JP2024027499A - Water feeding method to crops using measuring method and water feeding device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To solve problems for example, there is a method for repeatedly applying a small amount of water or a small amount of nutritious liquid to crops by multiple times, however, sometimes a nozzle is blocked.

SOLUTION: A duct line having a downward slope, is installed, in a longitudinal direction of the duct line, many drop holes are provided at intervals for dropping water or nutritious liquid to a bottom part, water storage parts are provided on a lower part of the drop holes. On a lower part of the water storage part, fine outflow holes for exit of water are provided. When water is injected from an upstream side of the duct line, if an amount of injected water exceeds an amount of water exiting from the fine outflow holes subsequently, the water storage parts become gradually full, from the upstream water storage parts, and at a time point when the final water storage part becomes full, water exits from all water storage parts at a same water pressure. However, from the upstream water storage parts, some water has exited already, and a water exit amount obtained by adding the amount of water which has exited already is greater on the upstream side water storage parts. For correcting the water exit amount and making the water exit amount uniform on all water storage parts, a short pipe of the upstream water storage parts is made shorter, a water pressure acting to the fine holes and volume of the upstream water storage parts are reduced, a short pipe of the downstream water storage parts is made longer and volume and the water pressure of them are increased, for making a total water exit amount on the respective water storage parts uniform.

SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

COPYRIGHT: (C)2024,JPO&INPIT

Description

The present invention relates to a water supply method and a water supply device for cultivating vegetables such as tomatoes, eggplants, and cucumbers, and fruit trees (hereinafter referred to as crops) such as persimmons, apples, and grapes.

When trying to obtain high-quality agricultural products by making full use of advanced agricultural technology, there is a method of repeatedly applying a small amount of water and a small amount of nutrient solution of an appropriate concentration to crops many times. In this application, a small amount of water and a small amount of a nutrient solution with an appropriate concentration are simply referred to as a small amount of water. In addition, water and a nutrient solution of an appropriate concentration are simply referred to as water. When cultivating such crops, water supply methods and water supply devices become important issues.

Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 9-107827 Patent No. 6488443

Modern Agriculture General Incorporated Association Rural Culture Association August 1998 issue P, 286

This work of repeatedly applying small amounts of water to crops is not done directly by humans, but is generally done using water tanks, power sources, pumps, timers, tubes, nozzles, etc. However, this nozzle may become clogged. This is shown in paragraph (0004) of Patent Document 1 and P, 286 of Non-Patent Document 1. There are two systems of brine.

One of the means for solving the above problem is disclosed in Patent Document 1. A specific example using a nonwoven fabric is shown in paragraph (0020). Nonwoven fabrics grow algae due to the nutrients in the nutrient solution, but they can be used repeatedly if washed. Also, since it is inexpensive, the cost will not increase much even if it is replaced with a new one. Also, even with nonwoven fabrics of the same size, there are variations in the amount of dripping, but this problem can be reduced by conducting a test in advance and removing those that are excessively high or extremely low. Although these problems are relatively small, they become troublesome when the area becomes large.
Patent Document 2 proposes a solution to these problems. The details can be found in paragraphs (0007) to (0023) of Patent Document 2. This patent document 2 further has the following problem.
As shown in the third line of Table 1 in FIG. 7 of Patent Document 2, the surplus water is 1130 ml, which is a large proportion of the total 2500 ml. This surplus water needs to be stored in a container and pumped back for reuse, or taken off-site and disposed of, which incurs costs. It is also a waste of resources. This application is intended to solve this problem.

As shown in Fig. 1, a conduit 1 with a gentle downward slope of 1/100 (1 cm per 100 cm) to 1/5 (20 cm per 100 cm), preferably about 1/10 (10 cm per 100 cm) is installed, and this conduit A large number of drop holes 2 for dropping water or nutrient solution (hereinafter simply referred to as water) are provided at the bottom at appropriate intervals in the length direction of the container. For example, a hard vinyl chloride pipe 3 (hereinafter referred to as PVC pipe 3) is used as the pipe line 1, and a T-shaped cheese 4, which is an accessory thereof, is used with the convex part facing downward to form the drop hole 2. . The PVC pipe 3 and the cheese 4 are shown in the photograph substituted for the drawing in FIG. The vertical scale of the conduit 1 in FIG. 1 is shown enlarged.

An elbow 5 is installed at the upper end of the pipe 1, and water is injected here. The elbow 5 and socket 8 are shown in the photograph substituted for the drawing in FIG. A container 6 is installed at the end of the pipe line 1 to store surplus water and send it to the original water tank using a pump and hose for reuse. Or take it off site and dispose of it. The amount of remaining water in the present application is much smaller than that in Patent Document 2.
A short tube 7 made of a hard vinyl chloride tube and its lid 9 are used at the lower end of the T-shaped cheese 4. A fine hole TT is provided at the tip of the lid 9 to serve as an outlet. The diameter of the outlet shall be 1.0 mm to 2.0 mm. Water sprinkling tubes with 0.2 mm to 0.4 mm water sprinkling holes and drip tubes with special structures are all designed to drain water using high pressure, but the present invention does not apply pressure, which is very advantageous in terms of clogging. . When pressure is applied, something slightly larger than the diameter of the hole gets caught in the hole, creating a wedge-like shape. The state of the outflow and the minute hole TT are shown in the photograph substituted for the drawing in Fig. 2 with reference numerals 10 and TT.
The volume of water obtained by subtracting the volume of the part where the short pipe 7 is inserted from the volume of water from the upper end A to the lower end B of the convex part of the cheese 4 is defined as V1.
Let the volume of water in the short pipe 7 be V2.
The volume of water obtained by subtracting the volume of the short tube 7 inserted into the lid 9 from the volume of water in the lid 9 is defined as V3. Let the sum of V1, V2, and V3 be V4. A water storage section CH consisting of V4 is provided as shown in Figure 2.

For the last one at the end of the flow, the volume obtained by subtracting the volume of the part where the short pipe 7 is inserted from the volume from the upper end A to the lower end B of the convex part of the cheese 4 is defined as VN1.
Let the volume of the short tube 7 be VN2.
The volume of water obtained by subtracting the volume of the portion of the short tube 7 inserted into the lid 9 from the volume of the water in the lid 9 attached to the short tube 7 is defined as VN3.
The sum of VN1, VN2, and VN3 is VN4.
A water storage part CHN made of VN4 is provided as shown in Figure 4.
Water is injected from the upper end of the socket 8. At the intersection of cheese 4, most of the water falls down, and some of it flows to the next part due to the force of the flow. Water injected from the upper end A of the cheese 4 is injected into the water storage part CH formed by V4, and a portion of it flows out through the fine holes TT, but it gradually becomes full. When the first upstream water storage CH becomes full, water is injected into the next downstream water storage CH. When the upper end A of the last water storage section CH becomes full, all the water storage sections CH become full.
The sum of all the water storage parts CH, the sum of the amount that has already flowed out of each, the error in the pipe diameter, the error in water leakage, and the work error, plus the intersection of cheese 4 in the last water storage part. A total amount of water is injected from the upstream socket 8 including the part flowing from the part to the container 6 due to the force of the water flow. When the last water storage section CHN is full, all the water storage sections CH are full, and from this point on, water flows out all at once with the same water pressure, but some parts have already flowed out.
The amount of outflow, which is the sum of the parts that have already outflowed, gradually increases toward the upstream side. In order to correct and equalize this, the short pipes 7 in the upstream water storage section are gradually shortened to reduce the water pressure acting on the volume and minute holes TT, and the short pipes 7 in the downstream water storage section are gradually shortened. By increasing the length and increasing the volume and water pressure, the total amount of outflow from each part is made uniform. In addition, since this application uses a metering method, by increasing or decreasing the length of the short pipe 7 of the water storage section of a certain part, the volume and water pressure can be increased or decreased, and the outflow amount of that part, that is, the increase or decrease of the water supply amount, can be adjusted with one water supply device. It is possible to cultivate crops with different characteristics and sow seeds.

In addition to changing the length of the short tube 7, there is a method of adjusting the outflow amount by changing the diameter of the fine hole TT. In this case, the method of paragraph (0019) of Patent Document 2 is followed.

When installing irrigation equipment for agricultural cultivation, if it uses a power supply, pump, timer, tube, nozzle, etc., the nozzle may become clogged. This time, we decided to use a method that does not use a nozzle. This allows crops to be produced safely and cheaply.

FIG. 2 is an overall side view showing a conduit etc. of the present invention. It is a photograph substituted for a drawing showing the details of each part such as a PVC pipe and cheese. This is a photograph substituted for a drawing showing a completed drawing of the pipeline etc. This is a photograph substituted for a drawing showing an exploded view of pipes, etc. It is a table of measured values of outflow amount.

Using the hard vinyl chloride pipe 3 and the accessories cheese 4, elbow 5, lid 9, and short pipe 7 made of hard vinyl chloride pipe, create the pipe line 1 and the drop port 2 as shown in Figures 1, 2, and 4. .
The hard vinyl chloride pipe used this time has an inner diameter of 20 mm. Create 12 water storage parts CH using the convex part of the cheese 4, the short pipe 7, and the lid 9. Place these at 15cm intervals. The conduit 1 has a downward slope of about 1/10. Water is injected from the upper end of the socket 8. The volume is approximately 1400 ml, and the injection time is approximately 30 seconds. The water storage section CH on the upstream side gradually becomes full of water. A 1.5 mm hole is provided at the tip of the lid 9 to allow water to flow out little by little. At the intersection of cheese 4, most of the water falls and some of it flows to the next part due to the force of the water. When the last 12th water storage part CHN becomes full, all the water storage parts CH become full. From this point on, the water flows out all at once with the same water pressure, but some parts have already flowed out. In the first measurement, all lengths of the short pipes 7 were set to 10 cm, and the measured outflow amount at this time was the value in column 2 of Table 1 in FIG. Note that column 1 is the length of the short tube 7. In this case, the measured value is around 100 ml, but the upstream ones NO1 to NO3 are 10 to 30 ml more because they fall for a long time. Also, the amount of NO10 to NO12 on the downstream side is 90ml, which is about 10ml less.
In order to correct this, the length of the short tube 7 was changed as shown in column 3. On the upstream side, NO1 was shortened by 3 cm, NO2 was shortened by 2 cm, and NO3 was shortened by 1 cm, making them 7 cm, 8 cm, and 9 cm, respectively. Further, NO10 on the downstream side was lengthened by 1 cm, NO11 was lengthened by 2 cm, and NO12 was lengthened by 3 cm, making them 11 cm, 12 cm, and 13 cm, respectively. Column 4 shows the measured values after changing the length of the short tube 7. This makes the outflow amount uniform.

1 Pipe line 2 Drop hole 3 Hard vinyl chloride pipe 4 Cheese 5 Elbow 6 Container 7 Short pipe 8 Socket 9 Lid 10 Falling state
TT fine pore
V1 Volume of water excluding the volume of the part where the short pipe 7 is inserted from the volume from the upper end A (see Figure 2) to the lower end B of the convex part of the cheese 4
V2 Volume of water in short pipe 7
V3 Volume of water excluding the volume of the part where short pipe 7 is inserted from the volume of lid 9
V4 Total volume of V1, V2, and V3
Water storage section consisting of CH V4
VN1 Volume of water obtained by subtracting the volume of the part where the short pipe 7 is inserted from the volume from the upper end A to the lower end B of the convex part of the last Nth cheese 4
VN2 Volume of water in the last Nth short pipe 7
VN3 Volume of water obtained by subtracting the volume of the part where short pipe 7 is inserted from the volume of the last Nth lid 9
VN4 Total volume of VN1, VN2, VN3
Water storage section consisting of CHN VN4
A Upper end of the convex part of cheese 4
B Lower end of the convex part of cheese 4

Claims (2)

A pipe with a downward slope of 1/100 to 1/5 is installed, and drop holes are provided at the bottom at intervals in the length direction of the pipe to allow water or nutrient solution (hereinafter simply referred to as water) to fall. A water storage section is provided under the drop hole, and a fine outlet is provided at the bottom of the water storage section to let water flow out.Water is injected from the upstream side of the pipe and flows out from the water storage section on the upstream side sequentially through the fine holes. If you inject more water than the specified amount, it will gradually fill up one by one, and when the last water storage part is full, it will flow out all at once with the same water pressure, but the water storage parts upstream from the last water storage part will be filled with water that has already flowed out. The sum of these amounts gradually increases as you move upstream.
In order to correct and equalize this, the short pipes in the upstream water storage section are shortened to reduce the volume and water pressure acting on minute pores, and the short pipes in the downstream water storage section are lengthened to reduce the volume and water pressure. By increasing the amount of water, the total amount of outflow from each part is equalized, and because of the metering method, by increasing or decreasing the length of the short pipe of the water storage part of a certain part, the volume and water pressure can be increased or decreased, and the outflow of that part can be equalized. A method of watering crops using a metering method that allows the amount of water, that is, the amount of water supplied, to be increased or decreased using a single water supply device. A pipe with a downward slope of 1/100 to 1/5 is installed, and drop holes are provided at the bottom at intervals in the length direction of the pipe to allow water or nutrient solution (hereinafter simply referred to as water) to fall. A water storage section is provided under the drop hole, and a fine outlet is provided at the bottom of the water storage section to let water flow out.Water is injected from the upstream side of the pipe and flows out from the water storage section on the upstream side sequentially through the fine holes. If you inject more water than the specified amount, it will gradually fill up one by one, and when the last water storage part is full, it will flow out all at once with the same water pressure, but the water storage parts upstream from the last water storage part will be filled with water that has already flowed out. The sum of these amounts gradually increases as you move upstream.
In order to correct and equalize this, the short pipes in the upstream water storage section are shortened to reduce the volume and water pressure acting on minute pores, and the short pipes in the downstream water storage section are lengthened to reduce the volume and water pressure. By increasing the amount of water, the total amount of outflow from each part is equalized, and because of the metering method, by increasing or decreasing the length of the short pipe of the water storage part of a certain part, the volume and water pressure can be increased or decreased, and the outflow of that part can be equalized. A water supply device for crops that uses a metering method that allows the amount of water supplied to be increased or decreased using one water supply device.

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