JP2023039870A - combustion furnace - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a combustion furnace capable of increasing a combustion temperature as much as possible without using other heating means by devising the structure of the combustion furnace.SOLUTION: A combustion furnace includes: an outer container 2; an inner container 4 disposed in the outer container and forming a combustion chamber 3; and fire grates 6 partitioning inside of the inner container vertically to form the combustion chamber on the upper side and form a combustion ash storage chamber 5 on the lower side. The fire grates are provided at two locations leaving a gap vertically. The fire grate 6b on the lower side is mounted swingably toward the combustion ash storage chamber.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a combustion furnace, and more particularly to a combustion furnace capable of maintaining a combustion temperature as high as possible.

2. Description of the Related Art In general, a combustion furnace for incinerating waste is known as a processing apparatus for the purpose of reducing the volume of waste.

In this combustion furnace, for example, as shown in Patent Document 1, the inside of the furnace body is vertically partitioned by a fire grate to form a combustion chamber on the fire grate, and wastes and the like are placed in the combustion chamber on the fire grate. The combusted material is put in and burned to form combustion ash to reduce the volume, and the combustion ash is dropped below the grate and collected.

JP-A-2001-153325

By the way, in such a conventional combustion furnace, it is desired to raise the combustion temperature in the combustion chamber in order to improve the treatment efficiency.

However, the combustion temperature in the above-described conventional combustion furnace depends on the type of combustible material, and when combusting the same type of combustible material, the combustion temperature is almost uniquely determined.

In order to increase the combustion temperature, heat supply from other heating means is required.

Thus, the use of other heating means not only complicates the structure of the combustion furnace itself, but also increases the cost of driving the other heating means, resulting in an increase in the operating cost of the combustion furnace. There is

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of such conventional problems, and provides a combustion furnace capable of raising the combustion temperature as much as possible without using other heating means by devising the structure of the combustion furnace. to be a problem to be solved.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the combustion furnace of the present invention comprises an outer container, an inner container arranged in the outer container and forming a combustion chamber, and a combustion chamber vertically partitioning the interior of the inner container. a grate forming a combustion chamber and forming a combustion ash storage chamber below, wherein the inner container is attached to the outer container so as to vibrate, and the grate is vertically spaced two It is characterized by being provided in places.

With such a configuration, the combustibles thrown into the combustion chamber are burned on the upper grate, and in a state where the combustion progresses and the volume is reduced to some extent, they fall on the lower grate and Continue burning on the grate.

On the upper grate, continuation of combustion causes combustion ash to adhere to the surface of the combusted material, reducing the amount of air supplied to the combusted material during combustion, thereby reducing combustion efficiency.

The combustion ash on the surface of the combustible material separates from the combustible material due to the air resistance at the time of falling and the impact caused by collision with the lower grate when the combusted material falls from the upper grate to the lower grate. .
Also, even if the combusted material does not separate, the reduced volume combustible material and combustion ash can be dropped downward by vibrating.

As a result, the contact between the combusted material on the lower grate and the air is restored, and the decrease in combustion efficiency is suppressed.
Moreover, since the burning material on the lower grate maintains a sufficient temperature due to the combustion on the upper grate and, as mentioned above, sufficient contact with the air is obtained, The combustion efficiency is dramatically improved.

Here, combustion continues even on the upper grate, and as a result, combustion takes place at two vertically spaced positions in the combustion chamber.
Therefore, the combustible material is divided into upper and lower parts and burned at two positions, and the combustible material on the upper grate is heated by the heat of combustion on the lower grate. Combustion of matter is accelerated.

As a result, the combustion heat in the combustion chamber is greatly increased, and the combustion efficiency of the combustion furnace is enhanced.

Moreover, the inner container in which the combustion chamber is formed is surrounded by the outer container, and the front surface of the inner container is covered with an air layer, which blocks the heat radiation from the inner container. of the combustion temperature is suppressed.
Also from this point, the combustion efficiency of the combustion furnace is enhanced.

The combustion ash on the lower grate falls from the gap between the grate into the combustion ash storage chamber according to the particle size, or the lower grate connected to the inner container is vibrated, and stored in the combustion ash storage chamber.

Moreover, it is preferable that the lattice density of the upper fire grate is formed coarser than the lattice density of the lower fire grate.
With such a configuration, the combustible material can be efficiently divided into upper and lower parts during the combustion process, and the above-described two-position combustion can be effectively realized.

A support member is interposed between the inner container and the outer container to support the inner container while forming a gap over the entire surface between the inner container and the outer container, with the outer container serving as a support member. can be configured.
With such a configuration, a gap can be reliably formed between the outer container and the inner container, and the heat insulating effect of the inner container can be enhanced.

Moreover, the support member can be configured by a hanger.
With such a configuration, the gap between the outer container and the inner container can be formed by a simple structure in which the inner container is suspended from the outer container.

Further, the lower fire grate can be configured so as to be swingable toward the combustion ash storage chamber. With such a configuration, combustion ash adhering to the grate below can be shaken off by the impact.

A combusted ash discharge port for opening the combusted ash storage chamber to the outside may be formed in the lower part of the peripheral wall of the outer container and the inner container.
With such a configuration, it is possible to facilitate removal of combustion ash from the combustion furnace, suppress heat absorption by accumulated combustion ash, and suppress a decrease in temperature in the combustion chamber.

The combustion ash storage chamber may be provided with a combustion ash guide plate extending from the vicinity of the swinging center of the lower fire grate to the combustion ash discharge port.
With such a configuration, the combustion ash on the lower grate can be guided to the combustion ash discharge port, and the combustion ash can be smoothly discharged to the outside of the combustion furnace.

A vapor generator exposed to the combustion chamber may be provided on the upper portion of the outer container.
The steam generator is arranged oppositely so as to block the upper part of the inner container, and generates steam by the heat of the combustion chamber formed inside the inner container.

Here, the combustion temperature of the combustion furnace is raised as described above, and the amount of heat applied to the steam generator is also large.
Therefore, the steam pressure generated in the steam generator can also be higher.

Further, the steam generator may be connected to a generator driven by steam fed from the steam generator.

Further, the steam generator generates steam by heating hot water pumped up from the ground.
This allows steam to be produced with a small amount of energy.

Here, as described above, since a high steam pressure is generated in the steam generator, the electric power output from the generator driven by the steam can also be increased.

In addition, as described above, since a combustion furnace having a high combustion temperature can be formed, it is possible to incinerate lumber such as covered thinned lumber and waste lumber having a relatively high moisture content.

The combustion chamber may also be provided with a preheating tube that directs the heated air discharged from the combustion chamber toward the wood before it is introduced into the combustion chamber.

With such a configuration, the lumber can be burned smoothly by preheating the lumber to promote drying.

In addition, the support member can be composed of a plurality of elastic bodies.
By adopting such a configuration, it is possible to generate vibrations in the inner container due to the impact when the combustible material falls onto the grate below.
Furthermore, by vibrating the inner container, the combusted material in the combustion chamber is also vibrated, and this vibration promotes the peeling action of the combustion ash covering the surface of the combusted material.

In addition, the inner container may be provided with a vibration exciter for vibrating the inner container.
By adopting such a configuration, it is possible to further improve the aforementioned action of removing the combustion ash from the surface of the combustible.

According to the combustion furnace of the present invention, an increase in combustion temperature can be achieved by changing the structure of the combustion furnace.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is a system block diagram of the power generation equipment to which one Embodiment of this invention was applied. 1 is an enlarged longitudinal sectional view showing one embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line III-III of FIG. 2, showing one embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line IV-IV of FIG. 2, showing an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. FIG. 4 is an enlarged vertical cross-sectional view showing the action of one embodiment of the present invention; It is a system block diagram showing the flow of generation of steam of one embodiment of the present invention.

An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 shows a power generation facility G to which this embodiment is applied. In the figure, reference numeral 1 denotes a combustion furnace according to this embodiment.

The combustion furnace 1 of this embodiment is installed on the low floor A of the power generation facility G, and extends through a high floor B provided above the low floor A with a space therebetween.

The combustion furnace 1 comprises an outer container 2, an inner container 4 arranged in the outer container 2 and forming a combustion chamber 3, and a combustion chamber 3 formed in the upper part by partitioning the inner container 4 into upper and lower parts. and a fire grate 6 forming a combustion ash storage chamber 5 below, an upper fire grate 6a above which the fire grate 6 is arranged, and a space below the upper fire grate 6a. and the lower grate 6b.

Since the inner container 4 is divided into two by the partition wall 7, the combustion chamber 3 and the combustion ash storage chamber 5 are also divided into two by the left and right.

The lower fire grate 6b is also divided into left and right, and is connected to the partition wall 7 via a hinge 8. The horizontal normal position and the end opposite to the connection with the partition wall 7 are downward. It is made possible to swing between two positions of an actuating position that is moved to and inclined.

The lower grate 6b can be oscillated between the two positions described above by attaching a pulling wire (not shown) to the lower grate 6b and manually by an operator using this pulling wire, or by pulling the wire. This can be done by winding and feeding the wire by means of a motor or the like.
Also, by connecting a motor or the like directly to the lower fire grate 6b, it can be electrically oscillated.

In this embodiment, the outer container 2 and the inner container 4 are connected via a plurality of supporting members 9 interposed therebetween.
More specifically, the support member 9 includes a hanger 9a composed of a wire or a chain that suspends and supports the inner container 4 from above the outer container 2, and a hanger 9a that is interposed on the side or bottom of the outer container 2 to support the inner container 4. and an elastic member 9b that prevents contact with the inner container 4.

In this state of being connected by the support member 9 , a gap g is formed over the entire surface between the outer container 2 and the inner container 4 , and the inner container 4 is elastically separated from the outer container 2 three times. It is made swingable in the dimension direction.

Further, the partition wall 7 is provided with a stopper 10 for determining the operating position by contacting the lower fire grate 6b when the lower fire grate 6b is swung downward. ing.

The lattice density of the upper fire grate 6a is coarser than that of the lower fire grate 6b.
That is, the gaps formed between the lattices of the upper fire grate 6a are formed larger, so that the ash can be retained in the lower fire grate 6b.

Further, below the upper fire grate 6a, an air supply pipe 11 having a double pipe structure is arranged from the outside of the outer container 2 along the surface direction of the upper fire grate 6a.

An externally arranged blower 12 is connected to the air supply pipe 11 to supply air. A plurality of 11a are formed at intervals in the length direction.

As shown in FIG. 4, the air supply port 11a is formed such that its opening area gradually increases with increasing distance from an internal opening 13, which will be described later. As a result, air is efficiently supplied to the inner part of the combustion chamber where air supply is difficult.

The side wall of the inner container 4 is formed with an inner opening 13 communicating with the combustion chamber 3, and the side wall of the outer container 2 is provided with an outer opening 14 facing the inner opening 13 of the inner container 4, as shown in FIGS. It is formed as shown in FIG.

As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the outer opening 14 formed in the outer container 2 is closed by a lid 15 attached to the outer surface of the outer container 2 so as to be openable and closable.

A vibrator 16 for vibrating the inner container 4 is connected to the inner container 4. The vibrator 16 is attached to the outer wall of the outer container 2 as shown in FIG. and is connected to the inner container 4 through the outer wall of the outer container 2 .

As shown in FIGS. 1, 2, 3, and 5, combustion ash discharge ports 17 and 18 for opening the combustion ash storage chamber 5 to the outside are provided at the lower peripheral walls of the outer container 2 and the inner container 4. formed.

The partition wall 7 is provided with a combustion ash guide plate 19 extending from the vicinity of the rocking center of the lower fire grate 6b to the outside through the combustion ash discharge ports 17 and 18. As shown in FIG.

The outer end of the combustion ash guide plate 19 is positioned in a combustion ash tray 20 arranged laterally below the outer container 2 . The discharged ash is used as fertilizer.

In this embodiment, a steam generator 21 exposed to the combustion chamber 3 through an upper opening of the inner container 4 is provided in the upper part of the outer container 2 .

The steam generated by this steam generator 21 is, as shown in FIG.

The liquid supplied to the steam generator 21 is preferably hot water pumped up from underground or hot water heated by geothermal heat. This may reduce the amount of combustibles D required to generate steam and turn the turbine 24 .

In this embodiment, wood such as thinned wood and waste wood is used as the combustible material D, and a storage box 25 for storing the combustible material D is installed near the combustion furnace 1 as shown in FIG. It is

In addition, if necessary, a belt conveyor 26 is installed between the storage 25 and the combustion furnace 1, and the belt conveyor 26 conveys the combustibles D stored in the storage 25 to the vicinity of the combustion furnace 1. It is designed to be

Further, the storage 25 is connected with a preheating pipe 28 for guiding the exhaust gas discharged from the exhaust pipe 27 of the combustion furnace 1 into the storage 25 to smoke the inside of the storage 25 to raise the temperature. good too.

Alternatively, a heat exchanger (not shown) may be provided in the preheating pipe 28 to absorb the heat of the exhaust gas to generate heated gas, which may be sent to the storage 25. .

Further, as shown in FIG. 6, geothermal power generation can be achieved by generating steam using hot water or steam from underground in the power generating equipment G. In FIG. 6, wavy arrows represent the supply of heat.
Before starting geothermal power generation, a boring survey is conducted in advance because sufficient power generation capacity cannot be obtained unless the temperature and pressure of the hot water and steam to be pumped exceed predetermined values. However, hot water or the like suitable for geothermal power generation is rarely ejected, and many excavation traces where hot water L boils remain.

Hot water and steam warmed by geothermal heat can be easily obtained by passing the pumping pipe P1 having an outer diameter smaller than that of the boring hole through such excavation marks. In the embodiment, underground hot water L is pumped up by a pumping pipe P<b>1 and a pumping pump P<b>2 and transferred to the steam generator 21 .

The hot water L that has been pumped up is heated in the steam generator 21 to generate steam having a pressure necessary for power generation. Since the hot water L is preheated by geothermal heat, steam can be generated with less energy than using normal water.
Further, since the combustion furnace 1 of the present embodiment can obtain high combustion heat, it is particularly preferable for such utilization.

Next, the operation of the combustion furnace 1 of this embodiment configured in this manner will be described.
First, after conveying the combustibles D stored in the storage 25 to the vicinity of the combustion furnace 1 by the belt conveyor 26, the lid 15 provided in the outer container 2 is operated to form a The external opening 14 is opened, and the combustible material D is thrown onto the grate 6a above the combustion chamber 3 through this external opening 14. As shown in FIG.

When the required amount of combustible material D has been added, the lid 15 is operated to close the external opening 14 of the external container 2 .

Next, by activating the blower 12, combustion air is fed into the combustion chamber 3 through the air supply pipe 11, and the charged combustibles D are ignited to start incineration.

Here, since the air supply pipe 11 is positioned below the upper grate 6a and the injection direction of the combustion air is set upward, the combustion air is injected into the upper grate 6a. It is effectively brought into contact with the combustible D thrown onto 6a.
As a result, the combustion of the combustible material D in the combustion chamber 3 is continued efficiently, and the air in the combustion chamber 3 is heated to a high temperature.

When the combustion of the combustibles D continues on the upper fire grate 6a, the combusteds D are incinerated and reduced in volume. It falls downward from the gap of the lattice 6a.

The combusted material D falling from the upper grate 6a is received by the lower grate 6b and continues to burn on the lower grate 6b.

Here, the surface of the combustible material D burning on the upper grate 6a is covered with combustion ash, and the amount of combustion air and the amount of combustion air supplied to the combustible material D decreases.

Such a decrease in the amount of combustion air supplied causes the combustion of the combustible D to become weak.
However, as described above, the combusted material D falls from the upper grate 6a onto the lower grate 6b at the time when it becomes a predetermined shape due to the volume reduction accompanying the continuation of combustion, so the air resistance at the time of falling is The combustion ash separates from the combustion material D due to the impact when it falls onto the lower fire grate 6b.

As a result, the surface of the combusted material D dropped onto the lower fire grate 6b is exposed to the air, and sufficient combustion air is supplied to continue good combustion.

On the other hand, since combustion continues even on the upper grate 6a, combustion takes place at two positions spaced apart vertically in the combustion chamber 3, so the temperature rise in the combustion chamber 3 is effective. is performed on

In addition, since the combustion heat on the lower grate 6b heats the combustible material D on the upper grate 6a, the combustion of the combustible material D on the upper grate 6a is promoted.

As a result, the combustion efficiency of the combustion furnace is enhanced.
Moreover, the inner container 4 in which the combustion chamber 3 is formed is entirely covered by the gap g formed between it and the outer container 2, and the air in the gap g blocks heat radiation from the inner container 4. Therefore, a decrease in the combustion temperature inside the inner container 4 is suppressed.
Also from this point, the incineration efficiency of the combustion furnace is enhanced.

The combusted material D is almost completely combusted on the lower grate 6b, but the combustion ash produced at that time falls into the combustion ash storage chamber 5 through the gaps of the lower grate 6b.

Also, as shown by the dashed line in FIG. 5, the lower grate 6b is swung downward and slid down into the combustion ash storage chamber 5 to be removed from the lower grate 6b.

The combustion ash that has slid down from the lower fire grate 6b is guided by the combustion ash guide plate 19 to the combustion ash discharge port 18 provided at the bottom of the inner container 4 and the combustion ash discharge port provided at the bottom of the outer container 2. 17, it is collected by a combustion ash tray 20 installed outside the combustion furnace 1.

As described above, by effectively removing the combustion ash covering the surface of the combustible material D and maintaining good contact between the combustible material D and the combustion air, the combustible material D is efficiently burned. be able to.
Thereby, the inside of the combustion chamber 3 can be heated to a higher temperature, and the processing capacity of the combustion furnace 1 can be improved.

Furthermore, in the present embodiment, vibration can be applied to the inner container 4 by activating the vibration exciter 16 during operation of the combustion furnace 1 .

When the internal container 4 is vibrated, the same vibration can be applied to the combusted material D put into the internal container 4, so that the above-described action of separating the combustion ash from the combusted material D can be enhanced. .

On the other hand, the heat generated in the combustion chamber 3 heats the steam generator 21 arranged above the combustion chamber 3 .

When the steam generator 21 is heated in this way, steam is generated in the steam generator 21, and this steam is supplied to the turbine 24 through the gas-liquid separator 22, thereby driving the generator 23. Electricity is generated.

Here, as described above, in the combustion furnace 1 of the present embodiment, the combustion efficiency of the combustibles D is improved and a large amount of heat is obtained. The pressure of the steam produced by vessel 21 is also increased. Further, by using hot water L pumped up from the ground as the liquid supplied to the steam generator 21, steam can be generated with a small heating amount.

Furthermore, after the combustion furnace 1 is operated, the waste heat is used to preheat the combustible D, thereby facilitating ignition of the combustible D, or combustion after ignition. can promote the progression of
Such preheating of the combustible material D facilitates combustion of the combustible material D having a high water content such as thinned wood.

It should be noted that the shapes, dimensions, etc., of the constituent members shown in the above embodiment are merely examples, and can be changed in various ways based on design requirements and the like.

1 Combustion Furnace 2 Outer Container 3 Combustion Chamber 4 Inner Container 5 Combustion Ash Storage Chamber 6 Fire Grate 6a Upper Fire Grate 6b Lower Fire Grate 7 Partition Wall 8 Hinge 9 Support Member 9a Hanging Tool 9b Elastic Member 10 Stopper 11 Air Supply Pipe 11a Air supply port 12 Blower 13 Internal opening 14 External opening 15 Lid 16 Vibrator 17 Combustion ash discharge port 18 Combustion ash discharge port 19 Combustion ash guide plate 20 Combustion ash tray 21 Steam generator 22 Gas-liquid separator 23 Generator 24 Turbine 25 Storage 26 Belt conveyor 27 Exhaust stack 28 Preheating pipe g Gap A Low floor B High floor D Combustion material G Power generation facility P1 Pumping pipe P2 Pumping pump L Hot water

Claims (8)

An outer container, an inner container arranged in the outer container to form a combustion chamber, and an inner container vertically partitioning the inner container to form the combustion chamber above and a combustion ash storage chamber below. a grate;
The combustion furnace, wherein the inner container is attached to the outer container so as to be able to vibrate, and the fire grates are provided at two locations with a vertical interval therebetween. 2. Combustion furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that the lattice density of the upper grate is coarser than that of the lower grate. A support member is interposed between the inner container and the outer container to support the inner container while forming a gap over the entire surface between the inner container and the outer container using the outer container as a support. 3. A combustion furnace according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that 4. The combustion furnace of claim 3, wherein the support members include hangers. the lower grate is mounted swingably toward the combustion ash storage chamber;
A combustion ash discharge port for opening the combustion ash storage chamber to the outside is formed in the lower part of the peripheral wall of the outer container and the inner container,
5. The combustion ash storage chamber according to claim 1, wherein a combustion ash guide plate extending from the vicinity of the rocking center of the fire grate located below to the combustion ash discharge port is provided in the combustion ash storage chamber. A combustion furnace as described. A steam generator exposed to the combustion chamber is provided at the top of the outer container,
6. The combustion furnace according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the steam generator is connected to a generator driven by steam sent from the steam generator. 7. The combustion furnace according to claim 6, wherein the steam generator generates steam by heating hot water pumped up from the ground. The combustible material put into the combustion chamber is wood such as thinned wood and waste wood,
8. The combustion chamber according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that a preheating pipe is connected to the combustion chamber for feeding heated air discharged from the combustion chamber toward the wood before being introduced into the combustion chamber. The combustion furnace according to

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