JP2023062292A - Blade for windmill, windmill, and wind power generator - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a windmill smoothly rotatable even at a low wind speed by reducing air resistance, a blade for the windmill used in the windmill, and a power generator using the windmill.SOLUTION: A blade for a windmill includes a blade body A1 disposed around a vertical rotation center axis Z and provided with a wind receiving face R, and a blade supporting portion for supporting the blade body. On the wind receiving face R, a front face R1 curved into a convex shape toward a front side in a direction of travel in a rotating direction r, and a rear face R2 curved into a concave shape toward a rear side in the direction of travel are formed when observed from a vertical direction, and the blade body has a plurality of blade components A11-A13 formed by dividing the wind receiving face in a horizontal direction. The blade body receiving wind at the rear face R2 is kept in a closed state for blocking passage of the wind among the blade components, and the blade body receiving the wind at the front face is kept in an open estate for allowing the passage of wind among the blade components.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a vertical rotating shaft type wind turbine, a wind turbine blade used for this wind turbine, and a wind power generator using this wind turbine.

BACKGROUND ART In recent years, the introduction of wind power generators has spread worldwide due to various advantages of wind power generation, such as low environmental load, high conversion efficiency, and ability to generate power on the sea.

There are two types of wind turbines used in wind power generators: a vertical rotating shaft type and a horizontal rotating shaft type. Currently, the horizontal rotating shaft type is mainly used.

Compared to the vertical rotating shaft type, this horizontal rotating shaft type wind turbine has the advantage of a high wind energy recovery rate, but has the disadvantage that the rotating shaft and blades must face the direction of the wind, resulting in lower rotational efficiency. There is also
In particular, a horizontal rotating shaft type wind turbine stalls due to a difference in wind direction due to a difference in altitude between the upper and lower blades, or due to a sudden change in wind direction.

On the other hand, a vertical rotary shaft type wind turbine can rotate without being affected by the wind direction compared to a horizontal rotary shaft type, and various inventions related to wind power generators having this vertical rotary shaft type wind turbine have been proposed. there is

For example, Patent Literature 1 describes an invention relating to a wind power generator that uses a vertical rotating windmill and has high power generation efficiency.

This wind power generator includes a first wind turbine and a second wind turbine having a common center of rotation. The second windmill rotates about the second lower shaft that serves as the rotation axis of the armature coil in the power generation unit.
In addition, since the second windmill is arranged in an upside-down manner with respect to the first windmill, each windmill rotates in a different direction when the wind blows from a predetermined direction.

With such a configuration, when the wind power generator receives wind, the first windmill and the second windmill rotate in opposite directions at substantially the same speed, and the relative rotational speed between the magnet and the armature coil is equal to that of the magnet or the armature coil. The rotational speed is double that when one of the armature coils is stopped.
Therefore, according to this wind power generator, the AC power generation voltage of the armature coil can be doubled as compared to when either the magnet or the armature coil is stopped, thereby improving power generation efficiency. can be done.

Japanese Patent No. 3905121

However, wind power generators using vertical rotating wind turbines, including the wind power generator described in Patent Document 1, have a problem that power generation efficiency deteriorates due to air resistance received by the wind turbines, especially at low wind speeds.

The present invention has been made in view of the above-described actual situation, and a wind turbine that can rotate smoothly even at low wind speeds by reducing air resistance, a wind turbine blade used for this wind turbine, and this An object of the present invention is to provide a wind power generator using a windmill.

The present invention for solving the above problems is a wind turbine blade, comprising: a blade main body arranged around a vertical rotation center axis and provided with a wind receiving surface; and a blade support portion supporting the blade main body. , and
The wind receiving surface includes a front side surface that is convexly curved toward the front side in the direction of travel in the rotation direction when viewed from the vertical direction, and a rear side of the front side surface that is disposed on the back side of the front side surface and is located on the rear side of the direction of travel. a posterior side curved concavely toward the
The blade main body has a plurality of blade constituent bodies formed by dividing the wind receiving surface in the horizontal direction,
The blade supporting portion has a rotating shaft portion that supports each of the blade constituent bodies so as to be rotatable about the vertical direction,
The blade main body receiving the wind on the rear side comes into a closed state in which the passage of the air between the blade forming bodies is blocked by the rotation of each blade structure, and the blade main body receiving the wind on the front side. is opened by the rotation of each blade structure, allowing air to pass between the blade structures.

Due to such a configuration, when the wind blows toward the rear side surface of the wind turbine blade, the present wind turbine blade can efficiently catch the wind over the entire concave surface and generate lift.
On the other hand, when the wind blows toward the front side surface, the wind turbine blade allows the wind to escape from between the blade constituent bodies, thereby suppressing the generation of lift.

The wind turbine provided with a plurality of the wind turbine blades around the central axis of rotation receives the wind from a predetermined direction, so that the wind turbine blades are closed and opened during the rotation. can coexist with the original wind turbine blades.
That is, the wind turbine provided with a plurality of the wind turbine blades can be rotated by the lift force of the closed wind turbine blades, and the open wind turbine blades can release the wind that resists the rotation. .
As a result, the wind turbine provided with a plurality of the wind turbine blades can suppress deterioration of rotation efficiency due to wind resistance, and can maintain high rotation efficiency even when the wind speed is low.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the total horizontal length of each blade structure gradually increases from the innermost blade structure toward the outermost blade structure. is configured as

With such a configuration, when the blade body in the open state receives the wind on the rear side, the blade body closes due to the flow that sequentially closes the gaps between the blade structures, starting with the innermost blade structure. state.
As a result, it becomes difficult for the wind received by the rear side surface to escape, contributing to an improvement in rotational efficiency.

In addition, since the movable area of the outermost blade structure, which generates the greatest rotational resistance, becomes large, when the blade main body in the closed state receives wind on the front side, the wind can escape efficiently and the rotational resistance is minimized. Furthermore, in a vertical rotation wind turbine, it is normal to increase the thickness of the blade body toward the innermost side to ensure a certain strength. The blade structure can be properly weight balanced.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the maximum rotation angle of each blade structure in the direction opposite to the direction of rotation is from the innermost blade structure toward the outermost blade structure. It is configured to gradually increase as the

With such a configuration, when the wind is received on the rear side, the flow is closed sequentially from the innermost blade structure to the closed state, and when the wind is received on the front side, the outermost blade structure. A flow that efficiently escapes the wind from the body, each can be executed more reliably.
Therefore, with the above configuration, it is possible to further improve the rotation efficiency.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, each of the rotating shafts provided in each of the blade constituent bodies extends from the end of the respective blade constituent body on the side of the central axis of rotation when viewed from the vertical direction by about 1 of its total length. /3.

By adopting such a configuration, it becomes possible to perform the rotational movement of each blade structure to go back and forth between the open state and the closed state more smoothly.

In a preferred form of the invention, the blade body is formed using CFRP.

By adopting such a configuration, the wind turbine blade can have a certain level of strength, and at the same time, can be made lightweight. Efficiency can be maintained.

The present invention is a wind turbine, which has a rotation center axis in a vertical direction, and includes a plurality of the wind turbine blades around the rotation center axis.

According to the present invention, as described above, deterioration of rotation efficiency due to wind resistance can be suppressed, and efficient rotation can be continued even when the wind speed is low.

The present invention is a wind power generator comprising the wind turbine, a support unit that rotatably supports the wind turbine, and a power generation unit that generates power based on the rotation of the wind turbine.

According to the present invention, it is possible to maintain high power generation efficiency even when the wind speed is low.

According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a wind turbine that can rotate smoothly even at low wind speeds by reducing air resistance, a wind turbine blade used for this wind turbine, and a wind power generator using this wind turbine. can.

1 is a perspective view of a wind power generator according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. It is a figure which shows the wind turbine which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the wind turbine which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the rotating shaft etc. which concern on embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the upper part etc. which concern on embodiment of this invention. 4A and 4B are diagrams showing a switching unit main body and the like according to the embodiment of the present invention; FIG. It is a perspective view showing the resistance bar unit concerning the embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing a state in which the resistance bar unit and the switching unit main body according to the embodiment of the present invention are connected; It is a figure which shows the base part etc. which concern on embodiment of this invention. Fig. 3 shows a fixed shaft according to an embodiment of the invention; It is explanatory drawing of the assembly procedure of the wind power generator which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is explanatory drawing of the assembly procedure of the wind power generator which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is explanatory drawing of the assembly procedure of the wind power generator which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is explanatory drawing of the assembly procedure of the wind power generator which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a VV' line sectional view of a wind power generator concerning an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 4 is an operation explanatory diagram of the wind power generator according to the embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 4 is an operation explanatory diagram of the wind power generator according to the embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 4 is an operation explanatory diagram of the wind power generator according to the embodiment of the present invention;

A wind power generator according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
In addition, the embodiment shown below is an example of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments. Moreover, in these figures, the code|symbol X shows the wind power generator which concerns on this embodiment.

<<Components>>
Each component constituting the wind power generator X will be described in detail below with reference to FIGS. 1 to 9. FIG.

The wind power generator X shown in FIG. 1 has a rotation center axis Z (see FIG. 15) in the vertical direction. a power generation unit 3 (see FIG. 9) that generates power based on the rotation of the wind turbine 1; an air volume adjustment unit 4 that adjusts the volume of air received by the wind turbine 1; and a solar module 5 mounted on the substrate.
Note that the rotation center axis Z is simply referred to as the main axis Z hereinafter.

Here, among the units described above, the wind turbine 1, the power generation unit 3, and the solar module 5 are each a substantially integrated unit.
On the other hand, each of the support unit 2 and the air volume adjustment unit 4 is a unit that can be disassembled into a plurality of constituent elements (hereinafter referred to as parts).
For this reason, the support unit 2 and the air volume adjustment unit 4 will be shown in an exploded state below, and the configuration of each part will be described in detail.

<Windmill>
The configuration of the wind turbine 1 will be described in detail below with reference to FIGS. 2 and 3. FIG.
FIG. 2(a) is a top view of the wind turbine 1 with blade bodies A1, which will be described later, in a closed state, and FIG. 2(b) is a top view of the wind turbine 1 with each blade body A1 in an open state.
3(a) is a perspective view of the wind turbine 1, FIG. 3(b) is a cross-sectional view taken along line PP' of FIG. 3(a), and FIG.
In addition, in FIG. 2, illustration of a support plate A22 and a shaft support portion A23, which will be described later, is omitted.

The wind turbine 1 has four wind turbine blades A arranged around a main axis Z, and a fitting portion 11 to which the wind turbine blades A are connected and into which a rotating shaft S described later is detachably fitted. .
The number of wind turbine blades A is not limited to this, and may be two, three, or five or more.

Each wind turbine blade A includes a blade main body A1 provided with a wind receiving surface R, and a blade support portion A2 that supports the blade main body A1.
2, each wind turbine blade A is connected to the fitting portion 11 at intervals of 90 degrees around the main axis Z when viewed from the vertical direction.
In the following, only the configuration of one wind turbine blade A will be described in detail, but the other wind turbine blades A also have substantially the same configuration.

As shown particularly in FIG. 2, the wind receiving surface R includes a front side surface R1 that is convexly curved forward in the traveling direction in the rotation direction r when viewed from the vertical direction, and a front side surface R1 that is curved on the back side of the front side surface R1. A rear side surface R2 is formed which is arranged and curved in a concave shape toward the rear side in the direction of travel.

The blade main body A1 includes a plurality of blade constituent bodies A11 to A13 formed by dividing the wind receiving surface R in the horizontal direction, and a base end projecting from the fitting portion 11 toward the blade constituent body A13. and a part A14.
Further, as shown in FIG. 2A, the blade main body A1 becomes sharper as it curves in a mountain shape from the base end A14 toward the outermost blade structure A11 when viewed from the vertical direction. It has a shape (hereinafter referred to as blade shape).
Furthermore, the blade main body A1 is formed using CFRP.

The overall horizontal length of the blade constituents A11 to A13 is configured to gradually increase from the innermost blade constituent A13 toward the outermost blade constituent A11. .

Here, the blade constituent bodies A11 to A13 shown in FIG. 2(a) are in a state in which the respective divided surfaces abut against the adjacent divided surfaces, thereby exhibiting the above-described blade shape. This state will be described below. , is called the closed state.
2(b) rotates together with each rotation shaft A21, which will be described later, so that the respective divided surfaces are separated from the adjacent divided surfaces, and gaps are generated between them. This state is hereinafter referred to as an open state.
In the closed state, the divided surfaces of the blade constituent bodies A11 to A13 are inclined in a top view so as to approach the main axis Z in the rotation direction r. As a result, the blade constituents A11 to A13 are restrained from rotating in the same direction as the rotational direction r in the closed state.

As shown particularly in FIG. 2, the blade supporting portion A2 includes a rotating shaft portion A21 that supports the blade structures A11 to A13 so as to be rotatable about the vertical direction, and is provided at the upper and lower ends of each blade main body A1. and a support plate A22 provided on the support plate A22, and a shaft support portion A23 through which both ends of each rotation shaft portion A21 are inserted.

Each rotating shaft portion A21 is an elongated, substantially cylindrical rod-shaped body that vertically penetrates the interior of the blade constituent bodies A11 to A13.
Further, each rotating shaft portion A21 is provided at a position approximately 1/3 of the total length from the main shaft Z side end portion of each of the blade constituent bodies A11 to A13 when viewed in the vertical direction.

Each support plate A22 is a substantially thin plate-like body arranged so that its surface direction is substantially parallel to the horizontal direction, and the upper support plate A22 is connected to the outer peripheral surface of the fitting portion 11 (bush L). ing.
Further, in the present embodiment, by connecting the support plates A22 of the blade support portions A2, the upper and lower ends of the blade main bodies A1 form substantially disk-shaped bodies having through holes p in the center. formed.
A bush L, which will be described later, is inserted into the through hole p of the substantially disk-shaped body formed in the upper part.

Each shaft support portion A23 is a substantially cylindrical body provided on each of the upper and lower support plates A22 so as to be arranged coaxially with each rotation shaft portion A21.

Moreover, as shown particularly in FIG. 3(c), each shaft support portion A23 is provided with a first protrusion h1 on its upper surface.
Further, a second protrusion h2 is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the upper end portion of each rotating shaft portion A21 protruding from each shaft support portion A23.
By rotating together with each rotating shaft portion A21, each second protrusion h2 comes into contact with the first protrusion h1, and the rotating motion of each rotating shaft portion A21 is suppressed.

Here, the distance in the circumferential direction from the position of each second projection h2 in the closed state to each first projection h1 around each rotating shaft portion A21 in the direction opposite to the rotation direction r is It is configured to gradually increase toward the blade structure A11.
As a result, the maximum rotation angle of each blade structure in the direction opposite to the rotation direction r gradually increases from the blade structure A13 toward the blade structure A11.

The fitting portion 11 is a substantially cylindrical body extending in the vertical direction.
The fitting portion 11 is composed of a main portion 11a to which a portion of the blade main body A1 (base end portion A14) excluding the lower end is connected, and bushes L provided at both ends of the main portion 11a.
In addition, the structure of the bush L is later mentioned using FIG.

<Rotating shaft>
The configuration of the rotary shaft S (and the bush L) will be described in detail below with reference to FIG.
4(a) is a perspective view of the rotary shaft S, FIG. 4(b) is a perspective view of the bush L, and FIG. 4(c) is a cross-sectional view taken along line QQ' of FIG. 4(b).

The rotary shaft S is a part that constitutes the support unit 2, and is a substantially cylindrical rod-shaped body that extends in the vertical direction and is arranged coaxially with the main axis Z. As shown in FIG.
Further, the rotating shaft S serves as a rotating shaft of the wind turbine 1, and drives the power generation unit 3 based on its rotation.
Further, the rotating shaft S includes a rotating shaft main body S1 having a guide groove s formed on its outer peripheral surface, and a substantially cylindrical shape provided at the upper end of the rotating shaft main body S1 and having a slightly smaller diameter than the rotating shaft main body S1. and the head S2 of the body.

The guide groove s is a long groove that is fitted with the fitting portion 11 and a sub-fitting portion 33, which will be described later, and is formed over the entire length of the rotary shaft main body S1.
Four guide grooves s are provided on the outer peripheral surface of the rotating shaft main body S1 at intervals of 90 degrees around the main axis Z. As shown in FIG.

The bush L is composed of an outer cylinder L1, an inner cylinder L2, and rolling balls L3 interposed therebetween.
A plurality of rolling balls L3 are arranged in the vertical direction to form rows, and four rows are provided around the main shaft.

By inserting the rotary shaft S into the inner cylinder L2, the guide grooves s and the rolling balls L3 are fitted, and smooth linear motion of the rotary shaft S and torque transmission to the bush L are possible. , a so-called ball spline is constructed.
In addition, longitudinal sectional views showing the bush L in FIG. 3 and the like are schematically illustrated as a simple cylindrical body.

<Upper part and solar module>
The configuration of the upper portion 21 and the solar module 5 will be described in detail below with reference to FIG.
5(a) is a perspective view of the upper part 21 as seen from above, FIG. 5(b) is a perspective view of the upper part 21 as seen from the bottom, and FIG. 5(c) is the RR′ line of FIG. It is a cross-sectional view.
In FIG. 5(c), the solar module 5 and the motor unit M, which will be described later, are not cross-sectional views, but are hatched in order to clarify the boundaries of the configuration.

The upper part 21 is a part that constitutes the support unit 2 that is provided above the wind turbine 1 .
The upper part 21 rotatably supports a substantially cylindrical upper main body 21a, a fixed shaft fitting part 21b to which the upper end of a fixed shaft 23 described later is detachably fitted, and the end of the rotating shaft S. and a rotary shaft bearing 21c (see FIG. 6).

In the lower surface of the upper main body 21a, eight embedding holes m are provided at intervals of 45 degrees around the main axis Z near the outer peripheral edge thereof, and each embedding hole m has a fixed shaft fitting portion. 21b is buried.
A cavity h is partially formed inside the upper body 21a.

As shown in FIG. 5(b), the cavity h has a circular opening at substantially the center of the lower surface of the upper main body 21a. is in communication with the interior of the
A cylindrical bearing 41b, which is a thrust bearing such as a ball bearing and constitutes a switching unit 41 described later, is provided on the periphery of the opening end of the cavity h.
Further, in the cavity h, a motor part M constituting a switching unit 41, which will be described later, is provided so that its motor shaft protrudes toward the opening of the cavity h.
As the motor portion M, an ultrasonic motor is preferably used because of its high torque, small size and light weight.

Here, a conductive cable c extends from the motor portion M, and the conductive cable c is pulled out to the outside via one fixed shaft fitting portion 21b.
A coupler u1 is provided at the tip of the conductive cable c for connection to a wind power generation controller W, which will be described later.

Each fixed shaft fitting portion 21b is a nut-type so-called keyless bushing that has an outer ring and an inner ring and fastens the shaft by the wedge principle.

The rotary shaft bearing 21c is a thrust bearing such as a ball bearing, and is provided inside a cylindrical body k1 of the switching unit main body 41a, which will be described later.

The solar module 5 includes a solar panel 51 forming part of the upper surface of the upper main body 21a, a solar power generation controller 52, and a sub-storage battery 53 connected to the solar panel 51 via the solar power generation controller 52. have.
The photovoltaic power generation controller 52 and the sub-storage battery 53 are provided on the bottom surface of the solar panel 51 and inside the cavity h.

The photovoltaic power generation controller 52 electrically connects the solar panel 51 and the sub-storage battery 53 to each other, and controls the state of photovoltaic power generation.
For example, the photovoltaic power generation controller 52 prevents overcharging of the sub-storage battery 53 and reverse current flow to the solar panel 51 .

The sub-storage battery 53 supplies power to the option device o provided in the upper portion 21 .

Here, the optional device o in this embodiment is an LED lamp provided on the upper surface of the upper portion 21 .
An ON/OFF switch is also provided adjacent to the LED lamp, and by connecting these to the solar power generation controller 52, it is possible to control the lighting state of the LED lamp by the ON/OFF switch. is done.
Note that the optional device o is not limited to an LED lamp, and is not particularly limited as long as it is a device such as a security camera that enhances the convenience of carrying the wind power generator X.

<Switching unit>
The configuration of the switching unit 41 will be described in detail below with reference to FIG.
6(a) is a perspective view of the switching unit body 41a viewed from above, FIG. 6(b) is a perspective view of the switching unit body 41a viewed from the bottom, and FIG. 6(c) is an SS of FIG. 6(a). 6(d) is a cross-sectional view taken along the line SS' in which the upper part 21 and the switching unit 41 are assembled.

The switching unit 41 is a part that configures the air volume adjustment unit 4 .
The switching unit 41 is composed of a switching unit main body 41a, a cylindrical bearing 41b, and a motor portion M, and the configurations of the cylindrical bearing 41b and the motor portion M are as described above.
Below, the configuration of the switching unit main body 41a will be described in detail.

The switching unit main body 41a includes a cylindrical body k1 arranged in the center and having an open bottom, a plurality of arms k2 radially extending from the side surface of the cylindrical body k1, and coaxially arranged with the cylindrical body k1. a toric body k3 to which the tip end of is connected, a fitting projection k4 formed on the toric body k3 and provided on an extension line of each arm k2, and a fitting projection k4 fixed to the inner bottom surface of the cylindrical body k1, and the cylindrical body k1 It is composed of an auxiliary bearing k5 that assists the rotational movement, and a bracket k6 that connects the auxiliary bearing k5 and the rotary shaft bearing 21c.

A shaft hole j through which a motor shaft of the motor portion M is inserted is formed in the cylindrical body k1 at substantially the center of its upper surface.
Eight arms k2 are provided around the main axis Z at intervals of 45 degrees.
The outer peripheral edge of the torus k3 on the extension line of each arm k2 is recessed toward the main axis Z in a substantially semicircular shape.
Each fitting projection k4 is a projection that protrudes from the substantially semicircular recess and has a substantially T shape when viewed from above.
The auxiliary bearing k5 is a thrust bearing such as a needle bearing.
The bracket k6 is a substantially cylindrical block fixed to the lower surface of the auxiliary bearing k5.

By assembling the upper portion 21 and the switching unit 41 via the motor portion M (motor shaft) and the shaft hole j, the state shown in FIG. 6(c) is obtained.
The assembled upper part 21 and the switching unit 41 are hereinafter collectively referred to as an upper structural unit U. As shown in FIG.
In addition, in the present embodiment, the upper part 21 and the switching unit 41 are shown in a disassembleable manner, but the upper structure unit U is preliminarily integrated by, for example, fixing the motor part M and the shaft hole j. It may be configured as

<Resistance bar unit>
The configuration of the resistance bar unit 42 will be described in detail below with reference to FIGS. 7 and 8. FIG.

The resistance bar unit 42 is a part that constitutes the air volume adjustment unit 4 .
The resistance rod unit 42 is composed of a substantially annular resistance rod support portion 42a and a plurality of resistance rods 42b arranged on the outer peripheral edge of the resistance rod support portion 42a.

The resistance bar support portion 42a is arranged coaxially with the main axis Z on a base portion 22 which will be described later.

The resistance bar 42b is a substantially semi-cylindrical body extending in the vertical direction. A fitting groove t for fitting is formed.
Further, eight resistance rods 42b are arranged on the resistance rod supporting portion 42a at intervals of 45 degrees around the main axis Z. As shown in FIG.
Furthermore, each resistance bar 42b is arranged on the resistance bar support portion 42a so that the horizontal line connecting each windshield surface G and the main axis Z is perpendicular to each windshield surface G. As shown in FIG.

Here, the switching unit main body 41a and the resistance bar unit 42 are connected as shown in FIG. to form a substantially frame-like cylindrical body.

<Base part, detection part and power generation unit>
Hereinafter, the configurations of the base portion 22, the detection portion 43, and the power generation unit 3 will be described in detail with reference to FIG.
9(a) is a perspective view of the base portion 22, and FIG. 9(b) is a cross-sectional view taken along line TT' of FIG. 9(a).
In addition, in FIG.9(b), the electric power generation unit 3 (excluding the bush L), the storage battery B, the detection part 43, and the coupler c2 are shown in sectional drawing.

The base portion 22 is a part constituting the support unit 2 provided below the wind turbine 1 .
The base portion 22 includes a substantially cylindrical base portion main body 22a and a fixed shaft fitting portion 22b into which the lower end of a fixed shaft 23 described later is detachably fitted.

Eight burying holes m are provided on the upper surface of the base portion main body 22a near its outer periphery at intervals of 45 degrees around the main axis Z, and each burying hole m has a fixed shaft fitting portion. 22b is buried.
In addition, in the base portion main body 22a, an accommodation space d1 that accommodates the power generation unit 3, the detection unit 43, and the storage battery B, a substantially circular communication hole d2 that communicates the accommodation space d1 with the outside, and an opening of the communication hole d2. A resistance rod unit bearing d3, which is a thrust bearing such as a ball bearing, and a reinforcing rib d4 that reinforces the side wall of the housing space d1 are provided.

An external terminal E that can connect the storage battery B to a desired external device that requires power supply is provided on a side surface forming the housing space d1.
In addition, in order to correspond to various external devices, the external terminal E is preferably composed of, for example, a USB terminal for DC output, an outlet for AC output, a cigar socket, etc. Each terminal is provided with a plurality of outlets. It's okay to be.
In addition to the external terminal E, an LED lamp or the like indicating the state of charge of the storage battery B may be provided on the side surface forming the housing space d1.

Each fixed shaft fitting portion 22b is, like each fixed shaft fitting portion 21b, a nut type so-called keyless bushing.

The detection unit 43 is a so-called rotary encoder that detects the number of rotations of the wind turbine 1 and is a part of the air volume adjustment unit 4 .
The detection unit 43 is provided below the power generation unit main body 31, which will be described later. Detect numbers.

The power generation unit 3 is connected to the power generation unit body 31 housed in the housing space d1 and the upper portion of the base body 22a, thereby forming a stepped flange portion 32 that supports the power generation unit body 31 in midair, a stepped flange It has a sub-fitting portion 33 and a wind power generation controller W that protrude upward from the portion 32 and protrude to the outside through the communication hole d2.

Like a conventional vertical wind power generator, the power generation unit main body 31 is internally provided with a rotor/stator made up of magnets and coils, like a so-called DC motor.
A coreless motor (registered trademark) is preferably used for the power generation unit main body 31 from the viewpoint of weight reduction of the wind power generator X and power generation efficiency.

Each step of the stepped flange portion 32 is formed in a substantially annular shape, and the sub fitting portion 33 communicates with the inside of the power generation unit main body 31 via the stepped flange portion 32 .

The sub-fitting portion 33 is a substantially cylindrical body, and includes a main portion 33a connected to the rotor of the power generation unit main body 31, and a bush L provided at the upper end portion of the main portion 33a.
The sub-fitting portion 33 is a rotating shaft of the rotor of the power generation unit body 31, and the rotation of the rotor accompanying the rotation of the sub-fitting portion 33 causes the power generation unit body 31 to generate power by electromagnetic induction. .
The bush L of the sub fitting portion 33 has the same configuration as the bush L of the fitting portion 11 .

The wind power generation controller W electrically connects the power generation unit main body 31, the storage battery B, the detection unit 43, and the motor unit M to each other, and controls the state of power generation by wind power generation.
For example, the wind power generation controller W prevents overcharging of the storage battery B and reverse current flow to the power generation unit main body 31 .

The wind power generation controller W is electrically connected to the detection unit 43 by being connected to the lower surface of the detection unit 43 .
Further, the wind power generation controller W is electrically connected to the power generation unit main body 31 and the storage battery B via a conductive cable c.
Furthermore, the wind power generation controller W is provided on the side surface forming the housing space d1 and electrically connected to the coupler u2 connectable to the coupler u1 via a conductive cable c.

<Fixed shaft>
The configuration of the fixed shaft 23 will be described in detail below with reference to FIG.
10(a) is a perspective view of the fixed shaft 23, FIG. 10(b) is a cross-sectional view taken along line UU' of FIG. 10(a), and FIG. 10(c) is a perspective view of the fixed shaft 23 having the cable groove g. It is a diagram.

The fixed shafts 23 are parts of the support unit 2 that connect the upper portion 21 and the base portion 22, and eight of them are provided in this embodiment.
The fixed shaft 23 includes a fixed shaft main body 23a extending in the vertical direction, a fitted portion 23b provided at the upper end of the fixed shaft main body 23a and fitted into the fixed shaft fitting portion 21b, and a lower end of the fixed shaft main body 23a. and a fitted portion 23c that is provided and fitted into the fixed shaft fitting portion 22b.

The fixed shaft main body 23 a is a substantially semi-cylindrical body extending in the vertical direction, and the planar portion thereof is formed as a covering surface C arranged along the circumferential direction of the wind turbine 1 .

The fitted portion 23b and the fitted portion 23c are substantially columnar bodies.
In addition, in the windshield state, which will be described later, the fixed shaft 23 and the resistance bar 42b constitute a single substantially columnar body in appearance.

Here, as shown in FIG. 10(c), one of the eight fixed shafts 23 has, on the side facing the coated surface C, over the entire length of the fixed shaft main body 23a and the fitted portion 23b. A formed cable groove g is provided.
A conductive cable c provided with a coupler u1 is fitted in the cable groove g in a state where the wind power generator X is assembled.

<<Assembly>>
11 to 14, a procedure for assembling each unit (each part) described above and assembling the entire wind power generator X will be described.

<Step 1>
First, as shown in FIG. 11, the user assembles the base portion 22 and the fixed shaft 23 by screwing the fitted portion 23c into each fixed shaft fitting portion 22b.
At this time, the user adjusts the direction of the fixed shaft 23 so that the horizontal line connecting each covering surface C and the main axis Z is perpendicular to each covering surface C. As shown in FIG.
11 and 12, illustration of the fixed shaft 23 on the frontmost side is omitted for the sake of visibility of the assembly.

<Step 2>
Next, as shown in FIG. 12, the user inserts the rotating shaft main body S1 into the sub fitting portion 33 to assemble the rotating shaft S and the power generating unit 3. As shown in FIG.
At this time, the guide groove s and the rolling ball L3 are fitted, and the rotating shaft S and the sub-fitting portion 33 can rotate integrally.

<Step 3>
Next, as shown in FIG. 13, the user inserts the rotating shaft S into the resistance bar support portion 42a, thereby mounting the resistance bar support portion 42a on the resistance bar unit bearing d3. 42 and the base portion 22 are assembled.
At this time, the user adjusts the position of each resistance rod 42b so that the covering surface C of each fixed shaft does not cover the windshield surface G of each resistance rod 42b.

<Step 4>
Next, as shown in FIG. 14, the user inserts the fitting portion 11 into the rotation shaft S through the through hole p formed by the lower support plates A22, thereby connecting the wind turbine 1 and the rotation shaft. Assemble S.
At this time, the guide groove s and the rolling ball L3 are fitted, and the rotating shaft S and the fitting portion 11 can rotate integrally.
The order of steps 1 to 4 described above can be changed arbitrarily.

<Step 5>
Next, the user assembles the upper structural unit U (and the solar module 5 ) with the rotating shaft S and the fixed shaft 23 by placing the upper structural unit U (and the solar module 5 ) above the wind turbine 1 .
That is, the user screws each fitted portion 23b into each fixed shaft fitting portion 21b.
At this time, since the rotating shaft S and the rotating shaft bearing 21c are coaxially arranged, as described above, the user can screw the fitted portions 23b into the fixed shaft fitting portions 21b at the same time that the head is pressed. S2 is naturally inserted into the rotary shaft bearing 21c.
Further, the user connects the switching unit main body 41a and the resistance bar unit 42 as shown in FIG. 8 by fitting the fitting projections k4 into the fitting grooves t, and then is rotated so that the entire surface of each windshield surface G faces each covering surface C.
The user fits the fixed shaft 23 provided with the cable groove g into the fixed shaft fitting portion 21b from which the conductive cable c is drawn.

<Step 6>
Finally, the user connects the motor section M to the wind power generation controller W by connecting the coupler u1 and the coupler u2 while fitting the conductive cable c provided with the coupler u1 into the cable groove g. .

By the above procedure, the wind power generator X shown in FIG. 1 is assembled.
Then, when the wind power generator X receives wind, the wind turbine 1 rotates, and along with this, the power generation unit 3 generates power through the rotating shaft S and the like.
Also, the generated electric power is supplied to the storage battery B through the wind power generation controller W.
Thereby, the user can supply power to the external device by connecting the predetermined external device to the external terminal E. FIG.

FIG. 15 is a cross-sectional view of the wind power generator X shown in FIG. 1 taken along line VV'.
As shown in FIG. 15, when the wind power generator X is assembled, cylindrical members (fitting portion 11, sub-fitting portion 33, etc.) through which the rotating shaft S is inserted, annular members (bearings, resistance bar units, etc.) 42 etc.), and the motor shafts of the motor unit M are arranged coaxially with the main axis Z.

<<Operating mode>>
A characteristic operation mode of the wind power generator X will be described below with reference to FIGS. 16 to 18. FIG.
In the following description, the left blade body A1 shown in FIG. 16 is referred to as blade body A1a. , is called.
FIG. 17 is a top view of the switching unit main body 41a, resistance bar 42b and fixed shaft main body 23a in an assembled state.

<Flight feather action>
When the wind turbine 1 is not exposed to the wind, all the blade bodies A1 are closed as shown in FIG. 16(a).
Then, when the windmill 1 receives wind from a predetermined direction, as shown in FIG. 16(b), the blade main body A1a receives the wind on the entire rear side face R2, and rotates the windmill 1 while maintaining the closed state. to generate lift.
On the other hand, the blade main body A1c receives the wind on the front side surface R1 and becomes an open state.

More specifically, when the blade body A1a receives the wind on the rear side surface R2, the blade constituents A11 to A13 rotate in the same direction as the rotation direction r.
At this time, the divided surfaces of the blade constituent bodies A11 to A13 are brought into contact with each other, and the shape of the blade is stably maintained.
As a result, the blade main body A1a is brought into a closed state that blocks passage of the air between the blade constituent bodies A11 to A13.

On the other hand, when the blade main body A1c receives the wind on the front side surface R1, the blade constituents A11 to A13 rotate in the direction opposite to the rotation direction r.
As a result, the blade constituent bodies A11 to A13 are rotated until the divided surfaces thereof are separated from each other and the respective second projections h2 come into contact with the respective first projections h1. It will be in an open state in which the wind passes between ~A13.

Further, as the wind turbine 1 continues to rotate, the blade main body A1b in the closed state gradually receives the wind on the front side surface R1, and gradually switches to the open state.
Further, as the wind turbine 1 continues to rotate, the blade main body A1c in the open state gradually receives the wind on the rear side surface R2, and gradually switches to the closed state.
In addition, as the wind turbine 1 continues to rotate, the blade main body A1d in the closed state gradually receives the wind on the entire rear side surface R2, and instead of the blade main body A1a, the wind turbine 1 is operated while maintaining the closed state. Generate lift to rotate.

In this way, the wind turbine 1 that receives the wind rotates efficiently along the rotation direction r while repeating switching between the open state and the closed state of each blade main body A1 described above.
In FIG. 16, white arrows or dashed arrows virtually indicate the flow of wind.

<Air volume adjustment action>
When the windmill 1 is not exposed to the wind or when the detection unit 43 does not detect an abnormality in the rotation speed, each windshield surface G is in a ventilated state as shown in FIG. 17(a).
On the other hand, when the wind turbine 1 receives a strong wind and an abnormality in the rotation speed is detected by the detection unit 43, each windshield surface G is changed to the windshield state by the air volume adjustment unit 4 as shown in FIG. 17(b). Become.

Specifically, when the detection unit 43 detects an abnormality in the rotation speed, the motor unit M operates via the wind power generation controller W to rotate the switching unit main body 41a in a direction opposite to the rotation direction r.
Then, the resistance bar unit 42 connected to the switching unit main body 41a rotates, and each windshield surface G coated on each coated surface C simultaneously moves around the main axis Z, and the adjacent coated surface C (fixed shaft 23 ) and exposed to the outside.
As a result, each windshield surface G enters the windshield state shown in FIG. 17(b), and the strong wind directed toward the wind turbine 1 is dispersed by colliding with each windshield surface G, and the amount of wind received by the wind turbine 1 is reduced.
Note that the rotation direction of the switching unit main body 41a in the above operation may be the same as the rotation direction r.

Further, when the strong wind weakens and the detection unit 43 detects a decrease in the rotation speed, the motor unit M operates via the wind power generation controller W to rotate the switching unit main body 41a along the rotation direction r.
As a result, the entire surface of the windshield surface G again faces each covering surface C, and each windshield surface G is in the ventilation state shown in FIG. 17(a).

In this manner, the air volume adjustment unit 4 switches between the windshield state and the ventilation state of each windshield surface G based on the strength of the wind (the number of rotations of the windmill 1), so that the windmill 1 can move along the rotation direction r. to rotate efficiently.

Here, the air volume adjustment unit 4 is configured to be able to adjust the distance in the circumferential direction (rotational direction) between each windshield surface G and each covered surface C in the windshield state based on the rotation speed of the windmill 1 .

Specifically, the rotation angle of the switching unit main body 41 a based on the operation of the motor section M is freely adjusted by the wind power generation controller W based on the number of rotations detected by the detection section 43 .
The rotation angle of the switching unit main body 41a shown in FIG. 17(b) is about 20 degrees, but the rotation angle can be set to a small value so that a part of each windshield surface G is exposed to the outside. If an excessive number of rotations is detected, a maximum rotation angle of 22.5 degrees can also be set.
That is, in this embodiment, the air volume adjustment unit 4 freely adjusts the rotation angle of the switching unit main body 41a within the range of 0 degrees to 22.5 degrees based on the number of rotations detected by the detection section 43. be able to.

FIG. 18 is a perspective view of each windshield surface G brought into the windshield state shown in FIG.

According to this embodiment, the wind power generator X can be disassembled into a plurality of units or parts. can be raised.
In addition, the wind power generator X can maintain high rotational efficiency according to the wind force in the installation environment due to the above-described wind face action and air volume adjustment action, and accordingly can maintain high power generation efficiency.

Therefore, the wind power generator X has achieved both portability and practicality by making it possible to reduce the overall size of the wind power generator, making it easy to disassemble and assemble, and maintaining the highest possible power generation efficiency even when the size is reduced. , is extremely useful.
Therefore, the wind power generator X is expected to be in extremely high demand against the backdrop of the recent frequent occurrence of natural disasters and the popularity of outdoor activities.

It should be noted that the shapes, dimensions, etc., of the constituent members shown in the above-described embodiment are merely examples, and can be changed in various ways based on design requirements and the like.

For example, although it has been stated that the wind power generator X can be downsized as described above, it may also be a large-scale building such as a conventional wind power generator installed along the coast. .
Further, the solar module 5 may be configured to supply electric power to the storage battery B together with the power generation unit 3 by being connected to the storage battery B.

X Wind power generator 1 Wind turbine 2 Support unit 3 Power generation unit 4 Air volume adjustment unit 5 Solar module A Wind turbine blade S Rotating shaft R Wind receiving surface G Wind shield surface C Coating surface U Upper component unit W Wind power generation controller B Storage battery E External terminal M Motor unit L Bushing Z Rotation center axis (main shaft)

Claims (7)

A blade main body arranged around a vertical rotation center axis and provided with a wind receiving surface, and a blade support portion supporting the blade main body,
The wind receiving surface includes a front side surface that is convexly curved toward the front side in the direction of travel in the rotation direction when viewed from the vertical direction, and a rear side of the front side surface that is disposed on the back side of the front side surface and is located on the rear side of the direction of travel. a posterior side curved concavely toward the
The blade main body has a plurality of blade constituent bodies formed by dividing the wind receiving surface in the horizontal direction,
The blade supporting portion has a rotating shaft portion that supports each of the blade constituent bodies so as to be rotatable about the vertical direction,
The blade main body receiving the wind on the rear side comes into a closed state in which the passage of the air between the blade forming bodies is blocked by the rotation of each blade structure, and the blade main body receiving the wind on the front side. A blade for a wind turbine, wherein rotation of each of the blade constituents results in an open state in which wind passes between each of the blade constituents. The total horizontal length of each blade structure is configured to gradually increase from the innermost blade structure toward the outermost blade structure, The wind turbine blade according to claim 1. The maximum rotation angle of each blade structure in the direction opposite to the rotation direction gradually increases from the innermost blade structure toward the outermost blade structure. 3. A wind turbine blade according to claim 1 or 2, configured to: Each of the rotating shafts provided in each of the blade structures is provided at a position approximately ⅓ of the overall length from the end of each of the blade structures on the side of the central axis of rotation when viewed in the vertical direction. The wind turbine blade according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein The wind turbine blade according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the blade main body is formed using CFRP. A wind turbine having a central axis of rotation in the vertical direction and provided with a plurality of the wind turbine blades according to any one of claims 1 to 5 around the central axis of rotation. A wind power generator comprising: the wind turbine according to claim 6; a support unit that rotatably supports the wind turbine; and a power generation unit that generates power based on rotation of the wind turbine.

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