JP2023500711A - 薬物誘発細胞毒性及び鬱病のバイオマーカー - Google Patents
薬物誘発細胞毒性及び鬱病のバイオマーカー Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
て存在する。「GFAP種」は、PTMを伴う及び伴わない全てのネイティブGFAPアイソフォーム並びに他のGFAPアイソフォーム、例えば、GFAPベータ、GFAPカッパ、GFAPガンマ、GFAPΔEx6、GFAPΔ135、GFAPΔ164及びGFAPΔEx7(Moeton et al 2016を参照されたい)、GFAPマルチマー(様々なアイソフォームのいずれかをベースとするダイマー、テトラマーなど)、GFAPに構造的に特有のGFAP断片及びペプチドを含めたあらゆるGFAP系タンパク質を意味する。「GFAP断片」(分解産物)は、酵素により消化されたネイティブGFAPに由来しており;GFAP分解産物は、PTMも含み得る。本明細書において使用されているとき、用語「GFAP」は、別途記述又は文脈により暗示されない限り、あらゆるGFAP種及びあらゆるGFAP分解産物に相当する(GFAP種及び分解産物の詳細な定義についてはWO2018096049を参照されたい)。脳は、2つの主な細胞タイプ、ニューロン及びより豊富なグリア細胞、から構成されており、後者は、乏突起膠細胞及び星状細胞から構成される。個体が脳卒中又はTBIに罹患しているとき、脳細胞死が起こり、当該細胞の細胞質分は、細胞外環境に放出され、体循環に進入し得る。当該放出の一環として、GFAPは、体循環に入ることができ、GFAPを患者病歴と一緒に特定するための血液試験により、状態、及び脳卒中又はTBIが生じているか否かを確認して、細胞死及び脳損傷を強調することができる。GFAPは、健康個体の血液においては基本的に検出されない(Mayer 2013)。
当業者によってみなされる値の範囲であってよい。当業者は、バイオマーカーに関する対照値が、健康個体からのサンプルにおけるバイオマーカーのレベルを分析するユーザーによって、又はサンプルにおけるバイオマーカーのレベルを求めるのに使用されるアッセイの製造者によって提供される典型的な値を参照することによって算出されてよいことを認識する。代替的には、対照値は、健康と分類されたときに同じ個体のインビトロサンプルから採取される値である。対照測定値は、好適なGFAP種又はGFAP分解産物の閾値量(カットオフ値としても知られている)又は絶対量であり得る。現発明の文脈における語「個体」は、いずれの哺乳類にも適用されるが、好ましくは人類である。
る他の検体の量は、大部分のサンプル又は状態において一貫して残存してよい。例として、他の検体は、アルブミン、β-アクチン、又はマトリックスタンパク質全体であり得る。バイオマーカーの量は、1以上の他の検体の量の比又は百分率として表記されるバイオマーカー測定値を指してもよく、ここで、1以上の他の検体の量が、対象の臨床状態にいくらかの生化学的有意性を保持することが提案されている。
しくは、鬱病、不安、パニック障害、自殺念慮又はストレスである。上記状態は、最も好ましくは鬱病である。薬物は、精神神経的状態を処置する際の使用に関して試験される又は当該処置に使用されるいずれの薬物であってもよいが、好ましくは、神経伝達物質再取り込み阻害剤、例えば、SSRI、SNRI、若しくはSDRI又は神経伝達物質受容体アゴニスト又はアンタゴニスト(部分的アゴニスト/アンタゴニストを含む)、特にセロトニン又はドーパミン受容体である;GFAPレベルは、神経伝達物質再取り込み阻害剤クラスの薬物によって特に影響されることが研究において見出された。
。抗体又はその欠失によって標的の特異的結合を決定するための、当該分野において公知の技術として、限定されないが、FACS分析、免疫細胞化学的染色、免疫組織化学、ウエスタンブロッティング/ドットブロッティング、ELISA、親和性クロマトグラフィが挙げられる。例として、非限定で、特異的結合、又はその欠失は、上記標的を特異的に認識することが当該分野において公知である抗体の使用を含む対照及び/又は上記標的の特異的認識が存在しない若しくは最小である対照(例えば、当該対象は非特異的抗体の使用を含む)との比較分析によって決定され得る。当該比較分析は、定性的であっても定量的であってもよい。しかし、所与の標的の排他的な特異的認識を実証する抗体又は結合部位は、当該標的について、例えば、標的及び相同タンパク質の両方を特異的に認識する抗体と比較したときに、特異性がより高いことが言われていることが理解される。
患者
78歳の、性別を適合させた参加者を、Discovery Life Sciences(DLS),1236 Los Osos Valley Rd、Suite T,Los Osos,CA93402 USA及びPrecisionMed,132 N.Acacia Ave,Solana Beach,CA92075,USAによってUSにおいて採用した。参加者は、PTSDコホート(N=39)及び非PTSDコホート(N=39)から構成された。静脈血液サンプル及び詳細な病歴を各研究参加者から収集した。研究は、全てのデータ利用同意書(DUA)に従った。社会人口統計学的及び臨床的要因を各参加者から収集し、これらは;年齢、性別、処方された薬剤、並びに併存疾患、例えば、鬱病、不安、パニック障害、糖尿病、及び高血圧を含んだ。採血の時点で患
者に処方されている薬剤は:エビリファイ、アダラート、アタラックス、アチバン、バクロフェン、Benzarpil、塩酸ブスピロン、セレクサ、クロザピン、クレストール、シクロベンザプリン、サインバルタ、デパコテ、ドキシサイクリン、イフェクサー、エリキュース、Fetzima、ガバペンチン、ヒドロクロロチアジド、イミトレックス、インデラル、イルベサルタン、ジャヌメット、クロノピン、ラミクタール、ラシックス、ラツーダ、レクサプロ、ロバスタチン、マクサルト、メトホルミン、ミノサイクリン、モービック、ネキシウム、ノルコ、パロキセチン、プラキニル、プロザック、プラゾシン、サフリス、セロクエル、トラゾドン、ビブライド、ザナックス、ゾロフト及びジルテックであった。
参加者データが見えない科学者により、以下のタンパク質についてサイトカインアッセイ(Randox Laboratories Ltd,Crumlin,UK)を使用してRandox Clinical Laboratory Services(RCLS)(Antrim,UK)におけるバイオマーカーの分析を完了させた:サイトカインIアレイ:インターロイキン-1α、-1β、-2、-4、-6、-8、-10、VEGF、EGF、TNFα、IFNγ及びMCP-1;代謝アッセイI:フェリチン、インスリン、レプチン、プラスミノーゲン活性化因子阻害剤-1(PAI-1)、及びレジスチン;代謝アッセイII:C-反応性タンパク質(CRP)、アディポネクチン及びシスタチンC;脳アッセイI:脳由来向神経因子(BDNF)、グリア細胞繊維性酸性タンパク質(GFAP)、及び心臓由来脂肪酸結合タンパク質(H-FABP);脳アッセイII:D-ダイマー、ニューロン特異的エノラーゼ(NSE)、好中球ゼラチナーゼ結合性リポカリン(NGAL)、及び可溶性腫瘍壊死因子受容体I(sTNFR1)。アレイを、製造者の指示(Randox Laboratories Ltd,Crumlin,UK)に従ってEvidence Investigator(著作権)分析器において実行した。コレステロール(合計)、HDL及びLDLコレステロールをRandox RX Series分析器(RCLS,Antrim,UK)において分析した。ヒト組織型プラスミノーゲン活性化因子(tPA)及びヒト1型プラスミノーゲン活性化因子阻害剤PAI-1/tPA複合体ELISAをAssayPro,3400 Harry S.Truman Blvd,St.Charles,MO63301から得た。アッセイを製造者の指示に従って完了させた。調査下でのバイオマーカーの検出限界(LOD)は以下の通りであった:サイトカインI-IL-2 2.97pg/ml;IL-4 2.12pg/ml;IL-6 0.12pg/ml、IL-8 0.36pg/ml;VEGF 3.24pg/ml;IFNγ 0.44pg/ml;TNFα 0.59pg/ml;IL1α 0.19pg/ml;MCP1 3.53pg/ml;EGF 1.04pg/ml;IL-10 0.37pg/ml;IL-1β 0.26pg/ml;代謝アッセイI-フェリチン 3.27ng/ml、インスリン 2.32μIU/ml、レプチン 1.10ng/ml、PAI-1 2.34ng/ml、及びレジスチン 1.06ng/ml;代謝アッセイII-CRP 0.69mg/l、アディポネクチン
164ng/ml、及びシスタチンC 60ng/ml;脳アッセイI-BDNF 0
.59pg/ml、及びGFAP 0.18ng/ml;脳アッセイII-D-ダイマー
2.1ng/ml、NSE 0.26ng/ml、NGAL 17.8ng/ml、及びSTNFRI 0.24ng/ml。直接法HDL-コレステロール(HDL)0.189mmol/l(7.30mg/dl)、直接法LDL-コレステロール(LDL)0.189mmol/l(7.30mg/dl)、コレステロール:0.865mmol/l(33.4mg/dl)。AssayPro ELISA-ヒトtPA ELISA-0.013ng/ml及びヒトPAI-1tPA複合体ELISA-0.05ng/ml。血清中の32のバイオマーカーを調査した。LOD未満のバイオマーカー値にLOD値の90%を割り当てた。
いずれの研究においても性別の影響は観察されなかった。
1.PTSD患者/個体:薬剤治療中鬱病あり(D+M)、薬剤治療中鬱病無し(D無+M)及び薬剤治療中でなく鬱病無し(D無+M無)
2.非PTSD患者/個体(対照群):薬剤治療中鬱病あり(D+M)、薬剤治療中鬱病無し(D無+M)及び健康患者(H)
であった。
、薬剤治療中の鬱状態の個体は、血液GFAPの絶対量が薬剤治療中の非鬱状態の個体よりも多かった。
1.American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders [インターネット].American Psychiatric
Association;2013[引用2019年7月4日].
https://psychiatryonline.org/doi/book/10.1176/appi.books.9780890425596から利用可能
2.Moeton M. et al.(2016),Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences,73:4101-4120.
3.Mayer C.A.et al.(2013),PLoS ONE,8(4):e62101.
Claims (18)
- 薬物の細胞毒性を評価する方法であって、前記薬物に曝された個体から採取されたインビトロサンプルにおける、又は、前記薬物に曝されているインビトロ細胞株若しくは細胞モデルにおける、GFAPの量を測定すること、及び、前記測定されたGFAPの量を対照測定値と比較することを含み、前記インビトロサンプル又はインビトロ細胞株若しくは細胞モデルから得られたGFAP測定値が前記対照測定値よりも大きいことが、細胞毒性を示す、方法。
- 前記対照測定値が、前記個体、細胞株又は細胞モデルが前記薬物に曝される前の前記インビトロサンプル又はインビトロ細胞株若しくは細胞モデルから得られるGFAPレベル測定値である、請求項2に記載の方法。
- 前記薬物が、脳関連の病状における使用のためのものである、前記いずれかの請求項に記載の方法。
- 前記薬物が、脳における神経伝達経路に影響する、前記いずれかの請求項に記載の方法。
- 前記薬物が、選択的セロトニン再取り込み阻害剤、選択的ドーパミン再取り込み阻害剤、選択的ノルエピネフリン再取り込み阻害剤、セロトニン受容体アゴニスト若しくはアンタゴニスト、ドーパミン受容体アゴニスト若しくはアンタゴニスト、GABA受容体アゴニスト若しくはアンタゴニスト、アドレナリン受容体アゴニスト若しくはアンタゴニスト、グルタミン酸受容体アゴニスト若しくはアンタゴニスト、グリシン受容体アゴニスト若しくはアンタゴニスト、又はオピオイド受容体アゴニスト若しくはアンタゴニストである、請求項4に記載の方法。
- 前記薬物が、選択的セロトニン再取り込み阻害剤、選択的ドーパミン再取り込み阻害剤、選択的ノルエピネフリン再取り込み阻害剤、セロトニン受容体アゴニスト若しくはアンタゴニスト、又はドーパミン受容体アゴニスト若しくはアンタゴニストである、請求項4に記載の方法。
- 前記薬物が、選択的セロトニン再取り込み阻害剤である、請求項4に記載の方法。
- 前記脳関連の病状が、鬱病、不安、ストレス、パニック障害、疼痛、てんかん、認知症、自殺念慮、アルツハイマー病又はパーキンソン病である、請求項3に記載の方法。
- 前記脳関連の病状が、鬱病である、請求項3に記載の方法。
- 個体における鬱病の診断を支援する方法であって、前記個体のインビトロサンプルにおけるGFAPの量を測定すること、及び、前記測定されたGFAPの量を対照測定値と比較することを含み、前記対照測定値よりも高い前記サンプルから得られたGFAP測定値が、前記個体が鬱状態にあることを支持する、方法。
- 前記対照測定値が、前記薬物へ曝される前の、好ましくは、前記個体が鬱病に罹患していない時点の前記個体のインビトロサンプルから得られるGFAPレベル測定値である、請求項10に記載の方法。
- 前記サンプルが、血液、血清又は血漿である、前記いずれかの請求項に記載の方法。
- 薬物誘発細胞毒性のマーカーとしての、GFAPの使用。
- 前記薬物が、脳にある細胞受容体に結合する、又は、脳における生理的経路を遮断する、請求項13に記載の使用。
- 前記薬物が、選択的セロトニン再取り込み阻害剤、選択的ドーパミン再取り込み阻害剤、選択的ノルエピネフリン再取り込み阻害剤、セロトニン受容体アゴニスト若しくはアンタゴニスト又はドーパミン受容体アゴニスト若しくはアンタゴニストである、請求項14に記載の使用。
- 前記薬物が、選択的セロトニン再取り込み阻害剤である、請求項14に記載の使用。
- 鬱病のマーカーとしての、GFAPの使用。
- GFAPが、血液、血清又は血漿由来である、請求項13又は17に記載の使用。
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GBGB1916185.0A GB201916185D0 (en) | 2019-11-07 | 2019-11-07 | Biomarker of drug-induced cellular toxicity and depression |
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PCT/EP2020/081273 WO2021089772A1 (en) | 2019-11-07 | 2020-11-06 | Biomarker of Drug Induced Cellular Toxicity and Depression |
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AU (1) | AU2020380476A1 (ja) |
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CA92075A (en) | 1905-02-20 | 1905-03-14 | William Elisha Heath | Sealing device for bottles, jars, etc. |
CA93402A (en) | 1905-04-03 | 1905-05-30 | Clarence C. Longard | Wrench |
AU2005259991B2 (en) * | 2004-06-25 | 2011-05-26 | Id Biomedical Corporation Of Quebec | Compositions and methods for treating neurological disorders |
EP2466312B1 (en) * | 2009-08-12 | 2019-10-16 | Human Metabolome Technologies, Inc. | Phosphoethanolamine as biomarker of depression |
WO2014018513A1 (en) * | 2012-07-23 | 2014-01-30 | Yale University | System and method for detecting and diagnosing schizophrenia and depression |
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