JP2022552414A - 感知および/または認証のための発光イメージング - Google Patents
感知および/または認証のための発光イメージング Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
本出願は、米国特許法第119条第(e)項に基づき、その内容の全体があらゆる目的で参照により本明細書に組み込まれる、「LUMINESCENCE IMAGING FOR SENSING AND/OR AUTHENTICATION」と題する2019年10月17日出願の米国仮特許出願第62/916,331号の優先権を主張する。
本明細書に記載される実施形態は、一般に発光イメージングを使用した感知および/または認証に関する。
感知技術は、安全性、セキュリティ、プロセス監視、および空気品質管理などの多種多様な用途で使用されている。しかし、多くのセンサーは、複雑な製造プロセス、低い感度、および/または検出の誤表示によって制限される。したがって、そのようなセンサーの応用は、多くの場合限定的である。
感知および/または認証のための発光イメージングのための物品、システムおよび方法が一般に開示される。
イメージングを使用した感知および/または認証のための組成物、物品、システムおよび方法が一般に提供される。これらと関連して、1つまたは複数の放射種の画像(または一連の画像)を取得することができ、画像形成または操作の時間依存性を利用して、画像形成/取得の時間枠で種に関する情報を決定および識別することができる。
k放射性+k非放射性=1/固有放射寿命
によって表されるように、固有の放射性および非放射性減衰速度によって決定できる固有放射寿命を有する。
k放射性+k非放射性+k消光=1/観察される放射寿命
に従って計算されてもよい。
さらなる例示的な実施形態
本明細書および特許請求の範囲で使用される不定冠詞「a」および「an」は、それとは反対のことが明確に指示されない限り、「少なくとも1つ」を意味すると理解されるべきである。
Claims (73)
- 放射種が放射期間中に検出可能な非定常状態の放射を生成するように、前記放射種を励起させるように構成された励起構成要素であって、前記放射期間が少なくとも10ナノ秒である、励起構成要素、
前記検出可能な非定常状態の放射の少なくとも一部を検出するように構成された画像センサー、ならびに
前記放射期間の第1の部分に対応する第1の部分、および前記放射期間の第2の部分に対応する第2の部分を含む単一の画像を生成するように構成された電子ハードウェア構成要素
を含む、システム。 - 前記単一の画像が前記放射期間の第3の部分に対応する第3の部分をさらに含む、先行する請求項のいずれかに記載のシステム。
- 前記単一の画像が前記放射期間の複数の他の部分に対応する後続の部分をさらに含む、先行する請求項のいずれかに記載のシステム。
- 前記放射期間の前記第1の部分が前記放射期間の前記第2の部分とは異なる、先行する請求項のいずれかに記載のシステム。
- 前記放射期間の前記第1の部分が、前記放射期間の前記第2の部分と少なくとも部分的に重複する、先行する請求項のいずれかに記載のシステム。
- 放射種を非定常状態の電磁線に曝露するように構成された励起構成要素、
前記放射種によって放射された電磁線の少なくとも一部を検出するように構成された画像センサー、ならびに
少なくとも第1の時点での前記放射種による電磁線の放射に対応する少なくとも第1の画像部分、および少なくとも第2の時点での前記放射種による電磁線の放射に対応する第2の画像部分を含む単一の画像を生成するように構成された電子ハードウェア構成要素
を含む、システム。 - 前記電子ハードウェア構成要素が、
a.2つより多くのそれぞれの時点での、前記放射種による電磁線の放射に対応する2つより多くの画像部分を含む前記単一の画像を生成する、ならびに/または
b.少なくとも第1の時点での前記放射種による電磁線の放射に対応する少なくとも第1の画像部分、および少なくとも第2の時点での前記放射種による電磁線の放射に対応する第2の画像部分をそれぞれ含む、複数の画像を生成する
ように構成されている、先行する請求項のいずれかに記載のシステム。 - 物品の特徴を識別するように構成されたシステムであって、
前記物品に関連付けられた化学タグであり、前記化学タグが放射種を含み、前記放射種が、条件のセット下で放射期間中に検出可能な非定常状態の放射を生成し、前記放射期間が少なくとも10ナノ秒である、化学タグ、
画像取り込み期間にわたって変化する前記検出可能な非定常状態の放射が生成されるように、前記条件のセット下で前記放射種を励起させるように構成された励起構成要素、
前記検出可能な非定常状態の放射を検出するように構成された画像センサー、および
前記検出可能な放射を単一の画像に変換するように構成された電子ハードウェア構成要素
を含み、
前記単一の画像が、前記放射期間の第1の部分に対応する第1の部分、および前記放射期間の第2の部分に対応する第2の部分を含み、
前記第1の部分の特性と前記第2の部分の特性との差が前記物品の特徴に関連付けられる、システム。 - 前記単一の画像が、前記放射期間の複数の他の部分に対応する後続の部分をさらに含む、先行する請求項のいずれかに記載のシステム。
- 化学タグの特徴を識別するように構成されたシステムであって、
物品に関連付けられた化学タグであり、前記化学タグが放射種を含み、前記放射種が、条件のセット下で放射期間中に検出可能な非定常状態の放射を生成し、前記放射期間が少なくとも10ナノ秒である、化学タグ、
画像取り込み期間にわたって変化する前記検出可能な非定常状態の放射が生成されるように、前記条件のセット下で前記放射種を励起させるように構成された励起構成要素、
前記検出可能な非定常状態の放射を検出するように構成された画像センサー、および
検出された放射を単一の画像に変換するように構成された電子ハードウェア構成要素
を含み、
前記単一の画像が、前記放射期間の第1の部分に対応する第1の部分、および前記放射期間の第2の部分に対応する第2の部分を含み、
前記第1の部分の特性と前記第2の部分の特性との差が前記化学タグの特徴に関連付けられる、システム。 - 前記検出可能な放射の少なくとも1つの特徴が、前記画像取り込み期間にわたって変化する、先行する請求項のいずれかに記載のシステム。
- 前記放射種が化学および/または生物種である、先行する請求項のいずれかに記載のシステム。
- 前記化学タグが複数の放射種を含む、先行する請求項のいずれかに記載のシステム。
- 前記励起構成要素が複数の放射種を励起させるように構成されている、先行する請求項のいずれかに記載のシステム。
- 前記複数の放射種のうち少なくとも2種の放射種が化学および/または生物種である、先行する請求項のいずれかに記載のシステム。
- 前記励起構成要素が電磁線の発生源を含む、先行する請求項のいずれかに記載のシステム。
- 前記放射種を励起させるための前記電磁線の発生源が、実質的に白色の光を放射するように構成されている、先行する請求項のいずれかに記載のシステム。
- 前記電磁線の発生源が、LED、OLED、蛍光灯、および/または白熱電球を含む、先行する請求項のいずれかに記載のシステム。
- 前記電磁線の発生源がフラッシュランプを含む、先行する請求項のいずれかに記載のシステム。
- 前記励起構成要素が、光学シャッター、光弁、光学変調器、動的屈折材料、前記電磁線を周期的に遮蔽する回転要素、および/または可動ミラーを含む、先行する請求項のいずれかに記載のシステム。
- 前記励起構成要素が、電気的、機械的、化学的、粒子または熱的刺激によって前記放射種を励起させるように構成されている、先行する請求項のいずれかに記載のシステム。
- 前記励起構成要素および画像センサーが単一の構成要素に統合されている、先行する請求項のいずれかに記載のシステム。
- 前記励起構成要素および画像センサーが別個である、先行する請求項のいずれかに記載のシステム。
- 前記画像センサーが、CMOSセンサー、電荷結合素子または光ダイオードを含む、先行する請求項のいずれかに記載のシステム。
- 前記画像センサーがローリングシャッター機構に関連付けられる、先行する請求項のいずれかに記載のシステム。
- 前記画像センサーがスマートフォンに組み込まれる、先行する請求項のいずれかに記載のシステム。
- 前記放射種が、1種または複数種の熱活性化遅延蛍光(TADF)分子または分子複合体を含む、先行する請求項のいずれかに記載のシステム。
- 前記放射種が無機蛍光体を含む、先行する請求項のいずれかに記載のシステム。
- 前記放射種が、臭素、ヨウ素、硫黄、セレン、テルル化物、リン、スズ、鉛、水銀および/またはカドミウムを含む、先行する請求項のいずれかに記載のシステム。
- 前記放射種が、ビスマス、レニウム、イリジウム、白金、金または銅を含む、先行する請求項のいずれかに記載のシステム。
- 前記放射種がランタニドまたはアクチニドを含む、先行する請求項のいずれかに記載のシステム。
- 前記放射種が、丸剤、カプセル、または製品の包装に関連付けられる、先行する請求項のいずれかに記載のシステム。
- 前記物品がコーティングを含み、前記コーティングが前記放射種を含む、先行する請求項のいずれかに記載のシステム。
- 前記物品および/または化学タグの前記特徴が、化学剤、生物剤、爆発物、毒性化学物質、重金属、麻薬、生体異物および/または放射線源の存在に関連付けられる、先行する請求項のいずれかに記載のシステム。
- 前記物品の前記特徴が、前記物品の真正性である、先行する請求項のいずれかに記載のシステム。
- 第2の化学タグをさらに含む、先行する請求項のいずれかに記載のシステム。
- 前記システムが、第2の識別可能な構成要素を含む、先行する請求項のいずれかに記載のシステム。
- 前記第2の識別可能な構成要素が、光学バーコード、ホログラム、透かし、RFID、不可視インク、色素、比色マーカー、蛍光マーカー、ナノ粒子、ナノロッド、量子ドット、抗体、タンパク質、核酸、またはこれらの組合せを含む、先行する請求項のいずれかに記載のシステム。
- 前記放射種が、ポイントオブケア、現場または在宅の診断キットまたは方法に関連付けられる、先行する請求項のいずれかに記載のシステム。
- 1つまたは複数の構成要素が、前記放射種の励起および/または前記検出可能な放射の検出のための指示を提供する構成要素と無線通信状態にある、先行する請求項のいずれかに記載のシステム。
- 一定期間にわたる放射種の変化を識別するための方法であって、
前記種が放射期間中に検出可能な非定常状態の放射を生成するように前記種を励起させるステップであって、前記放射期間が少なくとも10ナノ秒であるステップ、
画像センサーを使用して、前記検出可能な非定常状態の放射の少なくとも一部の単一の画像を取得するステップであって、
前記単一の画像の第1の部分が、前記放射期間の第1の部分に対応し、
前記単一の画像の第2の部分が、前記放射期間の第2の部分に対応するステップ、および
前記単一の画像の前記第1の部分と前記第2の部分との差に基づき、前記種の前記変化を決定するステップ
を含む、方法。 - 一定期間にわたる放射種の変化を識別するための方法であって、
前記種に、放射期間中に非定常状態の電磁線を放射させるステップ、
画像センサーを使用して、前記放射種によって放射された前記電磁線の少なくとも一部の単一の画像を取得するステップ、
少なくとも第1の時点における前記放射種による電磁線の放射に対応する第1の画像部分からの情報を識別するステップ、
少なくとも第2の時点における前記放射種による電磁線の放射に対応する第2の画像部分からの情報を識別するステップ、ならびに
少なくとも前記第1の画像部分からの前記情報、および前記第2の画像部分からの前記情報から、前記放射種の前記変化を決定するステップ
を含む、方法。 - 2つより多くの時点での、前記放射種による電磁線の放射に対応する前記単一の画像の2つより多くの画像部分からの情報を識別するステップ、ならびに/または
各画像が前記放射種によって放射される前記電磁線の少なくとも一部である複数の画像を取得し、各画像について、少なくとも第1の時点での前記放射種による電磁線の放射に対応する第1の画像部分からの情報を識別し、少なくとも第2の時点での前記放射種による電磁線の放射に対応する第2の画像部分からの情報を識別するステップ、ならびに
前記2つより多くの画像部分から識別された情報から、および/または前記複数の画像からの情報から、前記放射種の変化を決定するステップ
を含む、先行する請求項のいずれかに記載の方法。 - 前記放射期間が少なくとも10ナノ秒である、先行する請求項のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 放射種の特徴を識別するための方法であって、
前記種が放射期間中に検出可能な放射を生成するように前記種を励起させるステップであって、前記放射期間が少なくとも10ナノ秒であるステップ、
画像センサーを使用して、前記検出可能な放射の第1の画像を取得するステップであって、
前記第1の画像の第1の部分が、前記放射期間の第1の部分に対応し、
前記第1の画像の第2の部分が、前記放射期間の第2の部分に対応するステップ、および
前記第1の画像の前記第1の部分と前記第2の部分との差に基づき、前記種の前記特徴を決定するステップ
を含む、方法。 - 前記種を励起させるステップが、前記種を電磁線に曝露することを含む、先行する請求項のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 励起電磁線が、単一のパルス、周期パルス、パルスの系列、連続的に変化する強度のパルス、またはこれらの任意の組合せとして提供される、先行する請求項のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記電磁線が、電気信号、シャッター、屈折材料、光学変調器、可動ミラー、機械的デバイス、または光弁によって変調される、先行する請求項のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記電磁線が可視光を含む、先行する請求項のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記電磁線が実質的に白色の光を含む、先行する請求項のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記電磁線が離散的な波長範囲を含む、先行する請求項のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記種を励起させるステップが、LED、OLED、蛍光灯および/または白熱電球からのパルス化および/または変調光に前記種を曝露することを含む、先行する請求項のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記種を励起させるステップが、前記種をフラッシュランプに曝露することを含む、先行する請求項のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記種を励起させるステップが、電圧、電離線、物理的な力、または化学反応を適用することを含む、先行する請求項のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記種が包装構成要素に関連付けられる、先行する請求項のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記種が、励起時に化学的および/または生物学的反応を経る、先行する請求項のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 分析物への曝露により、放射された光の強度、偏光、空間プロファイルの変化、および/または前記放射種の放射寿命の変化が生じる、先行する請求項のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 物品を活性化する第2のステップをさらに含む、先行する請求項のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 物品を活性化する前記第2のステップにより、放射寿命、空間プロファイル、偏光、化学物質感受性、強度の変化および/または前記種を励起させる第1のステップの遮蔽が生じる、先行する請求項のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記種を励起させる前記第2のステップにより、色の発生ならびに/または吸収および/もしくは放射の変化が生じる、先行する請求項のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記種を励起させる異なる第1、第2およびさらなるステップの組合せにより、100ナノ秒~100ミリ秒にわたって獲得される画像の変化が生じる、先行する請求項のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 物品の特徴を識別するための方法であって、
放射タグを含有すると思われる物品に近接して画像センサーを位置付けるステップ、
存在する場合、前記放射タグが検出可能な非定常状態の放射を生成するように前記物品を刺激するステップ、
前記画像センサーを使用して、前記検出可能な非定常状態の放射の単一の画像を取得するステップであって、
前記単一の画像の第1の部分が、分析物の刺激後の第1の期間に対応し、
前記単一の画像の第2の部分が、前記第1の期間とは異なる前記分析物の刺激後の第2の期間に対応するステップ、および
前記単一の画像の前記第1の部分と前記第2の部分との差に基づき、前記物品の前記特徴を決定するステップ
を含む、方法。 - 刺激の存在を検出するための方法であって、
化学タグを含む物品を、前記刺激を含む条件のセットに曝露するステップであって、前記化学タグが、前記タグにおける1つもしくは複数の放射種の寿命、波長および/または強度を変化させる前記刺激の存在下で化学的および/または生物学的反応を経るステップ、
画像センサーを前記物品に近接して位置付けるステップ、
前記画像センサーを使用して、前記化学タグを含む前記物品の部分の単一の画像を取得するステップであって、
前記単一の画像の第1の部分が、前記物品の曝露後の第1の期間に対応し、
前記単一の画像の第2の部分が、前記第1の期間とは異なる前記物品の曝露後の第2の期間に対応するステップ、および
前記単一の画像の前記第1の部分と前記第2の部分との差に基づき、前記物品の特徴を決定するステップ
を含む、方法。 - 前記検出可能な放射の少なくとも一部の第2の画像を取得するステップをさらに含み、前記第2の画像が、前記第1の画像とは異なる励起方法、位置、角度、距離、および/または配向で取得される、先行する請求項のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記第1の画像と前記第2の画像との差に基づき、前記種の前記特徴を決定するステップをさらに含む、先行する請求項のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記化学タグが、前記物品の刺激時に化学的および/または生物学的反応を経る、先行する請求項のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記物品を刺激するステップが、前記化学タグにおける化学的および/または生物学的反応を生じることを含む、先行する請求項のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記化学タグが、10ナノ秒より長い励起状態寿命を有する少なくとも1種の放射色素を含む、先行する請求項のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記画像センサーがローリングシャッター機構に関連付けられる、先行する請求項のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記化学タグが、前記刺激の存在下で10ナノ秒より長い励起状態寿命を有する検出可能な放射を生成する、先行する請求項のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記物品の第2の刺激により、励起の部分的な遮蔽、1つもしくは複数の放射種の消光、マトリックスの物理的特性の変化、新たな放射種の活性化、および/または1つもしくは複数の放射種の放射の特徴の変化を生じることにより前記化学タグの前記特徴を変化させるプロセスが生じる、先行する請求項のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記第2の刺激が、物品が以前に画像センサーに供されたことを検出するために使用される、先行する請求項のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記第2の刺激が、後続の画像センサーで読み取られる光学画像を変化させる前記タグにおける変化を生じるために使用される、先行する請求項のいずれかに記載の方法。
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