JP2023057538A - Surveying target - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a surveying target that enables a state of fulfilling a collimation light flux of autocollimation of a surveying instrument and enables continuous capturing of a measuring object.SOLUTION: The surveying target is provided on a measuring object for reflecting light incident by an autocollimation function of a surveying instrument in an incident direction. The surveying target includes a mounting surface that is formed as a square flat plate and is mounted on one side to face the measuring object, and an irradiation surface that is mounted on the other side and is irradiated with the light. The mounting surface is planar. When an x-axis and a y-axis forming the mounting surface along sides orthogonal to each other and a z-axis orthogonal to the x-axis and the y-axis are set, the irradiation surface includes an inclined plane portion whose normal is inclined with respect to the z-axis. The inclined plane portion has retroreflective properties.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

The present invention relates to a surveying target, and more particularly to a surveying target suitable for automatic collimation of a surveying instrument.

In geodetic surveying, civil engineering surveying, and architectural surveying, a target (target) such as a highly reflective sheet or triangular prism is placed at the target position of the object to be measured. It is done by automatically capturing the emitted light. The intensity of the reflected light depends on the angle between the line of sight to the target and the reflecting surface of the reflecting sheet or the prism surface. For example, the automatic collimation angle is limited to about ±20° for a reflective sheet and about ±20° for a triangular prism. For this reason, in recent years, a target device has been developed that is mainly composed of a triangular prism capable of automatic collimation in all directions and at an angle of 360°, as disclosed in Patent Document 1.

JP 2020-98175 A

However, a target device based on a triangular prism capable of automatic collimation is very expensive, has a structure that is easily damaged, and requires careful handling. In addition, since the reflecting sheet and the triangular prism limit the range in which automatic collimation is possible as described above, it is necessary to change the position of the surveying instrument each time in order to make use of the automatic collimation function. Each time the position of the surveying instrument is changed, operations such as transporting, assembling, and leveling the surveying instrument are required, which hinders continuous acquisition of the object to be measured.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to solve the above problems, it is an object of the present invention to provide a surveying target capable of satisfying the collimation luminous flux of the automatic collimation of the surveying instrument and continuously capturing the object to be measured. and

As a configuration of a surveying target for solving the above problems, a surveying target that is provided on a surveying object and reflects incident light in the direction of incidence from the automatic collimation function of the surveying instrument, is a surveying target that has a rectangular flat plate shape. and is provided with a mounting surface mounted facing the survey object on one side and an irradiation surface irradiated with the light on the other side, the mounting surface being planar, and the irradiation surface is formed, and when the x-axis and y-axis and the z-axis orthogonal to the x-axis and y-axis are set on one orthogonal side, the normal line is inclined with respect to the z-axis. The inclined plane portion was configured to have retroreflectivity.
According to this configuration, by attaching the inclined flat portion to the object to be measured facing the surveying instrument, it is possible to reduce the change in the position of the surveying instrument and to continuously capture the object to be measured.
In addition, the irradiation surface is divided into the same number of sections along the x-axis and the y-axis, and each section has an inclined plane portion, so that a single target can be installed in a wide range of directional angles and elevation angles. It is possible. As a result, the range that can be captured by the automatic collimation of the surveying instrument is expanded, and continuous surveying by the automatic collimation can be made possible.
In addition, since the irradiation surface has a plurality of inclined plane portions in which normals inclined with respect to the z-axis are inclined in mutually different directions, it is possible to cope with a plurality of directional angles and elevation angles.
In addition, since the center of the inclined plane portion provided in each section is formed so as to be positioned on one plane, the uneven state of the irradiation surface portion can be averaged, and surveying from one point can be performed. , the azimuth angle range and elevation angle range in which targets can be set can be widened, and continuous surveying can be performed at many surveying positions.
Further, among the plurality of inclined plane portions, the inclined plane portions whose normals are inclined in the same direction are point symmetrical about the center of the irradiation surface, or a straight line parallel to the x-axis passing through the center of the irradiation surface, or a y Since the straight line parallel to the axis is provided in the section as a line of symmetry, the survey point can be specified with high accuracy.
In addition, since the mounting surface and the inclined flat portion are integrally made of resin, and the inclined flat portion is formed by attaching a retroreflective sheet, it is possible to reduce the cost and weight.
In addition, the installation work of the surveying target can be facilitated by providing the mounting surface with fixing means for fixing to the object to be measured.
Further, the irradiation surface may be configured by attaching a plate-like reflecting material having retroreflectivity to the inclined plane portion.

It is a schematic diagram showing a state of surveying. It is a perspective view showing an example of the target concerning this embodiment. It is a top view in the case of surveying three measurement objects. FIG. 4 is a diagram showing surveying when an elevation angle occurs at a measurement position in the measurement object shown in FIG. 3 ; It is a figure showing other embodiments of the target concerning this embodiment. FIG. 5 is a perspective view of the three measurement objects shown in FIG. 4 when surveying three points in the vertical direction, that is, a total of nine points. FIG. 10 illustrates another embodiment of a target; FIG. 10 illustrates another embodiment of a target; FIG. 10 illustrates another embodiment of a target; FIG. 10 is a diagram showing another form of reflector; It is a figure which shows the effect|action of a reflector. FIG. 10 illustrates another embodiment of a target;

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail through embodiments of the invention, but the following embodiments do not limit the invention according to the claims, and all combinations of features described in the embodiments are It includes configurations that are not necessarily essential to the solution and are selectively adopted.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the state of surveying. 1 is a surveying target (hereinafter simply referred to as target), 2 is a conventional reflection sheet, 4 is a surveying instrument (hereinafter referred to as surveying instrument), and 6 is an object to be measured. In the following description, the surveying instrument 4 will be described as having an automatic collimation function.
The target 1 is attached to a pillar or a structure such as a steel frame, which is the measurement object 6 , and is provided so as to be detectable by the automatic collimation function of the surveying instrument 4 .

FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing an example of the target 1 according to this embodiment. As shown in FIG. 2, the target 1 is formed in a square plate shape in a plan view, and can be composed of a substrate 8 and a reflector 14, for example. The substrate 8 is made of, for example, a resin material, a polyethylene material, or the like, and can be formed using, for example, a 3D printer or the like. As a result, the target 1 can be manufactured at low cost and light weight. The substrate 8 is provided with a mounting portion 10 for mounting to the measurement object 6 and an irradiation surface portion 12 onto which the light from the surveying instrument 4 is irradiated.

The attachment part 10 is formed in a planar shape, for example, and can be attached to the measurement object 6 via fixing means such as double-sided tape, a magnet, or an adhesive. When a double-sided tape or a magnet is used as the fixing means, the installation work of the target 1 can be facilitated by providing the target 1 with the double-sided tape or the magnet in the mounting portion 10 in advance.

As shown in FIG. 2, when the plane of the mounting portion 10 is used as a reference plane, the irradiation surface portion 12 is configured as an inclined plane 13 in which the normal N2 is inclined with respect to the normal N1 of this reference plane. The inclined plane 13 is obtained when the coordinate axes, the x-axis and y-axis, and the z-axis (normal line N1 of the reference plane) orthogonal to the x-axis and y-axis are set on one orthogonal side of the square that forms the mounting portion 10. , the normal N2 is formed to rotate only about the y-axis. That is, the irradiation surface portion 12 is configured to be inclined in one direction with respect to the x-axis or the y-axis set on the mounting portion 10 .

A reflector 14 is provided on the inclined plane 13 . The reflector 14 has a retroreflective structure and is configured to reflect incident light in the direction of incidence. That is, the reflector 14 is configured to reflect the light received from the light source as it is. The reflector 14 is attached with, for example, a sheet-shaped reflecting material that is used in conventional surveying. The reflector 14 has the normal N2 direction of the inclined plane as the main reflection direction, and allows retroreflection for incident angles within a predetermined range.
In the following description, the inclined plane 13 is integrated with the reflector 14 to form an inclined plane portion, and this portion is simply referred to as the inclined plane 13 and the like.

FIG. 3 is a plan view of three measurement objects 6A to 6C as an example of surveying. In the surveying described here, it is assumed that only the directional angle is used. Assume that the target 1 is attached within a possible range.

In FIG. 3, the object 6A to be measured is positioned directly opposite the surveying instrument 4, the object 6B to be measured is to the left of the surveying instrument 4, and the object 6C to be measured is to the right of the surveying instrument 4. , is located in a range where automatic collimation is not possible with a reflective sheet or triangular prism.

In such a case, a conventional reflecting sheet or triangular prism can be used as the measuring object 6A. On the other hand, conventional reflecting sheets and triangular prisms cannot be used for the measuring objects 6B; 6C. Therefore, by attaching the target 1 configured as shown in FIG. .

The target 1 is attached to the measurement object 6B; 6C so that the x-axis or y-axis set on the attachment portion 10 is horizontal or vertical. Then, the target 1 is attached to the measuring object 6B located on the left side as seen from the surveying instrument 4 so that the inclined plane 13 faces the surveying instrument 4, and the inclined plane 13 is attached to the measuring object 6C located on the right side. should be installed so that the At this time, the angle at which the inclined plane 13 is inclined with respect to the mounting portion 10 of the target 1 (the angle at which the normal N2 of the irradiation surface portion 12 is inclined with respect to the normal N1 of the mounting portion 10) is determined by the automatic collimation function of the surveying instrument 4. is set so that the light emitted from the surveying instrument 4 is included in the range in which the irradiation surface section 12 reflects the light flux capable of automatic collimation.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing surveying when an elevation angle occurs at the measurement position on the object 6A to be measured shown in FIG.
The target 1 shown in FIG. 2 can also be applied when the position to be measured is set beyond the automatic collimation range in the vertical (elevation/depression) direction. In this case, as shown in FIG. 4, in the measurement object 6A directly facing the surveying instrument 4, when the measurement position is upward, the inclined plane 13 is attached to the measurement object 6A so that the measurement position is downward. In the case of the lower side, it may be attached to the measuring object 6A so that the inclined plane 13 faces upward.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing another embodiment of the target 1. FIG.
In FIG. 2 , the entire irradiation surface portion 12 is configured as an inclined plane 13 inclined in one direction, and the inclined plane 13 is provided with the sheet-like reflector 14 , but the present invention is not limited to this. For example, as shown in FIG. 5, the target 1 may be configured as an inclined plane 13 in which the irradiation surface portion 12 is inclined in two directions. Tilting in two directions means that in surveying, in addition to the angle of elevation (up and down), it is also possible to deal with the angle of direction (left and right, or simply left and right, etc.). The target 1 is installed such that the x-axis or y-axis is in the vertical direction or the horizontal direction.

As shown in FIG. 5A, the irradiation surface portion 12 is an inclined plane in which, for example, when the plane of the mounting portion 10 is used as a reference plane, the normal N3 is inclined in two directions with respect to the normal N1 of this reference plane. 20. Specifically, the inclined plane 20 may be formed so that the normal N3 is rotated by a predetermined angle around the x-axis and the y-axis with respect to the normal N1 of the mounting portion 10 and intersects the reference plane.

Further, as shown in FIG. 5(b), the inclined plane 22 is rotated in the direction opposite to the direction of rotation of the normal N3 shown in FIG. 5(a) about the y-axis. may be formed.

FIG. 6 is a perspective view of the three measurement objects 6A to 6C shown in FIG. 3, each of which is measured at three points in the vertical direction, that is, a total of nine points. In the following description, in order to distinguish the targets 1 shown in FIGS. 2 and 5(a) and (b), the target 1 shown in FIG. are designated as 1-2, and the target 1 shown in FIG. 5(b) is designated as 1-3.

In this case, first, a conventional reflecting sheet is attached to the measurement position at the center of the measurement object 6A in the vertical direction facing the surveying instrument 4. As shown in FIG.
Furthermore, the target 1-1 is positioned at the upper and lower measurement positions of the measurement object 6A facing the surveying instrument 4, and at the vertical center measurement position of the measurement object 6B located on the left side as viewed from the surveying instrument 4. , the measurement object 6</b>C located on the right side as viewed from the surveying instrument 4 is attached to the measurement position in the center in the vertical direction so that the irradiation surface section 12 faces the surveying instrument 4 .
In addition, the target 1-2 is positioned above the measurement object 6B located on the left side when viewed from the surveying instrument 4, and at the measurement position below the measurement object 6C located on the right side when viewed from the surveying instrument 4. The irradiation surface part 12 is attached so as to face the surveying instrument 4 .
In addition, the target 1-3 is placed at the measurement position below the measurement object 6B located on the left side when viewed from the surveying instrument 4, and at the measurement position above the measurement object 6C located on the right side when viewed from the surveying instrument 4. The irradiation surface part 12 is attached so as to face the surveying instrument 4 .
At this time, the angle of inclination of the irradiation surface portion 12 with respect to the attachment portion 10 of the targets 1-1, 1-2, and 1-3 is determined by the automatic collimation function of the surveying instrument 4. It suffices that the light is set so as to have an angle within a range in which a light beam capable of being automatically collimated is reflected on the irradiation surface portion 12 .

In this manner, a plurality of targets 1 (1 -1, 1-2, 1-3) enables continuous surveying without moving the position of the surveying instrument 4 .

In the above-described embodiment, the irradiation surface portion 12 of one target 1 is formed by one inclined plane, but the present invention is not limited to this. For example, as described above, a plurality of targets 1 (1-1, 1-2, 1-3) having different tilt angles and directions of the irradiation surface portion 12 with respect to the mounting portion 10 may be combined into one. .

In this case, for example, it is preferable that the irradiation surface portion 12 of one target is divided into the same number at equal intervals in the x-axis direction and the y-axis direction.

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing another embodiment of the target 1. FIG. Specifically, FIG. 7(a) divides the target 1 into two in the x-axis direction and the y-axis direction, and points around the center O of the irradiation surface portion 12 for each of the targets 1-2 and 1-3 shown in FIG. The inclined planes 20 of the target 1-2 shown in FIG. 5(a) are arranged symmetrically on the upper left and lower right, and the inclined planes 22 of the target 1-3 shown in FIG. It is formed and configured. 7(b) is arranged such that each of the targets 1-2 and 1-3 shown in FIG. so that the targets 1-2 and 1-3 shown in FIG. and lower right. 7(c) is arranged such that each of the targets 1-2 and 1-3 shown in FIG. so that the targets 1-2 and 1-3 shown in FIG. and lower right.
As a result, in the surveying shown in FIG. 6, the target 1-2 attached to the measurement position above the measurement object 6B and the target 1-3 attached to the measurement position above the measurement object 6C can be shared. can.
Due to the automatic collimation, the light irradiated onto the target 1 from the lower right side of the paper surface is reflected by the inclined planes 20;20, and the light irradiated from the lower left side of the paper surface is reflected by the inclined planes 22;22. Since the inclined planes 20; 20 are at point-symmetrical positions with respect to the center O, the center of the light (luminous flux) reflected from the inclined planes 20; 20 and incident on the surveying instrument 4 is automatically collimated. By analyzing with the function of , it is possible to determine where the target 1 is measured, that is, the survey point is the center O of the target 1 .
Similarly, for the inclined planes 22; 22, the survey point can be the center O of the target 1 as well.

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing another embodiment of the target 1. FIG.
In the surveying shown in FIG. 6, the target 1-2 attached to the measurement position above the measurement object 6B and the measurement position below the measurement object 6C, and the measurement position and measurement position below the measurement object 6B The target 1-3 attached to the measurement position above the object 6C may be composed of one target 1. FIG. The targets 1-2 attached to the upper measurement position of the measurement object 6B and the lower measurement position of the measurement object 6C are in a relationship of being rotated by 180° around the z-axis. Also, the targets 1-3 attached to the lower measurement position of the measurement object 6B and the upper measurement position of the measurement object 6C are in a relationship of being rotated by 180° around the z-axis.
Therefore, to bring these relationships together, the target 1 is configured to encompass all orientations of the inclined planes of the targets 1-2 and 1-3 attached to the measurement objects 6B and 6C. do it.

In the following description, in order to specify the orientation of the inclined plane, the inclined plane having the same orientation as the inclined plane 20 of the target 1-2 attached to the measurement position above the measurement object 6B is defined as the inclined plane 20A. An inclined plane in the same direction as that of the inclined plane of the target 1-2 attached to the lower measurement position of the object 6C is defined as an inclined plane 20B, and the target 1-3 attached to the lower measurement position of the measurement object 6B. An inclined plane 22A is an inclined plane in the same direction as the inclined plane 22 of , and an inclined plane 22B is an inclined plane in the same direction as the inclined plane of the target 1-3 attached to the measurement position above the measurement object 6C. show.

The target 1 shown in FIG. 8 is obtained by dividing the irradiation surface portion 12 into four sections in the x-axis direction and the y-axis direction at equal intervals. 20A; 22A; 22B and a plane portion 30 having different directions in which the normals are inclined from each other. The plane portion 30 is provided with the reflector 14 similarly to the inclined planes 20A; 20B; 22A; 22B, and functions in the same manner as a conventional reflecting sheet.

The inclined plane 20A is provided in the upper left section and the lower right section on the center O side of the irradiation surface section 12, and the inclined plane 22A is provided in the lower left section and the upper right section on the center O side of the irradiation surface section 12. , the inclined plane 20B is provided in the upper right section and the lower left section outside the irradiation surface section 12, and the inclined plane 22B is provided in the upper left section and the lower right section outside the irradiation surface section 12. Moreover, the plane portion 30 is provided between those sections.

By configuring the target 1 in this way, in the surveying shown in FIG. The target 1-3 attached to the measurement position on the lower side and the measurement position on the upper side of the measurement object 6C can be shared, and by providing the flat portion 30, the target 2 and the target 2 facing the surveying instrument 4 can be used in common. can be shared.

Light irradiated from the lower right side of the paper surface is reflected by the inclined planes 20A; 20A, and light irradiated from the lower left side of the paper surface is reflected by the inclined planes 22A; 22A. Light emitted from the upper left side of the paper surface is reflected by the inclined planes 20B; 20B, and light emitted from the upper right side of the paper surface is reflected by the inclined planes 22B; 22B. Then, the light emitted facing the object is reflected by the plurality of planar portions 30 .

The inclined planes 20A; 20A, the inclined planes 20B; 20B, the inclined planes 22A; 22A, and the inclined planes 22B; Since there is a symmetrical relationship with a straight line parallel to the x-axis or a straight line parallel to the y-axis passing through the center O of the surveying instrument 4, the center of the light incident on the surveying instrument 4 can be analyzed By doing so, it is possible to specify where the survey point is. As a result, accurate surveying can be achieved.

As shown in FIG. 8, when the irradiation surface portion 12 is composed of a plurality of inclined planes and plane portions, the respective inclined planes 20A; 20B; 22A; should be set to target 1 at That is, each inclined plane 20A; It is preferable to provide a flat portion 30 .

20B; 22A; 22B and the plane portion 30 in the target 1, the irregularities in the irradiation surface portion 12 can be averaged, and in surveying from one point, The azimuth angle range and elevation angle range in which the target 1 can be installed can be widened, and continuous surveying can be performed at many surveying positions.

In the above-described embodiment, the irradiation surface portion 12 is divided into two or four sections in the x-axis and y-axis directions, and each section is provided with an inclined plane or a flat surface extending in different normal directions. The number of partitions is not limited to 2 or 4, and may be partitioned by even numbers greater than that or odd numbers equal to or greater than 3.

FIG. 9 is a diagram showing another embodiment of the target 1. FIG.
The target 1 shown in FIG. 9 is obtained by dividing the irradiation surface section 12 into five (odd number) sections at equal intervals in the x-axis direction and the y-axis direction. Each section is configured to have five types of inclined planes 24; 26A; 26B; 28A; The slanted plane 24 has only an inclination angle, the slanted plane 26A has a directional angle and a slanted angle that are directed downward to the right, and the slanted plane 28A has a directional angle and an inclination that are oriented downward to the right that are larger than those of the inclined plane 26A. The inclined plane 26B has a directional angle and an inclination angle set to point downward to the left.

As shown in FIG. 9, the target 1 has an inclined plane 24 formed in the center of the irradiation surface portion 12, and four inclined planes 26A adjacent to the inclined plane 24 in the x-axis direction and the y-axis direction. Four planes 26B are formed on the diagonal of the inclined plane 24 so as to be adjacent to each other. In addition, the inclined planes 28B are formed at the four corners of the target 1 and eight intermediate points along the x-axis or the y-axis direction, and the inclined planes 28A fill the spaces between the inclined planes 28B at eight points on the outer periphery of the target 1. is formed in

The inclined planes 26A; 26B; 28A; 28B are formed symmetrically about the x-axis and the y-axis, respectively.
By arranging the inclined planes 26A; 26B; 28A; 28B in this manner, the positional accuracy of the survey points can be improved. For example, since the inclined planes 26A are formed at four locations adjacent to the inclined planes 24 in the x-axis direction and the y-axis direction, the center O of the irradiation surface portion 12 is the center of the arrangement. Further, since the inclined planes 26B are formed at four locations so as to be adjacent to each other on the diagonal of the inclined plane 24, the center O of the irradiation surface portion 12 is the center of the diagram of the arrangement. In addition, since the inclined planes 28B are formed at the four corners of the target 1 and eight intermediate points along the x-axis or y-axis direction, the center O of the irradiation surface portion 12 is the center O of the arrangement. In addition, since the inclined planes 28A are formed at eight locations on the outer periphery of the target 1 so as to fill the spaces between the inclined planes 28B, the center O of the irradiation surface portion 12 is the center of the arrangement.

By increasing the number of sections of the irradiation surface section 12, the target 1 has a plurality of inclined planes in which the normal lines of the inclined planes that are inclined with respect to the normal line (z-axis) of the mounting section 10 in each section are inclined in different directions. Since the plane portion can be set, the number of types of targets can be reduced, and a single target can be used to widen the directional angle range and elevation angle range. As a result, the range that can be captured by the automatic collimation of the surveying instrument is expanded, and continuous surveying by the automatic collimation can be made possible.

In addition, among the plurality of inclined planes formed in each section, the inclined planes whose normals are inclined in the same direction are point-symmetrical about the center O of the irradiation surface portion 12, or about the x-axis passing through the center O of the irradiation surface portion 12. By providing a parallel straight line or a straight line parallel to the y-axis passing through the center O of the irradiation surface portion 12 as a line of symmetry in the section, the center of the target 1, that is, a survey point can be obtained, so that accurate surveying can be performed. can.

In addition, the angle of inclination of the inclined plane with respect to the mounting portion 10 may be set as appropriate. or y-axis, or by combining x-axis and y-axis.

Further, in the above description, the irradiation surface portion 12, that is, the survey target 1 is assumed to be square, but it may be square such as a rectangle.

Further, when dividing the irradiation surface portion 12 , the dividing lines do not have to coincide with a straight line passing through the irradiation surface portion 12 and parallel to the x-axis or a straight line passing through the irradiation surface portion 12 and parallel to the y-axis.

10A and 10B are diagrams showing another form of the reflector 14. FIG.
In the above embodiment, the reflector 14 is described as a sheet-like reflector having a retroreflective structure, but the reflector is not limited to this. For example, the reflector 14 may be configured in a flat plate shape as shown in FIG. Note that the flat plate shape means, for example, a shape that is thicker than the above-described sheet shape and does not bend due to its own weight like a sheet shape. Also, the structure of the reflector 14 shown in FIG. 10 is merely an example, and is not limited as long as it enables retroreflection. In the following, retroreflection will be described using a flat reflector 14 .

As shown in FIG. 10, the reflector 14 can be composed of a base member 40 and a reflective member 44 .
The base member 40 is formed to have a substrate 40A formed in a flat rectangular shape and a frame 40B rising so as to surround the outer periphery of the substrate 40A.

The reflecting member 44 includes a reflecting portion 44A formed in a rectangular plate shape with one surface being flat and the other surface being an uneven surface forming a retroreflective structure, and one surface so as to surround the outer periphery of the reflecting portion 44A. and a flange portion 44B extending outwardly along the same. The reflecting member 44 is configured to be integrated as the reflector 14 by overlapping and combining with the base member 40 .

FIG. 11 is an enlarged sectional view showing the structure of the reflector 14. As shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 11, the reflecting member 44 has a size that allows the reflecting portion 44 to be accommodated within the frame 40B of the base member 40, and the flange portion 44B comes into contact with the frame 40B to form irregularities in the reflecting member 44. As shown in FIG. An air layer 42 is formed between the surface and the substrate 40</b>A of the base member 40 . In addition, the air layer 42 should just be comprised as a layer with a small refractive index.

The retroreflective structure that constitutes the reflective portion 44A is formed as a so-called prism structure, and is formed by closely arranging triangular pyramids whose side surfaces intersect each other at right angles so that their bottom surfaces are laid out on a single plane without gaps. be.

Each of the arranged triangular pyramids functions as a prism, and the light (incident light) that enters from the bottom side can be reflected (retroreflection) toward the light source by sequentially reflecting it on the inner surfaces of the three sides. It is said that The inner surface of the side surface of the triangular pyramid functions as the retroreflective surface 44a. Hereinafter, the triangular pyramid will be referred to as a prism.

In the reflecting material having the prism structure as shown in FIG. 11, as the size of the prism increases, the deviation .delta. On the other hand, as the size of the prism increases, the amount of reflected light increases, and as the size of the prism decreases, the amount of reflected light decreases.
Therefore, for the reflecting member 44, the size of the prism forming the reflecting portion 44A may be appropriately set according to the accuracy required for surveying and the amount of reflected light.

It should be noted that the magnitude of the amount of reflected light described here is for the retroreflective structure having the structure shown in FIG. .
The retroreflective structure of the reflector 14 is not particularly limited, but examples thereof include a triangular pyramid prism structure as shown in FIG. 11 and a glass bead structure.

The reflector 14 is selected, for example, from reflectors having a retroreflective structure manufactured for guardrails, bicycle pedals, etc., according to the accuracy of surveying. By attaching the base layer 40 side of the body 14, a surveying target as shown in FIG. 12 can be constructed inexpensively and easily.

Note that the reflector 14 is not limited to a triangular pyramid prism structure as long as it retroreflects, and other structures such as a prism structure using other polygonal pyramids or a bead structure may be used. Needless to say. Moreover, the shape of the reflector 14 may be a sheet shape, a flat plate shape, a flexible material, or a hard material.

As described above, the surveying target is provided on the surveying object, and is a surveying target that reflects incident light in the direction of incidence by the automatic collimation function of the surveying instrument, and is formed in a rectangular flat plate shape, A mounting surface mounted facing the survey object on one side and an irradiation surface irradiated with light on the other side, the mounting surface being planar, the irradiation surface forming the mounting surface, When an x-axis and a y-axis and a z-axis orthogonal to the x-axis and the y-axis are set on one side perpendicular to each other, an inclined plane portion having a normal line inclined with respect to the z-axis is provided, and the inclined plane portion is By adopting a configuration with retroreflectivity, by attaching the inclined flat portion to the object to be measured facing the surveying instrument, it is possible to reduce the position change of the surveying instrument and continuously capture the object to be measured. be able to.

1 survey target, 8 substrate, 10 mounting portion (mounting surface),
13; 20; 22 inclined plane (inclined plane portion), 14 reflector.

Claims (8)

A surveying target that is provided on a surveying object and reflects incident light in the direction of incidence from the automatic collimation function of the surveying instrument,
a mounting surface formed in the shape of a rectangular flat plate and mounted on one side facing the object to be surveyed;
An irradiation surface on which the light is irradiated on the other surface side,
The mounting surface is planar,
The irradiation surface is
When the mounting surface is formed, and the x-axis and y-axis are set on one side perpendicular to each other, and the z-axis perpendicular to the x-axis and y-axis is set,
comprising an inclined flat portion whose normal is inclined with respect to the z-axis,
A target for surveying, wherein the inclined plane portion has retroreflectivity. 2. The survey target according to claim 1, wherein the irradiation surface is divided into the same number along the x-axis and the y-axis, and each division has the inclined plane portion. 3. The survey target according to claim 2, wherein the irradiation surface has a plurality of inclined plane portions in which normals inclined with respect to the z-axis are inclined in different directions. 4. The surveying target according to claim 2, wherein the centers of the inclined plane portions provided in each section are formed so as to be positioned on one plane. Among the plurality of inclined plane portions, the inclined plane portions whose normals are inclined in the same direction are point-symmetrical about the center of the irradiation surface, or a straight line parallel to the x-axis passing through the center of the irradiation surface, or a y 4. The surveying target according to claim 2, wherein the target is provided in the section with a straight line parallel to the axis as a line of symmetry. The mounting surface and the inclined flat portion are integrally formed of a resin material,
4. The surveying target according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a retroreflective sheet is adhered to said inclined plane portion. 4. The surveying target according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein said mounting surface has fixing means for fixing to said measurement object. The surveying target according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the irradiation surface is configured by attaching a plate-shaped retroreflective material to the inclined plane portion.

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