JP2023154926A - Heat storage type storage battery, cogeneration system, and cogeneration system group - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a heat storage type storage battery which is a battery of a novel system for generating power by utilizing heat media at mutually different temperatures stored within a heat pump cycle.SOLUTION: A heat storage type storage battery includes: a compressor for compressing a heat medium; a first flow passage connected to the compressor; a pressure accumulation heat insulation high-temperature reservoir connected to the first flow passage; a second flow passage connected to the pressure accumulation heat insulation high-temperature reservoir; an expansion device provided in the second flow passage and configured to reduce a pressure of the heat medium flowing in the second flow passage; a pressure accumulation heat insulation low-temperature reservoir, which is provided at an upstream side or a downstream side of the expansion device in the second flow passage, for storing the heat medium in the second flow passage; a third flow passage connected to a downstream side of the second flow passage and configured to supply the heat medium passing the expansion device and the pressure accumulation heat insulation low-temperature reservoir to the compressor; and a binary generator configured to generate power by utilizing heat of the heat medium flowing at an upstream side of an expansion turbine in the second flow passage and the heat medium flowing in the third flow passage.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

The present disclosure relates to a thermal storage battery, a combined heat and power system, and a group of combined heat and power systems.

Conventionally, Japan has adopted an energy supply system that supplies electricity from large-scale centralized power plants, such as nuclear power plants. On the other hand, in recent years, from the perspective of stable energy supply and energy conservation, distributed energy supply systems, in which relatively small-scale energy conversion equipment is installed near energy consumption areas to supply energy, have attracted attention. There is.

Patent Document 1 describes a district combined heat and power system that is one form of a distributed energy supply system. In the district combined heat and power system described in Patent Document 1, at least a compressor and a heat dissipation device are provided on the side that supplies the heat medium, and a heat exchanger is provided on the consumer side (a plurality of consumers in the target area) to which the heat medium is supplied. is installed to form a flow path for the heat medium between the side that supplies the heat medium and the side that is supplied with the heat medium, creating a large-scale heat pump cycle that targets multiple consumers in the target area. This makes it possible to efficiently meet the demand for air conditioning and hot water supply in the target area with less energy input.

In this configuration, by providing at least the compressor and the heat dissipation device as shared equipment for multiple consumers in the common flow path of the heat medium, compared to the case where these facilities are installed on each consumer's side, each consumer's side is The equipment configuration can be simplified. This makes it possible to reduce or eliminate the problems of installation space and noise for cogeneration equipment on each consumer side.

JP2016-61190A

The present disclosure relates to a thermal storage battery, which is a new type of battery that generates electricity using thermal media of different temperatures stored in a heat pump cycle, a combined heat and power generation system equipped with the same, and a thermoelectric power generation system that is capable of mutually exchanging heat and electricity. The purpose is to provide a group of co-supply systems.

In order to achieve the above object, a thermal storage battery according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure includes:
a compressor for compressing a heat medium;
a first flow path connected to a compressor and through which the heat medium compressed by the compressor flows;
a pressure-accumulating insulated high-temperature storage tank connected to the first flow path and for storing the heat medium supplied from the first flow path;
a second flow path connected to the pressure-accumulated adiabatic high-temperature storage tank and for flowing the heat medium that has exited the pressure-accumulated adiabatic high-temperature storage tank;
an expansion device provided in the second flow path and configured to reduce the pressure of the heat medium flowing through the second flow path;
a pressure-accumulating insulated low-temperature storage tank provided upstream or downstream of the expansion device in the second flow path and for storing the heat medium in the second flow path;
a third flow path connected to the downstream side of the second flow path and configured to supply the heat medium that has passed through each of the expansion device and the pressure accumulation adiabatic low temperature storage tank to the compressor;
a binary generator configured to generate electricity using the heat of the heat medium flowing upstream of the expansion device in the second flow path and the heat medium flowing through the third flow path;
Equipped with

In order to achieve the above object, a combined heat and power generation system according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure includes:
The above thermal storage battery,
a fourth flow path connected to the pressure accumulation adiabatic high temperature storage tank and configured to supply the heat medium from the pressure accumulation adiabatic high temperature storage tank to the consumer at the target site;
Equipped with

In order to achieve the above object, a combined heat and power system group according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure includes:
A combined heat and power system group comprising a plurality of the above combined heat and power systems,
The plurality of combined heat and power generation systems are provided corresponding to the plurality of target sites, respectively,
The combined heat and power system group further includes an integrated heat and power supply and demand system configured to optimize the supply and demand of electric power and heat in the entire plurality of combined heat and power systems.

According to the present disclosure, there is provided a thermal storage battery, which is a new type of battery that generates electricity by using thermal media of different temperatures stored in a heat pump cycle, and a combined heat and power system and a group of combined heat and power systems that include the same. Ru.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a schematic configuration of a district combined heat and power system 2 (2A) according to an embodiment. 2 is a diagram showing an example of a schematic configuration of a binary generator 22. FIG. FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing a schematic configuration of district combined heat and power system group 4. FIG. FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a schematic configuration of a district combined heat and power system 2 (2B) according to an embodiment. It is a schematic diagram which shows the circulation flow path 74 and the circulation flow path 76 in the district combined heat and power system 2 (2B) shown in FIG. 4 with a thick line. FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a schematic configuration of a district combined heat and power system 2 (2C) according to an embodiment. It is a schematic diagram which shows the modification of the district combined heat and power system 2 (2B). FIG. 3 is a diagram showing another example of the configuration of a heat pump cycle in the district combined heat and power system 2 (2A to 2C). FIG. 3 is a diagram showing another example of the configuration of a heat pump cycle in the district combined heat and power system 2 (2A to 2C).

Hereinafter, some embodiments of the present disclosure will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the dimensions, materials, shapes, relative arrangement, etc. of the components described as embodiments or shown in the drawings are not intended to limit the scope of the invention thereto, and are merely illustrative examples. .
For example, expressions expressing relative or absolute positioning such as "in a certain direction,""along a certain direction,""parallel,""orthogonal,""centered,""concentric," or "coaxial" are strictly In addition to representing such an arrangement, it also represents a state in which they are relatively displaced with a tolerance or an angle or distance that allows the same function to be obtained.
For example, expressions such as "same,""equal," and "homogeneous" that indicate that things are in an equal state do not only mean that things are exactly equal, but also have tolerances or differences in the degree to which the same function can be obtained. It also represents the existing state.
For example, expressions expressing shapes such as squares and cylinders do not only refer to shapes such as squares and cylinders in a strict geometric sense, but also include uneven parts and chamfers to the extent that the same effect can be obtained. Shapes including parts, etc. shall also be expressed.
On the other hand, the expressions "comprising,""comprising,""comprising,""containing," or "having" one component are not exclusive expressions that exclude the presence of other components.

(Schematic configuration of district combined heat and power system)
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a schematic configuration of a district combined heat and power system 2 (2A) according to an embodiment.
The district combined heat and power system 2 shown in FIG. 1 is a system constructed to be able to generate electricity and supply heat to the consumer 100 at the target site in parallel. The scale of the target site may be, for example, an area with a diameter of about 300 to 500 meters, or may be larger or smaller. The demand entity 100 includes at least one type of various facilities such as a detached house, a housing complex such as an apartment, a shopping facility, a factory, and a hospital.

As shown in FIG. 1, the district combined heat and power system 2 includes an electric motor 5, a compressor 6, a first flow path 8, a pressure storage insulation high temperature storage tank 10, a second flow path 12, an expansion turbine 14 (expansion device), a pressure storage insulation Low temperature storage tank 18, third flow path 20, binary generator 22, fourth flow path 24, fifth flow path 26, sixth flow path 28, seventh flow path 30, power transmission lines 32 to 38, and site heat and power supply and demand system 50 , a temperature sensor 82, a temperature sensor 84, and a motor control section 86. Note that in FIG. 1, heat and electric power transfer paths are indicated by solid lines and dashed-dotted lines, respectively.

The electric motor 5 is connected to the compressor 6, and drives the compressor 6 using electric power supplied from the site heat and power supply and demand system 50 via the power transmission line 32. The electric power supplied from the site heat and power supply and demand system 50 to the electric motor 5 may be grid power, electric power supplied from the binary generator 22, or a power source connected to the expansion turbine 14, which will be described later. The power may be supplied from a generator or various electrical equipment such as an EV, NAS battery, or solar power installed in the consumer 100 through the power transmission line 36. When using grid power as the power supplied from the site heat and power supply and demand system 50 to the electric motor 5, it is desirable to use inexpensive nighttime power.

The compressor 6 is configured to be driven by the electric motor 5 to compress the medium-temperature, low-pressure heat medium supplied from the third flow path 20 to generate a high-temperature, high-pressure heat medium. Note that in other embodiments, instead of the electric motor 5, the compressor 6 may be driven directly by a windmill, a waterwheel, or the like (without converting it into electric power). Further, the heat medium supplied from the third flow path 20 to the compressor 6 is not particularly limited as long as it can be used in a heat pump cycle, and for example, CO ₂ , ammonia, propane, butane, alternative CFCs, etc. are used. be able to. In addition, in this specification, expressions such as high temperature, medium temperature, and low temperature are used as relative temperatures in descending order of temperature. Furthermore, as relative pressures, expressions such as high pressure, medium pressure, and low pressure are used in descending order of pressure.

The first flow path 8 is connected to the downstream side of the compressor 6 and is configured to flow the high temperature and high pressure heat medium compressed by the compressor 6.

The pressure accumulating heat insulating high temperature storage tank 10 is connected to the downstream side of the first flow path 8 and is configured to store the high temperature and high pressure heat medium supplied from the first flow path 8 .

The second flow path 12 is connected to the downstream side of the pressure accumulation adiabatic high temperature storage tank 10, and operates the heat medium leaving the pressure accumulation heat insulation high temperature storage tank 10 on the high temperature side of the binary generator 22 (the evaporator 92 side to be described later). After exchanging heat with the medium, it is configured to be supplied to the expansion turbine 14 and the pressure accumulation adiabatic cryogenic storage tank 18. In some embodiments, a portion of the high-temperature and high-pressure heat medium stored in the pressure-insulated high-temperature storage tank 10 is described below in accordance with a command from the site heat and power supply and demand system 50 based on the heat/power demand and consumption of the consumer 100. is supplied to the consumer 100 through the fourth flow path 24, and a portion is introduced into the high temperature side of the binary generator 22 through the second flow path 12, where it exchanges heat with the working medium and is evaporated due to the expansion force of the working medium. Electric power may be generated and supplied to the consumer 100 via the power transmission line 34 and the power transmission line 35. The heat medium flowing through the second flow path 12 radiates heat on the high temperature side of the binary generator 22 and is cooled down. In one embodiment, the hot side of the binary generator 22 functions as a condenser that condenses a portion of the heat transfer medium flowing through the second flow path 12 .

The expansion turbine 14 is provided on the downstream side of the binary generator 22 in the second flow path 12, and the expansion turbine 14 is provided with a medium temperature and high pressure heat medium flowing through the second flow path 12 (after performing work on the high temperature side of the binary generator 22). It is configured to reduce the pressure of a medium-temperature, high-pressure heat medium. In the example shown in FIG. 1, the expansion turbine 14 is driven by the medium temperature and high pressure heat medium flowing through the second flow path 12, and a generator (not shown) connected to the expansion turbine 14 generates electricity. Electric power obtained from the generator connected to the expansion turbine 14 is transmitted to the site heat and power supply and demand system 50 via the power transmission line 33.

The pressure accumulation adiabatic low temperature storage tank 18 is provided downstream of the expansion turbine 14 in the second flow path 12 and is configured to store the low temperature and low pressure heat medium in the second flow path 12 .

The third flow path 20 is connected to the downstream side of the second flow path 12, and transfers the heat medium that has passed through the expansion turbine 14 and the pressure storage adiabatic low temperature storage tank 18 to the low temperature side of the binary generator 22 (a condenser described later). 98) to the compressor 6. In some embodiments, a portion of the low-temperature, low-pressure heat medium stored in the pressure-insulated low-temperature storage tank 18 is described below in accordance with a command from the site heat and power supply and demand system 50 based on the demand and consumption of cold heat and electric power of the consumer 100. The working medium is supplied to the consumer 100 through the sixth flow path 28, and a portion thereof is introduced into the low temperature side of the binary generator 22 through the third flow path 20, and condensed by heat exchange. Power may be generated by circulating the circulation channel 90 of the binary generator 22 using the pump 91, and power may be supplied to the consumer 100 via the power transmission line 34 and the power transmission line 35.

The binary generator 22 is configured to generate electricity by utilizing the temperature difference between the high temperature, high pressure heat medium flowing upstream of the expansion turbine 14 in the second flow path 12 and the low temperature, low pressure heat medium flowing in the third flow path 20. It is configured. The electric power generated by the binary generator 22 is supplied to the site heat and power supply and demand system 50 via the power transmission line 34. The heat medium flowing through the third flow path 20 absorbs heat on the low temperature side of the binary generator 22 and is heated. The medium-temperature, low-pressure heat medium that has done work in the binary generator 22 in the third flow path 20 is returned to the compressor 6, where it is compressed again to become a high-temperature, high-pressure heat medium.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an example of a schematic configuration of the binary generator 22. As shown in FIG. 2, the binary generator 22 includes a circulation flow path 90, a working medium circulation pump 91, an evaporator 92, an expansion turbine 94, a generator 96, and a condenser 98. A working medium (for example, normal pentane, isopentane, ammonia, or a fluorocarbon substitute), which is a heat medium having a standard boiling point lower than the standard boiling point of water, flows through the circulation channel 90 , and the working medium is passed through the working medium circulation pump 91 . The water is fed under pressure and circulated in one direction within the circulation channel 90. In the circulation flow path 90, a working medium circulation pump 91, an evaporator 92, an expansion turbine 94, and a condenser 98 are arranged in this order in the flow direction of the working medium. The evaporator 92 is configured to evaporate the working medium through heat exchange with the high-temperature, high-pressure heat medium flowing through the second flow path 12 . Further, the expansion turbine 94 is driven by the working medium evaporated in the evaporator 92, and drives a generator 96 connected to the expansion turbine 94. The condenser 98 is configured to cool and condense the working medium discharged from the expansion turbine 94 through heat exchange with the low-temperature, low-pressure heat medium flowing through the third flow path 20 . The working medium condensed in the condenser 98 is pumped by the working medium circulation pump 91 and supplied to the evaporator 92 again, and circulates through the circulation passage 90 .

In this way, the binary generator 22 exchanges heat between the working medium (working fluid) flowing through the circulation flow path 90 and the heat medium flowing through the second flow path 12 and the heat medium flowing through the third flow path 20. , a generator configured to generate electricity using changes in the state (evaporation and condensation) of a working medium. That is, in the binary generator 22, the working medium having a boiling point lower than that of the heat medium flowing through the second flow path 12 and the third flow path 20 is lower than the heat medium flowing through the second flow path 12 and the third flow path 20, respectively. This is a generator configured to generate electricity by exchanging heat with and changing its state.

The fourth flow path 24 is connected to the downstream side of the pressure-insulated high-temperature storage tank 10 and supplies a high-temperature, high-pressure heat medium from the pressure-insulated high-temperature storage tank 10 to the consumer unit 100 of the target site of the district combined heat and power system 2 (heat supply ). This heat may be stored as heat in the form of hot water or the like in a hot water storage tank provided in the consumer 100.

The fifth flow path 26 is configured to recover from the consumer 100 a medium-temperature, high-pressure heat medium that is supplied to the consumer 100 via the fourth channel 24 and whose temperature has been lowered by performing work on the consumer 100 side. It is configured. The fifth flow path 26 is connected to a position between the binary generator 22 and the expansion turbine 14 in the second flow path 12, and transfers the medium temperature and high pressure heat medium recovered from the consumer 100 to the second flow path 12. It is configured to supply a location between binary generator 22 and expansion turbine 14 .

The sixth flow path 28 is connected to the downstream side of the pressure-insulated low-temperature storage tank 18 and supplies the low-temperature, low-pressure heat medium that has exited the pressure-insulated low-temperature storage tank 18 from the pressure-insulated low-temperature storage tank 18 to the consumer 100 (cold heat supply). is configured to do so. In addition, when supplying a lower temperature heat medium, the sixth flow path 28 is connected to the downstream side of the expansion turbine 14, and the lower temperature heat medium after passing through the expansion turbine 14 is supplied to the consumer 100. It may be configured to do so.

The seventh channel 30 is configured to recover the low-temperature, low-pressure heat medium supplied to the consumer 100 via the sixth channel 28 from the consumer 100 . The seventh flow path 30 is connected to a position between the binary generator 22 and the compressor 6 in the third flow path 20, and transfers the low temperature and low pressure heat medium recovered from the consumer 100 to the third flow path 20. It is configured to be supplied to a position between the binary generator 22 and the compressor 6.

The site heat and power supply and demand system 50 transmits power for driving the electric motor 5 to the electric motor 5 via the power transmission line 32 as DC power. The site heat and power supply and demand system 50 receives electric power generated by a generator (not shown) connected to the expansion turbine 14 as DC power via a power transmission line 33, and receives electric power generated by a binary generator 22 via a power transmission line 34. to receive DC power.

The site heat and power supply and demand system 50 transfers the DC power received from the generator connected to the expansion turbine 14 via the power transmission line 33 and the DC power received from the binary generator 22 via the power transmission line 34 to the power transmission line 35. It is configured such that it can be supplied to the demand entity 100 of the target site via. The site heat and power supply and demand system 50 includes electric power generated on the consumer side of the target site (for example, solar power generation equipment installed at the target site, fuel cells, NAS batteries, lithium ion batteries installed in electric vehicles used at the target site). etc.) via the power transmission line 36 as DC power.

The site heat and power supply and demand system 50 is configured to be able to supply DC power to the integrated heat and power supply and demand system 52 via the power transmission line 37, and is configured to be able to receive DC power from the integrated heat and power supply and demand system 52 via the power transmission line 38. ing.

As shown in FIG. 3, the integrated heat and power supply and demand system 52 is configured to optimize the supply and demand of electric power and heat throughout the plurality of district combined heat and power systems 2. The central heat and power supply system 52 and the site heat and power supply system 50 are configured to be able to exchange DC power, and between the district combined heat and power system 2, it is possible to exchange DC power, high-temperature and high-pressure heat medium, and low-temperature and low-pressure heat medium. It is configured. In FIG. 3, a plurality of district cogeneration systems 2 are provided corresponding to a plurality of target sites, and a plurality of district cogeneration systems 2 and an integrated heat and power supply and demand system 52 are connected to a district cogeneration system group 4. Configure.

The temperature sensor 82 is provided in the pressure accumulation adiabatic high temperature storage tank 10 and is configured to be able to detect the temperature of the heat medium stored in the pressure accumulation adiabatic high temperature storage tank 10. The temperature sensor 84 is provided in the pressure accumulation adiabatic low temperature storage tank 18 and is configured to be able to detect the temperature of the heat medium stored in the pressure accumulation adiabatic low temperature storage tank 18 .

When the output of the temperature sensor 82 is below a threshold value, the motor control unit 86 drives the electric motor 5 to operate the compressor 6 to replenish the pressure accumulation insulation high temperature storage tank 10 with high temperature and high pressure heat medium. may be configured. Further, the pressure accumulating adiabatic high temperature storage tank 10 may be provided with a remaining amount sensor (capacity sensor) capable of detecting the remaining amount of the heat medium stored in the pressure accumulating heat insulating high temperature storage tank 10. In addition, when the remaining amount sensor is provided, the motor control unit 86 controls the electric motor 5 when the remaining amount of the heat medium in the pressure accumulation adiabatic high temperature storage tank 10 detected by the remaining amount sensor is below a threshold value. By driving and operating the compressor 6, the pressure accumulating adiabatic high temperature storage tank 10 may be replenished with a high temperature and high pressure heat medium.

Furthermore, when the output of the temperature sensor 84 is equal to or higher than the threshold value, the motor control unit 86 replenishes the high-temperature and high-pressure heat medium into the pressure accumulating adiabatic high-temperature storage tank 10 by driving the electric motor 5 and operating the compressor 6. At the same time, the high-temperature and high-pressure heat medium may be discharged from the pressure-accumulating heat-insulating high-temperature storage tank 10 to the second flow path 12, and the binary generator 22 may generate power. Further, the pressure accumulation adiabatic low temperature storage tank 18 may be provided with a remaining amount sensor (capacity sensor) capable of detecting the remaining amount of the heat medium stored in the pressure accumulation adiabatic low temperature storage tank 18 . In addition, when the remaining amount sensor is provided, the motor control unit 86 controls the electric motor 5 when the remaining amount of the heat medium in the pressure accumulation adiabatic low temperature storage tank 18 detected by the remaining amount sensor is below a threshold value. By driving the compressor 6 to operate the compressor 6, the pressure accumulating adiabatic high temperature storage tank 10 is replenished with high temperature and high pressure heat medium, and the high temperature and high pressure heat medium is discharged from the pressure accumulating adiabatic high temperature storage tank 10 to the second flow path 12, and the binary The generator 22 may also generate electricity.

At this time, instead of simply dissipating heat on the high-temperature side of the binary generator 22, the binary generator 22 is heated by supplying a low-temperature, low-pressure heat medium from the pressure-insulated low-temperature storage tank 18 to the binary generator 22 through the third flow path 20. After the working medium 22 is condensed, it is sent under pressure to the evaporator 92, and the binary generator 22 generates power to recover energy. The medium temperature and high pressure heat medium after being used for power generation on the high temperature side of the binary generator 22 in the second flow path 12 is supplied to the expansion turbine 14 to drive the expansion turbine 14 and is connected to the expansion turbine 14. A generator (not shown) is used. The heat medium that has passed through the expansion turbine 14 and has become low temperature and low pressure is replenished into the pressure accumulating and adiabatic low temperature storage tank 18 .

According to the configuration shown in FIG. 1, the compressor 6, the first flow path 8, the pressure accumulation insulation high temperature storage tank 10, the second flow path 12, the expansion turbine 14, the pressure storage insulation low temperature storage tank 18, the third flow path 20, and the binary power generation A heat pump cycle can be constructed by the heat medium circulation path 25 constituted by the heat exchanger 22. Heat pumps usually have a COP of more than 3 (=300%), and are extremely efficient, with efficiency improved by several hundred percent compared to hot water supply using combustion equipment, which has an efficiency of about 90%. Therefore, it is possible to efficiently generate a high-temperature, high-pressure heat medium and a low-temperature, low-pressure heat medium with less input energy.

In addition, electric power is stored as heat by storing the generated high-temperature, high-pressure heat medium and low-temperature, low-pressure heat medium in the pressure-accumulated adiabatic high-temperature storage tank 10 and the pressure-accumulated adiabatic low-temperature storage tank 18, respectively. Since power generation can be performed by supplying a high-temperature, high-pressure heat medium and a low-temperature, low-pressure heat medium from the pressure storage and insulation cryogenic storage tank 18 to the binary generator 22, the heat medium stored in the heat pump cycle and having different temperatures can be It is possible to provide a thermal storage battery 3 that is a novel type of battery that utilizes the power to generate electricity. In the configuration shown in FIG. 1, the compressor 6, the first flow path 8, the pressure storage adiabatic high temperature storage tank 10, the second flow path 12, the expansion turbine 14, the pressure storage adiabatic low temperature storage tank 18, the third flow path 20, and the binary generator 22. A thermal storage battery 3 is configured.

According to this thermal storage battery 3, for example, the configuration described in Patent Document 1 (a configuration in which an expansion turbine is driven by a high-temperature, high-pressure heat medium flowing through a heat pump cycle, and power is generated by a generator connected to the expansion turbine). In comparison, it is possible to generate electricity with a simple configuration using the heat medium in the heat pump cycle.

In addition, the heat medium generated by the heat pump cycle of the district combined heat and power system 2 has a temperature sufficient for general life (for example, around -30℃ to 60℃ Since it can be supplied to the consumer 100 at a temperature of 100%, it can be used as a heat supply source to the region.
Particularly in areas where infrastructure is concentrated, such as compact cities and smart cities, more efficient operation is possible without being constrained by the distance that heat travels.

It is possible to realize a distributed energy supply system in which relatively small-scale energy conversion equipment such as the compressor 6 and binary generator 22 are installed near energy consumption areas to supply energy, resulting in stable energy. There are also advantages in terms of supply and energy conservation.

Additionally, in general, there is a high demand for cooling and heating in the summer, and a high demand for heating in the winter. Some homes use a lot of heat, while others are absent during the day and use less heat. Fluctuations occur in the amount of heat demanded due to various factors such as the environment and lifestyle, but it is undesirable from an energy conservation perspective to release excess heat into the atmosphere as a result of these fluctuations. Electricity, like heat, fluctuates greatly depending on the consumer, but it can be leveled out by managing multiple consumers at the same time. The above-mentioned district combined heat and power system 2 stores surplus heat/electricity in a thermal state as a buffer against fluctuations in the demand for heat and electricity, the amount of power generated by renewable energy, etc., and uses the binary generator 22 as necessary. This makes it possible to extract electricity as electricity.

In addition, for example, in order to increase the storage capacity of NAS batteries and lithium-ion batteries, increasing the amount of lithium and sulfur tends to increase the cost, but in this thermal storage battery 3, the pressure-insulated high-temperature storage tank 10 and the pressure-insulated low-temperature storage tank 10 are By newly installing or expanding the storage tank 18, the power storage capacity can be easily increased.

Since most of the materials used in the binary generator 22 are metal, they may deteriorate due to oxidation in high-temperature environments or due to oxygen, water vapor, etc.; however, from the perspective of suppressing this oxidative deterioration, The medium is preferably a fluorocarbon alternative.

In addition, in the binary generator 22, even if either the thermal amount held by the heat medium stored in the pressure accumulating adiabatic high temperature storage tank 10 or the cold amount held by the heat medium stored in the pressure accumulating heat insulating low temperature storage tank 18 is insufficient, the binary generator 22 Power generation by the generator 22 cannot be performed efficiently.

In this regard, according to the district combined heat and power system 2 including the temperature sensor 82 and the motor controller 86, when the output of the temperature sensor 82 provided in the pressure accumulating adiabatic high temperature storage tank 10 is below the threshold value, the electric motor 5 operates the compressor. The binary generator 22 can efficiently generate electricity.

Further, according to the district combined heat and power system 2 including the temperature sensor 84 and the motor control unit 86, when the output of the temperature sensor 84 provided in the pressure accumulation adiabatic low temperature storage tank 18 is equal to or higher than a threshold value, the electric motor 5 operates the compressor 6. is driven to generate a high-temperature, high-pressure heat medium, which is cooled by the binary generator 22 and then expanded by the expansion turbine 14 to replenish the amount of cold energy held by the heat medium stored in the pressure-accumulated and adiabatic low-temperature storage tank 18 (pressure-accumulated and adiabatic (lowering the temperature of the heat medium stored in the low-temperature storage tank 18), the binary generator 22 can efficiently generate electricity.

(Machine learning device)
Some embodiments may further include a machine learning device 88 configured to learn trends in power and heat supply and demand at each of a plurality of target sites, as shown in FIG. 1 . In this case, the integrated heat and power supply and demand system 52 is based on the electricity and heat supply and demand trends at each of the plurality of target sites learned by the machine learning device 88 (hereinafter simply referred to as "learning results of the machine learning device 88"). The system is configured to optimize the supply and demand of electric power and heat in the entire plurality of combined heat and power generation systems 2. The machine learning device 88 is composed of a computer, and includes a CPU (processor) (not shown) and a storage device such as a memory such as ROM or RAM or an external storage device. Furthermore, mutual communication means (whether wired or wireless) necessary for exchanging data and command signals between the machine learning device 88, the integrated heat and power supply and demand system, and various equipment of the 100 consumers is included. In the example shown in FIG. 1, the machine learning device 88 is provided in the integrated heat and power supply and demand system 52, but the machine learning device 88 may be provided in each site heat and power supply and demand system 50, or it may be provided in other locations. It may be.

Based on the learning results of the machine learning device 88, the integrated heat and power supply and demand system 52 determines, for example, that among the plurality of target sites corresponding to the plurality of district combined heat and power generation systems 2, a site with particularly high demand for high temperature heat medium is equipped with a compressor. Heat supply and demand may be optimized by extracting the extremely high temperature heat medium immediately after compression in step 6 from the first flow path 8 and actively supplying it. In addition, based on the learning results of the machine learning device 88, the integrated heat and power supply and demand system 52 also determines, for example, a site where there is a particularly high demand for low-temperature heat medium among the plurality of target sites corresponding to the plurality of district combined heat and power generation systems 2 (for example, In areas where there are many factories, etc.), the supply and demand of heat is optimized so that the extremely low temperature heat medium immediately after expansion in the expansion turbine 14 is extracted from the downstream side of the expansion turbine 14 in the second flow path and actively supplied. You may do so. Also, based on the learning results of the machine learning device 88, the integrated heat and power supply and demand system 52 selects, for example, a site that does not require a very high or low temperature heat medium among the plurality of target sites corresponding to the plurality of district combined heat and power generation systems 2. may perform heat supply and demand optimization to supply the heat medium (return heat medium) after work is done at each site.

Based on the learning results of the machine learning device 88, the integrated heat and power supply and demand system 52, for example, at each of the plurality of target sites corresponding to the plurality of district combined heat and power generation systems 2, adjusts the timing according to the depopulation or overcrowding of the population within the site. , the amount of power generated by the binary generator 22, the amount of power generated by a generator (not shown) connected to the expansion turbine 14, the drive of the electric motor 5, the amount of heat stored in each of the pressure storage adiabatic high temperature storage tank 10 and the pressure storage adiabatic low temperature storage tank 18, and the amount of heat storage. The timing may be controlled to avoid undersupply or oversupply of power and heat. In addition, the integrated heat and power supply and demand system 52 also controls, for example, at each of a plurality of target sites corresponding to a plurality of district combined heat and power systems 2, fluctuations in demand for electricity and heat due to lifestyles such as the age structure and employment status of people within the site. Based on the learning results of the machine learning device 88 regarding energy consumption (for example, energy usage time and usage amount at home), the amount of power generated by the binary generator 22, the amount of power generated by a generator (not shown) connected to the expansion turbine 14, and the amount of electricity The driving of the motor 5, the amount of heat stored in the pressure accumulating heat insulating high temperature storage tank 10 and the pressure accumulating heat insulating low temperature storage tank 18, and the timing of heat storage may be controlled to avoid insufficient or excessive supply of electric power and heat.

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing a schematic configuration of a district combined heat and power system 2 (2B) according to an embodiment. In the district combined heat and power system 2 (2B) shown in FIG. 4, the same reference numerals as those in the district combined heat and power system 2 (2A) shown in FIG. 2A), and the description thereof will be omitted.

The district combined heat and power system 2 (2B) shown in FIG. It differs from the district combined heat and power system 2 (2A) shown in FIG. 1 in that it is provided.

The first branch flow path 60 branches from between the binary generator 22 and the expansion turbine 14 in the second flow path 12, and transfers the heat medium supplied from the second flow path 12 to the first branch of the geothermal heat exchange device 62. It is configured to flow into the first heat exchange section 70 or the second heat exchange section 72.

The first heat exchange section 70 is connected to the first branch flow path 60 and heats the high temperature and high pressure heat medium supplied from the first branch flow path 60 by heat exchange with underground heat as unused energy. It is composed of Note that the first heat exchange section 70 may be configured to heat the heat medium by heat exchange with unused energy such as factory exhaust heat or garbage incinerator exhaust heat instead of underground heat. .

The first return flow path 64 is connected to the first heat exchange section 70 and transfers the high-temperature and high-pressure heat medium that has passed through the first heat exchange section 70 to the pressure-accumulated and insulated high-temperature storage tank 10 and the binary generator 22 in the second flow path 12 . It is configured to be supplied between

In this way, in the district combined heat and power system 2 (2B), the circulation flow path 74 (see FIG. It is possible to configure a circulation flow path consisting of the upper thick line portion of the two thick line portions of No. 5 and the first heat exchange section 70.

The second branch flow path 66 branches from between the binary generator 22 and the compressor 6 in the third flow path 20, and transfers the low temperature and low pressure heat medium supplied from the third flow path 20 to the underground heat exchanger. 62 of the first heat exchange section 70 or the second heat exchange section 72.

The second heat exchange section 72 is connected to the second branch flow path 66 and cools the low-temperature, low-pressure heat medium supplied from the second branch flow path 66 by heat exchange with underground heat as unused energy. It is composed of Note that the second heat exchange section 72 may be configured to cool the heat medium by exchanging heat with unused energy such as river, seawater, sewage, or heat from snow and ice, instead of using geothermal heat.

The second return flow path 68 is connected to the second heat exchange section 72 and transfers the low-temperature, low-pressure heat medium that has passed through the second heat exchange section 72 to the pressure-accumulated adiabatic low-temperature storage tank 18 and the binary generator 22 in the third flow path 20 . It is configured to be supplied between

In this way, in the district combined heat and power system 2 (2B), the circulation flow path 76 (see FIG. It is possible to configure a circulation flow path consisting of the lower thick line portion of the two thick line portions of No. 5 and the second heat exchange portion 72.

In the binary generator 22, even if either the thermal amount held by the heat medium flowing through the second flow path 12 or the cold amount held by the heat medium flowing through the third flow path 20 is insufficient, the power generation by the binary generator 22 is stopped. cannot be done efficiently. In this regard, according to the heat storage battery of the district combined heat and power system 2 (2B), the heat medium flowing between the binary generator 22 and the expansion turbine 14 in the second flow path 12 is routed through the first branch flow path 60. is supplied to the first heat exchange section 70 , heated by heat exchange with underground heat in the first heat exchange section 70 , and then transferred to the first return flow path 64 where it is connected to the pressure accumulating heat insulated high temperature storage tank 10 in the second flow path 12 . It can be supplied between the power generator 22 and the generator 22. Therefore, when the amount of heat held by the heat medium flowing through the second flow path 12 is insufficient compared to the amount of cold heat held by the heat medium flowing through the third flow path 20 (in the case of a shortage of heat medium), The thermal energy of the heat medium flowing through the two flow paths 12 can be supplemented using underground heat, and the binary generator 22 can efficiently generate electricity.

Further, the heat medium flowing through the third flow path 20 is supplied to the second heat exchange section 72 via the second branch flow path 66, and is cooled by heat exchange with geothermal heat in the second heat exchange section 72. The second return flow path 68 can be supplied between the pressure accumulating adiabatic cryogenic storage tank 18 and the binary generator 22 in the third flow path 20 . Therefore, when the amount of cold heat held by the heat medium flowing through the third flow path 20 is insufficient compared to the amount of heat held by the heat medium flowing through the second flow path 12 (in the case of a refrigerant shortage), the amount of cold heat held by the heat medium flowing through the third flow path 20 is The amount of cold heat of the heat medium flowing through the flow path 20 can be supplemented using unused energy, and the binary generator 22 can efficiently generate electricity.

In addition, in the structure shown in FIG.4 and FIG.5, the compressor 6, the 1st flow path 8, the pressure accumulation insulation high temperature storage tank 10, the 2nd flow path 12, the expansion turbine 14, the pressure accumulation insulation low temperature storage tank 18, the 3rd flow path 20, and The binary generator 22, the first branch flow path 60, the first heat exchange section 70, the first return flow path 64, the second branch flow path 66, the second heat exchange section 72, and the second return flow path 68 are thermal storage batteries. 3.

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing a schematic configuration of a district combined heat and power system 2 (2C) according to an embodiment. In the district combined heat and power system 2 (2C) shown in FIG. The configurations shown here are similar to those of the system 2 (2A) and the district combined heat and power system 2 (2B), and the description thereof will be omitted.

The district combined heat and power system 2 (2C) shown in FIG. 6 differs from the district combined heat and power system 2 (2B) shown in FIG. 4 in that it includes temperature adjustment channels 78 and 80. Basically, the temperature adjustment flow path 78 is connected to the second heat exchange section 72, and the temperature adjustment flow path 80 is connected to the first heat exchange section 70, respectively. However, in order to operate the system efficiently, a switching valve or the like may be installed to connect the temperature adjustment flow path 78 to the first heat exchange section 70 and the temperature adjustment flow path 80 to the second heat exchange section 72. . However, each flow path is switched so that the heat medium supplied from the first branch flow path 60 and the heat medium supplied from the second branch flow path 66 do not mix within the underground heat exchange device 62. When the first branch flow path 60 becomes a flow path on the inlet side of the heat medium to the first heat exchange section 70, the temperature adjustment flow path 78 becomes a flow path on the exit side of the heat medium with respect to the first heat exchange section 70, and When the two-branch flow path 66 becomes a flow path on the inlet side of the heat medium to the second heat exchange section 72, the temperature adjustment flow path 80 becomes a flow path on the exit side of the heat medium with respect to the second heat exchange section 72. When the first branch flow path 60 becomes a flow path on the inlet side of the heat medium to the second heat exchange section 72, the temperature adjustment flow path 78 becomes a flow path on the exit side of the heat medium with respect to the second heat exchange section 72, and When the bifurcated flow path 66 becomes a flow path on the inlet side of the heat medium to the first heat exchange section 70 , the temperature adjustment flow path 80 becomes a flow path on the exit side of the heat medium with respect to the first heat exchange section 70 .

The temperature adjustment flow path 78 is used when it is necessary to adjust the temperature of the high temperature and high pressure heat medium flowing through the second flow path 12. Specifically, it is used when the temperature of the binary generator 22 does not drop sufficiently.
The temperature adjustment flow path 80 is used when it is necessary to adjust the temperature of the low temperature and high pressure heat medium flowing through the third flow path 20. Specifically, it is used when the binary generator 22 does not raise the temperature sufficiently.

In addition, in the configuration shown in FIG. 6, the compressor 6, the first flow path 8, the pressure accumulation insulation high temperature storage tank 10, the second flow path 12, the expansion turbine 14, the pressure accumulation insulation low temperature storage tank 18, the third flow path 20, and the binary generator. 22, first branch flow path 60, first heat exchange section 70, first return flow path 64, second branch flow path 66, second heat exchange section 72 and second return flow path 68, and temperature adjustment flow path 78, 80 constitutes the thermal storage battery 3.

The present disclosure is not limited to the embodiments described above, and also includes forms in which modifications are added to the embodiments described above, and forms in which these forms are appropriately combined.

For example, in each of the district combined heat and power systems 2 (2A to 2C) described above, another expansion device such as an expansion valve (an evaporator such as a pressure reducing valve) may be provided in place of the expansion turbine 14.

Furthermore, in the embodiment described above, a case has been exemplified in which the power generated by the binary generator 22 and the power generated by the generator connected to the expansion turbine 14 are supplied to the consumer 100 at the target site. The electric power generated by the generator 22 and the electric power generated by the generator connected to the expansion turbine 14 may be used, for example, to drive the electric motor 5, or they can be sold to the electric power company via the integrated heat and power supply and demand system 52. Good too.

In addition, for example, in each of the above-mentioned district combined heat and power systems 2 (2A to 2C), a buffer for storing a heat medium in each flow path such as the first flow path 8, the second flow path 12, the third flow path 20, etc. Tanks may be installed as required. Further, the buffer tank may be provided with a remaining amount sensor (capacity sensor) for detecting the remaining amount of heat medium in the buffer tank.

Moreover, although the power transmission lines 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, and 38 were provided in some embodiments mentioned above, each power transmission line is not an essential structure for the district combined heat and power system 2. For example, hydrogen may be produced by electrolyzing water using the electric power generated by the binary generator 22, and the hydrogen may be transported to the consumer 100 and generated by a fuel cell on the consumer 100 side.

Further, for example, in each of the above-mentioned district heat and power cogeneration systems 2 (2A to 2C), the pressure accumulation adiabatic cryogenic storage tank 18 was provided downstream of the expansion turbine 14 in the second flow path 12, but the pressure accumulation adiabatic cryogenic storage tank 18 may be provided upstream of the expansion turbine 14 in the second flow path 12 . In this case, in each of the above-mentioned district combined heat and power systems 2 (2A to 2C), the position of the expansion turbine 14 and the position of the pressure accumulating adiabatic low-temperature storage tank 18 may be replaced (for example, see FIG. 7). As a result, the liquid heat medium before being vaporized in the expansion turbine 14 can be stored in the pressure-accumulating and adiabatic low-temperature storage tank 18 . For this reason, compared to the case where the gaseous heat medium after being vaporized by the expansion turbine 14 is stored in the pressure accumulating heat insulating low temperature storage tank 18, the pressure accumulating heat insulating low temperature storage tank 18 can be made smaller.

Further, in some embodiments, each of the above-described combined heat and power generation systems 2 (2A to 2C) may include a plurality of the above-described binary generators 22, as shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, for example. The configuration of each of the binary generators 22 is the same as the configuration explained using FIG. 2, and the explanation is omitted and the diagram is simplified.

In the example shown in FIG. 8, the combined heat and power system 2 includes a plurality of binary generators 22a to 22c, including an evaporator 92a of the binary generator 22a, an evaporator 92b of the binary generator 22b, and a binary generator 22c. The evaporators 92c are arranged in series in the second flow path 12 along the flow direction of the second flow path 12. In the flow direction of the second flow path 12, the evaporator 92b is located downstream of the evaporator 92a, and the evaporator 92c is located downstream of the evaporator 92b.

In the example shown in FIG. 8, the second flow path 12 includes a heat exchange flow path 102 connecting the pressure accumulation adiabatic high temperature storage tank 10 and the expansion turbine 14, a first bypass flow path 104, a second bypass flow path 106, and a third bypass flow path 104. A bypass flow path 108 is included.

The evaporator 92a, the evaporator 92b, and the evaporator 92c are arranged in series in the heat exchange flow path 102 along the flow direction of the heat exchange flow path 102. In the flow direction of the heat exchange flow path 102, the evaporator 92b is located downstream of the evaporator 92a, and the evaporator 92c is located downstream of the evaporator 92b.

The first bypass flow path 104 connects a position P1 on the upstream side of the evaporator 92a and a position P2 on the downstream side of the evaporator 92c in the heat exchange flow path 102. The heat medium passing through the first bypass passage 104 is supplied to the expansion turbine 14, bypassing all of the evaporators 92a, 92b, and 92c.

The second bypass flow path 106 connects a position P3 on the upstream side of the evaporator 92b and a position P4 on the downstream side of the evaporator 92c in the heat exchange flow path 102. The heat medium passing through the second bypass passage 106 is supplied to the expansion turbine 14, bypassing the evaporator 92b and the evaporator 92c.

The third bypass flow path 108 connects a position P5 on the upstream side of the evaporator 92c and a position P6 on the downstream side of the evaporator 92c in the heat exchange flow path 102. The heat medium passing through the third bypass passage 108 is supplied to the expansion turbine 14, bypassing the evaporator 92c.

A valve 110 is provided in the first bypass channel 104 . A valve 112 is provided between the connection position P1 with the first bypass flow path 104 in the heat exchange flow path 102 and the evaporator 92a. A valve 114 is provided between the connection position P3 with the second bypass flow path 106 in the heat exchange flow path 102 and the evaporator 92b. A valve 116 is provided between the connection position P5 with the third bypass flow path 108 in the heat exchange flow path 102 and the evaporator 92c. Each of the valves 110, 112, 114, and 116 may be, for example, a flow rate regulating valve or the like, or may be an on/off valve. The valves 110, 112, 114, and 116 function as an adjusting means 118 that can adjust the number of evaporators 92 that exchange heat with the working medium flowing through the circulation passage 90 among the plurality of evaporators 92a to 92c.

Further, the condenser 98a of the binary generator 22a, the condenser 98b of the binary generator 22b, and the condenser 98c of the binary generator 22c are connected to the third flow path 20 along the flow direction of the third flow path 20. They are lined up in series. In the flow direction of the third flow path 20, the condenser 98b is located downstream of the condenser 98c, and the condenser 98a is located downstream of the condenser 98b.

According to the configuration shown in FIG. 8, the evaporators 92a to 92c of the plurality of binary generators 22a to 22c are arranged in series in the second flow path 12, and one of the plurality of evaporators 92a to 92c performs heat exchange. Adjustment means 118 are provided by which the number of evaporators can be adjusted. Therefore, even if the flow rate of the heat medium flowing through the second flow path 12 is constant, the total amount of heat absorbed by the plurality of evaporators 92a to 92c can be adjusted by the adjusting means 118. Further, by adjusting the total amount of heat absorbed by the plurality of evaporators 92a to 92c using the adjusting means 118, the temperature of the heat medium in the pressure accumulating adiabatic low temperature storage tank 18 can be adjusted. Further, even if any of the plurality of binary generators 22a to 22c fails, operation can be continued while performing maintenance on the target of the failure.

In the example shown in FIG. 9, the combined heat and power system 2 includes a plurality of binary generators 22a to 22c, including an evaporator 92a of the binary generator 22a, an evaporator 92b of the binary generator 22b, and a binary generator 22c. The evaporator 92c is arranged in parallel with the second flow path 12.

In the example shown in FIG. 9, the second flow path 12 includes a plurality of heat exchange flow paths 120a, 120b, 120c and a bypass flow path 122, and each of the plurality of heat exchange flow paths 120a, 120b, 120c It is connected in parallel with the bypass flow path 122. The evaporator 92a is provided in the heat exchange channel 120a, the evaporator 92b is provided in the heat exchange channel 120b, and the evaporator 92c is provided in the heat exchange channel 120c. The heat medium flowing through the bypass passage 122 is supplied to the expansion turbine 14, bypassing all of the evaporators 92a to 92c.

A valve 124 is provided in the bypass channel 122, a valve 126 is provided in the heat exchange channel 120a, and a valve 128 is provided upstream of the evaporator 92b in the heat exchange channel 120b. A valve 130 is provided upstream of the evaporator 92c in the flow path 120c. Each of the valves 124, 126, 128, and 130 may be, for example, a flow rate adjustment valve or the like, or may be an on/off valve. The valves 124, 126, 128, and 130 function as an adjusting means 133 that can adjust the number of evaporators 92 that exchange heat with the working medium flowing through the circulation passage 90 among the plurality of evaporators 92a to 92c.

Further, the condenser 98a of the binary generator 22a, the condenser 98b of the binary generator 22b, and the condenser 98c of the binary generator 22c are arranged in parallel in the third flow path 12.

In the example shown in FIG. 9, the third flow path 20 includes a plurality of heat exchange flow paths 132a, 132b, 132c and a bypass flow path 134, and each of the plurality of heat exchange flow paths 132a, 132b, 132c It is connected in parallel with the bypass channel 134. The condenser 98a is provided in the heat exchange channel 132a, the condenser 98b is provided in the heat exchange channel 132b, and the condenser 98c is provided in the heat exchange channel 132c. The heat medium flowing through the bypass passage 134 is supplied to the compressor 6, bypassing all of the condensers 98a to 98c.

A valve 138 is provided upstream of the condenser 98a in the heat exchange flow path 132a, and a valve 140 is provided upstream of the condenser 98b in the heat exchange flow path 132b. A valve 142 is provided upstream of the vessel 98c. Each of the valves 138, 140, and 142 may be, for example, a flow rate regulating valve or the like, or may be an on/off valve. The valves 138, 140, and 142 function as adjustment means 144 that can adjust the number of condensers 98 that exchange heat with the working medium flowing through the circulation flow path 90 among the plurality of condensers 98a to 98c.

According to the configuration shown in FIG. 9, the evaporators 92a to 92c of the plurality of binary generators 22a to 22c are arranged in parallel in the second flow path 12, and one of the plurality of evaporators 92a to 92c performs heat exchange. Adjustment means 133 are provided by which the number of evaporators can be adjusted. Therefore, by adjusting the flow rate of the heat medium flowing through the second flow path 12, the total amount of heat absorbed by the plurality of evaporators 92a to 92c can be adjusted. Further, by adjusting the total amount of heat absorbed by the plurality of evaporators 92a to 92c using the adjusting means 118, the total amount of power generation of the plurality of binary generators 22a to 22c can be changed. Furthermore, if the number of evaporators 92 performing heat exchange among the plurality of evaporators 92a to 92c is one or more, the temperature of the heat medium supplied to the expansion turbine 14 basically remains unchanged. Further, even if any of the plurality of binary generators 22a to 22c fails, operation can be continued while performing maintenance on the target of the failure.

The contents described in each of the above embodiments can be understood as follows, for example.

(1) A thermal storage battery according to an embodiment of the present disclosure (for example, the above-mentioned thermal storage battery 3),
A compressor for compressing the heat medium (for example, the above-mentioned compressor 6),
a first flow path (for example, the above-mentioned first flow path 8) connected to the compressor and through which the heat medium compressed by the compressor flows;
a pressure-accumulating insulated high-temperature storage tank (for example, the above-mentioned pressure-accumulating insulated high-temperature storage tank 10) connected to the first flow path and for storing the heat medium supplied from the first flow path;
a second flow path (for example, the above-mentioned second flow path 12) connected to the pressure accumulation adiabatic high temperature storage tank and for flowing the heat medium that has exited the pressure accumulation adiabatic high temperature storage tank;
an expansion device (for example, the above-mentioned expansion turbine 14) provided in the second flow path and configured to reduce the pressure of the heat medium flowing through the second flow path;
a pressure-accumulated adiabatic low-temperature storage tank (for example, the above-mentioned pressure-accumulated adiabatic low-temperature storage tank 18) provided upstream or downstream of the expansion device in the second flow path and for storing the heat medium in the second flow path;
A third flow path (for example, the above-mentioned 3 channels 20),
A binary power generator configured to generate electricity by using the heat of the heat medium flowing upstream of the expansion device in the second flow path and the heat medium flowing through the third flow path (for example, the binary power generator described above). Machine 22) and
Equipped with

According to the thermal storage battery described in (1) above, the heat medium compressed by the compressor to a high temperature and high pressure state is sent to the pressure accumulating heat insulating high temperature storage tank through the first flow path and stored therein.
The high-temperature, high-pressure heat medium that has exited the pressure-accumulated and adiabatic high-temperature storage tank is supplied to the binary generator through the second flow path, where the heat is radiated by the binary generator, and the heat medium is supplied to the expansion device. The heat medium supplied to the expansion device is depressurized by the expansion device and becomes a low-temperature, low-pressure heat medium. The low-temperature, low-pressure heat medium that has passed through each of the expansion device and the pressure storage adiabatic low-temperature storage tank is supplied to the binary generator via the third flow path, supplies cold heat to the binary generator, and is then returned to the compressor.
In this way, a heat pump cycle is constructed by the heat medium circulation flow path provided with the compressor, the first flow path, the pressure accumulation adiabatic high temperature storage tank, the expansion device, the pressure accumulation insulation low temperature storage tank, the third flow path, and the binary generator. Therefore, it is possible to efficiently generate a high-temperature, high-pressure heat medium and a low-temperature, low-pressure heat medium with less input energy.
In addition, electric power is accumulated by storing the generated high-temperature, high-pressure heat medium and low-temperature, low-pressure heat medium in a pressure-insulated high-temperature storage tank and a pressure-insulated low-temperature storage tank, respectively. It is possible to generate electricity by supplying a high-temperature, high-pressure heat medium and a low-temperature, low-pressure heat medium to a binary generator from a storage tank, so this is a new method for generating electricity by using heat mediums with different temperatures stored in a heat pump cycle. It is possible to provide a thermal storage battery that is a battery.
According to this thermal storage battery, compared with, for example, the configuration described in Patent Document 1 (a configuration in which an expansion turbine is driven by a high-temperature, high-pressure heat medium flowing through a heat pump cycle, and power is generated by a generator connected to the expansion turbine). Thus, power generation can be performed with a simple configuration using the heat medium in the heat pump cycle.

(2) In some embodiments, in the thermal storage battery described in (1) above,
A first branch flow path (for example, the first branch flow described above) that branches from between the binary generator and the expansion device in the second flow path and flows the heat medium supplied from the second flow path. 60) and
A first heat exchange section connected to the first branch channel and configured to heat the heat medium supplied from the first branch channel by heat exchange with unused energy (for example, the first heat exchange section described above). a heat exchange section 70);
connected to the first heat exchange section, and configured to supply the heat medium that has passed through the first heat exchange section between the pressure accumulation adiabatic high temperature storage tank and the binary generator in the second flow path. a first return flow path (e.g., the first return flow path 64 described above);
It further includes:

In a binary generator, even if the amount of heat held by the heat medium flowing through the second flow path or the amount of cold heat held by the heat medium flowing through the third flow path is insufficient, the binary generator can efficiently generate power. I can't. In this regard, according to the thermal storage battery described in (2) above, the heat medium flowing through the second flow path is supplied to the first heat exchange section via the first branch flow path, and the heat medium flowing through the second flow path is supplied to the first heat exchange section, and the heat medium flowing through the second flow path is After being heated by heat exchange with the utilized energy, it can be supplied in the first return flow path between the pressure accumulating adiabatic high temperature storage tank and the binary generator in the second flow path. Therefore, when the amount of heat held by the heat medium flowing through the second flow path is insufficient compared to the amount of cold heat held by the heat medium flowing through the third flow path (in the case of a shortage of hot medium), the amount of heat held by the heat medium flowing through the second flow path is By using unused energy to replenish the thermal energy of the heat medium flowing through the path, it is possible to efficiently generate electricity using a binary generator.

(3) In some embodiments, in the thermal storage battery described in (1) or (2) above,
A second branch flow path that branches from between the binary generator and the compressor in the third flow path and allows the heat medium supplied from the third flow path to flow (for example, the second branch flow described above). 66) and
A second heat exchange section connected to the second branch flow path and configured to cool the heat medium supplied from the second branch flow path by heat exchange with unused energy (for example, the second a heat exchange part 72);
connected to the second heat exchange section, and configured to supply the heat medium that has passed through the second heat exchange section between the pressure accumulation adiabatic low temperature storage tank and the binary generator in the third flow path. a second return flow path (e.g., the second return flow path 68 described above);
It further includes:

In a binary generator, even if the amount of heat held by the heat medium flowing through the second flow path or the amount of cold heat held by the heat medium flowing through the third flow path is insufficient, the binary generator can efficiently generate power. I can't. In this regard, according to the thermal storage battery described in (3) above, the heat medium flowing through the third flow path is supplied to the second heat exchange section via the second branch flow path, and the heat medium flowing through the third flow path is supplied to the second heat exchange section, and the heat medium flowing through the third flow path is supplied to the second heat exchange section. After being cooled by heat exchange with the utilized energy, it can be supplied in the second return flow path between the pressure accumulating adiabatic cryogenic storage tank and the binary generator in the third flow path. Therefore, when the amount of cold heat held by the heat medium flowing through the third flow path is insufficient compared to the amount of heat held by the heat medium flowing through the second flow path (in the case of a refrigerant shortage), the amount of cold heat held by the heat medium flowing through the third flow path is By using unused energy, etc., to replenish the amount of cold heat in the heat medium flowing through the system, it is possible to efficiently generate electricity using a binary generator.

(4) The combined heat and power generation system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure includes:
The thermal storage battery according to any one of (1) to (3) above,
A fourth flow path (for example, the fourth flow path described above) connected to the pressure accumulation adiabatic high temperature storage tank and configured to supply the heat medium from the pressure accumulation adiabatic high temperature storage tank to the demand entity (for example, the above demand entity 100) of the target site. flow path 24);
Equipped with

According to the combined heat and power generation system described in (4) above, it is possible to satisfy the heating demand (for example, heating demand or hot water demand) of the consumer using the heat medium stored in the pressure-insulated high-temperature storage tank using the heat storage battery. .

(5) In some embodiments, in the combined heat and power system described in (4) above,
Further comprising a fifth flow path (for example, the above-mentioned fifth flow path 26) for recovering the heat medium supplied to the consumer through the fourth flow path from the consumer,
The fifth flow path is configured to supply the heat medium recovered from the consumer to a position between the binary generator and the expansion device in the second flow path.

According to the combined heat and power system described in (5) above, the first flow path, the pressure accumulation insulation high temperature storage tank, the fourth flow path, the fifth flow path, the expansion device, the pressure storage insulation low temperature storage tank, and the third flow path are provided. Since a heat pump cycle can be constructed using the heat medium circulation flow path, a high temperature and high pressure heat medium can be efficiently supplied to consumers with a small amount of input energy.

(6) In some embodiments, in the combined heat and power system described in (4) or (5) above,
further comprising a sixth flow path (for example, the above-mentioned sixth flow path 28) connected to the pressure accumulation and insulated cryogenic storage tank,
The sixth flow path is configured to supply the heat medium from the pressure accumulation adiabatic low temperature storage tank to the consumer at the target site.

According to the combined heat and power system described in (6) above, the cooling demand (for example, the cooling demand) of the consumer can be satisfied using the heat medium stored in the pressure-accumulated and insulated low-temperature storage tank using the heat storage battery.

(7) In some embodiments, in the combined heat and power generation system described in (6) above,
Further comprising a seventh flow path (for example, the seventh flow path 30 described above) for recovering the heat medium supplied to the consumer through the sixth flow path,
The seventh flow path is configured to supply the heat medium recovered from the consumer to a position between the binary generator and the compressor in the third flow path.

According to the combined heat and power system described in (7) above, the first flow path, the pressure accumulation insulated high temperature storage tank, the second flow path, the expansion device, the pressure accumulation insulated low temperature storage tank, the sixth flow path, and the seventh flow path are provided. Since a heat pump cycle can be constructed using the heat medium circulation flow path, a low-temperature, low-pressure heat medium can be efficiently supplied to consumers with a small amount of input energy.

(8) In some embodiments, in the combined heat and power system described in (1) above,
The pressure accumulation adiabatic low temperature storage tank is provided upstream of the expansion device in the second flow path.

According to the combined heat and power system described in (8) above, the liquid heat medium before being vaporized in the expansion device can be stored in the pressure-accumulated and insulated low-temperature storage tank. For this reason, compared to the case where the gaseous heat medium after being vaporized in the expansion device is stored in the pressure-accumulating adiabatic low-temperature storage tank, the pressure-accumulating adiabatic low-temperature storage tank can be made smaller.

(9) In some embodiments, in the combined heat and power system according to any one of (1) to (8) above,
an electric motor (e.g. electric motor 5 described above) that drives the compressor;
a remaining amount sensor (for example, the above-mentioned remaining amount sensor) for detecting the remaining amount of the heat medium in the pressure-accumulated and insulated high-temperature storage tank;
a motor control section (for example, the above-mentioned motor control section 86) that controls the electric motor;
Equipped with
The motor control unit is configured to drive the electric motor when the remaining amount of the heat medium in the pressure accumulating heat insulating high temperature storage tank detected by the remaining amount sensor is less than or equal to a threshold value.

In a binary generator, even if there is a shortage of either the amount of heat held by the heat medium stored in the pressure storage adiabatic high temperature storage tank or the amount of cold heat held by the heat medium stored in the pressure storage adiabatic low temperature storage tank, the binary generator will not be able to generate electricity. cannot be done efficiently. In this regard, according to the thermal storage battery described in (9) above, when the remaining amount of the heat medium in the pressure storage adiabatic high temperature storage tank detected by the remaining amount sensor is below the threshold value, the electric motor drives the compressor to accumulate pressure. Since the amount of heat held by the heat medium stored in the adiabatic high-temperature storage tank can be replenished, the binary generator can efficiently generate electricity.

(10) In some embodiments, in the combined heat and power system according to any one of (1) to (9) above,
an electric motor (e.g. electric motor 5 described above) that drives the compressor;
a remaining amount sensor (for example, the above-mentioned remaining amount sensor) for detecting the remaining amount of the heat medium in the pressure accumulation insulated low-temperature storage tank;
a motor control section (for example, the above-mentioned motor control section 86) that controls the electric motor;
Equipped with
The motor control unit is configured to drive the electric motor when the remaining amount of the heat medium in the pressure accumulation adiabatic low temperature storage tank detected by the remaining amount sensor is below a threshold value.

In a binary generator, even if there is a shortage of either the amount of heat held by the heat medium stored in the pressure storage adiabatic high temperature storage tank or the amount of cold heat held by the heat medium stored in the pressure storage adiabatic low temperature storage tank, the binary generator will not be able to generate electricity. cannot be done efficiently. In this regard, according to the thermal storage battery described in (10) above, when the remaining amount of the heat medium in the pressure storage adiabatic low temperature storage tank detected by the remaining amount sensor is below the threshold value, the electric motor drives the compressor to accumulate pressure. Since the amount of cold energy held by the heat medium stored in the adiabatic low-temperature storage tank can be replenished, the binary generator can efficiently generate electricity.

(11) In some embodiments, in the combined heat and power system according to any one of (1) to (10) above,
The binary generator includes a circulation passage (for example, the above-mentioned circulation passage 90) through which a working medium circulates, an evaporator (for example, the above-mentioned evaporator 92) provided in each of the circulation passages, and an expansion turbine (for example, the above-mentioned circulation passage). expansion turbine 94), a generator (e.g. generator 96 described above) and a condenser (e.g. condenser 98 described above);
The evaporator is configured to evaporate the working medium by heat exchange with the heat medium flowing through the second flow path,
The condenser is configured to condense the working medium through heat exchange with the heat medium flowing through the third flow path.

According to the combined heat and power system described in (11) above, it is possible to efficiently generate electricity using the binary generator using the temperature difference between the heat medium flowing in the second flow path and the heat medium flowing in the third flow path. can.

(12) In some embodiments, in the combined heat and power system according to any one of (1) to (11) above,
A plurality of binary generators are provided (for example, the plurality of binary generators 22a to 22c described above),
Each of the binary generators includes a circulation passage (for example, the above-mentioned circulation passage 90) through which a working medium circulates, an evaporator (for example, the above-mentioned evaporator 92), and an expansion turbine (for example, the above-mentioned evaporator 92) provided in each of the circulation passages. (e.g., the expansion turbine 94 described above), a generator (e.g., the generator 96 described above), and a condenser (e.g., the condenser 98 described above);
The evaporators of the plurality of binary generators are arranged in series in the second flow path.

According to the combined heat and power system described in (12) above, even if the flow rate of the heat medium flowing through the second flow path is constant, by adjusting the total amount of heat absorbed by the evaporators of the plurality of binary generators, , it is possible to adjust the temperature of the heat medium in the pressure-accumulated adiabatic low-temperature storage tank. Further, even if any of the plurality of binary generators fails, operation can be continued while maintenance is performed on the target of the failure.

(13) In some embodiments, in the combined heat and power system according to any one of (1) to (11) above,
A plurality of binary generators are provided (for example, the plurality of binary generators 22a to 22c described above),
Each of the binary generators includes a circulation passage (for example, the above-mentioned circulation passage 90) through which a working medium circulates, an evaporator (for example, the above-mentioned evaporator 92), and an expansion turbine (for example, the above-mentioned evaporator 92) provided in each of the circulation passages. (e.g., the expansion turbine 94 described above), a generator (e.g., the generator 96 described above), and a condenser (e.g., the condenser 98 described above);
The evaporators of the plurality of binary generators are arranged in parallel in the second flow path.

According to the combined heat and power system described in (13) above, the total amount of power generated by the plurality of binary generators can be changed by adjusting the flow rate of the heat medium flowing through the second flow path. Moreover, if the number of evaporators that perform heat exchange among the plurality of evaporators is one or more, the temperature of the heat medium supplied to the expansion turbine basically does not change. Further, even if any of the plurality of binary generators fails, operation can be continued while maintenance is performed on the target of the failure.

(14) In some embodiments, in the combined heat and power system described in (12) or (13) above,
The apparatus further includes an adjusting means (for example, the above-mentioned adjusting means 118, 133, 144) capable of adjusting the number of the evaporators that perform heat exchange among the evaporators of the plurality of binary generators.

According to the combined heat and power system described in (14) above, by adjusting the total amount of heat absorbed by the plurality of evaporators using the adjustment means, the total amount of power generated by the plurality of binary generators can be changed.

(15) The combined heat and power generation system group according to an embodiment of the present disclosure includes:
A combined heat and power system group (for example, the district combined heat and power system group 4 described above) comprising a plurality of combined heat and power systems according to any one of (1) to (14) above,
The plurality of combined heat and power generation systems are provided corresponding to the plurality of target sites, respectively,
The combined heat and power supply system group further includes an integrated heat and power supply system (for example, the integrated heat and power supply system 52 described above) configured to optimize supply and demand of electric power and heat in the entire plurality of combined heat and power systems.

According to the combined heat and power supply system described in (15) above, the integrated heat and power supply system optimizes the supply and demand of electricity and heat across multiple combined heat and power systems, thereby leveling out the power and heat loads and reducing input energy. can efficiently meet electricity and heat demands.

(16) In some embodiments, in the combined heat and power system group described in (15) above,
further comprising a machine learning device (for example, the machine learning device 88 described above) that learns trends in supply and demand of electricity and heat at each of the plurality of target sites,
The integrated heat and power supply and demand system calculates the supply and demand of power and heat in the entire plurality of combined heat and power systems based on the power and heat supply and demand trends and electricity market prices in each of the plurality of target sites learned by the machine learning device. Configured to perform optimizations.

According to the group of combined heat and power generation systems described in (16) above, the demand and supply trends of electricity and heat at each of a plurality of target sites are learned, and the supply and demand of electric power and heat is optimized across the plurality of combined heat and power systems. This allows the power and heat loads to be leveled out, and the power and heat demands to be efficiently met with less input energy.

2 District combined heat and power system 3 Thermal storage battery 4 District combined heat and power system group 5 Electric motor 6 Compressor 8 First flow path 10 Pressure storage insulated high temperature storage tank 12 Second flow path 14 Expansion device 18 Pressure storage insulated low temperature storage tank 20 Third flow path 22 , 22a, 22b, 22c Binary generator 24 Fourth flow path 26 Fifth flow path 25 Circulation flow path 28 Sixth flow path 30 Seventh flow path 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38 Power transmission line 50 Site Heat and power supply and demand system 52 Integrated heat and power supply and demand system 60 First branch channel 62 Geothermal heat exchange device 64 First return channel 66 Second branch channel 68 Second return channel 70 First heat exchange section 72 Second heat exchange Parts 74, 76 Circulation channels 78, 80 Temperature adjustment channels 82, 84 Temperature sensor 86 Motor control section 88 Machine learning device 92, 92a, 92b, 92c Evaporator 96 Generator 98, 98a, 98b, 98c Condenser 100 Demand Body 102, 120a, 120b, 120c, 132a, 132b, 132c Heat exchange channel 104 First bypass channel 106 Second bypass channel 108 Third bypass channel 110, 112, 114, 116, 124, 126, 128 , 130, 138, 140, 142 Valve 118, 133, 144 Adjustment means 122, 134 Bypass flow path

Claims (16)

a compressor for compressing a heat medium;
a first flow path connected to the compressor and through which the heat medium compressed by the compressor flows;
a pressure-accumulating insulated high-temperature storage tank connected to the first flow path and for storing the heat medium supplied from the first flow path;
a second flow path connected to the pressure-accumulated adiabatic high-temperature storage tank and for flowing the heat medium that has exited the pressure-accumulated adiabatic high-temperature storage tank;
an expansion device provided in the second flow path and configured to reduce the pressure of the heat medium flowing through the second flow path;
a pressure-accumulating insulated low-temperature storage tank provided upstream or downstream of the expansion device in the second flow path and for storing the heat medium in the second flow path;
a third flow path connected to the downstream side of the second flow path and configured to supply the heat medium that has passed through each of the expansion device and the pressure accumulation adiabatic low temperature storage tank to the compressor;
a binary generator configured to generate electricity using the heat of the heat medium flowing upstream of the expansion device in the second flow path and the heat medium flowing through the third flow path;
A thermal storage battery equipped with a first branch flow path branching from between the binary generator and the expansion device in the second flow path and for flowing the heat medium supplied from the second flow path;
a first heat exchange section connected to the first branch flow path and configured to heat the heat medium supplied from the first branch flow path by heat exchange with unused energy;
connected to the first heat exchange section, and configured to supply the heat medium that has passed through the first heat exchange section between the pressure accumulation adiabatic high temperature storage tank and the binary generator in the second flow path. a first return flow path;
The thermal storage battery according to claim 1, further comprising: a second branch flow path branching from between the binary generator and the compressor in the third flow path, and for flowing the heat medium supplied from the third flow path;
a second heat exchange section connected to the second branch flow path and configured to cool the heat medium supplied from the second branch flow path by heat exchange with unused energy;
connected to the second heat exchange section, and configured to supply the heat medium that has passed through the second heat exchange section between the pressure accumulation adiabatic low temperature storage tank and the binary generator in the third flow path. a second return flow path;
The thermal storage battery according to claim 1, further comprising: The thermal storage battery according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
a fourth flow path connected to the pressure accumulation adiabatic high temperature storage tank and configured to supply the heat medium from the pressure accumulation adiabatic high temperature storage tank to the consumer at the target site;
Combined heat and power system. Further comprising a fifth flow path for recovering the heat medium supplied to the consumer through the fourth flow path from the consumer,
The fifth flow path is configured to supply the heat medium recovered from the consumer to a position between the binary generator and the expansion device in the second flow path. combined heat and power system. further comprising a sixth flow path connected to the pressure accumulation insulated cryogenic storage tank,
5. The combined heat and power supply system according to claim 4, wherein the sixth flow path is configured to supply the heat medium from the pressure accumulation adiabatic low-temperature storage tank to consumers at the target site. further comprising a seventh flow path for recovering the heat medium supplied to the consumer through the sixth flow path,
The seventh flow path is configured to supply the heat medium recovered from the consumer to a position between the binary generator and the compressor in the third flow path. combined heat and power system. 2. The thermal storage battery according to claim 1, wherein the pressure accumulation adiabatic low temperature storage tank is provided upstream of the expansion device in the second flow path. an electric motor that drives the compressor;
a residual amount sensor for detecting the remaining amount of the heat medium in the pressure-accumulated and insulated high-temperature storage tank;
a motor control unit that controls the electric motor;
Equipped with
5. The motor control unit is configured to drive the electric motor when the remaining amount of the heat medium in the pressure accumulating heat insulating high temperature storage tank detected by the remaining amount sensor is less than or equal to a threshold value. combined heat and power system. an electric motor that drives the compressor;
a remaining amount sensor for detecting the remaining amount of the heat medium in the pressure accumulating insulated low-temperature storage tank;
a motor control unit that controls the electric motor;
Equipped with
5. The motor control unit is configured to drive the electric motor when the remaining amount of the heat medium in the pressure accumulating heat insulating low temperature storage tank detected by the remaining amount sensor is below a threshold value. combined heat and power system. The binary generator includes a circulation flow path through which a working medium circulates, and an evaporator, an expansion turbine, a generator, and a condenser each provided in the circulation flow path,
The evaporator is configured to evaporate the working medium by heat exchange with the heat medium flowing through the second flow path,
The combined heat and power supply system according to claim 4, wherein the condenser is configured to condense the working medium through heat exchange with the heat medium flowing through the third flow path. comprising a plurality of the binary generators,
Each of the binary generators includes a circulation passage through which a working medium circulates, and an evaporator, an expansion turbine, a generator, and a condenser respectively provided in the circulation passage,
The combined heat and power system according to claim 4, wherein the evaporators of the plurality of binary generators are arranged in series in the second flow path. comprising a plurality of the binary generators,
Each of the binary generators includes a circulation passage through which a working medium circulates, and an evaporator, an expansion turbine, a generator, and a condenser respectively provided in the circulation passage,
The combined heat and power system according to claim 4, wherein the evaporators of the plurality of binary generators are arranged in parallel in the second flow path. The combined heat and power system according to claim 13, further comprising an adjusting means capable of adjusting the number of the evaporators that perform heat exchange among the evaporators of the plurality of binary generators. A combined heat and power system group comprising a plurality of combined heat and power systems according to claim 4,
The plurality of combined heat and power generation systems are provided corresponding to the plurality of target sites, respectively,
The combined heat and power system group further includes an integrated heat and power supply and demand system configured to optimize supply and demand of electric power and heat in the entire plurality of combined heat and power systems. further comprising a machine learning device that learns trends in supply and demand of electricity and heat at each of the plurality of target sites,
The integrated heat and power supply and demand system optimizes the supply and demand of power and heat across the plurality of combined heat and power systems based on the trends in the supply and demand of electricity and heat at each of the plurality of target sites learned by the machine learning device. The combined heat and power generation system group according to claim 15, configured to.

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