JP2023160232A - Small-scale nuclear power generation and underground installation of next generation module unit capable of generating power in short time utilizing existing infrastructure - Google Patents

Abstract

To start a project in which a next-generation small-sized nuclear reactor having strength against attack, the safety, the controlled radioactivity, the safety secured for wastes and inhabitants and capable of being started at a low cost in a short period of time is produced in a factory in units similar to assembling a plastic model, through a partnership between the public and private sectors.SOLUTION: The solution means of the present invention begins with the establishment of a project team to solve the following problems. That will solve the above problem. 1. Development of Unit Type Small Module Reactor SMR. 2. Test installation of deep underground nuclear power generation at the lake bottom of a hydroelectric power plant and mine ruins. 3. Systematization of nuclear power generation disposal and radioactivity measurement. 4. Total cost calculation and cost comparison with other electric power. 5. Monitoring of the presence or absence of radioactive contamination during cooling use.SELECTED DRAWING: None

Description

The present invention solves various energy-related issues such as restrictions on fossil fuel imports due to the recent Russian invasion of Ukraine, soaring international prices, CN (Carbon Neutral) and SDG's, and rising prices in Japan due to the weak yen, even if it is sudden. This is about small deep nuclear reactors, nuclear power generation, and their location, which will be solved all at once.
Key points of the present invention: 1. Everything is manufactured in a factory at once, including the small module nuclear reactor that plays a central role in power generation. The module is an integrated package that includes a ``pressure vessel,'' ``steam generator,''``pressurizer,'' and ``containment vessel.'' Just like a plastic model, it ``simply assembles'' on site. These offer triple composite safety: "underwater, underground, compact and high performance."
Point 2 of the present invention is to install the nuclear reactor deep underground. The second point of the present invention is to install and use the system at a point where power transmission and equipment transportation road infrastructure is already complete, thereby reducing installation costs and shortening the construction period.
Examples of locations for the present invention include the lakebed of a hydroelectric dam, a mine, a tunnel, an abandoned mine, and a lake. The present invention can also deal with unforeseen accidents such as cooling water leaks, radioactivity leaks, natural disasters, earthquakes, tsunamis, missile attacks, and fires, which have long been issues associated with nuclear power generation.

In other words, the present invention uses a small modular reactor (SMR), in which the main equipment is manufactured in advance at a factory and then installed on site, similar to a prefabricated house. The system uses robots to automatically control operations, refuel, and maintain radioactive waste.
The main advantages of ``installation underground'' of the present invention are: 1. Shielding from radioactivity, 2. Radioactive waste is stored at deep depths, 3. Utilization of existing infrastructure such as power lines and roads; 4. 5. Protecting energy sources from unexpected situations such as unexpected accidents, natural disasters, and attacks from other countries. These include the realization of low-cost electricity.

In the present invention, the dormant infrastructure of the 20th century is: 1. Hydroelectric power plant, 2. Coal mines and coal mine ruins, 3. Lakes and water resources, 4. We think of rivers and flood control and think that these can be utilized for next-generation power generation.
In Japan, the infrastructure heritage of the present invention refers to industries dating back to the Edo period and hydroelectric power plants, coal mines, subways, underground malls, etc. that symbolize Japan's postwar recovery.
The present invention relates to the "installation of small module nuclear reactors SMR on lakebeds or nearby locations" of the 2,494 hydroelectric power plants that were built in the 1900s and are still in operation across the country.
According to the present invention, suitable locations for installing a small nuclear reactor can be selected from approximately 2,500 locations. The "lake bottom location of hydroelectric power generation and collaboration between power generators" of the present invention is an invention that has not yet been reported.

The lakebed of the hydroelectric power plant where the present invention is located is a small modular nuclear reactor (SMR) with an output of 60,000 kW (525.6 million KWh) per module, compared to a normal "pressurized water type" reactor. It generates 1/20th the power and is ideal for safe installation. The following shows how the collaboration with 2,494 hydroelectric power plants is an invention and a breakthrough.
1. Hydroelectric power plants always have water for reactor cooling. (Advantage 1)
2. Water stored in hydroelectric power plants (dam type) can be drained. During the construction of a small nuclear reactor, incoming water can be diverted using a pipeline, allowing construction to proceed underground on dry ground and burying the power generation unit. (Advantage 2)
3. If water is drained for a certain period of time, a small modular reactor (SMR) is buried deep underground in the lake bed, and then water is filled, cooling of the small reactor is safe and the circulating water for cooling will not be contaminated with radioactivity. It is also safe for downstream drinking water use. At the same time, since it is located underground at the bottom of the lake, it has high protection against attacks from external enemies. (Advantage 3)
4. The entire power generation administration building will be controlled by AI and robots and will be located in a nearby location. In the unlikely event that an unimaginable disaster or attack occurs and there are concerns about radioactivity leaking, it can be buried in concrete. (Advantage 4)
5. Disposal of radioactive waste is also easy and safe. First of all, because it is always underwater and stored deep underground, there is no need to worry about exposure to atomic bombs. (Advantage 5)
6. Even if a hydroelectric power plant is located deep in the mountains, there are roads built at the time of construction and it can be used immediately, leading to cost savings and time savings. (Advantage 6)
7. Hydroelectric power plants already have transmission lines and substation equipment and can be used immediately. (Advantage 7)
8. Hydroelectric power and nuclear power can be used interchangeably when emergency power is needed. For example, at night when electricity demand is low, electricity generated from nuclear power can be used to pump up water stored below and use it to generate electricity during the day. (Advantage 8)
9. The small modular nuclear reactor is divided into parts like a plastic model. One module is an integrated package that includes a ``pressure vessel,'' ``steam generator,''``pressurizer,'' and ``containment vessel.'' Replacement of uranium fuel rods and other tasks are carried out using robots, including the radioactive-blocking package. The importance of ``cooling water'' in the Fukushima nuclear power plant accident is well known, and it is easy to gain the understanding of residents about ``installing a small module reactor on the deep lakebed of a dam.'' Scenes such as the hydrogen explosion at the Fukushima nuclear power plant have been repeatedly broadcast, which should help gain a certain level of understanding among residents, but safety simulations of dam embankment bursts should also be prepared.

The next key point of the present invention, ``location,'' is that small nuclear reactors are installed in deep underground mines and mine ruins, more than 2,000 of which have been mined since the Edo period, symbolized by the golden country ``Zipangu.'' The aim is to establish a safe nuclear power plant without incurring initial costs.
For example, Japan has approximately 2,000 mines and mine ruins that are considered suitable sites for underground nuclear power plants. There are no prefectures without mines, and it is easy to choose a location for installing a small nuclear reactor deep underground, which solves the concerns about nuclear power generation mentioned in 0009 below.
1. There is a shaft in the mine. Mine shafts are usually dug deep underground or into mountains. In other words, ``roads'', ``elevators'', and ``trolley tracks'' have already been added. Not only will there be no additional costs for installing a small nuclear reactor unit, but the construction period can be expected to be significantly shortened.
2. In the case of open-pit mining, the ``open-cut method'' (a method of burying the structure or backfilling it with earth and concrete after construction) similarly buries a small or large nuclear reactor to create a deep nuclear reactor or nuclear power plant.
3. This construction method makes use of the methods used to construct subways and underground malls. The advantages of deep underground nuclear power plants are basically the same as those of ``hydroelectric lake bottoms,'' but when procuring cooling water, consideration must be given to the proximity of ``lakes'' and ``rivers.''
4. By the way, there are 226 lakes and marshes in Japan, and 126 large rivers. Recently, research has also progressed in which cooling water is not necessarily required for cooling small nuclear reactors by using a sodium chloride aqueous solution with a low freezing temperature.

The third gist of the present invention is a modular small-scale nuclear power generation system that can generate electricity in the shortest possible time by making use of the dormant infrastructure of the 20th century, and the installation of small nuclear reactor units in lakes, irrigation ponds, reservoirs, and swamps. For example, Japan has 226 large lakes and ponds that are always full of water that can be used for cooling, and at the same time protect it from attacks from foreign enemies. It is difficult to build a facility in a river, but it is possible if it is underwater or in a lake. In that case, the construction method would be to excavate a revision, sink the unit, and extend it to connect it with the above-ground part, similar to the method used for passing through an underwater tunnel. This is also a type of deep underground nuclear power plant of the present invention.

The following can be considered as an example of the "Small Modular Reactor" (SMR) which is the main character of the present invention. List icon The output of one module is 60,000 kW, about 1/20 of a normal "pressurized water" reactor.List icon Up to 12 modules will be installed in a large pool.
List icon 1 module is an integrated package that includes a "pressure vessel,""steamgenerator,""pressurizer," and "containment vessel," eliminating the need for large cooling water pumps or large-diameter piping. List Icon Each module connects to its own independent turbine generator and condenser, allowing list icon miniaturization and integration to avoid the risk of large-scale loss of coolant accidents.

Recently, world energy policy has changed completely due to Russia's invasion of Ukraine, albeit suddenly. At the same time, the time has come when we must also consider CN (carbon neutral) SDG's.
The ultra-deep nuclear power generation of the present invention directly faces and solves the above two problems. Against this political and economic background, research into downsizing nuclear power generation is progressing. One of the most representative ones is the "small module reactor." Also known as SMR (Small Modular Reactor), development is progressing around the world. If we were to describe its characteristics in terms of keywords, we would use three keywords: "compact,""modular," and "multipurpose." When a nuclear reactor is made smaller, it cools down more easily than a large reactor. Technically speaking, this phenomenon occurs because small reactors have a large surface area relative to their volume. If we investigate this characteristic, it will become possible to cool water naturally into a nuclear reactor without having to pump it into the reactor.

No matter how safe it is, people who actually watched the Chernobyl, Three Mile Island, and Fukushima nuclear power plant accidents on TV will not easily get rid of their fears and allergies to ``invisible radiation and exposure.'' Dew.
At the same time, decarbonization, CN (carbon neutral), and SDG's are also urgent issues that need to be resolved. Furthermore, the more popular EVs (electric vehicles) become, the more the importance of electric energy as fuel will increase, but will not decrease.
Due to the above concerns, the main points of the present invention are the advantages of ``installation underground'': 1. Shielding from radioactivity, 2. Radioactive waste is stored at deep depths, 3. Utilization of existing infrastructure such as power lines and roads; 4. 5. Protecting energy sources from unexpected situations such as unexpected accidents, natural disasters, and attacks from other countries. These include the realization of low-cost electricity.
The future energy challenges are 1) low cost, 2) deoxidization, 3) de-Russia (reducing dependence on fossil fuels), 4) safety (assuming not only natural disasters but also war), 5) stable supply, 6) shortening of time ( 7) Common use of conventional infrastructure.

If this is realized, not only will safety be improved, but the overall structure of the reactor will be simpler and maintenance will be easier. As a result, it becomes possible to reduce costs and improve economic efficiency. The present invention accomplishes exactly this. Consideration is also being given to downsizing nuclear reactors, thorough preparation for cooling, and cost competition with other forms of electricity.
Russia's recent, albeit sudden, invasion of Ukraine has forced Western society to take measures such as restricting or banning the import of fossil energy, searching for alternative supply countries, and converting to alternative energy sources. Coal, oil, and especially large energy raw materials are LNG (liquefied natural gas). In particular, EU countries have given up on LNG pipeline facilities from Russia, and although they will continue to import a certain amount for the time being, they have been forced to adopt a policy of embargoing imports in the medium to long term. Energy issues are an urgent issue around the world, and coupled with SDG's and CN (carbon neutrality), moving away from fossil fuels has become a global issue.

Not only the restart of coal power plants in their own countries, the continuation of nuclear power plants that had been decided to be decommissioned, but also the construction of new nuclear power plants were announced one after another, including in Germany and the United Kingdom. The fact that nuclear power generation produces zero carbon dioxide appears to have been reconsidered. There is no doubt that the ultra-deep nuclear power generation of the present invention will bring great benefits to the installation of new nuclear power plants.
Nuclear power plants are likely to be the first targets of attack, as was the case with Russia's recent, albeit sudden, invasion of Ukraine. Given the threat of a nuclear explosion, the control over power, and the huge and long-lasting impact it would have on the region, it would make sense that it would be the first target. Future nuclear power generation cannot ignore not only the inherent risks of the past, but also the protection from external enemies.

Until now, each nuclear power plant was built on-site as a one-of-a-kind item, which tended to take a long time. In addition, it has been manufactured through multiple confirmation and approval tests to ensure quality. However, the situation is starting to change with the idea of incorporating as much of the "modular architecture" method as possible, which involves assembling plastic models, as much as possible. The method is to obtain design approval through regulations and ``type certification,'' and then carry out the entire process at once by ``factory production, assembly, transportation, and installation.'' This is exactly what a prefabricated house is, and this ``technique/small module construction method nuclear reactor'' is one of the fundamentals of the present invention.
In this case, the process would be to first "downsize" the reactor to a size that can be transported (by rail or highway in the United States, or by inland canals in Europe), and then decide on the output of the reactor.

On the other hand, when it comes to nuclear power plants, psychological resistance is difficult. Local residents' emotions, opposition movements, radioactive leaks, the constant need for large amounts of cooling water, and the fact that they are often located on the coast in case of an accident are factors that make them easy targets for attack. be. The ultra-deep nuclear power plant of the present invention invents and makes concrete proposals for safety protection, radioactive waste, cooling water, reactor handling methods, etc.

In many cases, the problems, concerns, and points to be overcome in nuclear power generation and nuclear power plants can be summarized as follows.
1. Safety against accidents (earthquakes, tsunamis, natural disasters, typhoons, explosions, meltdowns, external attack targeting, marine pollution, water pollution, soil pollution, air pollution, atomic bomb exposure, etc.)
2. Radioactive contamination (environmental issues, food, reputational damage, ocean dumping, crops, livestock, etc.) Number of operating years (some say 40 or 50 years, but what will happen to the decommissioning after that?)
3. Radioactive waste (tritium, iodine 131/7 days, cesium 134/88 days, cesium 137/99 days, strontium 90/18 years, plutonium 229/20 years...effective half-life)
4. Length of radioactivity decay period (tritium, iodine 131/8 days, cesium 134/2 years, cesium 137/30 years, strontium 90/29 years, plutonium 229/24000 years...physical half-life)
5. How to dispose of radioactive waste (sealed 300 meters underground after processing, earthquakes and crustal movements)
6. Cooling water (without a large amount of water, an explosion like the one at the Fukushima nuclear power plant will occur)
7. Location (must obtain consent from many stakeholders including neighboring residents and local governments)
8. Uranium procurement (import procedures, transportation, storage, etc.)
9. Infrastructure 1: Architecture, machinery, equipment, nuclear reactors, generators, structures, buildings, pipelines, warehouses 10. Infrastructure 2: Reactor building, turbine building, waste building, various service buildings, control room building, etc.

Any mistake in any of the above can cause major problems. A major problem is one that affects human life, and is significantly different from solar power generation or wind power generation in terms of the degree of risk. In other words, the problem with nuclear power generation is all 1. “Removal of danger”, 2. “Reducing the level of risk to the lowest possible level”; 3. It can be summarized as "stable operation". At the same time, we must continue to skillfully utilize ``nuclear power generation,'' a great discovery of civilization with the highest efficiency. The main point of the present invention is to realize the above three points.

The main point of the present invention is to solve the above problems all at once.
The present invention will specifically explain the following 10 problems, which will be referred to as "proof of inventiveness."
1. Why is “deep-depth nuclear power generation” required? (Advantages of new/progressive features)
2. What are the economics of the location? (Nuclear power generation requires a huge amount of money to construct)
3. What are the advantages of maintenance? (Using AI and robots)
4. What about consideration for the surrounding area and environment, such as SDG's, CN (carbon neutral), interest groups, resident measures, environmental measures, etc.? (Comparison with conventional/rumor/radioactivity leak/CO2)
5. What about cooling water measures? (It requires a large amount of cooling water 24 hours a day, which is absolutely essential.)
6. What about radioactive waste and the decommissioning process? (Buried 300 meters underground in a storage container sealed with glass)
7. What are the advantages of building placement? (Reactor building, turbine building, waste building, various service buildings, control room building, etc.)
8. What about the equipment and vendors? (Revival of domestic industry through international patents)
9. How should we respond to natural disasters and attacks from foreign countries? (Earthquakes, tsunamis, typhoons, missile attacks, etc.)
10. What about power generation, stable supply, and power transmission? (Cost performance calculation includes accident risk response cost, policy cost, CO2 countermeasure cost, fuel cost, operation and maintenance cost, capital cost)

The term "ultra-deep nuclear power generation" in the present invention refers to a deep underground power plant in which a nuclear reactor is installed approximately 30 meters to approximately 300 meters underground. The Earth's outer shell is about 30 kilometers, and the deepest drilling to date was 12 kilometers in Russia. Also, earthquakes generally occur about 70 kilometers underground, so compared to that, it may not be called "ultra-deep" or "very deep."

Application 2012-208492 (2012/09/21) Publication 2014-062830 (2014/04/10) International Patent Classification (IPC): G21C7/30 FI: G21C7/30 Application 2013-104170 (2013/05/16) Publication 2014-224764 (2014/12/04) International Patent Classification (IPC): G21C7/28 FI: G21C7/28 Application JP2012008124 (2012/12/19) Publication WO2013094196 (2013/06/27) International Patent Classification (IPC): G21C1/02 G21C3/60 G21C7/28 G21D1/00 G21D5/14 FI: G21C1/02 A G21C3/60 G21C7 /28 G21D1/00 Q G21D5/14 Application 2016-019801 (2016/02/04) Publication 2016-145828 (2016/08/12) International Patent Classification (IPC): G21D5/02 F01K9/02 F01D25/24 F01K9/00 F01D25/26 FI: G21D5/02 F01K9 /02 F01D25/24 K F01K9/00 B F01D25/26 Z Application 2012-237886 (2012/10/29) Publication 2014-089067 (2014/05/15) International Patent Classification (IPC): G21C7/28 G21C9/02 FI: G21C7/28 G21C9/02 Z Application 2015-509007 (2013/04/11) Publication 2015-519552 (2015/07/09) International Patent Classification (IPC): G21C1/08 G21C13/00 G21C13/028 G21C17/02 FI: G21C1/08 G21C13/00 A G21C13/02 F G21C17/02 E Application 2009-299507 (2009/12/21) Publication 2011-128129 (2011/06/30) International Patent Classification (IPC): G21C1/00 G21C13/00 G21C17/003 G21F9/30 FI: G21C1/00 A G21C13/00 D G21C17/00 E G21F9/30 535A Application 2016-507542 (2014/03/07) Publication 2016-514847 (2016/05/23) International Patent Classification (IPC): G21C17/10 FI: G21C17/10 Y Application 2007-138419 (2007/04/24) Publication 2008-268163 (2008/11/06) International Patent Classification (IPC): G21C1/00 FI: G21C1/00 C Application 2013-531614 (2011/09/08) Publication 2014-510897 (2014/05/01) International Patent Classification (IPC): G21C1/32 G21C1/08 G21D1/00 FI: G21C1/32 G21C1/08 G21D1/00 S Application 2007-187505 (2007/07/18) Publication 2009-024368 (2009/02/05) International Patent Classification (IPC): E21D9/04 E21D9/00 E21D13/02 G21F1/02 G21F9/34 G21F9/36 1〜20 items / 655 items in total Jointly developed by Central Electric Power Research Institute and Toshiba Small nuclear reactors make their way back to the United States Opening up the era of distributed power sources with small nuclear reactors Material name: Monthly Energy (Energy) Volume: 38 Issue: 4 Pages: 8-9 Publication year: April 1, 2005 Attractiveness of small nuclear reactors and development trends Overview Attractive clips of small nuclear reactors Author (1): Hiroyuki Torii (Nihon Keizai Shimbun) Material name: Electrical Review Volume: 86 Issue: 6 Pages: 11-15 Publication year : June 10, 2001 Developmental processes and future of small-to-medium-sized nuclear reactors. From small-to-medium-sized nuclear reactors to those of the future. Thermo-hydraulic experimental validation of an integrated modular small reactor operating in full power natural circulation Research on micro-nuclear reactors for heat supply (11) Study on dynamic stability of deep underground cavities In the 21st century, even underground buildings in Tokyo... The age of the ultimate safe small nuclear reactor Small light water reactor "PSRD" located at the consumption site Used in deep underground and offshore barges

The present invention is a small modular reactor (SMR/Small Modular Reactor/(integrated package including a pressure vessel, steam generator, pressurizer, and containment vessel) that can be assembled as easily as assembling a plastic model and generates electricity in any situation. Safely embed it deep underground at the bottom of a hydroelectric power plant or mine site to reduce installation costs, have the lowest power generation costs, shorten the time to completion, solve CN (carbon neutral), SDG's, and move away from Russia.

Each team will solve the following issues simultaneously, including outsourcing.
1) Completion of small modular reactor SMR (Small Modular Reactor).
2) Testing of deep installation 3) Mass production of module units 4) Test mining 30 to 100 meters below the bottom of a hydropower dam lake 5) Selection of a site where a small modular nuclear reactor can be embedded in a former mine 6) Possibility of open-cut construction method 7 ) Installation, power generation, power transmission, running costs, radioactivity, verification of impact on drinking water 8) Power generation costs 9) AI, robots, fuel rod replacement, removal and burial of radioactive waste 10) Discussions with residents and stakeholders

Japan can take the lead in the field of small nuclear reactors and small nuclear power generation, where development competition is intensifying around the world. Speaking of nuclear power plants, China, Russia, France, and the United States are the countries, but nuclear power generation using the deep underwater small nuclear reactor of the present invention can break into this multi-hundred trillion yen market.

Comparison of the area required for power generation that does not emit carbon dioxide Nuclear power generation is superior to solar power generation and wind power generation in terms of ground efficiency Nuclear power generation is also superior when comparing power generation costs. Image diagram of nuclear fission of uranium Mechanism of nuclear power generation Estimated decay of radioactivity at the Fukushima nuclear power plant An image of industrialization of small modular furnace units like prefabricated houses SMR (Small Modular Reactor), a deep underground small modular reactor that is being researched in Japan At the hydroelectric power plant, this water will be drained and a small nuclear reactor will be buried. Because it is used as drinking water, measurements must always be made public. There are approximately 2,500 hydroelectric power plants across the country. You are sure to find a suitable location. 2,500 hydropower plants and 2,000 mines already have power transmission and road infrastructure. Radioactive waste will be hardened with crows and buried 300 meters underground in storage containers. A large open pit mine. In this case, the reactor area is simply filled and solidified using the open-cut method. The idea is to protect against natural disasters, earthquakes, tsunamis, and missile attacks. This is the remains of an open pit mine in Japan. There are also many quarries for stone used as building materials. After the underground tunnel. There is infrastructure such as trolley tracks, so the invention can be implemented quickly. Tokyo subway depth Open-cut construction site. Dig and then backfill. A diagram of a mine that has been dug deep, far, and deep into the depths. It also has an elevator and is suitable for burying small nuclear reactors. This eliminates the need for large cooling water pumps and large diameter piping. Japan's nuclear power plants are easy targets for missiles and pose a major safety risk. Furthermore, all of them have been located on the coast to obtain large amounts of cooling water (seawater). We are vulnerable to tsunamis and will have to reconsider going forward. Nuclear power plants located in inland areas overseas Typical construction methods such as open-cut construction, underground construction, and burial An example of Japanese lakes and marshes, part 1 Example of Japanese lakes and marshes part 2

The form for carrying out the present invention is a small nuclear reactor that does not require large cooling water pumps or large-diameter piping, or is of an external piping circulation type and does not have to worry about radiation leakage. The aim is to operate the system deep underground, where it is safe and the management of nuclear power generation waste is easy.

In an embodiment of the present invention, a small nuclear reactor unit is installed underground at the bottom of a dam lake in a hydroelectric power plant, and its operation and maintenance are controlled using AI and robots. Once a small nuclear reactor unit is in operation, it generates power stably, so it can generate electricity for several decades with manual operations.
The main points of the present invention are the advantages of ``installation underground'': 1. Shielding from radioactivity, 2. Radioactive waste is stored at deep depths, 3. Utilization of existing infrastructure such as power lines and roads; 4. 5. Protecting energy sources from unexpected situations such as unexpected accidents, natural disasters, and attacks from other countries. These include the realization of low-cost electricity.

An embodiment of the present invention is a technology that allows all small nuclear reactors and other small modular reactors (SMR = Small Modular Reactor) to be easily assembled like plastic models, and manufactured in a factory like a prefabricated house. It is to be. At the same time, it is important to develop hardware and software technologies for individual parts and building structures.

An example of implementing the present invention is to actually operate it underground as a triple composite safety implementation of underwater, underground, and compact high performance. Moreover, environmental considerations are essential for carbon-free nuclear power generation, which has an advantage in cost comparison and requires constant consideration of risks.

The industrial applicability of the present invention is to revitalize a wide range of industries such as the housing industry, machinery industry, and electric power industry by using the world's first technology based on the idea of the present invention.

The present invention solves various energy-related issues such as restrictions on fossil fuel imports due to the recent Russian invasion of Ukraine, soaring international prices, CN (Carbon Neutral) and SDG's, and rising prices in Japan due to the weak yen, even if it is sudden. This is about small deep nuclear reactors, nuclear power generation, and their location, which will be solved all at once.
Key points of the present invention: 1. Everything is manufactured in a factory at once, including the small module nuclear reactor that plays a central role in power generation. The module is an integrated package that includes a ``pressure vessel,'' ``steam generator,''``pressurizer,'' and ``containment vessel.'' Just like a plastic model, it ``simply assembles'' on site. These offer triple composite safety: "underwater, underground, compact and high performance."
Point 2 of the present invention is to install the nuclear reactor deep underground. The second point of the present invention is to install and use the system at a point where power transmission and equipment transportation road infrastructure is already complete, thereby reducing installation costs and shortening the construction period.
Examples of locations for the present invention include the lakebed of a hydroelectric dam, a mine, a tunnel, an abandoned mine, and a lake. The present invention can also deal with unforeseen accidents such as cooling water leaks, radioactivity leaks, natural disasters, earthquakes, tsunamis, missile attacks, and fires, which have long been issues associated with nuclear power generation.

In other words, the present invention uses a small modular reactor (SMR), in which the main equipment is manufactured in advance at a factory and then installed on site, similar to a prefabricated house. The system uses robots to automatically control operations, refuel, and maintain radioactive waste.
The main advantages of ``installation underground'' of the present invention are: 1. Shielding from radioactivity, 2. Radioactive waste is stored at deep depths, 3. Utilization of existing infrastructure such as power lines and roads; 4. 5. Protecting energy sources from unexpected situations such as unexpected accidents, natural disasters, and attacks from other countries. These include the realization of low-cost electricity.

In the present invention, the dormant infrastructure of the 20th century is: 1. Hydroelectric power plant, 2. Coal mines and coal mine ruins, 3. Lakes and water resources, 4. We think of rivers and flood control and think that these can be utilized for next-generation power generation.
In Japan, the infrastructure heritage of the present invention refers to industries dating back to the Edo period and hydroelectric power plants, coal mines, subways, underground malls, etc. that symbolize Japan's postwar recovery.
The present invention relates to the "installation of small module nuclear reactors SMR on lakebeds or nearby locations" of the 2,494 hydroelectric power plants that were built in the 1900s and are still in operation across the country.
According to the present invention, suitable locations for installing a small nuclear reactor can be selected from approximately 2,500 locations. The "lake bottom location of hydroelectric power generation and collaboration between power generators" of the present invention is an invention that has not yet been reported.

The lakebed of the hydroelectric power plant where the present invention is located is a small modular nuclear reactor (SMR) with an output of 60,000 kW (525.6 million KWh) per module, compared to a normal "pressurized water type" reactor. It generates 1/20th the power and is ideal for safe installation. The following shows how the collaboration with 2,494 hydroelectric power plants is an invention and a breakthrough.
1. Hydroelectric power plants always have water for reactor cooling. (Advantage 1)
2. Water stored in hydroelectric power plants (dam type) can be drained. During the construction of a small nuclear reactor, incoming water can be diverted using a pipeline, allowing construction to proceed underground on dry ground and burying the power generation unit. (Advantage 2)
3. If water is drained for a certain period of time, a small modular reactor (SMR) is buried deep underground in the lake bed, and then water is filled, cooling of the small reactor is safe and the circulating water for cooling will not be contaminated with radioactivity. It is also safe for downstream drinking water use. At the same time, since it is located underground at the bottom of the lake, it has high protection against attacks from external enemies. (Advantage 3)
4. The entire power generation administration building will be controlled by AI and robots and will be located in a nearby location. In the unlikely event that an unimaginable disaster or attack occurs and there are concerns about radioactivity leaking, it can be buried in concrete. (Advantage 4)
5. Disposal of radioactive waste is also easy and safe. First of all, because it is always underwater and stored deep underground, there is no need to worry about exposure to atomic bombs. (Advantage 5)
6. Even if a hydroelectric power plant is located deep in the mountains, there are roads built at the time of construction and it can be used immediately, leading to cost savings and time savings. (Advantage 6)
7. Hydroelectric power plants already have transmission lines and substation equipment and can be used immediately. (Advantage 7)
8. Hydroelectric power and nuclear power can be used interchangeably when emergency power is needed. For example, at night when electricity demand is low, electricity generated from nuclear power can be used to pump up water stored below and use it to generate electricity during the day. (Advantage 8)
9. The small modular nuclear reactor is divided into parts like a plastic model. One module is an integrated package that includes a ``pressure vessel,'' ``steam generator,''``pressurizer,'' and ``containment vessel.'' Replacement of uranium fuel rods and other tasks are carried out using robots, including the radioactive-blocking package. The importance of ``cooling water'' in the Fukushima nuclear power plant accident is well known, and it is easy to gain the understanding of residents about ``installing a small module reactor on the deep lakebed of a dam.'' Scenes such as the hydrogen explosion at the Fukushima nuclear power plant have been repeatedly broadcast, which should help gain a certain level of understanding among residents, but safety simulations of dam embankment bursts should also be prepared.

The next key point of the present invention, ``location,'' is that small nuclear reactors are installed in deep underground mines and mine ruins, more than 2,000 of which have been mined since the Edo period, symbolized by the golden country ``Zipangu.'' The aim is to establish a safe nuclear power plant without incurring initial costs.
For example, Japan has approximately 2,000 mines and mine ruins that are considered suitable sites for underground nuclear power plants. There are no prefectures without mines, and it is easy to choose a location for installing a small nuclear reactor deep underground, which solves the concerns about nuclear power generation mentioned in 0009 below.
1. There is a shaft in the mine. Mine shafts are usually dug deep underground or into mountains. In other words, ``roads'', ``elevators'', and ``trolley tracks'' have already been added. Not only will there be no additional costs for installing a small nuclear reactor unit, but the construction period can be expected to be significantly shortened.
2. In the case of open-pit mining, the ``open-cut method'' (a method of burying the structure or backfilling it with earth and concrete after construction) similarly buries a small or large nuclear reactor to create a deep nuclear reactor or nuclear power plant.
3. This construction method makes use of the methods used to construct subways and underground malls. The advantages of deep underground nuclear power plants are basically the same as those of ``hydroelectric lake bottoms,'' but when procuring cooling water, consideration must be given to the proximity of ``lakes'' and ``rivers.''
4. By the way, there are 226 lakes and marshes in Japan, and 126 large rivers. Recently, research has also progressed in which cooling water is not necessarily required for cooling small nuclear reactors by using a sodium chloride aqueous solution with a low freezing temperature.

The third gist of the present invention is a modular small-scale nuclear power generation system that can generate electricity in the shortest possible time by making use of the dormant infrastructure of the 20th century, and the installation of small nuclear reactor units in lakes, irrigation ponds, reservoirs, and swamps. For example, Japan has 226 large lakes and ponds that are always full of water that can be used for cooling, and at the same time protect it from attacks from foreign enemies. It is difficult to build a facility in a river, but it is possible if it is underwater or in a lake. In that case, the construction method would be to excavate a revision, sink the unit, and extend it to connect it with the above-ground part, similar to the method used for passing through an underwater tunnel. This is also a type of deep underground nuclear power plant of the present invention.

The following can be considered as an example of the "Small Modular Reactor" (SMR) which is the main character of the present invention. List icon The output of one module is 60,000 kW, about 1/20 of a normal "pressurized water" reactor.List icon Up to 12 modules will be installed in a large pool.
List icon 1 module is an integrated package that includes a "pressure vessel,""steamgenerator,""pressurizer," and "containment vessel," eliminating the need for large cooling water pumps or large-diameter piping. List Icon Each module connects to its own independent turbine generator and condenser, allowing list icon miniaturization and integration to avoid the risk of large-scale loss of coolant accidents.

Recently, world energy policy has changed completely due to Russia's invasion of Ukraine, albeit suddenly. At the same time, the time has come when we must also consider CN (carbon neutral) SDG's.
The ultra-deep nuclear power generation of the present invention directly faces and solves the above two problems. Against this political and economic background, research into downsizing nuclear power generation is progressing. One of the most representative ones is the "small module reactor." Also known as SMR (Small Modular Reactor), development is progressing around the world. If we were to describe its characteristics in terms of keywords, we would use three keywords: "compact,""modular," and "multipurpose." When a nuclear reactor is made smaller, it cools down more easily than a large reactor. Technically speaking, this phenomenon occurs because small reactors have a large surface area relative to their volume. If we investigate this characteristic, it will become possible to cool water naturally into a nuclear reactor without having to pump it into the reactor.

No matter how safe it is, people who actually watched the Chernobyl, Three Mile Island, and Fukushima nuclear power plant accidents on TV will not easily get rid of their fears and allergies to ``invisible radiation and exposure.'' Dew.
At the same time, decarbonization, CN (carbon neutral), and SDG's are also urgent issues that need to be resolved. Furthermore, the more popular EVs (electric vehicles) become, the more the importance of electric energy as fuel will increase, but will not decrease.
Due to the above concerns, the main points of the present invention are the advantages of ``installation underground'': 1. Shielding from radioactivity, 2. Radioactive waste is stored at deep depths, 3. Utilization of existing infrastructure such as power lines and roads; 4. 5. Protecting energy sources from unexpected situations such as unexpected accidents, natural disasters, and attacks from other countries. These include the realization of low-cost electricity.
The future energy challenges are 1) low cost, 2) deoxidization, 3) de-Russia (reducing dependence on fossil fuels), 4) safety (assuming not only natural disasters but also war), 5) stable supply, 6) shortening of time ( 7) Common use of conventional infrastructure.

If this is realized, not only will safety be improved, but the overall structure of the reactor will be simpler and maintenance will be easier. As a result, it becomes possible to reduce costs and improve economic efficiency. The present invention accomplishes exactly this. Consideration is also being given to downsizing nuclear reactors, thorough preparation for cooling, and cost competition with other forms of electricity.
Russia's recent, albeit sudden, invasion of Ukraine has forced Western society to take measures such as restricting or banning the import of fossil energy, searching for alternative supply countries, and converting to alternative energy sources. Coal, oil, and especially large energy raw materials are LNG (liquefied natural gas). In particular, EU countries have given up on LNG pipeline facilities from Russia, and although they will continue to import a certain amount for the time being, they have been forced to adopt a policy of embargoing imports in the medium to long term. Energy issues are an urgent issue around the world, and coupled with SDG's and CN (carbon neutrality), moving away from fossil fuels has become a global issue.

Not only the restart of coal power plants in their own countries, the continuation of nuclear power plants that had been decided to be decommissioned, but also the construction of new nuclear power plants were announced one after another, including in Germany and the United Kingdom. The fact that nuclear power generation produces zero carbon dioxide appears to have been reconsidered. There is no doubt that the ultra-deep nuclear power generation of the present invention will bring great benefits to the installation of new nuclear power plants.
Nuclear power plants are likely to be the first targets of attack, as was the case with Russia's recent, albeit sudden, invasion of Ukraine. Given the threat of a nuclear explosion, the control over power, and the huge and long-lasting impact it would have on the region, it would make sense that it would be the first target. Future nuclear power generation cannot ignore not only the inherent risks of the past, but also the protection from external enemies.

Until now, each nuclear power plant was built on-site as a one-of-a-kind item, which tended to take a long time. In addition, it has been manufactured through multiple confirmation and approval tests to ensure quality. However, the situation is starting to change with the idea of incorporating as much of the "modular architecture" method as possible, which involves assembling plastic models, as much as possible. The method is to obtain design approval through regulations and ``type certification,'' and then carry out the entire process at once by ``factory production, assembly, transportation, and installation.'' This is exactly what a prefabricated house is, and this ``technique/small module construction method nuclear reactor'' is one of the fundamentals of the present invention.
In this case, the process would be to first "downsize" the reactor to a size that can be transported (by rail or highway in the United States, or by inland canals in Europe), and then decide on the output of the reactor.

On the other hand, when it comes to nuclear power plants, psychological resistance is difficult. Local residents' emotions, opposition movements, radioactive leaks, the constant need for large amounts of cooling water, and the fact that they are often located on the coast in case of an accident are factors that make them easy targets for attack. be. The ultra-deep nuclear power plant of the present invention invents and makes concrete proposals for safety protection, radioactive waste, cooling water, reactor handling methods, etc. On the other hand, small nuclear reactors can also be expected to have the double benefit of producing hydrogen as a next-generation energy source. (quoted below)
High-temperature gas furnaces can supply heat of approximately 950℃, and are used in a variety of applications that utilize heat from high to low temperatures with high efficiency depending on demand, such as hydrogen production through thermochemical decomposition of water, high-efficiency gas turbine power generation, and district heating. You can build a system. For this reason, high-temperature gas furnaces can be used for a variety of purposes in addition to power generation, and can greatly contribute to reducing carbon dioxide emissions as an alternative to fossil resources.
In order to realize commercial high-temperature gas reactors, the Japan Atomic Energy Agency is researching and developing nuclear reactor technology related to high-temperature gas reactors using the High Temperature Engineering Test and Research Reactor (hereinafter referred to as "HTTR"), using inexhaustible water as a raw material. Produce hydrogen without emitting carbon dioxide. We are conducting research and development on heat utilization technologies such as the advanced thermochemical method IS process 1).
We are conducting research and development to produce hydrogen using nuclear energy, which is attracting attention as a future energy source. Dimethyl ether (DME) reforming is used when using a low-temperature heat source of about 250 °C in a light water reactor, and high-temperature steam electrolysis is used when using a heat source of 500 °C or higher in a gas reactor or fast reactor, and high temperatures exceeding 900 °C can be obtained. The IS (Iodine-Sulfur) method, which is one of the thermochemical decomposition methods of water, was selected as the hydrogen production method for each high-temperature gas reactor.
Japan's public and private sectors are working to develop a hybrid plant that can simultaneously generate nuclear power and produce green hydrogen. Heat is extracted from the nuclear reactor and the main raw material, water, undergoes a chemical reaction to produce hydrogen. It is one of the next generation reactors called high-temperature gas reactors (HTGRs). Hydrogen is expected to contribute to the decarbonization of steel plants and the chemical industry.
The small modular reactor SMR of the present invention installed deep underground will play a central role in future energy policy. All energy is obtained from the universe (sun, gravity, gravity). Fossil, geothermal, wind, solar, and nuclear power are all the same. The fact that deep nuclear power generation is installed underground is a result of human wisdom and is rather natural.

In many cases, the problems, concerns, and points to be overcome in nuclear power generation and nuclear power plants can be summarized as follows.
1. Safety against accidents (earthquakes, tsunamis, natural disasters, typhoons, explosions, meltdowns, external attack targeting, marine pollution, water pollution, soil pollution, air pollution, atomic bomb exposure, etc.)
2. Radioactive contamination (environmental issues, food, reputational damage, ocean dumping, crops, livestock, etc.) Number of operating years (some say 40 or 50 years, but what will happen to the decommissioning after that?)
3. Radioactive waste (tritium, iodine 131/7 days, cesium 134/88 days, cesium 137/99 days, strontium 90/18 years, plutonium 229/20 years...effective half-life)
4. Length of radioactivity decay period (tritium, iodine 131/8 days, cesium 134/2 years, cesium 137/30 years, strontium 90/29 years, plutonium 229/24000 years...physical half-life)
5. How to dispose of radioactive waste (sealed 300 meters underground after processing, earthquakes and crustal movements)
6. Cooling water (without a large amount of water, an explosion like the one at the Fukushima nuclear power plant will occur)
7. Location (must obtain consent from many stakeholders including neighboring residents and local governments)
8. Uranium procurement (import procedures, transportation, storage, etc.)
9. Infrastructure 1: Architecture, machinery, equipment, nuclear reactors, generators, structures, buildings, pipelines, warehouses 10. Infrastructure 2: Reactor building, turbine building, waste building, various service buildings, control room building, etc.

Any mistake in any of the above can cause major problems. A major problem is one that affects human life, and is significantly different from solar power generation or wind power generation in terms of the degree of risk. In other words, the problem with nuclear power generation is all 1. “Removal of danger”, 2. “Reducing the level of risk to the lowest possible level”; 3. It can be summarized as "stable operation". At the same time, we must continue to skillfully utilize ``nuclear power generation,'' a great discovery of civilization with the highest efficiency. The main point of the present invention is to realize the above three points.

The main point of the present invention is to solve the above problems all at once.
The present invention will specifically explain the following 10 problems, which will be referred to as "proof of inventiveness."
1. Why is “deep-depth nuclear power generation” required? (Advantages of new/progressive features)
2. What are the economics of the location? (Nuclear power generation requires a huge amount of money to construct)
3. What are the advantages of maintenance? (Using AI and robots)
4. What about consideration for the surrounding area and environment, such as SDG's, CN (carbon neutral), interest groups, resident measures, environmental measures, etc.? (Comparison with conventional/rumor/radioactivity leak/CO2)
5. What about cooling water measures? (It requires a large amount of cooling water 24 hours a day, which is absolutely essential.)
6. What about radioactive waste and the decommissioning process? (Buried 300 meters underground in a storage container sealed with glass)
7. What are the advantages of building placement? (Reactor building, turbine building, waste building, various service buildings, control room building, etc.)
8. What about the equipment and vendors? (Revival of domestic industry through international patents)
9. How should we respond to natural disasters and attacks from foreign countries? (Earthquakes, tsunamis, typhoons, missile attacks, etc.)
10. What about power generation, stable supply, and power transmission? (Cost performance calculation includes accident risk response cost, policy cost, CO2 countermeasure cost, fuel cost, operation and maintenance cost, capital cost)

The term "ultra-deep nuclear power generation" in the present invention refers to a deep underground power plant in which a nuclear reactor is installed approximately 30 meters to approximately 300 meters underground. The Earth's outer shell is about 30 kilometers, and the deepest drilling to date was 12 kilometers in Russia. Also, earthquakes generally occur about 70 kilometers underground, so compared to that, it may not be called "ultra-deep" or "very deep."

Application 2012-208492 (2012/09/21) Publication 2014-062830 (2014/04/10) International Patent Classification (IPC): G21C7/30 FI: G21C7/30 Application 2013-104170 (2013/05/16) Publication 2014-224764 (2014/12/04) International Patent Classification (IPC): G21C7/28 FI: G21C7/28 Application JP2012008124 (2012/12/19) Publication WO2013094196 (2013/06/27) International Patent Classification (IPC): G21C1/02 G21C3/60 G21C7/28 G21D1/00 G21D5/14 FI: G21C1/02 A G21C3/60 G21C7 /28 G21D1/00 Q G21D5/14 Application 2016-019801 (2016/02/04) Publication 2016-145828 (2016/08/12) International Patent Classification (IPC): G21D5/02 F01K9/02 F01D25/24 F01K9/00 F01D25/26 FI: G21D5/02 F01K9 /02 F01D25/24 K F01K9/00 B F01D25/26 Z Application 2012-237886 (2012/10/29) Publication 2014-089067 (2014/05/15) International Patent Classification (IPC): G21C7/28 G21C9/02 FI: G21C7/28 G21C9/02 Z Application 2015-509007 (2013/04/11) Publication 2015-519552 (2015/07/09) International Patent Classification (IPC): G21C1/08 G21C13/00 G21C13/028 G21C17/02 FI: G21C1/08 G21C13/00 A G21C13/02 F G21C17/02 E Application 2009-299507 (2009/12/21) Publication 2011-128129 (2011/06/30) International Patent Classification (IPC): G21C1/00 G21C13/00 G21C17/003 G21F9/30 FI: G21C1/00 A G21C13/00 D G21C17/00 E G21F9/30 535A Application 2016-507542 (2014/03/07) Publication 2016-514847 (2016/05/23) International Patent Classification (IPC): G21C17/10 FI: G21C17/10 Y Application 2007-138419 (2007/04/24) Publication 2008-268163 (2008/11/06) International Patent Classification (IPC): G21C1/00 FI: G21C1/00 C Application 2013-531614 (2011/09/08) Publication 2014-510897 (2014/05/01) International Patent Classification (IPC): G21C1/32 G21C1/08 G21D1/00 FI: G21C1/32 G21C1/08 G21D1/00 S Application 2007-187505 (2007/07/18) Publication 2009-024368 (2009/02/05) International Patent Classification (IPC): E21D9/04 E21D9/00 E21D13/02 G21F1/02 G21F9/34 G21F9/36 1〜20 items / 655 items in total Jointly developed by Central Electric Power Research Institute and Toshiba Small nuclear reactors make their way back to the United States Opening up the era of distributed power sources with small nuclear reactors Material name: Monthly Energy (Energy) Volume: 38 Issue: 4 Pages: 8-9 Publication year: April 1, 2005 Attractiveness of small nuclear reactors and development trends Overview Attractive clips of small nuclear reactors Author (1): Hiroyuki Torii (Nihon Keizai Shimbun) Material name: Electrical Review Volume: 86 Issue: 6 Pages: 11-15 Publication year : June 10, 2001 Developmental processes and future of small-to-medium-sized nuclear reactors. From small-to-medium-sized nuclear reactors to those of the future. Thermo-hydraulic experimental validation of an integrated modular small reactor operating in full power natural circulation Research on micro-nuclear reactors for heat supply (11) Study on dynamic stability of deep underground cavities In the 21st century, even underground buildings in Tokyo... The age of the ultimate safe small nuclear reactor Small light water reactor "PSRD" located at the consumption site Used in deep underground and offshore barges

The present invention is a small modular reactor (SMR/Small Modular Reactor/(integrated package including a pressure vessel, steam generator, pressurizer, and containment vessel) that can be assembled as easily as assembling a plastic model and generates electricity in any situation. Safely embed it deep underground at the bottom of a hydroelectric power plant or mine site to reduce installation costs, have the lowest power generation costs, shorten the time to completion, solve CN (carbon neutral), SDG's, and move away from Russia.

Each team will solve the following issues simultaneously, including outsourcing.
1) Completion of small modular reactor SMR (Small Modular Reactor).
2) Testing of deep installation 3) Mass production of module units 4) Test mining 30 to 100 meters below the bottom of a hydropower dam lake 5) Selection of a site where a small modular nuclear reactor can be embedded in a former mine 6) Possibility of open-cut construction method 7 ) Installation, power generation, power transmission, running costs, radioactivity, verification of impact on drinking water 8) Power generation costs 9) AI, robots, fuel rod replacement, removal and burial of radioactive waste 10) Discussions with residents and stakeholders

Japan can take the lead in the field of small nuclear reactors and small nuclear power generation, where development competition is intensifying around the world. Speaking of nuclear power plants, China, Russia, France, and the United States are the countries, but nuclear power generation using the deep underwater small nuclear reactor of the present invention can break into this multi-hundred trillion yen market.

Comparison of the area required for power generation that does not emit carbon dioxide Nuclear power generation is superior to solar power generation and wind power generation in terms of ground efficiency Nuclear power generation is also superior when comparing power generation costs. Image diagram of nuclear fission of uranium Mechanism of nuclear power generation Estimated decay of radioactivity at the Fukushima nuclear power plant An image of industrialization of small modular furnace units like prefabricated houses SMR (Small Modular Reactor), a deep underground small modular reactor that is being researched in Japan At the hydroelectric power plant, this water will be drained and a small nuclear reactor will be buried. Because it is used as drinking water, measurements must always be made public. There are approximately 2,500 hydroelectric power plants across the country. You are sure to find a suitable location. 2,500 hydropower plants and 2,000 mines already have power transmission and road infrastructure. Radioactive waste will be hardened with crows and buried 300 meters underground in storage containers. A large open pit mine. In this case, the reactor area is simply filled and solidified using the open-cut method. The idea is to protect against natural disasters, earthquakes, tsunamis, and missile attacks. This is the remains of an open pit mine in Japan. There are also many quarries for stone used as building materials. After the underground tunnel. There is infrastructure such as trolley tracks, so the invention can be implemented quickly. Tokyo subway depth Open-cut construction site. Dig and then backfill. A diagram of a mine that has been dug deep, far, and deep into the depths. It also has an elevator and is suitable for burying small nuclear reactors. This eliminates the need for large cooling water pumps and large diameter piping. Japan's nuclear power plants are easy targets for missiles and pose a major safety risk. Furthermore, all of them have been located on the coast to obtain large amounts of cooling water (seawater). It is vulnerable to tsunamis and must be reconsidered in the future. Nuclear power plants located in inland areas overseas Typical construction methods such as open-cut construction, underground construction, and burial An example of Japanese lakes and marshes, part 1 Example of Japanese lakes and marshes part 2

The form for carrying out the present invention is a small nuclear reactor that does not require large cooling water pumps or large-diameter piping, or is of an external piping circulation type and does not have to worry about radiation leakage. The aim is to operate the system deep underground, where it is safe and the management of nuclear power generation waste is easy.

In an embodiment of the present invention, a small nuclear reactor unit is installed underground at the bottom of a dam lake in a hydroelectric power plant, and its operation and maintenance are controlled using AI and robots. Once a small nuclear reactor unit is in operation, it generates power stably, so it can generate electricity for several decades with manual operations.
The main points of the present invention are the advantages of ``installation underground'': 1. Shielding from radioactivity, 2. Radioactive waste is stored at deep depths, 3. Utilization of existing infrastructure such as power lines and roads; 4. 5. Protecting energy sources from unexpected situations such as unexpected accidents, natural disasters, and attacks from other countries. These include the realization of low-cost electricity.

An embodiment of the present invention is a technology that allows all small nuclear reactors and other small modular reactors (SMR = Small Modular Reactor) to be easily assembled like plastic models, and manufactured in a factory like a prefabricated house. It is to be. At the same time, it is important to develop hardware and software technologies for individual parts and building structures.

An example of implementing the present invention is to actually operate it underground as a triple composite safety implementation of underwater, underground, and compact high performance. Moreover, environmental considerations are essential for carbon-free nuclear power generation, which has an advantage in cost comparison and requires constant consideration of risks.

The industrial applicability of the present invention is to revitalize a wide range of industries such as the housing industry, machinery industry, and electric power industry by using the world's first technology based on the idea of the present invention.

Claims (6)

Most of the modules related to small nuclear power generation are manufactured in factories like prefabricated houses, and they can be assembled on site using simple blueprints like plastic models.A set of small nuclear reactors and small nuclear power generation units. The unit of the invention is installed in lakebeds, irrigation ponds, swamps, mines and abandoned mines 10 meters to 500 meters underground or under the sea, and its operation and maintenance are controlled by AI and robots, making it a double and triple safety system. A small nuclear power generation unit that generates power underground, under water, or under the sea. Hydraulic dams are built on the bottom of lakes, on the ocean floor, on the ocean floor, or buried deep underground in mines to provide added safety from natural disasters, earthquakes, tsunamis, typhoons, fires, missile attacks, etc. A small nuclear reactor inside and a small nuclear power generation unit set or a large underground nuclear power plant Installation in mountainous and plain areas where hydroelectric power generation and mine transmission lines, trolley tracks, elevators, and access roads can be shared, reducing initial and running costs and shortening the construction period for installation, maintenance, and resident countermeasures. A complete set of small nuclear power generation units or large underground nuclear power plants A set of small nuclear power generation units or large underground nuclear power plants that are installed 10 to 600 meters underground inland and use fresh water from lakes, rivers, dams, etc. as reactor cooling water. Underground nuclear power generation equipment that can store radioactive waste from nuclear power generation in storage containers deep underground for decades to hundreds of years without any expense, and robots and mobile equipment that can move and operate it.