JP2023173389A - Multi-layer underground shelter - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a multi-layer underground shelter that can effectively utilize underground space and can be constructed in a short construction period.SOLUTION: In an underground shelter for emergency evacuation that is formed in an internal space of an excavation hole with a substantially circular cross section formed vertically in a ground; a casing 1 with a substantially circular cross section is installed on an inner peripheral surface of the excavation hole, and a floor support member 2 is fixed inside the casing 1. A substantially disc-shaped partition member 3 is horizontally attached to the floor support member 2. With the partition member 3 as a boundary, an evacuation space 4 and a storage space 5 are formed in a multilayer structure.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 3

Description

The present invention relates to improvements in underground shelters, and more particularly to multi-layer underground shelters that can effectively utilize underground space and can be constructed in a short construction period.

Due to recent earthquakes and natural disasters in Japan, as well as tense social situations overseas, the need for emergency evacuation shelters (shelters) has increased, and the public's awareness has also increased and they are showing strong interest.

Conventionally, as an emergency evacuation shelter, a structure installed underground has been disclosed (for example, see Patent Document 1).

However, such a structure has the problem that the installation work is large-scale due to the large excavation volume, resulting in a long construction period and high costs. Another problem is that sufficient installation and construction space cannot be secured in small areas such as residential areas.

In addition, in the case of shelters built underground, the dead space inside is equivalent to wasted excavation volume, so it is preferable to minimize it as much as possible. It is also necessary to ensure that

Furthermore, in order to make the living space as comfortable as possible, the floor surface needs to be level, but in order to level it, construction accuracy is required, and craftsmen also need skill and skill. There is also a risk that the construction period will be prolonged.

JP2020-90876A

While researching evacuation shelters, the present inventor found that if the work load of excavation work was small and the space could be used effectively, a shelter with high accommodation function could be created at a low cost even on a small land. I got the idea that it would be possible to build one.

After thinking about the possibility of achieving the same effect with a completely new structure, we came up with a solution: effectively utilizing the casing shaft construction technology used for temporary construction work, and constructing an emergency shelter in the internal space of the shaft. I came up with this.

Therefore, the inventor of the present invention focused on providing both an evacuation space and a storage space in order to provide an essential accommodation function during evacuation, and also focused on the geometrical feature that the shaft is formed in a vertical direction. By adopting a multi-layered internal structure, the present invention was completed.

The means adopted by the present inventor to solve the above technical problem will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

That is, the present invention is an underground shelter for emergency evacuation formed in the internal space of a substantially circular cross-section excavation hole formed vertically underground,
A casing 1 having a substantially circular cross section is placed over the inner peripheral surface of the excavation hole, and a floor support member 2 is fixed to the inside of the casing 1,
A technical means is adopted in which a substantially disc-shaped partition material 3 is attached horizontally to this floor support member 2, and an evacuation space 4 and a storage space 5 are formed in a multi-layered manner using this partition material 3 as a boundary. As a result, a multi-story underground shelter was completed.

Moreover, in order to solve the above-mentioned problem, in addition to the above-mentioned means, the present invention makes the floor support member 2 into a ring shape and fixes it along the inner surface side of the casing 1, and the floor support member It is also possible to adopt a technical means of attaching the partition material 3 to the upper surface of the partition member 2.

Furthermore, in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention may employ, in addition to the above-mentioned means, a technical means of fixing a lifting protrusion 6 to the inner surface of the casing 1, if necessary.

Furthermore, in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides, in addition to the above-mentioned means, if necessary, a heat insulating material 7 is provided on the inner surface of the casing 1, and a wall material is provided on the surface of the heat insulating material. It is also possible to adopt the technical means of installing 8 internally.

The present invention is an underground shelter for emergency evacuation formed in the internal space of a substantially circular cross-section excavation hole formed vertically underground,
A casing with a substantially circular cross section is placed over the inner peripheral surface of the excavation hole, a floor support member is fixed to the inside of the casing, and a substantially disc-shaped partition member is horizontally attached to the floor support member. By forming an evacuation space and a storage space in a multi-layered manner using this partition material as a boundary, construction can be completed in a short construction period (about two weeks), and the space can be used effectively.

In addition, since the excavation hole and the casing are formed vertically with a substantially circular cross section, the partition material can be formed into a substantially disk shape of the same type and attached to match the cross-sectional shape of the casing. Since it is naturally fixed in the horizontal direction, it is easy to level the floor surface, and the construction burden can be reduced, so it can be said that it has great industrial value.

1 is a schematic plan cross-sectional view showing a multi-layer underground shelter according to an embodiment of the present invention. 1 is a schematic top sectional view showing a multi-layer underground shelter according to an embodiment of the present invention. 1 is a schematic plan cross-sectional view showing a multi-layer underground shelter according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described based on FIGS. 1 to 3. The multi-layer underground shelter of the present invention is an underground shelter for emergency evacuation that is formed in the internal space of a substantially circular cross-section excavation hole formed vertically underground.

In constructing the multi-layer underground shelter of the present invention, first, a casing 1 having a substantially circular cross section is placed over the inner peripheral surface of the excavation hole. In this embodiment, construction efficiency is improved by employing a known casing shaft construction technique and simultaneously forming the excavation hole and installing the casing 1.

Specifically, first, a zigzag-shaped cutting edge is formed at the lower end of the circular casing 1 (a steel pipe with an inner diameter of approximately 2.5 m), and while this cutting edge is leading, the casing 1 is cut using heavy equipment. It is forced into the ground while rocking or turning, and the earth and sand inside the casing 1 is excavated with a hydraulic grab. Since the casing 1 has a substantially circular cross section, its symmetry can minimize the influence of earth pressure and facilitate the press-fitting operation.

Then, water is poured into the inside of the casing 1 to balance the earth pressure, and the casing is excavated to a predetermined depth by underwater excavation. Since the casing 1 has problems in transportation and weight when used as a single piece, the entire length is supplemented by dividing the casing 1 into pieces of a predetermined length (for example, about 2 m) and joining them together by welding.

After the press-in excavation is completed, submerged concrete is cast using a tremie pipe to form the base concrete C. A thin iron plate and a waterproof sheet will be laid on top of the concrete base C. In this way, the installation of the casing 1 on the inner circumferential surface of the excavated hole is completed.

Then, a floor support member 2 is fixed inside this casing 1. This floor support member 2 may be capable of supporting the partition material 3 with a plurality of parts, or may be configured integrally in a ring shape. Further, by making the floor support member 2 made of steel, it can be directly fixed to the inner peripheral surface of the casing 1 by welding or the like.

Next, a substantially disc-shaped partition member 3 is attached to the floor support member 2 in the horizontal direction. As a mounting method, welding, mounting, fastening with metal fittings, etc. can be adopted. In addition, in this embodiment, since the excavation hole and the casing 1 are formed in the vertical direction with a substantially circular cross section, the partition material 3 is formed into a substantially disk shape of the same shape to match the cross-sectional shape of the casing 1. By attaching it in this manner, the partition material 3 is naturally fixed in the horizontal direction, making it easy to level the floor surface horizontally and reducing the construction burden.

Then, an evacuation space 4 and a storage space 5 are formed in a multi-layered manner using this partition material 3 as a boundary. In the evacuation space 4, lighting equipment (LED), power outlets, bunk beds, ventilation equipment A, etc. can be installed as appropriate. Furthermore, the storage space 5 can accommodate foodstuffs, a portable toilet, power supply equipment B, ventilation equipment, drainage equipment, and the like. In this embodiment, the storage space 5 can be provided on the lowest basement floor, and by providing the storage space 5 on the lowest basement floor, it is possible to minimize indoor temperature changes. In addition, by providing a plurality of installation levels of the floor support member 2 and providing a partition material 3 at each level, it is also possible to create a structure having a plurality of layers of evacuation spaces 4 (see FIG. 3).

In this embodiment, the floor support member 2 can be formed into a ring shape and fixed along the inner surface of the casing 1. By doing so, deformation of the casing 1 due to earth pressure or the like can be prevented and reinforcement can be achieved to stabilize the form. In addition, the number of parts of the floor support member 2 can be reduced to reduce the burden of fixing work and improve workability, and by following the outer peripheral edge of the partition member 3, stable support can be achieved. Furthermore, by making the cross section of the floor support member 2 L-shaped, the partition material 3 can be placed on the upper surface of the floor support member 2.

Moreover, in this embodiment, the elevating protrusion 6 can be fixed to the inner surface of the casing 1. The elevating projection 6 can be configured as a ladder-like scaffold by, for example, providing a plurality of bent rods. By forming the elevating protrusion 6 from a steel material, it can be directly fixed to the inner circumferential surface of the casing 1 by welding or the like, and can be more firmly integrated and prevented from falling off.

Furthermore, in this embodiment, it is also possible to cover the inner peripheral surface of the casing 1 with a heat insulating material 7 and to install a wall material 8 on the surface of the heat insulating material 7. As the heat insulating material 7, for example, urethane foam (about 100 mm thick) can be used, and can be easily installed by injecting and curing. In addition, as the wall material 8, curved wooden plywood (approximately 25 mm thick) can be used, which can provide a humidity control effect and give a sense of the warmth of wood in its appearance. This can reduce mental anxiety during evacuation.

Furthermore, a concrete ceiling part 9 can be formed by backfilling concrete at the ceiling part of the excavation hole, and a lining plate can be placed on the upper surface of this concrete ceiling part 9 as appropriate. This concrete ceiling part 9 can be provided with an entrance/exit 91 of the minimum necessary size (inner diameter approximately 600 mm), a watertight lid made of lightweight material is installed on the interior space side, and a sealed steel lid is installed on the ground side. A mold lid can be installed.

In addition, if necessary, it is possible to install oxygen concentration sensor S, humidity control sensor M, etc., install a ventilation blower, exhaust fan, pipe (PVC pipe), and provide ventilation equipment A and a ventilation opening. This allows for ventilation and exhaust to improve the environment within the living space.

Although the present invention is generally configured as described above, it is by no means limited to the illustrated embodiment, and various modifications can be made within the scope of the claims. The shape and quantity of the member 2 can be appropriately selected so that the partition material 3 can be stably supported.

Further, the partition material 3 may be integrated or divided as long as it has sufficient strength, and the workability can be improved, and any of these is within the technical scope of the present invention. belongs to

1 Casing 2 Floor support member 3 Partition material 4 Evacuation space 5 Storage space 6 Elevating projection 7 Insulation material 8 Wall material 9 Concrete ceiling 91 Entrance/exit A Ventilation equipment B Power supply C Base concrete L Lighting equipment M Humidity control sensor S Oxygen concentration meter sensor

Claims (4)

An underground shelter for emergency evacuation formed in the internal space of a substantially circular cross-section excavation hole formed vertically underground,
A casing 1 having a substantially circular cross section is covered on the inner circumferential surface of the excavation hole, while
A floor support member 2 is fixed inside this casing 1,
A substantially disk-shaped partition member 3 is horizontally attached to the floor support member 2, and an evacuation space 4 and a storage space 5 are formed in a multi-layered manner with this partition member 3 as a boundary. Multi-story underground shelter. A claim characterized in that the floor support member 2 has a ring shape and is fixed along the inner surface of the casing 1, and the partition member 3 is attached to the upper surface of the floor support member 2. The multi-layer underground shelter described in 1. The multi-layer underground shelter according to claim 1, characterized in that a lifting projection (6) is fixed to the inner surface of the casing (1). The multi-layer underground shelter according to claim 1, characterized in that a heat insulating material (7) is placed on the inner surface of the casing (1), and a wall material (8) is installed on the surface of the heat insulating material (7).