JP2024025544A - Disassembly method - Google Patents

Abstract

An object of the present invention is to provide a dismantling method etc. that can suitably dismantle concrete members while suppressing noise, vibration, etc.
SOLUTION: At least two crushing holes 3a and 3b into which a hydraulic crusher 4 is inserted are provided in a concrete member 1 diagonally downward from the surface of the concrete member 1 so that their tips are not continuous with each other. Then, a hydraulic crusher 4 is inserted into each of the two crushing holes 3a, and both hydraulic crushers 4 simultaneously apply pressure to the surface side of the concrete member 1. At this time, the directions in which pressure is applied to the surface side of the concrete member 1 by both hydraulic crushers 4 intersect in a plane.
[Selection diagram] Figure 3

Description

The present invention relates to a method for dismantling concrete members, etc.

During building renovation work, it is possible to dismantle parts several centimeters below the surface of concrete members, such as the framework located below the sash frame or steel door frame, or the framework remaining after dismantling walls and slabs. be. When dismantling the surface layer of such a concrete member, an electric pick is generally used.

On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 11(a), Patent Document 1 discloses that rod-shaped hydraulic crushers (not shown) are inserted into both sides of a V-shaped crushing hole 102 formed in a concrete member 101, A method is disclosed in which the concrete located inside the crushing hole 102 is pushed out toward the surface of the concrete member 1 and crushed by applying pressure from a machine to the surface side of the concrete member 101 as shown by the arrow.

Patent No. 6411031

When demolition is performed using an electric pick as described above, noise, vibration, etc. are generated, which poses a problem when carrying out renovation work while the building is still in use.

On the other hand, although the method of Patent Document 1 makes it possible to dismantle the concrete member 101 silently, there is a problem in terms of efficiency during disassembly. For example, FIG. 11(b) shows a portion R1 on the surface of the concrete member 101 where concrete is crushed by the method of FIG. 11(a), but in the method of FIG. 11(a), this portion R1 is , it has a substantially triangular shape (fan shape) with the opening of the crushing hole 102 as the apex in a plane. Therefore, concrete may remain unbroken in the area between adjacent crushing holes 102 (see reference numeral R2 in FIG. 11(b)), and in this case, it is necessary to crush the remaining concrete using a separate method. there were.

The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems, and an object thereof is to provide a dismantling method etc. that can suitably dismantle concrete members while suppressing noise, vibration, etc.

To achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention is a dismantling method for dismantling a concrete member, comprising: inserting at least two insertion parts into the concrete member into which pressure mechanisms are inserted, such that the tips thereof are not continuous with each other; step (a) of providing the concrete member obliquely from the surface of the concrete member in the plane in the thickness direction of the concrete member; and inserting a pressure mechanism into each of the two insertion portions, and simultaneously applying pressure to the concrete member by both pressure mechanisms. a step (b) of crushing the concrete between the two insertion parts by applying pressure to the surface side of the concrete member, and in the step (b), the concrete member is crushed by applying pressure to the surface side of the concrete member. This demolition method is characterized in that the direction in which pressure is applied intersects or opposes the thickness direction of the concrete member in a plane orthogonal to it.

In the present invention, noise and vibration during demolition can be suppressed by applying pressure to the concrete and crushing it using the pressure mechanism inserted into the insertion part. In addition, by determining the insertion part into which the pressure mechanism is inserted and the direction of pressure applied by the two pressure mechanisms as described above, and operating these pressure mechanisms simultaneously, the concrete will be crushed by the synergistic effect of both pressure mechanisms. Since the crushing area is additionally generated and the crushing area per operation increases, the concrete member demolition work can be performed efficiently.

For example, in the step (a), a crushing hole is provided as the insertion part, and in the step (b), the pressurizing mechanism is inserted into each of the two crushing holes formed in the same direction, and both The direction in which pressure is applied to the surface side of the concrete member by the pressure mechanism intersects in a plane orthogonal to the thickness direction of the concrete member.
Thereby, the concrete member can be suitably dismantled using a pressurizing mechanism such as a hydraulic crusher.

Alternatively, in the step (a), a slit is provided as the insertion portion, and in the step (b), the plate-shaped pressure mechanism is inserted into each of the two slits whose longitudinal directions are parallel, and both It is also desirable that the directions in which the pressure mechanism applies pressure to the surface side of the concrete member face each other in a plane perpendicular to the thickness direction of the concrete member. In this case, in the step (b), it is also desirable that the positions of both pressure mechanisms in the longitudinal direction of the slit are partially shifted.
Thereby, the concrete member can be suitably dismantled using a plate-shaped pressure mechanism such as a plate jack. In addition, by partially shifting the insertion position of the pressure mechanism and applying pressure, the synergistic effect of both pressure mechanisms spreads the area where the concrete is crushed, making it possible to dismantle concrete members more efficiently. can.

The concrete member is, for example, a slab.
The dismantling method of the present invention can be suitably applied to the dismantling of slabs that do not have a pinching allowance and cannot be disassembled by a crusher or the like.

According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a dismantling method and the like that can suitably dismantle concrete members while suppressing noise, vibration, and the like.

A diagram showing crushing holes 3a and 3b formed in the concrete member 1. A diagram showing a hydraulic crusher 4. FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a method for dismantling a concrete member 1. FIG. FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a method for dismantling a concrete member 1. FIG. An example of dismantling a planar dismantling range of concrete member 1. A diagram showing a plate jack 7. A diagram showing slits 6a and 6b formed in the concrete member 1. FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a method for dismantling a concrete member 1. FIG. FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a method for dismantling a concrete member 1. FIG. An example of partially shifting the position of the plate jack 7. A diagram showing a concrete member 101 and a crushing hole 102.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings.

[First embodiment]
FIG. 1(a) is a diagram showing the surface of a concrete member 1 to be dismantled by a dismantling method according to an embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, the concrete member 1 is a slab, a hydraulic crusher is inserted into crushing holes 3a and 3b (insertion part) provided from the surface of the concrete member 1, and pressure is applied to the surface side of the concrete member 1 by the hydraulic crusher. By adding this, the concrete in the surface layer, which is a part of the concrete member 1 in the thickness direction, is crushed and the crushed debris is removed.

The demolition range of the concrete member 1 is made into a band shape as shown by the reference numeral 2 in FIG. Form multiple at intervals. The crushing holes 3a and 3b on both sides of the disassembly range 2 are arranged so that the positions in the longitudinal direction of the disassembly range 2 correspond to each other. The crushing holes 3a and 3b can be formed, for example, by drilling holes in the concrete member 1 from the surface.

FIGS. 1(b) and 1(c) show cross sections of the concrete member 1 in the thickness direction taken along lines AA and BB in FIG. 1(a), respectively. In a plane (a plane perpendicular to the thickness direction), the crushing holes 3a and 3b extend in the width direction of the demolition area 2 from both sides of the demolition area 2 toward the inside of the demolition area 2, as shown in FIG. 1(a). However, in the plane in the thickness direction, it is formed to extend obliquely downward as shown in FIG. 1(c). On the other hand, crushing holes 3a, 3a and crushing holes 3b, 3b adjacent in the longitudinal direction of the disassembly area 2 are formed in the same direction.

Further, in this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1(c), there is a gap between the tips (bottom ends) of the crushing holes 3a, 3b on both sides of the disassembly area 2, and the tips of the crushing holes 3a, 3b They are not consecutive. This also applies between the tips of the crushing holes 3a, 3a or the crushing holes 3b, 3b that are adjacent to each other in the longitudinal direction of the disassembly area 2 (see FIG. 1(b)).

After the crushing holes 3a, 3b are formed in the concrete member 1 in this manner, the concrete in the demolishing area 2 is crushed using a wedge-shaped hydraulic crusher 4 shown in FIG. 2(a). The hydraulic crusher 4 is a small pressurizing mechanism that has a wedge-shaped wedge portion 41 and a blade portion 42 at the end, and as shown in FIG. 2(b), the wedge portion 41 is pushed toward the tip by hydraulic pressure. Thus, the blade portions 42 on both sides of the wedge portion 41 can be expanded outward.

As shown in FIG. 3(a), the end of this hydraulic crusher 4 is inserted into each of the crushing holes 3a, 3a adjacent to each other in the longitudinal direction of the disassembly area 2, and the wedge portion 41 of each hydraulic crusher 4 is Push in at the same time to spread the blade portions 42. As a result, as shown in FIG. 3(b), pressure indicated by arrow E is simultaneously applied to the surface (free surface) side of the concrete member 1. FIG. 3(b) is a cross section of the concrete member 1 along the line AA in FIG. 3(a) in the thickness direction, and the illustration of the hydraulic crusher 4 is omitted.

As shown in FIG. 3(b), in this embodiment, the direction in which pressure E is applied is not directly above each crushing hole 3a, 3a, but as shown in FIG. Pressure shall be applied in a direction that intersects the inside. Due to these pressures E, the concrete within the demolition range 2 between the crushing holes 3a, 3a is pushed out to the surface side of the concrete member 1 and crushed, cracks are generated, and the concrete is separated (crushed) from the remaining concrete. . Note that the hydraulic crusher 4 applies pressure to the surface side and the bottom side of the concrete member 1 from the crushing hole 3a, but since there is no free surface in this direction, the pressure is limited to the extent that the concrete on the hole wall is crushed.

FIG. 3(c) shows the crushed portion 5 of the concrete at this time. In the longitudinal direction of the demolition area 2, the crushing part 5 is a part between the crushing holes 3a, 3a into which the hydraulic crusher 4 is inserted, and in the width direction of the demolition area 2, the crushing part 5 is the part between the crushing holes 3a, 3a into which the hydraulic crusher 4 is inserted. This is the part up to the center of range 2 in the width direction.

This crushing portion 5 is larger than the portion 51 that can be crushed when each hydraulic crusher 4 is operated independently. This is due to the synergistic effect of operating both hydraulic crushers 4 at the same time, in addition to the part 51 that can be crushed when the hydraulic crushers 4 are operated alone. This is because the concrete is additionally fractured in the portion 52 sandwiched between the portions 51.

After crushing the concrete in the crushing portion 5 using the crushing holes 3a, 3a adjacent to each other in the longitudinal direction of the demolition area 2, as shown in FIG. 4(a), a hydraulic crusher 4 is inserted. The positions of the holes 3a, 3a are shifted in the longitudinal direction of the demolition area 2, and the concrete is crushed again in the same procedure.

In this embodiment, one of the crushing holes 3a, 3a used at this time is one of the crushing holes 3a used in FIG. 3(a). For example, the crushing hole 3a on the left side used in Figure 4(a) is the same as the crushing hole 3a on the right side used in Figure 3(a), but since the direction in which pressure E is applied to the concrete is different, the crushing of the concrete It is possible to apply pressure using the hole walls that are not covered. Thereby, as shown in FIG. 4(b), the crushed portion 5 of the concrete is continuous with the crushed portion 5 of FIG. 3(c) in the longitudinal direction of the demolition range 2.

Similarly, the hydraulic crusher 4 crushes the concrete while shifting the positions of the crushing holes 3a, 3a to be used in the longitudinal direction of the demolition area 2, resulting in a crushed part of the concrete as shown in FIG. 4(c). 5 is connected in a band shape. Thereafter, by repeating the above procedure for the crushing hole 3b on the opposite side in the width direction of the demolition area 2, the entire concrete in the demolition area 2 can be crushed as shown in FIG. 4(d).

The sizes of the crushing holes 3a and 3b vary depending on the hydraulic crusher 4 and the like, but for example, the diameter is about 20 mm and the depth is about 60 mm. In addition, the spacing between the crushing holes 3a, 3a and crushing holes 3b, 3b that are adjacent to each other in the longitudinal direction of the demolition area 2 is about 100 mm to 200 mm, and the angle of the crushing holes 3a, 3b in the plane of the thickness direction of the concrete member 1. is approximately 45°, but is not limited to this.

As described above, in the first embodiment, the hydraulic crusher 4 inserted into the crushing holes 3a, 3b applies pressure to the concrete to crush it, thereby suppressing noise and vibration during demolition. Further, by determining the crushing holes 3a, 3b into which the hydraulic crusher 4 is inserted and the pressurizing direction by the two hydraulic crushers 4 as described above, and operating these hydraulic crushers 4 simultaneously, both the hydraulic crushers 4 As a result of the synergistic effect of the above, an additional portion 52 where concrete is crushed is created, and the crushing area per operation increases, so that the dismantling work of the concrete member 1 can be performed efficiently.

However, the invention is not limited to the above embodiments. For example, in this embodiment, a belt-shaped demolition range 2 is set, but the demolition range 2 is not limited to this, and a planar demolition range 2 that extends vertically and horizontally on the surface of the concrete member 1 may be set. In this case, as shown in FIG. 5(a), three or more rows (three rows in the example of FIG. 5(a)) of crushing holes 3a, 3b, 3c, ... are formed on the surface of the concrete member 1, and each row The above-described procedure may be performed for the crushing holes 3a, 3b, 3c, . . . . As a result, as shown in FIG. 5(b), the crushed portion 5 of the concrete spreads horizontally and vertically, making it possible to crush the concrete in the planar demolition range 2.

Further, in this embodiment, the concrete member 1 to be demolished is a slab. Although the dismantling method of the present invention can be suitably applied to the dismantling of slabs that do not have a pinching margin and cannot be dismantled by a crusher or the like, the concrete member 1 to be dismantled is not limited to slabs. For example, it may be a concrete wall.

Further, the hydraulic crusher 4 is not limited to the one shown in FIG. 2(a), but may be any type as long as it can be inserted into the crushing holes 3a, 3b and pressurize the concrete. For example, as disclosed in FIG. 7 of the above-mentioned Patent Document 1, a protrusion provided on a rod-shaped main body may be caused to protrude outside of the main body by hydraulic pressure.

Furthermore, the pressure mechanism used for crushing concrete is not limited to a hydraulic crusher. Hereinafter, another example of the present invention using a different pressurizing mechanism for crushing concrete will be described as a second embodiment. The second embodiment will be described with respect to differences from the first embodiment, and similar configurations will be denoted by the same reference numerals in the figures, etc., and a description thereof will be omitted.

[Second embodiment]
The second embodiment differs from the first embodiment in that the concrete member 1 is dismantled using a plate jack 7 illustrated in FIG. 6(a). The plate jack 7 is a small plate-shaped pressurizing mechanism in which the outer peripheral parts of two metal plates 71 are welded together to form a bag shape, and an example thereof is disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2007-8601. There is.

The plate jack 7 is also provided with an inlet 72 for feeding fluid into the inside of the two metal plates 71, and by sending fluid such as water through the inlet 72, as shown in FIG. 6(b), The two metal plates 71 bulge and expand outward.

When dismantling the concrete member 1, first, as shown in FIG. 7(a), two slits 6a and 6b (insertion parts) are formed along the longitudinal direction of the strip-shaped dismantling range 2 on both sides of the dismantling range 2. do. The longitudinal directions of these slits 6a and 6b are parallel. The slits 6a and 6b can be formed by cutting concrete using a concrete cutter, for example.

FIGS. 7(b) and 7(c) show cross sections of the concrete member 1 in the thickness direction taken along lines CC and DD in FIG. 7(a), respectively. The slits 6a and 6b are formed so as to extend in the width direction of the disassembly range 2 from both sides of the disassembly range 2 toward the inside of the disassembly range 2 in a plane, and to extend diagonally downward in a plane in the thickness direction. . Moreover, in this embodiment, there is a gap between the tips of the slits 6a, 6b on both sides of the disassembly area 2, and the tips of these slits 6a, 6b are not continuous.

After forming the slits 6a and 6b in the concrete member 1 in this way, as shown in FIG. Insert 7. By expanding these plate jacks 7 at the same time, pressure indicated by arrow G can be applied to the surface side of the concrete member 1, as shown in FIG. 8(b). FIG. 8(b) is a cross section of the concrete member 1 along the line DD in FIG. 8(a) in the thickness direction, and the plate jack 7 is not shown.

As shown in FIG. 8(a), the pressures G applied by the two plate jacks 7 are in opposite directions within the dismantling range 2 in a plane. These pressures G push the concrete within the demolition area 2 between the slits 6a and 6b toward the surface of the concrete member 1 and crush it, causing cracks to be generated and separated (crushed) from the remaining concrete.

FIG. 8(c) shows the crushed portion 5 of the concrete at this time. The crushed portion 5 corresponds to the length of the plate jack 7 in the longitudinal direction of the disassembly area 2, and corresponds to the entire portion between the slits 6a and 6b in the width direction of the disassembly area 2.

This crushing portion 5 is also larger than the portion 51 that can be crushed when each plate jack 7 is operated individually. When the two plate jacks 7 are operated at the same time, in addition to the part 51 that can be separated when the plate jack 7 is operated alone, the part 51 that is sandwiched between the parts 51 due to the synergistic effect of operating both plate jacks 7 at the same time. This is because the concrete is additionally fractured in the broken portion 52 as well.

After this, as shown in FIG. 9(a), the insertion position of the plate jack 7 into each slit 6a, 6b is shifted in the longitudinal direction of the slit 6a, 6b to the side of the previously crushed portion 5, and the same process is performed again. Perform concrete crushing according to the procedure. As a result, as shown in FIG. 9(b), the crushed portion 5 of the concrete is continuous with the crushed portion 5 of FIG. 8(c) in the longitudinal direction of the demolition range 2. In the same manner, the plate jack 7 is used to crush the concrete while shifting the position of the plate jack 7 in the longitudinal direction of the slits 6a and 6b, thereby crushing the entire concrete in the demolition area 2 as shown in FIG. 9(c). Can be crushed.

The size of the slits 6a and 6b varies depending on the plate jack 7, but for example, the width is about 5 mm and the depth is 30 mm or more. Further, although the angle of the slits 6a and 6b in the plane in the thickness direction of the concrete member 1 is approximately 45°, the angle is not limited to this.

In this second embodiment as well, the same effects as in the first embodiment can be obtained by crushing concrete as described above using the plate jacks 7 inserted into the slits 6a and 6b.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 10(a), it is also possible to partially shift the insertion position of the plate jack 7 in the longitudinal direction of the slits 6a, 6b between both the slits 6a, 6b. As a result, as shown in FIG. 10(b), not only the portion 51 that can be crushed when the plate jack 7 is operated alone, but also the portion located next to the slits 6a and 6b of the portion 51 in the longitudinal direction. In this area, concrete is additionally crushed due to the synergistic effect of both plate jacks 7 operating simultaneously, and the crushing area 5 that can be crushed at once is further expanded, making it possible to perform demolition work more efficiently. .

Although preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, the present invention is not limited to such examples. It is clear that those skilled in the art can come up with various changes or modifications within the scope of the technical idea disclosed in this application, and these naturally fall within the technical scope of the present invention. Understood.

1, 101: Concrete member 2: Demolition range 3a, 3b, 3c, 102: Crushing hole 4: Hydraulic crusher 5: Crushing portion 6a, 6b: Slit 7: Plate jack

Claims (5)

A demolition method for dismantling concrete members,
A step (a) of providing at least two insertion portions for inserting pressure mechanisms into the concrete member obliquely from the surface of the concrete member within a plane in the thickness direction of the concrete member so that their tips are not continuous with each other. )and,
A step (b) of inserting a pressure mechanism into each of the two insertion sections and simultaneously applying pressure to the surface side of the concrete member by both pressure mechanisms to crush the concrete between the two insertion sections. and,
has
A demolition method characterized in that, in the step (b), the directions in which pressure is applied to the surface side of the concrete member by both pressurizing mechanisms intersect or face each other in a plane orthogonal to the thickness direction of the concrete member. In the step (a), a crushing hole is provided as the insertion part,
In the step (b), the pressure mechanism is inserted into each of the two crushing holes formed in the same direction, and the direction in which pressure is applied to the surface side of the concrete member by both pressure mechanisms is set so that the pressure is applied to the surface side of the concrete member. 2. The disassembling method according to claim 1, wherein the disassembly intersects in a plane perpendicular to the thickness direction of the disassembly. In the step (a), a slit is provided as the insertion portion,
In the step (b), the plate-shaped pressure mechanism is inserted into each of the two slits whose longitudinal directions are parallel, and the direction in which pressure is applied to the surface side of the concrete member by both pressure mechanisms is set to the concrete member. 2. The disassembly method according to claim 1, wherein the disassembly methods are opposite to each other in a plane perpendicular to the thickness direction of the member. 4. The disassembly method according to claim 3, wherein in the step (b), the positions of both pressure mechanisms in the longitudinal direction of the slit are partially shifted. 5. The demolition method according to claim 1, wherein the concrete member is a slab.

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