JP2023132706A - Bakery dough quality improving agent and method of producing bakery product dough using the quality improving agent - Google Patents
Bakery dough quality improving agent and method of producing bakery product dough using the quality improving agent Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
本発明は、ベーカリー生地に添加する事により冷凍耐性及び老化防止効果を発揮するベーカリー製品生地用品質改良剤、当該品質改良剤が練り込まれた冷凍ベーカリー生地、当該冷凍ベーカリー生地を使用したベーカリー製品である。さらに、前記品質改良剤を用いたベーカリー製品用生地の製造方法に関する。 The present invention relates to a quality improver for bakery product dough that exhibits freezing resistance and anti-aging effects when added to bakery dough, frozen bakery dough into which the quality improver is kneaded, and bakery products using the frozen bakery dough. It is. Furthermore, the present invention relates to a method for producing dough for bakery products using the quality improving agent.
ベーカリー製品は、穀物粉に水や調味料又はイースト等を加え混錬し、目的に応じて醗酵させ又は醗酵させないで、生地を調整し、焼成して製品化させた製品である。その作業は一連の基になされる事が多いが、作業上の都合や流通上の都合により、製品中間体である生地又は製品の状態で凍結させ凍結状態で保存又は流通する事がなされている。しかし、生地を凍結させると、凍結により生地構造が破壊され、二次醗酵時の生地膨張が低下する等の影響により非凍結の製品と比べて品質の低下がみられる。また、生地又は製品を凍結させると、凍結時や解凍時にでん粉等に老化現象と言われる変性が生じる。そこで、でん粉の老化現象に伴う品質の低下を防止する様々な検討がなされてきた。 Bakery products are products made by kneading grain flour with water, seasonings, yeast, etc., fermenting or not depending on the purpose, adjusting the dough, and baking it. This work is often done in series, but due to operational and distribution reasons, it is sometimes done to freeze the dough or product, which is a product intermediate, and store or distribute it in a frozen state. . However, when the dough is frozen, the quality of the dough is lower than that of a non-frozen product due to effects such as destruction of the dough structure due to freezing and reduced dough expansion during secondary fermentation. Furthermore, when dough or products are frozen, denaturation, called a aging phenomenon, occurs in starch and the like during freezing and thawing. Therefore, various studies have been made to prevent the deterioration in quality caused by the aging phenomenon of starch.
冷凍耐性及び老化防止効果を目的としたベーカリー製品生地用品質改良剤としては、酵素製剤を中心に様々な検討がなされており、特にアミラーゼはベーカリー製品の主原料である小麦粉のでん粉質を加水分解する性質を利用して、冷凍耐性や老化防止効果だけでなく、様々な品質改良用途で検討をされているが、添加量や作業工程によっては過度の加水分解により生地構造を損傷させる。それに伴い付着粘性が増加するため作業適正が著しく低下する問題を生じさせ、さらに製品が過度に軟化して品質を低下させる等の問題が生じており、各種改良が検討されてきた。 As a quality improver for bakery product dough with the aim of freezing resistance and anti-aging effects, various studies have been carried out, centering on enzyme preparations.Amylase in particular has been used to hydrolyze the starch in wheat flour, the main ingredient of bakery products. Taking advantage of this property, it is being investigated not only for its freeze resistance and anti-aging effects, but also for various quality improvement applications, but depending on the amount added and the working process, excessive hydrolysis can damage the dough structure. As a result, the adhesion viscosity increases, causing problems such as a significant decrease in workability, and further problems such as excessive softening of the product and deterioration of quality, and various improvements have been considered.
特許文献1には、糖類水溶液中にα-アミラーゼを含有させることによってα-アミラーゼの耐熱性を向上させた上、その糖類水溶液を油脂中に安定に油中水型に乳化することにより、焼成前の製パン工程では生地中にα-アミラーゼが溶出することなく、生地焼成中に乳化が破壊され、生地中にα-アミラーゼが溶出して、効力を発揮するような条件を求めることによって、有効なパン類の老化防止効果を奏する組成物の提供に関する開示がなされている。さらに特許文献2には、α-アミラーゼとアスコルビン酸を同時添加する事により、冷凍パン生地の体積増加及びフィッシュアイを出現させない品質改善効果が開示されている。 Patent Document 1 discloses that the heat resistance of α-amylase is improved by including α-amylase in an aqueous sugar solution, and the aqueous sugar solution is stably emulsified in oil and fat to form a water-in-oil type, and thereby By seeking conditions in which α-amylase does not elute into the dough during the previous bread-making process, the emulsification is destroyed during baking the dough, and α-amylase elutes into the dough and becomes effective. Disclosures have been made regarding the provision of compositions that exhibit effective anti-staling effects on breads. Further, Patent Document 2 discloses that simultaneous addition of α-amylase and ascorbic acid improves the quality of frozen bread dough by increasing its volume and preventing the appearance of fish eyes.
また、α-アミラーゼは精製された酵素製剤として利用する場合もあるが、特許文献3では、モルト末(又はエキス)をα-アミラーゼの代替としてアスコルビン酸や増粘多糖類と共にパン生地へ添加しており、生地伸展性が増し、生地切れを起こさず抗張力を有したホイロ後生地が得られる。また、冷凍生地の乾燥防止や水分保湿効果も得られ、ボリューム、風味、食感が安定である生地改良剤に関しても開示されている。 Additionally, α-amylase is sometimes used as a purified enzyme preparation, but in Patent Document 3, malt powder (or extract) is added to bread dough together with ascorbic acid and polysaccharide thickener as a substitute for α-amylase. As a result, the extensibility of the fabric increases, and a fabric after proofing that has tensile strength without causing fabric breakage can be obtained. It also discloses a dough improving agent that prevents drying of frozen dough and retains moisture, and provides stable volume, flavor, and texture.
アミラーゼ以外にも冷凍耐性及び老化防止効果に関しては、特許文献4には、冷水可溶性澱粉とリパーゼを添加してなることを特徴とするホイロ済み冷凍生地製パン法が開示されており、特許文献5には、グルコースオキシダーゼやプロテアーゼ活性を有する酵素を用いた冷凍生地改良剤が開示されている。さらに、特許文献6にはアミラーゼ以外にキシラナーゼを用いた例等が開示されており、様々な酵素によりベーカリー製品の品質改良の検討がなされている。 Regarding freezing resistance and anti-aging effects in addition to amylase, Patent Document 4 discloses a method for making bread from frozen frozen dough that is characterized by adding cold water-soluble starch and lipase; discloses a frozen dough improving agent using an enzyme having glucose oxidase or protease activity. Further, Patent Document 6 discloses an example in which xylanase is used in addition to amylase, and various enzymes are being studied to improve the quality of bakery products.
しかし、酵素の活性制御は難しく、過剰な反応による生地損傷に対しては、決定的な解決策を得られていないのが現状である。生地損傷は製品の風味や食感を損なうだけでなく、作業時に生地粘度が上昇して付着性が出てしまい、作業効率の低下が起こる問題が生じる。 However, controlling enzyme activity is difficult, and currently no definitive solution has been found to the problem of fabric damage caused by excessive reactions. Damage to the dough not only impairs the flavor and texture of the product, but also increases the viscosity of the dough during work, causing it to become sticky, resulting in a problem of reduced work efficiency.
そこで、酵素によらない品質改良方法であり、最も行われる改良方法としては、グルテンやイーストの添加量を多くしたり、水の添加量を少なくしたりする等、冷凍障害が発生しにくい配合を組む方法があるが、捏上温度を低くする等、製造工程の変更が必要であった。そこで、特許文献7には、2価の有機酸でグルテンを加熱処理した組成物を生地に添加する方法が開示されており、特許文献8には、HLB10以上の親水性ポリグリセリン脂肪酸エステルを予め粉末状態で小麦粉を主成分とするパンミックスに混合すれば、小麦粉中の蛋白質並びにでん粉等との親和性が大幅に向上し、少量であってもパンに柔らかさを付与させることができ、工業的な製パン製造及びホームベーカリー自動パン焼き機等を使用した手作りパン調理において食感の良好なパンが得られることが開示されている。
また、特許文献9によると、高品質なパン類を製造することのできる冷凍パン生地として、穀粉類100重量部に対してサイリュームシードガムを0.001~1重量部の割合で添加することにより、パン体積の低下、フィッシュアイの出現、焼色の赤色化、焼色やパン形状の不均一化、内相品質の低下、風味や食味の低下を抑制することが開示されているが、生地加工に硬さが出てしまい作業適正の低下が課題となる。
Therefore, this is a quality improvement method that does not rely on enzymes, and the most commonly used improvement method is to create a formulation that is less likely to cause freezing problems, such as increasing the amount of gluten or yeast added or decreasing the amount of water added. There is a method of assembling, but it required changes to the manufacturing process, such as lowering the kneading temperature. Therefore, Patent Document 7 discloses a method in which a composition in which gluten is heat-treated with a divalent organic acid is added to dough, and Patent Document 8 discloses a method in which a hydrophilic polyglycerol fatty acid ester with an HLB of 10 or more is added in advance to the dough. When mixed in powdered form into a bread mix whose main ingredient is wheat flour, the affinity with the proteins and starches in the flour is greatly improved, and even a small amount can impart softness to bread, making it an industrial choice. It is disclosed that bread with good texture can be obtained in traditional bread manufacturing and homemade bread cooking using an automatic bread making machine or the like in a home bakery.
Furthermore, according to Patent Document 9, frozen bread dough that can be used to produce high-quality breads is obtained by adding psyllium seed gum at a ratio of 0.001 to 1 part by weight to 100 parts by weight of flour. It has been disclosed that it suppresses the decrease in bread volume, appearance of fish eyes, reddish browning, uneven baking color and bread shape, decrease in internal phase quality, and decrease in flavor and taste, but dough processing The problem is that the material becomes hard and the workability deteriorates.
かかる現状に鑑み、既存の製造工程を変えず生地を混錬する時に、穀物粉と同時に添加する事により、簡便に冷凍耐性及び老化防止効果を有し、更に生地損傷を生じさせないベーカリー生地用品質改良剤と、冷凍耐性及び老化防止効果を有するベーカリー製品用生地の製造方法を提供する事を課題とした。 In view of this current situation, by adding grain flour at the same time as kneading the dough without changing the existing manufacturing process, we can easily create a bakery dough quality that has freeze-resistant and anti-aging effects, and also does not cause dough damage. The object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing dough for bakery products that has a improving agent and has freeze-resistant and anti-aging effects.
天然物より抽出されるエキス(天然エキス)中には複数の酵素が存在していることは公知の事実であり、エキス中の酵素は過度の反応を起こす恐れがある為、本発明者らは、モルトエキスの中でも酵素活性を有しないモルトエキスに着目した。そして、モルトエキスはアミラーゼを有している事から、本発明者らは、アミラーゼ活性(酵素活性)を有しないモルトエキスを選択し、前記課題を解決するために発明者らは鋭意検討を重ねた結果、アミラーゼ活性を有しないモルトエキスを所定の割合で、ベーカリー製品の必須原材料である小麦粉等の穀物粉に生地調整段階で加える事により、生地ダレを起こさず成形性に優れ、生地の冷解凍に伴う凍結損傷を抑え、更に老化現象を防止する効果が発揮されることを見出し、本発明を完成させるに至った。 It is a well-known fact that multiple enzymes are present in extracts extracted from natural products (natural extracts), and the enzymes in extracts may cause excessive reactions, so the present inventors Among malt extracts, we focused on malt extracts that do not have enzymatic activity. Since malt extract contains amylase, the present inventors selected a malt extract that does not have amylase activity (enzyme activity), and in order to solve the above problem, the inventors conducted extensive studies. As a result, by adding a predetermined proportion of malt extract that does not have amylase activity to grain flour such as wheat flour, which is an essential raw material for bakery products, during the dough preparation stage, the dough does not sag and has excellent formability, and the dough can be easily cooled. The present inventors have discovered that it is effective in suppressing freeze damage caused by thawing and further preventing aging phenomena, and have completed the present invention.
すなわち、本発明は以下の構成を有する。
〔1〕ベーカリー製品用生地に添加した際に、冷凍耐性及び老化防止効果を発揮する品質改良剤であって、当該品質改良剤が、酵素活性を有しないモルトエキスを含有し、前記ベーカリー製品用生地に含まれるでん粉質に対して前記モルトエキスが0.045~0.60重量%の割合で配合されることを特徴とするベーカリー生地用品質改良剤。
〔2〕前記品質改良剤が、さらに難消化性多糖類を含み、当該難消化性多糖類の配合割合が、前記モルトエキス1重量部に対して3~19重量部であることを特徴とする〔1〕に記載のベーカリー生地用品質改良剤。
〔3〕前記品質改良剤が、さらに乳化剤を含み、当該乳化剤の配合割合が、前記モルトエキス1重量部に対して8重量部以下であることを特徴とする〔1〕又は〔2〕に記載のベーカリー生地用品質改良剤。
〔4〕冷凍されたベーカリー製品用生地であって、当該ベーカリー製品用生地に含まれるでん粉質に対して前記モルトエキスが0.045~0.60重量%の割合となるように、〔1〕~〔3〕のいずれかに記載のベーカリー生地用品質改良剤が練り込まれていることを特徴とする冷凍ベーカリー生地。
〔5〕〔4〕に記載の冷凍ベーカリー生地を使用したベーカリー製品。
〔6〕冷凍耐性及び老化防止効果を有するベーカリー製品用生地の製造方法であって、当該製造方法が、ベーカリー製品用生地に、酵素活性を有しないモルトエキスを含有する品質改良剤を、前記ベーカリー製品用生地に含まれるでん粉質に対して前記モルトエキスが0.045~0.60重量%の割合となるように配合し、混錬を行うことを含むベーカリー製品用生地の製造方法。
〔7〕難消化性多糖類を、前記モルトエキス1重量部に対して3~19重量部配合することを特徴とする〔6〕に記載のベーカリー製品用生地の製造方法。
〔8〕乳化剤を、前記モルトエキス1重量部に対して8重量部以下の量にて配合することを特徴とする〔6〕又は〔7〕に記載のベーカリー製品用生地の製造方法。
That is, the present invention has the following configuration.
[1] A quality improver that exhibits freezing resistance and anti-aging effects when added to dough for bakery products, the quality improver containing malt extract having no enzyme activity; A quality improver for bakery dough, characterized in that the malt extract is blended in a proportion of 0.045 to 0.60% by weight based on the starch contained in the dough.
[2] The quality improver further contains an indigestible polysaccharide, and the blending ratio of the indigestible polysaccharide is 3 to 19 parts by weight per 1 part by weight of the malt extract. The quality improver for bakery dough according to [1].
[3] According to [1] or [2], the quality improver further includes an emulsifier, and the blending ratio of the emulsifier is 8 parts by weight or less per 1 part by weight of the malt extract. A quality improver for bakery dough.
[4] Frozen dough for bakery products, such that the malt extract is in a proportion of 0.045 to 0.60% by weight based on the starch contained in the dough for bakery products, [1] - A frozen bakery dough characterized by being kneaded with the quality improver for bakery dough according to any one of [3].
[5] A bakery product using the frozen bakery dough according to [4].
[6] A method for producing dough for bakery products having freezing resistance and anti-aging effects, which method comprises adding a quality improver containing a malt extract having no enzyme activity to the dough for bakery products. A method for producing dough for bakery products, comprising blending the malt extract in a proportion of 0.045 to 0.60% by weight with respect to starch contained in the dough for products, and kneading.
[7] The method for producing dough for bakery products according to [6], characterized in that 3 to 19 parts by weight of indigestible polysaccharides are blended per 1 part by weight of the malt extract.
[8] The method for producing dough for bakery products according to [6] or [7], wherein the emulsifier is blended in an amount of 8 parts by weight or less per 1 part by weight of the malt extract.
本発明においては、ベーカリー製品に必須な主原材料である小麦粉等の穀物粉に対して、アミラーゼ酵素活性を有しないモルトエキスを過不足無く添加して混錬し生地を調整することにより、生地混練作業適正を損なう付着粘性の上昇を抑制すると共に、生地を凍結させても凍結に伴う生地損傷が抑制され、老化防止効果を有する冷凍ベーカリー生地及び冷凍ベーカリー製品を提供する事ができる。
本発明のベーカリー生地用品質改良剤は、酵素を配合しておらず、成形時のべたつきが少なく、焼成時のガスの保持力が高く、窯伸び増大効果に優れている。そして、本発明の品質改良剤を用いた場合には、腰もちが高くなり、好ましい丸みを帯びた外観に焼きあがり、クラムが均一で厚さの薄い構造を有したベーカリー製品が製造できる。
In the present invention, malt extract that does not have amylase enzyme activity is added to grain flour such as wheat flour, which is the main raw material essential for bakery products, in just the right amount and kneaded to prepare the dough. In addition to suppressing an increase in adhesive viscosity that impairs workability, even when the dough is frozen, damage to the dough due to freezing is suppressed, and frozen bakery dough and frozen bakery products having an anti-aging effect can be provided.
The quality improver for bakery dough of the present invention does not contain enzymes, has little stickiness during molding, has high gas retention during baking, and is excellent in increasing kiln elongation. When the quality improver of the present invention is used, it is possible to produce a bakery product that has a high elasticity, a desirable rounded appearance, and a structure with uniform crumbs and a thin thickness.
〔ベーカリー生地用品質改良剤〕
本発明のベーカリー生地用品質改良剤に配合されるモルトエキスは、麦芽を糖化させ濃縮させたエキスであり、でん粉質の加水分解を促進させる酵素であるアミラーゼ活性を有しないモルトエキスである。このようなモルトエキスは、液状や粉末等その性状に関わらず用いる事が出来るが、粉末又は顆粒状のものが望ましい。
[Quality improver for bakery dough]
The malt extract blended into the quality improver for bakery dough of the present invention is an extract obtained by saccharifying and concentrating malt, and is a malt extract that does not have amylase activity, which is an enzyme that promotes the hydrolysis of starchy substances. Such malt extracts can be used regardless of their properties, such as liquid or powder, but powder or granule forms are preferable.
アミラーゼ活性を有しないモルトエキスとは、第十八改日本薬局方消化力試験法のでんぷん糖化力測定法及びでんぷん糊精化力測定法のいずれの測定方法においても活性を認めないモルトエキス(でんぷん糖化力:0.0U/g、でんぷん糊精化力:0.0U/g)を言い、例えば、モルトエキスプロダクト社製の「ドライモルト エキストラクト」等を利用することができる。 Malt extracts that do not have amylase activity are malt extracts that do not have any activity in either the starch saccharification power measurement method of the 18th revised Japanese Pharmacopoeia Digestion Test Method or the starch paste refining power measurement method. Saccharifying power: 0.0 U/g, starch refining power: 0.0 U/g), and for example, "Dry Malt Extract" manufactured by Malt Extract Products Co., Ltd. can be used.
本発明のベーカリー生地用品質改良剤は、当該品質改良剤中に配合されたアミラーゼ活性を有しないモルトエキスが、ベーカリー製品用生地に含まれるでん粉質に対して0.045~0.60重量%(でん粉質100重量部に対して0.045~0.60重量部)となる量にて使用される。なおこの添加割合は、でん粉質に対して0.05~0.55重量%であることが好ましく、0.07~0.50重量%であることがより好ましい。 In the quality improving agent for bakery dough of the present invention, the malt extract having no amylase activity blended into the quality improving agent is 0.045 to 0.60% by weight based on the starch contained in the dough for bakery products. (0.045 to 0.60 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of starch). The addition ratio is preferably 0.05 to 0.55% by weight, more preferably 0.07 to 0.50% by weight based on the starch.
本発明のベーカリー生地用品質改良剤には、難消化性多糖類が配合されることが好ましく、配合される難消化性多糖類は特に限定されないが、酵素活性を有しないモルトエキスと併用することにより更なる作業適正向上効果や老化防止効果を向上させる効果を有した食物繊維である事が好ましい。
このような食物繊維としては、例えば、大豆由来、エンドウ由来、緑豆由来、柑橘由来、グァー種子由来、コンニャク由来、キク科植物由来のもの等が挙げられ、特にサイリウム種皮由来の食物繊維が好ましい。このような食物繊維としては、食品素材又は食品添加物として取り扱われている市販品を利用することができる。サイリウム種皮由来の食物繊維は、オオバコ科の植物であるブロンドサイリウムの種皮から得られるものであり、サイリウムシードガム、サイリウムハスク末、オオバコ種皮などと呼ばれ、多糖類を主成分とし、市販品を利用することができる。
The quality improver for bakery dough of the present invention preferably contains an indigestible polysaccharide, and the indigestible polysaccharide to be blended is not particularly limited, but it may be used in combination with a malt extract that does not have enzyme activity. It is preferable that the dietary fiber has the effect of further improving work suitability and anti-aging effect.
Examples of such dietary fibers include those derived from soybeans, peas, mung beans, citrus fruits, guar seeds, konjac, and Asteraceae plants, with dietary fibers derived from psyllium seed coats being particularly preferred. As such dietary fiber, commercially available products that are treated as food materials or food additives can be used. Dietary fiber derived from psyllium seed coat is obtained from the seed coat of blonde psyllium, which is a plant of the Plantago family. can be used.
本発明における上記の難消化性多糖類の添加割合は、モルトエキス1重量部に対して3~19重量部が好ましく、4~17重量部がさらに好ましく、5~15重量部がより好ましい。 The addition ratio of the indigestible polysaccharide in the present invention is preferably 3 to 19 parts by weight, more preferably 4 to 17 parts by weight, and even more preferably 5 to 15 parts by weight per part by weight of malt extract.
さらに、本発明のベーカリー生地用品質改良剤には、上記のモルトエキスと難消化性多糖類に加えて乳化剤が配合されることが好ましく、乳化剤には、冷凍耐性を付与する効果があり、冷凍耐性を更に向上させる目的で使用することができる。
このような乳化剤の種類については特に限定されないが、HLBが7以上のポリグリセリン脂肪酸エステルが好ましく、冷凍耐性効果を向上させる目的で使用する場合、乳化剤特有の風味によりベーカリー製品に好ましくない風味が付与されるため、乳化剤の配合割合は、モルトエキス1重量部に対して8重量部以下である事が好ましく、6.5重量部以下がさらに好ましく、冷凍耐性を向上させるのに5重量部以下の添加がより好ましい。
Furthermore, the quality improver for bakery dough of the present invention preferably contains an emulsifier in addition to the malt extract and indigestible polysaccharide, and the emulsifier has the effect of imparting freezing resistance. It can be used to further improve resistance.
The type of emulsifier is not particularly limited, but polyglycerin fatty acid esters with an HLB of 7 or more are preferred, and when used for the purpose of improving freezing resistance, the unique flavor of the emulsifier imparts an unfavorable flavor to bakery products. Therefore, the blending ratio of the emulsifier is preferably 8 parts by weight or less, more preferably 6.5 parts by weight or less, and 5 parts by weight or less to improve freezing resistance. Addition is more preferred.
本発明によるベーカリー生地用品質改良剤には、上記のモルトエキス、難消化性多糖類、乳化剤の他に、有機酸又はその塩類や、無機酸又はその塩類、食塩、砂糖、香辛料、香辛料抽出物、香料、甘味料、ミネラル類、デキストリン等の調味や賦形剤等が配合されても良く、粉末状又は顆粒で提供される事が好ましいが、液状で提供されてもよい。 In addition to the above-mentioned malt extract, indigestible polysaccharide, and emulsifier, the quality improver for bakery dough according to the present invention includes organic acids or their salts, inorganic acids or their salts, salt, sugar, spices, and spice extracts. , flavorings, sweeteners, minerals, dextrin, and other seasonings and excipients may be added, and is preferably provided in powder or granule form, but may also be provided in liquid form.
本発明のベーカリー生地用品質改良剤が添加されるでん粉質は、ベーカリー生地に使用するでん粉質であれば特に限定されない。一般的には強力粉(でん粉質:70.6重量%)、全粒粉(でん粉質:68.2重量%)等小麦由来の穀物粉が使用される事が多いが、米粉(でん粉質:81.9重量%)、トウモロコシ粉(でん粉質:76.1重量%)、ライ麦粉(でん粉質:75.8重量%)など、由来原料に関わらずベーカリー製品用生地を製造できるでん粉質を含む原材料であれば特に限定されない。 The quality of starch to which the quality improver for bakery dough of the present invention is added is not particularly limited as long as it is used for bakery dough. Generally, wheat-derived grain flours such as strong flour (starch content: 70.6% by weight) and whole grain flour (starch content: 68.2% by weight) are often used, but rice flour (starch content: 81.9% by weight) is often used. Any raw material containing starch that can be used to produce dough for bakery products regardless of its origin, such as corn flour (starch: 76.1 wt%), rye flour (starch: 75.8 wt%) There are no particular limitations.
本発明によるベーカリー生地用品質改良剤は、ホイロ(二次発酵)前又はホイロ後の冷凍ベーカリー生地に使用してもよく、特に限定されるものではない。また、冷蔵ベーカリー生地、焼成ベーカリー製品、半焼成冷凍ベーカリー製品、焼成冷凍ベーカリー製品等にも使用可能である。 The quality improver for bakery dough according to the present invention may be used for frozen bakery dough before or after baking (secondary fermentation), and is not particularly limited. It can also be used for refrigerated bakery dough, baked bakery products, semi-baked frozen bakery products, baked frozen bakery products, etc.
〔ベーカリー製品用生地〕
本発明におけるベーカリー製品用生地とは、ベーカリー製品を製造するための生地であって、前記ベーカリー生地用品質改良剤が練り込まれたものである。ベーカリー製品用生地の例としては、例えば、パン生地、ピザ生地、ドーナッツ生地、クッキー生地、パイ生地、スポンジ生地、シュー生地、中華まん生地等があるが、特に制限されるものではなくベーカリー製品用生地であればよい。
[Dough for bakery products]
The dough for bakery products in the present invention is dough for manufacturing bakery products, and is kneaded with the quality improving agent for bakery dough. Examples of dough for bakery products include bread dough, pizza dough, donut dough, cookie dough, pie dough, sponge dough, choux dough, Chinese steamed bun dough, etc., but there are no particular limitations on the dough. Good to have.
〔ベーカリー製品用生地の製造方法〕
冷凍耐性及び老化防止効果を有するベーカリー製品用生地を製造するための本発明の製造方法では、酵素活性を有しないモルトエキスを含有する品質改良剤を準備し、この品質改良剤を、ベーカリー製品用生地に含まれるでん粉質に対して前記モルトエキスが0.045~0.60重量%となるように配合し、混錬を行い、ベーカリー製品用生地を製造する。本発明によるベーカリー製品用生地の製造方法としては、ストレート法、中種法、発酵種法等のベーカリー製品を製造可能な方法であれば、特に限定されず、様々な方法を用いることができる。
この際、前述の難消化性多糖類を、モルトエキス1重量部に対して3~19重量部配合することが好ましく、前述の乳化剤を、モルトエキス1重量部に対して8重量部以下の割合で配合することがより好ましく、これによって、作業適性を高めることができ、優れた冷凍耐性及び老化防止効果が得られる。
[Method for manufacturing dough for bakery products]
In the production method of the present invention for producing dough for bakery products having freezing resistance and antiaging effect, a quality improver containing malt extract having no enzyme activity is prepared, and this quality improver is added to the dough for bakery products. The malt extract is blended in an amount of 0.045 to 0.60% by weight based on the starch contained in the dough, and kneaded to produce dough for bakery products. The method for producing dough for bakery products according to the present invention is not particularly limited, and various methods can be used as long as they are capable of producing bakery products, such as a straight method, a dough method, and a fermented dough method.
At this time, it is preferable to mix 3 to 19 parts by weight of the above-mentioned indigestible polysaccharide with respect to 1 part by weight of malt extract, and mix the above-mentioned emulsifier in a proportion of 8 parts by weight or less with respect to 1 part by weight of malt extract. It is more preferable to blend it with the above ingredients, thereby improving workability and providing excellent freezing resistance and anti-aging effects.
〔冷凍ベーカリー生地〕
本発明の冷凍ベーカリー生地は、前記ベーカリー製品用生地を冷凍したものであり、上記の製造方法により得られたベーカリー製品用生地を冷凍することにより冷凍ベーカリー生地を製造することができる。
本発明では、この冷凍ベーカリー生地をその後、解凍し、焼成することによりベーカリー製品を製造することができる。あるいは、前述のようにしてベーカリー製品用生地を製造した後、このベーカリー製品用生地を成型し、半焼成又は焼成を行い、その後、冷凍を行うことによって、半焼成又は焼成冷凍ベーカリー製品を製造することもできる。
[Frozen bakery dough]
The frozen bakery dough of the present invention is obtained by freezing the dough for bakery products described above, and the frozen bakery dough can be produced by freezing the dough for bakery products obtained by the above manufacturing method.
In the present invention, bakery products can be manufactured by subsequently thawing and baking this frozen bakery dough. Alternatively, after producing dough for bakery products as described above, the dough for bakery products is shaped, semi-baked or baked, and then frozen to produce semi-baked or baked frozen bakery products. You can also do that.
本発明の冷凍ベーカリー生地を用いて製造されるベーカリー製品は、ベーカリー製品であれば特に限定されないが、パン、ピザ、ドーナッツ、クッキー、パイ、スポンジ、シュー、中華まん等のベーカリー製品をいう。 Bakery products manufactured using the frozen bakery dough of the present invention are not particularly limited as long as they are bakery products, and include bakery products such as bread, pizza, donuts, cookies, pies, sponges, choux, and Chinese steamed buns.
以下、本発明を、丸パンを例として実施例により説明するが、本発明はそれにより制限されるものではない。 Hereinafter, the present invention will be explained with reference to examples using round bread as an example, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
〔モルトエキス〕
本発明の丸パン製造に使用するモルトエキスは、モルトエキスプロダクト社製「ドライモルト エキストラクト」を使用した。
[Malt extract]
The malt extract used in the production of round bread of the present invention was "Dry Malt Extract" manufactured by Malt Extract Products.
酵素活性の有無を調べるために、モルトエキス1.0%溶液をpH5.0の1mol/L酢酸・酢酸ナトリウム緩衝液にて調製し、第十八改日本薬局方消化力試験のでんぷん糖化力測定法にて測定し、基質液を加えない滴定値と同等であることを確認した(0.0U/g)。また、同じくモルトエキス1.0%水溶液を用いて、第十八改日本薬局方消化力試験のでんぷん糊精化力測定法においても活性を有しないことを確認し(0.0U/g)、本発明の実施例に使用する酵素活性を有しないモルトエキスとした。
また、比較対象としてディアマルテリア・イタリアーナ社製「ディアマルテリア ユーロモルト ブリオ」も同様に、第十八改日本薬局方消化力試験のでんぷん糖化力測定法及びでんぷん糊精化力測定法にて酵素活性を測定した結果、第十八改日本薬局方消化力試験のでんぷん糖化力測定法では35.1U/g、でんぷん糊精化力測定法では144.3U/gの酵素活性を有することを確認し、比較例2に使用する酵素活性を有するモルトエキスとした。
In order to examine the presence or absence of enzyme activity, a 1.0% solution of malt extract was prepared in a 1 mol/L acetic acid/sodium acetate buffer solution with a pH of 5.0, and the starch saccharification power measurement of the 18th revised Japanese Pharmacopoeia Digestion Test was conducted. It was confirmed that the titration value was the same as that obtained without adding the substrate solution (0.0 U/g). In addition, using the same 1.0% aqueous solution of malt extract, we confirmed that it had no activity in the starch refining power measurement method of the 18th revised Japanese Pharmacopoeia Digestion Test (0.0 U/g). A malt extract without enzyme activity was used in the examples of the present invention.
In addition, as a comparison target, Diamarteria Euromalt Brio manufactured by Diamarteria Italiana was similarly tested in the 18th revised Japanese Pharmacopoeia Digestion Test, starch saccharification power measurement method and starch paste refining power measurement method. As a result of measuring the enzyme activity, it was found that the enzyme activity was 35.1 U/g according to the starch saccharification power measurement method of the 18th revised Japanese Pharmacopoeia Digestion Test, and 144.3 U/g according to the starch saccharification power measurement method. This was confirmed, and a malt extract having enzyme activity was used in Comparative Example 2.
〔丸パン生地の製造と作業適正評価〕
強力粉(株式会社ニップン製「強力小麦粉」)、砂糖、脱脂粉乳、食塩、ドライイースト、サイリウムシードガム(三栄薬品貿易株式会社製「殺菌サイリウムハスク末」)、乳化剤(阪本薬品工業株式会社製「SYグリスターGP-120」、HLB 10.2)、モルトエキス(モルトエキスプロダクト社製「ドライモルト エキストラクト」)、食用なたね油(日清オイリオグループ株式会社「日清キャノーラ油」)を用い、ドライイースト以外の粉体原料はすべて事前に混合し一剤化した。
象印マホービン(株)製 ホームベーカリー BB-HB10に液体原料(水及び植物油脂)を、次いで一剤化した粉体原料を入れ、さらにドライイーストを入れたのち、「パン・ピザ生地コース」を選択し、図1に示される工程に従い、丸パンの生地を調製、凍結した。なお、分割は40g±1g、凍結は-20℃設定冷凍庫にて緩慢凍結した。
[Manufacture of round bread dough and evaluation of work suitability]
Strong flour (“Strong Flour” manufactured by Nippun Co., Ltd.), sugar, skim milk powder, salt, dry yeast, psyllium seed gum (“Sterilized Psyllium Husk Powder” manufactured by Sanei Pharmaceutical Trading Co., Ltd.), emulsifier (“SY” manufactured by Sakamoto Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.) Glister GP-120", HLB 10.2), malt extract ("Dry Malt Extract" manufactured by Malt Extract Products Co., Ltd.), edible rapeseed oil (Nissin Oilio Group Co., Ltd. "Nissin Canola Oil"), except for dry yeast. All of the powder raw materials were mixed in advance and made into a single formulation.
Home Bakery BB-HB10 manufactured by Zojirushi Mahobin Co., Ltd., put the liquid ingredients (water and vegetable oil), then the powdered ingredients, then add the dry yeast, and then select the "Bread/Pizza Dough Course". According to the steps shown in FIG. 1, round bread dough was prepared and frozen. The portion was divided into 40 g ± 1 g and frozen slowly in a freezer set at -20°C.
作業適正の評価は、生地分割時に熟練した作業者が以下のパン生地作業適正の評価基準に従い、二重盲検法を用いて実施した。 The evaluation of the suitability of the work was carried out by an experienced worker at the time of dividing the dough, using a double-blind test method, in accordance with the following evaluation criteria for the suitability of the bread dough work.
〈パン生地の作業適正評価基準〉
A:生地の付着性が非常に低く、作業適正が極めて良い
B:生地の付着性が低く、作業適正が良い
C:生地の付着性はややあるが、作業適正に問題はない
D:生地の付着性が高い又は固く、作業適正が悪い
E:生地の付着性が非常に高い又は非常に固く、作業適正が極めて悪い
〈Standards for evaluating the appropriateness of bread dough work〉
A: The adhesion of the fabric is very low, and the workability is extremely good.B: The adhesion of the fabric is low, and the workability is good.C: The adhesion of the fabric is somewhat good, but there is no problem with the workability.D: The adhesion of the fabric is High adhesion or hardness, poor working suitability E: Very high adhesion or very hard fabric, very poor working suitability
〔冷凍耐性及び老化防止効果評価方法〕
凍結後7日間冷凍保存した丸パン生地を、図2に示される工程に従い、丸パン生地を解凍焼成し、丸パンの冷凍耐性評価及び老化防止効果を以下の方法により評価した。なお、丸パン生地解凍は恒温恒湿機を用いて温度27℃、湿度95%にて30分間、ホイロは温度35℃、湿度85%にて40分間実施した。なお、焼成は上火及び下火を180℃に設定したオーブンにて10分間実施した。焼成後1時間常温下で放冷後、さらに24時間放置した後に、冷凍耐性及び老化防止効果を評価した。
[Evaluation method for freezing resistance and anti-aging effect]
The round bread dough was frozen and stored for 7 days after freezing, and the round bread dough was thawed and baked according to the process shown in FIG. 2, and the freezing resistance and aging prevention effect of the round bread were evaluated by the following method. The round bread dough was thawed using a constant temperature and humidity machine at a temperature of 27° C. and a humidity of 95% for 30 minutes, and the dough was thawed at a temperature of 35° C. and a humidity of 85% for 40 minutes. The baking was carried out for 10 minutes in an oven with upper and lower heat set at 180°C. After baking, the pieces were allowed to cool at room temperature for 1 hour, and then left for another 24 hours, and then the freezing resistance and anti-aging effects were evaluated.
冷凍耐性評価は、冷凍耐性が劣るとパンの比容積が小さくなるため、菜種置換法にて評価し、さらに外観的にも丸みが無くなることから、図3に示した測定方法にて腰もちの評価を行った。 Freezing resistance was evaluated using the rapeseed substitution method, since poor freezing resistance would result in a smaller specific volume of the bread.Furthermore, since the bread would lose its roundness in appearance, the measurement method shown in Figure 3 was used to evaluate the elasticity. We conducted an evaluation.
以上の丸パンの比容積測定の結果、腰もち評価結果の合計値を基に、冷凍耐性評価を行った。その際の評価基準は、表1記載の冷凍耐性評価の通りである。 Freezing resistance was evaluated based on the total value of the results of the specific volume measurement of the round bread and the chewy evaluation results. The evaluation criteria at that time were as shown in Table 1 for the evaluation of freezing resistance.
老化防止効果に関しては、でん粉の老化によりパンが硬くなってしまうため、食感評価について訓練されたパネラー8名により、比較例1に対する各検体の評価について一対比較法を用い、食感による丸パン内層部のやわらかさの官能試験を実施した(比較例1を0(=Control)とした時、各検体の評価を、固い-3~柔らかい+3で採点した)。
さらに、でん粉の老化によりパンが硬くなることに加えて保水性も下がり、俗に言うしっとり感がなくなるため、やわらかさの官能試験に加え、しっとり感も同様に官能試験を実施した(パサつき-3~しっとり+3)。また、でん粉の老化により丸パンの好ましい丸みが無くなることから、腰もちに関しても老化防止効果の評価項目とした。
Regarding the anti-aging effect, since bread becomes hard due to aging of starch, eight panelists trained in texture evaluation used the paired comparison method to evaluate each sample against Comparative Example 1. A sensory test of the softness of the inner layer was conducted (when Comparative Example 1 was set as 0 (=Control), each sample was evaluated from -3 for hard to +3 for soft).
Furthermore, aging of starch not only makes the bread hard, but also reduces water retention, causing the bread to lose its moist feel. 3~Moist +3). In addition, since the desirable roundness of round bread is lost due to the aging of starch, chewiness was also included as an evaluation item for the anti-aging effect.
なお、官能評価では呈味に関する自由記載によるアンケートも実施し、不快な風味等に関する調査も実施した。 In the sensory evaluation, a free-text questionnaire regarding taste was also conducted, and a survey regarding unpleasant flavors was also conducted.
丸パンのやわらかさ及びしっとり感の官能試験評価、腰もち評価結果の合計値を基に、老化防止効果の評価を行った。その際の評価基準は、表2記載の老化防止効果評価の通りである。 The anti-aging effect was evaluated based on the total value of the sensory test evaluation of the softness and moistness of the round bread and the elasticity evaluation results. The evaluation criteria at that time are as shown in Table 2 for the anti-aging effect evaluation.
〔試験1〕モルトエキスの酵素活性確認試験 [Test 1] Malt extract enzyme activity confirmation test
酵素活性を有するモルトエキスを添加した比較例2は、冷凍耐性に関しては比較例1より改善する結果が得られたが、作業時の付着粘性が高く、作業適正が著しく低かった。これに対して酵素活性を有しないモルトエキスを添加した実施例2は、生地の付着性がほぼ無く、問題のない程度の作業適正であった。さらに、冷凍耐性及び老化防止についても有効性が確認された。 Comparative Example 2, in which a malt extract having enzyme activity was added, had better freezing resistance than Comparative Example 1, but the adhesion viscosity during operation was high and the suitability for operation was extremely low. On the other hand, in Example 2, in which a malt extract having no enzyme activity was added, there was almost no adhesion of the dough, and the workability was satisfactory. Furthermore, effectiveness in freezing resistance and aging prevention was also confirmed.
〔試験2〕モルトエキスの添加量検討試験 [Test 2] Malt extract addition amount study test
表6の結果より、比較例1と比較した場合、実施例1~3においてパン生地の作業適正が問題の無い程度まで改善され、冷解凍したのちに焼成した丸パンも、図4の写真の通りふっくらと大きく膨らみ、腰もちが高く好ましい丸みを帯びており、冷凍耐性を有する結果が得られた。さらに、食感についても比較例1と比較してやわらかくしっとりとしており、適度に老化現象を抑制していることから、老化防止効果を有する事が証明された。 From the results in Table 6, when compared with Comparative Example 1, the workability of the bread dough in Examples 1 to 3 was improved to the extent that there was no problem, and the round bread baked after being frozen and thawed was also as shown in the photo in Figure 4. The result was that it swelled up, had a good elasticity, had a desirable roundness, and was resistant to freezing. Furthermore, the texture was softer and moister than that of Comparative Example 1, and the aging phenomenon was moderately suppressed, proving that it has an anti-aging effect.
しかし、比較例4の様に酵素活性を有しないモルトエキスの添加量を増加させても、生地の粘性が高まり作業適正が劣ってしまうため、酵素活性を有しないモルトエキスは適切な添加量の範囲において、作業適正の向上、冷凍耐性効果及び老化防止効果を有する事が明らかとなった。 However, even if the amount of malt extract without enzyme activity is increased as in Comparative Example 4, the viscosity of the dough increases and the workability becomes poor. It has been found that within this range, it has an improvement in work suitability, a freezing resistance effect, and an anti-aging effect.
〔試験3〕難消化性多糖類(サイリウムシードガム)の添加量検討試験 [Test 3] Addition amount study test of indigestible polysaccharide (psyllium seed gum)
表8の結果より、実施例2は、酵素活性を有しないモルトエキス添加により比較例1と比較して作業適正と冷凍耐性及び老化防止効果を有しているが、実施例4~6においてパン生地の付着性が低減され、作業適正が飛躍的に改善されたほか、図5の写真の通り、パン生地を冷解凍後に焼成した丸パンにおいても、大きく膨らみ、且つ丸みを維持して腰もちが高く好ましい外観となっており、冷凍耐性を有する効果が得られた。さらに、食感についても、実施例4~6は、実施例2と比較してやわらかく、しっとり感があるという評価を受けており、酵素活性を有しないモルトエキスに難消化性多糖類を添加する事によりパン生地の作業適正及び老化防止の効果が一層高まっている事が証明された。 From the results in Table 8, Example 2 has better workability, freezing resistance, and antiaging effects than Comparative Example 1 due to the addition of malt extract that does not have enzyme activity, but in Examples 4 to 6, bread dough In addition, as shown in the photo in Figure 5, even round bread baked after freezing and thawing the dough expands greatly, maintains its roundness, and has a high elasticity. It had a favorable appearance and had the effect of having freezing resistance. Furthermore, in terms of texture, Examples 4 to 6 were evaluated as having a softer and moister texture compared to Example 2. As a result, it has been proven that the bread dough is more suitable for working and the aging prevention effect is further improved.
一方、難消化性多糖類の添加量が多すぎるとパン生地が固くなり、生地伸展性が低下するため作業適正が悪くなる傾向が見られた。また、生地の伸展性を欠いた影響により比容積が小さい値となる傾向が見られたことから、酵素活性を有しないモルトエキスに難消化性多糖類を添加する場合は、モルトエキス1重量部に対して19重量部以下とすることが、作業適正の向上及び老化防止効果に優れた効果を得る上で好ましい。 On the other hand, if the amount of indigestible polysaccharide added was too large, the bread dough became hard and the extensibility of the dough decreased, which tended to impair work suitability. In addition, it was found that the specific volume tended to be small due to the lack of extensibility of the dough, so when adding indigestible polysaccharides to malt extract that does not have enzyme activity, 1 part by weight of malt extract It is preferable that the amount is 19 parts by weight or less, in order to improve work suitability and obtain excellent anti-aging effects.
〔試験4〕乳化剤の添加量検討試験 [Test 4] Emulsifier addition amount study test
表10の結果より、実施例5でも比較例1と比較して優れた作業適正や冷凍耐性及び老化防止効果を有しているが、更なる各種効果の向上を試みるため、乳化剤の検討を実施した結果、実施例7、8及び9のいずれの検体においてもパン生地の付着性が非常に低く、作業適正が極めて高い事が分かった。さらに、図6の写真の通り実施例5と比較して、実施例7、8及び9において、パンが大きく膨らみ比容積が増大することが確認され、外観についても好ましい丸みを帯びており、冷凍耐性が極めて高くなっていることが証明された。加えて、食感についてもやわらかく、しっとり感に対する評価が極めて高く、非常に高い老化防止効果を有していることが明らかとなったことから、酵素活性を有しないモルトエキスに対する難消化性多糖類及び乳化剤の併用添加は、非常に優れた冷凍耐性及び老化防止効果を発揮することが判明した。 From the results in Table 10, Example 5 also has superior work suitability, freezing resistance, and anti-aging effects compared to Comparative Example 1, but in order to try to further improve various effects, we conducted a study on emulsifiers. As a result, it was found that all of the samples of Examples 7, 8, and 9 had very low adhesion to the dough and were extremely suitable for work. Furthermore, as shown in the photograph in Fig. 6, it was confirmed that the breads in Examples 7, 8, and 9 swelled significantly and the specific volume increased compared to Example 5, and the appearance also had a desirable roundness and It has been proven that the resistance is extremely high. In addition, it has been found that the texture is extremely soft and moist, and it has been found to have an extremely high anti-aging effect. It has been found that the combined addition of an emulsifier and an emulsifier exhibits excellent freezing resistance and anti-aging effects.
しかしながら、実施例9においては、官能評価の際に実施した自由記載のアンケートで「喫食時に異味を感じる」という意見が散見されたことから、実施例9で用いた乳化剤の添加量はやや過剰であると思われ、実施例9より少ない添加量(即ち、モルトエキス1重量部に対して8重量部以下)とすることが、食味に関してもより品質の高いパンを製造する上で好ましい。
上記の試験結果から、酵素活性を有しないモルトエキスに難消化性多糖類及び乳化剤を過不足なく添加することにより、作業適正や冷凍耐性及び老化防止効果が画期的に優れた冷凍ベーカリー製品を製造できることが明らかとなった。
However, in Example 9, the amount of emulsifier used in Example 9 was slightly excessive, as there were some opinions that "I feel a strange taste when eating" in the free-text questionnaire conducted during the sensory evaluation. Therefore, it is preferable to add a smaller amount than in Example 9 (ie, 8 parts by weight or less per 1 part by weight of malt extract) in order to produce bread with higher quality in terms of taste.
From the above test results, by adding the right amount of indigestible polysaccharide and emulsifier to malt extract that does not have enzyme activity, we can create frozen bakery products that are revolutionary in terms of workability, freezing resistance, and anti-aging effects. It has become clear that it can be manufactured.
酵素活性を有しないモルトエキスを所定の割合で含む本発明のベーカリー生地用品質改良剤を、ベーカリー製品を製造する生地に添加することによって、既存の製造工程を変えず冷凍耐性や老化防止効果を付与することができる。さらに、難消化性多糖類及び/又は乳化剤を配合することにより、作業適正や冷凍耐性及び老化防止効果を各段に向上させることが可能なベーカリー生地用品質改良剤が提供できる。
また、ベーカリー製品用生地に本発明のベーカリー生地用品質改良剤を添加・混錬する事により、冷凍耐性及び老化防止効果を有する冷凍ベーカリー生地及び製品を提供することができ、本発明の製造方法は、各種ベーカリー製品を製造するのに有用である。
By adding the quality improver for bakery dough of the present invention, which contains a predetermined proportion of malt extract that does not have enzyme activity, to the dough for manufacturing bakery products, it is possible to improve freezing resistance and anti-aging effects without changing the existing manufacturing process. can be granted. Furthermore, by incorporating an indigestible polysaccharide and/or an emulsifier, it is possible to provide a quality improver for bakery dough that can significantly improve workability, freezing resistance, and anti-aging effects.
Further, by adding and kneading the quality improver for bakery dough of the present invention to dough for bakery products, frozen bakery dough and products having freezing resistance and anti-aging effects can be provided, and the manufacturing method of the present invention are useful in manufacturing a variety of bakery products.
a 丸パンの幅の長さ
b 丸パンの底辺の鉄板と接した部分の幅の長さ
a Length of the width of the round bread b Length of the width of the bottom of the round bread that touches the iron plate
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