JP2023059453A - Interlayer adhesive primer, and basement outer wall preceding waterproof construction method using the same - Google Patents

Abstract

To construct a basement outer wall preceding waterproof structure using an interlayer adhesive primer using a solventless epoxy resin having an epoxy equivalent of a main agent 1.25-2.3 times of an active hydrogen equivalent of a curing agent, and to provide a basement outer wall preceding waterproof construction method using the same.SOLUTION: An interlayer adhesive primer uses an amine curing agent in a main agent of an epoxy resin, and has an epoxy equivalent of the main agent 1.25-2.3 times of an active hydrogen equivalent of a curing agent.SELECTED DRAWING: None

Description

The present invention relates to an interlaminar adhesion primer composed of an epoxy resin in which the epoxy equivalent of the main agent is 1.25 to 2.3 times the active hydrogen equivalent of the curing agent, and an underground outer wall preliminary waterproofing construction method using the same.

Buildings are made of concrete and structures such as steel bars that form the framework, and concrete surfaces that are exposed to various types of weather must be protected from water leaks, rain leaks, and water leakage. , the waterproofing materials are selected according to the required performance, and the waterproofing work is carried out according to the construction method according to the site.

After the concrete is placed on the above-ground outer wall and the roof flat roof of the building, a waterproof layer is applied to the concrete surface, and a finishing layer is applied in consideration of the design, etc. . On the other hand, for underground outer wall waterproofing, especially in urban areas, due to the spatial circumstances of the construction site, in addition to the delayed waterproofing construction, the waterproofing construction is performed first, and then the concrete is poured. post-concrete waterproof construction).

The pre-spray waterproofing method for underground outer walls of structures is a construction method in which after excavating the soil, a sheet is laid on the surface of the installed earth retaining plate, and after waterproofing is applied on it, ready-mixed concrete is poured (post-spray concrete).

Preliminary waterproofing methods for underground outer walls of structures include a method of attaching a butyl rubber or asphalt waterproof sheet to earth retaining walls buried in the ground, and a method of applying a two-component waterproofing material such as epoxy resin to a base nonwoven fabric. method, and attaching a bentonite-based waterproofing material filled with bentonite to the retaining wall, etc.

In the method of attaching butyl rubber or asphalt waterproof sheets to earth retaining walls buried in the ground, it is important to join the waterproof sheets together in order to obtain a highly reliable waterproof effect, but it is complicated. In the case of the shape of the substrate, it is difficult to reliably bond the joint, and there is concern about the waterproof performance. The method of applying a two-component waterproofing material such as epoxy resin to a base non-woven fabric, etc., can form a seamless waterproof layer because the waterproof layer material is applied, and the waterproof layer can be formed to follow the complicated shape of the base. It can be done, but it takes a long time for the waterproofing material to harden, and since the adhesion between the waterproof layer and the post-coated concrete is not chemical but physical adhesive adhesion, there is concern about maintaining the adhesive strength. The method of attaching bentonite-based waterproofing materials filled with bentonite inside mats and panels to earth retaining walls, etc. uses woven fabrics, non-woven fabrics, or craft panels filled with powdered or granular bentonite. After a period of time, the woven or non-woven fabric may become watery.

In addition to the above, as described in Patent Documents 1 to 5, there are examples of new construction methods for preliminarily waterproofing the underground outer walls of structures. In Patent Document 1, a three-dimensional pressure-resistant porous spacer is attached to the wall surface of an underground structure, and after affixing a sheet thereon, the outer surface is covered with an underground structure coating material such as soil, and then waterproofing is performed inside the spacer. Waterproof construction is applied by injecting and filling the material. In Patent Document 2, waterproof construction is performed by spraying HPFRCC (multiple microcracked fiber reinforced cement composite material) on both the excavated earth retaining wall surface and the surface of the impervious sheet. In Patent Document 3, a water-swelling layer having water-swelling properties is provided on both the excavated retaining wall surface and the impermeable sheet. Patent Literatures 4 and 5 describe a rubber composition that is used in concrete joints and has high adhesion to placed concrete.

However, in Patent Literature 1, the step of installing spacers on the wall surface of the underground structure is increased, so the waterproofing construction period is extended. Since Patent Document 2 is a cement composite material, it takes a long time for the cement to dry, which extends the waterproof construction period. In Patent Document 3, a water-swelling agent layer having stickiness and water-swelling property is provided, but adhesion to post-coated concrete is physical adhesion. Patent Literatures 4 and 5 are rubber composite parts used for concrete joints, but adhesion to post-coating concrete is physical adhesive adhesion.

Japanese Patent No. 3312069 Japanese Patent No. 5468980 Japanese Patent No. 4551149 Japanese Patent No. 3732625 JP-A-2006-63343

In view of these problems, the present invention uses an interlaminar adhesion primer made of an epoxy resin in which the epoxy equivalent of the main agent is 1.25 to 2.3 times the active hydrogen equivalent of the curing agent, and an underground outer wall pre-priming waterproof structure. The purpose is to construct and provide a waterproof construction method for underground outer walls using these structures.

The interlayer adhesion primer of the present invention uses a curable resin having an epoxy group, which is a reactive functional group, as a main agent, and a diamine derivative, which is an active hydrogen, as a hardener. 1.25 to 2.3 times.

The underground outer wall pre-priming waterproofing method of the present invention consists of a step of spraying a urethane resin waterproof layer on a waterproof sheet, and an epoxy resin whose epoxy equivalent of the main agent is 1.25 to 2.3 times the active hydrogen equivalent of the curing agent. a step of applying the interlayer adhesion primer to the urethane resin waterproof layer; a step of curing the applied interlayer adhesion primer to form a coating film; It is an underground outer wall pre-priming waterproofing method including the steps of pouring concrete and forming a concrete layer.

Hereinafter, as an example of an embodiment of the present invention, an interlayer adhesion primer and an underground outer wall pre-priming waterproofing method using the primer will be described.
[Definition of description]
A main agent means a curable resin having an epoxy group, which is a reactive functional group. The curing agent contains active hydrogen that reacts with epoxy groups in the main agent, the active hydrogen contains a diamine derivative, and reacts with the main agent to form a cured epoxy resin film. The epoxy equivalent weight of the main agent means the weight of the main agent containing one equivalent of epoxy groups, and the active hydrogen equivalent weight of the curing agent means the weight of the curing agent containing one equivalent of active hydrogen groups.

<Interlayer adhesion primer>
The interlayer adhesion primer contains a curable resin having an epoxy group, which is a reactive functional group, as a main agent and a diamine derivative, which is an active hydrogen, as a curing agent.

The main agent may contain a solvent, but is preferably solvent-free. Moreover, from the viewpoint of viscosity, the curable resin having an epoxy group, which is a reactive functional group, is preferably an epoxy resin having a bisphenol F structure. Furthermore, from the viewpoint of dimensional stability, adhesiveness, mechanical strength, abrasion resistance, chemical resistance, water resistance and moisture resistance, it is preferable to further add an epoxy resin having a bisphenol A structure. Furthermore, from the viewpoint of heat resistance and chemical resistance, a polyfunctional epoxy resin is used. From the viewpoint of crack resistance, a flexible epoxy resin is used. From the viewpoint of stress resistance, it is preferable to combine a bisphenol A type epoxy resin.

The epoxy resin having a bisphenol F structure in the main agent is not particularly limited, but examples thereof include bisphenol F type epoxy resin, EO-modified bisphenol F type epoxy resin, and PO-modified bisphenol F type epoxy resin.

The epoxy resin having a bisphenol A structure in the main agent is not particularly limited, but examples thereof include bisphenol A type epoxy resin, EO-modified bisphenol A type epoxy resin, and PO-modified bisphenol A type epoxy resin.

If the viscosity of the main agent is too low, the coating layer may be too thin when the interlayer adhesion primer is applied. strength may decrease. On the other hand, if the viscosity is too high, when the interlayer adhesion primer is applied to the base layer, the workability is poor, and there is concern about a decrease in workability. Therefore, the viscosity of the main agent (No. 3 rotor, 20 rpm) is preferably 3000 to 25000 mPa·s at 23°C, more preferably 4000 to 24000 mPa·s at 23°C, still more preferably 4000 to 24000 mPa·s at 23°C. It is preferably 5000 to 23000 mPa·s.

The curing agent contains a diamine derivative as an active hydrogen, the diamine derivative has a primary amino group, a secondary amino group and a tertiary amino group, and the primary amino group and the secondary amino group are these It becomes an active hydrogen derived from an amino group. The diamine derivative, which is an active hydrogen in the curing agent, reacts with the epoxy groups contained in the curing resin in the main agent at room temperature to polymerize, thereby forming an interlayer adhesion primer layer.

The active hydrogen in the curing agent is not particularly limited, but examples include diethyltoluenediamine, (2,4-diethyltoluenediamine, 2,6-diethyltoluenediamine), phenylenediamine, xylylenediamine, 2,4-toluenediamine, Amines, 2,6-tolylenediamine, MOCA polyamines (MOCA and modified MOCA), polyalkylene ether polyol-p-aminobenzoate, polytetramethylene glycol aminobenzoate, 1,3,5-triisopropyl-2,4- Diaminobenzene, 1-methyl-3,5-diisopropyl-2,4-diaminobenzene, 1-methyl-3,5-diisopropyl-2,6-diaminobenzene, 1-ethyl-3,5-diisopropyl-2,4 -diaminobenzene, 1-ethyl-3,5-diisopropyl-2,6-diaminobenzene, methylenebis(methylthio)benzenediamine, N,N'-disecondarybutyl-p-phenylenediamine, 4,4'-bis (sec-butylamine)diphenylmethane, 3,3', 5,5'-tetramethyl-4, 4'-diaminodiphenylmethane, 3,3', 5,5'-tetraethyl-4, 4'-diaminodiphenylmethane, 3, 3'-dimethyl-5,5'-diethyl-4,4'-diaminodiphenylmethane, 3,3', 5,5'-tetraisopropyl-4,4'-diaminodiphenylmethane, 3,3'-dimethyl-5, 5'-diisopropyl-4,4'-diaminodiphenylmethane, 3,3' -dimethyl-5,5' -diisobutyl-4,4'-diaminodiphenylmethane, 3,3' -diethyl-5,5'-diisopropyl- aromatic polyamines such as 4,4'-diaminodiphenylmethane, 3,3'-diethyl-5,5'-diisobutyl-4,4'-diaminodiphenylmethane; (cyclohexylamine), isophoronediamine, norbornenediamine, alicyclic polyamines such as N,N'-(dicyclohexylmethane 4,4'-diyl)-bisaspartic acid tetraethyl ester, ethylenediamine, trimethylenediamine, triethylenetetramine, Diethylenetriamine, triaminopropane, 2,2,4-trimethylhexamethylenediamine, 2-hydroxyethylethylenediamine, N,N'-(2-methylpentane-1,5-diyl)-bisaspartic acid tetraethyl ester , polyoxyalkyleneamines, and polyetheramines. These cross-linking agents may be used singly or in combination of two or more. In particular, modified aliphatic polyamines are preferred from the viewpoint of reaction time.

The interlayer adhesion primer can be used by mixing and stirring the main agent and the curing agent. The weight mixing ratio of the main agent and the curing agent is not particularly limited. 0.30 to 2.2 times, more preferably 1.35 to 2.1 times. In the underground outer wall pre-priming method of the present invention, the interlayer adhesion primer of the present invention is applied to the urethane resin waterproof layer. In general, urethane resins and epoxy resins are not chemically bonded but physically bonded. In addition, the amino group added as a cross-linking agent, which did not participate in the urea reaction with isocyanate, may chemically bond with the epoxy group of the epoxy resin main ingredient, so the adhesion of both resins is good. Are known. In addition, it is generally recognized that the adhesion between layers when epoxy resin is applied to dried and solidified concrete is very high, and it is used in many civil engineering fields. However, the interlaminar adhesion between the cured urethane resin and post-cast concrete (concrete coated with ready-mixed concrete and dried and solidified) is low. In addition, the interlaminar adhesion between the cured epoxy resin and post-cast concrete (concrete that has been coated with ready-mixed concrete and dried and solidified) is also low. In order to bond between layers of hardened urethane resin and post-cast concrete (concrete that has been coated with ready-mixed concrete and dried and solidified), as in the underground exterior wall advance construction method, interlayer bonding that has good adhesion between both materials is required. A primer is required. The interlayer adhesion primer of the present invention is a primer that adheres between layers of cured urethane resin and post-cast concrete (concrete obtained by drying and solidifying ready-mixed concrete). The epoxy resin of the present invention is applied to the hardened urethane resin waterproof layer and dried, and post-cast concrete is placed thereon. Since the post-cast concrete is cast on the surface of the urethane resin coated with the interlayer adhesion primer of the present invention, the cured epoxy resin film of the present invention is exposed to the strong alkaline conditions of ready-mixed concrete. Since the interlayer adhesion primer of the present invention is a cured epoxy resin film in which the epoxy equivalent in the main agent is 1.25 to 2.3 times the active hydrogen equivalent in the curing agent, active hydrogen Many epoxy groups that have not reacted with remain. When ready-mixed concrete is placed on the surface of the hardened epoxy resin, the epoxy resin surface is subjected to strong alkaline conditions, and the epoxy groups are ring-opened to form a diol. This diol builds a cross-linked structure with the metal components in the concrete, and chemical adhesion other than physical adhesion occurs between the epoxy resin and concrete layers, and the required adhesiveness is obtained. In addition, the epoxy groups remaining in the epoxy resin cured film, which is the interlaminar adhesion primer layer, may react with water in the air like a urethane resin primer when left for a long period of time. Since it is stable even if it is left for a long period of time, the adhesiveness with post-cast concrete (concrete in which fresh concrete has dried and solidified) is maintained even one day or one month after the application of the interlayer adhesion primer layer. The diol reaction proceeds only when ready-mixed concrete is placed on the surface of the cured film and the surface of the cured film is placed under alkaline conditions, and interlayer adhesion is obtained.

An additive may be added to the interlayer adhesion primer as long as the effect of the present invention is not impaired. Additives include, for example, diluent solvents, inorganic fillers, organic fillers, and the like. Examples of the diluting solvent include epoxy thinner and the like. Examples of inorganic fillers include sodium carbonate. Examples of organic fillers include Chemivest.

<Preliminary waterproof structure for underground outer wall using interlayer adhesion primer>
The inter-layer adhesion construction structure using an inter-layer adhesion primer, which is an epoxy resin cured film having unreacted epoxy groups, is a base waterproof layer (layer 1) in which a sheet is installed on the earth retaining board and a super-fast urethane resin layer is sprayed on it. , a coating film layer (layer 2) made of a cured product of the interlayer adhesion primer, and a concrete layer (layer 3) formed by pouring ready-mixed concrete on the surface of the coating film layer and drying and curing, are laminated in this order. Waterproof structure.

(Layer 1: base waterproof layer)
As a base waterproof layer, there is a waterproof layer in which a sheet is installed on the earth retaining board and a super fast-curing urethane resin is sprayed on it. Ultra fast curing urethane resin is, for example, HC Spray FII (manufactured by Hodogaya Kenzai Co., Ltd.) compatible with JISA6021 high-strength urethane resin, HC Spray compatible with JISA6021 high elongation urethane resin and JISA6021 high-strength urethane resin. PII (manufactured by Hodogaya Kenzai Co., Ltd.), HC Spray AU (manufactured by Hodogaya Kenzai Co., Ltd.), etc., preferably HC Spray FII (manufactured by Hodogaya Kenzai Co., Ltd.) compatible with JISA6021 high-strength urethane resin. , HC Spray PII (manufactured by Hodogaya Kenzai Co., Ltd.) compatible with JISA6021 high elongation type urethane resin and JISA6021 high strength type urethane resin, more preferably, HC Spray FII (Hardware) compatible with JISA6021 high strength type urethane resin manufactured by Tsuchiya Kenzai Co., Ltd.). If it is a hand-coated urethane rubber-based waterproofing material, for example, HC Park (manufactured by Hodogaya Kenzai Co., Ltd.) or HC Serdy (manufactured by Hodogaya Kenzai Co., Ltd.), HC Ecoproof that conforms to JISA6021 high elongation type urethane resin (manufactured by Hodogaya Kenzai Co., Ltd.), Millionate C (manufactured by Hodogaya Kenzai Co., Ltd.), JISA 6021 high elongation type and high strength type urethane resin compatible with both (Hodogaya Kenzai Co., Ltd.), etc. .

(Layer 2: interlayer adhesion primer layer)
The interlayer adhesion primer layer of the present invention is an interlayer adhesion primer comprising an epoxy resin in which the epoxy equivalent of the main agent is 1.25 to 2.3 times the active hydrogen equivalent of the curing agent.

(Layer 3: concrete layer)
The concrete layer (Layer 3) may be, for example, ready-mixed concrete normally used in building reinforced concrete.

<Preliminary waterproofing construction method for underground outer wall>
The underground outer wall pre-prepared waterproofing construction method of the present invention is, for example, a waterproofing construction process in which a sheet is installed on the earth retaining board after excavation and an ultra-fast curing urethane resin is sprayed to obtain a waterproof layer, and the epoxy equivalent of the main agent is the active hydrogen of the curing agent Interlayer adhesion primer preparation step of mixing a main agent consisting of an epoxy resin that is 1.25 to 2.3 times the equivalent weight and a curing agent whose active hydrogen is a diamine derivative to prepare an interlayer adhesion waterproof construction primer. A coating step of applying the interlayer adhesion waterproof construction primer to the surface of the urethane resin waterproof layer, a coating film forming step of curing the applied interlayer adhesion waterproof construction primer to form a coating film layer, and the coating film layer before There is a concrete molding process in which a formwork is made to pour ready-mixed concrete into the mold, the ready-mixed concrete is poured into it, and the concrete is hardened and molded.

(Waterproof construction process)
After excavating the underground space with heavy machinery or the like and installing the earth retaining board, it is preferable to install a sheet on the earth retaining board in order to enable seamless waterproof construction. Further, it is preferable that the joint portion of the sheet is laminated with a joint tape or the like after being overlapped by 10 to 20 cm to facilitate waterproof construction. For waterproof construction, a super fast-curing urethane resin spray is used to instantly create a waterproof layer. At that time, if there are water droplets on the base sheet, when the urethane resin is sprayed, the isocyanate in the urethane resin reacts with the water, causing foaming and swelling in the waterproof layer. water droplets are preferably removed.

(Interlayer adhesion primer preparation step)
The step of preparing an interlayer adhesion primer includes a main agent composed of an epoxy resin whose epoxy equivalent is 1.25 to 2.3 times the active hydrogen equivalent of the curing agent, and a curing agent whose active hydrogen is a diamine derivative. Mix and do. The primer preparation step is preferably carried out at the construction site immediately before application.

(Coating process)
In the coating step, the interlayer adhesion primer prepared in the interlayer adhesion primer preparation step is preferably applied to the base waterproof layer (layer 1) using, for example, a roller, brush, comb trowel, rubber spatula, spray coating, etc. Roller or spray coating is more preferable. The coating amount should be uniformly applied to the base waterproof layer (layer 1), and the film thickness should be 0.1 to 0.5 kg/m ² , more preferably 0.15 to 0.4 kg. /m ² , more preferably 0.2 to 0.3 kg/m ² . When the interlayer adhesion primer application amount is 0.1 kg/m ² or less ^, it is difficult to obtain the desired interlayer adhesion effect. As a result, the interlayer adhesion primer cannot follow and may crack.

(Coating film forming process)
The curing step of the interlayer adhesion primer is performed at 23° C., for example, preferably within 0.2 to 24 hours, more preferably 0.5 to 20 hours, still more preferably 1.0 to 15 hours. is good. If the drying time is less than 0.2 hours, it is not possible to secure the curing time until the coating film is formed. If the drying time is 24 hours or more, it will take too much time before the next topcoat layer process can be carried out, causing workability problems, and while waiting for curing, the epoxy resin may flow due to rainfall, etc. is not preferred because of

(Concrete molding process)
In the concrete layer forming step, it is preferable to pour the fresh concrete into the formwork using a dedicated heavy machine after preparing the fresh concrete. It is preferable to secure the specified time for drying the ready-mixed concrete.

<Application>
By using the inter-layer adhesion primer, which is a solvent-free epoxy resin, you can proceed to the next process without worrying about the organic solvent odor in the underground space or the volatilization of moisture. Therefore, waterproofing of the underground outer wall can be safely carried out in an underground space and under an environment where subsequent waterproofing construction is difficult.

Examples of the present invention will be described below, but the scope of the present invention is not limited by the following examples.

<Example 1 and Comparative Example 1>
[Interlayer adhesion performance test]
The adhesion performance test of the interlayer adhesion primer between the ultra-quick curing urethane resin layer and the concrete layer of the present invention was carried out as follows.
0.15 to 0.20 kg/m ² of CB30III cement (manufactured by Hodogaya Kenzai Co., Ltd.), which is a primer for concrete substrate, was applied to the pavement board whose surface had been polished. One day after application, confirm that the primer layer is cured, and use a spray machine (manufactured by Graco Co., Ltd.) to apply HC Spray FII (manufactured by Hodogaya Kenzai Co., Ltd.), which is an ultra-fast curing urethane resin, as a primer for the base. 3.0 kg/m ² (film thickness: 3 mm) was sprayed on top to form a base waterproof layer. One day after the spraying, the main agent and curing agent were weighed and mixed and stirred so that the epoxy equivalent in the main agent was a multiple of the active hydrogen equivalent in the curing agent as shown in Tables 1 and 2. A mixture of solvent-free bisphenol F type epoxy resin and bisphenol A type epoxy resin (epoxy equivalent: 202), which is the interlayer adhesion primer of the present invention, and the curing agent is modified aliphatic polyamine (active hydrogen equivalent: 61 ) was applied to the base waterproof layer at 0.10 to 0.50 kg/m ² . The interlayer adhesion primer of the present invention was allowed to stand for one day after application, and after confirming that it was a cured film, ready-mixed concrete was poured into the primer. As ready-mixed concrete, 73 cement (Portland cement, water, silica sand) was prepared and then poured onto the interlaminar adhesion primer cured film. After curing for one month, the formwork was removed and the interlaminar adhesive strength between the ultra-rapidly curing urethane resin and concrete was measured using an adhesion tester.

According to the waterproof inspection standard for open-cut tunnels by Tokyo Metro Co., Ltd., the interlayer adhesion test result requires a tensile adhesive strength of 0.6 N / mm ² or more between the waterproof material and the post-cast concrete. If there is adhesion strength, the interlayer adhesion performance is considered to be sufficient, and ◯ is given. On the other hand, when it was less than that, it was judged that the required adhesive strength was not satisfied, and was rated as x.

<Example 2 and Comparative Example 2>
[Interval test after application of interlayer adhesion primer]
Depending on the construction situation, wet concrete may be poured in one month after the interlayer adhesion primer is applied. Therefore, 1 day, 15 days, and 30 days after the application of the interlaminar adhesion primer, ready-mixed concrete was poured and an interlaminar adhesion strength test was carried out. The method for preparing the base waterproof layer was the same as in Example 1. Interlayer adhesion primers were tested using Run No. 4 and Comparative Example 1 and the results are shown in Table 3.

As shown in Examples and Comparative Examples, it is clear that the solvent-free epoxy resin interlayer adhesion primer of the present invention has high interlayer adhesion performance between the ultra-quick-curing urethane resin and concrete obtained by drying and curing fresh concrete. It is also clear that the interlaminar adhesion strength does not decrease even after the interlaminar adhesion primer has been applied and left for a long period of time.

Claims (4)

An interlayer adhesion primer using an amine curing agent as the main epoxy resin and having an epoxy equivalent of 1.25 to 2.3 times the active hydrogen equivalent of the curing agent. An amine curing agent is used as a main agent in which an epoxy resin having a bisphenol F structure and an epoxy resin having a bisphenol A structure are mixed, and the epoxy equivalent of the main agent is 1.25 to 2.3 times the active hydrogen equivalent of the curing agent. Interlayer adhesion primer. An interlaminar adhesion primer wherein the amine curing agent of claims 1-2 comprises a modified aliphatic polyamine. A step of spraying a urethane resin waterproof layer on the waterproof sheet,
A step of preparing the interlayer adhesion primer according to any one of claims 1 to 3;
A step of applying the interlayer adhesion primer to the urethane resin waterproof layer;
a step of curing the applied bleed interlayer adhesion primer to form a coating film;
and a step of pouring ready-mixed concrete onto the surface of the coating layer to form a dried and hardened concrete layer.