JP2023037820A - Square member and earth retaining structure - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a square member and an earth retaining structure which can maintain the shape while reducing a weld part, in the earth retaining structure having the square member.SOLUTION: A square member for connecting two earth retaining members each processed to have a wavy-shaped cross section perpendicular to a first direction so that the first directions cross each other, includes an angle member formed by connecting plate-like parts perpendicular to the first directions of the respective two earth retaining members so as to make L-shaped cross sections perpendicular to the first directions, a reinforcing member for connecting the tips of the two plate-like parts, and a plurality of welding parts for joining the reinforcing member and the plate-like parts. In the wavy-shaped cross sections of the earth retaining members, a range where a part projecting to the tip side of the plate-like parts of the angle member from a wavy neutral line of the earth retaining members is positioned in a height direction perpendicular to the first direction of the two earth retaining members is defined as a region A, each of the plurality of welding parts is arranged so as to at least partially overlap the region A.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 7

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to an earth retaining structure constructed on the ground, and relates to a structure of a corner member of an earth retaining structure in which a plurality of earth retaining members are connected by corner members.

Conventionally, civil engineering structures such as vertical shafts for constructing the foundations of structures, drainage wells constructed in the ground, and retaining walls on slopes are formed in a circular or horseshoe shape (U shape, U shape, etc.) by connecting earth retaining members. It is composed of an earth retaining structure with walls formed in a U-shape.

Such an earth retaining structure has the advantage that each earth retaining member is lightweight and can be easily constructed by human power even in a site where large heavy machinery cannot be used, such as in a mountainous area. For example, when constructing a vertical shaft, workers can enter the vertical shaft and connect earth retaining members. The earth retaining structure is constructed by combining a plurality of earth retaining members to form an annular body, and connecting a plurality of the annular bodies in the central axis direction of the annular body. By arranging a plurality of earth retaining members in a staggered manner, the strength of the earth retaining structure as a whole is ensured.

In the earth retaining structure disclosed in Patent Document 1, a plurality of straight liner plates having a straight upper surface shape are connected using a plurality of corner liner plates having an L-shaped upper surface shape (for example, See Patent Document 1).

JP 2015-48574 A

In Patent Document 1, the corner liner plates include angle steels (angle members) placed at the corners to connect a plurality of straight liner plates. The liner plate receives a load from the surrounding ground, and deformation occurs in the direction in which the tips of the angle irons are opened. In addition, when a load is applied to the liner plate from the inside, deformation occurs in the direction in which the tips of the angle irons approach each other. As described above, the load applied to the liner plate is concentrated on the angle steel used for the corner members, causing deformation of the angle steel, which causes the problem that the shape of the earth retaining structure cannot be maintained.

When a plate-shaped reinforcing member is provided so that the tip of the angle steel is not deformed in the corner member, the reinforcing member and the angle steel are welded, but if the reinforcing member and the angle steel are welded all over, distortion due to welding occurs. However, there is a problem that the processing time for the corner members is long.

The present invention solves the above-described problems, and provides a corner member and a retaining structure that can maintain the shape while reducing the number of welded portions in the earth retaining structure having the corner member.

A corner member according to the present invention is a corner member that connects two earth retaining members each having a wavy cross-sectional shape perpendicular to a first direction, and connecting the two earth retaining members with their respective first directions intersecting each other. An angle member formed by connecting the plate-shaped portions perpendicular to the first direction so that the cross-sectional shape parallel to the first direction forms an L-shape, and the tip portions of the two plate-shaped portions are connected to each other A connecting reinforcing member and a plurality of welded portions for joining the reinforcing member and the plate-like portion are provided, and in the corrugated cross-sectional shape of the earth retaining member, the angle member is positioned from a neutral line of the corrugated shape of the earth retaining member. When the region A is defined as the range in which the portion of the plate-like portion protruding toward the tip end side is located in the height direction perpendicular to the first direction of each of the two earth retaining members, the plurality of Each of the welded portions is arranged so as to at least partially overlap the region A. As shown in FIG.

Further, a corner member according to the present invention is a corner member that connects two earth retaining members each having a wavy cross-sectional shape perpendicular to a first direction so that the respective first directions intersect each other. a steel pipe having a rectangular cross-sectional shape parallel to the main body, a main body having a corrugated cross-sectional shape perpendicular to the first direction, and one end face in the first direction being joined to the steel pipe; and a vertical flange provided on the other end face.

Further, the earth retaining structure according to the present invention includes a plurality of square members formed by joining vertical flange portions to both end faces in the first direction of the above-mentioned corner members and a main body having a wavy cross-sectional shape perpendicular to the first direction. , wherein the plurality of earth retaining members and the corner member are connected in a first direction to form an earth retaining unit.

According to the present invention, since the corner member includes the angle member or steel pipe reinforced by the reinforcing member, deformation can be suppressed even if the load received from the ground concentrates, so that the earth retaining structure can maintain its shape. can be done.

1 is a perspective view of an earth retaining structure 100 according to Embodiment 1. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the earth retaining member 10 according to Embodiment 1. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the earth retaining member 10 according to Embodiment 1. FIG. Fig. 4 is a perspective view of the earth retaining member 10 of Fig. 3; 4 is a perspective view of a corner member 30 of the earth retaining structure 100 according to Embodiment 1. FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a corner member 30 of the earth retaining structure 100 according to Embodiment 1. FIG. 4 is a layout diagram of welded portions 36 of reinforcing members 32 of the corner member 30 according to Embodiment 1. FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the stiffening member 20 according to Embodiment 1. FIG. FIG. 4 is a plan view showing a modification of the earth retaining structure 100 according to Embodiment 1; FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram of a modification of the arrangement of the reinforcement member 32 of the corner member 30 and the welded portion 36 of the reinforcement member 32 according to the first embodiment; FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram of a modification of the arrangement of the reinforcement member 32 of the corner member 30 and the welded portion 36 of the reinforcement member 32 according to the first embodiment; Fig. 10 is a perspective view of an earth retaining structure 200 according to Embodiment 2; FIG. 11 is a front view of a modification of the corner member 230 of the earth retaining structure 200 according to Embodiment 2; Fig. 10 is a bottom view of the earth retaining structure 200 according to Embodiment 2; 4 is a perspective view of a modification of the connecting member 40 attached to the earth retaining structure 100 according to Embodiment 1. FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a modification of the connecting member 40 attached to the earth retaining structure 100 according to Embodiment 1. FIG. FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram of a structure of a corner member 330 of the earth retaining structure 300 according to Embodiment 3; 18 is an enlarged view of the corner member 330 of FIG. 17; FIG. This is a modified example of the corner member 330 according to the third embodiment. FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view of a corner member 430 of the earth retaining structure 400 according to Embodiment 4; FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing a modification of the earth retaining structure 100 according to Embodiment 1;

An earth retaining structure 100 according to an embodiment will be described below with reference to the drawings and the like. In the following drawings including FIG. 1, the relative dimensional relationship and shape of each constituent member may differ from the actual ones. Moreover, in the following drawings, the same reference numerals denote the same or corresponding parts, and this applies throughout the specification. In addition, terms representing directions (eg, up, down, left, right, front, rear, front and back, etc.) are used as appropriate for ease of understanding, but these notations are for convenience of explanation. , the arrangement, direction and orientation of any device, instrument, or component.

Embodiment 1.
[Earth retaining structure 100]
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an earth retaining structure 100 according to Embodiment 1. FIG. The earth retaining structure 100 is, for example, a civil engineering structure such as a shaft for constructing the foundation of a structure or a water collection well constructed in the ground, and constructed inside a vertical hole formed by excavating the ground 92. It is. An earth retaining structure 100 shown in FIG. 1 is, as an example, a structure for forming a relatively small-scale foundation on the ground 92, and in plan view, a plurality of earth retaining members 10 are formed into a rectangular shape by corner members 30. It consists of a one-stage earth retaining unit 50 formed by connecting to the In the following description, the outer side of the earth retaining structure 100 is called the ground 92 and the inner side is called the space portion 93 . In Embodiment 1, the earth retaining structure 100 is rectangular when viewed in the direction perpendicular to the ground 92, that is, in the z-direction, but is not limited to being rectangular. The earth retaining structure 100 may be formed, for example, in a circular, oval, elliptical, rectangular, or oval ring shape in plan view. Moreover, the earth retaining structure 100 can also be formed in a semi-annular shape such as a horseshoe shape or a U shape in plan view. When the earth retaining unit 50 is a semi-annular body, the central axis C of the earth retaining unit 50 is an axis that passes through the center of gravity of the earth retaining unit 50 when viewed from above and extends in a direction perpendicular to the ground 92 on which the earth retaining unit 50 is installed. be. The x and y directions shown in the figure are directions along the surface of the ground 92 on which the earth retaining structure 100 is installed, and the z direction is the depth direction of the shaft and the height direction of the earth retaining structure. In Embodiment 1, the earth retaining structure 100 is formed by one stage of the earth retaining unit 50, but may be formed by stacking and connecting the earth retaining units 50 in the height direction.

The earth retaining unit 50 shown in FIG. 1 is an excavated wall surface 95 (Fig. 3). In this case, in the case of a small-scale foundation, the depth of the shaft is relatively shallow, and the earth retaining member 10 can be placed only one step in the z-direction. Therefore, the earth retaining unit 50 is formed by connecting a plurality of earth retaining members 10 in the circumferential direction using connecting members 40 such as bolts and nuts. In the earth retaining structure 100 of FIG. 1, since each side of the rectangle is short, one earth retaining member 10 is arranged on each side, and the plurality of earth retaining members 10 are connected by corner members 30 . Note that the earth retaining unit 50 is not limited to one in which one earth retaining member 10 is arranged on each side, but one having two or more earth retaining members 10 on each side, or one composed only of the corner members 30. may be

The corner member 30 is constructed so that the earth retaining members 10 are connected to both ends thereof, and connects two earth retaining members 10 arranged in a crossing direction. Here, the direction in which the plurality of earth retaining members 10 are connected in the earth retaining unit 50, which is an annular body, is referred to as the first direction. The first direction is the circumferential direction around the central axis of the earth retaining unit 50, and in the case of the earth retaining unit 50 of FIG. 1, it is the direction along each side of the rectangle.

The earth retaining unit 50 has an axial connecting portion 11 that connects the earth retaining member 10 and the corner member 30 , and the stiffening member 20 is arranged below the axial connecting portion 11 (on the z-direction side). The stiffening member 20 and the earth retaining member 10 or the corner member 30 are connected at the connecting portion 12 using connecting members 40 such as bolts and nuts. Each axial connecting portion 11 of the earth retaining unit 50 is reinforced by a stiffening member 20 . The stiffening member 20 is connected to one earth retaining member 10 or one corner member 30 at a plurality of points. With this configuration, when the earth retaining member 10 or the corner member 30 receives a load from the ground 92, the stiffening member 20 can receive the load. The stiffening member 20 is connected to the earth retaining member 10 at two or more points, for example, so that it does not rotate with respect to the earth retaining member 10 . can be transmitted to the corner members 30 connected to each other.

[Earth retaining member 10]
2 and 3 are cross-sectional views of the earth retaining member 10 according to Embodiment 1. FIG. 2 and 3 show cross sections perpendicular to the first direction, which is the circumferential direction of the earth retaining unit 50, and cross sections along the central axis of the earth retaining unit 50 of the earth retaining structure 100 shown in FIG. xz cross section or yz cross section). The main body 14 of the earth retaining member 10 shown in FIG. 2 is sine-curved in cross section perpendicular to the first direction. The main body 14 of the earth retaining member 10 shown in FIG. 3 has a rectangular wave shape with rounded corners in cross section, and parallel surfaces are formed on the outside and inside of the earth retaining structure 100 . The earth retaining structure 100 shown in FIG. 1 is composed of earth retaining members 10 and corner members 30 having the cross-sectional shape of the main body 14 shown in FIG. 3 as an example. Other wave shapes can be changed.

The earth retaining members 10 shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 have different cross-sectional shapes and different corrugated shapes of the main bodies 14, but have lateral flange portions 13 formed at both ends in the z direction, and are stiffened in the z direction. The structure is such that the member 20 can be connected. The horizontal flange portion 13 is formed with a connecting hole 13a to which the connecting member 40 is applied. A plurality of connecting holes 13a are formed in the lateral flange portion 13 and arranged at regular intervals in the first direction. A corrugated portion is formed between the two lateral flange portions 13 . In addition, the connecting hole 13a penetrating in the z-direction provided in the horizontal flange portion 13 may be called a second connecting hole 13a.

The main body 14 of the earth retaining member 10 shown in FIG. 2 is corrugated in a sine curve shape, and can withstand the load due to the earth pressure from the ground 92 . Since the body 14 is corrugated, it has higher strength and rigidity against the load applied in the thickness direction of the earth retaining member 10 than if it were formed in a simple flat cross-sectional shape.

The main body 14 of the earth retaining member 10 shown in FIG. 3, which is formed in a trapezoidal corrugated shape, has a projection 16 projecting inside the earth retaining unit 50 and a convex part 16 located outside the earth retaining unit 50 in the cross section of FIG. and outer wall portions 17 and 18 located protrudingly. The outer wall portion 18 connecting the convex portion 16 and the lateral flange portion 13 is called a first outer wall portion 18 , and the outer wall portion 17 connecting two adjacent convex portions 16 is called a second outer wall portion 17 . In the cross-sectional shape of the main body 14 of the earth retaining member 10 according to Embodiment 1, a plurality of protrusions 16 are provided, but the number of protrusions 16 may be one. For example, although two projections 16 are provided in FIG. 3, only one projection may be arranged at the central portion in the z direction.

The convex portion 16 has an inner wall portion 16a having a surface perpendicular to the surface of the lateral flange portion 13 in cross section. The inner wall portion 16a and the outer wall portions 17 and 18 are formed substantially parallel. A web portion 15 connects between the inner wall portion 16 a and the outer wall portions 17 and 18 . The web portion 15 has a surface extending in the y(x) direction in the cross section of FIG. 3 and is slightly inclined with respect to the y(x) direction. The inclination direction of the web portion 15 is such that when the main body 14 is viewed from the center axis C of the earth retaining unit 50, the open end of the wavy trough portion is wide and the trough bottom is narrow. With such a configuration, the main body 14 can be easily released from the mold when plastic working for corrugation is performed, thereby facilitating manufacturing.

Also, the web portion 15 is formed at an angle close to being parallel to the y(x) axis in FIG. This increases the rigidity of the earth retaining member 10 when a bending moment is applied in the thickness direction. For example, the earth retaining member 10 shown in FIG. 3 has a larger dimension in the y(x) direction than the earth retaining member 10 shown in FIG. 2, and has a higher rigidity against the load applied in the y(x) direction. When the earth retaining member 10 of the earth retaining structure 100 of FIG. 1 receives a load in the plane direction of the main body 14, that is, in the y(x) direction, the earth retaining member 10 is subjected to a bending moment in the y(x) direction. At this time, the section modulus about the neutral axis N of bending of the earth retaining member 10 becomes larger when the inner wall portion 16a farther from the neutral axis N and the outer wall portions 17 and 18 are wider. Therefore, since the web portion 15 is formed at an angle close to parallel to the y(x) axis, the width dimension in the z direction of the inner wall portion 16a and the outer wall portions 17 and 18 is increased, and the earth retaining member 10 is formed in the y direction. Strength and rigidity against bending load in the (x) direction are increased. Specifically, the web portion 15 is set at 0° or more and 20° or less, more preferably 0° or more and 3° or less with respect to the direction perpendicular to the inner wall portion 16a or the outer wall portions 17 and 18. be.

In addition, although the inner wall portion 16a and the outer wall portions 17 and 18 in FIG. With this configuration, the cross-sectional areas of the inner wall portion 16a and the outer wall portions 17 and 18 far from the neutral axis N are increased, so that the earth retaining member 10 can further increase the section modulus.

Horizontal flange portions 13 are formed at both ends in the z-direction of the earth retaining member 10 shown in FIGS. The horizontal flange portion 13 is formed perpendicular to the z-direction, and has a connecting hole 13a in its flat portion. The lateral flange portion 13 has a surface that is parallel to the xy directions and to which the connecting member 40 is attached. In particular, the distal end portion 13b of the horizontal flange portion 13 has a flat surface to which the clamping portion 43 of the connecting member 40, which is a clip-like connecting fitting (see FIGS. 15 and 16), is fitted.

4 is a perspective view of the earth retaining member 10 of FIG. 3. FIG. The earth retaining member 10 has vertical flange portions 19 at both ends in the first direction, which is the circumferential direction of the earth retaining unit 50 . The vertical flange portion 19 is a plate-like member and is welded to the end surface of the main body 14 in the first direction. The length of the longitudinal flange portion 19 in the z direction is substantially the same as the width direction of the main body 14, that is, the length in the z direction. The vertical flange portion 19 has a connecting hole 19a passing through the plate surface. The connecting hole 19a penetrating the vertical flange portion 19 in the first direction may be called the first connecting hole 19a. As shown in FIG. 1, the connecting hole 19a is used to pass a connecting member 40 such as a bolt and a nut when connecting the earth retaining member 10 to another earth retaining member 10 or the corner member 30 in the circumferential direction of the earth retaining unit 50. is a hole.

The connecting holes 19a are arranged corresponding to the corrugated shape of the main body 14. Specifically, the connecting holes 19a are arranged side by side in the y(x) direction of the outer wall portions 17 and 18 of the main body 14, respectively. Also, the connecting hole 19 a is arranged inside the earth retaining unit 50 relative to the outer wall portions 17 and 18 . With this configuration, the worker can connect the earth retaining member 10 from the inside of the shaft in which the earth retaining structure 100 is installed.

The structure of the vertical flange portion 19 is the same even if the cross-sectional shape of the main body 14 is the sine curve shape shown in FIG. That is, in the case of the earth retaining member 10 having the cross-sectional shape shown in FIG. placed. In the case of the earth retaining member 10 having the cross-sectional shape shown in FIG. Further, in the case of the earth retaining member 10 having the cross-sectional shape shown in FIG.

[Corner member 30]
5 and 6 are perspective views of the corner member 30 of the earth retaining structure 100 according to Embodiment 1. FIG. The corner member 30 is joined to an L-shaped angle member 31 when viewed from the z direction, a main body 14 having the same structure as the main body 14 of the earth retaining member 10, and an end face of the main body 14 in the first direction (circumferential direction). A vertical flange portion 19 is provided. The corner member 30 forms a corner of the earth retaining structure 100 by connecting the earth retaining member 10 to the vertical flange portion 19 . In Embodiment 1, the corner members 30 connect the two earth retaining members 10 so as to be perpendicular to each other, but they may be connected at an angle other than a right angle.

The main body 14 of the corner member 30 has the same shape as the main body 14 of the earth retaining member 10 except for the length in the first direction, and may be formed into a sinusoidal waveform as shown in FIG. The length of the main body 14 can be changed as appropriate.

The angle member 31 is formed in an L shape when viewed from the z direction, and has a shape in which the flat plate portions 33 are orthogonally connected. The flat plate portion 33 is plate-shaped and has a longitudinal direction extending in the z-direction. One end surface of the main body 14 is joined to the flat plate portion 33 by welding or the like. The reinforcing member 32 is joined to the tip portions 35 of the two flat plate portions 33 of the angle member 31 . The reinforcing member 32 is a plate-like member, and as shown in FIG. 6, its longitudinal direction extends in the z-direction. The reinforcing member 32 is a member arranged to connect the tip portions 35 of the angle members 31 to each other, thereby suppressing deformation of the tip portions 35 of the flat plate portion 33 in the opening direction.

FIG. 7 is a layout diagram of the welded portion 36 of the reinforcing member 32 of the corner member 30 according to the first embodiment. The reinforcing member 32 is welded to the tip portions 35 of the two flat plate portions 33 . The weld 36 includes a plurality of welds 36a, 36b and 36c. The welding part 36 of the reinforcing member 32 is divided into a plurality of parts, so that the manufacturing cost due to welding can be reduced and deformation due to welding can be suppressed. Further, the flat plate portion 33 of the angle member 31 is deformed so that the two flat plate portions 33 are opened when the load received by the main body 14 joined to the flat plate portion 33 is transmitted. The welded portion 36 of the reinforcing member 32 may be provided at a location where the tip portions 35 of the two flat plate portions 33 are pulled and deformed to open. When the main body 14 receives a load from the ground 92, the outer wall portions 17 and 18 of the main body 14 are joined to the distal end portion 35 of the flat plate portion 33 of the angle member 31, so that the distal end portion 35 of the angle member 31 is It is pulled and deformed so that the two tip portions 35 are opened. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 7, the welded portion 36 is arranged at a position corresponding to the outer wall portions 17 and 18 of the main body 14 in the z-direction. Specifically, the welded portions 36a and 36c are arranged so that at least a portion thereof is parallel to the outer wall portion 18 in the circumferential direction of the earth retaining unit 50, that is, in the first direction. The welded portion 36b is arranged so that at least a portion of the welded portion 36b is parallel to the outer wall portion 17 in the circumferential direction of the earth retaining unit 50, which is an annular body, that is, in the first direction.

In other words, weld 36a is positioned to at least partially overlap area a1 shown in FIG. 3 in the z-direction. Desirably, the welded portion 36a is positioned so as to overlap the region aa1 in FIG. In addition, the welded portion 36b is located so as to at least partially overlap the region a2 shown in FIG. 3 in the z-direction. Desirably, the welded portion 36b is positioned so as to overlap the region aa2 in FIG. The weld 36c is positioned to at least partially overlap the region a3 shown in FIG. 3 in the z-direction. Desirably, the welded portion 36c is positioned so as to overlap the region aa3 in FIG.

The weld 36a can be arranged to include all of the area a1 shown in FIG. It can be transmitted to the reinforcing member 32 via. The welded portion 36b and the area a2 and the welded portion 36c and the area a3 are arranged in the same relationship as the welded portion 36a and the area a1. The welded portion 36 may overlap the area b, but the portion of the reinforcing member 32 corresponding to the area b may not be welded. Note that the regions a1 to a4 and aa1 to aa4 may be collectively referred to as region A in some cases. At least a portion of the welded portion 36 in the z-direction is arranged in the region A in the z-direction, that is, the height direction (z-direction) of the angle member 31 . In the region A, the portion of the corrugation of the main body 14 that protrudes from the neutral line of the corrugation of the earth retaining member to the side where the free end of the plate-like portion of the angle member is located extends in the first direction of each of the two earth retaining members. It is the range located in the height direction that is perpendicular to it.

[Stiffening member 20]
FIG. 8 is a perspective view of the stiffening member 20 according to Embodiment 1. FIG. In Embodiment 1, the stiffening member 20 is a channel steel having a U-shaped cross section that is long in the first direction, a so-called channel member. The stiffening member 20 comprises flanges 21 arranged at both ends in the z-direction and a web 22 connecting the two flanges 21 . The flange 21 is provided with a connecting hole 23 through which the connecting member 40 passes, and is provided so as to correspond to the connecting hole 13a provided in the horizontal flange portion 13 of the main body 14 of the earth retaining member 10 and the corner member 30. ing.

The stiffening member 20 is arranged so that the open side of the U-shaped cross section faces the inside of the earth retaining unit 50 . As a result, the worker who attaches the stiffening member 20 to the earth retaining unit 50 can attach the connecting member 40 from the inside of the earth retaining unit 50, and the rigidity of the stiffening member 20 itself increases.

In addition, the stiffening member 20 is not limited only to channel steel. The stiffening member 20 may be, for example, an angle steel (angle member) having an L-shaped cross section, or may be a flat plate. The stiffening member 20 suppresses deformation of the earth retaining member 10 or the corner member 30 from the axial connecting portion 11 toward the inside of the earth retaining unit 50, and it is desirable that the section modulus of the stiffening member 20 is approximately the same as the section modulus of the main body 14. .

The stiffening member 20 is connected across the earth retaining members 10 arranged adjacent to each other or between the earth retaining member 10 and the corner member 30 . The stiffening member 20 is fixed to one earth retaining member 10 or corner member 30 at two or more points. With this configuration, the stiffening member 20 can be prevented from rotationally displacing relative to the earth retaining member 10 or the corner member 30 about the z-axis, and the connecting member 40 can also be prevented from coming off.

In the earth retaining structure 100 according to Embodiment 1, the stiffening member 20 is installed only on the lower side of the earth retaining unit 50, but it can also be installed on the upper surface. By arranging the stiffening members 20 above and below the earth retaining unit 50, the strength of the earth retaining structure 100 is further improved.

[Modification]
FIG. 9 is a plan view showing a modification of the earth retaining structure 100 according to Embodiment 1. FIG. The earth retaining structure 100 shown in FIG. 1 has one earth retaining member 10 on each side of the rectangular earth retaining unit 50, while the earth retaining structure 100 shown in FIG. An example in which members 10 are arranged is shown. The earth retaining member 10 connects a plurality of earth retaining members 10, and a stiffening member 20 is arranged below the axial connection portion 11 thereof. The stiffening member 20 also reinforces the axial connecting portion 11 between the earth retaining members 10 in the same manner as the axial connecting portion 11 between the earth retaining member 10 and the corner member 30 described above.

FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram of a modification of the arrangement of the reinforcement member 32 of the corner member 30 and the welded portion 36 of the reinforcement member 32 according to the first embodiment. A corner member 30A according to a modification is such that both ends in the z direction of the reinforcing member 32 of the corner member 30 shown in FIG. 7 are shorter than the length of the angle member 31 in the z direction. The reinforcement member 32A has both ends shorter than the angle member 31, but the welded portions 36a to 36c are arranged so that at least a portion of the welded portions 36a to 36c are positioned in the region A as the range occupied by the welded portions 36 in the z direction. Therefore, it has almost the same strength as the corner member 30 shown in FIG. According to the corner member 30A of FIG. 10, the reinforcing member 32A can be made small, so that the weight can be reduced and the materials used can also be reduced.

FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram of a modification of the arrangement of the reinforcement member 32 of the corner member 30 and the welded portion 36 of the reinforcement member 32 according to the first embodiment. In the corner member 30B shown in FIG. 11, the reinforcing member 32 is divided into a plurality of reinforcing members 32a-32c, and welded portions 36a-36c are arranged respectively. The plurality of reinforcing members 32 a to 32 c have their plate surfaces facing the connection portion of the flat plate portion 33 of the angle member 31 . That is, each of the reinforcing members 32a to 32c is arranged so that the plate surface extends along the z-direction. With such a configuration, the reinforcing members 32a to 32c can further reduce the amount of material used, can be lightened, and can improve the strength of the corner member 30 efficiently.

The corner member 30B has reinforcing members 32a to 32c and welded portions 36a to 36c arranged at three locations in the z direction, but the number of arranged members is not limited. For example, if the cross-sectional shape of the main body 14 is a sine curve as shown in FIG. , the reinforcing member 32 or the welded portion 36 may be arranged at four locations corresponding to the regions a1 to a4. Further, for example, in the case where there are two protruding portions on the y(x) side of the neutral axis N in the cross-sectional shape of the main body 14, two reinforcing members 32 or A weld 36 may be arranged. In addition, the reinforcing member 32 or the welded portion 36 does not need to match the number of portions projecting to the y(x) side from the neutral axis N in the cross-sectional shape of the main body 14, and the strength is ensured in the region A. You only need to install the required quantity above.

21 is a perspective view showing a modification of the earth retaining structure 100 according to Embodiment 1. FIG. The earth retaining structure 100 according to Embodiment 1 may be configured by combining four corner members 30 as shown in FIG. In this case, the stiffening member 20 is connected across the lateral flange portions 13 of the main bodies 14 of the two adjacent corner members 30 . With this configuration, the axial connecting portion 11 between the corner members 30 can also be reinforced, and the strength of the earth retaining structure 100 is improved. Note that the earth retaining member 10 can be added to two opposite sides of the four sides of the earth retaining structure 100 shown in FIG. The earth retaining structure 100 can be configured with only the corner member 30 or with the earth retaining member 10 and the corner member 30 in combination, and the axial connection portion 11 can be reinforced with the stiffening member 20. Therefore, the installation environment is improved. The structure can be appropriately changed according to. Moreover, the earth retaining structure 100 shown in FIG. 21 may be configured such that a plurality of stages of earth retaining units 50 are stacked in the z-direction.

Embodiment 2.
An earth retaining structure 200 according to Embodiment 2 will be described. The earth retaining structure 200 is obtained by changing the configuration of the corner members 30 constituting the earth retaining structure 100 according to Embodiment 1 and applying the corner stiffening member 60 . Components having the same functions and actions as those of the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and descriptions thereof are omitted.

FIG. 12 is a perspective view of an earth retaining structure 200 according to Embodiment 2. FIG. The earth retaining structure 200 is configured in a rectangular shape, and the earth retaining members 10 are arranged one by one on each side and connected by corner members 230 . A corner stiffening member 60 is arranged below the corner member 230 and is connected across the two earth retaining members 10 connected to the corner member 230 .

[Corner member 230]
The corner member 230 according to the second embodiment includes an L-shaped angle member 231 when viewed in the z direction. The angle member 231 is configured in a shape in which two flat plate portions 233 are connected, and the two flat plate portions 233 are arranged in a positional relationship in which the two plate portions 233 are orthogonal to each other. The longitudinal direction of the flat plate portion 233 extends in the z direction. A connection hole 239 is provided in the flat plate portion 233 so that the vertical flange portion 19 of the earth retaining member 10 can be connected.

The corner member 230 comprises a reinforcing member 232 positioned between two plate portions 233 of the angle member 231 and joined by welding. The reinforcing member 232 is a plate-shaped body whose shape is matched to the inner side of the L-shape according to the cross-sectional shape of the angle member 231, and whose surface is directed perpendicularly to the z-direction. The reinforcing member 232 has, for example, a triangular or substantially triangular shape in plan view. The reinforcing member 232 reinforces the angle member 231 by resisting the load in the direction in which the two flat plate portions 233 of the angle member 231 expand and contract. In FIG. 12, the reinforcing member 232 is arranged between the connecting holes 239 and is provided at two locations, but the installation location can be appropriately changed depending on the required strength.

13 is a front view of a modification of the corner member 230 of the earth retaining structure 200 according to Embodiment 2. FIG. By providing the reinforcing member 232 at a position corresponding to the outer wall portions 17 and 18 of the main body 14, the force transmitted from the outer wall portions 17 and 18 can be supported, and the strength of the angle member 231 can be efficiently improved. .

The reinforcing member 232 is preferably arranged within any one of the regions a1, a2 and a3 shown in FIG. 3, and preferably within the regions aa1, aa2 and aa3. good. That is, the reinforcing member 232 may be arranged in the region A. At this time, both the reinforcing member 232 and the flat plate portion 233 may be arranged in each region A. The reinforcing member 232 and the flat plate portion 233 need not be arranged in all of the plurality of regions A, and are arranged according to the required strength.

[Corner stiffening member 60]
14 is a bottom view of the earth retaining structure 200 according to Embodiment 2. FIG. The corner stiffening member 60 according to Embodiment 2 is arranged below the corner member 230 and fixed so as to straddle the two earth retaining members 10 connected to the corner member 230 . The corner stiffening member 60 is fixed to the lateral flange portion 13 of the main body 14 at a plurality of locations. In Embodiment 3, the corner stiffening members 60 are L-shaped along the corners of the earth retaining unit 50. ), etc., may be used.

Since the earth retaining structure 200 according to Embodiment 2 has a structure in which the corner member 230 is configured by the angle member 231 and the earth retaining member 10 and the corner member 230 are connected by the connecting member 40, welding is performed when manufacturing each member. and processing can be reduced. Therefore, the earth retaining structure 200 can ensure sufficient strength by the corner stiffening member 60 and the stiffening member 20 while reducing the amount of processing of each member.

Although the earth retaining structure 200 according to Embodiment 2 has one earth retaining member 10 arranged on each side, it may be configured with two or more earth retaining members 10 on each side. When a plurality of earth retaining members 10 are arranged on each side, the stiffening member 20 described in the first embodiment is installed at the axial connecting portion 11 of the earth retaining members 10 adjacent to each other.

In the earth retaining structure 200 according to Embodiment 2, the corner stiffening member 60 is arranged only on the bottom surface of the earth retaining unit 50, but it may be arranged on the upper surface as well. By arranging the corner stiffening members 60 on the upper and lower surfaces, the strength of the earth retaining structure 200 is further improved.

In FIG. 12, the earth retaining structure 200 shows a form in which the earth retaining unit 50 is composed of only one stage, but the earth retaining unit 50 may be constructed by stacking a plurality of stages. In this case, the earth retaining structure 200 is configured by stacking a plurality of earth retaining units 50 shown in FIG. 13 in the z direction. Further, in the second embodiment, when the earth retaining unit 50 is formed by stacking a plurality of layers in the earth retaining structure 200, the earth retaining unit 50 located at the lower end of the earth retaining structure 200 is provided with a corner supplement as shown in FIGS. By connecting the rigid member 60, the strength of the earth retaining unit 50 at the lower end can be improved. Also, the corner stiffening member 60 can be attached to the upper end of the earth retaining structure 200 which is composed of a plurality of stages of earth retaining units 50 .

[Modification of connecting member 40]
15 and 16 are perspective views of modifications of the connecting member 40 attached to the earth retaining structure 100 according to Embodiment 1. FIG. The connecting member 40 shown in Embodiments 1 and 2 may be replaced with a clip-shaped connecting member 40 shown in FIGS. The connecting member 40 is a metal fitting formed by bending a sheet metal, and is one of the connecting members 40 that connect the earth retaining members 10 . The connecting member 40 includes a connecting metal fitting main body 42 having a projection 46 formed by embossing, an insertion portion 45 formed by bending one end of the connecting metal fitting main body 42 , and the other end of the connecting metal fitting main body 42 . and a holding portion 43 that is bent in the same direction as the insertion portion 45 from the end portion.

The connecting member 40 has an insertion portion 45 inserted into a connecting hole 13 a formed in the lateral flange portion 13 of the earth retaining member 10 , and a contact portion 43 b of the clamping portion 43 and the connecting fitting main body 42 are connected to the distal end portion of the lateral flange portion 13 . The two earth retaining members 10 are connected by sandwiching the retaining member 13b. Note that the tip portion 43a of the holding portion 43 is bent in a direction away from the connecting metal fitting main body 42 so as to facilitate assembly. Since the connecting member 40 can be fitted into the lateral flange portion 13 to connect the earth retaining members 10, the efficiency of the connecting work is improved compared to the connection using bolts and nuts.

An end edge 42 c of a pinching side end portion 42 b of the connecting fitting main body 42 where the pinching portion 43 is formed is formed parallel to the distal end of the horizontal flange portion 13 . The connecting fitting main body 42 extends obliquely from a direction perpendicular to the edge 42c. An edge 42 d of the connecting fitting main body 42 is connected to the insertion portion 45 . The end edge 42 d to which the insertion portion 45 is connected is inclined with respect to the horizontal flange portion 13 of the earth retaining member 10 .

The inserting portion 45 extends from the edge 42d of the connecting fitting main body 42 toward the lateral flange portion 13, and is bent into an L shape at its tip to form the tip portion 41. As shown in FIG. The distal end portion 41 extends such that the plate surface 41 b extends along the surface of the lateral flange portion 13 . A plate surface 41 b of the distal end portion 41 is formed substantially parallel to the plate surface of the connecting fitting main body 42 . Alternatively, the plate surface 41b of the tip portion 41 may not be parallel to the plate surface of the connecting metal fitting main body 42, and the tip 41a may be inclined toward the connecting metal fitting main body 42 side. With this configuration, the connecting fitting main body 42 is arranged on one surface side of the lateral flange portion 13 of the two earth retaining members 10 to be connected, and the tip portion 41 is arranged on the other surface side. The lateral flange portion 13 can be held between the tip portion 41 and the connecting fitting main body 42 .

As shown in FIG. 15, the insertion side end portion 42a of the connecting fitting main body 42 where the insertion portion 45 is formed is narrower than the clamping side end portion 42b where the clamping portion 43 is formed. It is formed to have a width that allows it to be inserted into the connecting hole 13 a of the lateral flange portion 13 . That is, the tip portion 41 can be freely inserted into the connecting holes 13a of the lateral flange portions 13 of the two earth retaining members 10. As shown in FIG. Further, the insertion-side end portion 42a is embossed to form a convex portion 46, thereby improving rigidity.

On the other hand, the clamping side end portion 42b where the clamping portion 43 is formed is formed wide so that the clamping portion 43 can clamp and hold the lateral flange portions 13 of the two earth retaining members 10 therebetween.

In the earth retaining structures 100 and 200 according to Embodiments 1 and 2, workability during installation is further improved by replacing the connecting member 40 with the clip-shaped connecting member 40 as described above. It should be noted that the connecting member 40 may be partially formed of bolts and nuts, and partially formed of a clip-like metal fitting, if necessary.

Embodiment 3.
An earth retaining structure 300 according to Embodiment 3 will be described. The earth retaining structure 300 is obtained by changing the structure of the corner member 230 that constitutes the earth retaining structure 200 according to the second embodiment. Components having the same functions and actions as those in Embodiments 1 and 2 are given the same reference numerals, and descriptions thereof are omitted.

FIG. 17 is an explanatory diagram of the structure of the corner member 330 of the earth retaining structure 300 according to the third embodiment. The earth retaining structure 300 has a rectangular shape, and is formed by connecting the earth retaining members 10 in the circumferential direction of the earth retaining unit 50 . The corner member 330 is configured by welding the reinforcing member 232 to the angle member 31 with the surface thereof directed in the height direction (z direction), as in the second embodiment. However, the corner member 330 has a structure in which the main body 14 is directly joined to the flat plate portion 33 of the angle member 31 in the same manner as the corner member 30 shown in the first embodiment. The reinforcing members 232 are arranged according to the corrugations of the main body 14, for example, at a1 to a4 and aa1 to aa4 shown in FIG. 2 or 3, respectively. That is, the reinforcing member 232 is arranged in the area A. As shown in FIG. Since the corner member 330 according to Embodiment 3 includes the main body 14, the angle member 31 does not have the connecting hole 239, and the reinforcing member 232 can be arranged with a high degree of freedom.

FIG. 18 is an enlarged view of corner member 330 of FIG. 18(a) is a top view seen in the z-direction, and FIG. 18(b) is a front view of the reinforcing member 232. FIG. The reinforcing member 232 is welded to the inside of the flat plate portion 33 of the angle member 31 . In Embodiment 3, the range of the welded portion 36 between the reinforcing member 232 and the flat plate portion 33 is arranged in a part of the flat plate portion 33 on the tip portion 35 side, but the reinforcing member 232 and the flat plate portion 33 are in contact with each other. Good for all areas. Further, the reinforcing member 232 may be provided with the welded portions 36 on the upper and lower surfaces, or may be provided on only one surface. The welded portion 36 of the reinforcing member 232 can be similarly applied in the second embodiment.

FIG. 19 shows a modification of the corner member 330 according to the third embodiment. 19(a) is a top view seen in the z-direction, and FIG. 19(b) is a front view of the reinforcing member 232. FIG. A corner member 330</b>A according to the modification has a reinforcing member 332 . The reinforcing member 332 is, for example, a steel bar and is welded to connect the tip portions 35 of the flat plate portions 33 . The reinforcing member 332 is also arranged in the area A, so that the angle member 31 of the corner member 330 can be efficiently reinforced. The reinforcing member 332 can also be applied to the corner member 230 according to the second embodiment.

Embodiment 4.
An earth retaining structure 400 according to Embodiment 4 will be described. The earth retaining structure 400 is obtained by changing the structure of the corner member 30 that constitutes the earth retaining structure 100 according to the first embodiment. Components having the same functions and actions as those of Embodiments 1 to 3 are given the same reference numerals, and descriptions thereof are omitted.

FIG. 20 is a cross-sectional view of the corner member 430 of the earth retaining structure 400 according to the fourth embodiment. FIG. 20 shows a cross section perpendicular to the z-direction. In Embodiment 1, the corner member 30 is configured by joining the main body 14 to the two flat plate portions 33 of the L-shaped angle member 31, but the corner member 430 according to Embodiment 4 is constructed by is replaced with a steel pipe 431 having a rectangular cross section. The corner member 430 is constructed by joining the main bodies 14 to two adjacent surfaces of a steel pipe 431 having a rectangular cross section.

That is, the steel pipe 431 having a rectangular cross section is joined by welding the main body 14 having a corrugated cross section to two adjacent flat plate portions 433 , and a flat plate portion 434 is further attached to an end portion 435 of the two flat plate portions 433 . It is joined and formed into a tubular shape. Inside the steel pipe 431 , reinforcing members 432 may be arranged on diagonal lines connecting the ends 435 . The reinforcing member 432 is fixed inside the steel pipe 431 . By arranging the reinforcing member 432 on a diagonal line that connects the ends 435, it is possible to suppress deformation particularly in the direction in which the ends 435 approach each other. Further, the reinforcing member 432 is partially welded and fixed inside the steel pipe 431, so that deformation in the direction in which the ends 435 are separated from each other can be suppressed. Note that the reinforcing member 432 can also be arranged by rotating it by 90° in FIG. 20, the reinforcing member 432 may be welded so as to connect each vertex of the steel pipe 431 having a cross section and a rectangular cross section. Even if the reinforcing member 432 is changed as described above, the rigidity and strength of the steel pipe 431 are improved.

Further, as a modification of the corner member 430 according to the fourth embodiment, instead of the reinforcing member 432, the interior 438 of the steel pipe 431 may be filled with a filler such as concrete. By filling the inside 438 of the steel pipe 431 with concrete, deformation of the steel pipe 431 can be suppressed, so that the steel pipe 431 can be reinforced without the reinforcing member 432 . Since the steel pipe 431 has a rectangular cross-sectional shape, it has a relatively high strength even without the reinforcing member 432 and the filler.

The configurations shown in the above embodiments are merely examples, and the embodiments can be combined with each other. For example, the same earth retaining structure may include both corner members 30 and 230 and be reinforced with both stiffeners 20 and corner stiffeners 60 . Further, it is possible to combine the above-described embodiments with another known technology, and it is also possible to omit or change a part of the configuration without departing from the scope of the invention.

10 Earth retaining member 11 Axial connecting portion 12 Connecting portion 13 Horizontal flange portion 13a (Second) connecting hole 13b Tip portion 14 Main body 15 Web portion 16 Protruding portion 16a Inner wall portion 17 (Second 2) outer wall portion 17b outer wall portion 18 (first) outer wall portion 19 vertical flange portion 19a (first) connecting hole 20 stiffening member 21 flange 22 web 23 connecting hole 25 insertion part, 30 corner member, 30A corner member, 30B corner member, 31 angle member, 32 reinforcing member, 32a reinforcing member, 32b reinforcing member, 32c reinforcing member, 33 flat plate portion, 35 tip portion, 36 welded portion, 36a welded portion, 36b Welded portion 36c Welded portion 40 Connection member 41 Tip portion 41a Tip 41b Plate surface 42 Connection fitting main body 42a Clamping side end 42b Insertion side end 42c Edge 42d Edge 43 Clamping Part 43a Tip Part 43b Contact Part 45 Insertion Part 46 Convex Part 50 Retaining Unit 60 Corner Stiffening Member 80 Connecting Fitting 92 Ground 93 Space Part 94 Vertical Shaft 95 Excavation Wall 100 Retaining Structure, 100a earth retaining structure, 200 earth retaining structure, 230 corner member, 231 angle member, 232 reinforcing member, 233 flat plate portion, 239 connecting hole, 260 corner member, 300 earth retaining structure, 330 corner member, 330A corner member, 332 reinforcing member, 400 earth retaining structure, 430 corner member, 431 steel pipe, 432 reinforcing member, 433 flat plate portion, 434 flat plate portion, 435 end portion, 438 inside, C central axis, N neutral axis, a1 area, a2 area, a3 area, aa1 area, aa2 region, aa3 region, b region.

Claims (13)

A corner member that connects two earth retaining members whose cross-sectional shape perpendicular to the first direction is processed into a wavy shape so that the respective first directions intersect,
an angle member formed by connecting the plate-shaped portions of the two earth retaining members perpendicular to the first direction so that the cross-sectional shape parallel to the first direction forms an L-shape;
a reinforcing member that connects tip portions of the two plate-shaped portions;
and a plurality of welding parts that join the reinforcing member and the plate-like part,
In the corrugated cross-sectional shape of the earth retaining member, a portion that protrudes from the neutral line of the corrugation of the earth retaining member toward the distal end side of the plate-like portion of the angle member extends in the first direction of each of the two earth retaining members. When the range located in the height direction that is perpendicular to the area is defined as area A,
Each of the plurality of welds includes:
A corner member arranged so as to at least partially overlap the region A. The reinforcing member is
2. The corner member according to claim 1, which is a steel plate having edges arranged along the tip portions of the two plate-like portions and having a plate surface facing a connecting portion of the two plate-like portions. The reinforcing member is
including a plurality of reinforcing members;
Each of the plurality of reinforcing members,
3. The corner member of claim 2, comprising said plurality of welds. The reinforcing member is
2. The corner member according to claim 1, which is a steel plate having a plate surface facing the height direction. The reinforcing member is
including a plurality of reinforcing members;
Each of the plurality of reinforcing members,
5. A corner member according to claim 4, located in said region A. The reinforcing member is
2. The corner member according to claim 1, which is a steel bar welded to the tip of the plate-like portion with the longitudinal direction intersecting the height direction. a main body in which a cross-sectional shape perpendicular to a first direction is processed into a wavy shape, and one end face in the first direction is joined to the plate-like portion of the angle member;
and a vertical flange provided on the other end surface of the main body in the first direction. The plate-like portion of the angle member is
8. The corner member according to any one of claims 4 to 7, having a connecting hole disposed in said region A and penetrating in the first direction. A corner member that connects two earth retaining members whose cross-sectional shape perpendicular to the first direction is processed into a wavy shape so that the respective first directions intersect,
a steel pipe having a rectangular cross-sectional shape parallel to the first direction;
a main body having a corrugated cross-sectional shape perpendicular to a first direction and having one end face in the first direction joined to the steel pipe;
and a vertical flange provided on the other end surface of the main body in the first direction. 10. The corner member according to claim 9, further comprising a steel plate arranged along a diagonal line of the steel pipe having a rectangular cross-sectional shape in a cross section parallel to the first direction and suppressing deformation of the corner member. The steel pipe is
11. The corner member of claim 10, wherein the interior is filled with a filler material. a corner member according to any one of claims 1 to 11;
a plurality of earth retaining members formed by joining vertical flange portions to both end faces in the first direction of a main body having a corrugated cross-sectional shape perpendicular to the first direction,
The plurality of earth retaining members and the corner members are
An earth retaining structure connected in a first direction to form an earth retaining unit. 13. The earth retaining structure according to claim 12, formed by connecting a plurality of said earth retaining units in the height direction.

Images