JP2023066013A - Method for producing animal repellent member and animal repelling method - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a method for producing an animal repellent member, capable of producing the animal repellent member that can be molded at low temperatures so as to prevent the volatilization of an animal repellent and also has improved sustained-releasability, and an animal repelling method.SOLUTION: A method for producing an animal repellent member includes heating an animal-repellent composition that comprises a micro-encapsulated animal repellent comprising an animal repellent such as 2-methylthiazole, 2-methylthio-2-thiazoline, thiomorpholine, 2,5-dimethyl-2-thiazoline and a resin, at a temperature lower than the volatilization temperature of the animal repellent.SELECTED DRAWING: None

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing an animal repelling member and a method for repelling animals.

In recent years, in order to overcome the problems of conventional animal repellents, development of powerful and non-taming new animal repellents based on thiazoline compounds has been promoted (see, for example, Patent Document 1 and Non-Patent Document 1). ). The sense of smell in animals is equipped with a special olfactory system that receives odors from targets that have been recognized as dangerous to the species during evolution (eg, predators for small animals and herbivores). The thiazoline compound is an odorant molecule that is accepted by this special olfactory system. It has an excellent property that no acclimation occurs at all even if it is used (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

Japanese Patent No. 5350496

Kobayagawa, K.; , et al. , Nature, 2007, 450(7169):503-508.

The thiazoline compounds have an excellent property that they do not cause acclimation, and high expectations are placed on them as new powerful and non-acclimating animal repellents. However, the above-mentioned thiazoline compounds are highly volatile and tend to be denatured under conditions of exposure to air, which is a weak point in long-term use.
In addition, since the thiazoline compound is highly volatile, a composition in which the thiazoline compound is simply mixed with a resin does not release the thiazoline compound in a sustained manner, resulting in early loss of repellent effect. Furthermore, since thiazoline compounds are highly volatile, high heat cannot be applied during the manufacturing process, making it difficult to use them in product forms that require thermoforming at relatively high temperatures, such as tubes and sheets. There is a problem.

An object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned conventional problems and to achieve the following objects. That is, the present invention provides a method for producing an animal repellent member and a method for repelling an animal, which can be molded at a low temperature where the animal repellent does not volatilize and which can produce an animal repellent member with improved sustained release properties. aim.

ただし、前記一般式（Ｉ）から（ＶＩ）中、Ｒ_１、Ｒ_２、及びＲ_３はそれぞれ独立して水素原子、ハロゲン原子、炭素数１～６のアルキル基、又は炭素数１～５のアルキルチオ基を示す。
＜２＞ 前記一般式（Ｉ）で示される化合物が、２－メチルチアゾール、２－エチルチアゾール、２－ブロモチアゾール、４－メチルチアゾール、及び２，４－ジメチルチアゾールから選択されるいずれかの化合物であり、
前記一般式（ＩＩ）又は（ＩＩＩ）で示される化合物が、２－メチル－２－チアゾリン、２－メチルチオ－２－チアゾリン、４－メチル－２－チアゾリン、２，４－ジメチル－２－チアゾリン、及び２，２－ジメチルチアゾリジンから選択されるいずれかの化合物であり、
前記一般式（ＩＶ）で示される化合物が、チオモルホリンであり、
前記一般式（Ｖ）で示される化合物が、２，５－ジメチル－２－チアゾリン及び５－メチル－２－チアゾリンから選択されるいずれかの化合物である、前記＜１＞に記載の動物忌避部材の製造方法である。
＜３＞ ８０℃以上１３０℃以下の温度で加熱する、前記＜１＞から＜２＞のいずれかに記載の動物忌避部材の製造方法である。
＜４＞ 前記樹脂が、塩化ビニル樹脂、酢酸ビニル樹脂、オレフィン樹脂、生分解性樹脂、及びこれらの共重合体から選択される少なくとも１種である、前記＜１＞から＜３＞のいずれかに記載の動物忌避部材の製造方法である。
＜５＞ 前記動物忌避組成物が可塑剤を含有する、前記＜１＞から＜４＞のいずれかに記載の動物忌避部材の製造方法である。
＜６＞ 前記動物忌避組成物が充填剤を含有する、前記＜１＞から＜５＞のいずれかに記載の動物忌避部材の製造方法である。
＜７＞ 基材上に前記動物忌避組成物を付与した後、動物忌避剤の沸点より３０℃低い温度以下で加熱する、前記＜１＞から＜６＞のいずれかに記載の動物忌避部材の製造方法である。
＜８＞ 前記基材が不織布である、前記＜７＞に記載の動物忌避部材の製造方法である。
＜９＞ 前記＜１＞から＜８＞のいずれかに記載の動物忌避部材の製造方法で製造された動物忌避部材を、動物を忌避させる空間に配置する工程を含むことを特徴とする動物の忌避方法である。 Means for solving the above problems are as follows. Namely
<1> An animal repellent composition containing a microencapsulated animal repellent containing at least one animal repellent selected from compounds represented by the following general formulas (I) to (VI) and a resin; A method for producing an animal repellent member characterized by heating at a temperature not higher than 30° C. below the boiling point of the repellent.

However, in the general formulas (I) to (VI), R ₁ , R ₂ and R ₃ are each independently a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, or a Indicates an alkylthio group.
<2> Any compound selected from 2-methylthiazole, 2-ethylthiazole, 2-bromothiazole, 4-methylthiazole, and 2,4-dimethylthiazole as the compound represented by the general formula (I) and
The compound represented by the general formula (II) or (III) is 2-methyl-2-thiazoline, 2-methylthio-2-thiazoline, 4-methyl-2-thiazoline, 2,4-dimethyl-2-thiazoline, and 2,2-dimethylthiazolidine,
The compound represented by the general formula (IV) is thiomorpholine,
The animal repellent member according to <1> above, wherein the compound represented by formula (V) is a compound selected from 2,5-dimethyl-2-thiazoline and 5-methyl-2-thiazoline. is a manufacturing method.
<3> The method for producing an animal repellent member according to any one of <1> to <2>, wherein the heating is performed at a temperature of 80°C or higher and 130°C or lower.
<4> Any one of <1> to <3>, wherein the resin is at least one selected from vinyl chloride resins, vinyl acetate resins, olefin resins, biodegradable resins, and copolymers thereof. 3. A method for manufacturing the animal repelling member according to .
<5> The method for producing an animal repellent member according to any one of <1> to <4>, wherein the animal repellent composition contains a plasticizer.
<6> The method for producing an animal repellent member according to any one of <1> to <5>, wherein the animal repellent composition contains a filler.
<7> The animal repellent member according to any one of <1> to <6>, wherein the animal repellent member is heated at a temperature lower than the boiling point of the animal repellent by 30°C or less after applying the animal repellent composition on the substrate. manufacturing method.
<8> The method for producing an animal repellent member according to <7>, wherein the base material is a nonwoven fabric.
<9> An animal repelling member comprising a step of arranging an animal repelling member manufactured by the method for manufacturing an animal repelling member according to any one of <1> to <8> in an animal repelling space. It is a avoidance method.

According to the present invention, it is possible to solve the above-mentioned conventional problems, achieve the above-mentioned objects, and manufacture an animal repellent member that can be molded at low temperatures where the animal repellent does not volatilize and that has improved sustained release properties. It is possible to provide a method for manufacturing an animal repelling member and a method for repelling animals.

FIG. 1 is a graph showing the relationship between the heating time at 120° C. and the weight of the animal repellent member in Example 1 and Comparative Example 2. FIG. FIG. 2 is a graph showing the relationship between the heating time at 120° C. and the weight loss rate of the animal repellent member in Example 1 and Comparative Example 2. FIG.

(Manufacturing method of animal repellent member)
The method for producing an animal repellent member of the present invention contains a microencapsulated animal repellent containing at least one animal repellent selected from compounds represented by the following general formulas (I) to (VI), and a resin. The animal repellent composition is heated at a temperature not higher than 30°C below the boiling point of the animal repellent.

ただし、前記一般式（Ｉ）から（ＶＩ）中、Ｒ_１、Ｒ_２、及びＲ_３はそれぞれ独立して水素原子、ハロゲン原子、炭素数１～６のアルキル基、又は炭素数１～５のアルキルチオ基を示す。

However, in the general formulas (I) to (VI), R ₁ , R ₂ and R ₃ are each independently a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, or a Indicates an alkylthio group.

<Animal Repellent>
As used herein, the type of "animal" to which the "animal repellent" can be applied is not particularly limited and can be appropriately selected according to the purpose. All pests that bring Examples of the animals include mice, moles, rabbits, weasels, deer, wild boars, monkeys, cats, and bears.

As used herein, the term "rat" is not particularly limited as long as it is an animal belonging to the order Rodentia. Said rodents include porcupinea, rodents, squirrels, and the like. Examples of the above-mentioned "mouse" include black rats, brown rats, house mice, field mice, voles, bamboo mice, gerbils, gophers, bamboo mice, squirrels, porcupines, degus, and nutria.
As used herein, a "deer" is an animal belonging to the family Cervidae. Examples of the above-mentioned "deer" include Japanese deer such as Yezo deer, Japanese deer, Eurasian deer, and Yaku's deer, and Japanese muntjac.

The animal repellent contains, as an active ingredient, at least one compound selected from compounds represented by the following general formulas (I) to (VI).
The compounds represented by the general formulas (I) to (VI) are preferably, for example, compounds that have volatility and can be perceived by an animal's sense of smell, and as a result, compounds that can induce repellent behavior in animals. . The compounds represented by the general formulas (I) to (VI) have the effect of mimicking the substances contained in the urine of predators for small animals and herbivorous animals. It shows a strong repellent effect against small animals such as deer and herbivorous animals.

In general formulas (I) to (VI), R ₁ , R ₂ and R ₃ are each independently a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, or an alkylthio group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms. indicates

Examples of the halogen atom include fluorine atom, chlorine atom, bromine atom, and iodine atom.

The alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms means a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, more preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms.
Examples of the alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms include methyl group, ethyl group, propyl group, isopropyl group, butyl group, 1-methylpropyl group, 2-methylpropyl group, tert-butyl group, pentyl group, 1 -methylbutyl group, 2-methylbutyl group, 3-methylbutyl group, 1,1-dimethylpropyl group, 2,2-dimethylpropyl group, 1,2-dimethylpropyl group, 1-ethylpropyl group, hexyl group, 1-methyl pentyl group, 2-methylpentyl group, 3-methylpentyl group, 4-methylpentyl group, 1,1-dimethylbutyl group, 2,2-dimethylbutyl group, 3,3-dimethylbutyl group, 1,2-dimethyl butyl group, 1,3-dimethylbutyl group, 2,3-dimethylbutyl group, 1-ethylbutyl group, 2-ethylbutyl group, 1-ethyl-2-methylpropyl group and the like. Among these, linear or branched alkyl groups having 1 to 4 carbon atoms are preferred, methyl group, ethyl group, propyl group, isopropyl group, butyl group and isobutyl group are more preferred, and methyl group is particularly preferred.

The alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms may be substituted, and examples of the substituent include a halogeno group. Examples of the halogeno group include a fluoro group, a chloro group, and a bromo group. As the halogeno-substituted alkyl group, a haloalkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms is preferable.
The aforementioned haloalkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms means an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms substituted with 1 to 5 halogeno groups. , may be the same or different.
Examples of the haloalkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms include fluoromethyl group, difluoromethyl group, trifluoromethyl group, chlorodifluoromethyl group, 1-fluoroethyl group, 2-fluoroethyl group, 2-chloroethyl group, 2 -bromoethyl group, 1,1-difluoroethyl group, 1,2-difluoroethyl group, 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl group, 1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethyl group, 1,1,2, 2,2-pentafluoroethyl group, 1-fluoropropyl group, 1,1-difluoropropyl group, 2,2-difluoropropyl group, 3-fluoropropyl group, 3,3,3-trifluoropropyl group, 4- fluorobutyl group, 4,4,4-trifluorobutyl group, 5-fluoropentyl group, 5,5,5-trifluoropentyl group, 6-fluorohexyl group, 6,6,6-trifluorohexyl group, etc. mentioned.

Examples of the alkylthio group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms include methylthio group, ethylthio group, propylthio group and butylthio group.

In the above general formula (I) or (II), R ₁ and R ₂ each independently represent a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group _having 1 to 6 carbon atoms (eg, methyl group, ethyl group); Examples include compounds or salts thereof in which when one of R ₂ is a hydrogen atom, the other is not a hydrogen atom.

In general formula (III) above, compounds or salts thereof in which R ₁ , R ₂ and R ₃ each independently represent a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms (eg, methyl group) can be mentioned.

In the above general formulas (I) to (III), R ₁ is a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom (eg, bromine atom), an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms (eg, methyl group, ethyl group) or 1 carbon atom to 5 alkylthio groups (e.g., methylthio groups), wherein R ₂ represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms (e.g., methyl group), and R ₃ represents a hydrogen atom or a C 1 Compounds or salts thereof exhibiting ∼6 alkyl groups (eg, methyl groups) are more preferred.
Compounds in which R ₁ , R ₂ and R ₃ in the general formulas (I) to (III) each independently represent a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms (eg, methyl group, ethyl group) or a salt thereof is more preferred.

In the above general formula (IV), compounds or salts thereof in which R ₁ and R ₂ each independently represent a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms (eg, methyl group) can be mentioned.

In general formula (V) above, compounds or salts thereof in which R ₁ and R ₂ each independently represent a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms (eg, methyl group) can be mentioned.
Compounds or salts thereof in which, in the above general formula (V), when either R ₁ or R ₂ is a hydrogen atom, the other is not a hydrogen atom are more preferred.

In the above general formula (VI), compounds or salts thereof in which R ₁ and R ₂ each independently represent a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms (eg, methyl group) can be mentioned.

Preferred examples of the compound represented by the general formula (I) include 2-methylthiazole, 2-ethylthiazole, 2-bromothiazole, 4-methylthiazole and 2,4-dimethylthiazole.

Examples of the compound represented by the general formula (II) include 2-methyl-2-thiazoline, 2-methylthio-2-thiazoline, 4-methyl-2-thiazoline, 2,4-dimethyl-2-thiazoline, and the like. It is preferably mentioned.

Preferable examples of the compound represented by the general formula (III) include thiazolidine, 2-methylthiazolidine, 2,2-dimethylthiazolidine, 4-methylthiazolidine and 2,4-dimethylthiazolidine.

Preferred examples of the compound represented by the general formula (IV) include thiomorpholine.

Preferred examples of the compound represented by the general formula (V) include 2,5-dimethyl-2-thiazoline and 5-methyl-2-thiazoline.

Preferred examples of the compound represented by the general formula (VI) include 5-methylthiazolidine.

The compounds represented by formulas (I) to (VI) above also include salts thereof. Salts of the above compounds include all pharmaceutically, agriculturally, or industrially acceptable salts, such as alkali metal salts such as sodium salts and potassium salts; magnesium salts, calcium salts, etc. alkaline earth metal salts; ammonium salts such as dimethylammonium salts and triethylammonium salts; inorganic acid salts such as hydrochlorides, perchlorates, sulfates and nitrates; organic acid salts such as acetates and methanesulfonates is mentioned.
The animal repellent may also contain a thiazoline-based compound selected from food additive flavorings.
Said animal repellent may additionally contain further compounds having repellent activity in addition to the above. Such additional compounds that may be included include, but are not limited to, mint, camphor, and the like, which are conventionally used as rat repellents.

The content of the animal repellent contained in the animal repellent composition of the present invention is 1×10 ⁻⁶ mass % or more, 1×10 ⁻⁵ mass % or more, 1×10 ⁻⁴ mass % or more, 1×10 ⁻³ % by mass or more, 0.01% by mass or more, 0.1% by mass or more, 1% by mass or more, 5% by mass or more, 10% by mass or more, 20% by mass or more, or 50% by mass or more, and/or 50% by mass Below, 20% by mass or less, 10% by mass or less, 5% by mass or less, 1% by mass or less, 0.1% by mass or less, 0.01% by mass or less, 1×10 ⁻³ % by mass or less, 1×10 ⁻⁴ % by mass or less, 1×10 ⁻⁵ mass % or less, or 1×10 ⁻⁶ mass % or less.

Said animal repellent is used as a microencapsulated animal repellent which is microencapsulated as described below.

<Microencapsulation of animal repellent>
The animal repellent microcapsules have a shell and a core containing the animal repellent inside the shell. By microencapsulating the animal repellent, the persistence of the repellent effect can be enhanced more than when the animal repellent is used alone.
The components of the shell of the microcapsules are not particularly limited as long as they can stably enclose the animal repellent, and can be appropriately selected according to the purpose. Thermosetting resins such as formaldehyde resins, polyurethane resins, polyurea resins, epoxy resins; polyacrylate resins, polymethacrylate resins, polyamide resins, polyester resins, biodegradable resins, silica, gelatin, gum arabic, agar, cellulose, cellulose derivatives etc. These may be used individually by 1 type, and may use 2 or more types together. Among these, biodegradable resins or thermosetting resins such as melamine resins, melamine-formaldehyde resins, phenol-formaldehyde resins, polyurethane resins, polyurea resins and epoxy resins are preferred.

Microencapsulation techniques for preparing microcapsules of animal repellents are not particularly limited and can be appropriately selected according to the purpose. Dissolve the membrane material (shell) in the core) and disperse it in an insoluble dispersion medium, add a reactant soluble in the dispersion medium while stirring, and react the two on the surface of the dispersed particles to obtain a core substance. interfacial polymerization method to form a capsule film of a polymer encapsulating; in situ polymerization method in which a film material is supplied from only one of the dispersed particles and the dispersion medium and the capsule film is formed on the surface of the dispersed particles; only one type coacervation methods such as a simple coacervation method in which the wall material is composed of polymers of 2 or more types, a composite coacervation method in which the wall material is composed of two or more kinds of polymers; A medium drying method, a spraying/granulation method, and the like can be mentioned.

The volume average particle diameter of the microcapsules is not particularly limited and can be appropriately selected depending on the intended purpose, but it is preferable to use microcapsules of 1 μm or more and 50 μm or less.
The content of the animal repellent in the microencapsulated animal repellent is not particularly limited and can be appropriately selected according to the purpose, and is the same as the content of the animal repellent contained in the animal repellent composition.

<Resin>
The resin is preferably a vinyl chloride resin, a vinyl acetate resin, an olefin resin, a biodegradable resin, or a copolymer thereof.

<<Vinyl chloride resin>>
As the vinyl chloride resin, a (co)polymer containing structural units derived from vinyl chloride is used. That is, a homopolymer of vinyl chloride or a copolymer of vinyl chloride and other monomers can be used.
When the vinyl chloride resin is a copolymer containing a structural unit derived from another monomer, the lower limit of the content of the structural unit derived from the other monomer is preferably 5% by mass or more, 7% by mass or more is more preferable, and 8% by mass or more is even more preferable.

Examples of the other monomers include vinyl esters, vinyl ethers, α,β-unsaturated carboxylic acids or salts thereof, α,β-unsaturated carboxylic acid esters, unsaturated amides, unsaturated nitriles, hydroxyl group-containing vinyl compounds, amino group-containing vinyl compounds, sulfonic acid group-containing vinyl compounds, aromatic vinyl compounds, vinylidene chloride, and the like.
As the other monomer, vinyl ester is preferable, and vinyl acetate, that is, vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate copolymer is particularly preferable from the viewpoint of adhesion of the sheet.
Commercially available products can be used as the vinyl chloride resin, and examples of the commercial products include Tosoh Corporation Ryuron Paste (registered trademark) 250, 200, 241, T80A, 725, 733, 860, 810, 960, C38, 750, 751, 850; Kaneka Corporation Kanevinyl Paste (registered trademark) PSL-675, PSL-684, PQB-83, PCH-12, PCH-72, PCM-178; Shin Daiichi PVC Co., Ltd. Company ZEST® P-21, PQB-83, PQ-83, PQB-93 and the like.

The average degree of polymerization of the vinyl chloride resin is not particularly limited and can be appropriately selected depending on the purpose. 500 to 2,200 is more preferred.

In the animal repellent composition, the vinyl chloride resin may be dispersed in the form of granules or the like, or may be dissolved in an organic solvent when it is contained. In the former case, the shape and size of the vinyl chloride resin are not particularly limited, but the average particle size is preferably 0.1 μm to 1.5 μm. Further, in this case, the granules may consist of only vinyl chloride resin, or may consist of vinyl chloride resin and a plasticizer or other component.

<<Vinyl Acetate Resin>>
As the vinyl acetate resin, a (co)polymer containing structural units derived from vinyl acetate is used. That is, vinyl acetate homopolymers or copolymers of vinyl acetate and other monomers can be used.
When the vinyl acetate resin is a copolymer containing a structural unit derived from another monomer, the upper limit of the content of the structural unit derived from the other monomer is preferably 7% by mass or less, 5% by mass or less is more preferable.
Examples of the other monomers include vinyl esters, vinyl ethers, α,β-unsaturated carboxylic acids or salts thereof, α,β-unsaturated carboxylic acid esters, unsaturated amides, unsaturated nitriles, hydroxyl group-containing vinyl compounds, amino group-containing vinyl compounds, sulfonic acid group-containing vinyl compounds, aromatic vinyl compounds, vinylidene chloride, and the like.
As the other monomer, vinyl ester is preferable, and from the viewpoint of adhesion, vinyl chloride and ethylene are preferable.
Commercially available products can be used as the vinyl acetate resin, and examples of the commercial products include ethylene-vinyl acetate resin (manufactured by Sumika Chemtex Co., Ltd., Sumikaflex 951HQ), vinyl acetate-acrylic resin (Nissin Kagaku Industrial Co., Ltd., Vinyblan 1225) and the like.

<<Olefin Resin>>
The olefin resin is not particularly limited and can be appropriately selected depending on the purpose. Examples include polyethylene resin, chlorinated polyethylene resin, polypropylene resin, polybutene resin, polypentene resin, polycyclopentene resin, polymethylpentene resin, polystyrene. resins, polybutadiene resins, polyisoprene resins, copolymers thereof, and the like.
As the olefin resin, a commercially available product can be used. Examples of the commercially available product include the ARTON (registered trademark) series (manufactured by JSR Corporation), the Surflen (registered trademark) series (manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation), ), ZEONOR (registered trademark) series, ZEONEX (registered trademark) (both manufactured by Nippon Zeon Co., Ltd.), and the like.

<<Biodegradable Resin>>
The biodegradable resin is not particularly limited, and may be a bio-derived material or a petroleum-derived material. Examples of such biodegradable resins include aliphatic polyesters or derivatives thereof, microbial polyesters, aromatic-aliphatic polyesters, aliphatic polyester carbonates, aliphatic polyester amides, aliphatic polyester ethers, polyamino acids, polyvinyl alcohols, starch; cellulose derivatives such as cellulose, cellulose acetate, hydroxyethyl cellulose and hydroxypropyl cellulose; and polysaccharides such as chitin, chitosan and mannan.

Examples of the aliphatic polyester or derivative thereof include polylactic acid (PLA), polybutylene succinate resin, and polyester containing 3-hydroxyalkanoic acid as a monomer unit.

The above-mentioned polylactic acid (PLA) is produced using lactic acid obtained by fermenting plants such as corn as a raw material, and is decomposed into water and carbon dioxide by microorganisms. It is preferably used as a biorecycle type.
Specific examples of the polybutylene succinate resin include polybutylene succinate (PBS), polybutylene succinate adipate (PBSA), polybutylene succinate lactide, and the like.
Examples of products (commercially available products) that can be used as the polybutylene succinate-based resin include, for example, Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation polybutylene succinate-based resin "BioPBS" (registered trademark) (polybutylene succinate, polybutylene succinate-based resin). adipate, etc.), polybutylene succinate resin "Bionore" (registered trademark) manufactured by Showa Denko Co., Ltd., polybutylene succinate resin manufactured by Shandong Fuwin New Material, polybutylene adipate terephthalate resin "Ecoflex" (registered trademark) manufactured by BASF ) and the like. The polybutylene succinate-based resin may be a biological material or a petroleum-derived material.

Specific examples of the polyester containing 3-hydroxyalkanoic acid as the monomer unit include, for example, PHB [poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) or poly-3-hydroxybutyrate], PHBH [poly(3-hydroxybutyrate- co-3-hydroxyhexanoate), poly (3-hydroxybutyric acid-co-3-hydroxyhexanoic acid)], PHBV [poly (3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate), poly (3- Hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvaleric acid)], P3HB4HB [poly (3-hydroxybutyrate-co-4-hydroxybutyrate), poly (3-hydroxybutyrate-co-4-hydroxybutyrate)], poly ( 3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyoctanoate), poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyoctadecanoate), and the like.

Commercially available products of the aliphatic polyester or derivative thereof include, for example, PBS obtained from 1,4-butanediol and succinic acid in aliphatic polyester obtained by polycondensation reaction of glycol (diol) and polyvalent carboxylic acid ( For example, Bionolle 1000 series (registered trademark: manufactured by Showa Denko Co., Ltd.), BiOPBS FZ series (registered trademark: manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation)), PBSA obtained by copolymerizing PBS with adipic acid (e.g., Bionolle 3000 series (registered trademark: Showa Denko Co., Ltd.)), BiOPBS FD series (registered trademark: manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation)), polyethylene succinate (PES) obtained from ethylene glycol and succinic acid, obtained from hydroxyalkanoic acid and polycarboxylic acid Aliphatic polyester copolymer poly (3-hydroxyalkanoate) (among them, poly (3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyhexanoate) (PHBH) (e.g., Aonylex (registered trademark: Kaneka Corporation (manufactured by B.A.S.)), and PBAT (for example, Ecoflex (registered trademark: BAS・F Co., Ltd.)), polybutylene terephthalate succinate (PBTS), which is a copolymer of 1,4-butanediol, succinic acid and terephthalic acid (for example, Biomax (registered trademark: manufactured by DuPont)), PLA ( Examples include REVODE (registered trademark: manufactured by Kaisho Biomaterials Co., Ltd.), Ingeo (registered trademark: manufactured by Nature Works), polycaprolactone (PCL) (e.g., CAPA6800 (registered trademark: manufactured by Perstorp)), and the like. .

The content of the resin is 0.01% by mass or more, 0.1% by mass or more, 1% by mass or more, 5% by mass or more, 10% by mass or more, and 20% by mass or more with respect to the total amount of the animal repellent composition. , or 50% by mass or more, and/or 50% by mass or less, 20% by mass or less, 10% by mass or less, 5% by mass or less, 1% by mass or less, 0.1% by mass or less, or 0.01% by mass or less There may be.

<Plasticizer>
The plasticizer is not particularly limited and can be appropriately selected depending on the intended purpose. Plasticizers, citrate plasticizers, polyester plasticizers, glycol ester plasticizers, phosphate plasticizers, sulfonate plasticizers, epoxy plasticizers, and the like. These may be used individually by 1 type, and may use 2 or more types together.

Examples of the phthalate plasticizer include dimethyl phthalate, diethyl phthalate, dibutyl phthalate, dihexyl phthalate, di-n-octyl phthalate, diisooctyl phthalate, bis-2-ethylhexyl phthalate, dinonyl phthalate, diisononyl phthalate, Didecyl phthalate, diisodecyl phthalate, butylbenzyl phthalate, octylbenzyl phthalate, nonylbenzyl phthalate, dimethylcyclohexyl phthalate and the like.

Examples of the adipate plasticizer include bis(2-ethylhexyl) adipate, diisononyl adipate, diisodecyl adipate, and bis(2-butoxyethyl) adipate.

Examples of the trimellitate plasticizer include tri-n-octyl trimellitate, tri-(2-ethylhexyl) trimellitate, triisooctyl trimellitate, triisodecyl trimellitate, di-n-octyl-n- and decyl trimellilate.

Examples of the linear dibasic acid ester plasticizer include di-2-ethylhexyl adipate, di-n-octyl adipate, di-n-decyl adipate, diisodecyl adipate, di-2-ethylhexyl azelate, di- n-octyl azelate, dibutyl sebacate, di-2-ethylhexyl sebacate, di-n-octyl sebacate and the like.

Examples of the citric acid ester plasticizer include tri-n-butyl citrate, acetyltributyl citrate, acetyl tri-(2-ethylhexyl) citrate, propenyltributyl citrate and the like.

Examples of the polyester plasticizer include poly (propylene glycol, adipic acid) ester, poly (butanediol, adipic acid) ester, poly (ethylene glycol, adipic acid) ester, poly (1,6-hexanediol, butane diol, adipic acid) ester, poly(butanediol, ethylene glycol, adipic acid) ester, poly(ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, butanediol, adipic acid) ester, and the like.

Examples of the glycol ester plasticizer include triacetin, tributyrin, butylphthalyl butyl glycolate, ethyl phthalyl ethyl glycolate, methyl phthalyl ethyl glycolate, butyl phthalyl butyl glycolate, diethylene glycol dibenzoate, and triethylene glycol. dibenzoate, diethylene glycol monobutyl ether acetate, ethylene glycol monobutyl ether acetate, dipropylene glycol dibenzoate, tripropylene glycol dibenzoate and the like.

Examples of the phosphate plasticizer include tributyl phosphate, trihexyl phosphate, trioctyl phosphate, tricresyl phosphate, triphenyl phosphate, trixylyl phosphate, butyldixylenyl phosphate, octyldiphenyl phosphate, and cresyl diphenyl phosphate. , tributoxyethyl phosphate, trichloroethyl phosphate, tris(2-chloropropyl) phosphate, tris(2,3-dichloropropyl) phosphate, tris(2,3-dibromopropyl) phosphate, tris(bromochloropropyl) phosphate, bis (2,3-dibromopropyl)-2,3-dichloropropyl phosphate, bis(chloropropyl) monooctyl phosphate and the like.

Examples of the sulfonic acid ester plasticizer include phenyl decanesulfonate, phenyl undecane sulfonate, phenyl dodecane sulfonate, phenyl tridecane sulfonate, phenyl tetradecane sulfonate, phenyl pentadecane sulfonate, and pentadecane. cresyl sulfonate, phenyl hexadecane sulfonate, phenyl heptadecane sulfonate, phenyl octadecane sulfonate, phenyl nonadecane sulfonate, phenyl icosandecyl sulfonate and the like.

Examples of the epoxy plasticizer include epoxidized soybean oil, epoxidized linseed oil, epoxidized cottonseed oil, and liquid epoxy resins.

Among the above plasticizers, phthalate plasticizers and adipate plasticizers are more preferable from the viewpoint of compatibility with thermoplastic resins and coatability.

The content of the plasticizer is 0.01% by mass or more, 0.1% by mass or more, 1% by mass or more, 5% by mass or more, 10% by mass or more, and 20% by mass with respect to the total amount of the animal repellent composition. or more, or 50% by mass or more, and/or 50% by mass or less, 20% by mass or less, 10% by mass or less, 5% by mass or less, 1% by mass or less, 0.1% by mass or less, or 0.01% by mass or less may be

<Filler>
The filler is not particularly limited and can be appropriately selected depending on the intended purpose. Examples include calcium carbonate, glass, talc, calcined clay, uncalcined clay, mica, titanium oxide, alumina, silica, aluminum hydroxide, Magnesium hydroxide, barium sulfate, calcium sulfate, calcium sulfite, zinc borate, barium metaborate, aluminum borate, calcium borate, sodium borate, aluminum nitride, boron nitride, silicon nitride and the like. These may be used individually by 1 type, and may use 2 or more types together.
By containing the filler, the thickness of the coating film can be increased during coating.
The content of the filler is 10 parts by mass or more, 30 parts by mass or more, 50 parts by mass or more, 70 parts by mass or more, or 100 parts by mass or more, and/or 100 parts by mass or less with respect to 100 parts by mass of the resin. , 70 parts by mass or less, 50 parts by mass or less, 30 parts by mass or less, or 10 parts by mass or less.

<Other ingredients>
Other components of the animal repellent composition include, for example, insect repellents, insecticides, fungicides, antifungal agents, light stabilizers, heat stabilizers, fragrances, colorants, and/or fertilizers, pharmaceuticals, agricultural chemicals, or foods. Additives that are commonly used for formulation in such fields as may be included.
Examples of the additives include carriers, surfactants, organic solvents, antifoaming agents, antioxidants, and ultraviolet absorbers.

Examples of the carrier include inorganic carriers such as silica gel, silicic acid, kaolin, activated carbon, bentonite, diatomaceous earth, talc, clay, calcium carbonate, and carbon black; cyclodextrin, crown compounds, cyclophane, azacyclophane, calixarene, Organic carriers such as porphyrin, phthalocyanine, salen, or derivatives thereof, wood flour, soybean flour, wheat flour, starch, and the like are included. These may be used individually by 1 type, and may use 2 or more types together.

Examples of the surfactant include anionic surfactants, nonionic surfactants, and amphoteric surfactants.
Examples of the anionic surfactant include alkylbenzenesulfonates, alkanesulfonates, olefinsulfonates, monoalkyl sulfates, polyoxyethylene alkyl ether sulfates, and polyoxyethylene alkylphenyl ether sulfates. etc. These salts include alkali metal salts such as sodium salts and potassium salts, alkanolamine salts such as monoethanolamine, diethanolamine and triethanolamine.
Examples of nonionic surfactants include polyoxyethylene alkyl ethers, polyoxyethylene alkylphenyl ethers, polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene block copolymers, and the like, which are represented by nonylphenyl ethers or ethylene oxide adducts of higher alcohols. mentioned.
Examples of the amphoteric surfactant include betaine type such as alkylbetaine, alkylamidobetaine, carbobetaine and hydroxysulfobetaine; and imidazoline type amphoteric surfactant.
The said surfactant may be used individually by 1 type, and may use 2 or more types together.

Examples of the organic solvent include methanol, ethanol, propanol, and isopropanol; ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, or polyethylene glycol and polypropylene glycol, which are polymers thereof; methyl cellosolve, cellosolve, butyl cellosolve, propyl cellosolve, diethylene glycol, and methyl carbitol. , carbitol, butyl carbitol, propyl carbitol, propylene glycol monomethyl ether, propylene glycol monoethyl ether, propylene glycol monobutyl ether, propylene glycol monopropyl ether, dipropylene glycol, dipropylene glycol monomethyl ether, dipropylene glycol monoethyl ether , dipropylene glycol monobutyl ether, dipropylene glycol monopropyl ether, glycerin or derivatives thereof, and the like. These may be used individually by 1 type, and may use 2 or more types together.

In the method for producing an animal repellent member of the present invention, the microencapsulated animal repellent, the resin, the plasticizer, and optionally the other ingredients are mixed by a roll, a kneader, an extruder, a universal stirrer, or the like. Mix to prepare an animal repellent composition.
Next, the obtained animal repellent composition is heated at a temperature not higher than 30°C below the boiling point of the animal repellent. Specifically, the animal repellent composition is preferably heated at 80°C to 130°C, more preferably at 100°C or higher and 120°C or lower. The heating time is not particularly limited and can be appropriately selected depending on the purpose, but is preferably 1 minute to 10 minutes.
By heating the animal repellent composition, the sol of the animal repellent composition turns into a gel and can be molded into a desired shape at a low temperature without volatilizing the animal repellent.

Further, after applying the animal repellent composition to the substrate, the strength of the obtained animal repellent member is increased without volatilizing the animal repellent by heating at a temperature lower than the boiling point of the animal repellent by 30°C. can be improved. By heating the animal repellent composition on the substrate at a temperature lower than the boiling point of the animal repellent by 30° C. or less, the sol of the animal repellent composition becomes a gel (coating film) without volatilizing the animal repellent, and the substrate is formed. Can be combined with wood.

<Base material>
The shape, size, structure, material, etc. of the substrate are not particularly limited and can be appropriately selected according to the purpose.
Examples of the shape of the substrate include sheet-like, plate-like, tube-like, pipe-like, irregular shape, and the like.
The structure of the substrate may be a single layer structure or a laminated structure.
The size of the substrate can be appropriately selected according to the size of the animal repelling member.
Examples of the material of the substrate include inorganic materials and organic materials.
Examples of the inorganic material include glass, quartz, silicon, silicon oxide, aluminum oxide, SiO ₂ , and metals (eg, stainless steel, iron, copper, etc.).
Examples of the organic material include wood, paper, cellulose derivatives such as cellulose triacetate; synthetic paper, cloth, nonwoven fabric; polyolefin resin, biodegradable resin, polyethylene terephthalate resin, polycarbonate resin, polystyrene resin, polymethyl methacrylate resin, or These copolymers and the like are included. Among these, nonwoven fabrics are preferred.

The method for applying the animal repellent composition to the substrate is not particularly limited and can be appropriately selected depending on the intended purpose. A flow coating method, a bar coating method, a dip coating method, a spray coating method, a slit die coating method, an inkjet printing method, a screen printing method, and the like can be mentioned.

The size of the coating film, such as the shape, thickness and area of the coating film, is not particularly limited as long as the desired repelling effect can be obtained. The coating may be formed on the substrate as a single continuous region or may be formed on the substrate as a plurality of discontinuous regions.
The average thickness of the coating film is, for example, preferably 1 μm or more and 5 mm or less, more preferably 50 μm or more and 4 mm or less, still more preferably 100 μm or more and 3.5 mm or less, even more preferably 500 μm or more and 3 mm or less, and 1,000 μm or more and 3 mm or less. is particularly preferred. If the coating film is too thin, it may be difficult to obtain the desired repellent effect, and if the coating film is too thick, the coating film tends to crack or chip due to poor flexibility. However, it is possible to appropriately select the thickness of the coating film other than the above.

(Method for repelling animals)
The animal repelling method of the present invention includes the step of arranging the animal repelling member manufactured by the animal repelling member manufacturing method of the present invention in an animal repelling space, and further includes other steps as necessary.

According to the animal repelling method, the animal repellent contained in the animal repelling member is gradually released into the animal repelling space, thereby repelling the animal for a long period of time and preventing the animal from entering the animal repelling space. can do.

According to the animal repellent member, the animal repellent can be released over a long period of time without being inactivated.

As used herein, the term "sustained release" refers to the gradual release of a substance into space. As used herein, it specifically refers to the gradual release of an odorant into the air. Specifically, it means that an odorant is spontaneously released into the air at a rate slower than the rate at which the odorant is released under normal conditions. For example, it means that an odorant is released into the air at a slower rate than an undiluted stock solution or an odorant diluted with a commonly used solvent. When a repellent odorant is slowly released, animals can avoid the space because the odor molecules are present in the surrounding space for a long period of time.

As used herein, "long term" in "long-term sustained release" means longer than the period during which the odorant continues to be released under normal conditions. Specifically, it means a longer period of time than an undiluted stock solution of odorant or an odorant diluted in a commonly used solvent continues to emit under the same conditions. The specific period varies depending on the type of odorant, but for example, 1 hour or more, 2 hours or more, 3 hours or more, 6 hours or more, half a day or more, 1 day or more, 2 days or more, 3 days or more, 1 week or more. , 2 weeks or more, 1 month or more, 2 months or more, 3 months or more, 4 months or more, 5 months or more, 6 months or more, 1 year or more, 2 years or more, 3 years or more, 5 years or more , or a period of 10 years or more.

As used herein, the term "animal-repellent space" means a living space of an animal to be repelled or a space where there is a risk of intrusion. Applicable.

The above-mentioned "space for repelling animals" is not particularly limited and can be appropriately selected according to the purpose. , airports, golf courses, grounds, dust collection sites, parks, gardens, gardens, flower beds, parking lots, buildings, houses, factories, warehouses, stores, commercial facilities, restaurants, kitchens, washrooms, balconies, storerooms, underfloors, Attics, partitions, nets, wire meshes, fences, utility poles, electric wires, communication cables, bulletin boards, and the like.

The object is not particularly limited and can be appropriately selected according to the purpose. Examples include electric wires, communication cables, bulletin boards, and base materials.

The mode of arranging the animal repelling member of the present invention in an animal repelling space is not particularly limited and can be appropriately selected according to the purpose. It may be arranged, it may be buried in the soil, or it may be partially buried in the soil and partially exposed to the surface of the soil.

The animal repellent member of the present invention is not particularly limited, but for example, 1 hour or more, 2 hours or more, 3 hours or more, 6 hours or more, half a day or more, 1 day or more, 2 days or more, 3 days or more, 1 week or more. , 2 weeks or more, 1 month or more, 2 months or more, 3 months or more, 4 months or more, 5 months or more, 6 months or more, 1 year or more, 2 years or more, 3 years or more, 5 years or more , or 10 years or more, and/or 10 years or less, 5 years or less, 3 years or less, 2 years or less, 1 year or less, 6 months or less, 5 months or less, 4 months or less, 3 months or less, 2 1 month or less, 1 month or less, 2 weeks or less, 1 week or less, 3 days or less, 2 days or less, 1 day or less, half a day or less, 6 hours or less, 3 hours or less, 2 hours or less, or 1 hour or less can be used for a period of time.

Animals to be repelled by the animal repelling member of the present invention are not particularly limited. For example, pests that cause damage to agricultural crops, forests, livestock, or people's houses are targeted. Examples of harmful animals include animals such as mice, moles, rabbits, weasels, deer, wild boars, monkeys, cats, and bears; birds such as pigeons and crows; reptiles such as snakes; Insects etc. are mentioned.

The animal repellent member of the present invention can be used such that the animal repellent agent is released at an effective concentration. As used herein, "effective concentration" is the concentration of odorant molecules in the air at which the animal repellent agent is capable of repelling the target animal. The effective concentration varies depending on the type of repellent used and the combination of animals to be repelled. 0.5 ppm or more, 1 ppm or more, 5 ppm or more, or 10 ppm or more, and/or 10 ppm or less, 5 ppm or less, 1 ppm or less, 0.5 ppm or less, 0.4 ppm or less, 0.3 ppm or less, 0.2 ppm or less, 0 .1 ppm or less, or 0.01 ppm or less. For example, it is 5 ppm or more and 10 ppm or less. The concentration of odor molecules in the air can be directly measured under the conditions of use, but in cases such as outdoors where measurement is difficult, the value measured in a closed space can also be used as a reference value.

Examples of the present invention will be described below, but the present invention is not limited to these examples.

(Production example 1)
<Preparation of microencapsulated animal repellent>
2-Methylthio-2-thiazoline (2MT2T, manufactured by Tokyo Kasei Kogyo Co., Ltd.) and a thermosetting resin (urethane resin) are mixed with water so that the weight ratio (2MT2T/thermosetting resin) is 1/1. It was added to the containing beaker and stirred under heating to obtain 2MT2T-containing microcapsules in an aqueous dispersion system. Then, it was dried to obtain 2MT2T-containing microcapsule powder (2MT2T-MC). The volume average particle size of the obtained 2MT2T-containing microcapsule powder was 5 μm.

(Examples 1-2 and Comparative Examples 1-2)
<Preparation of animal repellent composition>
Based on the composition and content shown in Table 1, using a mixing device (TK Robomix, manufactured by Tokushu Kika Kogyo Co., Ltd.), mixing for 1 minute at 350 rpm, Examples 1-2 and Comparative Examples 1- Two animal repellent compositions were prepared. In addition, the unit of content of each component in Table 1 is parts by mass.

<Production of animal repellent member>
Next, each of the obtained animal repellent compositions was applied to a polyester nonwoven fabric (D5100, manufactured by Toray Industries, Inc.) as a base material so as to have a thickness of 2 mm. , using a hot air oven, heated at 120° C. for 5 minutes to gel, and then cooled at room temperature (25° C.) to prepare animal repellent members of Examples 1 and 2 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2.
FIG. 1 shows the relationship between the heating time at 120° C. and the weight of the animal repellent member in Example 1 and Comparative Example 2. FIG. 2 shows the relationship between the heating time at 120° C. and the weight loss rate of the animal repellent member in Example 1 and Comparative Example 2. As shown in FIG.

Next, the "strength at break and elongation at break" were measured as follows, and the "repellent effect (odor concentration)" was evaluated as follows. Table 1 shows the results.

<Breaking strength and elongation>
Based on JIS K6251: 2017 "Vulcanized rubber and thermoplastic rubber - Determining tensile properties", No. 3 dumbbells were prepared using the animal repellent compositions of Examples 1 and 2 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2, and the breaking strength was measured. and elongation were measured.

<Repellent effect (odor concentration)>
Using a handy type odor sensor (XP-329m, manufactured by New Japan Cosmos Co., Ltd.), the animal repellent members of Examples 1 and 2 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2 were wrapped around commercially available cedar seedlings with a height of about 50 cm. After being left for 0 days, after being left for 8 days, and after being left for 27 days, the odor concentration was measured.

Details of each component in Table 1 are as follows.
*PCH-72: Kanevinyl paste PCH-72, manufactured by Kaneka Corporation ・Generic name: vinyl chloride/vinyl acetate copolymer ・Chemical formula: (CH ₂ —CHCl) _n (CH ₂ —CHOAc) _m
・Component and content: (CH ₂ —CHCl) _n (CH ₂ —CHOAc) _m = 99% or more ・Vinyl acetate = 8% (residual monomer component)

*DINP: Diisononyl phthalate (manufactured by J-Plus)
_Molecular formula: _C28H42O4 , molecular weight _: 419

* Animal repellent, 2-methylthio-2-thiazoline (2MT2T), liquid, manufactured by Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.

* Stabilizer AC-322: Ba-Zn-based PVC stabilizer manufactured by Adeka Co., Ltd.

* Light fastness agent/hindered amine type (product number: Tinuvin770DF, manufactured by BASF)

*Filler, calcium carbonate (trade name: Shiraenka CCR-B, manufactured by Shiraishi Calcium Co., Ltd.)

Claims (9)

An animal repellent composition containing a microencapsulated animal repellent containing at least one animal repellent selected from compounds represented by the following general formulas (I) to (VI) and a resin: A method for producing an animal repellent member, characterized by heating at a temperature not higher than 30°C below the boiling point.

However, in the general formulas (I) to (VI), R ₁ , R ₂ and R ₃ are each independently a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, or a Indicates an alkylthio group. The compound represented by the general formula (I) is any compound selected from 2-methylthiazole, 2-ethylthiazole, 2-bromothiazole, 4-methylthiazole, and 2,4-dimethylthiazole,
The compound represented by the general formula (II) or (III) is 2-methyl-2-thiazoline, 2-methylthio-2-thiazoline, 4-methyl-2-thiazoline, 2,4-dimethyl-2-thiazoline, and 2,2-dimethylthiazolidine,
The compound represented by the general formula (IV) is thiomorpholine,
2. The animal repellent member according to claim 1, wherein the compound represented by the general formula (V) is a compound selected from 2,5-dimethyl-2-thiazoline and 5-methyl-2-thiazoline. Production method. The method for producing an animal repellent member according to any one of claims 1 and 2, wherein the heating is performed at a temperature of 80°C or higher and 130°C or lower. The animal repelling member according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the resin is at least one selected from vinyl chloride resin, vinyl acetate resin, olefin resin, biodegradable resin, and copolymers thereof. manufacturing method. 5. The method for producing an animal repellent member according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein said animal repellent composition contains a plasticizer. 6. The method for producing an animal repellent member according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein said animal repellent composition contains a filler. 7. The method for producing an animal repellent member according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein after applying the animal repellent composition to the substrate, the composition is heated at a temperature not higher than 30[deg.]C lower than the boiling point of the animal repellent. 8. The method for producing an animal repellent member according to claim 7, wherein the base material is nonwoven fabric. A method for repelling animals, comprising the step of arranging an animal repelling member manufactured by the method for manufacturing an animal repelling member according to any one of claims 1 to 8 in an animal repelling space.

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