JP2023082588A - Foreign matter removal system for hydraulic power plant, hydraulic power plant, and foreign matter removal method for hydraulic power plant - Google Patents

Abstract

To remove foreign matter adhering to a stay vane simply and reliably.SOLUTION: A foreign matter removal system for a hydraulic power plant comprises a control device for controlling a hydraulic machine. The control device controls the hydraulic machine to perform a foreign matter removal operation for removing foreign matter adhering to a stay vane. The foreign matter removal operation includes: a guide vane closing operation of closing a guide vane of the hydraulic machine to a fully closed state; a restart operation of restarting the hydraulic machine after stopping the operation of the hydraulic machine; a guide vane opening operation of opening the guide vane of the hydraulic machine after electrically disconnecting a generator from a circuit; and a high-pressure fluid ejection operation of ejecting high-pressure fluid from an ejection device toward the stay vane.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

Embodiments of the present invention relate to a foreign matter removal system for a hydroelectric power plant, a hydroelectric power plant, and a foreign matter removal method for a hydroelectric power plant.

Hydraulic power generation equipment is known that includes a hydraulic machine such as a Francis turbine and a generator that is driven by the hydraulic machine to generate power. In such a hydraulic power plant, foreign objects such as fallen leaves and twigs that flow in with water from the upper water tank may adhere to the stay vanes of the hydraulic machinery. When foreign matter adheres to and accumulates on the stay vanes, the flow of water is obstructed, which may reduce the flow rate and the power generation output of the generator. For this reason, the water is drained from the inside of the hydraulic machine periodically, the inside is inspected, and the foreign matter is removed. However, in this case, it takes time to drain water and perform inspections, which incurs work costs and causes economic losses due to periods in which power cannot be generated.

Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 2-28581 Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 7-30373 Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 6-80865

The present invention has been made in consideration of such points, and a foreign matter removal system for hydroelectric power generation equipment that can easily and reliably remove foreign matter adhering to stay vanes, hydroelectric power generation equipment, and hydraulic power generation equipment It aims at providing the foreign material removal method for.

A foreign matter removal system for a hydraulic power plant according to an embodiment is for removing foreign matter adhering to stay vanes of the hydraulic power plant in the hydraulic power plant comprising a hydraulic machine and a generator driven by the hydraulic machine to generate power. foreign matter removal system. A foreign object removal system for a hydroelectric power plant comprises a controller for controlling a hydraulic machine. The control device controls the hydraulic machine to perform a foreign matter removing operation for removing foreign matter adhering to the stay vanes. The foreign object removal operation includes the guide vane closing operation to close the guide vanes of the hydraulic machinery to a fully closed state, the restart operation to start the hydraulic machinery after stopping the operation of the hydraulic machinery, and the operation to electrically disconnect the generator from the system. , a guide vane opening operation that opens the guide vanes of the hydraulic machine, or a high pressure fluid ejection operation that ejects high pressure fluid from an ejection device toward the stay vanes.

Also, a hydroelectric power plant according to an embodiment includes a hydraulic machine, a generator, and the foreign matter removal system for the hydroelectric power plant described above.

Further, a foreign matter removing method for a hydraulic power plant according to an embodiment is a hydraulic power plant for removing foreign substances adhering to stay vanes of the hydraulic power plant in a hydraulic power plant comprising a hydraulic machine and a generator driven by the hydraulic machine to generate power. A foreign matter removal method for equipment. A foreign matter removing method for a hydroelectric power plant includes a foreign matter removing step of performing a foreign matter removing operation for removing foreign matter adhering to stay vanes. The foreign object removal operation includes the guide vane closing operation to close the guide vanes of the hydraulic machinery to a fully closed state, the restart operation to start the hydraulic machinery after stopping the operation of the hydraulic machinery, and the operation to electrically disconnect the generator from the system. , a guide vane opening operation that opens the guide vanes of the hydraulic machine, or a high pressure fluid ejection operation that ejects high pressure fluid from an ejection device toward the stay vanes.

According to the present invention, it is possible to easily and reliably remove foreign matter adhering to stay vanes.

FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a hydroelectric power plant according to a first embodiment. FIG. 2 is a partially enlarged cross-sectional view showing a state in which a foreign matter adheres to the stay vane of the Francis turbine of FIG. FIG. 3 is a partially enlarged top view for explaining the foreign matter removing operation according to the first embodiment. FIG. 4 is a partially enlarged top view for explaining the foreign matter removing operation according to the second and third embodiments. FIG. 5 is a partially enlarged cross-sectional view for explaining the foreign matter removing operation according to the third embodiment. FIG. 6 is a partially enlarged cross-sectional view for explaining the foreign matter removing operation according to the fourth embodiment.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION A foreign matter removing system for hydraulic power generation equipment, a hydraulic power generation device, and a foreign matter removal method for hydraulic power generation equipment according to embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

(First embodiment)
First, a hydroelectric power plant according to a first embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. In addition, below, it demonstrates according to the flow of the water at the time of water turbine operation. In the figure, arrows indicate the direction of water flow (main stream direction).

As shown in FIG. 1, the hydroelectric power generation facility 1 includes an upper water tank 2, a penstock 3, a Francis turbine 10 (an example of a hydraulic machine), a generator 5, a draft tube 6, a lower water tank 7, and foreign matter. a removal system 20;

The upper water tank 2 will be explained. The upper water tank 2 is provided above the Francis turbine 10 in the direction of gravity. The upper water tank 2 is configured to store water supplied to the Francis turbine 10 . Foreign matter F such as fallen leaves and twigs may also be contained in the upper water tank 2 . Note that the hydroelectric power generation facility 1 may not have the upper water tank 2 in some cases. In this case, water taken from a river or the like is supplied to the Francis turbine 10 without passing through the upper water tank 2 .

The penstock 3 will be explained. The penstock 3 is provided downstream of the upper water tank 2 . The penstock 3 communicates the upper water tank 2 with the casing 12 of the Francis turbine 10 . The penstock 3 is configured so that water supplied from the upper water tank 2 to the Francis turbine 10 flows.

The Francis turbine 10 will be explained. The Francis turbine 10 includes an inlet valve 11 , a casing 12 , a plurality of stay vanes 13 , a plurality of guide vanes 14 and a runner 15 .

The inlet valve 11 is provided downstream of the penstock 3 . The inlet valve 11 is configured to open and close to allow water to flow into the casing 12 and to block water from flowing into the casing 12 . When the Francis turbine 10 is stopped, the inlet valve 11 is closed. During operation of the Francis turbine 10, the inlet valve 11 is open.

The casing 12 is provided downstream of the inlet valve 11 . The casing 12 is spirally formed. The casing 12 is configured such that water flows from the upper water tank 2 through the penstock 3 .

The stay vane 13 is provided downstream of the casing 12 . The stay vanes 13 are configured to guide water flowing from the casing 12 to the guide vanes 14 . The stay vanes 13 are arranged at predetermined intervals in the circumferential direction. Channels through which water flows are formed between the stay vanes 13 .

The guide vanes 14 are provided downstream of the stay vanes 13 . Guide vanes 14 are configured to guide water flowing from stay vanes 13 to runners 15 . The guide vanes 14 are arranged at predetermined intervals in the circumferential direction. Channels through which water flows are formed between the guide vanes 14 . The guide vanes 14 are configured to be rotatable. The guide vanes 14 can adjust the flow rate of the water led to the runners 15 by rotating and changing the opening. Thereby, the power generation amount of the generator 5 can be adjusted. The guide vanes 14 are driven by a guide vane driving device 14a. That is, the opening degree of the guide vanes 14 is changed by being driven by the guide vane driving device 14a.

The runner 15 is provided downstream of the guide vanes 14 . The runner 15 is configured to be rotatable about the rotation axis with respect to the casing 12 . Runner 15 is rotationally driven by water flowing from guide vanes 14 . Runner 15 has a plurality of runner blades. The runner 15 is driven to rotate by receiving pressure from the inflowing water to each runner blade. Thereby, the energy of the water flowing into the runner 15 is converted into rotational energy.

The generator 5 will be explained. The generator 5 is connected to the runner 15 via the main shaft 4 . The generator 5 is configured to be driven by the Francis turbine 10 to generate power. More specifically, the generator 5 generates power by being transmitted with the rotational energy of the runner 15 .

The draft tube 6 will be explained. The draft tube 6 is provided downstream of the runner 15 . A draft tube 6 communicates the Francis turbine 10 and the lower water tank 7 . The draft tube 6 is configured to guide water discharged from the Francis turbine 10 to the lower water tank 7 .

The lower water tank 7 will be explained. The lower water tank 7 is provided downstream of the draft tube 6 . The lower water tank 7 is provided below the Francis turbine 10 in the direction of gravity. The lower water tank 7 is configured to store water discharged from the Francis turbine 10 through the draft tube 6 . Note that the hydroelectric power generation facility 1 may not have the lower water tank 7 in some cases. In this case, water from the Francis turbine 10 passes through the draft tube 6 and is discharged to a discharge channel (not shown).

Next, the foreign matter removing system 20 according to this embodiment will be described. The foreign matter removal system 20 is configured to remove foreign matter adhering to the stay vanes 13 of the Francis turbine 10 . The foreign matter removal system 20 includes a control device 50 . As shown in FIG. 1, the foreign matter removal system 20 may include a calculation device 30, a measurement device 40, and a control device 50. FIG.

The calculation device 30 will be described. The calculation device 30 is configured to calculate a target output value of the generator 5 during operation of the Francis turbine 10 (during operation of the turbine). The calculation device 30 has an upper water level detector 31 , a lower water level detector 32 , a pressure detector 33 , an opening degree detector 34 , and a calculator 35 .

The upper water level detector 31 is provided in the upper water tank 2 . The upper water level detector 31 is configured to detect the water level of the upper water tank 2 . The upper water level detector 31 may be, for example, a float type water level gauge or a plunge pressure type water level gauge. The water level of the upper water tank 2 detected by the upper water level detector 31 is transmitted to the calculation section 35 .

A lower water level detector 32 is provided in the lower water tank 7 . The lower water level detector 32 is configured to detect the water level of the lower water tank 7 . The lower water level detector 32 may be, for example, a float type water level gauge or a plunge pressure type water level gauge. The water level of the lower water tank 7 detected by the lower water level detector 32 is transmitted to the calculation section 35 .

The pressure detector 33 is provided on the penstock 3 . The pressure detector 33 is configured to detect the pressure (water pressure) inside the penstock 3 . The pressure detector 33 may be, for example, a diaphragm pressure gauge. The pressure inside the penstock 3 detected by the pressure detector 33 is transmitted to the calculation unit 35 .

The opening detector 34 is connected to the guide vane drive 14a. The opening detector 34 is configured to detect the opening of the guide vanes 14 . The opening degree detector 34 may detect the opening degree of the guide vane 14 by monitoring the drive amount of the guide vane driving device 14a, for example. The opening of the guide vanes 14 detected by the opening detector 34 is transmitted to the calculation unit 35 .

The calculation unit 35 calculates the water level of the upper water tank 2 detected by the upper water level detector 31, the water level of the lower water tank 7 detected by the lower water level detector 32, and the water level in the penstock 3 detected by the pressure detector 33. A target output value of the generator 5 is calculated based on the pressure and the opening of the guide vanes 14 detected by the opening detector 34 . More specifically, the calculation unit 35 can calculate the effective head (m) based on the water level of the upper water tank 2 , the water level of the lower water tank 7 , and the pressure inside the penstock 3 . Further, the calculation unit 35 can calculate the flow rate (m ³ /s) based on the effective head (m) and the opening degree of the guide vanes 14 . Then, the calculation unit 35 calculates the target output value of the generator 5 based on the effective head (m), the flow rate (m ³ /s), the gravitational acceleration g (m/s ² ), and the turbine generator efficiency (kW) can be calculated. The target output value of the generator 5 calculated by the calculator 35 is transmitted to the control device 50 .

The measuring device 40 will be explained. The measuring device 40 is configured to measure the actual output value of the generator 5 during operation of the Francis turbine 10 (during operation of the turbine). The measuring device 40 may be, for example, a power measuring device that measures the voltage value and current value of the generator 5 to calculate power. The actual output value of the generator 5 measured by the measuring device 40 is transmitted to the control device 50 .

The control device 50 will be explained. The controller 50 is configured to control the Francis turbine 10 . In this embodiment, the control device 50 controls the guide vanes 14 of the Francis turbine 10 . More specifically, the control device 50 controls the guide vane driving device 14 a that drives the guide vanes 14 .

The control device 50 controls the Francis turbine 10 to perform a foreign matter removing operation for removing foreign matter adhering to the stay vanes 13 . In the present embodiment, control device 50 performs the foreign matter removing operation when the difference between the target output value and the actual output value exceeds a threshold value. Here, the threshold may be a predetermined value. The threshold value may be set to a value that is 80% or more and 95% or less of the target output value, for example.

In the present embodiment, the foreign matter removing operation includes a guide vane closing operation for closing the guide vanes 14 to the fully closed state (0% opening). That is, when the difference between the target output value and the actual output value exceeds the threshold value, the control device 50 controls the guide vanes 14 to perform the guide vane closing operation to close the guide vanes 14 to the fully closed state. In this guide vane closing operation, the guide vanes 14 may be closed at a faster speed than the guide vanes 14 are closed when the Francis turbine 10 is normally stopped. For example, the guide vanes 14 may be closed at a closing speed equivalent to that during an emergency stop or sudden stop.

Next, the operation of this embodiment having such a configuration will be described. Here, a foreign matter removing method for removing foreign matter F adhering to the stay vane 13 of the Francis turbine 10 in the hydroelectric power plant 1 using the foreign matter removing system 20 described above will be described.

In the hydroelectric power plant 1 , foreign matter F such as fallen leaves and twigs may flow into the Francis turbine 10 together with water from the upper water tank 2 . If the foreign matter F is small, the foreign matter F passes through the Francis turbine 10 through the stay vanes 13 and the guide vanes 14 and flows out to the draft tube 6 . However, if the foreign matter F is large, the foreign matter F may adhere to the stay vane 13 as shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 2 , the foreign matter F tends to adhere and accumulate on the upstream end of the stay vane 13 . In particular, when the Francis turbine 10 is operated with a low load and a constant load for a long period of time, that is, when the Francis turbine 10 is operated with a small flow rate and a small flow rate fluctuation for a long period of time, the foreign matter F adheres to the stay vane 13. It becomes easy to deposit. If the foreign matter F adheres to and accumulates on the stay vanes 13, the flow of water is obstructed, which may reduce the flow rate and the power generation output of the generator 5. As shown in FIG.

The foreign matter removing method according to the present embodiment removes such foreign matter F adhering to the stay vane 13 using the foreign matter removing system 20 described above.

The foreign matter removing method according to the present embodiment includes a foreign matter removing step of performing a foreign matter removing operation for removing foreign matter F adhering to stay vanes 13 . The foreign matter removal method may include a calculation step, a measurement step, and a foreign matter removal step, and the foreign matter removal step may be performed after the calculation step and the measurement step. Each step will be described below.

First, a calculation step is performed. In the calculation process, the target output value of the generator 5 during operation of the Francis turbine 10 is calculated by the calculation device 30 described above. The calculation process includes a process of detecting the water level of the upper water tank 2 with the upper water level detector 31, a process of detecting the water level of the lower water tank 7 with the lower water level detector 32, and a process of detecting the pressure in the penstock 3 with the pressure detector 33. and detecting the opening degree of the guide vane 14 with the opening detector 34 . In addition, the calculation process includes the water level of the upper water tank 2 detected by the upper water level detector 31, the water level of the lower water tank 7 detected by the lower water level detector 32, and the water level inside the penstock 3 detected by the pressure detector 33. and the opening of the guide vanes 14 detected by the opening detector 34, the target output value of the generator 5 is calculated. More specifically, the calculation unit 35 calculates the effective head (m) based on the water level of the upper water tank 2 , the water level of the lower water tank 7 , and the pressure inside the penstock 3 . Further, the calculation unit 35 calculates the flow rate (m ³ /s) based on the effective head (m) and the opening degree of the guide vanes 14 . Then, the calculation unit 35 calculates the target output value of the generator 5 based on the effective head (m), the flow rate (m ³ /s), the gravitational acceleration g (m/s ² ), and the turbine generator efficiency (kW) is calculated. The calculated target output value of the generator 5 is transmitted to the control device 50 .

Next, a measurement process is performed. In the measuring step, the measuring device 40 described above measures the actual output value of the generator 5 during operation of the Francis turbine 10 . More specifically, the measuring device 40 measures the voltage value and current value of the generator 5 to calculate the actual output value (kW). The measured actual output value of the generator 5 is transmitted to the control device 50 .

Then, a foreign matter removing step is performed. In the foreign matter removing process, a foreign matter removing operation for removing foreign matter adhering to the stay vanes 13 is performed by the control device 50 described above. In this embodiment, when the difference between the target output value and the actual output value exceeds the threshold value, the foreign matter removing operation is performed. More specifically, the difference between the target output value and the actual output value is calculated, and when this difference exceeds a predetermined threshold value, the foreign matter removing operation is performed.

In this embodiment, the foreign matter removing operation includes a guide vane closing operation for closing the guide vanes 14 to the fully closed state. That is, when the difference between the target output value and the actual output value exceeds the threshold, the guide vanes 14 are controlled by the controller 50 to perform a guide vane closing operation to close the guide vanes 14 to the fully closed state. In this guide vane closing operation, the guide vanes 14 are closed at a faster speed than the guide vanes 14 are closed when the Francis turbine 10 is normally stopped. For example, the guide vanes 14 are closed at a closing speed equivalent to that during an emergency stop or sudden stop.

FIG. 3 is a partially enlarged top view when the stay vanes 13 and the guide vanes 14 are viewed in a direction along the rotation axis of the runner 15, showing a completely closed state (fully closed state) of the guide vanes 14. is. In the figure, the solid line arrows indicate the flow of incoming water or the propagation of wave water, and the broken line arrows indicate the flow of water bounced off the guide vanes 14 or the propagation of wave water.

By closing the guide vanes 14 to the fully closed state, as indicated by the solid line arrows in FIG. Further, as indicated by the dashed arrows in FIG. 3, turbulence can be generated by the rebounding of flowing water by the closed guide vanes 14 and the propagation of undulating water. By closing the guide vanes 14 to the fully closed state in this manner, the foreign matter F can be hit with flowing water or wave water from an angle different from that during normal operation. Therefore, it is possible to reliably remove the foreign matter F adhering to the stay vane 13 .

Thus, the foreign matter F adhering to the stay vane 13 of the Francis turbine 10 in the hydroelectric power plant 1 can be removed by the foreign matter removing method according to the present embodiment.

Thus, according to the present embodiment, the foreign matter removing operation includes the guide vane closing operation of closing the guide vanes 14 to the fully closed state. By closing the guide vanes 14 to the fully closed state, it is possible to reduce the flow rate and change the inflow angle of the water into the stay vanes 13 . In addition, turbulence can be generated by the bouncing of running water and the propagation of wave water by the guide vanes 14 that are in the process of being closed or by the closed guide vanes 14 . By closing the guide vanes 14 to the fully closed state in this manner, the foreign matter F can be hit with flowing water or wave water from an angle different from that during normal operation. Therefore, the foreign matter F attached to the stay vane 13 can be reliably removed.

Further, according to the present embodiment, the foreign matter F adhering to the stay vane 13 can be removed without draining water from the Francis turbine 10 or performing an internal inspection. For this reason, it is possible to suppress the work cost associated with draining water and inspection, and also suppress the occurrence of economic loss due to the occurrence of a period in which power generation is not possible. As described above, according to the present embodiment, foreign matter F adhering to stay vanes 13 can be easily and reliably removed.

Further, according to the present embodiment, in the guide vane closing operation, the guide vanes 14 are closed at a speed higher than the speed at which the guide vanes 14 are closed when the Francis turbine 10 is normally stopped. By rapidly closing the guide vanes 14 in this manner, the flow rate can be rapidly reduced, and the angle at which water flows into the stay vanes 13 can be rapidly changed. Also, by rapidly closing the guide vanes 14, greater turbulence can be generated. Therefore, the foreign matter F adhering to the stay vanes 13 can be removed more reliably.

Further, according to the present embodiment, when the difference between the target output value and the actual output value exceeds the threshold value, the foreign matter removing operation for removing the foreign matter F adhering to the stay vanes 13 is performed. As a result, foreign matter F adhering to the stay vanes 13 is removed at the timing when the flow rate of the Francis turbine 10 is reduced and the power generation output of the generator 5 is thought to be reduced. Action can be performed. As a result, the timing of performing the foreign matter removal operation can be determined without draining the water from the Francis turbine 10 or performing an internal inspection. Therefore, the foreign matter F adhering to the stay vanes 13 can be removed more easily.

In the above-described embodiment, the calculation device 30 includes the water level of the upper water tank 2 detected by the upper water level detector 31, the water level of the lower water tank 7 detected by the lower water level detector 32, and the pressure detector. An example of calculating the target output value of the generator 5 based on the pressure in the penstock 3 detected by 33 and the opening of the guide vanes 14 detected by the opening detector 34 has been described. However, it is not limited to this, and the method of calculating the target output value of the generator 5 is arbitrary. For example, the calculation device 30 may have a flow rate detector that detects the flow rate of the Francis turbine 10 . Then, the calculation device 30 calculates the water level of the upper water tank 2 detected by the upper water level detector 31, the water level of the lower water tank 7 detected by the lower water level detector 32, and the penstock 3 detected by the pressure detector 33. The target output value of the generator 5 may be calculated based on the internal pressure and the flow rate detected by the flow rate detector. More specifically, the calculation unit 35 calculates the effective head (m) based on the water level of the upper water tank 2 , the water level of the lower water tank 7 , and the pressure inside the penstock 3 . Also, the flow rate (m ³ /s) is detected by the flow rate detector. Then, the calculation unit 35 calculates the target output value of the generator 5 based on the effective head (m), the flow rate (m ³ /s), the gravitational acceleration g (m/s ² ), and the turbine generator efficiency (kW) may be calculated.

Further, in the above-described embodiment, an example has been described in which the foreign matter removing operation is performed when the difference between the target output value and the actual output value exceeds the threshold value. However, it is not limited to this, and the timing at which the foreign matter removing operation is performed is arbitrary. For example, the foreign matter removing operation may be automatically performed when a predetermined time has elapsed since the last foreign matter removing operation was performed. Further, for example, a window may be provided in the casing 12 so that the stay vanes 13 can be visually observed, and the foreign matter removing operation may be performed when the operator confirms that the foreign matter F is adhered to the stay vanes 13 . In this case, the foreign matter removing system 20 may not include the calculating device 30 and the measuring device 40, and the foreign matter removing method may not include the calculating process and the measuring process. Even in such a case, the foreign matter F adhering to the stay vanes 13 can be easily and reliably removed by performing the foreign matter removing operation described above.

(Second embodiment)
Next, with reference to FIG. 4, a foreign matter removing system for a hydroelectric power plant, a hydraulic power plant, and a foreign matter removing method for the hydroelectric power plant according to a second embodiment will be described.

In the second embodiment shown in FIG. 4, the main difference is that the foreign object removal operation includes a restart operation of starting the hydraulic machine after stopping the operation of the hydraulic machine. ∼ is substantially the same as the first embodiment shown in FIG. In FIG. 4, the same parts as those in the first embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 are assigned the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof will be omitted.

In the present embodiment, the foreign object removal operation includes a restart operation of starting the Francis turbine 10 after stopping the operation of the Francis turbine 10 . That is, when the difference between the target output value and the actual output value exceeds the threshold value, the control device 50 stops the operation of the Francis turbine 10 and then restarts the Francis turbine 10. control 10. When the operation of the Francis turbine 10 is stopped, the guide vanes 14 are closed to the fully closed state, and the inlet valve 11 is closed. When the Francis turbine 10 is started, the inlet valve 11 is opened and the guide vanes 14 are opened to the starting opening. Then, when the rotation speed of the runner 15 reaches the rated rotation speed, the generator 5 is electrically connected to the system, the guide vanes 14 are opened to the operating opening, and the generator 5 generates power. In this restart operation, the guide vanes 14 may be opened with a startup opening larger than the startup opening during normal startup. For example, the guide vanes 14 may be opened with an activation opening of 20% or more of the maximum opening. It should be noted that the startup opening during normal startup may be, for example, 5% or more and 20% or less of the maximum opening.

FIG. 4 is a partially enlarged top view of the stay vanes 13 and the guide vanes 14 as seen in the direction along the rotation axis of the runner 15, showing the state in which the guide vanes 14 are opened. In the figure, the arrows indicate the incoming water flow.

As indicated by the arrows in FIG. 4 , the guide vanes 14 are opened in the restarting operation to increase the flow rate and change the angle of water flow into the stay vanes 13 . Therefore, by the restart operation, the foreign matter F can be hit with running water from an angle different from that during normal operation.

As described above, according to the present embodiment, the foreign object removal operation includes the restart operation of starting the Francis turbine 10 after stopping the operation of the Francis turbine 10 . By opening the guide vanes 14 in this restart operation, it is possible to increase the flow rate and change the inflow angle of the water to the stay vanes 13 . As a result, the foreign matter F can be hit with running water from an angle different from that during normal operation. Therefore, the foreign matter F attached to the stay vane 13 can be reliably removed.

Further, according to the present embodiment, in the restarting operation, the guide vanes 14 are opened with a startup opening that is larger than the startup opening during normal startup. As a result, the inflow angle of water into the stay vanes 13 can be changed more greatly, and a greater change in flow rate can be generated. Therefore, the foreign matter F adhering to the stay vanes 13 can be removed more reliably.

(Third Embodiment)
Next, with reference to FIGS. 4 and 5, a foreign matter removing system for a hydraulic power plant, a hydraulic power plant, and a foreign matter removing method for a hydraulic power plant according to a third embodiment will be described.

In the third embodiment shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the foreign object removal operation mainly includes a guide vane opening operation that opens the guide vanes of the hydraulic machine after electrically disconnecting the generator from the system. However, the rest of the configuration is substantially the same as the first embodiment shown in FIGS. 1-3. 4 and 5, the same parts as in the first embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 are assigned the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof will be omitted.

In the present embodiment, the foreign matter removing operation includes a guide vane opening operation for opening the guide vanes 14 of the Francis turbine 10 after electrically disconnecting the generator 5 from the system. That is, when the difference between the target output value and the actual output value exceeds the threshold, the control device 50 electrically disconnects the generator 5 from the system, and then performs the guide vane opening operation to open the guide vanes 14. , controls the Francis turbine 10 . In this guide vane opening operation, the guide vanes 14 may be opened to an opening greater than or equal to the maximum output opening. For example, the guide vanes 14 may be opened to a fully open state (100% opening).

FIG. 4 is a partially enlarged top view of the stay vanes 13 and the guide vanes 14 as seen in the direction along the rotation axis of the runner 15, showing the state in which the guide vanes 14 are opened. FIG. 5 is a partially enlarged sectional view of stay vanes 13, guide vanes 14 and runners 15. FIG. In the figure, the solid line arrows indicate the flow of inflowing water or propagation of wave water, and the broken line arrows indicate the propagation of wave water in the counterflow direction due to centrifugal force.

As indicated by the solid line arrow in FIG. 4, by opening the guide vanes 14 while the generator 5 is electrically disconnected from the system, the rotational speed of the runner 15 is rapidly increased and the flow rate is rapidly increased. As a result, the inflow angle and flow rate of water to the stay vanes 13 can be rapidly changed. As a result, the running water can be applied to the foreign matter F from a different angle than during normal operation and at a higher speed than during normal operation. Further, as indicated by the dashed arrow in FIG. 5, when the rotational speed of the runner 15 is increased, the centrifugal force of the runner 15 propagates wave water, which can generate turbulence. These actions make it possible to reliably remove the foreign matter F adhering to the stay vane 13 .

Thus, according to the present embodiment, the foreign matter removing operation includes the guide vane opening operation of opening the guide vanes 14 of the Francis turbine 10 after the generator 5 is separated from the Francis turbine 10 . As a result, the running water can be applied to the foreign matter F from a different angle than during normal operation and at a higher speed than during normal operation. Further, when the rotational speed of the runner 15 is increased, turbulence can be generated by the propagation of wave water due to the centrifugal force of the runner 15 . Therefore, the foreign matter F attached to the stay vane 13 can be reliably removed.

Further, according to the present embodiment, in the guide vane opening operation, the guide vanes 14 are opened to an opening degree equal to or greater than the maximum output opening degree. As a result, the inflow angle of water into the stay vanes 13 can be changed more greatly, and the rotational speed of the runner 15 can be further increased. Moreover, since the centrifugal force of the runner 15 is increased, a greater turbulent flow can be generated. Therefore, the foreign matter F adhering to the stay vanes 13 can be removed more reliably.

(Fourth embodiment)
Next, with reference to FIG. 6, a foreign matter removing system for a hydraulic power plant, a hydraulic power plant, and a foreign matter removing method for the hydraulic power plant according to a fourth embodiment will be described.

The fourth embodiment shown in FIG. 6 is mainly different in that the foreign matter removing operation includes a high-pressure fluid ejection operation for ejecting high-pressure fluid from the ejection device toward the stay vanes. It is substantially the same as the first embodiment shown in FIG. In FIG. 6, the same parts as in the first embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 are assigned the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof will be omitted.

In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 6 , the Francis turbine 10 has an ejection device 60 capable of ejecting high-pressure fluid toward the stay vanes 13 . The ejection device 60 has a tubular portion 61 through which high-pressure fluid flows, and an ejection port 62 through which the high-pressure fluid that has flowed through the tubular portion 61 is ejected. The jet port 62 is provided at the tip of the tubular portion 61 and opens inside the Francis turbine 10 . The ejection port 62 faces the stay vane 13 side. As shown in FIG. 6, the ejection port 62 may be directed toward the upstream end of the stay vane 13 where the foreign matter F tends to adhere and accumulate. The spout 62 may be provided with a lid that can be opened and closed. The lid may be normally closed and opened when the high-pressure fluid is ejected. A plurality of ejection devices 60 may be provided so as to correspond to each stay vane 13 . In this case, the ejection port 62 of each ejection device 60 may be directed toward the upstream end of the corresponding stay vane 13 . The ejection device 60 may be controlled by the control device 50 . That is, ejection of the high-pressure fluid by the ejection device 60 may be controlled by the control device 50 . The high pressure fluid may be, for example, high pressure water or high pressure air.

In the present embodiment, the foreign matter removing operation includes a high-pressure fluid ejection operation of ejecting high-pressure fluid from ejection device 60 toward stay vane 13 . That is, when the difference between the target output value and the actual output value exceeds the threshold value, the control device 50 causes the ejection device 60 to perform the high-pressure fluid ejection operation of ejecting the high-pressure fluid toward the stay vanes 13. Control.

By ejecting the high-pressure fluid from the ejection device 60 toward the stay vanes 13 , the foreign matter F adhering to the stay vanes 13 can be hit with the high-pressure fluid. Therefore, it is possible to reliably remove the foreign matter F adhering to the stay vane 13 .

This high-pressure fluid ejection operation may be performed while the Francis turbine 10 is in operation, or may be performed while the Francis turbine 10 is stopped. That is, after stopping the operation of the Francis turbine 10, the control device 50 may perform the high-pressure fluid ejection operation while the Francis turbine 10 is stopped. By performing the high-pressure fluid ejection operation while the Francis turbine 10 is stopped, the influence on the operation can be minimized.

As described above, according to the present embodiment, the foreign matter removing operation includes a high-pressure fluid ejection operation of ejecting high-pressure fluid from ejection device 60 toward stay vane 13 . As a result, when the foreign matter F adheres to the stay vane 13, the foreign matter F can be hit with the high-pressure fluid. Therefore, the foreign matter F attached to the stay vane 13 can be reliably removed.

According to the embodiment described above, it is possible to easily and reliably remove foreign matter adhering to the stay vanes.

Although several embodiments of the present invention have been described above, these embodiments are presented as examples and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. These novel embodiments can be embodied in various other forms, and various omissions, replacements, and modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the invention. These embodiments and modifications thereof are included in the scope and gist of the invention, and are included in the scope of the invention described in the claims and equivalents thereof.

In each of the above-described embodiments, the Francis turbine has been described as an example of a hydraulic machine, but the present invention is not limited to this and can be applied to hydraulic machines other than the Francis turbine. .

1: Hydroelectric power generation equipment, 2: Upper water tank, 3: Penstock, 5: Generator, 7: Lower water tank, 10: Francis turbine, 13: Stay vane, 14: Guide vane, 20: Foreign matter removal system, 30: Calculation device , 31: Upper water level detector, 32: Lower water level detector, 33: Pressure detector, 34: Opening detector, 40: Measuring device, 50: Control device, 60: Ejection device, F: Foreign matter

Claims (12)

A foreign matter removal system for a hydraulic power plant, which removes foreign substances adhering to stay vanes of the hydraulic power plant in a hydraulic power plant comprising a hydraulic machine and a generator that generates power by being driven by the hydraulic machine,
A control device for controlling the hydraulic machine,
The control device controls the hydraulic machine to perform a foreign matter removing operation for removing foreign matter adhering to the stay vanes,
The foreign matter removing operation includes:
guide vane closing operation for closing the guide vanes of the hydraulic machine to a fully closed state;
restart operation for starting the hydraulic machine after stopping the operation of the hydraulic machine;
A hydroelectric power plant comprising a guide vane opening operation that opens guide vanes of the hydraulic machine after electrically disconnecting the generator from the grid, or a high pressure fluid ejection operation that ejects high pressure fluid from an ejection device toward the stay vanes. Contaminant removal system for 2. The foreign matter removing system for hydroelectric power generation equipment according to claim 1, wherein said foreign matter removing operation includes a guide vane closing operation for closing guide vanes of said hydraulic machine to a fully closed state. 3. A foreign object removal system for a hydroelectric power plant according to claim 2, wherein in said guide vane closing operation, said guide vanes are closed at a speed higher than the speed at which said guide vanes are closed when said hydraulic machine is normally stopped. 2. The foreign matter removing system for hydroelectric power generation equipment according to claim 1, wherein said foreign object removing operation includes a restart operation of starting said hydraulic machine after stopping operation of said hydraulic machine. 5 . The foreign matter removing system for hydroelectric power generation equipment according to claim 4 , wherein in the restarting operation, the guide vanes of the hydraulic machine are opened to a startup opening larger than a startup opening during normal startup. 2. The foreign matter removal system for hydroelectric power generation equipment according to claim 1, wherein said foreign matter removal operation includes a guide vane opening operation for opening guide vanes of said hydraulic machine after electrically disconnecting said generator from a system. 7. The foreign matter removing system for hydroelectric power generation equipment according to claim 6, wherein in said guide vane opening operation, said guide vane is opened to an opening degree equal to or greater than a maximum output opening degree. 2. The foreign matter removing system for hydroelectric power generation equipment according to claim 1, wherein said foreign matter removing operation includes a high-pressure fluid ejection operation of ejecting high-pressure fluid from an ejection device toward said stay vanes. a calculation device for calculating a target output value of the generator during operation of the hydraulic machine;
a measuring device that measures the actual output value of the generator during operation of the hydraulic machine,
The control device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein when a difference between the target output value and the actual output value exceeds a threshold, the hydraulic machine is controlled to perform the foreign matter removing operation. A foreign matter removal system for a hydroelectric power plant as described. The hydraulic power generation facility includes an upper water tank that stores water to be supplied to the hydraulic machine, a lower water tank that stores water discharged from the hydraulic machine, and water supplied to the hydraulic machine from the upper water tank. a penstock, and
The calculation device includes an upper water level detector that detects the water level of the upper water tank, a lower water level detector that detects the water level of the lower water tank, a pressure detector that detects the pressure in the penstock, and the hydraulic machine. and an opening detector that detects the opening of the guide vane of
The calculation device includes the water level in the upper water tank detected by the upper water level detector, the water level in the lower water tank detected by the lower water level detector, and the water level in the penstock detected by the pressure detector. 10. The foreign matter removing system for hydroelectric power generation equipment according to claim 9, wherein said target output value is calculated based on the pressure and the opening degree of said guide vane detected by said opening degree detector. the hydraulic machine;
the generator;
A hydroelectric power plant comprising a foreign matter removal system for a hydroelectric power plant according to any one of claims 1 to 10. A foreign matter removal method for a hydraulic power plant, which removes foreign substances adhering to stay vanes of the hydraulic power plant in a hydraulic power plant comprising a hydraulic power machine and a generator that generates power by being driven by the hydraulic power machine,
a foreign matter removing step for removing foreign matter adhering to the stay vane,
The foreign matter removing operation includes:
guide vane closing operation for closing the guide vanes of the hydraulic machine to a fully closed state;
restart operation for starting the hydraulic machine after stopping the operation of the hydraulic machine;
A hydroelectric power plant comprising a guide vane opening operation that opens guide vanes of the hydraulic machine after electrically disconnecting the generator from the grid, or a high pressure fluid ejection operation that ejects high pressure fluid from an ejection device toward the stay vanes. foreign matter removal method for

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