JP2023085908A - Shutter device and imaging apparatus - Google Patents

Shutter device and imaging apparatus Download PDF

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JP2023085908A
JP2023085908A JP2021200223A JP2021200223A JP2023085908A JP 2023085908 A JP2023085908 A JP 2023085908A JP 2021200223 A JP2021200223 A JP 2021200223A JP 2021200223 A JP2021200223 A JP 2021200223A JP 2023085908 A JP2023085908 A JP 2023085908A
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cam
shutter device
driving
imaging
drive
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佳之 松本
Yoshiyuki Matsumoto
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Canon Inc
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Canon Inc
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Abstract

To provide a shutter device that can change the curtain speed without using a dedicated actuator.SOLUTION: A shutter device (202) has: two blade groups (4, 5) that open and close an opening for exposure; two driving members (7, 8) that individually drive the two blade groups between an open position and a closed position of the opening; two cam gears (22, 23) that individually move the two driving members; and two locking members (9, 10) that can individually lock the two driving members. A first photographic phase in a first mode and a second photographic phase in a second mode are made different from each other.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 3

Description

本発明は、シャッタ装置および撮像装置に関する。 The present invention relates to a shutter device and an imaging device.

通常、デジタル一眼レフカメラやミラーレスカメラなどの撮像装置に用いられるフォーカルプレンシャッタの幕速は、組立時に所定値に調整した後に変更することができない。 Normally, the curtain speed of a focal plane shutter used in imaging devices such as digital single-lens reflex cameras and mirrorless cameras cannot be changed after it has been adjusted to a predetermined value during assembly.

特許文献1には、電磁力とバネ力とを組み合わせることで、幕速を調整することが可能な撮像装置が開示されている。特許文献2には、モータによる動力とバネ力とを組み合わせることで、幕速を調整することが可能な撮像装置が開示されている。 Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No. 2002-100000 discloses an imaging device that can adjust the curtain speed by combining an electromagnetic force and a spring force. Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No. 2002-200000 discloses an imaging device that can adjust the curtain speed by combining the power of the motor and the spring force.

国際公開第2018/230170号WO2018/230170 国際公開第2018/230172号WO2018/230172

しかしながら、特許文献1や特許文献2に開示された撮像装置は、電磁駆動部やモータなどの専用のアクチュエータを用いて幕速を調整するため、コストが増大する。 However, the imaging apparatuses disclosed in Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2 adjust the curtain speed using a dedicated actuator such as an electromagnetic drive section and a motor, which increases the cost.

そこで本発明は、専用のアクチュエータを用いることなく幕速を変更することが可能なシャッタ装置および撮像装置を提供する。 SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, the present invention provides a shutter device and an imaging device capable of changing the curtain speed without using a dedicated actuator.

本発明の一側面としてのシャッタ装置は、露光用の開口を開閉する二つの羽根群と、前記二つの羽根群を前記開口の開放位置と閉鎖位置との間でそれぞれ駆動する二つの駆動部材と、前記二つの駆動部材をそれぞれ移動させる二つのカムギアと、前記二つの駆動部材をそれぞれ係止可能な二つの係止部材とを有し、第一のモードでの第一の撮影位相と第二のモードでの第二の撮影位相とを異ならせる。 A shutter device as one aspect of the present invention includes two blade groups for opening and closing an exposure aperture, and two driving members for respectively driving the two blade groups between an open position and a closed position of the aperture. , two cam gears for respectively moving the two driving members, and two locking members capable of locking the two driving members, respectively, and a first photographing phase and a second photographing phase in the first mode. mode is different from the second imaging phase.

本発明の他の目的及び特徴は、以下の実施形態において説明される。 Other objects and features of the invention are described in the following embodiments.

本発明によれば、専用のアクチュエータを用いることなく幕速を変更することが可能なシャッタ装置および撮像装置を提供することができる。 According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a shutter device and an imaging device capable of changing the curtain speed without using a dedicated actuator.

本実施形態における撮像装置の斜視図である。1 is a perspective view of an imaging device according to this embodiment; FIG. 本実施形態における撮像装置のブロック図である。1 is a block diagram of an imaging device according to this embodiment; FIG. 本実施形態におけるシャッタ装置の分解斜視図である。2 is an exploded perspective view of the shutter device according to the embodiment; FIG. 本実施形態における撮影待機状態でのシャッタ装置の平面図である。FIG. 2 is a plan view of the shutter device in a shooting standby state according to the embodiment; 本実施形態におけるシャッタ装置の要部斜視図である。1 is a perspective view of a main part of a shutter device in this embodiment; FIG. 本実施形態における電子先幕撮影モードでのタイミングチャートである。4 is a timing chart in the electronic front curtain shooting mode in this embodiment. 本実施形態における電子先幕撮影モードでの走行待機状態のシャッタ装置の平面図である。FIG. 2 is a plan view of the shutter device in a traveling standby state in an electronic front curtain photographing mode according to the present embodiment; 本実施形態における電子先幕撮影モードでのセット動作開始時のシャッタ装置の平面図である。FIG. 4 is a plan view of the shutter device at the start of a set operation in an electronic front curtain photographing mode according to the embodiment; 本実施形態における電子先幕撮影モードでの後幕セット動作完了時のシャッタ装置の平面図である。FIG. 4 is a plan view of the shutter device when the rear curtain setting operation is completed in the electronic front curtain shooting mode in the embodiment; 本実施形態におけるメカ先幕撮影モードでのタイミングチャートである。4 is a timing chart in the mechanical front curtain shooting mode in this embodiment. 本実施形態におけるメカ先幕撮影モードでの走行待機状態のシャッタ装置の平面図である。FIG. 4 is a plan view of the shutter device in a traveling standby state in a mechanical front curtain photographing mode according to the present embodiment; 本実施形態におけるメカ先幕撮影モードでのセット動作開始時のシャッタ装置の平面図である。FIG. 4 is a plan view of the shutter device at the start of a set operation in a mechanical front curtain photographing mode according to the embodiment; 本実施形態におけるメカ先幕撮影モードでのセット動作中のシャッタ装置の平面図である。FIG. 4 is a plan view of the shutter device during a set operation in a mechanical front-curtain photographing mode according to the embodiment; 本実施形態における後カムギアのカム形状を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the cam shape of the rear cam gear in this embodiment.

以下、本発明の実施形態について、図面を参照しながら詳細に説明する。 BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

まず、図1を参照して、本実施形態におけるシャッタ装置(フォーカルプレンシャッタ)を備えた撮像装置100の外観構成について説明する。図1は、撮像装置100の斜視図である。撮像装置100の上面には、電源ボタン110、レリーズボタン130、および、ストロボ装置などの撮影アクセサリを取り付けるアクセサリーシュー140が設けられている。レンズマウント150は、不図示のレンズ装置(交換レンズ)の取り付け部である。撮像装置100はレフレックスミラーが廃止されたミラーレスタイプの撮像装置であるため、ライブビュー表示のため撮影待機の状態でシャッタ幕は開いている。このため、図1に示されるように、レンズ装置を取り外した状態において、撮像素子203の撮像面は露出している。 First, referring to FIG. 1, the external configuration of an imaging apparatus 100 including a shutter device (focal plane shutter) according to the present embodiment will be described. FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an imaging device 100. FIG. A power button 110, a release button 130, and an accessory shoe 140 for attaching a photographing accessory such as a strobe device are provided on the top surface of the imaging device 100. FIG. The lens mount 150 is a mounting portion for a lens device (interchangeable lens) (not shown). Since the image pickup apparatus 100 is a mirrorless type image pickup apparatus that does not have a reflex mirror, the shutter curtain is open for live view display in a shooting standby state. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 1, the imaging surface of the imaging element 203 is exposed when the lens device is removed.

次に、図2を参照して、撮像装置100の内部構成について説明する。図2は、撮像装置100のブロック図である。シャッタ装置(フォーカルプレンシャッタ)202は、撮影光路上で被写体からの光を結像する撮像レンズ201とCMOSイメージセンサ等の撮像素子203との間に設けられ、撮像素子203の電子先幕動作と連動して撮像素子203を露光する時間を調節する。撮像素子203は、レンズ装置に設けられた撮像レンズ(撮像光学系)201により結像された被写体像(光学像)を光電変換する。撮像素子203から出力されたアナログ画像信号は、AFE(Analog Front End)204によりデジタル信号に変換される。AFE204から出力されたデジタル画像信号には、DSP(Disital Signal Processer)205によって各種画像処理や圧縮・伸張処理などが行われる。記録媒体206は、DSP205により処理された画像データを記録する。表示部207は、液晶ディスプレイ(LCD)等が使用され、撮影した画像や各種メニュー画面などを表示する。TG(Timing Generator)208は、撮像素子203に駆動信号を供給する。RAM210は、DSP205に接続され、画像データなどを一時的に記憶する。シャッタ駆動回路211は、シャッタ装置202を駆動する。CPU209は、AFE204、DSP205、TG208、およびシャッタ駆動回路211の制御を行う。レンズ制御手段212は、撮像レンズ201の焦点距離、絞り径、瞳径、および瞳と撮像素子203の距離等のレンズ情報をCPU209に出力するとともに、CPU209による制御に応じて絞りやレンズ等を駆動する。 Next, the internal configuration of the imaging device 100 will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 2 is a block diagram of the imaging device 100. As shown in FIG. A shutter device (focal plane shutter) 202 is provided between an imaging lens 201 that forms an image of light from a subject on the imaging optical path and an imaging element 203 such as a CMOS image sensor, and controls the operation of the electronic front curtain of the imaging element 203 . In conjunction with this, the time for exposing the image sensor 203 is adjusted. An imaging device 203 photoelectrically converts a subject image (optical image) formed by an imaging lens (imaging optical system) 201 provided in a lens device. An analog image signal output from the imaging element 203 is converted into a digital signal by an AFE (Analog Front End) 204 . Digital image signals output from the AFE 204 are subjected to various image processing, compression/decompression processing, and the like by a DSP (Distal Signal Processor) 205 . A recording medium 206 records the image data processed by the DSP 205 . A display unit 207 uses a liquid crystal display (LCD) or the like, and displays captured images, various menu screens, and the like. A TG (Timing Generator) 208 supplies a driving signal to the imaging element 203 . A RAM 210 is connected to the DSP 205 and temporarily stores image data and the like. A shutter drive circuit 211 drives the shutter device 202 . A CPU 209 controls the AFE 204 , DSP 205 , TG 208 and shutter driving circuit 211 . The lens control unit 212 outputs lens information such as the focal length, aperture diameter, pupil diameter, and distance between the pupil and the imaging device 203 of the imaging lens 201 to the CPU 209, and drives the aperture, lens, etc. according to the control by the CPU 209. do.

次に、図3(a)、(b)、図4(a)、(b)、および図5(a)、(b)を参照して、シャッタ装置202について説明する。図3(a)、(b)は、シャッタ装置202の分解斜視図である。図3(a)は、シャッタ装置202を撮像素子203が取り付けられる側(撮像素子側)から見た分解斜視図である。図3(b)は、レンズ装置が取り付けられる側(被写体側)から見た分解斜視図である。図4(a)、(b)は撮影待機状態におけるシャッタ装置202の平面図であり、図4(a)は撮像素子側から見た撮影待機状態の平面図、図4(b)は被写体側から見た撮影待機状態の平面図をそれぞれ示す。図5(a)、(b)はシャッタ装置202の要部斜視図であり、図5(a)は先駆動部材7および先カムギア22の構成、図5(b)は後駆動部材8、後駆動補助部材91、および後カムギア23の構成をそれぞれ示す。先カムギア22および後カムギア23は、先駆動部材7および後駆動部材8をそれぞれ移動(回転)させる二つのカムギアである。 Next, the shutter device 202 will be described with reference to FIGS. 3(a), (b), FIGS. 4(a), (b), and FIGS. 5(a), (b). 3A and 3B are exploded perspective views of the shutter device 202. FIG. FIG. 3A is an exploded perspective view of the shutter device 202 as seen from the side where the image sensor 203 is attached (image sensor side). FIG. 3B is an exploded perspective view seen from the side (object side) to which the lens device is attached. 4A and 4B are plan views of the shutter device 202 in the shooting standby state, FIG. 4A is a plan view of the shooting standby state viewed from the image sensor side, and FIG. 4B is the subject side. 4A and 4B are plan views of the photographing standby state viewed from the top. 5(a) and 5(b) are perspective views of essential parts of the shutter device 202, FIG. 5(a) showing the configuration of the front driving member 7 and the front cam gear 22, and FIG. The configurations of the drive assisting member 91 and the rear cam gear 23 are respectively shown. The front cam gear 22 and the rear cam gear 23 are two cam gears that move (rotate) the front driving member 7 and the rear driving member 8, respectively.

シャッタ地板1の被写体側には、仕切り板2とカバー板3がそれぞれ所定の間隔をあけて順に取り付けられている。シャッタ地板1、仕切り板2、カバー板3の三つの板部材には、類似した形状のアパーチャ1a、アパーチャ2a、アパーチャ3aが形成されており、これら3つのアパーチャを重ね合わせた長方形の開口(露光開口)が、シャッタを通過する光束を規定している。また、これら三つの板部材の間に二つの羽根室を形成し、それらの羽根室内には遮光羽根と羽根アームからなるシャッタ羽根が、先羽根群4および後羽根群5として個別に配置される。先羽根群4および後姉群は、露光用の開口を開閉する二つの羽根群である。 A partition plate 2 and a cover plate 3 are attached in order on the subject side of the shutter base plate 1 with a predetermined space therebetween. Apertures 1a, 2a, and 3a having similar shapes are formed in the three plate members of the shutter base plate 1, the partition plate 2, and the cover plate 3. A rectangular opening (exposure aperture) defines the light flux passing through the shutter. Also, two blade chambers are formed between these three plate members, and shutter blades comprising light shielding blades and blade arms are individually arranged as front blade group 4 and rear blade group 5 in these blade chambers. . The front blade group 4 and the rear blade group are two blade groups for opening and closing an exposure aperture.

シャッタ地板1の強度向上のため、また、各種金属軸を加締めるために、金属で形成された補助地板6が、シャッタ地板1とビスによって締結されている。補助地板6には、撮像素子側に軸6a、6b、6c、6d、6e、6f、6mが立設されている。軸6a、6b、6c、6dには、先駆動部材7、後駆動部材8、後駆動補助部材91、先係止部材9、および後係止部材10がそれぞれ回転可能に取り付けられている。後駆動部材8と後駆動補助部材91はともに軸6bに取り付けられており、回転中心が同じである。補助地板6の被写体側には、先駆動源24、後駆動源25(ともにDCモータ)がそれぞれビスによって締結されている。 In order to improve the strength of the shutter base plate 1 and to crimp various metal shafts, an auxiliary base plate 6 made of metal is fastened to the shutter base plate 1 with screws. Auxiliary base plate 6 has shafts 6a, 6b, 6c, 6d, 6e, 6f, and 6m erected on the imaging element side. A front drive member 7, a rear drive member 8, a rear drive auxiliary member 91, a front locking member 9, and a rear locking member 10 are rotatably attached to the shafts 6a, 6b, 6c, and 6d, respectively. Both the rear drive member 8 and the rear drive auxiliary member 91 are attached to the shaft 6b and have the same center of rotation. A front drive source 24 and a rear drive source 25 (both DC motors) are fastened to the object side of the auxiliary base plate 6 with screws.

補助地板6の被写体側には、ギア地板26がビスによって締結されている。先カムギア22および後カムギア23は、ギア地板26の撮像素子側に立設された軸26a、26bに、それぞれ回転可能に取り付けられている。ギア地板26の撮像素子側の軸26c、26eには先減速ギア群27が、軸26d、26fには後減速ギア群28が、それぞれ回転可能に軸支されている。先駆動源24の出力軸24aには、先減速ギア群27および先カムギア22が連結している。後駆動源25の出力軸25aには、後減速ギア群28および後カムギア23が同様に連結している。このようにして、先駆動源24と後駆動源25のトルクを先カムギア22および後カムギア23にそれぞれ伝達している。先駆動源24、後駆動源25は正転および逆転のいずれでも使用可能であり、ここでは図4(a)において先カムギア22、後カムギア23が反時計方向に回転する方向を正転と定義する。 A gear base plate 26 is fastened with screws to the object side of the auxiliary base plate 6 . The front cam gear 22 and the rear cam gear 23 are rotatably attached to shafts 26a and 26b, respectively, which stand on the gear base plate 26 on the imaging element side. A front reduction gear group 27 and a rear reduction gear group 28 are rotatably supported on shafts 26c and 26e of the gear base plate 26 on the imaging element side, and shafts 26d and 26f, respectively. A front reduction gear group 27 and a front cam gear 22 are connected to the output shaft 24 a of the front drive source 24 . A rear reduction gear group 28 and a rear cam gear 23 are similarly connected to the output shaft 25 a of the rear drive source 25 . In this manner, the torques of the front drive source 24 and the rear drive source 25 are transmitted to the front cam gear 22 and the rear cam gear 23, respectively. The front drive source 24 and the rear drive source 25 can be used for both forward and reverse rotation. Here, forward rotation is defined as the direction in which the front cam gear 22 and the rear cam gear 23 rotate counterclockwise in FIG. 4(a). do.

以後、回転方向は、図4(a)にて定義する。先駆動部材7は、先駆動ばね12の付勢力により、反時計方向に付勢されている。後駆動部材8は、後駆動ばね13の付勢力により、反時計方向に付勢されている。先駆動部材7および後駆動部材8は、先羽根群4および後羽根群5を開口の開放位置と閉鎖位置との間でそれぞれ駆動する二つの駆動部材である。 Henceforth, a rotation direction is defined in Fig.4 (a). The front drive member 7 is biased counterclockwise by the biasing force of the front drive spring 12 . The rear driving member 8 is biased counterclockwise by the biasing force of the rear driving spring 13 . The leading drive member 7 and the trailing drive member 8 are two drive members that drive the leading blade group 4 and the trailing blade group 5 respectively between the open and closed positions of the aperture.

後駆動補助部材(駆動補助部材)91は、後駆動補助ばね92の付勢力により反時計方向に付勢されており、二つの駆動部材の一つである後駆動部材8を押動可能(後押し可能)に構成されたブーストレバーである。後駆動部材8は、後駆動補助部材91から、反時計方向に後押しを受けて動作できるように構成されており、後押しの有無は撮影モードによって異なる。セット動作時には、先駆動部材7は、先カムギア22によって、時計方向に、先駆動ばね12の付勢力に抗して回転させられる。後駆動部材8および後駆動補助部材91は、後カムギア23により、時計方向に、後駆動ばね13および後駆動補助ばね92の付勢力に抗して回転させられる。そして、図11に示される走行待機状態において、先駆動部材7、後駆動部材8に設けられた被係止部7a、被係止部8aと、先係止部材9、後係止部材10とがそれぞれ係合することにより、先駆動部材7および後駆動部材8が係止される。すなわち先係止部材9および後係止部材10は、先駆動部材7および後駆動部材8をそれぞれ係止可能な二つの係止部材である。係止解除部材51および係止解除部材52は、電磁アクチュエータベース50とともに、電磁アクチュエータを形成し、係止解除部材51および係止解除部材52の回転により、それぞれ先係止部材9および後係止部材10を作動させることができる。 A rear driving auxiliary member (driving auxiliary member) 91 is urged counterclockwise by the urging force of a rear driving auxiliary spring 92, and can push the rear driving member 8, which is one of the two driving members. possible). The rear driving member 8 is configured to be able to operate by being pushed in the counterclockwise direction by the rear driving auxiliary member 91, and whether or not the rear driving member 8 is pushed depends on the shooting mode. During the setting operation, the front driving member 7 is rotated clockwise by the front cam gear 22 against the biasing force of the front driving spring 12 . The rear driving member 8 and the rear driving auxiliary member 91 are rotated clockwise by the rear cam gear 23 against the urging forces of the rear driving spring 13 and the rear driving auxiliary spring 92 . 11, in the traveling standby state shown in FIG. are engaged with each other, the front driving member 7 and the rear driving member 8 are locked. That is, the front locking member 9 and the rear locking member 10 are two locking members capable of locking the front driving member 7 and the rear driving member 8, respectively. The unlocking member 51 and the unlocking member 52 together with the electromagnetic actuator base 50 form an electromagnetic actuator. Member 10 can be activated.

先駆動部材7および後駆動部材8には、それぞれ先駆動ピン7bおよび後駆動ピン8bが設けられている。それらは、シャッタ地板1と補助地板6とカバー板3の3組の長孔1bと長孔1c、長孔6gと長孔6h、長孔3bと長孔3cを貫通しつつ、羽根アーム4a、羽根アーム5aの長孔4c、長孔5cと係合している。また先駆動部材7には、ローラ14、15が回転可能に取り付けられている。後駆動部材8には、ローラ16、17が回転可能に取り付けられている。後駆動補助部材91には、ローラ93が回転可能に取り付けられている。ローラ14、15を介して、先駆動部材7のセット動作が先カムギア22によって好適に行われる。また、ローラ16、17を介して後駆動部材8のセット動作が、ローラ93を介して後駆動補助部材91のセット動作が、それぞれ後カムギア23によって好適に行われる。 The front driving member 7 and the rear driving member 8 are provided with a front driving pin 7b and a rear driving pin 8b, respectively. While penetrating three sets of long holes 1b and 1c, long holes 6g and 6h, and long holes 3b and 3c of the shutter base plate 1, the auxiliary base plate 6 and the cover plate 3, the blade arms 4a, It engages with the elongated holes 4c and 5c of the blade arm 5a. Further, rollers 14 and 15 are rotatably attached to the front driving member 7 . Rollers 16 and 17 are rotatably mounted on the rear drive member 8 . A roller 93 is rotatably attached to the rear drive auxiliary member 91 . The setting operation of the front drive member 7 is preferably performed by the front cam gear 22 via the rollers 14 and 15 . Also, the setting operation of the rear driving member 8 via the rollers 16 and 17 and the setting operation of the rear driving auxiliary member 91 via the roller 93 are preferably performed by the rear cam gear 23 respectively.

本実施形態において、先カムギア22にはカム面22a、22bが形成され、後カムギア23にはカム面23a、23b、23cが形成されている。そして、先駆動部材7に取り付けられたローラ14、15、後駆動補助部材91に取り付けられたローラ93、後駆動部材8に取り付けられたローラ16、17と、順次接触してセット動作が行われるように構成されている。これにより、先駆動部材7、後駆動部材8、後駆動補助部材91と先カムギア22、後カムギア23のセット動作時の回転量が平均化されるため、セット動作時の最大負荷を低減させることが可能である。ところで、関係部品の許容公差によっては、先駆動部材7、後駆動部材8、後駆動補助部材91を許容範囲内のセット位置にもたらせないものができることがある。その際には、このローラ15、ローラ17、ローラ93を交換することで、先駆動部材7、後駆動部材8、後駆動補助部材91のセット位置を調整することができる。 In this embodiment, the front cam gear 22 is formed with cam surfaces 22a and 22b, and the rear cam gear 23 is formed with cam surfaces 23a, 23b and 23c. Then, the rollers 14 and 15 attached to the front drive member 7, the roller 93 attached to the rear drive auxiliary member 91, and the rollers 16 and 17 attached to the rear drive member 8 are brought into contact with each other in order to perform the setting operation. is configured as As a result, the amounts of rotation of the front drive member 7, the rear drive member 8, the rear drive auxiliary member 91, the front cam gear 22, and the rear cam gear 23 during the set operation are averaged, thereby reducing the maximum load during the set operation. is possible. By the way, depending on the allowable tolerance of the related parts, the front drive member 7, the rear drive member 8, and the rear drive auxiliary member 91 may not be brought to the set positions within the allowable range. In this case, by replacing the rollers 15, 17 and 93, the set positions of the front drive member 7, the rear drive member 8 and the rear drive auxiliary member 91 can be adjusted.

羽根位相検出手段29、羽根位相検出手段30、およびカム位相検出手段31は、非接触の光学式位相検出手段であり、補助地板6の撮像素子側に配置された押さえ地板11に取り付けられている。本実施形態では、羽根位相検出手段29、羽根位相検出手段30、およびカム位相検出手段31として、それぞれフォトインタラプタが用いられる。一方、カム位相検出手段32は、接触式の位相検出手段である。羽根位相は、先駆動部材7、後駆動部材8の被検出部7f、被検出部8fによる羽根位相検出手段29、羽根位相検出手段30の遮光状態を判別することで検出される。先カムギア22のカム位相は、被検出部22cによるカム位相検出手段31の遮光状態を判別することで検出される。後カムギア23のカム位相は、後カムギア23に取り付けられた不図示の位相検知接片が、カム位相検出手段32に接触する位置を判別することで検出される。 The blade phase detection means 29, the blade phase detection means 30, and the cam phase detection means 31 are non-contact optical phase detection means, and are attached to the pressing base plate 11 arranged on the imaging element side of the auxiliary base plate 6. . In this embodiment, photointerrupters are used as the blade phase detection means 29, the blade phase detection means 30, and the cam phase detection means 31, respectively. On the other hand, the cam phase detection means 32 is contact type phase detection means. The blade phase is detected by determining the light blocking state of the blade phase detection means 29 and the blade phase detection means 30 by the detected portion 7f and the detected portion 8f of the front drive member 7 and the rear drive member 8, respectively. The cam phase of the leading cam gear 22 is detected by determining the light blocking state of the cam phase detecting means 31 by the detected portion 22c. The cam phase of the rear cam gear 23 is detected by determining the position at which a phase detection contact piece (not shown) attached to the rear cam gear 23 contacts the cam phase detection means 32 .

本実施形態において、先羽根群4および後羽根群5はそれぞれ、二組の羽根アーム4a、4bおよび羽根アーム5a、5bと、四組の羽根4d、4e、4f、4gおよび羽根5d、5e、5f、5gとで構成されている。先羽根群4は、二つの羽根アーム4a、4bが、補助地板6の被写体側において、軸6i、6jに回動自在に枢着されている。四枚枚の羽根4d、4e、4f、4gは、羽根アーム4a、4bに対して、連結軸33を介して、枢支されている。羽根アーム4aには、長孔4cが形成されており、先駆動部材7の先駆動ピン7bが係合している。後羽根群5は、二つの羽根アーム5a、5bが、補助地板6の被写体側において、軸6k、6lに回動自在に枢着されている。そして、四枚の羽根5d、5e、5f、5gが、羽根アーム5a、5bに対して、連結軸33を介して、枢支されている。羽根アーム5aには、長孔5cが形成されており、後駆動部材8の後駆動ピン8bが係合している。 In this embodiment, the leading blade group 4 and the trailing blade group 5 respectively include two sets of blade arms 4a, 4b and blade arms 5a, 5b, four sets of blades 4d, 4e, 4f, 4g and blades 5d, 5e, 5f and 5g. The front blade group 4 has two blade arms 4a and 4b that are rotatably attached to shafts 6i and 6j on the object side of the auxiliary base plate 6. As shown in FIG. The four blades 4d, 4e, 4f, and 4g are pivotally supported via connecting shafts 33 with respect to the blade arms 4a and 4b. A long hole 4c is formed in the blade arm 4a, and a front drive pin 7b of the front drive member 7 is engaged. The rear blade group 5 has two blade arms 5a and 5b rotatably attached to shafts 6k and 6l on the object side of the auxiliary base plate 6. As shown in FIG. Four blades 5d, 5e, 5f and 5g are pivotally supported via connecting shafts 33 with respect to the blade arms 5a and 5b. A long hole 5c is formed in the blade arm 5a, and a rear driving pin 8b of the rear driving member 8 is engaged.

次に、図4乃至図14を参照して、本実施形態における連写撮影時の撮影動作について説明する。なお、本実施形態の撮影シーケンスは、電子先幕撮影モード(第二のモード)とメカ先幕撮影モード(第一のモード)の2つのモードに分かれている。ここで、メカ先幕撮影モードは、二つの羽根群のそれぞれの二つのスリット形成部を用いて露光を行うモードであり、電子先幕撮影モードは、撮像装置の電子シャッタと二つの羽根群の一つのスリット形成部とを用いて露光を行うモードである。 Next, a shooting operation during continuous shooting in this embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 4 to 14. FIG. Note that the shooting sequence of this embodiment is divided into two modes: an electronic front-curtain shooting mode (second mode) and a mechanical front-curtain shooting mode (first mode). Here, the mechanical front curtain shooting mode is a mode in which exposure is performed using the two slit forming portions of each of the two blade groups. In this mode, exposure is performed using one slit forming portion.

図6は、電子先幕撮影モードにおけるシャッタ装置202の各構成部品および撮像素子203の動作タイミングを表すタイミングチャートである。図10は、メカ先幕撮影モードにおけるシャッタ装置202の各構成部品および撮像素子203の動作タイミングを表すタイミングチャートである。図6中の状態(1)~(11)、図10の状態(1)~(12)は、以降に説明するそれぞれの各動作状態に対応している。 FIG. 6 is a timing chart showing operation timings of each component of the shutter device 202 and the image sensor 203 in the electronic front curtain shooting mode. FIG. 10 is a timing chart showing operation timings of each component of the shutter device 202 and the image sensor 203 in the mechanical front curtain shooting mode. States (1) to (11) in FIG. 6 and states (1) to (12) in FIG. 10 correspond to respective operation states described below.

まず、電子先幕撮影モードについて説明する。図4(a)、(b)は、撮影待機状態におけるシャッタ装置202の平面図である。図7は、後幕セット解除後の走行待機状態におけるシャッタ装置202の平面図である。図8は、後羽根走行完了後のセット動作直前の状態におけるシャッタ装置202の平面図である。図9は、後幕セット動作が完了した状態におけるシャッタ装置202の平面図である。 First, the electronic front curtain shooting mode will be described. 4A and 4B are plan views of the shutter device 202 in a shooting standby state. FIG. 7 is a plan view of the shutter device 202 in the running standby state after the trailing curtain is released. FIG. 8 is a plan view of the shutter device 202 in a state immediately before the setting operation after the trailing blade has completed running. FIG. 9 is a plan view of the shutter device 202 after the trailing curtain setting operation is completed.

撮影待機状態(図6中の状態(1))において、シャッタ装置202は、図4(a)、(b)に示されるように、先駆動部材7の走行が完了した状態である。一方、後駆動部材8は、後カムギア23のカムトップ(カムトップ位置)に保持され、後駆動部材8の被係止部8aと後係止部材10の係止部10aとの間に隙間8eを有するオーバーチャージ状態である。先羽根群4および後羽根群5は露光開口から退避しているため、被写体光束は露光開口を通過する。撮像装置100では、ライブビュー撮像動作が行われ、撮像素子203に入射した被写体像が表示部207に表示される。 In the photographing standby state (state (1) in FIG. 6), the shutter device 202 is in a state where the leading driving member 7 has completed traveling, as shown in FIGS. 4(a) and 4(b). On the other hand, the rear driving member 8 is held at the cam top (cam top position) of the rear cam gear 23, and the gap 8e is formed between the locked portion 8a of the rear driving member 8 and the locking portion 10a of the rear locking member 10. is an overcharge condition with Since the front blade group 4 and the rear blade group 5 are retracted from the exposure aperture, the subject light flux passes through the exposure aperture. In the imaging apparatus 100 , a live view imaging operation is performed, and a subject image incident on the imaging device 203 is displayed on the display unit 207 .

撮像装置100のレリーズボタン130が押されると、レリーズ動作が開始(図6中の状態(2))され、後駆動部材8のセット解除動作が行われる。後駆動源25に対して正転方向に通電が行われ、後減速ギア群28を介して後カムギア23が反時計方向に回動する。ローラ17は後カムギア23のカム面23bから、ローラ93は後カムギア23のカム面23cから離れ、後駆動部材8、後駆動補助部材91、および後羽根群5は、一体となって反時計方向にわずかに回転し、オーバーチャージ状態が解除される。このとき、後駆動部材8の被係止部8aと後係止部材10の係止部10aとの間の隙間8eは無くなり、後駆動部材8の被係止部8aが後係止部材10の係止部10aに係合することにより、後駆動部材8が走行開始位置で停止する。また、後駆動補助ばね92の付勢を受けて、後駆動補助部材91の被係止部91aは、後駆動部材8の被係止部8aを後押しした状態で停止している。後カムギア23が後駆動部材8および後駆動補助部材91の走行範囲から退避(カムボトム)した後、カム位相検出手段32は、図6に示される第二の撮影位相を検出して後駆動源25を停止させ、図7の走行待機状態となる(図6中の状態(3))。 When the release button 130 of the imaging device 100 is pressed, the release operation is started (state (2) in FIG. 6), and the setting release operation of the rear driving member 8 is performed. The rear drive source 25 is energized in the normal direction, and the rear cam gear 23 rotates counterclockwise via the rear reduction gear group 28 . The roller 17 is separated from the cam surface 23b of the rear cam gear 23, the roller 93 is separated from the cam surface 23c of the rear cam gear 23, and the rear drive member 8, the rear drive auxiliary member 91, and the rear blade group 5 are integrally rotated counterclockwise. , and the overcharge state is released. At this time, the gap 8e between the locked portion 8a of the rear driving member 8 and the locking portion 10a of the rear locking member 10 disappears, and The rear drive member 8 stops at the travel start position by engaging with the locking portion 10a. Further, the engaged portion 91a of the rear drive auxiliary member 91 is stopped while pushing the engaged portion 8a of the rear drive member 8 under the bias of the rear drive auxiliary spring 92 . After the rear cam gear 23 retreats (cam bottoms) from the running range of the rear drive member 8 and the rear drive auxiliary member 91, the cam phase detection means 32 detects the second photographing phase shown in FIG. is stopped, and the running standby state shown in FIG. 7 is entered (state (3) in FIG. 6).

撮像素子203の全画素をリセット状態にした後(図6中の状態(4))、電子先幕走査が開始される(図6中の状態(5))。電子先幕走査は、後駆動部材8が後駆動補助部材91によって後押しされたときの後羽根群5の走行特性に合わせた走査パターンとなっている。設定されたシャッタ秒時に対応する時間が経過した後、図3(a)に示される係止解除部材52が後係止部材10の押動部10bにぶつかる。これにより、後係止部材10を軸6dの周りに反時計回りに回転させ、後駆動部材8の被係止部8aの係合を解除する(図6中の状態(6))。すると、図7に示される走行待機状態から、後駆動部材8、および後駆動補助部材91が、後駆動ばね13と後駆動補助ばね92の付勢力によって、軸6bの周りに反時計方向へ急速に回転させられる。このときの回転速度は、後駆動部材8が後駆動補助部材91の後押しを受けなかった場合よりも速い。後駆動部材8の回転によって、後駆動ピン8bが羽根アーム5aを反時計方向へ回動させるため、後羽根群5が露光開口を覆っていく。後駆動補助部材91は途中で、軸6mに当接し、停止する。 After resetting all the pixels of the image sensor 203 (state (4) in FIG. 6), electronic front curtain scanning is started (state (5) in FIG. 6). The electronic front curtain scanning has a scanning pattern that matches the running characteristics of the rear blade group 5 when the rear drive member 8 is pushed by the rear drive auxiliary member 91 . After the time corresponding to the set shutter time has elapsed, the unlocking member 52 shown in FIG. As a result, the rear locking member 10 is rotated counterclockwise around the shaft 6d to release the engagement of the locked portion 8a of the rear driving member 8 (state (6) in FIG. 6). 7, the rear driving member 8 and the rear driving auxiliary member 91 are rapidly moved counterclockwise around the shaft 6b by the urging forces of the rear driving spring 13 and the rear driving auxiliary spring 92. is rotated to The rotation speed at this time is faster than when the rear drive member 8 is not pushed by the rear drive auxiliary member 91 . As the rear drive member 8 rotates, the rear drive pin 8b rotates the blade arm 5a counterclockwise, so that the rear blade group 5 covers the exposure aperture. The rear drive auxiliary member 91 comes into contact with the shaft 6m on the way and stops.

以後、後駆動部材8は後駆動補助部材91の後押し無しに回転を続ける。後駆動補助部材91が、後駆動部材8の回転の一部区間のみで後押しするのは、全域で後押しするよりも、より少ないエネルギーで所定の幕速が出せるためである。露光作動が続けられ、後羽根群5の羽根5dのスリット形成縁(スリット形成部)5hが露光開口の下方へ退いた段階で、後駆動ピン8bが不図示の停止部材に当接し、後駆動部材8が停止させられる。図8は、そのようにして行われた羽根走行完了状態を示す。後羽根群5の走行が終了し、撮像素子203が完全に遮光されると、電荷の読出し走査が開始される(図6中の状態(7))。 After that, the rear driving member 8 continues to rotate without being pushed by the rear driving auxiliary member 91 . The reason why the rear driving auxiliary member 91 pushes the rear driving member 8 only in a partial section of rotation is that a predetermined curtain speed can be achieved with less energy than pushing in the entire rotation. The exposure operation is continued, and when the slit forming edge (slit forming portion) 5h of the blade 5d of the rear blade group 5 retreats below the exposure opening, the rear drive pin 8b abuts on a stop member (not shown), and the rear drive is started. Member 8 is stopped. FIG. 8 shows a state in which the blade travel is completed in such a manner. When the trailing blade group 5 finishes traveling and the image pickup device 203 is completely shielded from light, charge readout scanning is started (state (7) in FIG. 6).

後羽根群5の走行完了から所定時間後に、先駆動源24に対して正転方向に通電が行われ(図6中の状態(8))、先カムギア22が軸26aの周りに反時計方向へ回動する。それに伴い、先駆動部材7が先カムギア22と接触し、先駆動ばね12の付勢力に抗しながら軸6aの周りに時計方向へ回動させられる。先駆動源24の通電開始から所定時間後、先駆動部材7が先カムギア22のカムトップに到達する前に、後駆動源25に対して正転方向に通電が行われ(図6中の状態(9))、後カムギア23が軸26bの周りに反時計方向へ回動する。それに伴い、後駆動補助部材91が後カムギア23と接触し、後駆動補助ばね92の付勢力に抗しながら、軸6bの周りに時計方向へ回動させられる。続いて、後駆動部材8が後カムギア23と接触し、後駆動ばね13の付勢力に抗しながら軸6bの周りに時計方向へ回動させられる。 After a predetermined time has passed since the trailing blade group 5 has completed running, the leading drive source 24 is energized in the forward rotation direction (state (8) in FIG. 6), and the leading cam gear 22 rotates counterclockwise around the shaft 26a. rotate to. Accordingly, the front drive member 7 comes into contact with the front cam gear 22 and is rotated clockwise around the shaft 6a while resisting the biasing force of the front drive spring 12. As shown in FIG. After a predetermined period of time from the start of energization of the front drive source 24, before the front drive member 7 reaches the cam top of the front cam gear 22, the rear drive source 25 is energized in the forward rotation direction (state shown in FIG. 6). (9)), the rear cam gear 23 rotates counterclockwise around the shaft 26b. Along with this, the rear drive assisting member 91 comes into contact with the rear cam gear 23 and is rotated clockwise around the shaft 6 b while resisting the biasing force of the rear drive assisting spring 92 . Subsequently, the rear drive member 8 comes into contact with the rear cam gear 23 and is rotated clockwise around the shaft 6b while resisting the biasing force of the rear drive spring 13. As shown in FIG.

一方、このときの先羽根群4、後羽根群5の動きについては、以下の通りである。先駆動部材7の先駆動ピン7bによって、羽根アーム4aが時計方向へ回動して、羽根4d、4e、4f、4gは相互の重なりを小さくしつつ上方へ移動していく。また、後駆動部材8の後駆動ピン8bによって、羽根アーム5aが時計方向へ回動して、羽根5d、5e、5f、5gは相互の重なりを大きくしつつ上方へ移動していく。先駆動部材7が先カムギア22のカムトップを通過して回動を続けると、先駆動部材7の被係止部7aが先係止部材9の係止部9aに係合することによって、先駆動部材7が走行開始位置で停止する。先カムギア22はさらに回動を続けるが、先駆動部材7の走行範囲から退避(カムボトム)した後、カム位相検出手段31が停止位相を検出すると、先駆動源24への通電を停止する。 On the other hand, the movements of the front blade group 4 and the rear blade group 5 at this time are as follows. The blade arm 4a is rotated clockwise by the front drive pin 7b of the front drive member 7, and the blades 4d, 4e, 4f, and 4g move upward while reducing mutual overlap. Further, the blade arm 5a is rotated clockwise by the rear drive pin 8b of the rear drive member 8, and the blades 5d, 5e, 5f, and 5g move upward while increasing mutual overlap. When the front driving member 7 passes the cam top of the front cam gear 22 and continues to rotate, the locked portion 7a of the front driving member 7 engages the locking portion 9a of the front locking member 9, thereby The drive member 7 stops at the travel start position. The front cam gear 22 continues to rotate, but when the cam phase detection means 31 detects the stop phase after the front cam gear 22 has retreated (cam bottomed) from the travel range of the front drive member 7, the power supply to the front drive source 24 is stopped.

後駆動部材8も同様に、後カムギア23のカムトップを通過して回動を続け、後駆動部材8の被係止部8aが後係止部材10の係止部10aに係合することによって、後駆動部材8が走行開始位置で停止する。後カムギア23はさらに回動を続けるが、後駆動部材8の走行範囲から退避(カムボトム)した後、カム位相検出手段32が停止位相を検出すると、後駆動源25への通電を停止する(図6中の状態(10))。 Similarly, the rear driving member 8 continues to rotate after passing the cam top of the rear cam gear 23, and the locked portion 8a of the rear driving member 8 engages the locking portion 10a of the rear locking member 10. , the rear drive member 8 stops at the travel start position. The rear cam gear 23 continues to rotate, but when the cam phase detection means 32 detects the stop phase after retreating (cam bottoming) from the travel range of the rear drive member 8, the power supply to the rear drive source 25 is stopped (Fig. State (10) in 6).

図9は、後幕セット動作が完了した状態を示す。ここからライブビュー状態に移行するため、先駆動部材7ならびに先羽根群4の走行が行われる。図3(a)に示される係止解除部材51が先係止部材9の押動部9bにぶつかることで、先係止部材9を軸6cの周りに反時計回りに回転させ、先駆動部材7の被係止部7aの係合を解除する。すると、先駆動部材7が先駆動ばね12の付勢力により、軸6aの周りに反時計方向へ急速に回転させられる。これにより、先駆動ピン7bが羽根アーム4aを反時計方向へ回動させるため、先羽根群4が露光開口を開いていく。先羽根群4の羽根4dのスリット形成縁(スリット形成部)4hが露光開口の下方へ退いた段階で、先駆動ピン7bが不図示の停止部材に当接し、先駆動部材7が停止させられ、先羽根群4の走行が完了し、図4の走行待機状態となる。 FIG. 9 shows a state in which the trailing curtain set operation is completed. In order to shift to the live view state from here, the front driving member 7 and the front blade group 4 are moved. The unlocking member 51 shown in FIG. 3A collides with the pushing portion 9b of the pre-locking member 9, thereby rotating the pre-locking member 9 counterclockwise around the shaft 6c, and the pre-driving member 7 is disengaged from the engaged portion 7a. Then, the front drive member 7 is rapidly rotated counterclockwise around the shaft 6a by the biasing force of the front drive spring 12. As shown in FIG. As a result, the front driving pin 7b rotates the blade arm 4a counterclockwise, so that the front blade group 4 opens the exposure aperture. When the slit forming edge (slit forming portion) 4h of the blade 4d of the front blade group 4 retreats below the exposure opening, the front driving pin 7b comes into contact with a stop member (not shown), and the front driving member 7 is stopped. , the traveling of the front blade group 4 is completed, and the traveling standby state shown in FIG. 4 is entered.

先羽根群4の走行完了後、先駆動源24を停止したところで、撮像素子203はライブビュー撮像動作を開始し、次のコマの撮影準備が行われる(図6中の状態(10))。次のコマの撮影準備が終わると図6中の状態(1)に戻り、以降、図6中の状態(1)から状態(10)までの一連の撮影動作が繰り返される。 After the front blade group 4 has completed traveling, the front drive source 24 is stopped, and the imaging device 203 starts the live view imaging operation to prepare for photographing the next frame (state (10) in FIG. 6). When preparations for photographing the next frame are completed, the state returns to state (1) in FIG. 6, and thereafter a series of photographing operations from state (1) to state (10) in FIG. 6 are repeated.

次に、メカ先幕撮影モードについて説明する。図4は、撮影待機状態のシャッタ装置202を示す。図11は、後幕セット解除後の走行待機状態におけるシャッタ装置202の平面図である。図12は、後羽根走行完了後のセット動作直前の状態におけるシャッタ装置202の平面図である。図13は、セット動作中に後カムギア23がカム面23cのカムボトム位置にあるときの状態のシャッタ装置202の平面図である。図14(a)、(b)は後カムギア23のカム形状を示す図であり、図14(a)は後カムギア23のカム面23cの形状を示し、図14(b)に示される後カムギア23の断面A-Aに相当する。 Next, the mechanical front curtain shooting mode will be described. FIG. 4 shows the shutter device 202 in a shooting standby state. FIG. 11 is a plan view of the shutter device 202 in the running standby state after the trailing curtain is released. FIG. 12 is a plan view of the shutter device 202 in a state immediately before the setting operation after the trailing blade has completed running. FIG. 13 is a plan view of the shutter device 202 when the rear cam gear 23 is at the cam bottom position on the cam surface 23c during the setting operation. 14(a) and (b) are diagrams showing the cam shape of the rear cam gear 23. FIG. 14(a) shows the shape of the cam surface 23c of the rear cam gear 23, and the rear cam gear shown in FIG. 14(b). 23 cross section AA.

撮影待機状態(図10中の状態(1))において、シャッタ装置202は、図4(a)、(b)に示されるように、先駆動部材7の走行が完了した状態である。一方、後駆動部材8は、後カムギア23のカムトップに保持され、後駆動部材8の被係止部8aと後係止部材10の係止部10aに隙間8eを有するオーバーチャージ状態である。先羽根群4および後羽根群5は露光開口から退避しているため、被写体光束は露光開口を通過する。撮像装置100では、ライブビュー撮像動作が行われ、撮像素子203に入射した被写体像が表示部207に表示される。 In the photographing standby state (state (1) in FIG. 10), the shutter device 202 is in a state in which the leading driving member 7 has completed traveling, as shown in FIGS. 4(a) and 4(b). On the other hand, the rear driving member 8 is held by the cam top of the rear cam gear 23, and is in an overcharged state with a gap 8e between the locked portion 8a of the rear driving member 8 and the locking portion 10a of the rear locking member 10. FIG. Since the front blade group 4 and the rear blade group 5 are retracted from the exposure aperture, the subject light flux passes through the exposure aperture. In the imaging apparatus 100 , a live view imaging operation is performed, and a subject image incident on the imaging device 203 is displayed on the display unit 207 .

撮像装置100のレリーズボタン130が押されると、先幕のセット動作およびセット解除動作、後幕のセット解除動作が開始し(図10中の状態(2))、先駆動源24に対して正転方向に通電が行われ、先カムギア22が軸26aの周りに反時計方向へ回動する。それに伴い、先駆動部材7が先カムギア22と接触し、先駆動ばね12の付勢力に抗しながら軸6aの周りに時計方向へ回動させられる。また、これと同時に、後駆動部材8のセット解除動作が行われる。後駆動源25に対して正転方向に通電が行われ、後減速ギア群28を介して後カムギア23が反時計方向に回動する。ローラ17は後カムギア23のカム面23bから離れ、後駆動部材8は後羽根群5と一体となって反時計方向にわずかに回転してオーバーチャージ状態が解除される。後駆動部材8の被係止部8aと、後係止部材10の係止部10aとの間の隙間8eが無くなり、後駆動部材8の被係止部8aが後係止部材10の係止部10aに係合することによって、後駆動部材8が走行開始位置で停止する。後カムギア23が後駆動部材8の走行範囲から退避(カムボトム)した後で、カム位相検出手段32は、図10中に示される第一の撮影位相を検出して後駆動源25を停止させ、図11の走行待機状態となる(図10中の状態(3))。 When the release button 130 of the image pickup apparatus 100 is pressed, the front curtain set operation and set release operation, and the rear curtain set release operation are started (state (2) in FIG. 10). Electricity is supplied in the rotation direction, and the front cam gear 22 rotates counterclockwise around the shaft 26a. Accordingly, the front drive member 7 comes into contact with the front cam gear 22 and is rotated clockwise around the shaft 6a while resisting the biasing force of the front drive spring 12. As shown in FIG. At the same time, the setting release operation of the rear driving member 8 is performed. The rear drive source 25 is energized in the normal direction, and the rear cam gear 23 rotates counterclockwise via the rear reduction gear group 28 . The roller 17 is separated from the cam surface 23b of the rear cam gear 23, and the rear drive member 8 rotates slightly counterclockwise together with the rear blade group 5 to release the overcharged state. The gap 8e between the engaged portion 8a of the rear driving member 8 and the engaging portion 10a of the rear engaging member 10 is eliminated, and the engaged portion 8a of the rear driving member 8 engages the rear engaging member 10. By engaging the portion 10a, the rear drive member 8 is stopped at the travel start position. After the rear cam gear 23 retreats (cam bottoms) from the running range of the rear drive member 8, the cam phase detection means 32 detects the first photographing phase shown in FIG. 10 to stop the rear drive source 25, 11 (state (3) in FIG. 10).

一方、後駆動補助部材91は、後カムギア23のカム面23cに保持された状態である。先駆動部材7が先カムギア22のカムトップを通過して回動を続けると、先駆動部材7の被係止部7aが先係止部材9の係止部9aに係合することによって、先駆動部材7が走行開始位置で停止する。その後、先カムギア22が先駆動部材7の走行範囲から退避(カムボトム)した後、カム位相検出手段31の停止位相を検出して先駆動源24を停止する。 On the other hand, the rear drive auxiliary member 91 is held by the cam surface 23 c of the rear cam gear 23 . When the front driving member 7 passes the cam top of the front cam gear 22 and continues to rotate, the locked portion 7a of the front driving member 7 engages the locking portion 9a of the front locking member 9, thereby The drive member 7 stops at the travel start position. Thereafter, after the front cam gear 22 retreats (cam bottoms) from the traveling range of the front drive member 7, the stop phase of the cam phase detection means 31 is detected and the front drive source 24 is stopped.

先駆動源24が停止した後、所定時間が経過すると、係止解除部材51が先係止部材9の押動部9bにぶつかることで、先係止部材9を軸6cの周りに反時計回りに回転させ、先駆動部材7の被係止部7aの係合を解除する(図10中の状態(5))。すると、図11に示される走行待機状態から、先駆動部材7が、先駆動ばね12の付勢力により、軸6aの周りに反時計方向へ急速に回転させられる。これにより、先駆動ピン7bが羽根アーム4aを反時計方向へ回動させるため、先羽根群4が、露光開口を開いていく。露光作動が続けられ、先羽根群4の羽根4dのスリット形成縁4hが露光開口の下方へ退いた段階で、先駆動ピン7bが不図示の停止部材に当接し、先駆動部材7が停止させられる。設定されたシャッタ秒時に対応する時間が経過した後、係止解除部材52が後係止部材10の押動部10bにぶつかることで、後係止部材10を軸6dの周りに反時計回りに回転させる。これにより、後駆動部材8の被係止部8aの係合を解除する(図10中の状態(6))。 When a predetermined period of time has elapsed after the first drive source 24 stopped, the unlocking member 51 collides with the pushing portion 9b of the first locking member 9, thereby rotating the first locking member 9 counterclockwise around the shaft 6c. to disengage the engaged portion 7a of the leading driving member 7 (state (5) in FIG. 10). 11, the front drive member 7 is rapidly rotated counterclockwise around the shaft 6a by the biasing force of the front drive spring 12. As shown in FIG. As a result, the front drive pin 7b rotates the blade arm 4a counterclockwise, so that the front blade group 4 opens the exposure aperture. When the exposure operation continues and the slit forming edge 4h of the blade 4d of the front blade group 4 retreats below the exposure opening, the front drive pin 7b comes into contact with a stop member (not shown), causing the front drive member 7 to stop. be done. After the time corresponding to the set shutter second has elapsed, the unlocking member 52 collides with the pushing portion 10b of the rear locking member 10, thereby rotating the rear locking member 10 counterclockwise around the shaft 6d. rotate. As a result, the engaged portion 8a of the rear driving member 8 is disengaged (state (6) in FIG. 10).

すると、図11に示される走行待機状態から、後駆動部材8が、後駆動ばね13の付勢力によって、軸6bの周りに反時計方向へ急速に回転させられる。このときの回転速度は、後駆動部材8が後駆動補助部材91の後押しを受けた場合よりも遅い。また、露光ムラを抑えるために、スリット形成縁4hとスリット形成縁5hの時系列の速度変化は、同じようなものになっている。後駆動部材8の動作により、後駆動ピン8bが羽根アーム5aを反時計方向へ回動させる。このため、後羽根群5が、露光開口を覆っていく。露光作動が続けられ、後羽根群5の羽根5dのスリット形成縁5hが露光開口の下方へ退いた段階で、後駆動ピン8bが不図示の停止部材に当接し、後駆動部材8が停止させられる(図12)。後羽根群5の走行が終了し、撮像素子203が完全に遮光されると、電荷の読出し走査が開始する(図10中の状態(7))。 11, the rear drive member 8 is rapidly rotated counterclockwise about the shaft 6b by the biasing force of the rear drive spring 13. As shown in FIG. The rotation speed at this time is slower than when the rear driving member 8 is pushed by the rear driving auxiliary member 91 . Also, in order to suppress exposure unevenness, the time-series speed changes of the slit forming edge 4h and the slit forming edge 5h are similar. By the operation of the rear driving member 8, the rear driving pin 8b rotates the blade arm 5a counterclockwise. Therefore, the rear blade group 5 covers the exposure aperture. The exposure operation is continued, and when the slit forming edge 5h of the blade 5d of the rear blade group 5 retreats below the exposure opening, the rear drive pin 8b comes into contact with a stop member (not shown), causing the rear drive member 8 to stop. (Fig. 12). When the trailing blade group 5 finishes traveling and the image pickup device 203 is completely shielded from light, charge readout scanning starts (state (7) in FIG. 10).

後羽根群5の走行完了から所定時間後に、先駆動源24に対して正転方向に通電が行われ(図10(8))、先カムギア22が軸26aの周りに反時計方向へ回動する。先駆動源24の通電開始から所定時間後、後駆動源25に対して正転方向に通電が行われ(図10中の状態(9))、後カムギア23が軸26bの周りに反時計方向へ回動する。それに伴い、カム面23cに保持されていた後駆動補助部材91のローラ93は後カムギア23を離れ、反時計方向に回転を開始する(図10中の状態(10))。しかし、回転開始直後には、後駆動補助部材91の被係止部91aが後係止部材10の係止部10aに係止される(図13)。すなわち被係止部91aは、二つの係止部材の一つである後係止部材10により係止可能である。このため、後駆動補助部材91を軸6fに衝突するまで回転させた場合と比べ、この後のセット動作におけるチャージ負荷を減らすことができる。 After a predetermined time has passed since the trailing blade group 5 has completed running, the leading drive source 24 is energized in the forward direction ((8) in FIG. 10), and the leading cam gear 22 rotates counterclockwise around the shaft 26a. do. After a predetermined period of time from the start of energization of the front drive source 24, the rear drive source 25 is energized in the forward direction (state (9) in FIG. 10), and the rear cam gear 23 rotates counterclockwise around the shaft 26b. rotate to. Accordingly, the roller 93 of the rear drive assisting member 91 held on the cam surface 23c leaves the rear cam gear 23 and starts rotating counterclockwise (state (10) in FIG. 10). However, immediately after the start of rotation, the engaged portion 91a of the rear drive auxiliary member 91 is engaged with the engaging portion 10a of the rear engaging member 10 (FIG. 13). That is, the locked portion 91a can be locked by the rear locking member 10, which is one of the two locking members. Therefore, the charge load in the subsequent setting operation can be reduced as compared with the case where the rear drive auxiliary member 91 is rotated until it collides with the shaft 6f.

また、図10中のカム線図および図14(a)に示されるように、後カムギア23のカム面23cは、カムトップ(カムトップ位置に対応する第1の領域)と、カムトップよりもわずかに低い領域(第1の領域よりも低い第2の領域)とを有する。図13の状態に至る直前で、後駆動補助部材91は、カムトップから直接係止位置まで落ちずに、カムトップからわずかに低い位置から係止位置に落ちる。このため、カムトップよりわずかに低い領域がない場合と比べ、後駆動補助部材91が係止されるまでの回転量が少なくなり、後駆動補助部材91は、後係止部材10に係止されやすくなっている。 Further, as shown in the cam diagram in FIG. 10 and in FIG. 14(a), the cam surface 23c of the rear cam gear 23 has a cam top (a first region corresponding to the cam top position) and a a slightly lower region (a second region that is lower than the first region). Immediately before reaching the state of FIG. 13, the rear drive auxiliary member 91 does not drop directly from the cam top to the locking position, but drops from a position slightly lower than the cam top to the locking position. Therefore, compared to the case where there is no region slightly lower than the cam top, the amount of rotation until the rear drive auxiliary member 91 is locked becomes small, and the rear drive auxiliary member 91 is locked by the rear locking member 10 . It's getting easier.

先駆動源24および後駆動源25への通電が継続されると、先駆動部材7が先カムギア22と接触し、先駆動ばね12の付勢力に抗しながら軸6aの周りに時計方向へ回動させられる。後駆動補助部材91は、後カムギア23と接触し、後駆動補助ばね92の付勢力に抗しながら、軸6bの周りに時計方向へ回動される。続いて、後駆動部材8は、後カムギア23と接触し、後駆動ばね13の付勢力に抗しながら軸6bの周りに時計方向へ回動される。 When the forward drive source 24 and the rear drive source 25 continue to be energized, the forward drive member 7 comes into contact with the forward cam gear 22 and rotates clockwise around the shaft 6a against the biasing force of the forward drive spring 12. be moved. The rear drive assisting member 91 comes into contact with the rear cam gear 23 and rotates clockwise around the shaft 6 b while resisting the biasing force of the rear drive assisting spring 92 . Subsequently, the rear driving member 8 comes into contact with the rear cam gear 23 and rotates clockwise around the shaft 6b while resisting the biasing force of the rear driving spring 13. As shown in FIG.

一方、このときの先羽根群4、後羽根群5の動きについては、以下の通りである。先駆動部材7の先駆動ピン7bにより、羽根アーム4aが時計方向へ回動して、羽根4d、羽根4e、羽根4f、羽根4gは相互の重なりを小さくしつつ上方へ移動していく。また、後駆動部材8の後駆動ピン8bにより、羽根アーム5aが時計方向へ回動して、羽根5d、羽根5e、羽根5f、羽根5gは相互の重なりを大きくしつつ上方へ移動していく。先駆動部材7が先カムギア22のカムトップを通過して回動を続けると、先駆動部材7の被係止部7aが先係止部材9の係止部9aに係合することによって、先駆動部材7が走行開始位置で停止する。先カムギア22はさらに回動を続けるが、先駆動部材7の走行範囲から退避(カムボトム)した後、カム位相検出手段31が停止位相を検出すると、先駆動源24への通電を停止する。 On the other hand, the movements of the front blade group 4 and the rear blade group 5 at this time are as follows. The blade arm 4a is rotated clockwise by the front drive pin 7b of the front drive member 7, and the blades 4d, 4e, 4f, and 4g move upward while reducing mutual overlap. Further, the blade arm 5a is rotated clockwise by the rear drive pin 8b of the rear drive member 8, and the blades 5d, 5e, 5f, and 5g move upward while increasing mutual overlap. . When the front driving member 7 passes the cam top of the front cam gear 22 and continues to rotate, the locked portion 7a of the front driving member 7 engages the locking portion 9a of the front locking member 9, thereby The drive member 7 stops at the travel start position. The front cam gear 22 continues to rotate, but when the cam phase detection means 31 detects the stop phase after the front cam gear 22 has retreated (cam bottomed) from the travel range of the front drive member 7, the power supply to the front drive source 24 is stopped.

後駆動部材8も同様に、後カムギア23のカムトップを通過して回動を続け、後駆動部材8の被係止部8aが後係止部材10の係止部10aに係合することによって、後駆動部材8が走行開始位置で停止する。後カムギア23はさらに回動を続けるが、後駆動部材8の走行範囲から退避(カムボトム)した後、カム位相検出手段32が停止位相を検出すると、後駆動源25への通電を停止する(図10中の状態(11))。 Similarly, the rear driving member 8 continues to rotate after passing the cam top of the rear cam gear 23, and the locked portion 8a of the rear driving member 8 engages the locking portion 10a of the rear locking member 10. , the rear drive member 8 stops at the travel start position. The rear cam gear 23 continues to rotate, but when the cam phase detection means 32 detects the stop phase after retreating (cam bottoming) from the travel range of the rear drive member 8, the power supply to the rear drive source 25 is stopped (Fig. State (11) in 10).

図9は、後幕セット動作が完了した状態を示す。ここからライブビュー状態に移行するため、先駆動部材7ならびに先羽根群4の走行が行われる。図3(a)に示される係止解除部材51が先係止部材9の押動部9bにぶつかることで、先係止部材9を軸6cの周りに反時計回りに回転させ、先駆動部材7の被係止部7aの係合を解除する。すると、先駆動部材7が先駆動ばね12の付勢力により、軸6aの周りに反時計方向へ急速に回転させられる。これにより、先駆動ピン7bが羽根アーム4aを反時計方向へ回動させるため、先羽根群4が露光開口を開いていく。先羽根群4の羽根4dのスリット形成縁4hが露光開口の下方へ退いた段階で、先駆動ピン7bが不図示の停止部材に当接し、先駆動部材7が停止させられ、先羽根群4の走行が完了し、図4(a)、(b)に示される走行待機状態となる。 FIG. 9 shows a state in which the trailing curtain set operation is completed. In order to shift to the live view state from here, the front driving member 7 and the front blade group 4 are moved. The unlocking member 51 shown in FIG. 3A collides with the pushing portion 9b of the pre-locking member 9, thereby rotating the pre-locking member 9 counterclockwise around the shaft 6c, and the pre-driving member 7 is disengaged from the engaged portion 7a. Then, the front drive member 7 is rapidly rotated counterclockwise around the shaft 6a by the biasing force of the front drive spring 12. As shown in FIG. As a result, the front driving pin 7b rotates the blade arm 4a counterclockwise, so that the front blade group 4 opens the exposure aperture. At the stage when the slit forming edge 4h of the blade 4d of the front blade group 4 retreats below the exposure opening, the front drive pin 7b comes into contact with a stop member (not shown), the front drive member 7 is stopped, and the front blade group 4 is completed, and the vehicle is in a running standby state shown in FIGS. 4(a) and 4(b).

先羽根群4の走行完了後、先駆動源24を停止したところで、撮像素子203はライブビュー撮像動作を開始し、次のコマの撮影準備が行われる(図10中の状態(12))。次のコマの撮影準備が終わると、図10中の状態(1)に戻り、以降、図10中の状態(1)から状態(12)までの一連の撮影動作が繰り返される。 After the front blade group 4 has completed traveling, the front driving source 24 is stopped, and the imaging device 203 starts the live view imaging operation to prepare for photographing the next frame (state (12) in FIG. 10). When preparations for photographing the next frame are completed, the state returns to state (1) in FIG. 10, and thereafter a series of photographing operations from state (1) to state (12) in FIG. 10 are repeated.

本実施形態のシャッタ装置202によれば、第一の撮影位相と第二の撮影位相を設ける(第一の撮影位相と第二の撮影位相とを異ならせる)ことで、専用のアクチュエータを用いることなく、二つの幕速(早い幕速と遅い幕速)を使い分けることができる。好ましくは、電子先幕撮影モード(第二のモード)の際には幕速を速くし、メカ先幕撮影モード(第一のモード)の際には先幕と後幕とで幕速をそろえるように幕速を使い分ける(第二のモードにおける幕速は、第一のモードにおける幕速よりも速い)。これにより、電子先幕の走行カーブが可変であることの特徴を生かしつつ、電子先幕撮影の際には幕速を速くすることで、X同調速度の高速化が可能となる。このため本実施形態によれば、専用のアクチュエータを用いることなく幕速を変更することが可能なシャッタ装置および撮像装置を提供することができる。 According to the shutter device 202 of this embodiment, by providing the first imaging phase and the second imaging phase (the first imaging phase and the second imaging phase are made different), a dedicated actuator can be used. It is possible to use two curtain speeds (fast curtain speed and slow curtain speed) properly. Preferably, the curtain speed is increased in the electronic front curtain shooting mode (second mode), and the curtain speeds are made uniform between the front curtain and the rear curtain in the mechanical front curtain shooting mode (first mode). (The curtain speed in the second mode is faster than the curtain speed in the first mode). As a result, it is possible to increase the X-tuning speed by increasing the speed of the curtain during electronic front-curtain photographing while taking advantage of the fact that the running curve of the electronic front curtain is variable. Therefore, according to the present embodiment, it is possible to provide a shutter device and an imaging device capable of changing the curtain speed without using a dedicated actuator.

以上、本発明の好ましい実施形態について説明したが、本発明はこれらの実施形態に限定されず、その要旨の範囲内で種々の変形および変更が可能である。 Although preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the present invention is not limited to these embodiments, and various modifications and changes are possible within the scope of the gist.

例えば、後駆動補助部材91を用いた第二の撮影位相である電子先幕撮影位相は、後駆動補助部材91を用いない第一の撮影位相であるメカ先幕撮影位相よりも後の位相であるが、これはカム形状の無駄を省くためであり、これに限定されるものではない。 For example, the electronic front-curtain shooting phase, which is the second shooting phase using the rear drive assist member 91, is a phase after the mechanical front-curtain shooting phase, which is the first shooting phase without using the rear drive assist member 91. However, this is for eliminating the uselessness of the cam shape, and is not limited to this.

4 先羽根群(羽根群)
5 後羽根群(羽根群)
7 先駆動部材(駆動部材)
8 後駆動部材(駆動部材)
9 先係止部材(係止部材)
10 後係止部材(係止部材)
22 先カムギア(カムギア)
23 後カムギア(カムギア)
91 後駆動補助部材(駆動補助部材)
202 シャッタ装置
4 front blade group (blade group)
5 rear blade group (blade group)
7 leading drive member (drive member)
8 rear drive member (drive member)
9 Pre-locking member (locking member)
10 rear locking member (locking member)
22 First cam gear (cam gear)
23 rear cam gear (cam gear)
91 rear drive auxiliary member (drive auxiliary member)
202 shutter device

Claims (10)

露光用の開口を開閉する二つの羽根群と、
前記二つの羽根群を前記開口の開放位置と閉鎖位置との間でそれぞれ駆動する二つの駆動部材と、
前記二つの駆動部材をそれぞれ移動させる二つのカムギアと、
前記二つの駆動部材をそれぞれ係止可能な二つの係止部材と、を有し、
第一のモードでの第一の撮影位相と第二のモードでの第二の撮影位相とを異ならせることを特徴とするシャッタ装置。
two groups of blades for opening and closing the aperture for exposure;
two drive members respectively driving the two blade groups between open and closed positions of the opening;
two cam gears for respectively moving the two drive members;
and two locking members capable of locking the two driving members, respectively;
A shutter device characterized in that a first photographing phase in a first mode and a second photographing phase in a second mode are made different.
前記二つの駆動部材の一つを押動可能な駆動補助部材を更に有し、
前記駆動補助部材は、
前記第一の撮影位相において、前記二つの駆動部材の一つを押動せず、
前記第二の撮影位相において、前記二つの駆動部材の一つを押動することを特徴とする請求項1に記載のシャッタ装置。
further comprising a driving auxiliary member capable of pushing one of the two driving members;
The drive auxiliary member is
without pushing one of the two driving members in the first imaging phase;
2. A shutter device according to claim 1, wherein one of said two driving members is pushed in said second photographing phase.
前記二つのカムギアの一つは、前記第一の撮影位相において、前記駆動補助部材が前記二つの駆動部材の一つを押動しないように保持するカム形状のカム面を有することを特徴とする請求項2に記載のシャッタ装置。 One of the two cam gears has a cam-shaped cam surface that holds one of the two driving members so that the auxiliary driving member does not push the one of the two driving members in the first photographing phase. 3. A shutter device according to claim 2. 前記カム面は、カムトップ位置に対応する第1の領域と、前記第1の領域よりも低い第2の領域とを有することを特徴とする請求項3に記載のシャッタ装置。 4. A shutter device according to claim 3, wherein said cam surface has a first area corresponding to a cam top position and a second area lower than said first area. 前記駆動補助部材は、前記二つの係止部材の一つにより係止可能な被係止部を有することを特徴とする請求項2乃至4のいずれか一項に記載のシャッタ装置。 5. The shutter device according to claim 2, wherein the drive assisting member has a locked portion that can be locked by one of the two locking members. 前記二つのカムギアの少なくとも一つは、撮影時の回転方向において、撮影待機状態に対応する位相、前記第一の撮影位相、および前記第二の撮影位相の順に位相を有することを特徴とする請求項1乃至5のいずれか一項に記載のシャッタ装置。 At least one of the two cam gears has phases in the order of a phase corresponding to an imaging standby state, the first imaging phase, and the second imaging phase in a rotation direction during imaging. Item 6. The shutter device according to any one of Items 1 to 5. 前記二つのカムギアは、前記二つの駆動部材をカムボトム位置からカムトップ位置へセット動作させることを特徴とする請求項1乃至6のいずれか一項に記載のシャッタ装置。 7. The shutter device according to claim 1, wherein the two cam gears set the two driving members from the cam bottom position to the cam top position. 請求項1乃至7のいずれか一項に記載のシャッタ装置と、
撮像光学系を介して形成された光学像を光電変換する撮像素子と、を有することを特徴とする撮像装置。
A shutter device according to any one of claims 1 to 7;
and an imaging device that photoelectrically converts an optical image formed via an imaging optical system.
前記第一のモードは、前記二つの羽根群のそれぞれの二つのスリット形成部を用いて露光を行うモードであり、
前記第二のモードは、前記撮像装置の電子シャッタと前記二つの羽根群の一つのスリット形成部とを用いて露光を行うモードであることを特徴とする請求項8に記載の撮像装置。
The first mode is a mode in which exposure is performed using two slit forming portions of each of the two blade groups,
9. The image pickup apparatus according to claim 8, wherein said second mode is a mode in which exposure is performed using an electronic shutter of said image pickup apparatus and one slit forming portion of said two blade groups.
前記第二のモードにおける幕速は、前記第一のモードにおける幕速よりも速いことを特徴とする請求項8に記載の撮像装置。 9. The imaging apparatus according to claim 8, wherein a curtain speed in said second mode is faster than a curtain speed in said first mode.
JP2021200223A 2021-12-09 2021-12-09 Shutter device and imaging apparatus Pending JP2023085908A (en)

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