction in FIG. 10) can be shortened.

FIG. 11A is an enlarged view of an antenna module portion of a communication device equipped with an antenna module using a rectangular polarized antenna according to a fifth embodiment. FIG. 11B is an enlarged view of FIG. 11A with the resin part removed.

An antenna module 1000 using a rectangular polarized antenna is installed in a communication device 1100 such as a smartphone or a tablet, for example.

For example, the antenna module 1000 is provided on the side surface of a rectangular plate-shaped communication device 1100. For example, FIG. 11A is an enlarged view of the antenna module portion on the side of communication device 1100.

The side surface of the communication device 1100 is formed of an aluminum frame 1111, the antenna module 1000 is provided within the aluminum frame 1111, and the antenna module 1000 is covered with a resin portion 1121.

As described in FIGS. 10A and 10B, by using the antenna module 1000, the length of the antenna module 1000 in the short side direction (Y-axis direction in FIG. 11A) can be shortened. Thereby, the width of the resin portion 1121 that covers the antenna module 1000 (the length in the Y-axis direction in FIG. 11A) can be reduced, and the communication device 1100 can be made thinner.

According to the fifth embodiment, a slender antenna module can be provided. This improves the mountability of the antenna module on the communication device and allows the communication device to be made thinner. Further, the influence on the design of the communication device is also reduced.

It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above and can be modified, and the above configurations may be substantially the same configuration, have the same effects, or achieve the same purpose. It can be replaced with a configuration that allows

101, 601, 701, 801 Polarized antenna 111, 611, 711, 811 Dielectric substrate 121, 621, 721, 821 Patch element 131, 631, 731, 831 Ground plate 141, 142, 641, 642, 741, 742 , 841, 842 feeding probe 151, 152 additional element 161 via 622 slot 722 slit 1000 antenna module 1100 communication device

Claims (6)

a dielectric substrate;
a rectangular patch element provided on one side of the dielectric substrate;
a ground plate provided to face the patch element with the dielectric substrate in between;
a first power feeding section that feeds power to the patch element to excite a first polarized wave in the short side direction of the patch element;
a second power feeding section that feeds power to the patch element to excite a second polarized wave in the long side direction of the patch element;
an adjustment unit that adjusts the resonant frequency of the first polarized wave;
Equipped with
A dual polarization antenna in which the first polarization and the second polarization have the same resonance frequency. The adjustment section is an additional element provided within the dielectric substrate,
The dual polarization antenna according to claim 1, wherein the patch element and the additional element are electrically connected. The dual polarization antenna according to claim 1, wherein the adjustment section is a hole provided at the center of the patch element. The dual polarization antenna according to claim 1, wherein the adjustment section is a notch provided on a short side of the patch element. The adjustment portion is a portion of the dielectric substrate near the long side of the patch element,
2. The dual polarization antenna according to claim 1, wherein the dielectric constant of the neighboring portion is higher than the dielectric constant of the central portion of the dielectric substrate in the direction of the short side. An antenna module in which a plurality of polarized wave antennas according to claim 1 are arranged in line in the long side direction.

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