JP2023106117A - Plasma reaction method and reaction apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

To uniformly disperse an amplification material that amplifies energy of electromagnetic waves into a reaction furnace, and also facilitate a supply amount of the amplification material and residual processing after reaction.SOLUTION: An inner wall of a vertical reaction furnace main body 1 is lined with a carbon material 2, and the reaction furnace main body 1 is heated by an electric heater 3 attached to an outer periphery of the main body. A spraying device 4 is attached to an upper surface of the main body 1, and molten salt of the amplification material is sprayed from a nozzle 5 of the spaying device by pressure gas. A reaction residue is recovered from a residue storage part 25 formed at a lower end of the main body 1, thereby facilitating a supply adjustment of the amplification material and residual processing after reaction.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

The present invention relates to a plasma reaction method and apparatus for collapsing nuclei of atoms in gases such as CO ₂ , water vapor and air in a plasma atmosphere, and for recombining protons, neutrons and electrons generated by the collapse.

The inventor of the present invention has conventionally housed a plasma generator (amplifying material in this specification) in a stainless steel reactor, heated the reactor to generate electromagnetic waves in the reaction space, and generated fine particles from the plasma generator. The particles are ionized by electromagnetic waves to form a plasma atmosphere, the electromagnetic waves are amplified in this plasma atmosphere, and the amplified electromagnetic waves cause plasma collapse of oxygen in water molecules supplied into the reaction space to generate hydrogen. was

Japanese Patent Application No. 2020-51098

However, although Patent Document 1 discloses plasma collapse due to electromagnetic waves, the amplifying material (stainless steel, alkali metal) that amplifies electromagnetic waves solidifies during operation of the furnace, resulting in less generation of fine particles and plasma reaction. It turned out to stop after a short time.

In addition, it was found that the temperature of the furnace does not drop even if the heater of the heating source is turned off while the reactor is in operation, despite the supply of the process gas at room temperature. Desired.

In the plasma reaction method of the present invention, molten salt as an amplifying material is sprayed from the upper part of a vertical cylindrical reactor equipped with a furnace wall that emits electromagnetic waves when heated to atomize the particles. Metal ions and electrons are ionized to form a plasma atmosphere, the fine particles amplify the energy of the electromagnetic waves, and the amplified electromagnetic waves cause the nuclei of the gas to be treated supplied into the reactor to undergo plasma collapse. The plasma is separated into protons, neutrons, and electrons, hydrogen generated by recombination of the protons and electrons is taken out, and the injection amount of the molten salt and the supply amount of the processing gas are adjusted according to the degree of plasma collapse. bottom.

Further, the plasma reactor of the present invention comprises a vertical cylindrical reactor that emits electromagnetic waves when heated, and a thermal spraying device that is provided above the reactor and injects molten salt as an amplification material. a gas injection device for injecting the gas to be treated along the inner wall of the reactor; and a gas injection device provided at the bottom of the reactor to discharge the residue generated by the reaction of the injected fine particles of the molten salt with the gas to be treated. and a heating device for heating the main body of the reactor.

In the present invention, the amplifying material is liquefied as molten salt and jetted from the upper part of the reaction furnace with pressurized gas. When the performance of the amplification material declines, it becomes unnecessary to replace it, and if the injection amount of the amplification material is adjusted according to the amount of hydrogen generated and the supply amount of the processing gas, the processing performance of the processing gas can be stabilized. can.

Moreover, since the reactor is formed vertically and the injection nozzle is provided in the upper part thereof, the residue of the injected amplifying material falls by gravity and is stored in the residue storage section formed in the lower part of the reactor. There is no particular need to provide a member for collecting the residue, and the structure of the apparatus as a whole is simplified.

1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a plasma reaction system of the present invention; FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a _CO2 injection device installed in a reactor; FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a thermal spraying device; FIG. It is explanatory drawing of the electromagnetic wave amplification effect|action of Na atom.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

In FIG. 1, the plasma reactor M has a vertical sealed cylindrical main body 1, which is made of SUS304 and generates electromagnetic waves when heated. An inner wall of the main body 1 is lined with a carbon material 2 , and an electric heater 3 is arranged around the outer periphery of the main body 1 . Due to the heating (400 to 500° C.) of the heater 3 , electromagnetic waves having a frequency (10 ⁹ to 10 ¹² ) of about microwaves are radiated into the main body 1 from the main body 1 and the carbon material 2 . A thermal spraying device 4 is installed on the ceiling wall 1a of the main body 1, and the thermal spraying device 4 has a nozzle 5, from which the energy of the electromagnetic wave emitted from the carbon material 2 is amplified. 6 is injected. The thermal spraying apparatus 4, as shown in FIG. 3, has a cylindrical melting pot 7 which is heated to about 700° C. by an electric heater 8. Caustic soda powder is contained in the melting pot 7 as an amplifying material. (NaOH), zinc powder (Zn) and aluminum powder (Al) are supplied in a weight ratio of 1.5:2:0.3, these three amplification materials are melted at a temperature of 700 ° C. A body space (plasma space) from the nozzle tip 5a constricted by the pressure-treated gas (CO ₂ , water vapor, air, etc.) supplied to the nozzle 5 through the opening of the regulating valve 9 provided at the lower outlet 7 of the nozzle 5. sprayed inside. The regulating valve 9 is connected to the controller C to adjust its opening/closing, thereby adjusting the injection amount of the molten amplification material 6 .

As a component of the melt amplification material 6, any one of alkali metals (Li, Na, K) having a low melting point and boiling point, active and low ionization energy, and Mg and Ca of Group 2 of the periodic table is essential, It is preferable to add Zn and Al as auxiliary materials.

If the number of photons is n, the frequency is ν, and the Planck constant is h, the energy of the electromagnetic wave is
E=nhν (1)
and the amplification of energy is to increase n, the number of photons, and to increase the frequency.

Now, to explain the amplification of electromagnetic waves of Na atoms, in FIG. The electron vibrates and rotates. When an electromagnetic wave γ ₀ generated from the carbon material 2 penetrates into this Na atom, electrons e ⁻ in the vicinity thereof resonate and induce electromagnetic wave γ ₁ to be emitted in the same direction, increasing the number of photons e ⁻ . Also, when the electromagnetic wave γ ₀ hits one of the 11 electrons e ^- , the electron e ^- makes a quantum jump to the outer shell located outside it, and returns to its original position from there. It emits an electromagnetic wave _γ2 with a higher frequency than the electromagnetic wave _γ0 . This electromagnetic wave γ ₂ is absorbed by surrounding Na atoms, emits a higher frequency electromagnetic wave, and is amplified at the speed of light. Electromagnetic waves with frequencies above ²¹ Hz are generated.

Now, considering the processing of _CO2 , the nuclear force per nucleon of C and O is 7.6 MeV, 7.98 MeV, which when converted to the frequency of electromagnetic waves,
1.9×10 ²² and 1.8×10 ²² ,
When this is converted to J (joule), it becomes 1.3×10 ^-12 J and 1.2×10 ^-12 J,
Therefore, for 0 nuclear decay,
The energy of 1.3×10 ⁻¹² J×16 nucleons (=2.04×10 ⁻¹¹ J) is
For nuclear decay of C,
An energy of 1.2×10 ⁻¹² J×12 nucleons (=1.47×10 ⁻¹¹ J) is required.

That is, each decay of an element requires the generation of a certain number of photons with frequencies above a certain level.

As described above, the number of photons increases due to stimulated emission of Na atoms, and frequency amplification occurs due to quantum jumps. The timing at which these two amplifications occur is stochastic and determined by the number of times the electromagnetic wave is reflected on the furnace wall and the number of times it collides with Na atoms. come. i.e.

から酸素の原子核が崩壊するエネルギーを２．０４×１０^-11Jとすると、最低２．６×１０^-24秒の間（Δｔ）発生していることとなる。すなわち、このような短時間であれば酸素原子核の崩壊するエネルギーが発生することが量子力学上説明され得る。

Assuming that the energy at which the oxygen nucleus decays from 2.04×10 ⁻¹¹ J, it is generated for at least 2.6×10 ⁻²⁴ seconds (Δt). That is, it can be explained from quantum mechanics that in such a short time, the energy for decaying the oxygen nucleus is generated.

The amplification material (NaOH, Zn, Al) sprayed from the nozzle 5 is sprayed into the space inside the main body 1, and this space is heated to 200-300°C by the electric heater 3 of the main body 1 at 400-500°C. When the temperature rises, the atomized fine particles of the amplifying material are ionized by the electromagnetic waves radiated from the carbon material 2 to become Na ⁺ ions, O ²⁻ ions, H ⁺ ions, Zn ²⁺ ions, and Al ³⁺ ions. ^- is also emitted to form a plasma space consisting of positive ions and negative electrons.

On the other hand, a first gas injection device 20 for injecting gas (CO ₂ gas, water vapor, air) to be treated along the inner wall of the carbon material 2 is provided, and this first gas injection device 20 is shown in FIG. The pipe 20a is formed with a large number of pores 20a, 20a ₂ so that the injected gas flows along the carbon material 2. As shown in FIG. On the other hand, a spiral second gas emission device 21 is provided at the bottom inside the main body 1 of the reactor, and this device 21 consists of a spiral pipe 21a. A large number of pores 21a are formed.

In this way, when the processing gas (CO ₂ gas, water vapor, air, etc.) is injected from the pressure cylinder 23, the sprayed fine particles of the amplifying material are isolated from the inner wall of the main body 1 and collected in the central part of the main body 1, and are reactive. A high plasma space PZ is formed.

A residue reservoir 25 is formed at the lower end of the main body 1 to store the residue after reaction of the injected amplifying material, and the residue 26 therein is attached to one end of the residue reservoir 25. The opening/closing lid 27 is opened and taken out.

A hydrogen discharge pipe 28 is provided on the top wall 1a of the main body 1, and hydrogen generated in the plasma space PZ is discharged. The information is sent to the controller 10 and the discharged hydrogen gas is stored in the hydrogen cylinder 31 . In addition, the controller 10 controls the supply amount supplied to the plasma space PZ by operating the valve 32 for adjusting the flow of the pressure cylinder 23 containing the processing gas.

The injection amount of the amplifying material 6 and the supply amount of the processing gas are controlled as follows. A case in which NaOH containing metallic sodium is used as the amplifying material 6 and CO ₂ gas is used as the supply gas will be described in detail.

First, the inside of the furnace body 1 is evacuated, the set temperature of the electric heater 3 for heating is set to about 400.degree. C., and the temperature of the plasma space PZ is set to 250 to 300.degree. In this state, the thermal spraying device 4 is operated to send pressure CO ₂ gas from the CO ₂ cylinder 23 to the nozzle 5, and the control valve 9 is opened to send a predetermined amount of molten amplification material 6 to the nozzle 5, thereby sending a predetermined amount of Amplification material is sprayed. In the sprayed NaOH, electromagnetic waves (mainly infrared rays) from the carbon material 2 are amplified by the fine particles of the amplifying material to become electromagnetic waves in the gamma ray region, which plasma-collapses the Na and O atoms of NaOH to separate them into protons, neutrons, and electrons. Among them, protons and electrons recombine to form H atoms. This H atom exits the hydrogen discharge tube 28 and becomes H ₂ gas, the amount of this H ₂ gas is measured by the flow meter 30, and the amount of hydrogen generated (reaction ratio) to the amount of carbon dioxide gas supplied is calculated and displayed by the controller. If the value of this reaction ratio is less than the predetermined value, the spray amount of the amplifying material is increased or the supply amount of carbon dioxide gas is decreased. At this time, the data from the thermometer 30 in the plasma space PZ and the pressure gauge 31 are taken into consideration, and the temperature is increased especially when the reaction ratio is low. After operating for a certain period of time, the opening/closing lid 27 is opened from the residue storage section 25, and the residue is taken out and treated.

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention can be applied to incinerators, thermal power generation, etc. that emit a large amount of CO ₂ , and can also be applied to the power generation business that collects hydrogen from water and air.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1... Main body 2... Carbon material 7... Electric heater 4... Thermal spraying device 5... Nozzle 6... Amplifying material 7... Melting pot 10... Controller 20... First gas device 21... Second gas device 23... Pressure cylinder

Claims (6)

Molten salt as an amplifying material is sprayed from the upper part of a vertical cylinder-shaped reactor equipped with a furnace wall that emits electromagnetic waves when heated to atomize the particles, and the electromagnetic waves ionize the fine particles into metal ions and electrons. The fine particles amplify the energy of the electromagnetic waves, and the amplified electromagnetic waves cause plasma collapse of the nuclei of the gas to be treated supplied to the reactor and separate them into protons, neutrons and electrons. 3. A plasma reaction method, wherein hydrogen generated by recombination of protons and electrons is taken out, and the injection amount of molten salt and the supply amount of processing gas are adjusted according to the degree of plasma collapse. 2. The plasma reaction method according to claim 1, wherein the processing gas is jetted along the inner wall of the reactor so that the jetted fine particles do not adhere to the inner wall. 2. The plasma reaction method according to claim 1, wherein said molten salt is a heated mixture of NaOH, Zn and Al. A reactor that is formed in a vertical cylindrical shape and emits electromagnetic waves when heated, a thermal spraying device that is provided in the upper part of the reactor and injects molten salt made of an amplifying material, and treatment along the inner wall of the reactor a gas injection device for injecting the gas to be processed, a residue discharging device provided at the bottom of the reactor for discharging the residue generated by the reaction of the injected fine particles of the molten salt with the processing gas, and the reaction furnace. and a heating device for heating the body. 5. The plasma reaction according to claim 4, wherein the gas injection device is a spiral gas pipe along the inner wall of the reactor, and the gas pipe is formed with a large number of jet outlets so that jet flow from there extends along the inner wall. Device. 5. A plasma reactor according to claim 4, wherein a carbon material is adhered to the inner wall of said reactor.

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