JP2023119310A - Agricultural implement - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide an agricultural implement equipped with a fertility sensor simple in constitution and excellent in maintainability solving a problem with a conventional fertility sensor provided to right and left front wheels driven and rotated, which is complicated in constitution and poor in maintainability, for a riding type rice transplanter equipped with a variable fertilizer application device for automatically adjusting a fertilizer application amount of a fertilizer application device according to a result of the detection by a fertility sensor for detecting fertilizer concentration in a farm field.SOLUTION: There is provided an agricultural implement in which a work part 4 and a fertilizer application device 100 in which a fertilizer application amount is adjusted by a fertilizer application amount adjusting device are mounted on a traveling vehicle body 2, and a line drawing marker 16 is provided so as to be switched between a work state and a state retracted upward from a farm field, A fertility sensor 700 is provided that plunges into the farm field and detects fertility of the farm field when the line drawing marker 16 is in the work state. The fertilizer application amount adjusting device is actuated in a subsequent process according to the fertility of the farm field detected by the fertility sensor 700, and the fertilizer application amount of the fertilizer application device 100 is automatically adjusted.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to an agricultural implement having a fertilizing device attached to a traveling vehicle body.

Conventionally, as an example of an agricultural machine that performs fertilizing work, there is a riding-type rice transplanter equipped with a variable fertilizing device that automatically adjusts the amount of fertilizer applied by the fertilizing device according to the detection result of a fertility sensor that detects the concentration of fertilizer in the field ( For example, see Patent Document 1).

JP 2017-063671 A

However, the conventional fertility sensors are provided on the left and right front wheels that are driven to rotate, and the structure is complicated and the maintainability is poor.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide an agricultural working machine equipped with a fertility sensor that has a simple configuration and is easy to maintain.

According to the first aspect of the invention, a traveling vehicle body 2 is equipped with a fertilizing device 100 whose fertilizing amount is adjusted by a working unit 4 and a fertilizing amount adjusting device 400, and a guide line is formed in an agricultural field as a guideline for straight movement in the next process. A fertility sensor for detecting the fertility of the field by entering the field when the line marker 16 is in the working state, in an agricultural work machine provided with a line marker 16 that is switchable between a working state and a state retracted upward from the field. 700 , and according to the fertility of the field detected by the fertility sensor 700 , the fertilization amount adjusting device 400 is operated in the next step to automatically adjust the fertilization amount of the fertilization device 100 .

According to the first aspect of the invention, the fertility sensor 700 is provided to detect the fertility of the field by entering the field when the line marker 16 is in the working state, and the fertility of the field detected by the fertility sensor 700 is provided. In the next step, the fertilization amount adjusting device 400 is operated to automatically adjust the amount of fertilization applied by the fertilization device 100, so that the fertility of the field in the next step can be measured in advance, and fertilization is applied in the next step according to the measured fertility. By activating the amount adjusting device 400, the amount of fertilization is automatically adjusted, and fertilization can be appropriately performed in accordance with the fertility at an accurate timing.

Further, since the fertility sensor 700 is provided in the drawing marker 16, the structure is simplified and maintainability is good.

In addition, when the line marker 16 is retracted upward from the farm field, the fertility sensor 700 does not enter the farm field, so it can be prevented from being worn out compared to the one that constantly enters the farm field.

The invention according to claim 2 is the agricultural working machine according to claim 1, wherein the fertility sensor 700 is composed of a pair of electrode bodies 701 attached to the wire-drawing marker 16 .

The invention according to claim 3 is the agricultural working machine according to claim 2, wherein the pair of electrode bodies 701 are made of an elastic material and are located rearward in the direction of travel toward the tip side.

The invention according to claim 4 is the agricultural working machine according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the fertility sensor 700 is detachably provided on each of the left and right line drawing markers 16 provided on the left and right sides of the machine body. be.

According to the fifth aspect of the invention, in the first step of the work, both the left and right line markers 16 are set to the working state, and the fertilizer application amount adjusting device 400 is operated according to the fertility of the field detected by both the left and right fertility sensors 700. The agricultural working machine according to claim 4, wherein the amount of fertilizer applied by the fertilizer application device 100 is automatically adjusted.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is a perspective view of the riding-type rice transplanter of embodiment in this invention. It is a front view for operation explanation of a ride-on type rice transplanter of an embodiment in the present invention. FIG. 4 is a side view for explaining the action of the fertility sensor of the riding-type rice transplanter according to the embodiment of the present invention; It is a block diagram centering on the controller of the riding-type rice transplanter of embodiment in this invention. It is a front view which shows the fertilizing device of the riding type rice transplanter of embodiment in this invention, and the fertilizing transmission mechanism between a rear-wheel gear case. It is a sectional side view of the feed-out part of the fertilizing apparatus of the riding-type rice transplanter of embodiment in this invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Fig. 1 is a plan cross-sectional view of a fertilizing device for a riding-type rice transplanter according to an embodiment of the present invention; It is a sectional side view of the fertilization amount adjustment motor part of the riding-type rice transplanter of embodiment in this invention. 1 is a plan view of a traveling vehicle body equipped with a sun visor of a riding-type rice transplanter according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a sun visor of a riding rice transplanter according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. Fig. 2 is a perspective view for explaining the action of the main part of the sun visor of the riding rice transplanter according to the embodiment of the present invention; It is a front view for operation explanation of the principal part of the sun visor of the riding type rice transplanter of the embodiment in the present invention. It is a front view for operation explanation of the principal part of the sun visor of the riding type rice transplanter of the embodiment in the present invention. Fig. 10 is a plan view for explaining creation of a fertility map of a field of a riding-type rice transplanter according to another embodiment of the present invention;

Hereinafter, a riding-type rice transplanter equipped with a fertilizing device, which is an example of the agricultural working machine of the present invention, will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. In addition, components in the following embodiments include those that can be easily replaced by those skilled in the art, or those that are substantially the same, that is, those within the so-called equivalent range. Furthermore, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various modifications can be made without departing from the gist of the present invention.

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a riding-type rice transplanter as an agricultural working machine according to an embodiment, and FIG. 2 is a front view showing the riding-type rice transplanter. In the following description, the riding-type rice transplanter is assumed to be 8-row planting, and the riding-type rice transplanter may be referred to as the machine body. Further, in the embodiment, the traveling direction of the traveling vehicle body 2 as viewed from the driver's seat (operating seat) 31 is used as a reference when defining the front-rear and left-right directions.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, in the riding-type rice transplanter, a seedling planting section 4 as a working section is attached to the rear side of the traveling vehicle body 2 via an elevating link mechanism so as to be able to ascend and descend. A body portion of the fertilizing device 100 is provided on the upper side. Note that the seedling planting unit 4 is an example of a working device, and may be any agricultural working machine that has a fertility sensor 700 as shown and is capable of performing fertilization work. For example, the agricultural machinery may include a seeding device that supplies seeds and a tillage rotary that plows a field as a working device.

The traveling vehicle body 2 is a four-wheel drive vehicle having a pair of left and right front wheels 10 and a pair of left and right rear wheels 11 as driving wheels. A mission case is arranged in the front part of the fuselage, and front wheel final cases 13 as traveling transmission cases are provided on the left and right sides of the mission case. Front wheels 10 are attached to left and right front axles projecting outward from the left and right front wheel final cases 13, respectively.

Further, left and right line markers 16 are provided on both the left and right sides of the front side of the traveling vehicle body 2 and on the rear side of the machine body relative to the left and right spare seedling frames 38, respectively, to form a guide line that serves as a guideline for the next process to proceed straight in the field.

The horizontal line marker 16 is composed of a water wheel marker 16a that contacts the field, a guide rod 16b that mounts the water wheel marker 16a, and a marker rotation motor 16c that rotates the guide rod 16b to the outside and inside of the machine body.

One left and right side of the left and right line drawing marker 16 is lowered during the planting operation by the operation of the marker rotation motor 16c, and the other left and right sides are retracted upward when the work state is entered. The left and right sides are in working condition. Both the left and right delineation markers 16 are retracted upward when the plant is turning or when the planting work is not performed. By aligning the center mascot 17 provided at the front end of the traveling vehicle body 2 and at the center of the left and right with the guide line formed by the left and right line drawing markers 16, the planting work can be performed along the previous working position. Work efficiency and planting accuracy are improved.

Note that depending on the soil quality of the field, the guide line formed by the left and right line markers 16 may quickly become buried, and the guideline for going straight may disappear. At this time, the left and right side markers 19 provided on the rear side of the machine body relative to the left and right line drawing markers 16 are moved in the machine body outer direction, and the side markers 19 are positioned above the planted seedlings, thereby locating the previous work row. The planting work can be performed in accordance with the planting of the seedlings.

In particular, the left and right drawing markers 16 are provided with left and right fertility sensors 700, respectively.

The fertility sensor 700 is composed of a pair of electrode rods 701 made of an elastic body such as a spring material, the base of which is detachably fixed to the guide rod 16b of the wire drawing marker 16. As shown in FIG. The surfaces of the pair of electrode rods 701 are covered with a material that does not conduct electricity, and the electrodes are exposed only at the tip portions.

When electricity is passed through the pair of electrode rods 701 of the fertility sensor 700, the electric resistance changes depending on the concentration of fertilizer contained in the soil (mud) between the electrodes at the ends of the pair of electrode rods 701. It is sent to the controller 210 (FIG. 4) which will be described later as a signal of the fertilizer concentration at the point. The electric resistance decreases when the fertilizer concentration is high, that is, when there are many electrolytes, because electricity flows easily.

As shown in FIG. 3, the electrodes at the ends of the pair of electrode rods 701 of the fertility sensor 700 are placed in a working state in which one of the left and right wire drawing markers 16 is lowered by the marker rotating motor 16c and grounded. The fertility of the soil (mud) is measured by entering the soil (mud) as described above. Since it is configured in an arc shape, the tip electrode appropriately penetrates into the soil (mud) so as to follow the hardness of the soil (mud) in the field and press the soil (mud) with an elastic force to achieve proper fertility. Measurement can be performed.

In addition, since the fertility sensor 700 is provided on the left and right line markers 16, the non-working one of the left and right line markers 16 is withdrawn upward away from the field. When the pull marker 16 is in a non-working state, it is inevitably in a state of being evacuated from the field, and it is possible to prevent wear because the pull marker 16 does not plunge into the mud (soil) at all times.

In addition, since the fertility sensor 700 has a pair of electrode rods 701 detachably fixed to the guide rod 16b of the wire drawing marker 16 at its base, it can be easily replaced when worn, and maintainability is good.

Moreover, the fertility sensor 700 can be configured by a pair of electrode rods 701 and a harness, and can measure fertility at low cost.

Further, since the fertility sensor 700 is provided on the left and right line markers 16, the fertility of the soil (mud) for the next process can be measured in advance, and the controller 210 stores the measured fertility for the next process and performs the next process. In the process, the fertilizer application amount adjusting motor 400 as a fertilizer application amount adjusting device is controlled to automatically adjust the fertilizer application amount according to the fertility. Therefore, fertilization control according to fertility can be appropriately performed at accurate timing.

In addition, since the fertility is not measured in the first step, both the left and right line markers 16 are lowered to enter the working state, and the machine is advanced while working, and the average value measured by the left and right fertility sensors 700 is measured. The fertilization amount adjustment motor 400 is controlled to automatically adjust the fertilization amount as the fertility of the position.

Returning to FIGS. 1 and 2, the description continues. The front end of the main frame is fixed to the rear surface of the transmission case, and rear wheel gear cases 18 are provided on both left and right sides of the rear part of the main frame. The rear wheels 11 are attached to the rear axles of each.

An engine 20 is mounted on the main frame. The rotational power of the engine 20 is transmitted to the mission case via a belt transmission and a hydraulic continuously variable transmission (HST). The rotational power transmitted to the mission case is changed in speed by the transmission in the mission case, and then separated into traveling power and external power and taken out.

The power taken out separately from the rotational power transmitted to the transmission case is transmitted to a planted clutch case provided at the rear portion of the traveling vehicle body 2 . And it is transmitted to the seedling planting part 4 from this planting clutch case by the planting transmission shaft.

An upper portion of the engine 20 is covered with an engine cover 30, and a driver's seat 31 is installed thereon. A bonnet 32 having various operating mechanisms is provided in front of the driver's seat 31, and a steering handle 34 for steering the front wheels 10 is provided on the upper portion thereof.

The bonnet 32 is provided with a sub-transmission switching lever for switching the traveling transmission of the traveling vehicle body 2 between "working speed" for working in the field and "moving speed" for traveling on the road.

A GPS receiving antenna (hereinafter, simply referred to as a receiving antenna) 710 that constitutes the GPS control device 120 is mounted on the upper part of the front mast 33 whose base is fixed at the left-right central position at the front end of the fuselage. . A signal received by the receiving antenna 710 is sent to the controller 210 (see FIG. 4).

The controller 210 is a control device that controls the operation of the fertilizing device 100 and is housed inside the bonnet 32 . The controller 210 has, for example, a CPU, a ROM and a RAM, and controls each part of the riding rice transplanter by executing programs stored in the ROM.

Approximately horizontal floor steps 35 are formed on both left and right sides of the lower portions of the engine cover 30 and the bonnet 32 . The floor step 35 is partially lattice-shaped, and is configured so that mud attached to the shoes of workers walking on the floor step 35 falls onto the field.

A lifting link mechanism for lifting and lowering the seedling planting section 4 connected to the rear portion of the traveling vehicle body 2 has a parallel link structure, and includes one upper link and a pair of left and right lower links. The upper link and the lower link are rotatably attached at their base sides to a rear sight portal-shaped link base frame erected on the rear end of the main frame, and are connected to vertical links at their tip sides. A connecting shaft rotatably supported by the seedling planting section 4 is inserted and connected to the lower end of the vertical link, and the seedling planting section 4 is connected so as to roll around the connecting shaft.

A lifting hydraulic cylinder 46 is provided between a cylinder support member (not shown) provided on the main frame and the tip of a swing arm (not shown) integrally formed on the upper link. By hydraulically expanding and contracting the elevating hydraulic cylinder 46, the upper link is rotated vertically, and the seedling planting section 4 is elevated while maintaining a substantially constant posture.

The seedling planting unit 4 has an eight-row planting configuration as described above, and includes a planting transmission case that also serves as a frame, a seedling platform 51, a planting device, and the like. The seedling platform 51 carries mat seedlings (not shown) and reciprocates leftward and rightward to supply the seedlings one by one to the seedling outlets of each row, and all the seedlings in one horizontal row to the seedling outlets. The seedlings are transported downward by the seedling feeding belt 51a. The planting device uses a seedling planting tool to plant the seedlings supplied to the seedling outlet in the field. Two seedling planting tools are provided for each row, and are attached to a rotating case so that the seedlings can be picked up alternately and planted in the field.

In addition, a central center float and left and right side floats are rotatably provided in the lower part of the seedling planting part 4 . When the machine body is advanced with these floats in contact with the muddy surface of the field, the floats slide while leveling the muddy surface, and seedlings are planted by the planting device on the muddy surface.

The center float is provided with a float sensor 58 for detecting the amount of rotation of the center float due to changes in field depth (Fig. 4). When the float sensor 58 detects a change in angle, the controller 210 determines that the depth of the field has changed, and raises or lowers the seedling planting unit 4 to an appropriate height according to the detected angle. The working height of the seedling planting section 4 is automatically adjusted by extending and retracting the hydraulic cylinder 46. - 特許庁

The detected value of the float sensor 58 is 0 degrees when the center float touches the field in a substantially horizontal position. When the detected value is in the elevation direction (upward), the controller 210 judges that the field depth has become shallower and the distance between the seedling planting unit 4 and the field field has narrowed, and causes the lifting hydraulic cylinder 46 to contract. to raise the seedling planting part 4 to prevent the planting depth of the seedlings from becoming too deep. On the other hand, when the detected value is in the depression angle direction (downward), the controller 210 determines that the field depth has increased and the distance between the seedling planting unit 4 and the field field has increased, and the lifting hydraulic cylinder 46 is extended. The seedling planting part 4 is lowered by pressing to prevent the seedling planting depth from becoming too shallow.

Next, the fertilizing device 100 will be described. 5 is a schematic front view showing the fertilizing transmission mechanism between the fertilizing device 100 and the rear wheel gear case 18, FIG. 6 is an explanatory cross-sectional view of the feeding portion of the fertilizing device 100, and FIG. 7 is a plan view of the fertilizing device 100. It is an explanatory view by sight. As shown in FIGS. 1, 2 and 5 to 7, the fertilizer applicator 100 includes a fertilizer hopper separated from the left fertilizer hopper 60L and the right fertilizer hopper 60R with a certain gap therebetween, and a delivery unit 61. , fertilizing hoses 62 , fertilizing guides and air ducts 68 .

The left and right fertilizer hoppers 60L and 60R share four rows, respectively, and an openable and closable lid 60a is attached to the top. The lower portions of the left and right fertilizer hoppers 60L and 60R are branched into the number of fertilizing rows (four rows) to form a funnel-shaped downstream portion 60b, and the lower portion of the downstream portion 60b is connected to the upper end of each delivery portion 61. be done. A frame-shaped shutter case 80 is provided in each row between the lower part of the flow-down part 60b and the extension part 61. The shutter holes formed in the front and rear of the shutter case 80 are long in the left-right direction and short in the up-down direction. , a plate-shaped fertilizing shutter 81 is slidably provided.

The left end of an air duct 68 through which the air that moves the fertilizer to the fertilizing hose 62 passes is connected to a blower 67 driven by an electric blower motor 66 via an air switching pipe (not shown). When the air from the blower 67 passes through the air duct 68 and the discharge port 61a of the feeding portion 61 from the connecting pipe, the air is blown into the fertilizing hose 62 while entraining the fertilizer.

Then, the granular fertilizer stored in the fertilizer hoppers 60L and 60R is fed out by a constant amount by a feeding unit 61 provided for each seedling planting row. The fed fertilizer is guided by the fertilizer application hose 62 to the fertilizer application guides attached to the left and right sides of the center float, side float and outer float. Then, by the grooving body provided on the front side of the fertilizing guide, the fertilizing ditch can be dropped into the fertilizing groove formed in the vicinity of the side portion of the seedling-planting row.

As shown in FIG. 6, the delivery unit 61 incorporates two first delivery rolls 73A and a second delivery roll 73B for downward delivery of the fertilizer stored in the right fertilizer hopper 60R (or the left fertilizer hopper 60L), for example. ing. The first and second delivery rolls 73A and 73B are rotating bodies having groove-shaped recesses 74 formed in their outer peripheral portions, and square shaft portions 75a of common delivery shafts 75 provided in the left-right direction (the illustrated example is a square shaft). are fitted in a configuration that rotates integrally with each other.

By rotating the first delivery roll 73A and the second delivery roll 73B in the direction of the arrow in FIG. is extended downwards. The fertilizer delivered by the first delivery roll 73A and the second delivery roll 73B is discharged from the discharge port 61a at the lower end. A connection pipe (not shown) is connected to the discharge port 61 a of the delivery portion 61 , the front end of which is inserted and connected to the rear surface of the air duct 68 in the front-rear direction, and the rear end of which communicates with the discharge port 61 a of the delivery portion 61 . be.

As shown in FIG. 6, inside the feeding portion 61, a brush 76 is detachably attached to slide against the outer peripheral surfaces of the first feeding roll 73A and the second feeding roll 73B on the side (front side) where the concave portion 74 moves downward. freely set. The brushes 76 store the fertilizer in the recesses 74 of the first delivery roll 73A and the second delivery roll 73B in a leveled state, and the amount of fertilizer delivered by the first delivery roll 73A and the second delivery roll 73B is kept constant.

Then, as shown in FIG. 5, a relay rod 463 for changing the transmission direction of the driving force from the fertilization transmission drive rod 462 to the front-rear direction of the machine body is arranged in the left-right direction. Between the fertilization transmission drive rod 462 and the relay rod 463, a connection plate 464 is arranged whose both front and rear ends swing vertically about a connection fulcrum pin 464a in conjunction with the vertical movement of the fertilization transmission drive rod 462. In addition, the fertilizing transmission mechanism 300 is configured by arranging a sub-driving rod 465 that transmits a driving force to a later-described delivery rotating arm 467 (FIG. 7) at the other end of the relay rod 463 .

Also, as shown in FIG. 5, below the left fertilizer hopper 60L in the vicinity of the center in the left-right direction, a fertilizer amount adjusting motor 400 that rotates forward and reverse at high speed is arranged as a fertilizer amount adjusting device. As shown in FIG. 7, the fertilizer application amount adjusting motor 400 is arranged on the rear left side of the engine cover 30 covering the periphery of the engine 20 with a space therebetween.

By arranging the fertilizer application amount adjusting motor 400 below the left fertilizer hopper 60L in the vicinity of the center in the left-right direction in this manner, the fertilizer application amount adjusting motor 400 can perform operations such as supplying fertilizer to the left and right fertilizer hoppers 60L and 60R. work efficiency is improved. In addition, since the left and right fertilizer hoppers 60L and 60R are not restricted from rotating in the front-rear direction, the left and right fertilizer hoppers 60L and 60R can be tilted rearward when the fertilizer is to be discharged, and the remaining fertilizer can be quickly discharged. is not hindered.

A fertilizing transmission output shaft 461 that transmits power to the fertilizing transmission mechanism 300 of the fertilizing device 100 and a transmission to the fertilizing transmission output shaft 461 are provided inside the rear wheel gear case 18 and on the front side of the fuselage relative to the rear axle. An on/off fertilizing clutch mechanism 460 is provided.

By transmitting power from the fertilizing transmission output shaft 461 provided in the rear wheel gear case 18 to the fertilizing transmission mechanism 300, the driving force to the rear wheel 11 can be used to operate the fertilizing device 100, so the transmission to the fertilizing device 100 There is no need to construct a separate path, so the number of parts can be reduced and the structure can be simplified.

By the way, as shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, the fertilizer application amount adjusting motor 400 is surrounded by a motor case 400a. It is arranged near the central portion in the left-right direction of the right fertilizer hopper 60R. Specifically, it is arranged in the space generated between the left and right of the second and third feeding portions 61, 61 and the flowing portions 60b, 60b, counting from the right end of the machine body. A ball screw 420 is rotatably provided in the fertilizer application amount adjusting motor 400, and a ball nut 430 is provided which is screwed into a helical groove formed on the surface of the ball screw 420 and moves at high speed in the longitudinal direction of the machine body. there is Then, the ball nut 430 is provided with a feeding rotation pin 469 .

Further, the delivery rotation pin 469 is arranged closer to the upper side of the machine body than the center portion of the ball nut 430 in the vertical direction, offset from the ball screw 420 in a side view, and positioned above the ball screw 420 .

With such a configuration, the fertilizing amount adjusting motor 400 does not interfere with the opening and closing operation of the fertilizing shutter 81, so that when the fertilizing shutter 81 is operated in accordance with the working conditions, there is no need to attach or detach parts, etc., thereby improving work efficiency. do.

Here, based on FIG. 8, the detailed configuration of the fertilizer application amount adjusting motor 400 will be described.

The fertilizer application amount adjusting motor 400 is attached to a motor stay 410 fixed to the above position of the left fertilizer hopper 60L.

A drive gear 400b provided on the motor drive shaft of the fertilizer application amount adjusting motor 400 meshes with an intermediate driven gear 400d provided on an intermediate shaft 400c, and the intermediate shaft 400c is provided with a speed increasing gear 400e.

An adjustment driven gear 420b is provided on an adjustment drive shaft 420a, which is connected to the ball screw 420 with the same axis and is engaged with the speed increasing gear 400e.

Therefore, the fertilizer application amount adjusting motor 400 rotates the ball screw 420 in forward and reverse directions through a driving gear 400b, an intermediate driven gear 400d, an intermediate shaft 400c, an increasing gear 400e, an adjusting driven gear 420b and an adjusting drive shaft 420a provided on the motor drive shaft. driven to rotate.

A rotation sensor 400f is provided on the motor stay 410 to which the fertilizer amount adjusting motor 400 is attached.

A sensor gear 400h, which is a scissors gear, is provided on the detection shaft 400g of the rotation sensor 400f, and meshes with an intermediate driven gear 400d provided on the intermediate shaft 400c.

The rotation sensor 400f detects the number of rotations and the rotation angle of the fertilizer application amount adjustment motor 400. FIG.

The rotation sensor 400f sends the detected values of the rotation speed and the rotation angle to the controller 210 (FIG. 4). The controller 210 calculates the rotation speed and rotation angle of the ball screw 420 from the detected rotation speed and rotation angle, and calculates the fertilizer application amount.

Therefore, since the rotation sensor 400f is attached to the motor stay 410 to which the fertilization amount adjusting motor 400 is attached, the accuracy of the distance between the axes of each part is improved, and the fertilization amount adjusting motor 400 can be accurately rotated and rotated. It can be detected, in other words, the correct amount of fertilization can be detected.

Furthermore, since the sensor gear 400h uses a scissors gear that is not affected by backlash in forward or reverse rotation, it is possible to accurately detect the rotation speed and rotation angle of the fertilizer application amount adjusting motor 400, in other words, to accurately detect the fertilizer application amount. can.

A motor stay 410 to which the fertilizer application amount adjusting motor 400 is attached is attached to a stay provided with a ball screw 420 . Therefore, it is possible to improve the concentricity of the shaft center of the ball screw 420 and the shaft center of the drive transmission system of the fertilizer application amount adjusting motor 400, thereby reducing the driving load of the fertilizer application amount adjusting motor 400 and improving the fertilizer application amount adjustment speed. can be done.

As shown in FIG. 7, a discharge duct 79 for moving the fertilizer discharged from the discharge passage to a discharge port 79a on the side of the machine body is arranged in the left-right direction at the rear lower part of the left and right fertilizer hoppers 60L, 60R. One end of the discharge duct 79 is connected to the blower 67, and when the operation switching lever is operated to the fertilizing side, the air is blown into the air duct 68, and when it is operated to the discharge side, the air is blown into the discharge duct 79. be

With such a configuration, when the operation switching lever is operated to the discharge side to open the switching shutter of each row, the fertilizer moves to the discharge duct 79 through each discharge passage, and the fertilizer is moved to the discharge port 79a by the carrier wind blown into the discharge duct 79. transported to and discharged. A collection bag or bucket is placed in front of the discharge port 79a, but if a discharge hose with a fine mesh is provided in order to suppress the diffusion of the sprayed fertilizer, the fertilizer can be prevented from scattering. Increases fertilizer recovery.

Next, the control system of the riding-type rice transplanter will be described. FIG. 4 is a block diagram centered on the controller 210. As shown in FIG. The controller 210 is provided with a processing unit having a CPU or the like, a storage unit such as a ROM or a RAM, and an input/output unit, which are connected to each other and can exchange signals with each other. The storage unit stores a computer program for controlling the riding rice transplanter. For example, the controller 210 can automatically adjust the amount of fertilizer applied based on the fertilizer concentration of the field obtained by the fertility sensor 700 .

As shown in the figure, the controller 210 is connected to actuators such as motors, sensors for acquiring information of each part, and the like. For example, the controller 210 includes, as actuators, a fertilizer application amount adjustment motor 400 for adjusting the amount of fertilizer application, and a throttle (not shown) for adjusting the intake air amount of the engine 20 to increase or decrease the rotation speed of the engine 20. A throttle motor 201 for moving the line drawing marker 16, a marker rotating motor 16c for operating the drawing marker 16, and an elevating hydraulic cylinder 46 for elevating the seedling planting section 4 are connected.

Sensors connected to the controller 210 include the fertility sensor 700, the rotation sensor 400f, the depth sensor 720, the float sensor 58, the tilt sensor 830, and the like.

The fertility sensor 700 is composed of a pair of electrode rods 701 provided on the left and right delineation markers 16, as described above, and detects the concentration of fertilizer in the field. The rotation sensor 400f detects the number of rotations and the rotation angle of the fertilizer application amount adjustment motor 400. FIG. Depth sensor 720 measures the depth of the field. A float sensor 58 detects the amount of rotation of the front portion of the center float. The tilt sensor 830 detects the lateral tilt of the aircraft.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the depth sensor 720 is an ultrasonic sensor provided at the left-right central position of the front end of the fuselage, and measures the depth to the surface of water or soil by reflection of ultrasonic waves. In addition, since the depth sensor 720 detects the reflected wave from the water surface of the field, the higher the water surface, the shorter the reflection time, and the controller 210 determines that the depth is “deep”.

Note that the depth detection value of the depth sensor 720 is corrected by the controller 210 based on the lateral tilt angle A detected by the tilt sensor 830 .

Since the depth sensor 720 is provided at the left-right central position of the front end of the fuselage, accurate depth detection can be performed with only one sensor, resulting in an inexpensive configuration.

In the work (planting work and fertilization work) at the edge of the ridge (headland), since the fields other than the ridge (headland) have already finished the work and the seedlings have been planted, the left and right line markers 16 are positioned at the work position. can't be That is, the fertility sensor 700 attached to the left and right delineation markers 16 cannot detect the fertility.

Therefore, in the headland work (planting work and fertilization work), the controller 210 controls the fertilization amount adjustment motor 400 based on the detection of the field depth by the depth sensor 720 to adjust the fertilization amount. Since the plowing bed is deep at the edge of a furrow (headland), there is no problem in adjusting the amount of fertilizer applied based on the detection of the field depth by the depth sensor 720 .

The riding rice transplanter also includes a GPS control device 120 and an information storage terminal 130 such as a tablet terminal which are connected to the controller 210, respectively.

The GPS control device 120 can acquire position information or coordinate information of the riding-type rice transplanter on the earth by using GPS, and the position information acquired by the GPS control device 120 can be transmitted to the controller 210. can. Since the GPS control device 120 acquires the position information of the riding-type rice transplanter by using GPS in this way, it has a receiving antenna 710 for receiving signals from satellites used in GPS (FIGS. 1 and 2). ).

The information storage terminal 130 has a display section for displaying information, an input operation section for performing various input operations, and a storage section for storing information. Among them, the display unit and the input operation unit may be configured separately, or may be configured integrally with a touch panel type display. The information storage terminal 130 may be detachably attached near the operator's seat 31 of the traveling vehicle body 2, for example.

Note that the storage unit of the information storage terminal 130 stores location information of one or more farm fields and point information of a predetermined location derived from position information during previous work in the farm field, and the GPS control device 120 The latest location information obtained can be stored via the controller 210 .

As described above, the riding-type rice transplanter according to the present embodiment is provided with the fertility sensors 700 (FIGS. 1 to 4) for detecting the concentration of fertilizer in the field on the left and right line markers 16, respectively. Then, based on the fertilizer concentration for the next process detected by the fertility sensor 700, the controller 210 of the riding-type rice transplanter determines the amount of fertilizer to be applied to the field for the next process, and the determined constant amount of fertilizer is supplied. In the next step, the rotation of the fertilization amount adjusting motor 400 is controlled.

Next, the configuration of the sun visor 800 for both sun protection and rain protection will be described with reference to FIGS. 9 to 13. FIG.

The front part of the sun visor 800 has a narrow lateral width substantially equal to the lateral width of the bonnet 32 in plan view, and the lateral width of the rear part is wider than the left and right fertilizer hoppers 60L, 60R and the seedling platform 51 of the seedling planting part 4. It has a wide trapezoidal shape, and the front part has a shape that does not cover the upper side of the left and right spare seedling frames 38.例文帳に追加

Accordingly, the sun visor 800 does not become an obstacle when the seedlings are placed on or taken out from the left and right spare seedling frames 38, and the work can be carried out in a comfortable posture. Also, the seedlings placed on the left and right spare seedling frames 38 are exposed to sunlight and rain during the work, and the seedlings become healthy.

In addition, since the rear part is wider than the left and right fertilizer hoppers 60L, 60R and the seedling placement table 51 of the seedling planting part 4, when the lid 60a on the upper part of the left and right fertilizer hoppers 60L, 60R is opened, fertilizer is supplied. , it is possible to appropriately prevent rain from entering the left and right fertilizer hoppers 60L and 60R and the supplied fertilizer from getting wet. Furthermore, when the seedlings are supplied to the seedling placement table 51, workers are prevented from being exposed to strong sunlight and rain, which improves the working environment and improves workability.

Furthermore, the sun visor 800 has a slanted structure with a low front side and a high rear side, which prevents rain from flowing to the front end side of the traveling vehicle body 2 and accumulating on the sun visor 800 . In addition, when an operator seated in the driver's seat 31 looks forward and steers, the front part of the sun visor 800 is low, so glare from the morning sun and evening sun can be reduced, and workability is good.

The configuration of the sun visor 800 will be described in detail below.

The front part of the sun visor 800 is supported by a front support frame 802 fixed to the upper part of the front mast 33 with a GPS receiving antenna 710 provided thereon by a receiving member 801 . The support 803 is made to support the rear part, and is provided.

Therefore, since the sun visor 800 can be provided by sharing the front mast 33 provided with the GPS receiving antenna 710, the structure becomes less expensive than providing a dedicated support mast, and also contributes to weight reduction. .

The front end portions of the left and right visor frames 804 are connected to the front support frame 802 by ball joints 805, respectively, and the left and right visor frames 804 are provided to be rotatable vertically and horizontally. Further, the ball joint 805 is provided with a knob bolt, and when the knob bolt is loosened, the left and right visor frames 804 can be rotated vertically and horizontally, and when the knob bolt is tightened, the left and right visor frames 804 can be fixed at a predetermined position.

In addition, the front support frame 802 is provided with left and right frame holders 806 that receive the left and right visor frames 804 at the lowered storage position (A). By tightening the knob bolts of the ball joints 805 while receiving the left and right frame holders 806, the left and right visor frames 804 can be stably fixed to the lowered storage position.

The left and right rear struts 803 have their bases supported at the left and right end portions of the rear portion of the traveling vehicle body 2 by pivot shafts 807 extending in the front-rear direction. The position can be changed between the usage state in which the seedling placement table 51 is located outside the left and right sides and the stored state (b) in which the seedling is stored within the width of the machine body in the left and right direction.

The left and right rear struts 803 are divided into a base strut 803a and a front strut 803b.

The base strut 803a and the front strut 803b are connected by a detachable joint 803c. When the sun visor 800 is in use, the joint 803c is inserted and fixed in a linearly connected state by a knob bolt 803d. In the storage state (b) when the sun visor 800 is not used, the joint 803c is pulled out and the front support 803b is folded so as to overlap the base support 803a, or the front support 803b is fixed with the knob bolt 803d in a horizontal state.

A support arm 35b is rotatably supported on left and right handrails 35a provided at both left and right ends of the rear step on the rear portion of the floor step 35 by a pivot shaft 35c extending in the front-rear direction. and the knob bolt 803e to fix the base strut 803a to the sun visor 800 in the used state and the stored state (b).

Therefore, when the left and right rear struts 803 are put into use and the sun visor 800 is to function, the left and right rear struts 803 are positioned laterally outward from the left and right fertilizer hoppers 60L and 60R and the seedling placement table 51 of the seedling planting section 4. Since it is positioned, it does not interfere with seedling replenishment to the seedling placement table 51 and fertilizer replenishment to the left and right fertilizer hoppers 60L and 60R, and workability is good.

In addition, when the left and right rear struts 803 are in the stowed state (B), they are stowed within the width of the fuselage and at a position lower than the receiving antenna 710 on the top of the front mast 33. It can be easily loaded and stored in a garage such as a barn.

And, the roof curtain 810 of the sun visor 800 uses waterproof and opaque tent fabric, and has the functions of rain protection and sun protection.

In addition, when the sun visor 800 is in use, beam frames 811 extending in the left and right direction are provided in the middle and rear end portions of the left and right visor frames 804 in an arc shape so that the central portion in the left and right direction is higher, so rain can be prevented. It does not accumulate on the sun visor 800 and flows down to the left, right and front sides of the aircraft.

<Other embodiments>

(1) FIG. 14 shows a procedure for creating a field fertility map in advance, and an embodiment in which variable fertilization is performed based on the created field fertility map is shown below.

That is, the procedure for creating the fertility map is as follows.

First, the flight route R of the small airplane is described and added to the field map of the information storage terminal (remote control device) 130 such as a tablet terminal, and the farm field map with the added flight route R is transmitted to the small airplane by the communication device. , to issue flight orders to small aircraft.

The flight route R designates a route along which a ride-on rice transplanter with a fertilizing device performs rice planting and fertilizing operations in a reciprocating process.

The small airplane flies along the flight route R of the received field map, detects the fertility of the field with the fertility sensor, and adds the fertility data to the field map.

The small airplane transmits the farm field map to which the fertility data is added to the information storage terminal (remote control device) 130 through the communication device.

The information storage terminal (remote control device) 130 creates a field fertility map from the field map to which the received fertility data is added.

A method for creating a fertility map of a field is a rectangle whose short sides are wider than the body width of the seedling planting unit 4 of a riding-type rice transplanter with a fertilizing device and which is long in the planting direction of the riding-type rice transplanter with a fertilizing device. is treated as one fertility data block, the fertility data in the fertility data block is averaged to determine the fertility data block into 4 levels of fertility, and the field is divided into 4 levels of fertility data blocks. be a map of For example, fertility data blocks I, II, III, and IV, where fertility data block I is the least fertile, fertility data block II is more fertile than fertility data block I, and fertility data block III is are more fertile than Fertility Data Block II, and Fertility Data Block IV is the most fertile.

Then, the fertility map of the field is transmitted from the information storage terminal (remote control device) 130 to the riding-type rice transplanter with the fertilizing device through the communication device, and the riding-type rice transplanter with the fertilizing device records the fertility map data in the controller 210. do.

Next, a detailed description will be given of the fertilizing work when the ride-on rice transplanter with the fertilizing device performs the rice planting work and the fertilizing work in the field.

The riding-type rice transplanter with a fertilizing device receives a signal from a positioning satellite through a receiving antenna 710 and performs rice planting and fertilizing while calculating current position information using a satellite positioning system.

Then, the fertility data block I, II, III or IV at the current position is read from the fertility map data recorded in the controller 210, and fertilization is applied according to the fertility data block I, II, III or IV at the current position. The amount adjustment motor 400 is operated to change the amount of fertilizer delivered by the delivery portion 61 .

That is, when the current position is the fertility data block I, the fertility is the lowest.

If the current position is the fertility data block II, the fertility is slightly lower than the standard, so the fertilizer application amount adjusting motor 400 is operated to make the fertilizer delivery amount of the delivery unit 61 slightly larger than the standard.

When the current position is the fertility data block III, the fertility is slightly higher than the standard, so the fertilizer application amount adjusting motor 400 is operated to make the fertilizer delivery amount of the delivery unit 61 slightly smaller than the standard.

If the current position is the fertility data block IV, the fertility is the highest, so the fertilizer application amount adjusting motor 400 is operated to minimize the amount of fertilizer delivered by the delivery unit 61 .

One fertility data block is a rectangular block whose short sides are wider than the body width of the seedling planting section 4 of the riding-type rice transplanter with the fertilizing device and which is long in the planting direction of the riding-type rice transplanter with the fertilizing device. Since it is I, II, III or IV, when the riding-type rice transplanter with fertilizing device is proceeding while performing rice planting work and fertilizing work, the predetermined data within one fertility data block I, II, III or IV Distance fertilization work is performed, and stable variable fertilization work can be performed, and the frequency of operation of the fertilization amount adjustment motor 400 is reduced, thereby improving durability.

Also, if the fertilizer application amount must be increased in the next fertility data block, the fertilizer application amount adjusting motor 400 is actuated from before the boundary to increase and adjust the fertilizer feeding amount of the feeding unit 61 until it crosses the boundary. If the adjustment is finished, it is possible to appropriately avoid a situation in which the amount of fertilizer is insufficient and the yield decreases.

If the amount of fertilizer application must be reduced in the next fertility data block, after the boundary is crossed, the fertilizer application amount adjustment motor 400 is operated to adjust the amount of fertilizer delivered from the delivery unit 61 to decrease. It is possible to appropriately avoid such a situation.

Further, when the fertilizer application amount adjusting motor 400 is operated to adjust the fertilizer delivery amount of the delivery unit 61, the signal from the positioning satellite is received by the receiving antenna 710, and the current position is calculated by the satellite positioning system. , and according to the calculated vehicle speed, the higher the vehicle speed, the faster the operating speed of the fertilizer application amount control motor 400 so that the fertilizer delivery amount can be appropriately adjusted.

If the fertilizer application amount adjustment motor 400 is operated at the timing when the fertilizer application guides attached to the respective floats, which are positions for applying fertilizer to the field, pass through the boundary based on the vehicle speed calculated above, and the fertilizer delivery amount adjustment is started, Appropriate variable fertilization can be performed.

When the movement of the machine body is stopped while the fertilizer application amount adjustment motor 400 is being operated to adjust the fertilizer delivery amount, the fertilizer application amount adjustment motor 400 is stopped to interrupt the fertilizer delivery amount adjustment, and the machine is restarted. starts to advance, the fertilizer application amount adjustment motor 400 is operated to restart the fertilizer feeding amount adjustment.

In addition, during rice planting and fertilization on the headland along the ridge where the aircraft turns, fertilize so that the amount of fertilizer applied is the average value of the fertility data block I, II, III or IV for the entire headland. The amount adjustment motor 400 is operated to adjust the amount of fertilizer delivered by the delivery portion 61 . Therefore, fertilization can be stably performed in the headland where the turning of the machine body deepens the depth of the field and the fertilizer situation fluctuates greatly.

2 Traveling vehicle body 4 Working part (seedling planting part)
16 Draw Marker 100 Fertilizer Application Device 400 Fertilization Amount Control Device (Fertilization Amount Control Motor)
700 fertility sensor 701 electrode body (electrode rod)

Claims (5)

A working unit (4) and a fertilizer applicator (100) whose fertilizer application amount is adjusted by a fertilizer application amount adjusting device (400) are attached to a traveling vehicle body (2), and a guide line is formed in the field as a guideline for straight movement in the next process. In an agricultural work machine provided with a line marker (16) that is capable of being switched between a working state and a state retracted upward from a field, the line marker (16) rushes into the field to detect the fertility of the field when the line marker (16) is in the working state. A fertility sensor (700) is provided to control the amount of fertilizer applied by the fertilizing device (100) by operating the fertilizer application amount adjusting device (400) in the next step according to the fertility of the field detected by the fertility sensor (700). An agricultural machine characterized by automatic adjustment. A farm working machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the fertility sensor (700) comprises a pair of electrode bodies (701) attached to the wire marker (16). 3. The agricultural working machine according to claim 2, wherein the pair of electrode bodies (701) are made of an elastic material and are located rearward in the direction of travel toward the tip side. The agricultural working machine according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that a fertility sensor (700) is detachably attached to each of the left and right delineation markers (16) provided on the left and right sides of the machine body. . In the first step of the work, both the left and right line markers (16) are set to the working state, and the fertilizer application amount adjusting device (400) is operated according to the fertility of the field detected by both the left and right fertility sensors (700). 5. The agricultural working machine according to claim 4, wherein the fertilizer application amount of (100) is automatically adjusted.