JP2023525361A - CALCIUM-BASED BENTONITE AND SOIL IMPROVEMENT AGENT CONTAINING IT - Google Patents

Abstract

It relates to a calcium-based bentonite and a soil improvement agent containing the same, and more particularly, the calcium-based bentonite includes a peak in the range of 4° to 8° 2θ value in an X-ray diffraction (XRD) graph. Characterized by

Description

The present invention relates to a calcium-based bentonite and a soil improvement agent containing the same. More specifically, the calcium-based bentonite has a peak in the range of 2θ value of 4° to 8° in an X-ray diffraction (XRD) graph. characterized by comprising

In general, plants that grow in soil absorb many nutrients from the soil. Soil basically has a lot of nutrients, but if plants continue to absorb such nutrients, the quality of the soil gradually deteriorates, resulting in an environment in which plants cannot grow. , in the case of agriculture, will lead to a decline in productivity.

In the wild, on the other hand, when wild-growing plants die, the composting of such plants, the composting of fallen leaves from trees, and the influx of nutrients from other soils transported by rainwater. , can supply nutrients continuously without changing the environment in which plants grow.

However, in the case of agriculture, herbicides are periodically sprayed to remove weeds, and chemical fertilizers and organic fertilizers are often used to compensate for the lack of nutrients in crops. However, if you use a lot of chemical fertilizers, you can supply the nutrients that crops need, but such chemical fertilizers destroy the overall balance of soil quality, and eventually you will have to use a lot of chemical fertilizers. Even so, the imbalanced soil quality not only makes it difficult to produce good quality crops, but also reduces crop productivity.

In order to prevent soil damage caused by chemical fertilizers, organic fertilizers, that is, compost, are often used, but the nutrients supplied by the compost are washed away by rainwater and the like. , the compost effect is a temporary method, applied only for one season. In other words, there is the inconvenience that compost must be spread again every busy farming season, and it is difficult to provide all the nutrients that crops require with compost alone.

Therefore, farmed soil may be periodically fallowed, or nutrient-rich soil may be covered or mixed to improve the underlying soil quality of the soil. There are also commercial uses of agricultural soil.

If the soil is allowed to fallow periodically, the economic losses due to such fallow are enormous, and therefore, many farmers rarely fallow the soil. Also, when covering soil rich in nutrients, it is not only difficult to cover many times, but also the cost is not negligible. Therefore, many soil conditioners for fundamentally improving soil properties are known. However, such a soil conditioner has the disadvantage that it must be produced by mixing many separate soil materials, thereby increasing the unit price. In addition, since the soil improvement agent also exerts the effect of soil improvement over a short period of time, in the case of soil with poor soil quality, the soil improvement agent must be supplied periodically, which ultimately reduces the production of agricultural products. It has the disadvantage of being more expensive.

Therefore, it would be desirable to provide a soil conditioner that can effectively improve soil properties by maintaining nutrients in soil for a long period of time without requiring a separate production method.

Therefore, the present inventors have been researching to solve the above inconveniences, and have developed a calcium-based bentonite that can be suitably used as a soil improvement agent, and fertilize the soil to cultivate crops. In this case, the inventors have found that it is possible to sustainably cultivate more healthy crops without further inputting chemical fertilizers, and have completed the present invention.

In this regard, Korean Patent Publication No. 10-2020-0126481 discloses a process for producing a soil conditioner using a novel Trichoderma harzianum strain.

Korean Patent Publication No. 10-2020-0126481

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a bentonite for use as a soil conditioner, which has been devised to solve the above-described disadvantages of the prior art.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a soil improvement agent containing the bentonite.

As a technical means for achieving the above technical problems, one aspect of the present invention is a bentonite for a soil improvement agent, the bentonite is a calcium (Ca)-based bentonite, and an X-ray diffraction (XRD) Provided is a bentonite for a soil improvement agent characterized by including a peak in a 2θ value range of 4° to 8° in a graph.

The bentonite for soil conditioner may contain 50 to 99 parts by weight of montmorillonite with respect to 100 parts by weight of the total.

The bentonite for soil conditioner consists of _SiO2 , _Al2O3 , _Fe2O3 , CaO, _MgO , _K2O , _Na2O , _TiO2 , _P2O5 , MnO, and _combinations thereof _. It may further comprise a substance selected from the group.

Based on 100 parts by weight of SiO ₂ , the content of Al ₂ O ₃ is 20 to 30 parts by weight, and the content of Fe ₂ O ₃ , CaO or MgO is 1 to 10 parts by weight. and the content of K ₂ O, Na ₂ O, TiO ₂ , P ₂ O ₅ or MnO may be 0.01 to 5 parts by weight.

The bentonite for soil conditioner may have a powder or granular form.

The powdered bentonite for soil conditioner may be characterized by applying 1 kg to 5 kg of soil irrigation fertilizer to an area of 100 pyeong to 500 pyeong.

The granular form of bentonite for a soil conditioner can be characterized by applying 10 kg to 350 kg of soil-mixed fertilization or soil surface spraying treatment to an area of 100 pyeong to 500 pyeong.

The bentonite for a soil improvement agent is used by sprinkling 70 g to 2 kg/300 tsubo of the bentonite for a soil improvement agent on the soil when the target crop grows excessively, such as overgrowth, overgrowth, or excessive growth, and / Or, based on 70 g to 2 kg, 500 to 1,000 times diluted bentonite for soil improvement agent, 100 to 500 times diluted inhibitor, and 1,500 to 2,500 times diluted trace element agent Foliar fertilization is possible.

The bentonite for soil improvement agent can be fertilized by soil irrigation treatment with 70 g to 2 kg/300 pyeong of bentonite for soil improvement agent when water shortage in soil, drought phenomenon or balance improvement of plant bodies.

The bentonite for soil improvement agent is used as a soil improvement agent at a concentration of 70 g to 2 kg and 500 to 1,000 times diluted when diseases such as root rot, soft rot, or powdery mildew occur in target crops. The bentonite for use and the fungicide for the disease can be mixed and sprayed on the foliage, and/or the bentonite for soil improvement agent can be watered to the soil at 70 g to 2 kg/300 tsubo.

The bentonite for soil improvement agent is used by sprinkling 70 g to 2 kg/300 tsubo of bentonite for soil improvement agent and amino acid agent on the soil when the growth of target crops is reduced due to chemical damage, cold damage, high temperature damage, or gas damage, and Or, on the basis of 70 g to 2 kg, 500 to 1,000 times diluted bentonite for soil improvement agent and 100 to 1,000 times diluted amino acid agent can be fertilized.

The above-mentioned bentonite for soil improvement agent is applied to the soil by watering and fertilizing 70 g to 2 kg / 300 tsubo of bentonite for soil improvement agent in the occurrence or prevention of lodging due to excessive soil moisture, climate instability, salt damage, and continuous crop failure. and/or foliar spraying of 500 to 1,000 times diluted bentonite for a soil improvement agent based on 70 g to 2 kg.

The bentonite for soil improvement agent is used in the case of poor growth such as poor roots or declining tree vigor of the target agricultural crop, by sprinkling 70 g to 2 kg / 300 tsubo of bentonite for soil improvement agent on the soil, or 70 g to 2 kg standard, A 500- to 1,000-fold dilution of bentonite for a soil improvement agent and a 500- to 1,000-fold dilution of an amino acid preparation can be fertilized by foliar spraying.

The absolute value of change in the electrical conductivity (ms/cm) of the soil one year after mixing the bentonite for soil improvement agent with the soil and calculated by the following Equation 1 can be 50% or more.

[Number 1]

When the bentonite for soil improvement agent is mixed with soil, the amount of change in the pH of the soil after one year, which is calculated by Equation 2 below, can be 5% or more.

[Number 2]

The absolute value of the change in TDS (total dissolved solids, ppm) of the soil one year after mixing the bentonite for soil improvement agent with the soil and calculated by the following Equation 3 can be 15% or more.

[Number 3]

In Equation 3 above, TDS can be calculated by the Australian formula (ECX700).

Another aspect of the present invention provides a soil conditioner containing the bentonite for a soil conditioner.

The soil conditioner may further include a substance selected from the group consisting of potassium phosphate, calcium phosphate, sulfur, copper, iron, molybdenum, amino acid agents, and combinations thereof.

When the bentonite for a soil improvement agent according to the present invention as described above is fertilized to soil, it preserves the effective nutrients of the soil and prevents desorption, increases the absorption rate of calcium, phosphoric acid, minerals and effective nutrients, and increases the absorption rate of effective nutrients. It has the effect of smoothing the covering, improving the storage stability, and improving the texture. Furthermore, it has the effect of reducing nutrients present in the soil in an insolubilized state to a soluble form. It is useful for the growth of effective microorganisms, the development of fine roots, the prevention of root rot, the prevention of viruses caused by nutritional deficiencies, and the stress relief of plant bodies, and has the effect of enabling the smooth absorption of inorganic and organic nutrients from the soil.

In addition, when using it regularly, the leaves become thicker, the flower base is strengthened, the lateral veins are formed, the size of the leaves is reduced and strengthened, the internode length is shortened, the trunk becomes thicker, the coloration is increased, and the fruit drop phenomenon occurs. It has effects such as reduction, enlargement of fruit, digestion and absorption of undigested nitrogen, and reduction of cracking phenomenon of grapes in the rainy season.

1 is a schematic diagram showing the chemical composition of bentonite according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing swelling properties of bentonite according to an embodiment of the present invention; 1 is a table showing heavy metal components of bentonite according to one embodiment of the present invention; 1 is an XRD graph of bentonite according to an example of the present invention; FIG. 4 is a diagram showing test results of bentonite according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 4 is a photograph showing electrical conductivity and pH results of soil according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 4 is a photograph showing electrical conductivity and pH results of soil according to a comparative example; FIG. 4 is a photograph showing the TDS result value (Australian formula) of soil according to one embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 10 is a photograph showing TDS result values (Australian formula) of soil according to a comparative example. FIG. 2 is a photograph showing the state of branches cultivated according to an example and a comparative example of the present invention; FIG. 4 is a photograph showing cultivating branches according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 3 is a photograph showing the state of red pepper cultivated according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 4 is a photograph showing the state of red pepper cultivated according to a comparative example; 1 is a photograph showing the state of ginseng grown according to an example and a comparative example of the present invention; FIG. FIG. 2 is a photograph showing the state of Chinese cabbage grown according to an example and a comparative example of the present invention; 1 is a photograph showing the state of rice grown according to an example and a comparative example of the present invention; FIG. 1 is a photograph showing the state of peaches cultivated according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. FIG. 2 is a photograph showing the state of leek cultivated according to an embodiment of the present invention; 1 is a photograph showing the state of apples grown according to an example and a comparative example of the present invention; FIG. 1 is a photograph showing the state of zucchini grown according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 1 is a photograph showing the state of plums grown according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 1 is a photograph showing the state of roots of crops cultivated according to an example and a comparative example of the present invention; FIG. FIG. 4 is a photograph showing the state of lawn grass according to a comparative example; FIG. 4 is a photograph showing the state of lawn grass according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 2 is a photograph showing the state of scallions cultivated according to an example and a comparative example of the present invention; 1 is a photograph showing the state of sesame grown according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 1 is a photograph showing the state of sesame grown according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. FIG. 4 is a photograph showing the state of Japanese white melon cultivated according to a comparative example of the present invention; FIG. 4 is a photograph showing the state of Japanese white melon cultivated according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 4 is a photograph showing the state of Japanese white melon cultivated according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 4 is a photograph showing the state of Japanese white melon cultivated according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 4 is a photograph showing the state of Japanese white melon cultivated according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 4 is a photograph showing the state of Japanese white melon cultivated according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 4 is a photograph showing the state of Japanese white melon cultivated according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 4 is a photograph showing the measurement of the sugar content of Japanese melon cultivated according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 3 is a photograph showing the measurement of the sugar content of Japanese melon cultivated according to a comparative example. 1 is a photograph showing the state of tomatoes grown according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 1 is a photograph showing the state of tomatoes grown according to a comparative example and an example of the present invention; FIG. FIG. 2 is a photograph showing the state of green onions cultivated according to an example and a comparative example of the present invention; FIG. 2 is a photograph showing the state of a flower (lisianthus) cultivated according to an embodiment of the present invention;

The present invention will be described in more detail below. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited by the examples set forth herein, but rather by the claims set forth below. be.

Moreover, the terminology used in the present invention is merely used to describe particular embodiments and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. Singular expressions include plural expressions unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. As used throughout the specification of the present invention, the term "comprising" a component means that it can further include other components, rather than excluding other components, unless specifically stated to the contrary.

A first aspect of the present application is a bentonite for a soil improvement agent, wherein the bentonite is a calcium (Ca)-based bentonite and has a peak in the range of 2θ values of 4° to 8° in an X-ray diffraction (XRD) graph. To provide a bentonite for a soil conditioner, characterized by comprising:

A second aspect of the present application provides a soil conditioner comprising bentonite for a soil conditioner according to the first aspect of the present application.

The bentonite for soil conditioner according to the first aspect of the present application and the soil conditioner according to the second aspect of the present application will now be described in detail.

In one embodiment of the present application, the bentonite for soil conditioner may be calcium (Ca)-based bentonite. Normally, bentonite can be classified into calcium (Ca)-based or sodium (Na)-based bentonite, but sodium (Na)-based bentonite can only be used in soil under certain conditions, type of inconvenience may occur. On the other hand, in the case of calcium (Ca)-based bentonite, it is not limited to soil under specific conditions, and can be used in soils of various soil qualities (conditions), so it is very efficient as a soil improvement agent.

In one embodiment of the present application, the smectite, which is the main component mineral constituting the bentonite, is a _SiO4 tetrahedral sheet and an _Al2 (OH) ₆ octahedral sheet, which are silicate mineral skeleton structures. ) are combined in a ratio of 2:1 to form a functional hydroxylaluminosilicate mineral forming a layered structure.

At this time, the 2:1 layer has a form in which one octahedral plate is located in the center, and two tetrahedral plates are joined to face each other both above and below this octahedral plate, and this basic unit The space between is called an interlayer (see FIG. 1). The interlayer bonds between the tetrahedral structural units are very weak, and can have an interlayer structure feature in which not only cations and H ₂ O but also organic ions and molecules can easily intervene.

In one embodiment of the present application, the bentonite has the property of absorbing water from between the basic unit layers (interlayers) and swelling. The swelling reaches 20-50 ml/2g, and Ca-bentonite is known to be less than 20 ml/2g (see Figure 2).

In one embodiment of the present application, the bentonite itself is rich in nutrients and inorganic compounds (see Figure 3) and has considerable swelling properties, thus swelling useful nutrients originally present in the soil. It has the effect of preserving in a well-ventilated space and preventing detachment, increasing the absorption rate of calcium, phosphoric acid, minerals and effective nutrients. , also helps to enhance the texture. In addition, the adsorptive properties of bentonite allow it to adsorb nutrients present in the soil in an insoluble form and reduce them to a soluble form through cation exchange so that the nutrients can be supplied to crops. The swelling property reduces the need to supply water frequently, and furthermore, water can be stably supplied to crops. Especially in supplying water in dry weather, a greater effect can be obtained.

In one embodiment of the present application, the calcium (Ca)-based bentonite may include a peak in a 2θ value range of 4° to 8° in an X-ray diffraction (XRD) graph. In this case, the peak in the above range means montmorillonite, and the bentonite for soil conditioner may contain 50 to 99 parts by weight of montmorillonite with respect to 100 parts by weight of the total. In addition, the calcium (Ca)-based bentonite may include peaks in the 2θ value range of 21° to 24° and 34° to 40° in addition to the peaks in the X-ray diffraction (XRD) graph. The range peaks can be taken to mean quartz (SiO ₂ ). In addition, the calcium (Ca)-based bentonite may further include peaks in the 2θ value ranges of 27° to 29° and 30° to 32° in the X-ray diffraction (XRD) graph. peak can be taken to mean feldspar. That is, the calcium (Ca)-based bentonite contains montmorillonite as a main component, and may further contain quartz and feldspar. On the other hand, when the content of montmorillonite is less than 50 parts by weight based on the total 100 parts by weight of calcium (Ca)-based bentonite, it is difficult to define as calcium (Ca)-based bentonite. Since the content of the additional substance is relatively small, there may be a disadvantage that the effect as a soil improvement agent is reduced.

In one embodiment of _the present application, _the bentonite for soil conditioner includes _SiO2 , _Al2O3 , _Fe2O3 , CaO, _MgO , _K2O , _Na2O , _TiO2 , _P2O5 , MnO, and , a substance selected from the group consisting of combinations thereof.

In one embodiment of the present application, the SiO ₂ may serve as a plant skeleton and prevent crop lodging. In particular, in paddy rice cultivation, the SiO ₂ may play an important role in preventing lodging. In addition, it has the function of protecting the roots from rotting even when the soil is flooded or contains excessive moisture, not only greatly reducing damage, but also concentration disturbance (penetration) when using various pesticides and excessive fertilizers. pressure), and can play a role in reducing gas damage. In addition to this, it has the function of suppressing excessive absorption of nitrogen and reducing the length of internodes, and secretes long-term defense substances when pathogens and the like are invaded by RNA and DNA in the cells of agricultural crops. In addition, it can produce allelopathic substances such as phenolic compounds and phytotoxins to prevent the invasion of pathogenic bacteria.

In one embodiment of the present application, the Al ₂ O ₃ can be present between two layers of bentonite SiO ₂ , has a physical structure that tends to swell on contact with water, and is water soluble. It can be effective in preventing fertilizer from being washed away, moistening soil and moistening crops.

In one embodiment of the present application, the Fe ₂ O ₃ may have a function of helping the coloring of fruits among crops. In addition, the CaO has the function of dissociating calcium (Ca) bound to salt insolubilized by bentonite in the soil and pulling it up so that it can be used by plants, and strengthens the cells of agricultural products and increases the hardness of fruits. can have the effect of

In one embodiment of the present application, the MgO is a raw material for chlorophyll, which increases chlorophyll in the leaves of crops, and when the chlorophyll increases, it promotes photosynthesis and produces nutrients for plants. It can be useful for faster performance and growth cycle. Also, it may play a role in assisting the movement of phosphate.

In one embodiment of the present application, the K ₂ O may serve to transfer the nutrients required by the plant to the leaves once the nutrients are absorbed by the roots. In addition, it may play a role in helping the coloring of fruits.

In one embodiment of the present application, the TiO ₂ is a metallic component and plays a role in enhancing the immunity of plant cells, strengthening the cells, and improving the disease resistance of crops.

In one embodiment of the present application, the P ₂ O ₅ can play a role in forming the taproot of the plant and assisting in the enlargement of the fruit. Plant roots are divided into taproots and fine roots. The substances involved in the formation of taproots are nitrogen, phosphorus, and water, while the substances involved in the formation of fine roots (fibrous roots) are minerals, trace elements, and water. (Among the elements named in this specification, elements that plants need in trace amounts are called trace elements, and substances that have not yet been named or have not yet been classified as plant trace elements in the scientific community are called minerals. known as).

In one embodiment of the present application, MnO is classified as a trace element for plants, but when it is deficient, yellowing and whitening of leaves may occur, and tree vigor may be reduced.

In one embodiment of the present application, the content of Al ₂ O ₃ is 20 to 30 parts by weight, and the content of Fe ₂ O ₃ , CaO or MgO is 1 part by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of SiO ₂ . parts to 10 parts by weight, and the content of K ₂ O, Na ₂ O, TiO ₂ , P ₂ O ₅ or MnO may be 0.01 parts to 1 part by weight. At this time, preferably, the content of Al ₂ O ₃ is 20 to 25 parts by weight, and the content of Fe ₂ O ₃ , CaO or MgO is 2 parts by weight _based on 100 parts by weight of SiO 2 . 6 parts by weight, the content of K ₂ O, Na ₂ O, TiO ₂ or P ₂ O ₅ is 0.1-0.8 parts by weight, and the content of MnO is 0.01-6 parts by weight. It can be 0.1 parts by weight. On the other hand _, according to _one embodiment of the present invention, weight mixing of _SiO2 , _Al2O3 , _Fe2O3 , CaO, _MgO , _K2O , _Na2O , _TiO2 , _P2O5 and MnO The ratio can be 64.1:15.2:2.89:2.45:3.03:0.45:0.33:0.37:0.1:0.04. When the content range of the substance is less than or exceeds the above range, the content range of other substances is relatively out of the range, which may hinder the role of each substance as described above. As a result, there may be a problem that the effect as a soil improvement agent is reduced.

In one embodiment of the present application, the bentonite for soil conditioner is pulverized so that 90% or more can pass through an 850 μm sieve, the CEC (Cation Exchange Capacity) is 80 cmol+/kg or more, and the water content is 12%. It can be manufactured as follows. However, in some cases, the bentonite can also be produced in granular form instead of powder.

In one embodiment of the present application, when the bentonite for a soil conditioner is in the form of powder, fruit vegetables such as eggplant, red pepper, Japanese melon, strawberry, watermelon, cucumber, tomato, and pumpkin, perilla, Chinese cabbage, kakichisha, and spinach , vegetables typified by parsley, bulb vegetables typified by garlic and onions, root vegetables typified by carrots and radishes, special crops such as cnidium and carrots, sesame, wheat, turfgrass, It can be applied to crops such as corn, and fruit trees such as persimmons, chestnuts, pears, peaches, apples and grapes. At that time, in the case of fruit trees, in the case of persimmons, apply to persimmon trees that are 11 years old or more; in the case of chestnuts, apply to chestnut trees that are 10 to 14 years old; Applies to pear trees, peach trees over 11 years old, apple trees over 15-20 years old, and grape vines over 11 years old. be able to. On the other hand, the powdery bentonite may be fertilized in an area of 100 pyeong to 500 pyeong in an area of 70 g to 2 kg, preferably 1 kg to 2 kg in an area of about 300 pyeong. be able to.

In one embodiment of the present application, in the case of excessive growth such as excessive growth, overgrowth, and overgrowth, when poor flowering and falling flowers persist, and when malformation, deformed leaves, and falling fruits occur, the above measures are taken. 70 g to 2 kg/300 tsubo of powdered bentonite (bentonite powder) is sprinkled on the soil, and/or bentonite powder is diluted 500 to 1,000 times based on 70 g to 2 kg, and an inhibitor (potassium phosphate, A 100 to 500-fold dilution of calcium phosphate) and a 2,000-fold dilution of trace elements (sulfur, copper, iron, molybdenum) can be applied to the foliage. In this case, the term "dilution times" means a substance diluted with water, and for example, the term "100 times dilution times" means a substance diluted with water by 100 times by weight. On the other hand, all dilute multiples in the following should be understood to have the same meanings as above.

In one embodiment of the present application, 70 g to 2 kg/300 pyeong of bentonite powder can be irrigated and fertilized as a countermeasure against dehydration in the soil, drought phenomenon, and improvement of plant body balance.

In one embodiment of the present application, when various diseases such as root rot, soft rot, and powdery mildew occur, bentonite for a soil improvement agent is diluted 1,000 times based on 70 g to 2 kg with the fungicide as a countermeasure against it. and a fungicide for foliar application, and/or 70 g to 2 kg/300 tsubo of bentonite powder can be watered in the soil.

In one embodiment of the present application, when the growth is reduced due to chemical damage, cold damage, high temperature damage, gas damage, etc., as a countermeasure against it, 70 g to 2 kg/300 tsubo of bentonite powder and amino acid preparation are sprinkled on the soil, and/or , 1,000-fold diluted bentonite powder and 500-fold diluted amino acid agent can be sprayed on the foliage based on 70 g to 2 kg.

In one embodiment of the present application, 70 g to 2 kg/300 tsubo of bentonite powder is used as a countermeasure against excessive soil moisture, lodging due to climate instability (typhoon, rainy season), salt damage, and continuous cropping damage. It can be fertilized by soil irrigation and/or foliar application of 500 to 1,000 times diluted bentonite powder on a basis of 70 g to 2 kg.

In one embodiment of the present application, as a countermeasure against poor growth such as root failure and reduced tree vigor, 70 g to 2 kg/300 tsubo of bentonite powder is sprinkled on the soil, and/or 70 g to 2 kg of bentonite powder is added to the soil. A 1,000-fold dilution and a 500-fold dilution of the amino acid agent can be applied by foliar spraying.

In one embodiment of the present application, when the bentonite for soil conditioner is in granular form, it can be applied to all the crops to which the powder is applied as described above, such as paddy rice such as rice, which is difficult to apply with powder, and flowering plants and asparagus. Applied to gas, it can be applied to tangerines, walnuts, plums and apricots and fruit trees. At this time, the bentonite in granular form can be characterized by applying 10 kg to 200 kg to an area of 100 pyeong to 500 pyeong, preferably 10 kg to 200 kg to an area of about 300 pyeong. can do.

In the case of granules, the amount of fertilizer applied should be 10-20 kg for rice cultivation, 40-150 kg for fruit vegetables, 40-120 kg for leafy vegetables, and bulbs, based on 1000 m ² (300 tsubo). Fertilize 20 to 60 kg for vegetables, 20 to 60 kg for root vegetables, 20 to 60 kg for cnidium cnidium, 60 to 150 kg for carrots, and 20 to 150 kg for sesame and wheat. It is preferable to fertilize 60 kg, fertilize 30 kg for lawn grass, fertilize 10 to 40 kg for corn, fertilize 40 to 80 kg for flowers and asparagus, and fertilize 15 to 30 kg for fruit trees. However, it is not limited to this.

In one embodiment of the present application, the bentonite for soil improvement agent is mixed with soil, and the absolute value of the change in the electrical conductivity (ms / cm) of the soil after one year calculated by the following Equation 1 is 50% or more can be

[Number 1]

Further, the bentonite for soil improvement agent is mixed with soil, and the amount of change in the pH of the soil after one year, which is calculated by Equation 2 below, can be 5% or more.

[Number 2]

At this time, the amount of change in electrical conductivity (ms/cm) calculated by Equation 1 may have a negative (minus) value, and the amount of pH change calculated by Equation 2 may be positive (plus ). That is, when the bentonite for soil improvement agent is mixed with soil, the electrical conductivity (ms/cm) value may decrease and the pH may increase. On the other hand, the soil to be measured one year later means soil in which bentonite for soil improvement agent is mixed with soil, irrigated at intervals of 7 to 15 days, and crops are cultivated under periodic management. can be done.

Contrary to this, first, the principle of soil improvement is that bentonite is an insolubilized (strongly bound to salt) nutrient in the soil. If the ring is cleaved by SiO ₂ (physical and chemical component of silicon dioxide contained in bentonite), the high CEC (cation exchange capacity CEC 80-130) of bentonite will play a role in storing essential nutrients for colloidalized plants. Become. In addition, due to the swelling property of bentonite (the property of swelling when it meets water, moisturizing property), the six major plant nutrients nitrogen, phosphoric acid, potassium, magnesium, sulfur, calcium, and potassium, a water-soluble nutrient that is rapidly leached into water. , Nitrogen, trace elements, minerals, etc., and play a role of storing nutrients to create a good environment for plants to grow.

In this case, the bentonite for soil improvement agent according to the present invention may be a substance that is not chemically treated, contains a large amount of metallic components, and exhibits high electrical conductivity. However, as explained above, plants grow by exchanging with light reaction/dark reaction (energy generation action of plants, the final product of which is the energy "sugar" ATP of plants), Electrical conductivity can be low. At this time, to explain the exchange action in more detail, hydrogen (H ⁺ ) ions, which are cations, and oxygen ions (O ⁻ ) can become exchanged and absorb nutrients. Therefore, this is called an exchange action. For example, in the case of _SiO2 , silicate ions, which are Si ⁺ , are absorbed by the exchange action, and the form in which nutrients are stored by CEC is the form of colloidal ions Si ⁺ , Ca ²⁺ , etc., can be stored in the bentonite. At this time, the nutrients stored in the form of ions absorb nutrients even if the plant does not forcefully excrete root acid from fine roots and fine roots (fibrous roots), and the growth cycle is accelerated. It can benefit from the production of ATP "sugars" for energy.

On the other hand, when bentonite is mixed with soil and supplied with water, it begins to improve the soil. Metal elements (Na, K), alkaline earth metal elements (Ca), aluminum group elements (Al), zinc group elements (Zn), titanium group elements (Ti), chromium group elements (Mo), manganese group elements (Mn ), iron elements (Fe), etc., and contains many metallic minerals in the heavy metal inspection, which is an XRF inspection). During cultivation, plants absorb the elements they need (at the same time, as mentioned above, bentonite acts to improve the soil and the plants consume nutrients), and the principle of soil improvement can do.

In addition, the bentonite is a mineral whose main component is silicic acid, which plays the role of the backbone essential for plants. It can also act to take root.

On the other hand, the higher the salt concentration of the soil (the fertilizer component insolubilized in the soil = the electrical conductivity = the EC concentration), the more the amount of microorganisms in the soil and the more the number of pathogenic bacteria. In other words, in the above soil, many diseases may occur, and it is very important to control the soil salt concentration. On the other hand, nitrogen accumulates, the growth of crops deteriorates, suppression of calcium absorption and gas disturbance due to nitrous acid production may occur. Therefore, when the bentonite for a soil improvement agent according to the present invention is mixed with soil, the electric conductivity (EC concentration) value decreases, so that the soil improvement effect can be obtained.

In one embodiment of the present application, the bentonite can be mildly alkaline and have a pH of about 7.7-8.9. That is, by applying the bentonite to agricultural land that has been acidified by excessive use of fertilizers and pesticides, the acidic soil can be neutralized.

In one embodiment of the present application, the absolute value of the change in TDS (total dissolved solids, ppm) of the soil one year after the bentonite for soil improvement agent is mixed with the soil and calculated by the following Equation 3 is 15% or more. can be of

[Number 3]

At this time, in Equation 3, TDS can be calculated by the Australian formula (ECX700). Like the electrical conductivity, the TDS variation may also have a negative (negative) value. Therefore, when the soil conditioner bentonite is mixed with soil, the TDS (ppm) value may decrease. On the other hand, the soil to be measured one year later means soil in which bentonite for soil improvement agent is mixed with soil, irrigated at intervals of 7 to 15 days, and crops are cultivated under periodic management. can be done.

In one embodiment of the present application, said TDS can mean dissolved minerals, salinity, metals, cations, anions in water, i.e. total salts dissolved in soil solution, including NaCl and CaCl The combined value of ₂ can be meant. At this time, the greater the total dissolved salt, the greater the damage caused by salt damage. If the bentonite for a soil improvement agent according to the present invention is mixed with soil, the TDS (ppm) value will decrease, so the effect of soil improvement. can be played.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail so that those skilled in the art can easily implement the present invention. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein.

[Example 1] Preparation of bentonite for soil improvement agent Bentonite to be used as a soil improvement agent was prepared.

At that time, the bentonite is a calcium (Ca)-based bentonite, and the XRD analysis result of the bentonite is shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 4, the bentonite according to the example of the present invention showed a peak in the 2θ value range of 4° to 8°, confirming that it was a calcium (Ca)-based bentonite containing montmorillonite. , quartz (SiO ₂ , Q peak) and feldspar (F peak).

In addition, the analysis of the physicochemical components of the bentonite was requested to the Korea Chemistry Convergence Testing and Research Institute, and the results are shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 5, it was confirmed that the bentonite according to the example of the present invention contains a large amount of components that are advantageous for cultivating crops.

[Experimental Example 1] Measurement of electrical conductivity and pH Changes in electrical conductivity (EC) and pH were measured when soil was fertilized with the bentonite for soil improvement agent prepared in the above example.

More specifically, before fertilizing with bentonite, the electrical conductivity and pH of the soil are measured (comparative example), the bentonite is mixed with the soil, and irrigation is periodically managed at intervals of 7 to 15 days. After one year of cultivation, the electrical conductivity and pH of the soil were measured (Example), and the resulting values are shown in FIGS. 6a and 6b and Table 1 below.

As shown in Table 1, it was confirmed that when the bentonite for soil conditioner according to the examples of the present invention was applied to the soil, the electrical conductivity decreased and the pH slightly increased. Therefore, it was confirmed that the salt content of the soil was reduced and that there was an improvement effect, and it was confirmed that more appropriate conditions were created for cultivating crops by neutralizing acid soil.

[Experimental Example 2] Measurement of TDS Change in TDS was measured when the bentonite for soil improvement agent prepared in the above example was applied to soil.

More specifically, the TDS of the soil before fertilizing with bentonite was measured (comparative example), bentonite was mixed with the soil, irrigation was periodically managed at intervals of 7 to 15 days, and crops were cultivated. The TDS of the soil after one year was measured (Example) and the resulting values are shown in Figures 7a and 7b and Table 2 below.

As shown in Table 2, it was confirmed that the TDS value decreased when the bentonite for soil conditioner according to the examples of the present invention was applied to the soil. Therefore, it was confirmed that the total amount of dissolved salts in the soil was reduced and that there was an improvement effect.

[Experimental Example 3] Results of Cultivation of Crop Various crops were cultivated by fertilizing the soil with bentonite for soil conditioner prepared in the above example, and the results are shown in FIGS. 8 to 26, respectively.

1. Eggplant As shown in FIG. 8, the eggplant of the comparative example cultivated without treatment with the bentonite for soil improvement agent exhibited a curling phenomenon, which is a symptom of shoulder moss, on the calyx. It was confirmed that the eggplants of the example cultivated by treating with were grown while the patterns were arranged into beautiful fruits (the fibrous roots were strong).

In addition, as shown in FIG. 9, it was confirmed that when the bentonite for soil improvement agent was treated, the roots were induced to take root, resulting in a large number of true fruits, and high quality and high yield.

At this time, the method of using the bentonite for soil conditioner was watering treatment three to four times at intervals of 15 days.

2. Red pepper As shown in Figures 10a and 10b, the red pepper of the example cultivated after being treated with bentonite for a soil conditioner had improved coloration and enlargement compared to the red pepper of the comparative example cultivated without the treatment. It was confirmed that the growth became active when the seedlings of chili pepper were used.

3. As shown in FIG. 11, the vine ginseng of the example cultivated after being treated with bentonite for a soil improvement agent has a larger root size than the vine ginseng of the comparative example cultivated without the treatment. It was confirmed that there was an improvement.

4. Chinese cabbage As shown in FIG. 12, the Chinese cabbage of the example cultivated after being treated with the bentonite for a soil conditioner is much more uniform and tougher than the Chinese cabbage of the comparative example cultivated without the treatment. I can confirm that it has grown.

6. Rice As shown in FIG. 13, it was confirmed that the rice of the example cultivated after being treated with the bentonite for soil improvement had more developed roots than the rice of the comparative example cultivated without being treated with bentonite. did it.

7. Peaches As shown in FIG. 14, the peaches of the example cultivated after being treated with the bentonite for soil improvement agent are able to withstand the fruit even if the fruit exceeds the limit point, and it is possible to harvest more. It could be confirmed.

At this time, the method of using the bentonite for a soil conditioner was foliar spraying at intervals of 7 to 10 days, and the recommended usage amount was 25 μg/500 g at intervals of 15 days.

8. As shown in FIG. 15, the leek of the example cultivated after being treated with the bentonite for a soil conditioner has a moisturizing effect and has a strong root fibrous root, which eliminates the phenomenon of withered leaf tips and has a high content of organic silicic acid, making it crispy. It was confirmed that

9. Apples As shown in FIG. 16, the apples of the example cultivated after being treated with the bentonite for soil improvement showed improved fertilization and the amount of fruit set compared to the apples of the comparative example cultivated without the treatment. It was confirmed that it was enhanced (increased yield, improved storage).

10. Zucchini As shown in FIG. 17, it was confirmed that the zucchini of the example cultivated after being treated with bentonite for soil improvement had crispy and thick leaves, and the aging phenomenon was prolonged. In addition, it was confirmed that the induction of root attachment resulted in a large number of straight fruits, and high quality and high yields were possible.

11. Prunes As shown in FIG. 18, the prunes of the example cultivated after being treated with the bentonite for soil improvement agent are able to bear the fruit even if the fruit grows beyond the limit point, and it is possible to harvest a large amount. was confirmed.

12. Roots of crops As shown in FIG. 19, the crops of the example cultivated after being treated with the bentonite for soil conditioner had roots that grew more vigorously than the crops of the comparative example cultivated without the treatment. I was able to confirm that.

13. Turfgrass As shown in Figures 20a and 20b, when turfgrass not treated with bentonite for soil improvement agent (Figure 20a) was treated with bentonite for soil improvement agent (Figure 20b), turfgrass with poor growth (impaired root attachment) It could be confirmed that the growth returned favorably after about 10 days.

14. Scallion As shown in FIG. 21, the scallion of the example cultivated by treating the bentonite for a soil improvement agent grows more stably even at high temperature than the scallion of the comparative example cultivated without the treatment. , it was confirmed that the leaf size increased and the leaf color improved.

15. Sesame As shown in Figures 22a and 22b, the sesame of the example cultivated after being treated with the bentonite for soil improvement increased the yield of sesame compared to the sesame of the comparative example cultivated without the treatment. , It was confirmed that the inside of many sesame seeds was substantial. In addition, it was confirmed that the sesame seeds grew uniformly and favorably.

16. Japanese white melon As shown in Fig. 23a, in the case of Japanese white melon cultivated without treatment with bentonite for a soil improvement agent, vine senescence progresses a lot, the volume of fibrous roots is small, and the vine collapses (no high harvest). was confirmed. On the other hand, as shown in Figs. 23b to 23g, the Japanese melon of the example cultivated after being treated with bentonite for a soil improvement agent has lively vines and is prevented from aging. It was confirmed that it was maintained (Fig. 23b). In addition, the fruit grows while adjusting the shape (the volume of the fibrous root is large, Fig. 23c), and the color is very clear and smooth (the digestive absorption efficiency of undigested nitrogen and phosphoric acid is 5%). An increase of more than double, Fig. 23d) could be confirmed. In addition to this, even if many fruits are bearing on the plant body, the plant body can withstand it (multiple harvests are possible), and it induces early root rooting and balances the vine from the early stages of Japanese melon growth. It was confirmed that they grew (FIGS. 23e to 23g).

On the other hand, as shown in FIGS. 24a and 24b, it was confirmed that the Japanese melon of the example cultivated after being treated with bentonite for soil improvement had a sugar content of up to 22.3 brix. The sugar content of the Japanese white melon of the comparative example, which was cultivated without the seeds, was measured to be 17 brix, confirming that there is a large difference in sugar content.

17. Tomato As shown in FIG. 25a, the tomato of the example cultivated by treating the bentonite for a soil improvement agent has high quality and can be harvested more, and the number of inflorescences is 5 to 5 compared to the existing inflorescence of 4 to 5. It was confirmed that up to 7 inflorescences could be further harvested (multiple harvests), and that tomatoes were well enlarged due to the induction of root and root root attachment, prevention of root rot, moisturizing effect, and nutrient storage capacity.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 25b, the tomatoes of the example cultivated after being treated with the bentonite for soil conditioner had a larger leaf size and the number of leaves than the tomatoes of the comparative example cultivated without the treatment. It was confirmed that there was a large difference in the color of the leaves, and the leaf color became darker.

18. Green onion As shown in FIG. 26, the green onion of the example cultivated by treating the bentonite for a soil improvement agent has improved fertilization and the amount of fruit set compared to the green onion of the comparative example cultivated without treating it. It was confirmed that the increase/increase in yield and storage stability were improved.

19. Flower (lisianthus)
As shown in FIG. 27, it was confirmed that the flowers (lisianthus) grown after being treated with bentonite for a soil conditioner had short and thick internode lengths and large buds.

At this time, the method of using the bentonite for soil improvement agent is to use 500 g per bag per 200 tsubo on the 15th, and when using granules, 2 to 4 packets per 200 tsubo (4 packets include additional fertilization). used.

Although the present invention has been described in detail along with preferred embodiments with reference to the drawings, the scope of the technical idea of the present invention is not limited by such drawings and embodiments. Therefore, various modifications or equivalent embodiments can exist within the scope of the technical idea of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of rights of the technical idea according to the present invention should be construed according to the claims, and technical ideas within the same or equivalent range should be construed as belonging to the scope of rights of the present invention. be.

Claims (18)

A bentonite for a soil conditioner,
The bentonite for a soil improvement agent is characterized in that the bentonite is a calcium (Ca)-based bentonite and has a peak in a 2θ value range of 4° to 8° in an X-ray diffraction (XRD) graph. The bentonite for a soil improvement agent according to claim 1, wherein the bentonite for a soil improvement agent contains 50 to 99 parts by weight of montmorillonite with respect to 100 parts by weight of the total. _The bentonite for _soil conditioner is selected from the group consisting of _SiO2 , _Al2O3 , _Fe2O3 , CaO, _MgO , _K2O , _Na2O , _TiO2 , _P2O5 , MnO and combinations thereof. 3. The soil conditioner bentonite of claim 2, further comprising selected materials. Based on 100 parts by weight of SiO ₂ , the content of Al ₂ O ₃ is 20 to 30 parts by weight, and the content of Fe ₂ O ₃ , CaO or MgO is 1 to 10 parts by weight. The bentonite for soil conditioner according to claim 3, wherein the content of K ₂ O, Na ₂ O, TiO ₂ , P ₂ O ₅ or MnO is 0.01 to 1 part by weight. The bentonite for a soil improvement agent according to claim 1, wherein the bentonite for a soil improvement agent has a powdery or granular form. [6] The bentonite for a soil conditioner according to claim 5, wherein 70g to 2kg of the powdered bentonite for a soil conditioner is applied to an area of 100 pyeong to 500 pyeong. The bentonite for a soil conditioner according to claim 5, wherein the bentonite for a soil conditioner in the form of granules is fertilized in an area of 100 to 500 pyeong in an area of 100 to 500 pyeong in an amount of 10 to 350 kg. The bentonite for soil improvement agent is watered with 70 g to 2 kg/300 tsubo of soil, or 70 g to Based on 2 kg, 500 to 1,000 times diluted bentonite for soil improvement agent, 100 to 500 times diluted inhibitor, and 1,500 to 2,500 times diluted trace element agent are applied to the foliage. The bentonite for a soil improvement agent according to claim 1, wherein the bentonite is The bentonite for soil improvement agent is fertilized by irrigating 70 g to 2 kg/300 tsubo soil of bentonite for soil improvement agent at the time of dehydration in soil, drought phenomenon, or improvement of plant body balance. 2. Bentonite for soil improvement agent according to 1. The bentonite for soil conditioner should be diluted 500 times to 1,000 times on the basis of 70 g to 2 kg when diseases such as root rot, soft rot or powdery mildew of target crops occur. The bentonite for soil conditioner according to claim 1, which is mixed with a disease fungicide and sprayed on the leaves, or 70 g to 2 kg/300 tsubo of bentonite for soil conditioner is sprinkled on the soil. The bentonite for soil improvement agent is used by sprinkling 70 g to 2 kg/300 tsubo of bentonite for soil improvement agent and an amino acid agent on the soil when the growth of target crops is reduced due to chemical damage, cold damage, high temperature damage or gas damage, or The bentonite for soil improvement agent according to claim 1, which is fertilized with 500 to 1,000 times diluted bentonite for soil improvement agent and 100 to 1,000 times diluted amino acid agent on a basis of 70 g to 2 kg. The bentonite for soil improvement agent is applied by sprinkling 70 g to 2 kg/300 pyeong of soil with 70 g to 2 kg/300 tsubo soil of bentonite for soil improvement agent when lodging due to excessive soil moisture, climate instability, salt damage, continuous crop failure, or prevention, or 2. The bentonite for a soil conditioner according to claim 1, wherein the bentonite for a soil conditioner according to claim 1 is fertilized by foliar spraying of 500 to 1,000 times diluted on a basis of 70 g to 2 kg. The bentonite for soil improvement agent is watered with 70 g to 2 kg/300 tsubo of soil when the target agricultural crop has poor roots or poor growth such as declining tree vigor, or 70 g to 2 kg standard, 2. The bentonite for a soil improvement agent according to claim 1, wherein a 500- to 1,000-fold dilution of the bentonite for the soil improvement agent and a 500- to 1,000-fold dilution of the amino acid agent are applied to the foliage for fertilizer application. Claim 1, wherein the absolute value of change in electrical conductivity (ms/cm) of the soil one year after the bentonite for soil improvement agent is mixed with the soil is 50% or more, as calculated by Equation 1 below. Bentonite for soil improvement agents according to.
[Number 1]

2. The bentonite for a soil improvement agent according to claim 1, wherein the bentonite for a soil improvement agent is mixed with soil, and after one year the amount of change in pH of the soil calculated by Equation 2 below is 5% or more.
[Number 2]

The bentonite for soil improvement agent is mixed with soil, and the absolute value of the change in TDS (total dissolved solids, ppm) of the soil after one year calculated by the following equation 3 is 15% or more. Item 1. Bentonite for soil improvement agent according to item 1.
[Number 3]

A soil improvement agent comprising the bentonite for soil improvement agent according to claim 1 . 18. The soil conditioner of claim 17, wherein the soil conditioner further comprises a substance selected from the group consisting of potassium phosphate, calcium phosphate, sulfur, copper, iron, molybdenum, amino acid agents and combinations thereof.

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