JP2023145907A - Dehumidification/heating system for horticultural facilities - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a dehumidification/heating system for horticultural facilities, which reduces operation costs.SOLUTION: Provided is a dehumidification/heating system for horticultural facilities which comprises: a dehumidification tower 12 with a storage part 11 for storing an adsorbent which performs dehumidification by adsorbing water vapor and generates heat, disposed on the mutually opposing sides of a first gateway and a second gateway of the storage part; heat exchange means 14 for heating air by exchanging heat of exhaust gas of heating means 13; and recovery means 15 for recovering dew condensation water caused by the exhaust gas in the heat exchange means. In the dehumidification/heating system, the dehumidification tower has a dew condensation water supply part 16 for supplying to the adsorbent the dew condensation water recovered on the side of the first gateway in the dehumidification tower. The system supplies the dew condensation water to the adsorbent on the side of the first gateway in the dehumidification tower and generates heat to enable further heating of air passing through the adsorbent when introducing air in the horticultural facilities from the first gateway of the dehumidification tower to make the adsorbent in the storage part pass through, and introducing humidity-reduced air from the second gateway to send it into the horticultural facilities.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

The present invention relates to dehumidification and heating systems for horticultural facilities.

In greenhouse horticulture, it is possible to stably obtain high yields by controlling temperature, humidity, moisture content, carbon dioxide concentration, etc. to conditions suitable for crops through greenhouse cultivation using plastic greenhouses, glass houses, etc. The inventors of the present application have disclosed a system in which the humidity inside a house is adjusted using a dehumidifying tower and the system is heated using heat generated by a dehumidifying agent (see Patent Document 1).

In greenhouse cultivation, especially in winter, radiation cooling occurs from the greenhouse at night, and the temperature inside the greenhouse may be lower than that outside. Crops freeze and yields drop significantly. Therefore, temperature control is performed using a warming machine.

The heating machine burns gaseous fuel, liquid fuel, solid fuel, etc., and uses the heat of the combustion gas to heat the air that is introduced into the house via a heat exchanger. When the air is heated by the combustion gas, its temperature is lower than that of the combustion gas, so condensation water forms inside the heat exchanger. Condensed water can be acidic, so in that case the pH is usually adjusted with alkali to meet the permissible limit under general wastewater standards before being disposed of in the sewer.

Patent No. 6736072

It is an object of the present invention to provide a dehumidification and heating system for horticultural facilities with reduced operating costs.

According to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a dehumidification and heating system for a horticultural facility, the dehumidification tower having a housing containing an adsorbent that dehumidifies and generates heat by adsorbing water vapor, the dehumidification tower dehumidifies or heats air. The above-mentioned dehumidification tower has a first and second inlet/outlet for leading in and out air for regeneration of the adsorbent, and the first inlet/outlet and the second inlet/outlet are disposed on opposite sides of the storage part. and a heat exchange means for exchanging heat of the exhaust gas of the heating means to warm the air, and a recovery means for recovering condensed water generated from the exhaust gas in the heat exchange means, and the dehumidification tower is , a condensation water supply section for supplying the collected condensed water to the adsorbent on the first entrance/exit side of the dehumidification tower; When the dehumidified air is introduced from the entrance and exit, passes through the adsorbent of the storage section, and is led out from the second entrance and exit into the horticultural facility, the condensed water is removed by the condensed water supply section. The dehumidification and heating system for the horticultural facility is provided, which is capable of supplying the adsorbent on the side of the first entrance to generate heat to further warm the air passing through the adsorbent.

During dehumidification in a gardening facility, a certain amount of heat is generated when the adsorbent adsorbs moisture in the air, but in the dehumidification and heating system of the above embodiment, the condensed water generated in the heat exchange means during the regeneration of the adsorbent is is collected by a collection means, and when dehumidifying the gardening facility, the condensation water supply section supplies the condensed water to the adsorbent in the storage section, causing the adsorbent to generate heat and further warming the dehumidified air. Introduce it within the facility. This makes it possible to reduce fuel consumption for heating inside the gardening facility, and to significantly reduce the cost of disposing of condensed water. As a result, it is possible to provide a dehumidification and heating system for horticultural facilities with reduced operating costs.

1 is a conceptual diagram (at the time of regeneration) of a dehumidification/warming system according to an embodiment of the present invention. 1 is a conceptual diagram (at the time of dehumidification and heating) of a dehumidification/warming system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below based on the drawings. Note that the same reference numerals are given to elements that are common among a plurality of drawings, and repeated detailed explanations of the elements will be omitted.

FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram (during regeneration) of a dehumidifying/warming system according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a conceptual diagram (dehumidifying/warming) of a dehumidifying/warming system according to an embodiment of the present invention. (at the time of heating). Referring to FIGS. 1 and 2, the dehumidification/warming system 10 includes a dehumidifying tower 12 having a storage section 11 containing an adsorbent that adsorbs water vapor and dehumidifies the water vapor, and a warming machine 13 in a horticultural facility. , a heat exchanger 14 that introduces the exhaust gas from the heating device 13 and uses the heat to heat the air; and a dew condensation water recovery device that collects condensation water that is generated when the exhaust gas is cooled in the heat exchanger 14. 15, a condensed water supply device 16 that supplies dew condensed water to the adsorbent housed in the storage section 11 to generate heat, a fan 18, a valve 19 that allows air to pass through and is shut off, and a valve 19 that allows the condensed water to pass through and shut off. It has a valve 20 and flow paths 21 to 28. In addition, for the valves 19 and 20, black circles represent a closed state, and white circles represent an open state.

In the dehumidification/warming system 10, when regenerating the adsorbent in the storage section 11 of the dehumidification tower 12, the heat of the combustion gas generated by operating the heating machine 13 is used to heat the air using the heat exchanger 14. It is heated and introduced into the dehumidification tower 12. At this time, the condensed water generated in the heat exchanger 14 is collected and stored in the dew condensed water recovery device 15. At this time, the dew condensation water may or may not be subjected to neutralization treatment or alkali treatment. If the dew condensation water is not subjected to neutralization or alkali treatment, the cost of chemicals for neutralization or alkali treatment can be reduced. From the viewpoint of impurities in the combustion gas, the fuel for the heating machine 13, for example, a boiler, is preferably a fuel containing kerosene, liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), liquefied natural gas (LNG), propane gas, or butane gas. When the fuel is heavy oil or coal, condensed water tends to become acidic due to impurities contained in these fuels, and it may be necessary to neutralize or alkali the condensed water.

The dehumidifying/warming system 10 introduces high-humidity air within the horticultural facility into the dehumidifying tower 12 when dehumidifying the horticultural facility, dehumidifies the air using the adsorbent in the storage section 11, and heats the air. At this time, condensed water is supplied to the adsorbent by the dew condensed water supply device 16 to cause the adsorbent to generate heat, thereby further warming the air passing through the storage section 11 . The dehumidified and heated air is led out of the dehumidification tower 12 and introduced into the horticultural facility. This makes it possible to save the cost and effort of water quality improvement treatment for disposing of condensed water into the sewer system. Furthermore, during dehumidification, the supply of condensed water to the adsorbent makes it possible to warm the air introduced into the horticultural facility.

The dehumidification tower 12 is provided with a housing section 11 in the center in which an adsorbent is accommodated, and an upper space 12a and a lower space 12b are formed above and below the housing section 11, respectively. A first entrance/exit 31 is provided at the top, and a second entrance/exit 32 is provided at the bottom. The storage unit 11 stores the adsorbent in a ventilated container, for example, a punched metal container with a large number of holes formed therein.

The adsorbent is not particularly limited as long as it adsorbs water vapor and generates heat. As an adsorbent, it is preferable that the adsorbent has a large amount of water vapor adsorption/desorption and can adsorb in a wide humidity range in order to cope with various humidity conditions. Examples of such adsorbents include amorphous aluminum silicate (see Japanese Patent No. 4576616), a composite of amorphous aluminum silicate and low crystalline layered clay mineral (Japanese Patent No. 5212992) (see specification), amorphous aluminum silicate powder supported with a hygroscopic salt (see Patent No. 6894094), amorphous aluminum silicate granules supported with a hygroscopic salt Examples include those on which salt is supported (see Patent No. 6761999). Among these, an adsorbent in which a hygroscopic salt is supported on powder or granules of amorphous aluminum silicate is particularly preferable because it can adsorb a very large amount of water vapor in a high humidity region. Dehumidification and heating are also possible with adsorbents such as silica gel and alumina gel. The above adsorbents may be used alone or in combination. Considering both dehumidification and heating, it is preferable to use an adsorbent that can adsorb in a wide range of humidity.

A dew condensation water supply device 16 is arranged in the upper space of the dehumidification tower 12 . The condensed water supply device 16 supplies dew condensed water to the adsorbent housed in the storage section 11, and is, for example, a humidifier that generates steam or a device that forms fine water droplets with a particle size of, for example, 1 μm to 100 μm. It is a possible sprayer. The condensed water supply device 16 sprays condensed water onto the surface of the adsorbent, and the adsorbent absorbs water, thereby generating heat. Note that the particle size of the water droplets can be measured using a laser diffraction particle size distribution measuring device.

[Example of operation during adsorbent regeneration]
Hereinafter, an example of the operation of the dehumidification/warming system 10 during regeneration of the adsorbent will be described with reference to FIG. 1. The adsorbent is regenerated, for example, by operating the dehumidifying/warming system 10 in conjunction with the operation of the warming machine 13 from evening to night in winter. The operation of the warming machine 13 also serves to heat the inside of the gardening facility. The dehumidification/warming system 10 introduces air from outside the horticultural facility into the flow path 21 using a fan. The heating machine 13 is operated to heat the inside of the horticultural facility, and combustion gas is introduced into the heat exchanger 14 via the flow path 22. The heat exchanger 14 performs gas-to-gas heat exchange between the combustion gas and the air flowing through the flow path 21, and supplies heated air to the flow path 23. The temperature of the heated air is, for example, 70°C to 80°C. The heated air is introduced into the lower space 12b from the second entrance/exit 32 of the dehumidification tower 12 via the flow paths 23 and 24, contacts the adsorbent in the storage section 11, and heats the adsorbent. Reduces moisture inside. Since the adsorbent on the lower side in the storage section 11 is exposed to air having a higher temperature than the adsorbent on the upper side, the rate of decrease in the amount of water in the adsorbent is large and the dehumidifying ability is high. The air that has passed through the storage section 11 is led out of the horticultural facility from the upper space 12a via the first entrance/exit 31 and the flow paths 25, 26.

Although not shown, the heat exchanger 14 has, for example, an assembly of metal thin tubes, and the air from the flow path 21 flows inside each thin tube of the assembly, and the combustion from the heating machine 13 Gas flows outside the collection of capillaries. The combustion gas heats the collection of thin tubes, warms the air flowing inside, and lowers the temperature of the combustion gas. Moisture and impurities contained in the combustion gas become condensed water and flow outside the collection of capillary tubes. Condensed water is an acidic liquid containing nitrogen oxides and the like. The dew condensation water is collected and stored by the dew condensation water recovery device 15.

[Example of operation when dehumidifying in a horticultural facility]
Hereinafter, an example of operation during dehumidification in a horticultural facility will be described with reference to FIG. 2. In a horticultural facility, for example, from early morning to early morning in winter, when the temperature drops, the humidity often rises, creating a humid environment, so dehumidification operations are performed. The dehumidification/warming system 10 introduces humid air inside the horticultural facility into the flow path 27 using a fan. Air is introduced into the upper space 12a from the flow path 27 through the first entrance/exit 31 of the dehumidification tower 12. The air passing through the storage section 11 comes into contact with the adsorbent and is deprived of moisture by the adsorbent, resulting in a decrease in moisture content. The air flowing from the upper side to the lower side in the housing section 11 is gradually dehumidified, and low-humidity air flows into the lower space 12b. In parallel with this, the valve of the dew condensation water recovery device 15 is opened, and dew condensation water is supplied to the dew condensation water supply device 16. The condensed water supply device 16 sprays and supplies dew condensed water from the upper space 12a to the adsorbent in the storage section 11, so that the adsorbent generates heat and the air flowing inside the storage section 11 is heated. Thereby, the air that has passed through the storage section 11 is dehumidified and heated. The dehumidified and heated air is introduced into the horticultural facility from the lower space 12b through the second entrance/exit 32 and the channels 24, 28, dehumidifying and warming the inside of the horticultural facility.

The dehumidification/warming system 10 collects condensed water in the heat exchanger 14 generated during regeneration of the adsorbent using the condensed water recovery device 15, and collects the condensed water in the storage section 11 of the dehumidification tower 12 when dehumidifying the gardening facility. By supplying dew condensation water to the adsorbent, the adsorbent generates heat to warm the air to be dehumidified and introduce it into the gardening facility. As a result, the dehumidification/warming system 10 can significantly reduce the cost of disposing of condensed water, and at the same time, reduce fuel consumption for heating inside the gardening facility. As a result, a dehumidification/warming system 10 with reduced operating costs can be realized.

In the above embodiment, when regenerating the adsorbent, heated air is introduced from the second inlet/outlet 32 provided at the lower part of the storage section 11, and the air that has passed through the storage section 11 is introduced into the first inlet/outlet provided at the upper part. Although the air was led out from the inlet/outlet 31, it may be directed in the opposite direction. That is, the heated air may be introduced through the first inlet/outlet 31 provided at the upper part of the housing part 11, and the air that has passed through the housing part 11 may be led out through the second inlet/outlet 32 provided at the lower part. In this case, it is preferable to set the air flow during dehumidification inside the gardening facility in the opposite direction. That is, humid air within the gardening facility is introduced through the second entrance/exit 32 provided at the bottom of the storage section 11, and dehumidified and heated air that has passed through the storage section 11 is led out through the first entrance/exit 31 provided at the top. . Furthermore, the dew condensation water supply device 16 sprays and supplies dew condensation water from the lower space 12b to the adsorbent in the storage section 11.

Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above, the present invention is not limited to such specific embodiments, and various modifications and changes can be made within the scope of the present invention as set forth in the claims. It is possible.

10 Dehumidification/warming system 11 Storage part 12 Dehumidification tower 13 Warming machine 14 Heat exchanger 15 Condensation water recovery device 16 Condensation water supply device 21 to 28 Flow path 31 First entrance/exit 32 Second entrance/exit

Claims (7)

A dehumidification and heating system for a horticultural facility, the system comprising:
A dehumidification tower having a housing section containing an adsorbent that dehumidifies and generates heat by adsorbing water vapor, and has first and second entrances and exits through which air is taken in and out for dehumidifying air or regenerating the adsorbent. , the dehumidification tower in which the first entrance and the second entrance are arranged on mutually opposite sides of the housing part;
a heat exchange means that heats the air by exchanging heat of the exhaust gas of the heating means;
recovery means for recovering dew condensation water generated from the exhaust gas in the heat exchange means,
The dehumidification tower has a condensation water supply section on the first entrance/exit side of the dehumidification tower that supplies the collected condensation water to the adsorbent, and the dehumidification tower supplies the air inside the horticultural facility to the dehumidification tower. When the dehumidified air is introduced from the first entrance and exit, passes through the adsorbent of the storage section, and is led out from the second entrance and exit into the horticultural facility, the condensed water supply section The dehumidification and heating system for the horticultural facility is capable of supplying the dew condensation water to the adsorbent on the first entrance/exit side to generate heat to further warm the air passing through the adsorbent. The dew condensation water supply unit includes a sprayer that sprays the dew condensation water,
2. The dehumidification and heating system for a horticultural facility according to claim 1, wherein the sprayer is capable of spraying the condensed water onto the adsorbent in the storage section on the first entrance/exit side. When regenerating the adsorbent, air heated by the heat exchange means is introduced from the second entrance and exit of the dehumidification tower, passes through the adsorbent of the storage section, and is led out from the first entrance and exit. , A dehumidification and heating system for a horticultural facility according to claim 1 or 2. The dehumidification and heating system for a horticultural facility according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the recovery means recovers dew condensation water generated in the heat exchange means when regenerating the adsorbent. The adsorbent is hygroscopic to amorphous aluminum silicate, a composite of amorphous aluminum silicate and a low-crystalline layered clay mineral, and a powder or granule of amorphous aluminum silicate. The dehumidifying and heating system for a horticultural facility according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the dehumidifying and heating system is at least one selected from those carrying a salt of. The dehumidification and heating system for a horticultural facility according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the adsorbent comprises at least one of silica gel and alumina gel. The dehumidification and humidification for horticultural facilities according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the heating means is a heating machine using a fuel containing kerosene, liquefied petroleum gas, liquefied natural gas, propane gas, or butane gas. Warm system.

Images