JP2023516556A - 化学反応を実行するための反応器および方法 - Google Patents
化学反応を実行するための反応器および方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
Claims (15)
- 化学反応を実行するための反応器(100、200)であって、反応器容器(10)および1つまたは複数の反応管(20)を有し、いずれの場合も、前記1つまたは複数の反応管(20)の多数の管部分(21,22)が、前記反応器容器(10)内の第1の領域(11)と第2の領域(12)との間を通り、いずれの場合も、前記管部分(21、22)の電気的加熱のために、前記第1の領域(11)における前記管部分(21,22)は、多相交流電源(50)の相接合部に電気的に接続されているか、または接続可能であり、前記反応器(100、200)は、前記第2の領域(12)における前記管部分(21、22)が、単一の剛性接合要素(30)によって全体として、または、複数の剛性接合要素(30)によってグループで互いに導電的に接続され、前記剛性接合要素(30)は、前記1つまたは複数の反応管(20)に一体的に接続され、前記反応器容器(10)内に配置されることを特徴とする、反応器(100、200)。
- 前記化学反応は、吸熱化学反応である、請求項1に記載の反応器(100、200)。
- いずれの場合も、前記管部分(21)は、前記反応器容器(10)において少なくとも部分的に並んで配置された複数の反応管(20)の2つの管部分(21)を備え、前記複数の反応管(20)のそれぞれ2つの前記管部分(21)は、いずれの場合も、U屈曲部(23)を介して前記第1の領域(11)で互いに移行する、請求項1または請求項2に記載の反応器。
- いずれの場合も、前記複数の反応管(20)の前記2つの管部分(21)のうち、いずれの場合も、前記1つの管部分(21)は、第1の前記複数の接合要素(30)に接続され、前記複数の反応管(20)のそれぞれ2つの前記管部分(21)のうちの他の管部分(21)は、第2の前記複数の接合要素(30)に接続される、請求項3に記載の反応器。
- いずれの場合も、前記複数の反応管(20)の両方の管部分(21)は、前記1つの接合要素(30)に接続される、請求項3に記載の反応器。
- 前記管部分(21)は、反応管(20)の、偶数の4つ以上の管部分(21)であるか、または、いずれの場合も、複数の反応管(20)のうちの1つの反応管は、多数のU屈曲部(23)を介して互いに直列に接続され、前記U屈曲部(23)の数は、前記U屈曲部(23)を介して互いに直列に接続された管部分(21)の数よりも1つ少なく、前記U屈曲部(23)は、前記第1の領域(11)における第1のU屈曲部(23)から始まって、前記第1の領域(11)および前記第2の領域(12)に交互に配置される、請求項1または請求項2に記載の反応器(100)。
- 前記第2の領域(12)に配置された前記1つまたは複数のU屈曲部(23)は、前記剛性接合要素(30)に形成され、前記管部分(21)は、前記第2の領域(12)における前記接合要素(30)から、前記第1の領域(11)まで延びる、請求項6に記載の反応器(100)。
- 前記接合要素(30)は、前記第2の領域における前記1つまたは複数のU屈曲部(23)が以前に設けられた成形管部分(21)上に鋳造されるか、または前記成形管部分(21)に接続される、請求項6または請求項7に記載の反応器(100)。
- 前記第2の領域(12)における前記1つまたは複数のU屈曲部(23)は、前記接合要素(30)に形成され、前記管部分(21)は、前記接合要素(30)へ溶接される、請求項6または請求項7に記載の反応器(100)。
- 水蒸気分解用の反応器として設計される、請求項1から請求項9のいずれか一項に記載の反応器(100)。
- 前記管部分(22)は、いずれの場合も、複数の反応管(20)の管部分(22)を備え、前記管部分(22)は、非流体連通方式で前記反応器容器(10)において並んで配置され、いずれの場合も、前記第1の領域における供給部分(24)と、前記第2の領域における抽出部分(25)とに接続される、請求項1に記載の反応器(200)。
- アルカンの水蒸気改質、乾式改質、または接触脱水素のための反応器として設計される、請求項11に記載の反応器(200)。
- 前記接合要素(30)および前記管部分(21、22)は、同じ材料から、または導電率が互いに50%以下、好ましくは30%以下、特に好ましくは10%以下異なる材料、特に、0.1~0.5重量%の炭素、20~50重量%のクロム、20~80重量%のニッケル、0~2重量%のニオブ、0~3重量%のケイ素、0~5重量%のタングステン、および0~1重量%の他の成分を、好ましくは、20~40重量%のクロム、20~50重量%のニッケル、0~10重量%ケイ素、0~10重量%のアルミニウム、および0~4重量%のニオブを含むクロムニッケル鋼から形成され、いずれの場合も、指定された成分の含有量は、互いに補完して、非鉄画分を形成する、請求項1から請求項12のいずれか一項に記載の反応器(100、200)。
- 前記接合要素(30)は、モリブデン、タングステン、タンタル、ニオブ、および/またはクロムに富む材料で作られた、または前記材料から形成された導電性要素(31)によって、少なくとも部分的に取り囲まれるか、および/または、前記導電性要素(31)は、前記接合要素が形成された材料よりも高い比導電率を有する、請求項1から請求項13のいずれか一項に記載の反応器(100、200)。
- 反応器容器(10)および1つまたは複数の反応管(20)を有する反応器(100、200)を使って、化学反応を実行するための方法であって、いずれの場合も、前記1つまたは複数の反応管(20)の多数の管部分(21,22)が、前記反応器容器(10)内の第1の領域(11)と第2の領域(12)との間を通り、いずれの場合も、前記管部分(21、22)の加熱のために、前記第1の領域(11)における前記管部分(21,22)は、多相交流電源(50)の相接合部に電気的に接続されており、前記方法は、反応器(100~500)が使用され、前記第2の領域(12)における前記管部分(21、22)が、単一の剛性接合要素(30)によって全体として、または、複数の剛性接合要素(30)によってグループで互いに導電的に接続され、前記剛性接合要素(30)は、前記1つまたは複数の反応管(20)に一体的に接続され、前記反応器容器(10)内に配置されることを特徴とする、方法。
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