JP2023098710A - System, method and program for recording environmental value - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a system, method and program that record an environmental value.SOLUTION: A system, which can deal an energy value and environmental value separately, is configured to: with reference to a manufacturing history of gas having energy obtained by a chemical reaction as the energy value, calculate at least one of a first energy ratio serving as a ratio to the energy value of the energy obtained from a part being manufactured by using a raw material or fuel derived from a fossil fuel of the gas and a second energy ratio serving as a ratio to the energy value of the energy obtained from a part manufactured without using the raw material or fuel derived from the fossil fuel of the gas; calculate an environmental value on the basis of the at least one of the calculated first energy ratio and second energy ratio; and record the environmental value in a recording medium.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 5

Description

The present invention relates to a system, recording method, method and program for recording environmental value.

Since the Paris Agreement reached at the 21st Conference of the Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (COP21), the world as a whole has been aiming for zero emissions. There is a need to shift to an energy system that does not use fossil fuels at all.

In order to certify transactions of assets such as electric power produced by renewable energy, certificates issued by certification bodies such as certificate issuers licensed by the national government or local governments are used. A company can, for example, apply for issuance of a certificate and use the issued certificate to prove its added value to the environment, thereby improving its corporate value. There are also known methods of using blockchain in the trading of securities that have properties similar to certificates. Furthermore, a method for preventing double issuance of assets is also known (Patent Document 1).

Natural gas, which is mainly composed of methane, contains almost no harmful carbon monoxide or other impurities, and is known to produce less nitrogen oxides and carbon dioxide than coal and oil when burned. ing. Natural gas production areas are widely distributed around the world, and the reserves are abundant. It is expected that the use of natural gas will continue to increase in the future due to its long-term stable supply and low environmental impact ( See Non-Patent Document 1).

Carbon-neutral (liquefied) natural gas (CN-LNG, CNL) is attracting attention. Carbon-neutral liquefied natural gas means offsetting the greenhouse gases generated in the process from extraction to combustion of natural gas with _CO2 credits created by environmental conservation projects in emerging countries (carbon offset). Therefore, on a global scale, the use of this natural gas is considered a liquefied natural gas that does not generate carbon dioxide. As a realistic means of offsetting the carbon dioxide generated when natural gas is used, there are also attempts at voluntary carbon-neutral natural gas trading.

On the other hand, combustible gases that do not originate from fossil resources, such as bio-derived natural gas from methane fermentation, hydrogen produced from renewable energy sources such as solar power generation, etc., can be particularly recommended as renewable energy gases. , is beginning to take place in Europe and the United States. This is the renewable energy of gas, which corresponds to the renewable energy of electricity, and is different from carbon-neutral natural gas, which assumes the use of fossil fuels.

Japanese Patent No. 6842025

Katsuhiko Naito, Masaaki Ebina, Kiyoshi Tsutsui, "Gas Systems in Europe and America" (The Chemical Daily, November 2020)

In Japan, there are many distributed biogas generators and renewable energy gases such as hydrogen produced using electric power as renewable energy, and the "environmental value" ( (hereinafter also referred to as “environmental value” and “zero carbon value”) are not subject to trading.
Carbon Neutral Trading in natural gas requires proof that it is carbon neutral.

A system according to one aspect of the present invention refers to the production history of a gas that has energy obtained by chemical reaction as an energy value, and the energy obtained from the part of the gas that is produced using fossil fuel-derived raw materials or fuel and a second energy ratio that is the ratio of the energy obtained from the portion of the gas that is produced without using fossil fuel-derived raw materials or fuels to the energy value. and calculating the environmental value based on at least one of the calculated first energy ratio and second energy ratio, and recording the environmental value on a recording medium. .

A method according to one aspect of the present invention refers to the production history of a gas that has energy obtained by a chemical reaction as an energy value, and obtains from the part of the gas that is produced using fossil fuel-derived raw materials or fuel. a first energy ratio, which is the ratio of the energy produced to said energy value; calculating at least one energy ratio; calculating the environmental value based on at least one of the calculated first energy ratio and second energy ratio; and recording the environmental value on a recording medium. characterized by comprising:

A program according to one aspect of the present invention comprises means for referring to a production history of a gas having energy obtained by a chemical reaction as an energy value, and a fossil fuel-derived raw material or fuel of the gas. a first energy ratio, which is the ratio of energy obtained from a part to said energy value; means for calculating at least one of the second energy ratio; means for calculating the environmental value based on at least one of the calculated first energy ratio and second energy ratio; and recording the environmental value. It is characterized by functioning as means for recording on a medium.

According to the present invention, the environmental value and the energy value contained in the gas can be separated and a recording medium for recording the environmental value can be obtained. You can separate the values and trade the environmental values.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an outline of a system in which environmental value transactions related to gas are carried out; 1 is a block diagram of an apparatus for recording environmental values on a recording medium; FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the configuration of a device that records environmental values on a recording medium; FIG. FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the format of a recording medium on which environmental values are recorded; 4 is a flowchart showing the flow of processing;

(general description)
Carbon civilization is a civilization within the scope of the Industrial Revolution that occurred in England. The Industrial Revolution gave birth to capitalism, and the acquisition of petroleum resources was a means for developed countries to remain developed.
On the other hand, decarbonization is said to be a transition to a "hydrogen society." This is the logic of Europe and the United States, where gas pipelines are in place. Hydrogen is carried by gas pipelines.

It is said that global warming is progressing. Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions have been steadily increasing since 1960, leading to rising temperatures. Global CO2 emissions, which were about 2.5 billion tons per year in 1960, have shown an upward trend overall, with some fluctuations, reaching 10 billion tons per year in 2010. It monotonically increases from about 310 ppm in 1960 to about 410 ppm in 2010. The average annual temperature in the world and in Japan also shows a rise of about 1°C from 1900 to 2019, although there are some fluctuations. It is estimated that if the temperature rises by 0.04°C each year, the world's per capita GDP will decrease by 7% by 2100. On top of that, if the regulations of the Paris Agreement are implemented, the increase in temperature will be limited to 0.01°C every year, and the decline in global GDP per capita can be reduced to 1%.

Global warming is also causing an increase in natural disasters. There are several conceivable transmission channels for the financial and macroeconomic impacts of an increase in natural disasters due to climate change. For example, when natural disasters occur, investors lose confidence in the market, and there are direct effects on banks and payment institutions. These can lead to fire sales of assets due to declining asset values, bank losses, and reduced lending both inside and outside the affected area. In the event of a natural disaster, the insurance company will incur a loss if the victim is insured. It results in reduced insurance in the affected areas, reduced collateral values, and deterioration of balance sheets (BS) of households and businesses. Furthermore, the occurrence of natural disasters places constraints on available funds for rebuilding from material losses. This results in a decrease in production in the affected areas.

In addition to increasing the burden on insurance companies and insured persons, if natural disasters lead to a decline in financial intermediation functions, it will have a further negative impact on the economy. According to Munich Re, only 26% of natural catastrophe losses were covered by insurance between 1980 and 2015. Even for hurricanes that cause great damage, insurance covers only about 50%. Many of the uninsured are small businesses with close ties to banks. If the loss cannot be covered by insurance, the value of the company's assets will decline. If these assets are used as collateral for banks, the lending attitude of banks will harden as the collateral value declines, and corporate borrowing constraints will become stronger. Since natural disasters cause real estate prices to fall, banks may be reluctant to extend loans from this point of view as well. In addition, banks may curb lending outside the disaster-stricken areas in order to prevent a decline in their capital. In this way, the economy deteriorates not only in the affected areas but also in all regions.

The essence of the problem of global warming in capitalist society lies in such finance and macroeconomics. In order to promote the response to environmental problems, proposals to utilize financial functions have been presented mainly in Europe.
(1) Environmental risk assessment: In Europe, efforts are underway to formulate a common framework for assessing environmental risks, with the aim of popularizing green securities (securities whose proceeds are used for low-carbon projects). In December 2019, the European Parliament and the EU Council reached agreement on a draft EU taxonomy (standards for sustainable environmental activities). This is expected to clarify the classification of eco-friendly economic activities and facilitate risk assessment. Unification of risk assessments will enable comparisons among green investments, which is expected to have the effect of promoting investment.

(2) Prudence policy: Incorporation of environmental risks into capital adequacy requirements for banks is being discussed. In the EU, there is a proposal to classify bank assets into 'green assets' and 'brown assets'. Green assets refer to credits that help limit climate change, such as low-carbon projects, while brown assets refer to credits that can increase climate change. Methods are being devised to lower capital requirements for green assets while raising those for brown assets. However, the Basel regulations have already been introduced as international supervisory regulations. There is a problem in that the unified scale may fluctuate as each country introduces its own regulations.

(3) Monetary policy: There is also growing debate about how to use the central bank's monetary policy to address environmental issues. In Japan, the Bank of Japan announced in November 2019 that it would join the Network of Financial Authorities on Climate Change Risks (NGFS). NGFS is a network of voluntary national central banks and financial supervisory authorities to consider financial supervision against climate change risks.

A proposal to use the central bank's assets for environmental issues is also being considered. Another method proposed is for the central bank to provide credit guarantees when procuring funds for environment-related projects. In addition, proposals to reflect environmental risks in central bank portfolios are being considered. Credit ratings by rating agencies may underestimate climate change risks. The importance of reflecting risks in the pricing of financial assets is being discussed.

In this way, the entire world is aiming for decarbonization, that is, zero emission of CO2 and global warming gases. A shift to unused energy systems is needed. This is also called “energy decarbonization”.

When we hear the word “decarbonization of energy,” we may imagine the decarbonization of the electric power sector, which does not use fossil fuels such as oil and coal, which emit large amounts of CO2, as power sources (methods of generating electricity), and the electrification of automobiles. It is possible. However, in reality, about 60% of the energy consumed in Japan is "heat demand" such as steam heating in the industrial sector such as factories, and hot water supply and heating in the consumer sector such as homes and businesses. is also an important issue.

Demand for heat exists in a wide range, from low-temperature zones centered on the consumer sector to high-temperature zones used in the industrial sector, and gas can produce heat in response to these various temperature zones. In addition, natural gas emits less CO2 when combusted than coal or oil, and is highly environmentally friendly energy. Furthermore, by decarbonizing the gas itself in the future, it will be possible to contribute to carbon neutralization.
There are several options for gas decarbonization, but the most promising is the reaction of hydrogen (H ₂ ) and carbon dioxide (CO ₂ ) to produce methane, the main component of natural gas. CH ₄ ) is a “methanation”.

It is difficult to produce petroleum artificially. On the other hand, with regard to natural gas, although it is still difficult to artificially produce natural gas itself, it is possible to produce carbon-free alternatives that can replace natural gas. About 90% of natural gas is methane. Methanation is a technology to create carbon-neutral methane from CO2 _- free hydrogen and carbon dioxide. CO2-free hydrogen is hydrogen that emits less greenhouse gas during production, such as hydrogen produced by electrolysis of water using renewable energy.

Methane is produced by synthesizing _CO2- free hydrogen and CO2 emitted from power plants. The produced methane can be transported and utilized as is, using city gas and natural gas infrastructure such as gas pipelines. CO2 is emitted when using methane, but it is also used to produce methane. The feature of methanation is that it can achieve “decarbonization” in this way.

Methane produced by methanation is the main component of natural gas, and infrastructure related to natural gas developed in Japan today, such as liquefied natural gas (LNG) bases and pipelines, consumer equipment for gas users, and boilers. , gas instantaneous water heaters, etc. can all be used as they are. In this way, methane emits CO2 when burned, but if _CO2 captured from power plants or factories is used as a raw material for methanation, the _CO2 emitted during combustion can be replaced by captured _CO2 . , the amount of CO2 in the atmosphere does not increase. _CO2 emissions will be virtually zero.

However, in methanation, methane is locally burned to generate heat, and methane is produced from CO2-free hydrogen and CO2 discharged from power plants and the like. The present invention separates the energy value of methane, which generates heat, from the environmental value of methane derived from CO2-free hydrogen, and provides a mechanism for virtual (non-local) trading. be.

First, terms used in this specification are defined.
As used herein, the term "gas" may be gas containing methane as a main component. In particular, it may be natural gas. Natural gas, which is mainly composed of methane, contains almost no harmful carbon monoxide or other impurities, and is known to produce less nitrogen oxides and carbon dioxide than coal and oil when burned. ing. Natural gas production areas are widely distributed around the world, and there are abundant reserves, and it is expected that the use of natural gas will continue to increase in the future in terms of long-term stable supply and low environmental impact.

"Chemical reaction" includes combustion. Therefore, "energy obtained by a chemical reaction" may be heat or electric power obtained by using the heat.
A "fossil fuel-derived feedstock" can be natural gas, shale gas, or vaporized petroleum.
"Gas produced using fuel derived from fossil fuels of gas" means, for example, electrolyzing water using electricity obtained from oil-fired power generation, and reacting hydrogen and carbon dioxide obtained as a result. methane obtained.

“Gas produced without the use of raw materials or fuels derived from fossil fuels” means, for example, electrolysis of water using electricity obtained from solar power, wind power, biomass power, or nuclear power, resulting in It may be methane obtained by reacting the obtained hydrogen with carbon dioxide. "Gas produced without using fossil fuel-derived raw materials or fuels" is also called "zero-emission gas."

“Gas production history” refers to raw materials, if electricity is used to cause a chemical reaction, whether the electricity is from renewable energy or not, if biomass is used, where it came from, gas including where it was manufactured, volume, composition, etc.

A "zero emission gas" is a carbon-free combustible gas. Carbon-free combustible gases can include bio-derived gases, carbon-free hydrogen, or methane produced from carbon dioxide and carbon-free hydrogen, which have been reported as greenhouse gas emissions.

Note that "zero emission gas" is different from carbon-neutral (liquefied) natural gas (CN-LNG, CNL) (also referred to as zero emission gas). Carbon-neutral liquefied natural gas means offsetting the greenhouse gases generated in the process from extraction to combustion of natural gas with _CO2 credits created by environmental conservation projects in emerging countries (carbon offset). Therefore, on a global scale, the use of this natural gas is considered a liquefied natural gas that does not generate carbon dioxide.

"Environmental value" is the amount related to energy that does not contribute to greenhouse gas emissions in the primary energy supply. In the following, environmental value can be interchanged with “zero carbon value”.
"Energy value" is a quantity related to the energy generated by the reaction of combustible gas. And "energy value" can also be converted into an economic value.

"Trading" can include, for example, the economy, which is the basis for the development of free culture, and the free market, free market, or price system as the basis for supporting the economy. Regarding the meaning of "market", it is not only about selling and buying things like the Tokugawa market in Japan, but also about the coordination of traditions and cultures that each region or country has. , rationalization, and exchange of cultures.

For an "exchange" transaction, the parties do not have to agree on the objectives to which this transaction serves, but rather contributes to different and independent objectives of each party to the transaction, thus helping the parties as a means to different ends. It can be anything. From such an exchange, each party to the transaction may receive significant benefits from the exchange. Furthermore, "negotiation" may be included in the exchange.

A system according to one aspect of the present invention includes a reference unit for referring to a production history of a gas having energy obtained by a chemical reaction as an energy value, including raw materials and fuel used in the production process of the gas, and the production of the gas. a first energy ratio, which is a ratio of energy obtained from a first portion manufactured using fossil fuel-derived raw materials or fuel among the raw materials and the fuel, to the energy value, with reference to the history; Second part other than the first part, which is the ratio of the energy obtained from the part manufactured without using fossil fuel-derived raw materials or fuel among the raw materials and the fuel to the energy value an energy ratio calculation unit that calculates at least one of two energy ratios; an environmental value calculation unit that calculates the environmental value based on at least one of the calculated first energy ratio and second energy ratio; a recording unit that records the environmental value on a recording medium.

A recording medium according to one aspect of the present invention is characterized by being used for trading the environmental value independently of the energy value of gas.
Trading in environmental value may take place in any form that can function as a trading market, be it matching or auction. In addition, environmental value transactions may be conducted on Internet trading markets using artificial intelligence (AI).
A recording medium according to one aspect of the present invention may have a place of origin recorded thereon to ensure that it has environmental value.
A recording medium according to one aspect of the present invention can be, but is not limited to, paper, metal, organic compounds, inorganic compounds, or electronic media.
The recording medium according to one aspect of the present invention may be provided with a mechanism for preventing falsification and duplication of the electronic medium.

Here, the mechanism for preventing falsification and duplication may be a mechanism applying a block chain, but is not limited to a block chain.

A method according to one aspect of the present invention includes referring to a production history of a gas having energy obtained by a chemical reaction as an energy value, including raw materials and fuel used in the production process of the gas, and referring to the production history of the gas. with reference to, a first energy ratio that is a ratio of energy obtained from a first portion of the raw material and the fuel that is manufactured using fossil fuel-derived raw materials or fuels to the energy value; The second part other than the first part, which is the ratio of the energy obtained from the part manufactured without using fossil fuel-derived raw materials or fuel among the raw materials and the fuel to the energy value calculating at least one of the energy fractions of
Calculating the environmental value based on at least one of the calculated first energy ratio and second energy ratio; and recording the environmental value on a recording medium.
Here, the environmental value can be used for trading.

In a method according to one aspect of the invention, recording the environmental value may be recording the environmental value on paper, metal, organic compounds, inorganic compounds, or electronic media.
A method according to one aspect of the invention may further comprise using a mechanism to prevent tampering and duplication of what is recorded.
In the method according to one aspect of the present invention, the mechanism for preventing falsification and duplication may be a mechanism applying blockchain.

A program according to one aspect of the present invention comprises a computer, means for referring to a production history of a gas having energy obtained by a chemical reaction as an energy value, including raw materials and fuel used in the production process of the gas; A first energy ratio, which is a ratio of energy obtained from a first portion manufactured using a fossil fuel-derived raw material or fuel among the raw materials and the fuel with reference to the production history, to the energy value and the second part other than the first part, which is the ratio of the energy obtained from the part produced without using fossil fuel-derived raw materials or fuel among the raw materials and the fuel to the energy value means for calculating at least one of a certain second energy ratio; means for calculating the environmental value based on at least one of the calculated first energy ratio and second energy ratio; It is characterized by functioning as means for recording on a recording medium.

The program according to one aspect of the present invention may further include causing the computer to function as a means for trading environmental value.
In a program according to one aspect of the invention, the carbon-free combustible gas includes bio-originated gas, carbon-free hydrogen, or methane produced from carbon dioxide and carbon-free hydrogen that have been reported greenhouse gas emissions. can be included.
In a program according to one aspect of the invention, environmental value is energy that does not contribute to greenhouse gas emissions in the primary energy supply.

A program according to one aspect of the present invention may further include causing the computer to act as a means of recording origin to ensure environmental value.
In the program according to one aspect of the present invention, the means for recording environmental values may be means for recording the environmental values on paper, metal, organic compounds, inorganic compounds, or electronic media.
The program according to one aspect of the present invention may further include making the computer function as means for using a mechanism to prevent falsification and duplication of records.
In the program according to one embodiment of the present invention, the mechanism for preventing falsification and duplication may be a mechanism applying blockchain.

According to the system, method and program configured as described above, it is possible to separate the environmental value and the energy value contained in the gas and obtain a recording medium for recording the environmental value. Furthermore, by using the recording medium, the environmental value and the energy value contained in the gas can be separated and the environmental value can be traded.
Furthermore, according to the system, method and program configured as described above, the environmental value contained in the gas can have a fair economic value according to its scale. i.e.
(1) The “environmental value” of biogas from methane fermentation, etc., and zero-carbon gas such as hydrogen produced using renewable energy power can be traded with high security, and economic value is added to “environmental value”. (2) By applying electronic trading technology based on blockchain technology to "environmental value" transactions, we will realize the formation of a market for "environmental value" and revitalize transactions. Through 1) and (2), it is possible to increase the economic efficiency of renewable energy and promote the spread of renewable energy.
(4) By (3) on the left, it is possible to contribute to the conservation of the global environment,
etc. can be obtained.

In addition, by separating the "energy value" and "environmental value" of gas, in the transaction of "environmental value", the "principle of equal amount at the same time", which is essential in the transaction of "energy value", "Zero carbon value" can be traded without considering "imbalance penalty associated with violation of simultaneous equality" and "transportation costs such as gas pipe usage". For this reason, it is possible to accumulate "environmental value" separately from the transaction of gas as actual energy from moment to moment, or to purchase it in bulk at the end of the term.
These purchased 'environmental values' will be able to be used for 'zero-carbon certification' of their own gas consumption.

It should be noted that the system, method and program of the present invention require that the reliability of the transaction of the environmental value of gas be established, and the type and transaction form of renewable energy are not particularly limited. Here, the renewable energy to be traded is bio-derived gas, renewable energy-derived hydrogen, and other zero-carbon combustible gases, and consumers, like manufacturers, sell surplus energy to other consumers. It shall be possible. In addition, the "environmental value" or "zero carbon value" contained in renewable energy gas shall be measured by the amount of heat possessed by the gas.

Regarding the energy market, the government is actively involved in the energy market as well, including subsidies and the fixation of electricity prices through the feed-in tariff system (FIT). Free market environmentalism does not approve of such central government control through taxes and subsidies, but supports market growth and development through the formation of a spontaneous order in the environment and energy markets. In other words, free market environmentalism, based on Friedrich von Hayek's market philosophy, regards environmental problems as a "market failure" and advocates the need for central government intervention in the environment and energy markets. On the issue, it sets itself apart from arguments that advocate the introduction of a theory resembling socialist rationalism.

"Market failure" means that in the environment and energy, a market for goods and services in which the price mechanism works does not exist. In response to such "market failures," the central government should provide appropriate incentives to market entrants to satisfy the Pareto optimality that would be obtained in a perfectly competitive market. The conventional economic approach has been to design a system that produces such results. It differs from the market as a spontaneous order, which Friedrich von Hayek called ``a product which man has stumbled upon, found by chance, without understanding it, and then learned to use''.

From the standpoint of free market environmentalism, the approach to environmental and energy problems such as air pollution and resource depletion should, wherever technically possible, establish a clearly specified ownership system for all resources and promote free exchange in the market. The only solution is to make it possible. The recording medium, method and program according to the present invention can provide one means to overcome "market failure".

Especially in Europe, trading in renewable, decarbonized gases not only requires well-interconnected and integrated markets, as gas molecules move across borders, but also between Member States. It is also necessary to develop a certificate system for documenting and trading, and there are movements toward the establishment of a system.

In Europe, the European Network of Transmission System Operators for Gas (ENTSOG) will enable the development of national registries and cross-border trading of biomethane and hydrogen certificates between member registries. We are promoting the establishment of a certificate system that
ENTSOG has established the European Scheme for Cross-Border Tradeability of Renewable and Decarbonized Gases and the EU Emissions Trading System (ETS), Linking to the Transport Sector and “Renewable”, “ It promotes climate value trading of all types of gas exchanged between member countries covering "decarbonization" and states that the following efforts are necessary.
(1) establish a standardized EU-wide certification framework for renewable, decarbonized
(2) confirmation of gas origin/transferability from one energy carrier to another (molecular and electron) as well as cross-border transferability;
(3) making the gas origin/certificate framework compatible with emissions trading schemes and the transport sector;
(4) allow synthetic methane to be classified as renewable energy; However, it avoids double counting of CO ₂ reductions between providers and users of raw carbon dioxide (CO ₂ ).

As described above, the global trend is to build a system for trading environmental value (zero-carbon value) for renewable energy gas in the same way as for renewable energy power.
The value of renewable energy includes "environmental value" in addition to the value as energy (electricity, gas, heat). Here, the environmental value is also the value of "zero carbon" as described above. In Europe and the United States, only the value of "environmental value" is issued as a certificate, and the economic value of "zero carbon" is created by setting up a market and distributing it separately from energy value.

However, in order for the "environmental value" of renewable energy to become a target of trading, the "energy value" and "environmental value" of renewable energy must be strictly paired. The purchaser of "environmental value" can prove that the "energy" they have consumed is "environmental value" by linking the "energy" they have consumed with renewable energy. This is because it finds For this purpose, it is first necessary to strictly measure and record the "energy value" paired with the "environmental value." Next, these "values" must be managed with high security without being duplicated or copied. As a system for such high-security management, the REC trading system has been constructed in the United States for electricity. The same is true for the Green Power Certificates that were once implemented in Japan. On the other hand, regarding the transaction of environmental value of gas, in Europe and the United States as well, energy value and environmental value (zero-carbon value) are being transferred at the same time through bilateral transactions between gas producers and gas users.
The recording medium, method, and program of the present invention provide a transaction mechanism in which energy value and environmental value are separated.

(embodiment)
An example of a recording medium on which the environmental value of the present invention is recorded will be described below with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an outline of a system in which environmental value transactions related to gas are performed. The system 10 includes a gas network 100, a computer network 200, gas consumers 300a and 300b (collectively referred to as consumers 300) connected to the gas network 100, renewable energy gas manufacturers 400a and 400b. (sometimes collectively referred to as renewable energy gas producers 400). On the computer network 200, the environmental values recorded in the recording media 500a, 500b, and 500c on which the environmental values rewritten, overwritten, added, etc. by the computer 700 (also called zero-carbon values or environmental values) are recorded. ) are traded. In addition to recording media 500a and 500b (collectively referred to as 500) on which environmental values are recorded, recording media 600a and 600b (collectively referred to as 600) on which energy values are recorded There may be

The computer 700 also functions as a device that records environmental value on a recording medium. At the same time, computer 700 mediates environmental and/or energy values between gas consumer 300 and renewable energy gas producer 400 .

The gas consumer 300 and the renewable energy gas manufacturer 400 are respectively computers 310a, 310b (sometimes collectively referred to as computers 310) and 410a, 410b (sometimes collectively referred to as computers 410). It has Also, on the computer network 200, a computer for trading the environmental value recorded in the recording medium 500 for recording the environmental value and the energy value recorded in the recording medium 600 for recording the energy value. 700 are provided. In this example, the computer 700 trades the environmental value recorded on the recording medium 500 on which the environmental value is recorded and the energy value recorded on the recording medium 600 on which the energy value is recorded. The configuration is not limited, and separate computers may be used for environmental value trading and energy value trading.
These computers 310 , 410 and 700 are electrically connected to each other by computer network 200 .

The environmental value of the gas is determined by the renewable energy gas manufacturer 400 supplying the energy value of the renewable energy gas to the consumers 300a and 300b via the computer 700 and the gas network 200. The environmental value (also called zero-carbon value or environmental value) managed on the computer network 200 by the recording medium 500 of the distributed ledger based on block chain technology etc. according to the production amount of is separately exchanged via the computer 700 be done. The energy value of renewable energy gas is recorded on the recording medium 600 (600a, 600b).
A zero carbon value corresponding to each unit heat quantity of renewable energy gas produced is recorded in the recording medium 500 on which the environmental value is recorded.

In the above configuration, renewable energy gas production calorific value, transaction history, and attributes related to renewable energy gas production (production location, time, manufacturer, production method, environmental value owner) are stored in a ledger based on blockchain technology, etc. Since it is managed, falsification, correction, etc. become extremely difficult. This ensures credibility for renewable heat production and the corresponding zero-carbon value. As a result, the environmental value corresponding to the calorific value of renewable energy gas can be exchanged or traded, and can be linked to virtual currency.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram of computer 700 . A computer 700 as a device for recording environmental values on a recording medium includes a reference unit 710 , an energy ratio calculator 720 , an environmental value calculator 730 and a recording unit 740 . The computer 700 includes a reference unit 710, an energy ratio calculation unit 720, an environmental value calculation unit 730, and a recording unit 740, as well as a block for trading environmental value and a block for trading energy value (not shown). These blocks may mediate transactions between environmental value and energy value gas consumers 300 and renewable energy gas producers 400 by auction.

The reference part 710 refers to the production history of the gas having energy obtained by chemical reaction as its energy value, including raw materials and fuel used in the production process of the gas.
The energy ratio calculation unit 720 refers to the gas production history, and is the ratio of the energy obtained from the first part manufactured using the raw material or fuel derived from fossil fuel among the raw materials and fuel to the energy value. A first energy fraction is calculated. Furthermore, the energy ratio calculation unit 720 calculates the energy value of the energy obtained from the second portion other than the first portion, that is, the portion manufactured without using fossil fuel-derived raw materials or fuel among the raw materials and fuel. Calculate a second energy fraction that is a fraction of . Although the energy ratio calculator 720 calculates both the first energy ratio and the second energy ratio here, either one may be used. Here, the unit of "energy" may be calorie.

The environmental value calculator 730 calculates the environmental value based on at least one of the first energy ratio and the second energy ratio calculated by the energy ratio calculator 720 .
For example, suppose that electricity generated by a photovoltaic power generation device is used to electrolyze water to produce hydrogen, and that hydrogen and carbon dioxide are reacted using a methanation catalyst to produce 10 tons of methane. Then, since this methane is produced without using fossil fuel-derived raw materials or fuels, it has the calorie equivalent to 10 tons of methane as an energy value, and the calorie equivalent to 10 tons of methane as an environmental value. become. However, if electricity generated by a coal-fired power plant is used for the electrolysis of water, it will be a gas produced using raw materials or fuels derived from fossil fuels.
Recording unit 740 records the environmental value calculated by environmental value calculating unit 730 in recording medium 500 .

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the format of a recording medium 500 on which the environmental value is recorded. It is managed by computer 700 together with history 503 and certificate of origin 501 . Proof of origin 501 may include origin 504 and attributes 505 . Attributes 505 include production location, time, manufacturer, production method, production volume and production period, and environmental value owner. The illustrated format of the recording medium 500 on which the environmental values are recorded is an example, and some of these may be recorded.

In the above configuration, falsification/modification, double transaction, and double recording of the environmental value corresponding to the renewable energy gas production calorific value are extremely difficult. This ensures the reliability of environmental value. As a result, the recording medium recording the environmental value can be traded in the market. This makes it possible to give economic value to the environmental value contained in renewable energy according to its scale.

In FIG. 1, the trading computer 700 and the ledger computer can refer to each other's data.
In such a configuration, in the exchange 210, the renewable energy gas production calorific value and the corresponding environmental value (also referred to as zero carbon value or environmental value) applied for by the consumer 300 and the manufacturer 400 are true. It becomes easy to check for falsehood (that there is no dishonesty). At the same time, the renewable energy gas production calorific value, that is, the virtual currency linked to the environmental value, can also be managed by a distributed ledger based on blockchain technology.
The recording medium 500 recording the environmental value records at least the names of the consumer 300 and the manufacturer 400, the place of manufacture, the method of manufacture, the amount of manufacture, and the period of manufacture. These may be recorded in attributes 620 .

With the above configuration, the recording medium has an aspect as a certificate. As a result, incentives for consumers (prosumers) 300 and manufacturers 400 who sell or supply renewable energy will increase, and renewable energy will become more popular.
In FIG. 1, each consumer 300 includes a calorific value meter (not shown) that measures the amount of heat, and an energy management system (not shown) that calculates the self-use or surplus of each consumer. Each computer 310 is capable of communicating with the device and the calorific meter and energy management device, and all computers including computer 700 are co-connected via computer network 200 .

In the above configuration, the customer 300 can see the internal data of the other member's calorific value meter, energy management device and computer, so the gas transaction data transacted via the computer 700 and the gas network 200 It is possible to verify and approve (production calorie, heat consumption, calorie sales, and calorie purchase). Similarly, virtual currency transaction data traded on virtual currency exchanges can be verified and approved based on blockchain technology.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the configuration of a device 700 that records environmental value on a recording medium. It is composed of a CPU 51, a ROM 52, a RAM 53, etc., performs processing described below according to a program stored in the ROM 52, and stores data in a recording device 54 or a recording medium 57 as necessary. Further, the display 55 displays necessary information, such as transaction records of environmental value and energy value, via the above-described communication network. The recording medium 500 on which environmental values are recorded may be recorded in the memory 53 and distributed via the Internet 200 .

FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing the flow of processing used by computers 310, 410, and 700 to generate recording medium 500 on which environmental values are recorded. These processes may be performed by programs processed by computers 310 , 410 and 700 .
In S10, the reference unit 710 of the computer 700 refers to the production history of the gas, which has energy obtained by chemical reaction as its energy value, including raw materials and fuel used in the process of producing the gas.
In S20, the energy ratio calculation unit 720 of the computer 700 refers to the gas production history and calculates the energy obtained from the first portion of the raw materials and the fuel that is produced using fossil fuel-derived raw materials or fuels. from the first energy share, which is the share of the energy value of At least one of the second energy ratios, which is the ratio of the energy obtained to the energy value, is calculated.
In S30, the environmental value calculator 730 of the computer 700 calculates the environmental value based on at least one of the calculated first energy ratio and second energy ratio.
At S40, the recording unit 740 of the computer 700 records the environmental value calculated by the environmental value calculating unit 730 of the computer 700 at S30 on the recording medium 500. FIG.
By performing the processing as described above, the effect described above can be obtained.

The recording medium, method and program of the present invention can separate the environmental value and the energy value contained in the zero-emission gas, and can trade the environmental value. It is something to do.

10 System 100 Gas network 200 Computer network 300 (300a, 300b) Gas consumer 310 (310a, 310b) Gas consumer computer 400 (400a, 400b) Renewable energy gas manufacturer 410 (410a, 410b) Renewable Energy gas manufacturer's computer 500 (500a, 500b) Recording medium 501 where environmental value is recorded Certificate of origin 502 Environmental value production heat quantity 503 Environmental value 504 Place of origin 505 Attribute 600 (600a, 600b) Record where energy value is recorded Medium 700 Computer 51 CPU for recording the environmental value on the recording medium 500 and for transactions
52 memory (ROM)
53 memory (RAM)
54 hard disk 55 display 56 recording device 57 recording medium

Claims (12)

a reference section that refers to the production history of a gas having energy obtained by a chemical reaction as its energy value, including raw materials and fuel used in the production process of said gas;
A first that is a ratio of energy obtained from a first portion of the raw material and the fuel that is manufactured using a fossil fuel-derived raw material or fuel to the energy value with reference to the production history of the gas and the energy value of the energy obtained from the second portion other than the first portion, which is produced from the portion of the raw material and the fuel that is produced without using fossil fuel-derived raw materials or fuel an energy ratio calculator that calculates at least one second energy ratio that is a ratio to
an environmental value calculation unit that calculates the environmental value based on at least one of the calculated first energy ratio and second energy ratio;
a recording unit that records the environmental value on a recording medium;
system including. 2. System according to claim 1, characterized in that the environmental value is energy that does not contribute to greenhouse gas emissions in the primary energy supply. 3. The system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein said recording medium is used for trading said environmental value independently of said energy value of said gas. 4. The system of any one of claims 1-3, wherein the portion of the gas that is produced without fossil fuel-derived raw materials or fuels is a carbon-free combustible gas. 5. The carbon-free combustible gas of claim 4, wherein the carbon-free combustible gas comprises bio-sourced gas, carbon-free hydrogen, or methane produced from carbon dioxide and carbon-free hydrogen, which are reported greenhouse gas emissions. system. 6. The system of any one of claims 1-5, wherein the gaseous fossil fuel-derived raw materials or fuels include natural gas, petroleum, coal. Furthermore, in the production history of the gas, in addition to the raw materials and the fuel used in the production process, the production method and/or the place of origin for ensuring that the gas has the environmental value is recorded. 7. A system according to any one of claims 1-6. 8. The system of any one of claims 1-7, wherein the recording medium is paper, metal, an organic compound, an inorganic compound, or an electronic medium. 9. The system according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein said electronic medium is provided with a mechanism for preventing tampering and duplication. 10. The system according to claim 9, wherein the mechanism for preventing falsification and duplication is a block chain applied mechanism. referring to the production history of a gas having energy obtained by a chemical reaction as its energy value, including raw materials and fuel used in the production process of said gas;
A first that is a ratio of energy obtained from a first portion of the raw material and the fuel that is manufactured using a fossil fuel-derived raw material or fuel to the energy value with reference to the production history of the gas and the energy value of the energy obtained from the second portion other than the first portion, which is produced from the portion of the raw material and the fuel that is produced without using fossil fuel-derived raw materials or fuel calculating at least one second energy fraction that is a fraction of
calculating the environmental value based on at least one of the calculated first energy ratio and second energy ratio;
recording the environmental value on a recording medium;
method including. the computer,
a means for referring to a production history of a gas having energy obtained by a chemical reaction as an energy value, including raw materials and fuel used in the production process of the gas;
A first that is a ratio of energy obtained from a first portion of the raw material and the fuel that is manufactured using a fossil fuel-derived raw material or fuel to the energy value with reference to the production history of the gas and the energy value of the energy obtained from the second portion other than the first portion, which is produced from the portion of the raw material and the fuel that is produced without using fossil fuel-derived raw materials or fuel means for calculating at least one second energy fraction that is a fraction of the
means for calculating the environmental value based on at least one of the calculated first energy ratio and second energy ratio;
means for recording the environmental value on a recording medium;
A program to function as

Images