JP2023027424A - Voltage protection device and power conversion device - Google Patents

Voltage protection device and power conversion device Download PDF

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JP2023027424A
JP2023027424A JP2020016477A JP2020016477A JP2023027424A JP 2023027424 A JP2023027424 A JP 2023027424A JP 2020016477 A JP2020016477 A JP 2020016477A JP 2020016477 A JP2020016477 A JP 2020016477A JP 2023027424 A JP2023027424 A JP 2023027424A
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circuit
voltage
protected
power supply
power
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一成 戸田
Issei TODA
拓也 黛
Takuya Mayuzumi
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Hitachi Astemo Ltd
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Hitachi Astemo Ltd
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Priority to JP2020016477A priority Critical patent/JP2023027424A/en
Priority to PCT/JP2020/047356 priority patent/WO2021157222A1/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H85/00—Protective devices in which the current flows through a part of fusible material and this current is interrupted by displacement of the fusible material when this current becomes excessive
    • H01H85/02—Details
    • H01H85/04—Fuses, i.e. expendable parts of the protective device, e.g. cartridges
    • H01H85/05—Component parts thereof
    • H01H85/055—Fusible members
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
    • H02H7/10—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for converters; for rectifiers
    • H02H7/12—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for converters; for rectifiers for static converters or rectifiers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
    • H02H7/10—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for converters; for rectifiers
    • H02H7/12—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for converters; for rectifiers for static converters or rectifiers
    • H02H7/122—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for converters; for rectifiers for static converters or rectifiers for inverters, i.e. dc/ac converters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
    • H02H7/20—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for electronic equipment
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H9/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection
    • H02H9/04—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection responsive to excess voltage
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode

Abstract

To solve the problem that a current interruption element is not fused and current cannot be interrupted even if a voltage breakdown element is conducted depending on impedance on a path.SOLUTION: An inductor element 730 for preventing noise is provided between a voltage breakdown element 720 and a power supply circuit 800 as a protection object circuit. Thus, the power supply circuit 800 as the protection object circuit can be protected by reducing an influence of a frequency component f to be generated to certainly fuse the current interruption element 710 in a process of conducting the voltage breakdown element 720. The noise can be further prevented by taking an EMC (Electromagnetic Compatibility) countermeasure by the inductor element 730.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

本発明は、電圧保護装置および電力変換装置に関する。 The present invention relates to voltage protection devices and power conversion devices.

ハイブリッド自動車や電気自動車は、車両内部に多数の電気回路部品を備え、その動作電圧も様々である。電気回路部品には電源より電圧が印加されているが、故障等により最大定格電圧を大幅に超えた過電圧が印加される場合があり、電気回路部品を保護する必要がある。 Hybrid vehicles and electric vehicles are equipped with a large number of electric circuit components inside the vehicle, and their operating voltages also vary. Voltage is applied to electrical circuit components from a power supply, but overvoltages that greatly exceed the maximum rated voltage may be applied due to failures, etc., and it is necessary to protect electrical circuit components.

特許文献１には、電圧降伏素子であるバリスタを設け、ＡＣ電源の異常な過電圧が所定時間継続した場合、バリスタが導通状態になり、これによりＡＣ電源のホット極とニュートラル極とが短絡して電流遮断素子であるヒューズが溶断し、ヒューズの溶断により、ＡＣ電源からの電力の供給経路が遮断される装置が開示されている。 In Patent Document 1, a varistor, which is a voltage breakdown element, is provided, and when an abnormal overvoltage of an AC power supply continues for a predetermined period of time, the varistor becomes conductive, thereby short-circuiting the hot pole and the neutral pole of the AC power supply. A device is disclosed in which a fuse, which is a current interrupting element, blows, and the blowing of the fuse cuts off a power supply path from an AC power supply.

特開２０１８－１９１４００号公報Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2018-191400

特許文献１に記載の装置では、経路上におけるインピーダンスによっては、電圧降伏素子が導通しても、電流遮断素子が溶断せず、電流を遮断することができない課題があった。 The device described in Patent Document 1 has a problem that, depending on the impedance on the path, even if the voltage breakdown element becomes conductive, the current interrupting element does not fuse and the current cannot be interrupted.

本発明による電圧保護装置は、直流電源からの直流電力が供給される保護対象回路と、前記直流電源と前記保護対象回路との間に配置され、前記保護対象回路を過電圧から保護する保護回路と、を備える電圧保護装置であって、前記保護回路は、所定以上の電流が流れた時に溶断して電流を遮断する電流遮断素子と、前記保護対象回路と電気的に並列に前記電流遮断素子と保護対象回路との間に接続され、所定以上の電圧が印加された時に導通する電圧降伏素子と、を備え、前記電圧降伏素子の降伏電圧は、前記保護対象回路に入力される通常動作電圧より大きく、かつ、前記保護対象回路の所定の耐電圧より小さい値であり、前記電圧降伏素子と前記直流電源との間の経路上におけるインピーダンスは、前記電圧降伏素子と前記保護対象回路との間の経路上におけるインピーダンスよりも小さい。
本発明による電圧保護装置は、直流電源からの直流電力が供給される保護対象回路と、前記直流電源と前記保護対象回路との間に配置され、前記保護対象回路を過電圧から保護する保護回路と、を備える電圧保護装置であって、前記保護回路は、所定以上の電流が流れた時に溶断して電流を遮断する電流遮断素子と、前記保護対象回路と電気的に並列に前記電流遮断素子と前記保護対象回路との間に接続され、所定以上の電圧が印加された時に導通する電圧降伏素子と、を備え、前記電圧降伏素子の降伏電圧は、前記保護対象回路に入力される通常動作電圧より大きく、かつ、前記保護対象回路の所定の耐電圧より小さい値であり、前記電圧降伏素子と前記保護対象回路との間の経路上に、電流の変動を抑制するインダクタ素子を備えた。 A voltage protection device according to the present invention comprises a circuit to be protected to which DC power is supplied from a DC power supply, and a protection circuit disposed between the DC power supply and the circuit to be protected, which protects the circuit to be protected from overvoltage. , wherein the protection circuit includes a current interrupting element that fuses and cuts off the current when a current exceeding a predetermined level flows, and the current interrupting element electrically connected in parallel with the circuit to be protected. a voltage breakdown element connected between the circuit to be protected and conducting when a predetermined voltage or higher is applied, wherein the breakdown voltage of the voltage breakdown element is higher than the normal operating voltage input to the circuit to be protected. The impedance on the path between the voltage breakdown element and the DC power supply is large and smaller than the predetermined withstand voltage of the circuit to be protected, and the impedance between the voltage breakdown element and the circuit to be protected is smaller than the impedance on the path.
A voltage protection device according to the present invention comprises a circuit to be protected to which DC power is supplied from a DC power supply, and a protection circuit disposed between the DC power supply and the circuit to be protected, which protects the circuit to be protected from overvoltage. , wherein the protection circuit includes a current interrupting element that fuses and cuts off the current when a current exceeding a predetermined level flows, and the current interrupting element electrically connected in parallel with the circuit to be protected. a voltage breakdown element connected between the circuit to be protected and conducting when a voltage equal to or higher than a predetermined voltage is applied, wherein the breakdown voltage of the voltage breakdown element is the normal operating voltage input to the circuit to be protected. An inductor element is provided on a path between the voltage breakdown element and the circuit to be protected, the inductor element being larger than the predetermined withstand voltage of the circuit to be protected and suppressing current fluctuation.

本発明によれば、電流遮断素子を確実に溶断して、電流を遮断することにより保護対象回路を保護することができる。 According to the present invention, the circuit to be protected can be protected by reliably blowing off the current interrupting element and interrupting the current.

電力変換装置の回路構成図である。It is a circuit block diagram of a power converter device. 実施形態に係る電圧保護装置の回路構成図である。1 is a circuit configuration diagram of a voltage protection device according to an embodiment; FIG. 電圧降伏素子と保護対象回路の耐電圧との関係を示すグラフである。4 is a graph showing the relationship between the voltage breakdown element and the withstand voltage of the circuit to be protected. 電流遮断素子の一例を示す図である。It is a figure which shows an example of a current interruption element. 比較例に係る電圧保護装置の回路構成図である。It is a circuit configuration diagram of a voltage protection device according to a comparative example. 電圧降伏素子が降伏する推移を示すグラフである。4 is a graph showing the breakdown transition of a voltage breakdown element; 電圧降伏素子が降伏する推移を示す拡大したグラフである。Fig. 3 is an enlarged graph showing the breakdown progression of a voltage breakdown device;

図１は、電力変換装置１００の回路構成図である。
電力変換装置１００は、直流電源２００より供給される直流電力を交流電力に変換し、モータ３００を駆動する。 FIG. 1 is a circuit configuration diagram of a power converter 100. As shown in FIG.
The power converter 100 converts the DC power supplied from the DC power supply 200 into AC power to drive the motor 300 .

電力変換装置１００は、Ｙキャパシタ１１０、平滑キャパシタ１２０、ＩＧＢＴモジュール１３０、および電流センサ１４０を備える。
Ｙキャパシタ１１０は、正極バスバーＢＰと負極バスバーＢＮとの間に２個直列に接続され、その中間接続点はグランドと接続される。 Power conversion device 100 includes Y capacitor 110 , smoothing capacitor 120 , IGBT module 130 and current sensor 140 .
Two Y capacitors 110 are connected in series between the positive bus bar BP and the negative bus bar BN, and the intermediate connection point is connected to the ground.

平滑キャパシタ１２０は、ＩＧＢＴモジュール１３０内に設けられた後述のスイッチング素子のＯＮ/ＯＦＦによって生じる電流を平滑化し、直流電源２００からＩＧＢＴモジュール１３０へ供給される直流電流のリップルを抑制する。 Smoothing capacitor 120 smoothes current generated by ON/OFF of a switching element provided in IGBT module 130 to suppress ripple of the DC current supplied from DC power supply 200 to IGBT module 130 .

ＩＧＢＴモジュール１３０は、６個のスイッチング素子を内蔵し、インバータ回路を構成する。すなわち、ＩＧＢＴモジュール１３０は、Ｕ相、Ｖ相、Ｗ相の上アーム回路を構成するスイッチング素子ＵＨ、ＶＨ、ＷＨを備え、Ｕ相、Ｖ相、Ｗ相の下アーム回路を構成するスイッチング素子ＵＬ、ＶＬ、ＷＬを備える。 The IGBT module 130 incorporates six switching elements and constitutes an inverter circuit. That is, the IGBT module 130 includes switching elements UH, VH, and WH forming upper arm circuits of U-phase, V-phase, and W-phase, and switching element UL forming lower-arm circuits of U-phase, V-phase, and W-phase. , VL, WL.

モータ３００は、インバータ回路からの線間電圧（三相交流電圧）の供給により回転駆動される。電流センサ１４０はインバータ回路から供給される交流電流値を検出する。 Motor 300 is rotationally driven by supply of line voltage (three-phase AC voltage) from an inverter circuit. A current sensor 140 detects an alternating current value supplied from the inverter circuit.

電力変換装置１００は、さらに、モータ制御基板１５０、ゲートドライブ基板１６０を備える。モータ制御基板１５０は、モータ３００から回転角度信号を受けて、さらに電流センサ１４０から交流電流値を受けて、インバータ回路を駆動する駆動信号を生成する。生成した駆動信号は、ゲートドライブ基板１６０を介してＩＧＢＴモジュール１３０へ出力される。 The power converter 100 further includes a motor control board 150 and a gate drive board 160 . Motor control board 150 receives a rotation angle signal from motor 300 and an alternating current value from current sensor 140 to generate a drive signal for driving the inverter circuit. The generated drive signal is output to the IGBT module 130 via the gate drive substrate 160 .

モータ制御基板１５０は、電圧保護装置５００、マイコン（制御部）６００を備える。電圧保護装置５００は、保護回路７００と電源回路８００を備える。モータ制御基板１５０には、正極バスバーＢＰと接続される正極端子ＶＰ、および負極バスバーＢＮに接続される負極端子ＶＮが設けられる。 The motor control board 150 includes a voltage protection device 500 and a microcomputer (control section) 600 . The voltage protection device 500 comprises a protection circuit 700 and a power supply circuit 800 . The motor control board 150 is provided with a positive terminal VP connected to the positive bus bar BP and a negative terminal VN connected to the negative bus bar BN.

保護回路７００は、正極端子ＶＰおよび負極端子ＶＮが接続され、保護回路７００は電源回路８００に接続される。保護回路７００は、その詳細は後述するが、正極端子ＶＰおよび負極端子ＶＮ間の電圧が所定値を超えた場合は、電源回路８００への電圧の供給を遮断する。 A positive terminal VP and a negative terminal VN are connected to the protection circuit 700 , and the protection circuit 700 is connected to the power supply circuit 800 . Although the details will be described later, the protection circuit 700 cuts off the voltage supply to the power supply circuit 800 when the voltage between the positive terminal VP and the negative terminal VN exceeds a predetermined value.

電源回路８００には、その詳細は後述するが、通常は正極端子ＶＰおよび負極端子ＶＮに供給されている電圧が保護回路７００を介して供給されている。そして、供給された電圧を基に、１２Ｖのバックアップ用電源を生成し、ダイオードＤ１と電源ＩＣ９００を介してマイコン６００へ供給する。マイコン６００には、１２Ｖのバッテリ電源１７０からもダイオードＤ２と電源ＩＣ９００を介して電源が供給されている。電源回路８００は、１２Ｖのバッテリ電源１７０が消失した場合に、マイコン６００へ電源を供給するために、高電圧の直流電源２００からバックアップ用電源を生成する回路である。 The power supply circuit 800 is supplied via the protection circuit 700 with the voltage that is normally supplied to the positive terminal VP and the negative terminal VN, the details of which will be described later. Based on the supplied voltage, a 12V backup power supply is generated and supplied to the microcomputer 600 via the diode D1 and the power supply IC 900 . Power is also supplied to the microcomputer 600 from the 12V battery power source 170 via the diode D2 and the power source IC 900 . The power supply circuit 800 is a circuit that generates backup power from the high-voltage DC power supply 200 in order to supply power to the microcomputer 600 when the 12V battery power supply 170 is lost.

マイコン６００は、１２Ｖのバックアップ用電源または１２Ｖのバッテリ電源１７０で動作し、モータ３００より入力される回転角度信号や電流センサ１４０から入力される交流電流値に基づいて、インバータ回路を駆動する駆動信号を生成する。 The microcomputer 600 operates with a 12V backup power supply or a 12V battery power supply 170, and generates a drive signal for driving the inverter circuit based on the rotation angle signal input from the motor 300 and the AC current value input from the current sensor 140. to generate

図２は、本実施形態に係る電圧保護装置５００の回路構成図である。
図２に示すように、電圧保護装置５００は、保護回路７００と電源回路８００を備える。保護回路７００は、過電圧から保護対象回路、本実施形態では電源回路８００を保護するための回路である。保護回路７００は、電流遮断素子７１０、電圧降伏素子７２０、インダクタ素子７３０を備える。電流遮断素子７１０は一方を正極端子ＶＰに、他方をインダクタ素子７３０に接続される。電流遮断素子７１０は、所定以上の電流が流れた時に溶断して電流を遮断する。電流遮断素子７１０は、例えばヒューズやジャンパ抵抗などである。 FIG. 2 is a circuit configuration diagram of the voltage protection device 500 according to this embodiment.
As shown in FIG. 2 , the voltage protection device 500 includes a protection circuit 700 and a power supply circuit 800 . The protection circuit 700 is a circuit for protecting a circuit to be protected, which is the power supply circuit 800 in this embodiment, from overvoltage. The protection circuit 700 comprises a current interrupting element 710, a voltage breakdown element 720 and an inductor element 730. FIG. One side of the current interrupting element 710 is connected to the positive terminal VP and the other side is connected to the inductor element 730 . The current interrupting element 710 fuses and interrupts the current when a current exceeding a predetermined level flows. The current interrupting element 710 is, for example, a fuse or a jumper resistor.

電圧降伏素子７２０は、電流遮断素子７１０とインダクタ素子７３０との接続点と負極端子ＶＮとの間に設けられる。換言すれば、電圧降伏素子７２０は、電源回路８００と電気的に並列に、電流遮断素子７１０と電源回路８００との間であって、インダクタ素子７３０を介して接続される。電圧降伏素子７２０は、その両端に所定以上の電圧が印加された時に導通する。電圧降伏素子７２０の降伏電圧は、電源回路８００に入力される通常動作電圧より大きく、かつ、電源回路８００の所定の耐電圧より小さい値である。電圧降伏素子７２０は、例えば、ツェナーダイオード、バリスタ、ＭＯＳＦＥＴなどである。 Voltage breakdown element 720 is provided between the connection point between current interrupting element 710 and inductor element 730 and negative terminal VN. In other words, voltage breakdown element 720 is electrically connected in parallel with power supply circuit 800 between current interrupting element 710 and power supply circuit 800 via inductor element 730 . The voltage breakdown element 720 becomes conductive when a predetermined voltage or more is applied across it. The breakdown voltage of voltage breakdown element 720 is higher than the normal operating voltage input to power supply circuit 800 and lower than the predetermined withstand voltage of power supply circuit 800 . Voltage breakdown element 720 is, for example, a Zener diode, a varistor, a MOSFET, or the like.

インダクタ素子７３０は、電圧降伏素子７２０と電源回路８００との間の経路上に設けられる。インダクタ素子７３０は、後述のスイッチングＩＣ８１０等により発生する伝導ノイズを外部へ放出しないようにするためであり、経路上の電流の変動を抑制する。インダクタ素子７３０は、例えばＥＭＣ（Electromagnetic Compatibility）ビーズ（フェライトビーズ）などである。 Inductor element 730 is provided on a path between voltage breakdown element 720 and power supply circuit 800 . The inductor element 730 is for preventing conduction noise generated by the switching IC 810 and the like, which will be described later, from being emitted to the outside, and suppresses fluctuations in the current on the path. The inductor element 730 is, for example, an EMC (Electromagnetic Compatibility) bead (ferrite bead).

電源回路８００は、スイッチングＩＣ８１０とスイッチング素子８２０と絶縁トランス８３０を備える。スイッチングＩＣ８１０は、絶縁トランス８３０の一次巻線に直列に接続されたスイッチング素子８２０にパルス信号を出力し、絶縁トランス８３０の二次巻線側に電流を誘導する。絶縁トランス８３０の二次巻線側には整流回路８４０が備えられ、１２Ｖの直流電圧が出力される。スイッチングＩＣ８１０は、スイッチング素子８２０に直列に接続された抵抗Ｒ１の両端の電圧をモニタしており、所定の電圧以上の電圧が検出された場合は、スイッチング素子８２０へ出力するパルス信号を停止する。絶縁トランス８３０の一次巻線には、電圧検出回路８５０が設けられており、スイッチングＩＣ８１０は、電圧検出回路８５０の電圧を監視している。 A power supply circuit 800 includes a switching IC 810 , a switching element 820 and an isolation transformer 830 . The switching IC 810 outputs a pulse signal to the switching element 820 connected in series with the primary winding of the isolation transformer 830 to induce current to the secondary winding side of the isolation transformer 830 . A rectifier circuit 840 is provided on the secondary winding side of the isolation transformer 830 and outputs a DC voltage of 12V. The switching IC 810 monitors the voltage across the resistor R1 connected in series with the switching element 820, and stops outputting the pulse signal to the switching element 820 when a voltage equal to or higher than a predetermined voltage is detected. A voltage detection circuit 850 is provided in the primary winding of the isolation transformer 830 , and the switching IC 810 monitors the voltage of the voltage detection circuit 850 .

ここで、保護回路７００を設けなかった場合の問題について説明する。正極バスバーＢＰと負極バスバーＢＮの高電圧ラインには、ＩＧＢＴモジュール１３０以外にも複数の電気回路部品が接続されている。そのため、もし、何れかの電気回路部品が故障し、その影響により、過電圧が正極端子ＶＰと負極端子ＶＮの間に印加される場合がある。この場合には、保護対象回路である電源回路８００のスイッチング素子８２０が印加電圧により故障して導通し、絶縁トランス８３０の二次巻線側にサージが発生する。このため、ＩＧＢＴモジュール１３０内のスイッチング素子ＵＨ、ＶＨ、ＷＨ、ＵＬ、ＶＬ、ＷＬが誤ってＯＮになり、正極と負極の短絡ショートを起こす虞がある。 Here, a problem when the protection circuit 700 is not provided will be described. A plurality of electrical circuit components other than the IGBT module 130 are connected to the high voltage line of the positive bus bar BP and the negative bus bar BN. Therefore, if any of the electrical circuit components fails, it may cause an overvoltage to be applied between the positive terminal VP and the negative terminal VN. In this case, the switching element 820 of the power supply circuit 800 , which is the circuit to be protected, fails due to the applied voltage and becomes conductive, and a surge occurs on the secondary winding side of the isolation transformer 830 . Therefore, there is a risk that the switching elements UH, VH, WH, UL, VL, and WL in the IGBT module 130 are erroneously turned ON, causing a short circuit between the positive electrode and the negative electrode.

本実施形態では保護回路７００を設けることにより、前述の問題を防止する。何らかの原因により、高電圧ライン間にＩＧＢＴモジュール１３０の最大定格電圧を大幅に超えた過電圧（例えば１２００Ｖ）が印加された場合に、電圧降伏素子７２０の降伏電圧(例えば８００Ｖ)を超えるため、電圧降伏素子７２０が導通する。電圧降伏素子７２０の降伏電圧は、スイッチング素子８２０の耐電圧より小さい値である。電圧降伏素子７２０の導通により、正極端子ＶＰと負極端子ＶＮの間に過電流が流れ、電流遮断素子７１０が溶断する。なお、電圧降伏素子７２０と直流電源（正極端子ＶＰ、負極端子ＶＮ）との間の経路Ｌ１上におけるインピーダンスと、電圧降伏素子７２０と保護対象回路との間の経路Ｌ２上におけるインピーダンスの影響については後述する。 In this embodiment, the protection circuit 700 is provided to prevent the aforementioned problem. When an overvoltage (e.g., 1200 V) significantly exceeding the maximum rated voltage of the IGBT module 130 is applied between the high voltage lines for some reason, the breakdown voltage (e.g., 800 V) of the voltage breakdown element 720 is exceeded. Element 720 conducts. The breakdown voltage of voltage breakdown element 720 is a value smaller than the withstand voltage of switching element 820 . Due to the conduction of the voltage breakdown element 720, an overcurrent flows between the positive terminal VP and the negative terminal VN, and the current interrupting element 710 melts. Regarding the influence of the impedance on the path L1 between the voltage breakdown element 720 and the DC power supply (positive terminal VP, negative terminal VN) and the impedance on the path L2 between the voltage breakdown element 720 and the circuit to be protected, will be described later.

図３は、電圧降伏素子７２０と保護対象回路の耐電圧との関係を示すグラフである。横軸は温度であり、縦軸は電圧である。
図３のグラフａは電圧降伏素子７２０の降伏電圧の温度に対する推移を表し、グラフｂは保護対象回路である電源回路８００のスイッチング素子８２０の温度に対する耐電圧の推移を表わす。スイッチング素子８２０は、ＭＯＳ－ＦＥＴとボディダイオードよりなる。 FIG. 3 is a graph showing the relationship between the voltage breakdown element 720 and the withstand voltage of the circuit to be protected. The horizontal axis is temperature and the vertical axis is voltage.
Graph a in FIG. 3 represents the transition of the breakdown voltage of the voltage breakdown element 720 with respect to temperature, and graph b represents the transition of the withstand voltage with respect to the temperature of the switching element 820 of the power supply circuit 800, which is the circuit to be protected. The switching element 820 consists of a MOS-FET and a body diode.

図３のグラフａ、グラフｂに示すように、電圧降伏素子７２０の降伏電圧は、温度範囲－４０℃～１２０℃において、電源回路８００のスイッチング素子８２０の耐電圧より低い。したがって、高電圧ライン間に過電圧が印加された場合に、保護対象回路よりも先に電圧降伏素子７２０がなだれ降伏を起こして急激に電流が流れる。そして、高電圧ライン間は短絡して、電流遮断素子７１０が溶断する。その結果、保護対象回路である電源回路８００に過電圧が印加されず、電流が流れ込まないため、電源回路８００が保護される。 As shown in graphs a and b of FIG. 3, the breakdown voltage of the voltage breakdown element 720 is lower than the withstand voltage of the switching element 820 of the power supply circuit 800 in the temperature range of -40°C to 120°C. Therefore, when an overvoltage is applied between the high voltage lines, the voltage breakdown element 720 causes an avalanche breakdown before the circuit to be protected, causing a rapid current flow. Then, the high-voltage lines are short-circuited, and the current interrupting element 710 is fused. As a result, no overvoltage is applied to the power supply circuit 800, which is the circuit to be protected, and no current flows into the power supply circuit 800, so that the power supply circuit 800 is protected.

図４は電流遮断素子７１０の一例を示す図である。
図４に示すように、電流遮断素子７１０の両端にランド７１１が形成され、各ランド７１１はパターン７１２へ接続されている。電流遮断素子７１０の端子間距離は３．２ｍｍであり、ランド７１１間距離は１．６５ｍｍである。すなわち、電流遮断素子７１０は、所定値以上の電流が流れた場合に溶断することで電流を遮断する抵抗素子であり、抵抗素子は３２１６サイズである。そして、電流遮断素子７１０は、溶断された場合に溶断箇所が所定以上の絶縁距離、例えば絶縁距離１．６５ｍｍが形成される。電流遮断素子７１０は、電流遮断素子７１０の溶断後も、印加される過電圧に対する絶縁距離を確保しているため、過電圧が印加されても、再通電を防ぐ事ができる。 FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of the current interrupting element 710. As shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 4, lands 711 are formed at both ends of the current interrupting element 710 and each land 711 is connected to a pattern 712 . The distance between the terminals of the current interrupting element 710 is 3.2 mm, and the distance between the lands 711 is 1.65 mm. That is, the current interrupting element 710 is a resistive element that cuts off the current by fusing when a current of a predetermined value or more flows, and the resistive element is of 3216 size. When the current interrupting element 710 is fused, the fused portion is formed with an insulation distance equal to or greater than a predetermined insulation distance, for example, an insulation distance of 1.65 mm. Since the current interrupting element 710 secures an insulation distance against the applied overvoltage even after the current interrupting element 710 is fused, it is possible to prevent re-energization even if the overvoltage is applied.

図５は、比較例に係る電圧保護装置５００’の回路構成図である。この比較例は、電圧降伏素子７２０と直流電源（正極端子ＶＰ、負極端子ＶＮ）との間の経路Ｌ１上におけるインピーダンスの影響を説明するためのものである。図２に示した本実施形態に係る電圧保護装置５００と同一の個所には同一の符号を附してその説明を省略する。図５では、インダクタ素子７３０’の配置位置が図２とは異なる。 FIG. 5 is a circuit configuration diagram of a voltage protection device 500' according to a comparative example. This comparative example is for explaining the effect of impedance on the path L1 between the voltage breakdown element 720 and the DC power supply (positive terminal VP, negative terminal VN). The same parts as those of the voltage protection device 500 according to this embodiment shown in FIG. In FIG. 5, the placement position of inductor element 730' is different from that in FIG.

図５に示す比較例では、保護回路７００’のインダクタ素子７３０’は、電圧降伏素子７２０との接続点と電流遮断素子７１０との間に配置される。換言すれば、インダクタ素子７３０’と保護対象回路である電源回路８００の間に電圧降伏素子７２０を設ける。 In the comparative example shown in FIG. 5 , inductor element 730 ′ of protection circuit 700 ′ is arranged between the connection point with voltage breakdown element 720 and current interrupting element 710 . In other words, the voltage breakdown element 720 is provided between the inductor element 730' and the power supply circuit 800, which is the circuit to be protected.

ＥＭＣ（Electromagnetic Compatibility）対策等では、インダクタ素子７３０’は、可能な限り正極端子ＶＰ、負極端子ＶＮの近くに配置して、ノイズが回路側に侵入する、または回路側から流出するのを防止することが望ましい。したがって、一般的には、インダクタ素子７３０’は、この比較例に示すように配置される。 In EMC (Electromagnetic Compatibility) measures, etc., the inductor element 730' is arranged as close to the positive terminal VP and the negative terminal VN as possible to prevent noise from entering or flowing out from the circuit side. is desirable. Therefore, inductor element 730' is generally arranged as shown in this comparative example.

インダクタ素子７３０’と電源回路８００の間に電圧降伏素子７２０を設けた場合、電圧降伏素子７２０が導通した瞬間、周波数(約４８ＭＨｚ)成分の影響により、インダクタ素子７３０’のインピーダンスが上昇(約１２００Ω)し、電流遮断素子７１０を溶断するのに必要な電流が流れなくなる虞がある。 When the voltage breakdown element 720 is provided between the inductor element 730' and the power supply circuit 800, the impedance of the inductor element 730' rises (approximately 1200 Ω ), and there is a possibility that the current required to melt the current interrupting element 710 will not flow.

図６Ａ、図６Ｂは、比較例において、電圧降伏素子７２０が降伏する推移を示すグラフである。図６Ｂは、図６Ａのα部の拡大図である。図６Ａ、図６Ｂの横軸は時間、縦軸は電圧である。 6A and 6B are graphs showing transition of breakdown of the voltage breakdown element 720 in the comparative example. FIG. 6B is an enlarged view of the α portion of FIG. 6A. 6A and 6B, the horizontal axis is time, and the vertical axis is voltage.

図５に示す比較例に係る電圧保護装置５００’において、図６Ａに示すように、時間ｔ１で過電圧の印加が開始されたとする。正極端子ＶＰと負極端子ＶＮとの間の電圧は急激に上昇し、時刻ｔ２において、電圧降伏素子７２０が導通する。その後、正極端子ＶＰと負極端子ＶＮとの間には印加された電圧が掛かっている。図６Ａのα部の拡大図である図６Ｂに示すように、電圧降伏素子７２０が導通する過程において、周波数成分ｆが発生する。この周波数成分ｆは、インダクタ素子７３０’に作用し、インダクタ素子７３０’のインピーダンスが上昇(約１２００Ω)する。その結果、電流遮断素子７１０を溶断するために必要な電流が流れなくなる虞がある。 Assume that in the voltage protection device 500' according to the comparative example shown in FIG. 5, the application of the overvoltage is started at time t1 as shown in FIG. 6A. The voltage between the positive terminal VP and the negative terminal VN abruptly rises, and the voltage breakdown element 720 becomes conductive at time t2. After that, the applied voltage is applied between the positive terminal VP and the negative terminal VN. As shown in FIG. 6B, which is an enlarged view of the α portion of FIG. 6A, a frequency component f is generated in the course of the voltage breakdown element 720 becoming conductive. This frequency component f acts on the inductor element 730', increasing the impedance of the inductor element 730' (approximately 1200Ω). As a result, there is a possibility that the current required to melt the current interrupting element 710 will not flow.

これに対して、本実施形態では、図２に示すように、ノイズを防止するためのインダクタ素子７３０を電圧降伏素子７２０と保護対象回路である電源回路８００との間に設ける。これにより、電圧降伏素子７２０が導通する過程において、発生する周波数成分ｆの影響を少なくして、電流遮断素子７１０を確実に溶断することにより、保護対象回路である電源回路８００を保護することができる。さらに、インダクタ素子７３０によりＥＭＣ（Electromagnetic Compatibility）対策を施し、ノイズを防止することができる。 In contrast, in this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2, an inductor element 730 for preventing noise is provided between the voltage breakdown element 720 and the power supply circuit 800, which is the circuit to be protected. As a result, the power supply circuit 800, which is the circuit to be protected, can be protected by reducing the influence of the frequency component f generated in the process of making the voltage breakdown element 720 conductive, and by reliably fusing the current interrupting element 710. can. Furthermore, EMC (Electromagnetic Compatibility) measures can be taken by the inductor element 730 to prevent noise.

図２に示す例では、インダクタ素子７３０は、電圧降伏素子７２０と電源回路８００との間の経路上に設けた例で説明した。しかし、インダクタ素子７３０は、必ずしも設ける必要はない。 In the example shown in FIG. 2, the inductor element 730 is provided on the path between the voltage breakdown element 720 and the power supply circuit 800 . However, inductor element 730 does not necessarily have to be provided.

インダクタ素子７３０を、設けない場合であっても、電圧降伏素子７２０と直流電源（正極端子ＶＰ、負極端子ＶＮ）との間の経路Ｌ１上におけるインピーダンスを、電圧降伏素子７２０と保護対象回路である電源回路８００との間の経路Ｌ２上におけるインピーダンスよりも小さくする。具体的には、例えば、電圧降伏素子７２０と正極端子ＶＰ、および電圧降伏素子７２０と負極端子ＶＮとの間の経路Ｌ１上の長さを、電圧降伏素子７２０と電源回路８００との間の経路Ｌ２上の長さよりも短くする。これにより、経路Ｌ１上におけるインピーダンスの影響を少なくして、電流遮断素子７１０を確実に溶断することにより、保護対象回路である電源回路８００を保護することができる。 Even if the inductor element 730 is not provided, the impedance on the path L1 between the voltage breakdown element 720 and the DC power supply (positive terminal VP, negative terminal VN) is the voltage breakdown element 720 and the circuit to be protected. It is made smaller than the impedance on the path L2 between the power supply circuit 800 and the power supply circuit 800 . Specifically, for example, the length of the path L1 between the voltage breakdown element 720 and the positive terminal VP, and between the voltage breakdown element 720 and the negative terminal VN, is set to the path between the voltage breakdown element 720 and the power supply circuit 800. Make it shorter than the length on L2. As a result, the power supply circuit 800, which is the circuit to be protected, can be protected by reliably fusing the current interrupting element 710 while reducing the influence of the impedance on the path L1.

なお、電圧降伏素子７２０と直流電源（正極端子ＶＰ、負極端子ＶＮ）との間の経路Ｌ１上におけるインピーダンスを、電圧降伏素子７２０と保護対象回路との間の経路Ｌ２上におけるインピーダンスよりも小さくして、且つ、電圧降伏素子７２０と保護対象回路との間の経路上にインダクタ素子７３０を設けてもよい。これにより、経路Ｌ１上におけるインピーダンスの影響をより少なくして、電流遮断素子７１０をより確実に溶断することにより、保護対象回路を保護することができる。 The impedance on the path L1 between the voltage breakdown element 720 and the DC power supply (positive terminal VP, negative terminal VN) is made smaller than the impedance on the path L2 between the voltage breakdown element 720 and the circuit to be protected. and an inductor element 730 may be provided on the path between the voltage breakdown element 720 and the circuit to be protected. As a result, the circuit to be protected can be protected by reducing the influence of the impedance on the path L1 and blowing off the current interrupting element 710 more reliably.

以上説明した実施形態によれば、次の作用効果が得られる。
（１）電圧保護装置５００は、直流電源２００からの直流電力が供給される電源回路８００と、直流電源２００と電源回路８００との間に配置され、電源回路８００を過電圧から保護する保護回路７００と、を備える。保護回路７００は、所定以上の電流が流れた時に溶断して電流を遮断する電流遮断素子７１０と、電源回路８００と電気的に並列に電流遮断素子７１０と電源回路８００との間に接続され、所定以上の電圧が印加された時に導通する電圧降伏素子７２０と、を備え、電圧降伏素子７２０の降伏電圧は、電源回路８００に入力される通常動作電圧より大きく、かつ、電源回路８００の所定の耐電圧より小さい値であり、電圧降伏素子７２０と直流電源２００との間の経路上におけるインピーダンスは、電圧降伏素子７２０と電源回路８００との間の経路上におけるインピーダンスよりも小さい。これにより、電流遮断素子７１０を確実に溶断して、電流を遮断することにより電源回路８００を保護することができる。 According to the embodiment described above, the following effects are obtained.
(1) The voltage protection device 500 is a power supply circuit 800 to which DC power is supplied from the DC power supply 200, and a protection circuit 700 which is arranged between the DC power supply 200 and the power supply circuit 800 to protect the power supply circuit 800 from overvoltage. And prepare. The protection circuit 700 is electrically connected in parallel with a current interrupting element 710 that fuses and cuts off the current when a current exceeding a predetermined value flows, and is connected between the current interrupting element 710 and the power supply circuit 800, and a voltage breakdown element 720 that becomes conductive when a voltage higher than a predetermined voltage is applied. It is smaller than the withstand voltage, and the impedance on the path between voltage breakdown element 720 and DC power supply 200 is smaller than the impedance on the path between voltage breakdown element 720 and power supply circuit 800 . As a result, the current interrupting element 710 can be reliably fused and the power supply circuit 800 can be protected by interrupting the current.

（２）電圧保護装置５００は、直流電源２００からの直流電力が供給される電源回路８００と、直流電源２００と電源回路８００との間に配置され、電源回路８００を過電圧から保護する保護回路７００と、を備える。保護回路７００は、所定以上の電流が流れた時に溶断して電流を遮断する電流遮断素子７１０と、電源回路８００と電気的に並列に電流遮断素子７１０と電源回路８００との間に接続され、所定以上の電圧が印加された時に導通する電圧降伏素子７２０と、を備え、電圧降伏素子７２０の降伏電圧は、電源回路８００に入力される通常動作電圧より大きく、かつ、電源回路８００の所定の耐電圧より小さい値であり、電圧降伏素子７２０と電源回路８００との間の経路上に、電流の変動を抑制するインダクタ素子７３０を備えた。これにより、電流遮断素子７１０を確実に溶断して、電流を遮断することにより電源回路８００を保護することができる。 (2) The voltage protection device 500 is a power supply circuit 800 to which DC power is supplied from the DC power supply 200, and a protection circuit 700 which is arranged between the DC power supply 200 and the power supply circuit 800 to protect the power supply circuit 800 from overvoltage. And prepare. The protection circuit 700 is electrically connected in parallel with a current interrupting element 710 that fuses and cuts off the current when a current exceeding a predetermined value flows, and is connected between the current interrupting element 710 and the power supply circuit 800, and a voltage breakdown element 720 that becomes conductive when a voltage higher than a predetermined voltage is applied. An inductor element 730 having a value smaller than the withstand voltage and suppressing current fluctuation is provided on the path between the voltage breakdown element 720 and the power supply circuit 800 . As a result, the current interrupting element 710 can be reliably fused and the power supply circuit 800 can be protected by interrupting the current.

本発明は、上記の実施形態に限定されるものではなく、本発明の特徴を損なわない限り、本発明の技術思想の範囲内で考えられるその他の形態についても、本発明の範囲内に含まれる。 The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and other forms conceivable within the scope of the technical idea of the present invention are also included in the scope of the present invention as long as the features of the present invention are not impaired. .

１００・・・電力変換装置、１１０・・・Ｙキャパシタ、１２０・・・平滑キャパシタ、１３０・・・ＩＧＢＴモジュール、１４０・・・電流センサ、１５０・・・モータ制御基板、１６０・・・ゲートドライブ基板、１７０・・・バッテリ電源、２００・・・直流電源、３００・・・モータ、５００・・・電圧保護装置、６００・・・マイコン、７００・・・保護回路、７１０・・・電流遮断素子、７１１・・・ランド、７１２・・・パターン、７２０・・・電圧降伏素子、７３０・・・インダクタ素子、８００・・・電源回路、８１０・・・スイッチングＩＣ、８２０・・・スイッチング素子、８３０・・・絶縁トランス、８４０・・・整流回路、８５０・・・電圧検出回路、ＢＰ・・・正極バスバー、ＢＮ・・・負極バスバー、ＶＰ・・・正極端子、ＶＮ・・・負極端子、ＵＨ、ＶＨ、ＷＨ、ＵＬ、ＶＬ、ＷＬ・・・スイッチング素子、９００・・・電源ＩＣ。 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 100... Power converter, 110... Y capacitor, 120... Smoothing capacitor, 130... IGBT module, 140... Current sensor, 150... Motor control board, 160... Gate drive Substrate 170 Battery power supply 200 DC power supply 300 Motor 500 Voltage protection device 600 Microcomputer 700 Protection circuit 710 Current interrupting element , 711... land, 712... pattern, 720... voltage breakdown element, 730... inductor element, 800... power supply circuit, 810... switching IC, 820... switching element, 830 Insulation transformer 840 Rectifier circuit 850 Voltage detection circuit BP Positive busbar BN Negative busbar VP Positive terminal VN Negative terminal UH , VH, WH, UL, VL, WL... switching elements, 900... power supply IC.

Claims (9)

直流電源からの直流電力が供給される保護対象回路と、
前記直流電源と前記保護対象回路との間に配置され、前記保護対象回路を過電圧から保護する保護回路と、を備える電圧保護装置であって、
前記保護回路は、所定以上の電流が流れた時に溶断して電流を遮断する電流遮断素子と、前記保護対象回路と電気的に並列に前記電流遮断素子と前記保護対象回路との間に接続され、所定以上の電圧が印加された時に導通する電圧降伏素子と、を備え、
前記電圧降伏素子の降伏電圧は、前記保護対象回路に入力される通常動作電圧より大きく、かつ、前記保護対象回路の所定の耐電圧より小さい値であり、
前記電圧降伏素子と前記直流電源との間の経路上におけるインピーダンスは、前記電圧降伏素子と前記保護対象回路との間の経路上におけるインピーダンスよりも小さい電圧保護装置。 a circuit to be protected to which DC power is supplied from a DC power supply;
a protection circuit disposed between the DC power supply and the circuit to be protected and protecting the circuit to be protected from overvoltage,
The protection circuit includes a current interrupting element that fuses to interrupt the current when a current exceeding a predetermined level flows, and is electrically connected in parallel with the circuit to be protected between the current interrupting element and the circuit to be protected. , and a voltage breakdown element that conducts when a predetermined voltage or more is applied,
The breakdown voltage of the voltage breakdown element is a value greater than a normal operating voltage input to the circuit to be protected and less than a predetermined withstand voltage of the circuit to be protected,
A voltage protection device in which impedance on a path between the voltage breakdown element and the DC power supply is smaller than impedance on a path between the voltage breakdown element and the circuit to be protected. 請求項１記載の電圧保護装置において、
前記保護回路には、前記直流電源から正極端子、負極端子を経て前記直流電力が供給され、
前記電圧降伏素子と前記正極端子、および前記電圧降伏素子と前記負極端子との間の経路上の長さは、前記電圧降伏素子と前記保護対象回路との間の経路上の長さよりも短い電圧保護装置。 The voltage protection device of claim 1, wherein
The protection circuit is supplied with the DC power from the DC power supply through a positive terminal and a negative terminal,
The length of the path between the voltage breakdown element and the positive terminal and the voltage breakdown element and the negative terminal are shorter than the length of the path between the voltage breakdown element and the circuit to be protected. protector. 請求項１に記載の電圧保護装置において、
前記電圧降伏素子と前記保護対象回路との間の経路上に、電流の変動を抑制するインダクタ素子を備えた電圧保護装置。 The voltage protection device of claim 1, wherein
A voltage protection device comprising an inductor element that suppresses current fluctuation on a path between the voltage breakdown element and the circuit to be protected. 請求項１から請求項３までのいずれか一項に記載の電圧保護装置において、
前記電流遮断素子は、所定値以上の電流が流れた場合に溶断することで電流を遮断する抵抗素子であり、
前記抵抗素子は、溶断された場合に溶断箇所が所定以上の絶縁距離を形成する電圧保護装置。 In the voltage protection device according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
The current interrupting element is a resistance element that cuts off the current by fusing when a current of a predetermined value or more flows,
A voltage protection device in which, when the resistance element is fused, a fused portion forms an insulation distance of a predetermined length or more. 請求項１から請求項３までのいずれか一項に記載の電圧保護装置において、
前記保護対象回路は、電源を供給する電源回路であり、
前記電源回路は、絶縁トランスと、前記絶縁トランスの一次巻線に直列に接続されるスイッチング素子と、を有し、
前記電圧降伏素子の降伏電圧は、前記スイッチング素子の耐電圧より小さい値である電圧保護装置。 In the voltage protection device according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
The circuit to be protected is a power supply circuit that supplies power,
The power supply circuit has an isolation transformer and a switching element connected in series to a primary winding of the isolation transformer,
The voltage protection device, wherein the breakdown voltage of the voltage breakdown element is lower than the withstand voltage of the switching element. 請求項５に記載の電圧保護装置において、
前記電源回路は、前記直流電源より供給される前記直流電力を交流電力に変換する電力変換装置の制御部へ電源を供給する電圧保護装置。 A voltage protection device according to claim 5, wherein
The power supply circuit is a voltage protection device that supplies power to a control unit of a power conversion device that converts the DC power supplied from the DC power supply into AC power. 直流電源からの直流電力が供給される保護対象回路と、
前記直流電源と前記保護対象回路との間に配置され、前記保護対象回路を過電圧から保護する保護回路と、を備える電圧保護装置であって、
前記保護回路は、所定以上の電流が流れた時に溶断して電流を遮断する電流遮断素子と、前記保護対象回路と電気的に並列に前記電流遮断素子と前記保護対象回路との間に接続され、所定以上の電圧が印加された時に導通する電圧降伏素子と、を備え、
前記電圧降伏素子の降伏電圧は、前記保護対象回路に入力される通常動作電圧より大きく、かつ、前記保護対象回路の所定の耐電圧より小さい値であり、
前記電圧降伏素子と前記保護対象回路との間の経路上に、電流の変動を抑制するインダクタ素子を備えた電圧保護装置。 a circuit to be protected to which DC power is supplied from a DC power supply;
a protection circuit disposed between the DC power supply and the circuit to be protected and protecting the circuit to be protected from overvoltage,
The protection circuit includes a current interrupting element that fuses to interrupt the current when a current exceeding a predetermined level flows, and is electrically connected in parallel with the circuit to be protected between the current interrupting element and the circuit to be protected. , and a voltage breakdown element that conducts when a predetermined voltage or more is applied,
The breakdown voltage of the voltage breakdown element is a value greater than a normal operating voltage input to the circuit to be protected and less than a predetermined withstand voltage of the circuit to be protected,
A voltage protection device comprising an inductor element that suppresses current fluctuation on a path between the voltage breakdown element and the circuit to be protected. 請求項７に記載の電圧保護装置において、
前記保護対象回路は、前記直流電源より供給される直流電力を交流電力に変換する電力変換装置の制御部へ電源を供給する電源回路であり、
前記電源回路は、絶縁トランスと、前記絶縁トランスの一次巻線に直列に接続されるスイッチング素子と、を有し、
前記電圧降伏素子の降伏電圧は、前記スイッチング素子の耐電圧より小さい値である電圧保護装置。 A voltage protection device according to claim 7, wherein
The circuit to be protected is a power supply circuit that supplies power to a control unit of a power converter that converts DC power supplied from the DC power supply into AC power,
The power supply circuit has an isolation transformer and a switching element connected in series to a primary winding of the isolation transformer,
The voltage protection device, wherein the breakdown voltage of the voltage breakdown element is lower than the withstand voltage of the switching element. 請求項１または請求項７に記載の電圧保護装置と、
スイッチング素子により構成されるインバータ回路と、
前記インバータ回路を駆動する駆動信号を生成する制御部とを備え、
前記保護対象回路は、前記制御部へ電源を供給する電源回路であり、
前記直流電源より供給される直流電力を前記インバータ回路により交流電力に変換する電力変換装置。 A voltage protection device according to claim 1 or claim 7;
an inverter circuit composed of switching elements;
A control unit that generates a drive signal for driving the inverter circuit,
The circuit to be protected is a power supply circuit that supplies power to the control unit,
A power converter for converting DC power supplied from the DC power supply into AC power by the inverter circuit.
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