JP2023108029A - grain dryer - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a grain dryer enabling a worker to easily remove dust present on a grain drying passage.SOLUTION: The grain dryer is characterized in that: a storage unit (2) storing grain and a drying unit are vertically formed inside machine walls of a box body; the drying unit (3) is provided with a hot air chamber (11) receiving hot air from a hot air feeder (6), an exhaust chamber (12) connected to a suction exhaust unit (40), and a grain drying passage (13) disposed between the hot air chamber (11) and the exhaust chamber (12) to guide grain supplied from the storage unit (2); the grain drying passage (13) is composed of an inner drying net and an outer drying net extending along a longitudinal direction of the drying unit (3); and a portion (41) of the outer drying net is made openable/closable.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 18

Description

The present invention relates to grain dryers.

The grain dryer described in Patent Document 1 is an example in which a far-infrared radiator is provided in the exhaust chamber of the drying section. A shutter is provided to allow removal of residue after grain circulation.

Japanese Patent No. 5228844 Japanese Patent No. 4042591

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide a grain dryer that can simplify the work of removing dust from the grain drying passage.

The invention according to claim 1 is
A storage section (2) for storing grains and a drying section are configured vertically in the machine wall of the box,
The drying section (3) includes a hot air chamber (11) for receiving hot air from the hot air supply section (6), an exhaust chamber (12) connected to the suction exhaust section (40), the hot air chamber (11) and the exhaust air. a grain drying passage (13) between the chambers (12) for guiding the grain received from the reservoir (2);
The grain drying passage (13) is composed of an inner drying net and an outer drying net extending in the longitudinal direction of the drying section (3),
The grain dryer is characterized in that a part (41) of the outer drying net can be opened and closed.

The invention according to claim 2 is
A plurality of rows of grain drying passages (13) are provided in the left-right direction, and the lower ends of two adjacent grain drying passages (13) are inclined to merge. provided,
A grain dryer according to claim 1, characterized in that a portion (41) of said drying net is provided on said inclined portion.

The invention according to claim 3 is
3. Grain drying according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the outer drying net other than the inner drying net and a part (41) of the drying net is provided on the machine wall side of the box body and cannot be opened and closed. machine.

The invention according to claim 4,
The front end and the rear end of the grain drying passage (13) respectively face the front wall (31) and the rear wall (32) of the machine walls of the box body, and the front wall (31) or the rear wall ( 32) is provided with an inspection window (B).

According to the present invention, dust in the grain drying passage can be easily removed.

Appearance perspective view of grain dryer Front view internal configuration diagram of the grain dryer Transmission configuration perspective view of internal equipment Enlarged side view of opening/closing shutter part of conveying spiral gutter Perspective view of essential parts on the front side of the drying unit Front view of drying section Side view of the front wall side of the drying section Perspective view of air flow lines inside the fuselage through the inspection window Connection diagram of change-over switch Perspective view of cleaning window with air hose Front perspective view showing the structure of the drying section of the grain dryer Longitudinal sectional view showing the inside of the front side of the drying section Perspective view of the area around the cleaning window (closed) seen diagonally from below Enlarged perspective view of the area around the cleaning window (when open) seen diagonally from below Main part side view (a) of the cleaning window (when closed) and its SS line cross-sectional view (b) Main part side view (a) of the cleaning window part (when opened) and its SS line sectional view (b) Enlarged perspective view of the cleaning window (when fully open) seen from diagonally below Perspective view of essential parts of the drying section

Embodiments specifically configured based on the above technical idea will be described below with reference to the drawings.

(grain dryer)
As shown in a perspective view of the external configuration of the grain dryer 1, a storage chamber 2 and a drying section 3 are vertically arranged, and an elevator 5 for transferring grain from the drying section 3 to the storage chamber 2 is located at the front of the machine body. Circulation dry the grain in preparation for the part. An operation panel P and a controller C for device control are provided on the front side of the drying section 3 .

(internal configuration)
As shown in FIG. 2, which is a front view of the internal structure of the grain dryer 1, the drying section 3 includes a hot air chamber 11, an exhaust chamber 12, and a grain drying passage sandwiched between the hot air chamber 11 and the exhaust chamber 12. 13. The hot air chamber 11 receives hot air from a burner (not shown) of the hot air supply unit 6 configured on the front side, and the exhaust chamber 12 includes a far-infrared radiator 23 as an auxiliary heat source, and a suction exhaust unit 40 configured on the back side of the aircraft. is sucked and exhausted by the exhaust fan 40a of
(equipment transmission system)
As shown in a perspective view of the transmission configuration of the grain dryer 1 in FIG. The grains are put into the chamber 2 and circulated at a constant speed by the rotary valve 14 of the drying section 3, while the grains are dried by the hot air sucked by the exhaust fan 40a on the rear side of the drying section 3.

In order to maintain the circulation process, an open/close shutter 21 is provided on the bottom surface of the upper conveying spiral gutter 19 so as to be electrically controllable so that residual grains can be discharged into the storage chamber 2. For removal, a cleaning window A is formed in the front wall 31 and an opening/closing lid 33b is provided so as to be electrically controllable.

(open/close shutter)
As shown in an enlarged side view of FIG. 4, the open/close shutter 21 of the conveying spiral gutter 19 is constructed such that the bottom plate of the conveying spiral gutter 19 can be controlled to open and close toward the storage chamber 2 by an arm 21b rotated by an electric drive portion 21a. .

(cleaning window)
5 to 7, the front wall 31 of the drying section 3 has a front wall 31 for removing dust from the hot air chamber 11 and the exhaust chamber 12. A cleaning window A with an opening/closing lid 33b that can be electrically controlled to open/close by a manual switch 36c connected to a forward/backward rod 36b extending from a driving portion 36a is provided. 37 is provided.

As shown in FIG. 8, which is a perspective view of air flow lines inside the machine body, the cleaning window A of the front wall 31 sucks and exhausts air from the cleaning window A by the suction force of the exhaust fan 40a when the opening/closing cover 33b is opened. Accumulated dust T in the exhaust chamber 12 can be discharged along the air flow line F leading to the portion 40 .

The opening/closing shutter 21 and the opening/closing lid 33b are configured to be interlocked and controllable in relation to the operation of the grain dryer 1 as follows. That is, the operation of the opening/closing shutter 21 and the opening/closing lid 33b is controlled in accordance with the operation modes of loading grain, drying with hot air, drying with air, and discharging grain.

(Emission linked)
Specifically, by opening the open/close lid 33b of the exhaust chamber 12 in conjunction with the discharge button S4 for the grain discharge operation on the operation panel P, the dust in the exhaust chamber 12 due to the drying operation, particularly the external hot air dryer, is removed. It is possible to discharge the dust accumulated in the exhaust passage, and it is possible to clean the drying section each time the grain discharging operation is performed.

(Interlocked with ventilation drying)
In addition, by closing the open/close lid 33b of the exhaust chamber 12 in conjunction with the ventilation button S2 for the ventilation drying operation, it is possible to prevent a decrease in the ventilation drying ability, and in conjunction with the drying button S3 for the hot air drying operation, the exhaust air is discharged. By closing the opening/closing lid 33b of the air chamber 12, it is possible to prevent deterioration of the drying performance.

(changeover switch)
Next, as for the removal of residual grains in the conveying spiral gutter 19, as shown in the connection diagram of the changeover switch in FIG. Since it is possible to discharge the residual grains in the conveying spiral gutter 19, it is possible to discharge dust from the drying section 3 and remove the residual grains in the conveying spiral gutter 19 as necessary without changing the existing controller C. The interlocking control can be applied to any discharge.

(drive unit)
In this case, the changeover switch 37 can be integrated with the drive section 36a to form a unit, and relayed between the controller C and the elevator harness. It is also possible to switch between the presence and absence of the .

By using a wire connection instead of the advancing/retracting rod 36b for opening/closing the opening/closing lid 33b, it is possible to remove the opening/closing lid 33b and clean the inside of the machine body without disassembling the connection between the opening/closing lid 33b and the driving portion 36a.

(air hose)
Next, as shown in FIG. 10, which is a perspective view of the cleaning window section where the air hose is arranged, an air hose 38 for air blow cleaning is arranged in the open/close lid 33b, and when cleaning is started in the cleaning mode, the open/close lid By blowing air into the body in conjunction with the operation of 33b, it is possible to assist the wind force of the exhaust fan and improve the cleanability.

Also, by blowing air from the air hose 38 in conjunction with the discharge operation by the discharge button S4, powerful cleaning is always possible.

In addition, by arranging the air hose 38 downward from the upper part of the inside of the exhaust air passage, when the cleaning mode is started and cleaning is started, the grains are rubbed by the flow of the grains in the drying net, and the dust is scattered in the grains. It is possible to promote (synergistic effect) to drop into the air and clean the exhaust air passage.

(cleaning window/manual open/close configuration)
Next, a description will be given of a cleaning window with a manual opening/closing configuration.

FIG. 11 is a perspective front view showing the structure of the drying section of the grain dryer, and FIG. 12 is a longitudinal sectional view showing the inside of the front side of the drying section.

The grain dryer has a storage section 2 for receiving the grains that are loaded and a drying section 3 for drying the grains with hot air while flowing down from the storage section 2. to the storage section 2, and an elevator 5 (see FIG. 13) leading from the grain collection section 4 to the storage section 2 through the front surface of the machine body.

The front wall 31 of the machine body is provided with a hot air supply section 6, which is a burner case housing a burner 6a, and the rear wall 32 of the machine body is provided with a suction exhaust section 40 for discharging the exhaust air so as to be diverted by an exhaust fan 40a. It is configured to be able to dry while circulating grains.

The drying section 3 includes a hot air chamber 11 having introduction ports W, W for receiving hot air from the hot air supply section 6 on the front side, an exhaust chamber 12 connected to the suction and exhaust section 40 on the back side, and these hot air chambers 11. Grain drying passages 13, 13 are composed of perforated plates for guiding the grains received from the storage part 2 while passing hot air between them and the exhaust chamber 12, and the grain drying passages 13, 13 are extended to the lower ends thereof. A valve 14 is provided, and the grains flowing down the grain drying passages 13, 13 are let out to the grain collecting section 4 by a predetermined amount.

The grain drying passages 13, 13 are arranged in the longitudinal direction of the drying section 3 and arranged in a plurality of rows in the lateral direction of the drying section 3, and the lower ends of the two adjacent grain drying passages 13, 13 are merged, A delivery valve 14 that rotates forward and backward is provided at the lower end to alternately deliver a fixed amount of grains in the two grain drying passages 13,13.

An exhaust chamber 12 is provided inside both grain drying passages 13, 13, and hot air chambers 11, 11 are provided outside the grain drying passages 13, 13, respectively. In addition, at the inlet sides of both grain drying passages 13, 13, diversion portions 13a, 13a each having a rhomboid shape and a perforated plate are provided to receive a wide range of grains and secure a long drying passage.

Inside the hot air chambers 11, 11, exhaust air return passages 15, 15 communicating from the suction exhaust part 40 to the hot air supply part 6 are provided for high-speed drying by utilizing the exhaust air. At the front end of the exhaust chamber 12, a far-infrared radiation body 23 is provided to promote the migration of moisture inside the grains by means of far-infrared rays, and the far-infrared rays are radiated to the two grain drying passages 13, 13 facing both sides thereof. do.

On the front wall 31 of the machine body, a cleaning window A of the exhaust chamber 12 is configured to be openable and closable directly below the far-infrared radiator 23. - 特許庁The grain drying passages 13, 13 and the hot air chambers 11, 11 are also configured so that the cleaning windows B, C can be opened and closed, respectively, and the cleaning windows A, B, C of the rear wall 32 are also configured to be openable and closable. Configure.

The grain collecting section 4 is composed of left and right inclined plates 17 , 17 for collecting discharged grains below the delivery valve 14 and a lower transfer spiral 18 for transferring the collected grains to the elevator 5 .

(cleaning window)
The cleaning window A will be described in detail. As shown in FIG. 13, which is a perspective view of the cleaning window portion (closed) and its surroundings viewed obliquely from below, the window A is provided with an opening/closing member 33 extending below the hot air supply portion 6. A rod 34 for opening and closing operation is connected.

As shown in FIG. 14, which is an enlarged oblique view of the cleaning window (when opened) from below, the opening/closing member 33 has a slit plate 33a formed with a large number of slits or punch holes through which outside air can flow, and is fixed by a wingnut or the like. The slit plate 33a is detachably attached to the front wall 31 by a fixture 33c such as a lever. A rod holding member 35 is attached to make the blind plate 33b adjustable for opening and closing.

The blind plate 33b can be closed by the suction force of the exhaust fan 40a, and if necessary, the blind plate 33b can be magnetically attracted.

As shown in FIG. 15, which is a side view (a) of the main part of the cleaning window (closed) and a cross-sectional view (b) along the SS line, the rod 34 has a grip 34a formed at its tip by bending or the like. Also, two bent portions P1 and P2 are formed for positioning and holding the blind plate 33b.

Specifically, when the rod 34 is pushed in to the position where the blind plate 33b closes the slit plate 33a, the grip 34a is arranged behind the front end of the hot air supply section 6, and the bent portion P1 on the front side is the rod holding member. 35 so as to be positioned and held.

Also, as shown in FIG. 16, which is a side view (a) of the main part of the cleaning window (when opened) and a cross-sectional view (b) along the SS line, the rod 34 is pulled out and the blind plate 33b opens the slit plate 33a. At the same time, the grip 34a is arranged in front of the front end of the hot air supply section 6, and the bent portion P2 on the rear side is arranged so as to be held by the rod holding member 35. As shown in FIG.

In the grain dryer 1 configured as described above, by opening the blind plate 33b by manipulating the rod 34 in the front-rear direction, the outside air flows directly from the slit plate 33a into the exhaust chamber 12 by the suction force of the exhaust fan 40a, and the far infrared rays are emitted. The dust in the exhaust chamber 12 including the accumulated dust directly below the radiator 23 can be discharged.

Next, the cleaning of the inside of the exhaust chamber 12 will be described. As shown in FIG. 17, which is an enlarged perspective view of the cleaning window portion (at the time of full opening) seen from the obliquely downward direction, the fixture 33c of the slit plate 33a is loosened and the opening/closing member is removed. By removing 33 integrally from the front wall 31, the exhaust chamber 12 can be cleaned by inserting a cleaning tool through the fully opened cleaning window A.

Similarly, the grain drying passages 13, 13 and the hot air chambers 11, 11 can be cleaned of dust in the drying section 3 by opening the cleaning windows B, C on the front wall 31 and the rear wall 32, respectively. Maintenance using a cleaning tool is possible from the front side and the back side.

As for the grain drying passages 13, 13, as shown in FIG. 18, which is a see-through perspective view of the main part of the drying section 3, a portion 41 of the drying net can be opened and closed, and is pressed by a stopper. The inside of the net can be cleaned of dust, and the upper part of the net can be opened and closed by means of a hinge, so that the net can be opened and closed without dropping the bolt or the net into the machine.

Next, in the cleaning mode of the dryer, a mode in which only the exhaust fan 40a operates is provided, or only the exhaust fan 40a and the valve 14 are operated, and the elevator 5 and the valve 14 can be switched on/off. With this configuration, it is possible to ensure the safety of the cleaning work of the drying net, etc., while other grain circulation system equipment is stopped, such as switching of the operation point.

In the above, the equipment in operation is displayed in 7 segments corresponding to the switching of the operating location, and in the case of providing a liquid crystal display, the equipment in operation is displayed on the liquid crystal to ensure the safety of cleaning work such as drying nets. can be ensured.

Next, regarding the opening/closing member 33 of the cleaning window, by stacking a movable slit plate on a fixed slit plate and configuring the opening and closing of the slit portion so that the opening and closing of the slit portion can be electrically controlled, it is possible to shift to the cleaning mode and open the slit portion. Further, by opening the slit portion and shifting to the discharging operation, cleaning can be performed efficiently.

The opening/closing member that can be electrically controlled to open/close is provided in the cleaning openings that are open to the front and rear surfaces of the exhaust air passage in the center of the machine body, and an LED light is arranged inside so that it can be turned on by a switch, or the opening/closing member is By providing a control that illuminates the LED light in conjunction with opening the door, and also illuminates the LED light in conjunction with the cleaning mode, it is possible to clean efficiently by introducing outside air during the discharge operation, and the lighting is also performed. makes it easy to check inside.

In addition, when the temperature of the exhaust air does not rise to a predetermined reference temperature in the drying operation, an abnormality display is performed to confirm that the cleaning port is closed, thereby preventing the cleaning port from being forgotten to be closed during the drying operation.

(Structural points)
The main structural points of the grain dryer having the above structure are summarized as follows.

An open/close lid 33b for supplying outside air is provided on the front wall 31 of the exhaust chamber 12 so as to be open/close controllable, and an open/close shutter 21 for opening the bottom of the upper conveying spiral gutter 19 to the storage chamber 2 is provided so as to be open/close controllable. Since collective opening/closing control is provided to open/close the cover 33b and the open/close shutter 21 collectively, dust removal in the exhaust chamber 12 by opening the opening/closing cover 33b of the exhaust chamber 12 and opening/closing shutter of the upper conveying spiral gutter 19 are performed. Since the residual grains in the upper conveying spiral gutter 19 can be removed at the same time by opening the upper conveying spiral gutter 19, the upper conveying spiral gutter 19 and the drying section 3 can be cleaned at the same time as required.

An open/close lid 33b for supplying outside air is provided on the front wall 31 of the hot air chamber 11 so as to be open/close controllable, and an open/close shutter 21 for opening the bottom of the upper conveying spiral gutter 19 to the storage chamber 2 is provided so as to be open/close controllable. 33b and the open/close shutter 21 are collectively opened/closed, so that the dust in the hot air chamber 11 is removed by opening the open/close lid 33b of the hot air chamber 11, and the open/close shutter 21 of the upper conveying spiral gutter 19 is opened. Since the grains remaining in the upper conveying spiral gutter 19 can be removed at the same time, the upper conveying spiral gutter 19 and the drying section 3 can be cleaned simultaneously as required.

An open/close lid 33b for supplying outside air is provided on the front wall 31 of the exhaust chamber 12 so as to be open/close controllable, and an open/close shutter 21 for opening the bottom of the upper conveying spiral gutter 19 to the storage chamber 2 is provided so as to be open/close controllable. A changeover switch 37 for selecting either the lid 33b or the open/close shutter 21 and an open/close operation switch 36c for controlling the opening and closing of the selected side by the changeover switch 37 are provided. By selecting one of the parts 3, only the necessary one can be cleaned by the opening/closing operation switch 36c.

A loading operation switch S1 for controlling storage of grain in the storage chamber 2, a ventilation operation switch S2 for controlling ventilation drying by ventilation operation of the drying unit 3, and a drying operation switch S3 for controlling hot-air drying by hot-air operation of the drying unit 3, A discharge operation switch S4 for controlling grain discharge is provided, and discharge interlocking control for opening and closing the open/close lid 33b and the open/close shutter 21 is provided by the discharge operation switch S4. Since the open/close shutter 21 is opened and closed in conjunction with the discharge operation, cleaning of the upper conveying spiral gutter 19 and the drying section 3 can be performed in accordance with the discharge operation.

The opening/closing lid 33b and the opening/closing shutter 21 are controlled to be closed in conjunction with the operation of the drying operation switch S3 or the ventilation operation switch S2 by the dry ventilation interlocking control of the opening/closing lid 33b and the opening/closing shutter 21. It is possible to prevent forgetting to close the door and enter the drying operation or the ventilation operation.

A discharge operation switch S4 for controlling grain discharge is provided, and the selection side of the switch 37 is controlled by the discharge operation switch S4. can be cleaned as needed.

At least one of the exhaust chamber 12 and the hot air chamber 11 is provided with an air supply nozzle, and an exhaust interlocking air control for supplying air by the exhaust switch is provided. The cleaning of the drying section 3 can be facilitated by supplying air to at least one of the hot air chamber 12 and the hot air chamber 11 .

A far-infrared radiator 23 is provided on the front wall 31 side of the exhaust chamber 12, and a slit plate 33a and a blind plate 33b capable of opening and closing the slit are provided in a window A opened directly below the radiator 23. During cleaning, when the blind plate 33b is set to the open position under the operation of the exhaust fan 40a, outside air directly flows in from the slit plate 33a of the window A of the front wall 31 and passes directly below the far-infrared radiator 23. Therefore, accumulation of dust below the far-infrared radiator 23 can be prevented.

The slit plate 33a and blind plate 33b are detachably supported integrally on the front wall 31, thereby facilitating the opening and restoration of the window A when inspecting the exhaust chamber 12. FIG.

A burner case 6 projecting above the window A of the front wall 31 and serving as a hot air supply part, and a rod 34 extending in the front-rear direction below the burner case 6 and connecting with a blind plate 33b are provided. By pivotally supporting the blind plate 33b on the slit plate 33a so as to be rotatable back and forth by direction operation, the opening and closing of the window A of the front wall 31 can be easily adjusted by operating the rod 34 extending in the front and rear direction below the burner case 6 back and forth. can be manipulated.

The rod 34 has an intermediate portion slidably supported on the bottom portion of the burner case 6, and is tilted forward downward and provided with a grip 34a at the front end thereof. The blind plate 33b can be easily opened and closed by a grip 34a at the tip of the blind plate 34a.

The grip 34a is positioned rearward of the front end of the burner case 6 when the blind plate 33b closes the slit plate 33a, and is positioned forward of the front end of the burner case 6 when the blind plate 33b opens the slit plate 33a. Thus, the position of the grip 34a of the rod 34 corresponds to the opening and closing of the blind plate 33b. Especially, if the blind plate 33b is not tightened, the grip 34a protrudes from the front end of the burner case 6, making the blind plate inconspicuous. The state of 33b can be easily recognized.

By providing a driving means for opening and closing the blind plate 33b and controlling the opening operation of the blind plate 33b in conjunction with the grain discharge operation after the grain drying operation, the blind plate 33b is opened each time the grain discharge operation is performed, and the drying operation is performed. , the dust accumulated under the far-infrared radiator 23 can be discharged prior to the next drying operation.

1 Grain dryer 2 Storage chamber 3 Drying unit 11 Hot air chamber 12 Exhaust chamber 19 Upper conveying spiral gutter 21 Open/close shutter 31 Front wall 33b Open/close lid 36c Open/close operation switch 37 Changeover switch 41 Part of drying net S1 Stake operation switch S2 Ventilation operation switch S3 Drying operation switch S4 Discharge operation switch A Cleaning window (exhaust chamber)
B Cleaning window (grain drying passage)
C cleaning window (hot air chamber)

Claims (4)

A storage section (2) for storing grains and a drying section are configured vertically in the machine wall of the box,
The drying section (3) includes a hot air chamber (11) for receiving hot air from the hot air supply section (6), an exhaust chamber (12) connected to the suction exhaust section (40), the hot air chamber (11) and the exhaust air. a grain drying passage (13) between the chambers (12) for guiding the grain received from the reservoir (2);
The grain drying passage (13) is composed of an inner drying net and an outer drying net extending in the longitudinal direction of the drying section (3),
A grain dryer characterized in that a part (41) of said outer drying net can be opened and closed. A plurality of rows of grain drying passages (13) are provided in the left-right direction, and the lower ends of two adjacent grain drying passages (13) are inclined to merge. provided,
Grain dryer according to claim 1, characterized in that a portion (41) of said drying net is provided on said inclined portion. 3. Grain drying according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the outer drying net other than the inner drying net and a part (41) of the drying net is provided on the machine wall side of the box body and cannot be opened and closed. machine. The front end and the rear end of the grain drying passage (13) respectively face the front wall (31) and the rear wall (32) of the machine walls of the box body, and the front wall (31) or the rear wall ( 4. The grain dryer according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein an inspection window (B) is provided in 32).