JP2023141863A - Shock observer and movable body - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a user-friendly shock absorber and a movable body.SOLUTION: A shock absorber includes: an input buffer which is provided between a first member and a second member; a conduit line which extends from the input buffer and through which working fluid flows; and a first shock absorbing device and a second shock absorbing device which are connected to the conduit line. Dilatant fluid whose viscosity increases when a second piston moves at a predetermined speed or higher is encapsulated in a second cylindrical body of the first shock absorbing device, and non-dilatant fluid is encapsulated in a second cylindrical body of the second shock absorbing device. A relief valve provided in the conduit line keeps a closed state in the case where the input buffer is in a first input state, and the relief valve is brought into an open state and permits the working fluid to flow from the input buffer to the second shock absorbing device in the case where a pressure in the input buffer is a reference value or higher when the input buffer is in a second input state larger than the first input state and the viscosity of the dilatant fluid increases.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

Embodiments of the present invention relate to a shock absorber and a moving body.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Shock absorbers are known that cushion the vibrations and shocks of vehicles, buildings, etc. There is a demand for such shock absorbers that are easy to use under various environments.

JP2013-204776A

The problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a shock absorber and a movable body that are easy to use.

A shock absorber according to an embodiment includes an input shock absorber provided between a first member and a second member, a conduit extending from the input shock absorber through which a working fluid flows, and a first shock absorber connected to the conduit. A shock absorbing device and a second shock absorbing device are provided, and the first shock absorbing device and the second shock absorbing device include a cylinder device connected to the pipe line, and a rod extending outside from inside the cylinder device. and a suspension provided on the distal end side of the rod, and the cylinder device includes a first cylindrical body having a first chamber to which the conduit is connected and a second chamber in which the rod is located. and a first piston that is slidably provided within the first cylindrical body and to which the rod is connected, and the suspension includes a second cylindrical body and a first piston that is slidably provided within the second cylindrical body. a second piston provided and connected to the tip of the rod; and a biasing member that biases the second piston in a direction to return the second piston when the second piston is moved by the rod; A dilatant fluid that becomes highly viscous when the second piston moves at a predetermined speed or higher is sealed in the second cylinder of the first shock absorption device, and the second cylinder of the second shock absorption device A non-dilatant fluid is sealed in the body, and the conduit has a relief valve between the input buffer and the second shock absorber, and the relief valve connects the input buffer to the second shock absorber. When the first input state is made, the closed state is maintained, and a second input state larger than the first input state is made to the input buffer, and the dilatant fluid becomes highly viscous, thereby increasing the input buffer. When the pressure inside the container exceeds a reference value, it becomes open and allows the working fluid to flow from the input shock absorber toward the second shock absorber.

FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing the flow of working fluid when a slow force is applied to the input buffer of the shock absorber. FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing the flow of working fluid when a sudden force is applied to the input buffer of the shock absorber. FIG. 2 is a sectional view of the first shock absorbing device in FIG. 1; It is a perspective view showing an example when a shock absorber is applied to a vehicle.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
The drawings are schematic or conceptual, and the relationship between the thickness and width of each part, the size ratio between parts, etc. are not necessarily the same as those in reality. Even when the same part is shown, the dimensions and ratios may be shown differently depending on the drawing.
In the specification of this application and each figure, elements similar to those already explained are given the same reference numerals, and detailed explanations are omitted as appropriate.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the flow of working fluid when a slow force is applied to the input buffer of a shock absorber.
FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing the flow of working fluid when a sudden force is applied to the input buffer of the shock absorber.
FIG. 3 is a sectional view of the first shock absorbing device in FIG. 1.

The shock absorber 10 cushions vibrations and shocks applied to vehicles, buildings, etc., for example. The shock absorber 10 includes an input shock absorber 20, a conduit 30, a first shock absorber 50, and a second shock absorber 80.

The input buffer 20 is provided between the first member and the second member. The first member is, for example, a member on the wheel side of the vehicle, and the second member is a member on the body side of the vehicle. The input buffer 20 suppresses vibrations and shocks of the second member by absorbing energy transmitted from the first member to the second member. The input shock absorber 20 includes a cylindrical body 22, a piston 24, and a rod 26.

The cylindrical body 22 is formed into a cylindrical body, for example, and constitutes the outer shell of the input buffer 20. The inside of the cylindrical body 22 is divided by a piston 24 into a first chamber 22a and a second chamber 22b. Air is sealed in the first chamber 22a. The cylinder body 22 has a communication hole 22c that communicates the first chamber 22a with the outside. A working fluid H (for example, working oil) is sealed in the second chamber 22b. A pipe line 30, which will be described later, is connected to the second chamber 22b.

The piston 24 is slidably provided within the cylindrical body 22. The piston 24 is formed into a disk shape, for example, to match the internal shape of the cylindrical body 22. The piston 24 has a seal member 25 between it and the inner surface of the cylindrical body 22. The seal member 25 prevents the working fluid H in the second chamber 22b from leaking into the first chamber 22a, and allows the piston 24 to slide smoothly within the cylindrical body 22.

The rod 26 is located within the first chamber 22a of the cylindrical body 22. That is, the rod 26 is connected to the piston 24 at its base end and extends within the first chamber 22a. The rod 26 has a distal end protruding to the outside of the cylindrical body 22 . The rod 26 is expandable and retractable with respect to the cylindrical body 22. That is, the amount of protrusion of the rod 26 from the cylindrical body 22 changes. The first member is attached to the tip of the rod 26. On the other hand, the second member is attached to the cylindrical body 22. Vibrations and shocks received by the first member move the piston 24 via the rod 26.

As shown in FIG. 1, the rod 26 contracts when a force F1 in the direction of the arrow is applied. In this case, the piston 24 moves in a direction that narrows the second chamber 22b. As a result, the working fluid H in the second chamber 22b is pressed by the piston 24 and flows out into the pipe line 30. On the other hand, when the working fluid H flows into the second chamber 22b from the conduit 30, the pressure of the working fluid H causes the piston 24 to move in a direction to narrow the first chamber 22a. Thereby, the rod 26 extends with respect to the cylinder body 22.

The conduit 30 is made of, for example, a resin material and a metal material, and extends from the input buffer 20. The conduit 30 connects the input buffer 20 and the first shock absorbing device 50 and the second shock absorbing device 80. The conduit 30 allows the working fluid H to flow between the input buffer 20 and the first shock absorber 50 and between the input buffer 20 and the second shock absorber 80. The conduit 30 includes a first conduit 32, a second conduit 34, and a third conduit 36.

The first conduit 32 connects the input buffer 20 and the first shock absorbing device 50. The first pipe line 32 has one end connected to the second chamber 22b of the input shock absorber 20, and the other end connected to the cylinder device 52 of the first shock absorber 50. The working fluid H reciprocates between the input buffer 20 and the cylinder device 52 via the first conduit 32.

The second conduit 34 and the third conduit 36 connect between the input buffer 20 and the second shock absorbing device 80. In this example, the second conduit 34 is connected at one end to the first conduit 32 and at the other end to the cylinder device 82 of the second shock absorbing device 80 . The second conduit 34 is a supply conduit through which the working fluid H flows from the input buffer 20 toward the cylinder device 82 .

On the other hand, the third conduit 36 has one end connected to the first conduit 32 and the other end connected to the second conduit 34 . The third pipe line 36 is a return pipe line through which the working fluid H flows from the cylinder device 82 toward the input buffer 20. The working fluid H flows through the second pipe line 34 and the third pipe line 36 in only one direction. For this purpose, the second conduit 34 and the third conduit 36 have a valve unit 40.

The valve unit 40 controls whether the working fluid H in the input buffer 20 flows toward the first shock absorber 50 or the second shock absorber 80 . The valve unit 40 includes a relief valve 42 and a check valve 44.

The second conduit 34 has a relief valve 42 . The relief valve 42 is normally closed. When the relief valve 42 is in the closed state, the working fluid H is blocked from flowing between the first chamber 22b of the input shock absorber 20 and the cylinder device 82 of the second shock absorber 80. ing.

When the pressure in the second chamber 22b of the input buffer 20 increases, the pressure on the upstream side of the relief valve 42 (on the first pipeline 32 side) of the second pipeline 34 also increases. Then, when the pressure in the second chamber 22b becomes equal to or higher than the reference value, the relief valve 42 switches from the closed state to the open state. Thereby, the relief valve 42 allows the working fluid H to flow from the input buffer 20 to the second shock absorbing device 80 via the second conduit 34. On the other hand, the relief valve 42 switches from the open state to the closed state when the pressure in the second chamber 22b of the input buffer 20 decreases and the pressure on the upstream side of the relief valve 42 decreases. The opening/closing switching of the relief valve 42 will be explained in detail later.

The third conduit 36 has a check valve 44 . The check valve 44 allows the working fluid H to flow from the cylinder device 82 of the second shock absorbing device 80 toward the input shock absorber 20, and suppresses the working fluid H from flowing in the opposite direction.

The first shock absorbing device 50 is connected to the input buffer 20 via the first conduit 32. The first shock absorbing device 50 operates to attenuate the force input to the input buffer 20 when the force is slow. The case where the force is slow is the case in the first input state in which the power (force per unit time x amount of displacement) to the rod 26 is less than the reference value. The first shock absorbing device 50 includes a cylinder device 52, a rod 60, and a suspension 70.

The cylinder device 52 is connected to the pipe line 30 (first pipe line 32). The cylinder device 52 transmits the force (energy) input to the input buffer 20 to the suspension 70 and transmits the reaction force from the suspension 70 to the input buffer 20. The cylinder device 52 includes a first cylindrical body 54 connected to the first pipe line 32 and a first piston 56 provided inside the first cylindrical body 54.

The first cylindrical body 54 is formed into a cylindrical body, for example, and constitutes an outer shell of the cylinder device 52. The inside of the first cylindrical body 54 is divided by a first piston 56 into a first chamber 54a and a second chamber 54b. The first chamber 54a is connected to the first conduit 32, and contains the working fluid H. A rod 60 is located in the second chamber 54b, and air is sealed therein. The first cylindrical body 54 has a communication hole 54c that communicates the second chamber 54b with the outside.

The first piston 56 is slidably provided within the first cylindrical body 54 . The first piston 56 is formed into a disk shape, for example, in accordance with the internal shape of the first cylindrical body 54. The first piston 56 has a seal member 58 between it and the inner surface of the first cylindrical body 54 . The seal member 58 prevents the working fluid H in the first chamber 54a from leaking into the second chamber 54b, and allows the first piston 56 to slide smoothly within the first cylindrical body 54.

The rod 60 extends from the inside of the first cylindrical body 54 of the cylinder device 52 toward the outside (suspension 70 side). The rod 60 has a proximal end connected to the first piston 56 and extends within the second chamber 54b. The rod 60 is expandable and retractable with respect to the first cylindrical body 54. That is, the amount of protrusion of the rod 60 from the first cylindrical body 54 changes.

When the working fluid H flows into the first chamber 54a of the first cylindrical body 54 from the first pipe line 32, the pressure of the working fluid H causes the first piston 56 to move in a direction to narrow the second chamber 54b. Thereby, the rod 60 extends with respect to the first cylindrical body 54. On the other hand, when the rod 60 contracts relative to the first cylindrical body 54, the first piston 56 moves in a direction that narrows the first chamber 54a. As a result, the working fluid H in the first chamber 54a flows out into the first conduit 32.

The suspension 70 is provided on the tip side of the rod 60. The tip of the rod 60 is located within the second cylindrical body 72 of the suspension 70. That is, the suspension 70 and the cylinder device 52 are connected by the rod 60. The suspension 70 includes a second cylindrical body 72, a second piston 73, and a biasing member 77.

The second cylindrical body 72 is formed into a cylindrical body, for example, and constitutes an outer shell of the suspension 70. The inside of the second cylindrical body 72 is divided by a second piston 73 into a first chamber 72a and a second chamber 72b. The second cylindrical body 72 is filled with a dilatant fluid D that becomes highly viscous when a sudden displacement is applied. The case where the force is sudden is the case where the power to the rod 26 (force per unit time x amount of displacement) is in the second input state equal to or higher than the reference value.

The second piston 73 is slidably provided within the second cylindrical body 72. The second piston 73 is formed into a disc shape, for example, in accordance with the internal shape of the second cylindrical body 72. The second piston 73 is connected to the tip of the rod 60. The second piston 73 has a through hole 73a that penetrates in the thickness direction. A plurality of (for example, four) through holes 73a are formed spaced apart around the rod 60. The through hole 73a communicates between the first chamber 72a and the second chamber 72b of the second cylindrical body 72.

Thereby, when the second piston 73 moves toward the second chamber 72b, the dilatant fluid D in the second chamber 72b flows into the first chamber 72a through the through hole 73a. Further, when the second piston 73 moves toward the first chamber 72a, the dilatant fluid D in the first chamber 72a flows into the second chamber 72b via the through hole 73a. That is, the through hole 73a serves as a flow path for the dilatant fluid D. The diameter and number of the through holes 73a are determined through experiments and simulations based on the resistance between the second piston 73 and the dilatant fluid D, the spring constant of the biasing member 77, which will be described later, and the like.

The second piston 73 has a seal member 74 between it and the inner surface of the second cylindrical body 72. The sealing member 74 prevents the dilatant fluid D from leaking between the first chamber 72a and the second chamber 72b, and allows the second piston 73 to slide smoothly within the second cylindrical body 72.

The suspension 70 includes a receiving portion 75 and a flange 76, on which the biasing member 77 is held. The receiving portion 75 is provided on the bottom side of the second cylindrical body 72. The outer diameter of the receiving portion 75 is larger than the outer diameter of the second cylindrical body 72. The receiving portion 75 supports one side of the biasing member 77.

The flange 76 is located on the rod 60 between the second cylindrical body 72 and the first cylindrical body 54 . The outer diameter of the flange 76 is larger than the outer diameter of the second cylindrical body 72. The receiving portion 75 and the flange 76 have, for example, the same shape and size. Flange 76 moves with rod 60. The flange 76 supports the other side of the biasing member 77.

The biasing member 77 is provided between the receiving portion 75 and the flange 76. The biasing member 77 is, for example, a coil spring, and is wound around the outer circumferential side of the second cylindrical body 72 . The biasing member 77 biases the second piston 73 in the direction of returning the second piston 73 when the rod 60 moves the second piston 73 . That is, when the second piston 73 moves toward the second chamber 72b of the second cylinder 72, the flange 76 causes the biasing member 77 to contract.

The second shock absorbing device 80 is connected to the input buffer 20 via the second conduit 34 and the third conduit 36. The first shock absorbing device 50 and the second shock absorbing device 80 are connected in parallel to the input buffer 20 via a conduit 30. The second shock absorbing device 80 operates to attenuate the force input to the input buffer 20 when the force is sudden. Since most of the second impact absorbing device 80 has the same configuration as the first impact absorbing device 50, the differences from the first impact absorbing device 50 will be explained in detail below.

The second shock absorbing device 80 includes a cylinder device 82, a rod 90, and a suspension 100. The cylinder device 82 corresponds to the cylinder device 52 of the first shock absorbing device 50. The cylinder device 82 includes a first cylindrical body 84 and a first piston 86.

The inside of the first cylindrical body 84 is divided by a first piston 86 into a first chamber 84a and a second chamber 84b. Further, the first cylindrical body 84 has a communication hole 84c that communicates the second chamber 84b with the outside. The first chamber 84a is connected to the second conduit 34, and contains the working fluid H. A rod 90 is located in the second chamber 84b, and air is sealed therein.

The first piston 86 is slidably provided within the first cylindrical body 84 . The first piston 86 has a seal member 88 between it and the inner surface of the first cylindrical body 84 . The seal member 88 prevents the working fluid H in the first chamber 84a from leaking into the second chamber 84b, and allows the first piston 86 to slide smoothly within the first cylindrical body 84.

Here, the differences between the cylinder device 52 of the first shock absorber 50 and the cylinder device 82 of the second shock absorber 80 will be explained. The stroke length of the first piston 86 is greater than the stroke length of the first piston 56.

Therefore, for example, the length in the longitudinal direction of the first cylindrical body 84 of the second shock absorbing device 80 is longer than the length in the longitudinal direction of the first cylindrical body 54 of the first shock absorbing device 50. Note that the stroke end of the first piston 86 may be configured to be closer to the bottom than the stroke end of the first piston 56. In such a case, the first cylindrical body 84 and the first cylindrical body 54 may have the same length in the longitudinal direction.

The rod 90 corresponds to the rod 60 of the first shock absorbing device 50. The rod 90 has a proximal end connected to the first piston 86 and extends within the second chamber 84b. The rod 90 expands and contracts with respect to the first cylindrical body 84 as the first piston 86 moves. That is, the amount of protrusion of the rod 90 from the first cylindrical body 84 changes.

The suspension 100 corresponds to the suspension 70 of the first shock absorbing device 50. The suspension 100 includes a second cylindrical body 102, a second piston 103, and a biasing member 107. The second cylindrical body 102 corresponds to the second cylindrical body 72 of the first shock absorbing device 50. The inside of the second cylindrical body 102 is divided by a second piston 103 into a first chamber 102a and a second chamber 102b.

The second piston 103 has a through hole (not shown) that communicates between the first chamber 102a and the second chamber 102b. This through hole corresponds to the through hole 73a of the second piston 73. Note that the through holes of the second piston 103 and the through holes 73a of the second piston 73 may be different in number and diameter. The second piston 103 has a seal member (not shown) between it and the inner surface of the second cylindrical body 102 . This seal member corresponds to the seal member 74 of the second piston 73.

The biasing member 107 is held between the receiving portion 105 and the flange 106. The biasing member 107 corresponds to the biasing member 77 of the first shock absorbing device 50. Further, the receiving portion 105 and the flange 106 correspond to the receiving portion 75 and the flange 106 of the first shock absorbing device 50, respectively.

Next, the differences between the suspension 100 of the second shock absorbing device 80 and the suspension 70 of the first shock absorbing device 50 will be explained.

A dilatant fluid D that becomes highly viscous when the second piston 73 moves at a predetermined speed or higher is sealed in the second cylinder 72 of the first shock absorbing device 50 . On the other hand, a non-dilatant fluid is sealed in the second cylindrical body 102 of the second shock absorbing device 80. The non-dilatant fluid is, for example, a Newtonian fluid. The Newtonian fluid is, for example, the same as the working fluid H (hydraulic oil). Note that the non-dilatant fluid may be a plastic fluid or a pseudoplastic fluid.

When the speed of the working fluid H flowing in the first conduit 32 is slow, the biasing member 77 of the first shock absorbing device 50 can suppress the impact, and the suspension 70 can suppress the movement of the biasing member 77 ( amplitude) can be suppressed. On the other hand, when the speed of the working fluid H flowing in the first conduit 32 is high, the impact can be suppressed by the biasing member 107 of the second shock absorbing device 80, and the suspension 100 can suppress the biasing member 107. Movement (amplitude) can be suppressed.

That is, when the input to the input buffer 20 is gentle, the shock absorber 10 is filled with the dilatant fluid D and only the first shock absorber 50 with a large spring constant acts to suppress vibrations and shocks. displacement is suppressed. In this way, when the input to the input buffer 20 is gentle, a non-dilatant fluid (for example, Newtonian fluid) is sealed, and the second shock absorbing device 80 having a small spring constant does not act, but a large spring constant is applied. The displacement of the object is suppressed by the first shock absorbing device 50 having the first shock absorbing device 50. Specific operations of the first shock absorber 50 and the second shock absorber 80 will be described in detail later.

Next, the stroke length of the second piston 103 of the second shock absorbing device 80 is larger than the stroke length of the second piston 73 of the first shock absorbing device 50. That is, the stroke length of the second piston 103 of the suspension 100 is longer than the stroke length L of the second piston 73 of the suspension 70 (see FIG. 3).

For example, the length in the longitudinal direction of the second cylindrical body 102 of the second shock absorbing device 80 is longer than the length in the longitudinal direction of the second cylindrical body 72 of the first shock absorbing device 50. Thereby, even when a large amount of working fluid H flows into the cylinder device 82 of the second shock absorbing device 80, bottoming out of the second piston 103 can be suppressed. Note that the stroke end of the second piston 103 may be configured to be closer to the bottom than the stroke end of the second piston 73. In such a case, the second cylindrical body 102 and the second cylindrical body 72 may have the same length in the longitudinal direction.

Next, the spring constant of the biasing member 107 of the second shock absorbing device 80 is smaller than the spring constant of the biasing member 77 of the first shock absorbing device 50. Thereby, the biasing member 107 can softly absorb sudden shocks and vibrations input to the input buffer 20.

The shock absorber 10 according to the embodiment has the above-described configuration, and the operation of the shock absorber 10 will be explained next.

As shown in FIG. 1, when a slow force F1 is applied to the input buffer 20, the rod 26 contracts at a low speed. Thereby, the piston 24 causes the working fluid H in the second chamber 22b to slowly flow out into the first pipe line 32. As a result, the working fluid H flows through the first conduit 32 in the direction of arrow A and flows into the first chamber 54a of the first cylindrical body 54 of the first shock absorbing device 50. When the working fluid H flows into the first chamber 54a of the first cylindrical body 54, the first piston 56 moves in a direction to narrow the second chamber 54b.

As a result, the rod 60 moves against the urging force of the urging member 77, and also moves the second piston 73 of the suspension 70. In this case, since the working fluid H is slowly flowing into the first chamber 54a of the first cylindrical body 54, the moving speed of the second piston 73 is low. When the second piston 73 moves at a low speed, the velocity gradient of the dilatant fluid D within the second cylindrical body 72 is small, so that the fluidity of the dilatant fluid D can be maintained.

Therefore, when a slow force F1 is applied to the input shock absorber 20, the second piston 73 can be moved while absorbing the impact by the biasing member 77, and the second chamber 72b of the second cylindrical body 72 can be moved. The dilatant fluid D inside can flow into the first chamber 72a through the through hole 73a of the second piston 73.

When the pressing force of the first piston 56 becomes smaller than the urging force of the urging member 77, the second piston 73 is returned by the urging force of the urging member 77. In this case, the spring constant of the biasing member 77 is set to a value that prevents the dilatant fluid D from becoming highly viscous at the return speed of the second piston 73. That is, the biasing member 77 returns the second piston 73 at low speed.

Then, the first piston 56 pressed by the rod 60 returns the working fluid H in the first chamber 54a from the first pipe line 32 to the second chamber 22b of the input shock absorber 20. When the working fluid H flows into the second chamber 22b, the piston 24 is pressed and the rod 26 is extended.

Next, as shown in FIG. 2, when a sudden force F2 is applied to the input buffer 20, the rod 26 contracts at a high speed. Thereby, the piston 24 causes the working fluid H in the second chamber 22b to rapidly flow out into the first pipe line 32. As a result, the working fluid H rapidly presses the first piston 56 from the first chamber 54a of the first cylindrical body 54.

Thereby, the rod 60 moves the second piston 73 of the suspension 70 at high speed. When the second piston 73 is moved at high speed, the velocity gradient of the dilatant fluid D within the second cylinder 72 becomes large, and the viscosity of the dilatant fluid D becomes high. As a result, the movement of the second piston 73 is suppressed by the highly viscous dilatant fluid D.

When the movement of the second piston 73 is suppressed, the pressure within the second chamber 22b of the input buffer 20 and the first conduit 32 increases. When this pressure exceeds the reference value, the relief valve 42 of the second pipe line 34 switches from the closed state to the open state. As a result, the working fluid H flows in the direction of arrow B within the second conduit 32 and flows into the cylinder device 82 of the second shock absorbing device 80 .

The working fluid H that has flowed into the first chamber 84a of the first cylindrical body 84 of the cylinder device 82 moves the first piston 86 in a direction that narrows the second chamber 84b. As a result, the rod 90 moves against the urging force of the urging member 107, and also moves the second piston 103 of the suspension 100.

In this case, since a non-dilatant fluid (for example, Newtonian fluid) is sealed in the second cylindrical body 102 of the second shock absorbing device 80, the viscosity of the non-dilatant fluid does not change depending on the speed of the second piston 103. . Therefore, when a sudden force F2 is applied to the input shock absorber 20, the second piston 103 can be moved while absorbing the impact by the biasing member 107, and the second chamber 102b of the second cylindrical body 102 can be moved. The non-dilatant fluid inside can flow into the first chamber 102a through the through hole of the second piston 103.

Further, the stroke length of the second piston 103 is longer than the stroke length of the second piston 73. As a result, even if a sudden force F2 acts on the input shock absorber 20 and a large amount of working fluid H flows into the first chamber 86a of the first piston 86, it is possible to suppress the second piston 103 from bottoming out. can.

Further, the spring constant of the biasing member 107 of the second shock absorbing device 80 is smaller than the spring constant of the biasing member 77 of the first shock absorbing device 50. Thereby, the biasing member 107 can softly absorb the sudden force F2 input to the input buffer 20.

When the sudden force F2 input to the input buffer 20 weakens, the pressure of the working fluid H in the second chamber 22b of the cylinder body 22 and the first pipe line 32 decreases, and the relief valve 42 changes from the open state to the closed state. Switch to . Then, the second piston 103 is returned by the urging force of the urging member 107.

The first piston 86 pressed by the rod 90 returns the working fluid H in the first chamber 84a from the third conduit 36 to the second chamber 22b of the input shock absorber 20 (see arrow C in FIG. 2). When the working fluid H flows into the second chamber 22b, the piston 24 is pressed and the rod 26 is extended.

The shock absorber 10 according to the embodiment suppresses vibrations and shocks by switching between the first shock absorber 50 and the second shock absorber 80 depending on the magnitude of the force input to the input shock absorber 20. The magnitude of the force input to the input buffer 20 (rapid input and slow input) is related to the power calculated by "force per unit time x amount of displacement". That is, the slow input is the first input state in which the power is less than the reference value. On the other hand, the sudden input is a second input state in which the power is equal to or higher than the reference value. This reference value is a threshold value for determining whether the dilatant fluid D becomes highly viscous.

When the input is gentle, the first shock absorbing device 50 in which the dilatant fluid D is sealed and has the biasing member 77 with a large spring constant is activated. On the other hand, when the input is sudden, the second shock absorbing device 80 is activated, which includes a biasing member 107 filled with a non-dilatant fluid (for example, Newtonian fluid) and having a spring constant smaller than that of the biasing member 77. . That is, the shock absorber 10 switches to a suspension with a different spring constant depending on the magnitude of the force input to the input shock absorber 20 (first input state or second input state). In this case, the shock absorber 10 switches between the first shock absorber 50 and the second shock absorber 80 via the relief valve 42. The relief valve 42 is arranged so that the first conduit 32 and the second chamber 22b of the cylindrical body 22 are caused to change in viscosity (increase in viscosity) of the dilatant fluid D depending on the input state (input speed) to the input buffer 20. It is used to function by pressure difference.

By utilizing the fluidity of the relief valve 42 and the dilatant fluid D, the shock absorbing device 10 can switch between the first shock absorbing device 50 and the second shock absorbing device 80 without supplying power. Therefore, the shock absorber 10 can adjust the damping force over a wide range without using electrical control.

As a result, the shock absorber 10 can be applied regardless of the external environment. The buffer device 10 can be stably used, for example, in a high-noise environment or a high-dose environment. Furthermore, since the shock absorber 10 does not require electrical control, it is possible to prevent cables, controllers, etc. from becoming complicated in the surrounding area. Furthermore, since the shock absorber 10 includes the input shock absorber 20, the first shock absorber 50, and the second shock absorber 80 as separate units, it provides flexibility when arranging it in a vehicle, equipment, etc. Can be done. Therefore, it is possible to provide a shock absorbing device 10 that is easy to use.

Next, a case where the shock absorber 10 is used in a moving body such as a vehicle will be described with reference to FIG. 4.
FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing an example of a case where the shock absorber is applied to a vehicle.

As shown in FIG. 4, the moving body 200 includes a frame 220 to which wheels 210 are attached, a body 230 that moves relative to the frame 220, and a shock absorber 10 provided between the frame 220 and the body 230. It is equipped with Frame 220 constitutes a first member. Body 230 constitutes a second member.

In the input shock absorber 20, the tip of a rod 26 is attached to a frame 220, and the cylindrical body 22 is attached to a body 230. Note that the tip of the rod 26 may be attached to the body 230 and the cylindrical body 22 may be attached to the frame 220. In this example, the first impact absorbing device 50 and the second impact absorbing device 80 are each housed in a case. The first impact absorbing device 50 and the second impact absorbing device 80 are attached to, for example, a vehicle body.

When the vibrations and shocks of the wheels 210 are small, the first shock absorption device 50 can absorb the vibrations and shocks. On the other hand, when the vibrations and shocks of the wheels 210 are large, the second shock absorption device 80 can absorb the vibrations and shocks. Thereby, the shock absorber 10 can effectively suppress vibrations and shocks from the wheels 210 from being transmitted to the body 230.

In the embodiment described above, the case where the second conduit 34 and the third conduit 36 are connected to the first conduit 32 has been described as an example. However, the embodiment of the present invention is not limited to this, and for example, the second pipe line 34 and the third pipe line 36 may be directly connected to the second chamber 22b of the input buffer 20. Moreover, in the embodiment described above, the case where the third conduit 36 is connected to the second conduit 34 has been described as an example. However, the embodiment of the present invention is not limited to this, and for example, the second pipe line 34 and the third pipe line 36 may each be connected to the cylinder device 82 separately.

In the embodiment described above, the case where the biasing member 77 is provided by winding around the outer periphery of the second cylindrical body 72 has been described as an example. However, the embodiment of the present invention is not limited to this, and for example, a biasing member may be provided inside the second cylindrical body 72 to directly bias the second piston 73. This also applies to the biasing member 107 of the second shock absorbing device 80.

In the above-described embodiment, a vehicle was used as an example of the moving object. However, the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to this, and for example, the moving object may be a building, a robot, or the like. That is, the shock absorber 10 may be attached to suppress vibrations and shocks of a movable part of a building or a robot.

According to the embodiments described above, it is possible to realize a shock absorber and a movable body that are easy to use.

Embodiments may include the following configurations.
(Configuration 1)
an input buffer provided between a first member and a second member; a conduit extending from the input buffer and through which a working fluid flows; a first shock absorber and a second shock absorber connected to the conduit; a device;
Equipped with
The first shock absorption device and the second shock absorption device are
a cylinder device connected to the pipe line;
a rod extending from inside the cylinder device to the outside;
a suspension provided on the tip side of the rod;
has
The cylinder device includes:
a first cylindrical body having a first chamber to which the conduit is connected and a second chamber in which the rod is located;
a first piston that is slidably provided within the first cylinder and is connected to the rod;
has
The suspension is
a second cylindrical body;
a second piston slidably provided within the second cylinder and connected to the tip of the rod;
a biasing member that biases the second piston in a returning direction when the second piston is moved by the rod;
has
A dilatant fluid that increases in viscosity when the second piston moves at a predetermined speed or more is sealed in the second cylinder of the first shock absorbing device,
A non-dilatant fluid is sealed in the second cylinder of the second shock absorbing device,
The conduit has a relief valve between the input shock absorber and the second shock absorber,
The relief valve is
When the input buffer is in a first input state, the closed state is maintained;
When a second input state greater than the first input state is applied to the input buffer and the dilatant fluid becomes highly viscous, and the pressure within the input buffer exceeds a reference value, the input buffer is in an open state. and allowing the working fluid to flow from the input shock absorber toward the second shock absorber.
(Configuration 2)
The pipe line is
a first conduit connecting between the input buffer and the first shock absorber;
a second conduit connecting between the input buffer and the second shock absorber and having the relief valve;
a third conduit connecting between the second shock absorbing device and the input buffer and having a check valve that allows the working fluid to flow only from the second shock absorbing device toward the input buffer; and,
The buffer device according to configuration 1, having:
(Configuration 3)
The shock absorber according to configuration 1 or 2, wherein a spring constant of the biasing member of the second shock absorbing device is smaller than a spring constant of the biasing member of the first shock absorbing device.
(Configuration 4)
The shock absorber according to any one of configurations 1 to 3, wherein a stroke length of the second piston of the second shock absorber is larger than a stroke length of the second piston of the first shock absorber.
(Configuration 5)
a first member;
a second member that moves relative to the first member;
The buffer device according to any one of configurations 1 to 4,
A mobile object equipped with

Although several embodiments of the present invention have been illustrated above, these embodiments are presented as examples and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. These novel embodiments can be implemented in various other forms, and various omissions, substitutions, changes, etc. can be made without departing from the gist of the invention. These embodiments and their modifications are included within the scope and gist of the invention, as well as within the scope of the invention described in the claims and its equivalents. Further, each of the embodiments described above can be implemented in combination with each other.

10 Shock absorber 20 Input shock absorber 22 Cylindrical body 22a First chamber 22b Second chamber 22c Communication hole 24 Piston 25 Seal member 26 Rod 30 Conduit 32 First conduit 34 Second conduit 36 Third conduit 40 Valve unit 42 Relief valve 44 Check valve 50 First shock absorber 52, 82 Cylinder device 54, 84 First cylinder 54a, 84a First chamber 54b, 84b Second chamber 54c, 84c Communication hole 56, 86 First piston 58, 88 Seal Member 60, 90 Rod 70, 100 Suspension 72, 102 Second cylinder 72a, 102a First chamber 72b, 102b Second chamber 73, 103 Second piston 73a Through hole 74 Seal member 75, 105 Receiver 76, 106 Flange 77 , 107 biasing member 80 second shock absorbing device 200 moving body 210 wheel 220 frame (first member)
230 Body (second member)
D Dilatant fluid H Working fluid

Claims (5)

an input buffer provided between a first member and a second member; a conduit extending from the input buffer and through which a working fluid flows; a first shock absorber and a second shock absorber connected to the conduit; a device;
Equipped with
The first shock absorption device and the second shock absorption device are
a cylinder device connected to the pipe line;
a rod extending from inside the cylinder device to the outside;
a suspension provided on the tip side of the rod;
has
The cylinder device includes:
a first cylindrical body having a first chamber to which the conduit is connected and a second chamber in which the rod is located;
a first piston that is slidably provided within the first cylinder and is connected to the rod;
has
The suspension is
a second cylindrical body;
a second piston slidably provided within the second cylinder and connected to the tip of the rod;
a biasing member that biases the second piston in a returning direction when the second piston is moved by the rod;
has
A dilatant fluid that increases in viscosity when the second piston moves at a predetermined speed or more is sealed in the second cylinder of the first shock absorbing device,
A non-dilatant fluid is sealed in the second cylinder of the second shock absorbing device,
The conduit has a relief valve between the input buffer and the second shock absorber,
The relief valve is
When the input buffer is in a first input state, the closed state is maintained;
When a second input state greater than the first input state is applied to the input buffer and the dilatant fluid becomes highly viscous, causing the pressure within the input buffer to exceed a reference value, the input buffer is in an open state. and allowing the working fluid to flow from the input shock absorber toward the second shock absorber. The pipe line is
a first conduit connecting between the input buffer and the first shock absorber;
a second conduit connecting between the input buffer and the second shock absorber and having the relief valve;
a third conduit connecting between the second shock absorbing device and the input buffer and having a check valve that allows the working fluid to flow only from the second shock absorbing device toward the input buffer; and,
The shock absorber according to claim 1, comprising: The shock absorbing device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a spring constant of the biasing member of the second shock absorbing device is smaller than a spring constant of the biasing member of the first shock absorbing device. The shock absorber according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a stroke length of the second piston of the second shock absorber is greater than a stroke length of the second piston of the first shock absorber. . a first member;
a second member that moves relative to the first member;
The buffer device according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
A mobile object equipped with

Images