JP2022551720A - underground enclosure system - Google Patents

Abstract

An underground enclosure is provided for housing electrical components. The underground enclosure includes a shell defining an internal compartment containing the lift system, an equipment rack structure connected to the lift system, a top panel with a compartment opening for accessing the internal compartment, and a top panel covering the compartment opening. and an enclosure cover adapted to removably enclose the compartment opening. Telecommunications base stations may also be provided in certain applications. A telecommunications base station may include an underground enclosure and a cellular base station including an antenna coupled to a signal processor and a power source. In alternate embodiments, the in-ground enclosure may be configured as a cube-shaped structure or as a tubular structure. [Selection drawing] Fig. 1

Description

Cross-reference to related applications

This application takes precedence over U.S. Nonprovisional Application No. 16/599,671, filed Oct. 11, 2019, now U.S. Patent No. 10,615,583, issued Apr. 7, 2020. No. 2003/0000000000000000 PCT application, which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety.

TECHNICAL FIELD This disclosure relates generally to enclosures, and more specifically to underground enclosures for various electronic equipment, including but not limited to telecommunications equipment.

A cell tower (also called a "cell site") is a cell phone site where antennas and electronic communication equipment are located. The operating range of a cell tower depends on, for example, the height of the tower relative to the surrounding terrain, the presence of buildings and vegetation that may reflect or absorb electromagnetic energy, the spectrum of frequencies used for radio transmission, and the range of mobile phones in the area. May depend on several factors such as traffic, weather conditions, etc. In terms of property size and needs, a cell tower is a vast structure that includes a tower or pole, one or more equipment structures or sheds, fences, and covers up to 10,000 square feet (about 1/4 acre) of land. may need it. The demand for cellular coverage requires cell towers near densely populated areas so that the towers are available to the largest number of potential users. However, each cell site can only handle a limited number of calls or data traffic.

In some embodiments, an underground enclosure is provided for housing electrical components. An underground enclosure for housing electrical components, comprising a shell defining an interior compartment, a top panel with a compartment opening for accessing the interior compartment, and adapted to removably seal the compartment opening. A compartment cover and an equipment rack coupled to the compartment cover and having an equipment lift system coupled to the base of the inner compartment, the equipment lift system wherein the compartment cover seals the inner compartment opening. It is adapted to move between a retracted position and an extended position in which the equipment rack extends through the compartment opening to provide ground access to the equipment rack. The top panel may be attached to and/or integrally formed with the shell.

In some embodiments, an underground enclosure is provided for housing electrical components. An underground enclosure for housing electrical components may include a shell defining an interior compartment and an exterior shell having a plurality of interconnected shells (which may be enclosed shells). a panel, a top panel having an opening for accessing the interior compartment, a compartment cover adapted to removably seal the interior compartment opening, coupled to the compartment cover and further to the base of the interior compartment. and an equipment rack with an equipment lift system coupled thereto, the equipment lift system in a stowed position in which the compartment cover seals the interior compartment opening, and the equipment rack extends through the compartment opening to provide access to the equipment rack. adapted to move to and from an extended position that provides ground access; The top panel may be attached to and/or integrally formed with the shell.

In some embodiments, an underground enclosure is provided for housing electrical components. An underground enclosure for housing electrical components comprising a cylindrical shell defining an interior compartment and having a compartment opening for accessing the interior compartment, and a compartment cover adapted to removably seal the compartment opening. and an equipment rack with an equipment lift system coupled to the compartment cover and further coupled to the base of the inner compartment, the equipment lift system connecting the compartment cover to the inner compartment opening and the cylindrical shell. and an extended position in which the equipment rack extends through the top opening to provide ground access to the equipment rack.

In some embodiments, a telecommunications base station is provided. A telecommunications base station comprises an outer shell defining an interior compartment, a top panel with a compartment opening for accessing the interior compartment, a compartment cover adapted to removably seal the compartment opening, a compartment and an equipment rack with an equipment lift system coupled to the cover and further coupled to the base of the interior compartment for housing the electrical components and to the signal processing equipment. A cellular base station with a coupled antenna and a power supply with a battery, a connection to an external power source, or both, in a storage position the signal processor and the battery are housed within an internal compartment. Contained. The top panel may be attached to and/or integrally formed with the shell.

The features and advantages of the present invention are fully disclosed in, or made apparent by, the following detailed description of the embodiments, in which like numerals refer to like parts It should be considered in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 3 shows a peripheral view of an underground enclosure incorporated as part of a telecommunications base station as described herein; 1 is a control schematic of an in-ground enclosure containing a gas processing system described herein; FIG. FIG. 2A is a top perspective view of a first compartment opening and a second compartment opening of an underground enclosure described herein; 1 is a side perspective view of an underground enclosure showing an external conduit as described herein; FIG. FIG. 10 is a top perspective view of a second compartment showing external and internal conduits extending into the second compartment described herein; FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of a sidewall of an enclosure showing a sidewall gap as described herein and an external conduit plugged with a conduit and a conduit coupler; [0014] Fig. 4 is a partially exploded view of the first compartment prior to insertion into the outer shell described herein; FIG. 10 is a partially exploded view of the second compartment prior to insertion into the outer shell described herein; FIG. 2 is a partially exploded view showing the first and second compartments described herein positioned adjacent to each other and prepared for placement of the outer shell thereon; FIG. 10 is the bottom view of FIG. 9 with the first and second compartments described herein inserted into the outer shell and spacers attached to the base of the first compartment and the base of the second compartment; Partial exploded view showing a first compartment and a second compartment positioned adjacent to each other as described herein and prepared for placing the outer shell thereon and being sealed in the outer shell by the outer base. It is a diagram. 1 is a perspective view of a double-walled underground enclosure; FIG. 13 is a partial cross-sectional view of FIG. 12 along section line 13-13; FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an equipment rack and equipment lift system described herein; FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a battery rack and battery lift system described herein; FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a rack and lift system showing lockout systems described herein; FIG. FIG. 2 is a front view of a diffuser that can be used in conjunction with the equipment racks and battery racks described herein; FIG. 10 is an end view of a diffuser that can be used in conjunction with the equipment racks and battery racks described herein; FIG. 10 is a bottom view of the first compartment cover showing the locking arm in the open position described herein; FIG. 10 is a bottom view of the first compartment cover showing the locking arm in the locked position described herein; FIG. 10 is a bottom view of the second compartment cover showing the locking arm in the open position described herein; FIG. 10 is a bottom view of the second compartment cover showing the locking arm in the locked position described herein; FIG. 10 is a semi-perspective view of a cover lock positioned in a cover lock recess as described herein; Fig. 10 is a cross-sectional view of the interface between the compartment opening and the compartment cover in the locked position (without cover lock for clarity) as described herein; 1 shows a peripheral view of an underground enclosure incorporated as part of a telecommunications base station, including an underground surface ring as described herein; FIG. FIG. 10 is a side view of an exemplary embodiment of an antenna pole having telescoping sections as described herein; FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional side view of an in-ground enclosure showing the placement of heat transfer particles around the perimeter of the in-ground enclosure; 1 is a perspective view of a single-wall, multiple-panel underground enclosure described herein; FIG. 27 is a partial cross-sectional view of FIG. 26 taken along section line 27-27; FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a cylindrical in-ground enclosure described herein; FIG.

The description of the preferred embodiment is intended to be read in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, which are to be considered part of the overall description of the invention. The drawings are not necessarily to scale and certain features of the invention may be shown exaggerated to scale or in somewhat schematic form for the sake of clarity and conciseness. In this description, relative terms such as "horizontal", "vertical", "above", "below", "top", "bottom", and their derivatives (e.g., "horizontally", "downwardly") , “upwardly,” etc.) should be construed to refer to the direction currently described or shown in the drawings being described. These relative terms are for convenience of description and are generally not intended to require a particular orientation. Terms including "inwardly" versus "outwardly," "longitudinal" versus "lateral," etc., are interpreted relative to each other or relative to an axis of elongation or an axis or center of rotation, as appropriate. It should be. Terms relating to attachment, coupling, etc., such as "connected" and "interconnected," unless otherwise specified, refer to structures that are fixed or attached to each other, either directly or indirectly through intervening structures. It refers to an interlocking relationship, as well as an attachment or relationship, both mobile or fixed, and includes terms such as “directly” coupled, fixed, and the like. The term "operably coupled" is an attachment, coupling, or connection that permits related structures to operate as intended by the relationship.

1-28, in various embodiments, an in-ground enclosure 10 for housing electrical components is disclosed. As the enclosure 10 can be considered an "in-ground enclosure" at any time before, during, or after installation, the term "in-ground enclosure" as used herein is "adapted for in-ground installation." Used interchangeably with the phrase "enclosure". In-ground enclosure 10 includes an outer shell 12 , a first compartment 14 disposed within outer shell 12 , a second compartment 16 disposed within outer shell 12 , and a first compartment 14 for accessing first compartment 14 . The upper panel 18 may include a compartment opening 20 and a second compartment opening 22 for accessing the second compartment 16 . In-ground enclosure 10 may include a partition wall 24 that separates first compartment 14 from second compartment 16 . The underground enclosure also includes a first compartment cover 26 adapted to removably enclose the first compartment opening 14 , a second compartment cover 26 adapted to removably enclose the second compartment opening 16 . Two compartment covers 28 or both 26, 28 may be included.

In some embodiments, one or more external conduits 30 extend from the exterior of the underground enclosure 10 to the interior of the first compartment 14 or the second compartment 16, as shown in FIGS. 3-6. . In such embodiments, the external conduit 30 allows lines to pass from outside the underground enclosure 10 to the first compartment 14 or the second compartment. Examples of lines that may pass through the external conduit 30 include power supplies, communication lines (fiber optic, coaxial cables, etc.), air hoses, wires (e.g., for connecting an external control panel to internal electronics). include, but are not limited to: In some embodiments, the external conduit 30 may be corrosion resistant pipe.

In some embodiments, a first external conduit 30a may be used for communication lines (eg, fiber optic cables) and a second external conduit 30b may be used for power supply. , a third external conduit 30c may be used for air hoses. A line passing through the external conduit 30 may be secured with a conduit coupler 32 to form a watertight seal and an airtight seal with the external conduit 30 . For example, conduit coupler 32 may be a plug-type sealing system such as that manufactured by Roxsystems and sold under the trademark ROXTEC®. The conduit coupler 32 may be positioned at an outer end 34 of the external conduit 30, an inner end 36 of the external conduit 30, or both 34,36.

In some embodiments, one or more internal conduits 38 extend through partition wall 24 to allow lines to run from first compartment 14 to second compartment 16 . In some embodiments, a first internal conduit 38a may be used for communication lines (eg, fiber optic cables) and a second internal conduit 38b may be used for power supply. , a third internal conduit 38c may be used for air hoses. A line passing through the internal conduit 38 may be secured with a conduit coupler 32 to form a watertight seal and an airtight seal with the internal conduit 38 . For example, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 6, conduit coupler 32 may be a plug-type sealing system such as that manufactured by Roxsystems and sold under the trademark ROXTEC®. . Conduit coupler 32 may be positioned on first compartment side 40 of internal conduit 38, second compartment side 42 of internal conduit 38, or both 40,42.

In some embodiments, when the first compartment cover 26 seals the first compartment opening 20 and the second compartment cover 28 seals the second compartment opening 22, the first compartment 14 and the second compartment 14 are separated from each other. The two compartments 16 can be controllably or permanently hermetically isolated from each other. As discussed in more detail below, when the first and second compartments 14, 16 are controllably sealed, gas exchange occurs when the appropriate valves of the gas treatment system 78 are closed. is not exchanged and the gas is exchanged when the appropriate valve of the gas handling system 78 is opened.

In some embodiments, as shown in FIGS. 2, 6, and 13, sidewall 46 of underground enclosure 10 consists of inner sidewall 48 and outer sidewall 50 separated by sidewall gap 52 . is filled with heat transfer particles 54 . In some embodiments, a portion of inner sidewall 48 consists of the outer sidewall of first compartment 14 and the outer sidewall of second compartment 16 , while outer sidewall 50 is the outer sidewall of outer shell 12 . .

In some embodiments, a divider gap 56 exists between the first side 58 and the second side 60 of the divider 24, as shown in FIGS. In some embodiments, the partition gap 56 is filled with heat transfer particles 54 . In some embodiments, the first side 58 of the partition wall 24 consists of the outer wall of the first compartment 14 and the second side 60 of the partition wall 24 consists of the outer wall of the second compartment 16. .

In some embodiments, as best shown in Figure 13, the base 62 of the underground enclosure 10 comprises an inner base 64 and an outer base 66 separated by a base gap 68, the base gap 68 being: Filled with heat transfer particles 54, the bulk density of the heat transfer particles within the sidewall gap is at least 75% of the density of the heat transfer particles. In some embodiments, a portion of inner base 64 consists of the base of first section 14 and the base of second section 16 , while outer base 66 is the base of outer shell 12 .

In some embodiments, each of the gaps 52, 56, 68 independently ranges from 0.5 inches to 5 inches. In some embodiments, each of the gaps 52, 56, 68 independently ranges from 0.75 inches to 4 inches, or 1 inch to 3.5 inches. In some embodiments, each of the gaps 52, 56, 68 independently ranges from 1.25 inches to 2.5 inches (e.g., 1.5 inches, 1.75 inches, 2.0 inches, 2.25 inches). In some embodiments, sidewall gap 52 may be 1 inch to 3 inches, while divider wall gap 56 may be 2 inches to 5 inches, and base gap 68 may be 0.5 inches. It may be from inches to 3 inches.

In some embodiments, the in-ground enclosure 10 can be formed from a first compartment 14 and a second compartment 16 inserted into the outer shell 12, as shown in FIGS. 7-13. Gaps 52, 56 can be maintained by spacers 15, which can also function as reinforcing elements. In some embodiments, spacer 15 can be welded to the outside of first section 14, second section 16, or both 14,16. In some embodiments, first compartment 14 and second compartment 16 can be enclosed within outer shell 12 by an outer base 66 that can be secured to the lower end of outer shell 12 . As with the sides, the gap between the bases 64 and outer bases 66 of the first section 14 and the second section 16 can be maintained by spacers 15 . The tops of the first compartment 14 and the second compartment 16 are hermetically sealed to the top panel 18 or portion of the outer shell 12 so as to maintain a positive pressure in the first compartment 14 and the second compartment 16 respectively. should be sealed. Similarly, the outer base 66 should be sealed to the outer shell 12 in a waterproof manner to keep the heat transfer particles 54 in their optimum condition.

As shown in FIGS. 7-13, the sides 50 of the outer shell 12 are angled such that the outer shell 12 is wider and longer at the base 66 than proximal to the top panel 18 . This design is intended to keep the in-ground enclosure 10 in the ground and prevent it from "floating", especially when the surrounding soil is saturated with water. In some embodiments, the sides of first section 14 and second section 16 are also angled so that they remain parallel to adjacent outer sidewalls 50 of outer shell 12 . In some embodiments, the outer sidewall 50, and optionally the inner sidewall 48, is at an angle (θ) of 2.5 to 30 degrees, or 5 to 20 degrees, or 5 to 15 degrees to vertical. maintained at

Outer shell 12, first compartment 14, and second compartment 16 may be formed from a corrosion resistant material. For example, the shell 12, first compartment 14, second compartment 16 may be formed of a metal alloy that is corrosion resistant and/or coated with additional materials to prevent corrosion. . Additionally or alternatively, corrosion of outer shell 12, first compartment 14, second compartment 16 may be reduced or prevented by cathodic protection. In some embodiments, the outer shell 12, first section 14, second section 16 are made of steel such as sold by United States Steel Corporation under the trademark COR-TEN®. It may be made of weathering steel and may receive additional protection. For example, steel can be washed, zinc phosphorylated, coated with a primer, coated with a cationic epoxy electrocoat, coated with a polyester paint, cured, and the like.

In some embodiments, the bulk density of heat transfer particles 54 in one or more of sidewall gap 52 , partition wall gap 56 , and base gap 68 is at least 75% of the density of heat transfer particles 54 . In some embodiments, the bulk density of heat transfer particles 54 in one or more of sidewall gap 52, partition gap 56, and base gap 68 is at least 77.5% of the density of heat transfer particles 54, or at least 80%. %, or at least 82.5, or at least 85%, or at least 87.5%, or at least 90%. In some embodiments, the heat transfer particles 54 are at least 70 W/mK (~40 BTU-ft/hr/ft ² °F), or at least 100 W/mK (~58 BTU-ft/hr/ft ² °F); or at least 200 W/mK (~115.6 BTU-ft/hr/ft ² °F), or at least 300 W/mK (~173.3 BTU-ft/hr/ft ² °F), or at least 400 W/mK (~231 .1 BTU-ft/hr/ft ² °F), or at least 450 W/mK (~260 BTU-ft/hr/ft ² °F), or at least 500 W/mK (~288.9 BTU-ft/hr/ft ² °F) It may be made of a material having a thermal conductivity of F). In some embodiments, heat transfer particles 54 may be made of a material having an electrical resistivity of at least 300 μΩ-in, or at least 400 μΩ-in, or at least 425 μΩ-in. In some embodiments, heat transfer particles 54 are a material having a density in the range of 1.25 g/cm ³ to 2.00 g/cm ³ or in the range of 1.30 g/cm ³ to 1.88 g/cm ³ . may be made.

In some embodiments, the heat transfer particles have a maximum dimension of 50 microns to 1,000 microns, or 75 microns to 750 microns, or 100 microns to 500 microns, or 125 microns to 400 microns. In some embodiments, the smallest dimension of the largest dimension is at least 10 microns. In some embodiments, the median (D50) particle size is between 75 microns and 180 microns. In some embodiments, up to 30% by weight of the particles, or 25% by weight of the particles, or 20% by weight of the particles do not pass through an 80 mesh (180 micron) screen. In some embodiments, up to 50% by weight of the particles, or 45% by weight of the particles, or 40% by weight of the particles do not pass through a 100 mesh (150 micron) screen. In some embodiments, up to 30% by weight of the particles, or 25% by weight of the particles, or 20% by weight of the particles pass through a 325 mesh (44 micron) screen. This prevents dust problems and provides a lightweight, high performance heat transfer material.

In some embodiments, heat transfer particles 54 are flakes. In some embodiments, the heat transfer particles comprise graphite particles (eg, flakes). In some embodiments, the heat transfer particles comprise expanded graphite particles (eg, flakes). Examples of expanded graphite particles include those sold by Entergris, Inc. under the trademark POCO® graphite and those sold by Carbon Graphite Materials, Inc. This includes what you sell. In some embodiments, the heat transfer particles comprise natural or synthetic graphite flakes. In some embodiments, the heat transfer particles comprise crystalline graphite flakes. In some embodiments, the heat transfer particles comprise graphite flakes having at least 90% carbon, or at least 94% carbon, or at least 96% carbon, or at least 99% carbon. In some embodiments, the heat transfer particles contain less than 5% moisture, or less than 2% moisture, or less than 1% moisture, or less than 0.5% moisture.

In some embodiments, the desired bulk density level of the heat transfer particles 54 is such that the sidewall gap 52 and optionally the partition gap 56 and the base gap 68 are separated from the heat transfer particles 54 while the outer shell 12 is on a shaker. may be obtained by filling with The shaking action facilitates dense packing of the heat transfer particles 54 . In some embodiments, the outer shell 12 can be filled from the base side and once the desired fill level is reached, the base 13 of the outer shell can be secured to the bottom of the outer shell 12 .

In some embodiments, the desired bulk density level of heat transfer particles 54 comprises sidewall gaps 52 and, optionally, partition wall gap 56 and base gap 68, with heat transfer particles 54 suspended in a solvent. It may be obtained by filling with a slurry and then removing the solvent by heating. In some embodiments, the heat transfer particles 54 partially or completely fill the sidewall gap 52 and, optionally, the partition wall gap 56 and the base gap 68, and then spray a volatile liquid to provide a tight packing. can be facilitated. In some cases, this means that a portion of the gaps 52, 56 and/or 68 are filled with heat transfer particles 54 and then sprayed with a volatile liquid to fill the gaps 52 and/or 68 where this process is applicable. may be an iterative process, repeated until is filled with heat transfer particles 54 . This process generally results in a well-filled layer of heat transfer particles 54 in intimate contact with the opposing surfaces defining applicable gaps 52 , 56 , 68 . Examples of solvents that can be used in this process include, but are not limited to ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, water, and/or mixtures thereof. In some embodiments, such as crystalline graphite, the particles do not absorb water and the solvent can be water.

In some embodiments, for example, a slurry may be prepared in a mixer (eg, a cement mixer) whereby heat transfer particles 54 are mixed with a solvent. The heat transfer particles 54 and solvent may be selected based on the desired viscosity or other properties of the slurry. For example, a number of graphite particles may be mixed with water in a cement mixer for 5-60 minutes before filling gaps 52, 56, and/or 68. After filling gaps 52, 56, and/or 68, the outer shell may be subjected to a filling process to facilitate close packing of heat transfer particles. Any suitable filling may be used, such as shaking, pounding, vibrating, sonicating, and the like. Once the desired packing is achieved, the solvent can be evaporated or otherwise removed (eg, heated in an oven) to leave the packed heat transfer particles. Additional particles and/or powder coatings may be added after solvent removal.

In some embodiments, as shown in FIGS. 1, 2, 14 and 15, the underground enclosure 10 includes an equipment lift system 72 coupled to the base 65a within the first compartment 14. Includes rack 70 . The equipment lift system 72 provides a stowed position in which the equipment rack 70 is fully contained within the first compartment 14 and a storage position in which the equipment rack 70 extends through the first compartment opening 20 to stand outside the underground enclosure 10 . The equipment rack 70 is adapted to be moved to and from an extended position that is accessible to a user who has the equipment rack 70 in place. For example, the equipment rack 70 is positioned such that a user standing along one side of the underground enclosure 10 can access the equipment rack 70 .

In some embodiments, as best shown in FIGS. 1 and 22, the first compartment cover 26 is coupled to the top of the equipment rack 70 and the equipment lift system 72 is attached to the first compartment cover. 26 encloses the first compartment opening 20, and an extended position in which most or all of the equipment rack 70 extends through the first compartment opening 20 and above the top surface 19 of the top panel 18. adapted to move between

In some embodiments, the underground enclosure 10 includes a battery rack 74 including a battery lift system 76 coupled to the base 65b within the second compartment 16. As shown in FIG. The battery lift system 76 includes a stowed position in which the battery rack 74 is fully contained within the second compartment 16 and a battery rack 74 extending through the second compartment opening 22 to stand outside the underground enclosure 10 . The battery rack 74 is adapted to be moved to and from an extended position that is accessible by the user. For example, the batteries 74 are positioned such that a user standing on one side of the basement enclosure 10 can access the battery racks 74 .

In some embodiments, as best shown in FIGS. 1, 14, 15, and 22, the second compartment cover 28 is coupled to the top of the battery rack 74 and the battery lift system 76. is a stowed position in which the second compartment cover 28 seals the second compartment opening 22 and most or all of the battery rack 74 passes through the second compartment opening 22 and above the top surface 19 of the top panel 18. adapted to move between an extended position that extends to the

In some embodiments, the equipment lift system 72, the battery lift system 76, or both 72, 76 can be operated independently pneumatically, hydraulically, electrically, mechanically, or a combination thereof. In some embodiments, the equipment lift system 72 , the battery lift system 76 , or both 72 , 76 are controlled by a gas handling system 78 within the underground enclosure 10 .

In some embodiments, the first compartment cover 26 includes a plurality of cover locks 80, as shown in FIGS. 2, 17-21. For example, in some embodiments, the first compartment cover 26 includes at least four cover locks 80 or at least six cover locks 80. In some embodiments, second compartment cover 28 includes multiple cover locks 80 . For example, in some embodiments, second compartment cover 28 includes at least four cover locks 80 .

In some embodiments, each cover lock 80 includes locking arm 82 and sealing hub 84 . In some embodiments, the locking arm 82 is configured such that a portion of the locking arm 82 extends through the first or second compartment opening 20 to prevent the compartment covers 26,28 from being removed from the respective compartment opening 20,22. , 22 and an open position in which the compartment covers 26,28 can be removed from the corresponding compartment openings 20,22.

In some embodiments, for example, as shown in FIGS. 17-21, the sealing hub 84 is coupled to the locking arm 82 and the sealing hub 84 connects the locking arm 82 and the bottom surface of the corresponding compartment cover 26, 28. adapted to adjust the distance between 27,29. Thus, when the compartment covers 26, 28 cover the appropriate compartment openings 20, 22, the locking arms 82 can be rotated to the locked position and the sealing hub 84 engages the locking arms 82, the appropriate compartment cover 26, The distance between the bottom surfaces 27, 29 of 28 can be reduced. Ultimately, the locking arms 82 contact the edges 86a, 86b of the appropriate compartment openings 20, 22, thereby locking the appropriate compartment covers 26, 28 in place.

In some embodiments, as shown in FIGS. 17-21, each sealing hub 84 is partially positioned within a respective cover lock recess 88 in the bottom surface 27, 29 of the respective compartment cover 26, 28. It is In some embodiments, the underground enclosure 10 controllably supplies pressurized air to rotate the respective sealing hubs 84 in a first direction to engage the bottom surfaces 27, 29 of the respective compartment covers 26, 28 and the bottom surfaces 27, 29 of the respective compartment covers 26, 28. While reducing the distance between the locking arms 82, pressurized air is controllably supplied to rotate the sealing hubs 84 in a second direction opposite the first direction to open the respective compartment cover 26,28. It includes a gas handling system 78 adapted to increase the distance between the bottom surfaces 27 , 29 and the locking arm 82 . For example, the gas processing system 78 may have a first line coupled to a first locking recess inlet 90 and a second line coupled to a second locking recess inlet 92, where: When pressurized gas is supplied to the first locking recess inlet 90 (but not the second locking recess inlet 92), the sealing hub 84 rotates in a first direction and pressurized gas is supplied to the second locking recess inlet 92 (not the second locking recess inlet 92). 1 locking recess inlet 90), the sealing hub 84 rotates in a second direction.

In some embodiments, pressurized gas is supplied to the first lock recess inlet 90 of each cover lock 80 to rotate the locking arm 82 and sealing hub 84 to the locked position. In the event of malfunction, each cover lock 80 can be accessed from outside the underground enclosure by removing the respective access panel 81 so that the operator can manually rotate the sealing hub 84 to The cover lock 80 can be moved to the unlocked position. In some embodiments, the pressurized gas remains within the seal hub 84 or is supplied continuously to maintain the cover lock 80 in the locked position and resist manual rotation of the sealing hub 84 . In such cases, it may be possible to manually release the pressurized gas from the locking hub 84 using the control panel 154 so that the operator can manually turn the sealing hub 84 to remove the cover. Lock 80 can be moved to the unlocked position. In some embodiments, sealing hub 84 may require a special coupling (eg, double D socket wrench) to rotate locking hub 84 when accessed through access panel 81.

In some embodiments, as shown in FIGS. 21-22, the edge 86a of the first compartment opening 20 includes a first compartment insertion shelf 94a such that the first compartment cover 26 is in the locked position. At one time, the outer lip 96a of the first compartment cover 26 rests on the first compartment insert ledge 94a and the top surface 98a of the first compartment cover 26 is approximately level with the top surface 19 of the top panel 18. is. In some embodiments, the sealing material 95a may be coupled to the first compartment insert shelf 94a, the outer lip 96a, or both 94a, 96a so that the first compartment cover 26 is in the locked position. At one time, the outer lip 96a rests on the sealing material 95a. In some embodiments, the first section insertion shelf 94a includes a vertical thickness with edges that define the first abutment 100a. In some embodiments, first compartment cover 26 includes a first vertical surface 102a extending from first compartment outer lip 96a to bottom surface 27 thereof. In some embodiments, the first inflatable seal 104a extends outwardly from the first vertical surface 102a and the first inflatable seal 104a extends when the first compartment cover 26 is in the locked position. When the first inflatable seal 104a is inflated by the gas handling system 78, it exerts a force against the first abutment 100a. As can be appreciated, the first inflatable seal 104a can be deflated by opening the first inflatable seal valve 106a of the first inflatable seal 104a. The first inflatable seal valve 106a can be electronically operated (eg, a solenoid valve).

In some embodiments, the edge 86b of the second compartment opening 22 includes a second compartment insert ledge 94b that extends outwardly of the second compartment cover 28 when the second compartment cover 28 is in the locked position. The lip 96b rests on the second compartment insert ledge 94b and the top surface 98b of the second compartment cover 28 is approximately level with the top surface 19 of the top panel 18. As shown in FIG. In some embodiments, the sealing material 95b may be coupled to the second compartment insert shelf 94b, the outer lip 96b, or both 94b, 96b so that the second compartment cover 28 is in the locked position. At one time, the outer lip 96b rests on the sealing material 95b. In some embodiments, the second section insertion shelf 94b includes a vertical thickness with edges that define the second abutment 100b. In some embodiments, second compartment cover 28 includes a second vertical surface 102b extending from second compartment outer lip 96b to bottom surface 29 thereof. In some embodiments, the second inflatable seal 104b extends outwardly from the second vertical surface 102b and the second inflatable seal 104b is positioned when the second compartment cover 28 is in the locked position. When the second inflatable seal 104b is inflated by the gas handling system 78, it exerts a force on the second abutment 100b. As will be appreciated, the second inflatable seal 104b can be deflated by opening the second inflatable seal valve 106b of the second inflatable seal 104b. The second inflatable seal valve 106b can be electronically operated (eg, a solenoid valve).

In some embodiments, first compartment cover 26, second compartment cover 28, or both 26, 28 comprise at least one reinforcing sheet embedded in a continuous phase. In some embodiments, the first compartment cover 26, the second compartment cover 28, or both 26, 28 comprise rebar embedded in a continuous phase. In some embodiments, the first compartment cover 26, the second compartment cover 28, or both 26, 28 comprise rebar embedded in a continuous phase and at least one reinforcing sheet. In some embodiments, the continuous phase may be an impermeable concrete, polymer, or ceramic capable of forming an impermeable structure. For example, the continuous phase may be a polymeric concrete material. In some embodiments, the first compartment cover 26, the second compartment cover 28, or both are configured so that the first or second compartment cover 26, 28 rests on the corresponding compartment opening 20, 22. It may be able to support a car, truck, or van parked on it. For example, in some embodiments, the first compartment cover 26, the second compartment cover 28, or both are positioned over the compartment openings 20, 22 to which the first or second compartment covers 26, 28 fall. When locked, it may be capable of supporting at least 20,000 pounds, at least 30,000 pounds, or at least 40,000 pounds.

In some embodiments, first compartment cover 26, second compartment cover 28, or both 26, 28 comprise at least two reinforcing sheets embedded in a continuous phase. In some embodiments, the major fibers of the two reinforcing sheets are at an angle of 10 to 80 degrees, or 15 to 75 degrees, or 20 to 70 degrees, or 30 to 60 degrees to each other. . Examples of reinforcing sheets that may be used herein include brass and galvanized steel tape/fabric such as those sold by Hardwire, LLC under the HARDWIRE® trademark. is included. In some embodiments, one or more stiffening sheets can block electromagnetic (EM) radiation. In some embodiments, one or more stiffening sheets embedded in the compartment covers 26,28 can prevent drill bits from penetrating the respective compartment covers 26,28.

In some embodiments, Faraday shields (also known as cages) can be embedded in the compartment covers 26, 28 to block certain electromagnetic fields from penetrating the covers. In some embodiments, the Faraday shield prevents electromagnetic interference (EMI) or radio frequency interference (RFI), such as radio waves from nearby radio transmitters, from interfering with equipment in the underground enclosure. can be done. In some embodiments, the Faraday shield can prevent electrical currents, such as lightning strikes and electrostatic discharges, from interfering with and/or damaging equipment in an underground enclosure. By shielding against EMI/RFI, the Faraday shield can prevent eavesdropping and interception of telephones connected through underground enclosures. A Faraday shield can be constructed of any suitable material. In some embodiments, the Faraday shield can be constructed from metal or metallic materials. In some embodiments, the Faraday shield can be constructed from a metal hardwire grid or mesh, or multiple grids and/or meshes. When more than one grid or mesh is used, the first grid or mesh is oriented in a north-south direction and the second grid or mesh is oriented above the first in the same or different orientation. may be directed to In some embodiments, a second grid or mesh may be fixed at an angle to the first grid to impart harmonic differences to the Faraday shield. In some embodiments, the second grid or mesh is 10-80 degrees, 25-70 degrees, 20-60 degrees, 25-50 degrees, 25-45 degrees, 25-35 degrees, or 30-35 degrees may be arranged at an angle between In some embodiments, the grid or mesh may be constructed from CAD-welded stranded flex ground wires per bonding and grounding specifications known and utilized in the telecommunications industry. In some embodiments, the Faraday shield may be constructed from flexible metal cloth, fine metal mesh, or any other suitable material.

In some embodiments, as shown schematically in FIG. 2, the underground enclosure 10 includes a dehumidifier 110 within the outer shell 12 (e.g., within the first compartment 14 or within the second compartment 16). ) with an air compressor 112 located in the gas processing system 78 . In some embodiments, the ambient air intake line 114 has an air intake line inlet 116 in fluid communication with ambient air outside the outer shell 12 and an air intake line outlet 118 in fluid communication with the compressor inlet 120 . have In some embodiments, filter 121 may be positioned between air intake line outlet 118 and compressor inlet 120, which provides fluid communication between air intake line outlet 118 and compressor inlet 120. still showing. In some embodiments, filter 121 may be placed before compressor 112 and another filter 123 may be placed after dehumidifier 110 . The gas processing system 78 may be adapted to supply high pressure air to the interior of the first compartment 14, the interior of the second compartment 16, or both 14,16. As used herein, "high pressure" refers to a pressure of at least 1 pound per square inch gauge. As used herein, “dehumidified air” is used to refer to gas (eg, air) that has passed through dehumidifier 110 .

In some embodiments, the gas treatment system 78 includes a water trap 122 adapted to collect water removed by the dehumidifier or condensed by the gas treatment system 78 . In some embodiments, gas treatment system 78 includes water purge line 124 for purging water from subterranean enclosure 10 .

In some embodiments, gas processing system 78 is adapted to supply high pressure dehumidified air to the interior of both first compartment 14 and second compartment 16 . Thus, when the compartment covers 26,28 are in the locked position, the first compartment 14, the second compartment 16, or both 14,16 can be maintained at a pressure above atmospheric pressure. This is to prevent both water vapor and water from penetrating the applicable compartments 14, 16, whether passing through the compartment openings 20, 22 or other potential entry points. is a preventative measure. In some embodiments, when compartment covers 26, 28 are in the locked position, first compartment 14, second compartment 16, or both 14, 16 are at least 1 psig, or at least 2 psig, or at least 3 psig. A positive pressure is maintained.

The gas processing system 78 processes information from a number of sensors 138, 144, 146, switches 136, valves 140, 142, electronic devices 112 to control the gas processing system 78 and control panel 154 of the power pedestal 150 or remote control panel 154. can include a processor 108 for communicating with connected devices such as devices located in the home (e.g., mobile devices using secure apps or desktop or laptop computers). Processor 108 is not shown connected to a specific electromechanical device, but processor 108 can be connected to any technology known in the art (examples include hardwire, WiFi, Bluetooth, RF, etc.). It is understood that any or all electromechanical devices necessary to operate the underground enclosure 10 or the telecommunications base station 300 may be communicated via, but not limited to, the underground enclosure 10 .

In some embodiments, the air compressor 112 pressurizes the intake air before passing it through the dehumidifier 110 and supplying the pressurized dehumidified air to the pressurized storage tank 126 . In some embodiments, storage tank 126 is in fluid communication with multiple regulators 128 to supply dehumidified air at various pressures.

For example, in some embodiments, at least one storage tank 126 is capable of storing dehumidified air at a pressure of at least 100 psig, and at least one storage tank 126 is coupled to at least three of: can be:
a first regulator 128a supplying air at a first pressure to pressurize the interior of the first compartment 14, the second compartment 16, or both 14, 16;
a second regulator 128b supplying air at a second pressure to the sealing hubs 84 of the cover locks 80 located in the first compartment cover 26, the second compartment cover 28, or both 26, 28; and the equipment lift; a third regulator 128c that supplies air at a third pressure to system 72, battery lift system 76, or both 72, 76;
a fourth regulator 128d that supplies air at a fourth pressure to the first inflatable seal 104a, the second inflatable seal 104b, or both 104a, 104b;
A fifth regulator 128e that supplies air at a fifth pressure to the equipment cooling diffuser 73, the battery cooling diffuser 77, or both.

In some embodiments, the first pressure, second pressure and third pressure are different. In some embodiments, the first pressure and the second pressure are different. In some embodiments, the first and third pressures are different. In some embodiments, the second and third pressures may be the same and supplied by the same regulator. In some embodiments, the fourth and fifth pressures may be the same and supplied by the same regulator. In some embodiments, the first pressure, second pressure, third pressure, fourth pressure, and fifth pressure are different.

In some embodiments, there is a master lock airline 130 that is split into a locking airline 132 and an unlocking airline 134 . The flow of pressurized air between locking airline 132 and unlocking airline 134 is controlled by lock control switch 136 . A locking airline 132 may be coupled to the first lock recess inlet 90 of each cover lock 80 , while an unlocking airline 134 is coupled to the second lock recess inlet 92 of each cover lock 80 . may be

In some embodiments, the first pressure may range from 1 to 9 psig, or 1.5 psig to 7 psig, or 2 to 5 psig. In some embodiments, the second pressure may range from 40 to 150 psig, or 60 to 135 psig, or 70 to 120 psig. In some embodiments, the third pressure may range from 50 to 300 psig, or 75 to 250 psig, or 100 to 200 psig. In some embodiments, the fourth pressure may range from 10 to 80 psig, or 12.5 to 70 psig, or 15 to 60 psig, or 17.5 to 50 psig. In some embodiments, the fifth pressure may range from 2 to 25 psig, or 3 to 22.5 psig, or 5 to 20 psig. In some embodiments, the dehumidified gas may be stored in pressurized storage tank 126 and can be stored at a pressure of at least 125 psig. In some embodiments, the first pressure may be 3 psig, the second pressure may be 100 psig, the third pressure may be 125 psig, the fourth pressure may be 25 psig, and the fifth pressure may be 10 psig. As will be appreciated, in each case, each of the second through fifth pressures is less than the first pressure, which is the effective ambient pressure when the first and second compartments are locked. will also grow.

In some embodiments, as shown in FIGS. 2, 14, and 16, gas processing system 78 blows air onto equipment stored in equipment rack 70 and at least one battery stored in battery rack 74, respectively. adapted to supply air at a fourth pressure to at least one equipment cooling diffuser 73, at least one battery cooling diffuser 77, or both 73, 77. The cooling diffusers 73 , 77 blow air over the equipment and/or battery in contact with the heat transfer particles and toward the inner sidewall 48 . The cooling diffusers 73, 77 thus facilitate heat dissipation and help maintain the first and second compartments 14, 16 at the desired operating temperature for the equipment and batteries. In some embodiments, the cooling diffusers 73 , 77 are in the form of pipes with a plurality of cooling orifices 75 therein for distributing the pressurized air exiting the cooling orifices 75 and end caps 79 . good too.

In some embodiments, gas processing system 78 also includes first humidity sensor 138 in first compartment 14 . The gas handling system 78 exhausts the air in the first compartment 14 to the outside air for high pressure dehumidification when the first humidity sensor 138 detects that the humidity in the first compartment exceeds a predetermined level. It may be adapted to replace the air that has been removed. In some embodiments, purge vent 140 in second compartment 16 is opened to exhaust air from first compartment 14 to second compartment 16 via compartment transfer vent 142 . This process reduces the pressure in both the first compartment 14 and the second compartment 16, so that when the purge vent 140 is closed, the gas treatment system 78 will allow pressure to flow into both the first compartment 14 and the second compartment 16. Pressurized dehumidified air can be supplied. Compartment transfer vent 142 may be closed either before or after first compartment 14 and second compartment 16 are repressurized (eg, at the first pressure).

In some embodiments, gas processing system 78 includes a second humidity sensor 144 in second compartment 16 . The gas handling system 78 allows the air in the second compartment 16 to be vented to the outside air at a high pressure when the second humidity sensor 144 detects that the humidity in the second compartment 16 has exceeded a predetermined level. It may be adapted to be replaced with dehumidified air. For example, air in the second compartment can be vented through purge vent 140, which can then be closed before second compartment 16 is repressurized (eg, at the first pressure). .

In some embodiments, the purge vent 140 may be opened at regular intervals regardless of the readings of the humidity sensors 138, 144 of the hydrogen sensor 146 in order to dissipate the hydrogen. In some embodiments, the regular interval for opening purge vent 140 may be 1 to 60 seconds every 15 to 120 minutes to maintain safe conditions. In some embodiments, purge vent 140 may be opened for 2 to 45 seconds, or 3 to 30 seconds, or 4 to 20 seconds, or 5 to 15 seconds. In some embodiments, purge vent 140 may be opened every 20 to 90 minutes, or every 25 to 60 minutes, or every 30 to 45 minutes.

In some embodiments, gas processing system 78 includes hydrogen sensor 146 in second compartment 16 . The gas processing system 78 allows the air in the second compartment 16 to be vented to the atmosphere and subjected to high pressure dehumidification when the hydrogen sensor 146 detects that the hydrogen concentration in the second compartment 16 exceeds a predetermined level. may be adapted to be exchanged with fresh air. For example, air in the second compartment can be vented through purge vent 140, which can then be closed before second compartment 16 is repressurized (eg, at the first pressure). . In some embodiments, the underground enclosure 10 may be operated such that the purge vent 140 is opened for 10 seconds every 30 minutes to vent hydrogen if the hydrogen reading is not rising.

In some embodiments, underground enclosure 10 also includes power pedestal 150 . The power pedestal 150 may include a lockbox 152 that provides operator access to an external control panel 154 for operating the in-ground enclosure 10 and monitoring the condition of the in-ground enclosure 10 . For example, an operator may use an external control panel to unlock the compartment covers 26, 28 and access the equipment rack 70, the battery rack 74, or both 70, 74 using the equipment lift system 72, the battery lift, or the like. System 76 or both 72, 76 can be activated. Each of the lift systems 72,76 may include a lockout system 156 for maintaining the respective lift system 72,76 in the extended position so that the operator cannot be crushed by the lift system 72,76 returning to the retracted position. The interior of the first compartment 14 and/or the second compartment 16 can be accessed without the risk of being compromised.

An example of such a locking system 156 is shown in FIG. 15 where the top hole in the base plate is aligned with the bottom hole in the intermediate plate so that the pin 156 can pass through the hole and the air pressure will be lost. The lift systems 72, 76 can be maintained in the extended position even if they are broken. In some embodiments, each side of lift systems 72 , 76 may include a lockout system 156 . This arrangement allows the operator to confidently enter either the first compartment 14 or the second compartment 16 with the confidence that the racks 70, 74 will retract to the closed position and not injure the operator.

In some embodiments, as shown in FIGS. 1-2, the control panel 154 can provide an interface through which a user can monitor the performance of the underground enclosure 10 and the equipment contained therein. . For example, in some embodiments, the control panel 154 can display current and/or historical temperature, humidity, pressure, and hydrogen levels within the first and second compartments 14,16. In some embodiments, the control panel 154 also controls each of the components attached to the gas treatment system 76 (eg, cover lock 80, inflatable seals 104a, 104b, diffusers 73, 77, pressurized storage tank 126). can display the current state of In some embodiments, the control panel 154 can also display current and historical performance data (e.g., data demands, dropped calls, communication errors, communication outages) for equipment housed in underground enclosures. can.

In some embodiments, air intake line inlet 116 may be part of power pedestal 150, as shown in FIGS. In some embodiments, purge vent 140 may exhaust to power pedestal 150 . Of course, the air intake line inlet 116 and purge vent exhaust may be located at other protected locations.

In another embodiment, as shown in Figures 1 and 23, a telecommunications base station 300 is described. A telecommunications base station 300 may include an underground enclosure 10 as described herein, an antenna 302 coupled to a signal processor 304, a power source 306 consisting of a battery 308, and in a retracted position, the signal processor 304 is placed in the first compartment 14 and the battery 308 is placed in the second compartment 16 . As shown in FIG. 23, antenna 302 may be attached to a vertical element or pole 320 to elevate antenna 302 to a desired or required height for efficient signal transmission. Although FIG. 23 shows the antenna 302 mounted on a single vertical pole 320, the antenna 302 may alternatively be mounted on a lamp post, solar panel pole, totem pole, kiosk, various free-standing billboards, Or it may be attached to most other type of vertical element 320 to allow proper placement of the antenna 302 .

Regarding proper vertical placement of antenna 302, in another embodiment as shown in FIG. 24, vertical pole 320 may be constructed from a plurality of interconnected telescoping sections 320a, 320b, 320c. In such a construction, the vertical pole 320 with the antenna 302 mounted thereon can be raised by extending one or more telescoping sections, and similarly lowered by contracting one or more telescoping sections.

As also shown in FIG. 23, to ensure electrical grounding of the in-ground enclosure 10 and proper grounding of all signal processing equipment 304 housed in the in-ground enclosure 10, the conductive grounding element 330 is: It includes at least one electrical or metal grounding element electrically coupled to the underground enclosure 10 in direct contact with the ground (soil, sand, etc.). In some embodiments, conductive ground element 330 is a conductive ring. In some embodiments, the conductive ground element 330 may have multiple redundant ground portions. By way of example, two portions of such a conductive ground element 330 are shown in FIG. In some embodiments, a conductive grounding element 330 may be placed below the underground enclosure 10 . In some embodiments, the conductive ground element 330 is a bare copper element, buried in the ground at least 3 feet below ground.

The signal processor 304 can be connected to a telecommunications cable 310 for connection to a terrestrial telecommunications network. Antenna 302 can be adapted to transmit and receive data to and from wireless devices including, but not limited to, smart phones, tablet computers, automobiles, or laptop computers.

In operation, the underground enclosure 10 described herein enables cellular providers to place telecommunications base stations 300 in locations previously unavailable due to space constraints. The underground enclosure 10 described herein can be installed in conventional right-of-way such as adjacent to roads and railroad tracks. Additionally, the in-ground enclosure 10 can be installed in a parking lot and used as a parking spot when the in-ground enclosure is in the locked position. This development allows communication antennas to be placed in densely populated areas or areas where ground installation is impractical for some reason. This greatly enhances the capabilities of cellular providers and enhances coverage in a discreet manner whenever additional bandwidth is needed.

In some embodiments, the underground enclosure 10 can be used in various other applications. For example, in some embodiments, the underground enclosure 10 may enclose multiple batteries in the first and/or second compartments 14, 16, where the batteries are charged and energy supplied by the solar arrays. It is adapted to supply energy to structures in need (eg, homes, office buildings, retail buildings, warehouses, excavation sites, etc.). In other embodiments, the underground enclosure 10 may enclose the fuel cell in the first compartment 14 and the fuel (hydrogen tank) in the second compartment 16 . Fuel cells can be adapted to provide energy to structures that require energy (eg, homes, office buildings, retail buildings, warehouses, excavation sites, etc.). In other embodiments, underground enclosure 10 may house signaling equipment, including data signaling equipment. By way of example, such signaling devices may include traffic signaling devices and/or railway signaling devices. As will be appreciated, the in-ground enclosure 10, including the lift systems 72, 76, the cover locks 80, and the handling system 78, is configured as described herein to protect equipment located in the circular enclosure 10. can work. In some embodiments, such as those described for solar arrays and fuel cells, the underground enclosure 10 can include a single compartment.

In some further embodiments, as shown in FIGS. 25-27, the in-ground enclosure 10 can be constructed with a single shell 12 defining a single interior compartment 14 and includes partition walls 24. do not have. Such a single shell construction has a single internal compartment 14 . In such a configuration, there would be more interior space within the same size underground enclosure 10 . Thus, the single shell 12 enclosure facilitates storage of more equipment in a smaller footprint compared to two-compartment embodiments.

In some embodiments, the in-ground enclosure shell 12 may be manufactured from a plurality of panels 12 a , 12 b , etc. that are interconnected to form the in-ground enclosure shell 12 . Using multiple panels to form the in-ground enclosure shell simplifies the manufacturing process and makes shipping the disassembled in-ground enclosure shell 12 easier and cheaper. In such a configuration, the assembly or manufacture of the in-ground enclosure shell 12 may be completed at the site where the in-ground enclosure is installed and deployed. For example, the panels 12a, 12b, etc. are welded, bolted together, or otherwise secured together in a manner that allows them to form a shell 12 that is watertight, airtight, or both. can be Adhesive or sealant materials (not shown) may be used to ensure a watertight and/or airtight configuration during such assembly.

Although shown with a straight or trapezoidal vertical cross-section (eg, in FIG. 13), the in-ground enclosure shell 12 may be manufactured with other vertical cross-sectional shapes, including square or rectangular. Also, as shown in FIG. 28, for particular efficiency in manufacturing and installation, the shell 12 of the in-ground enclosure may be manufactured as a cylinder (rectangular vertical cross-section and circular horizontal cross-section). Such a shape allows for relatively easy installation by drilling a hole into the ground to a cylindrical depth and then placing a cylindrical ground shell 12 in the hole. As noted above, the cylindrical subterranean enclosure shell 12 may be manufactured using a plurality of panels interconnected to form the subterranean enclosure shell. Such panels may be curved in shape to ensure that the shell 12 of the in-ground enclosure remains shape-maintained and structurally stable.

In some embodiments, the underground enclosure 10 may be formed of a single shell 12 and a single inner compartment 14, as shown in FIGS. In-ground enclosure 10 may include an interior compartment opening 20 and a compartment cover 26 . In some embodiments, as evident from FIG. 26, the shell 12 may be formed from several interconnected shell panels 12a, 12b, etc. As shown in FIG. The internal compartments 14 discussed herein include, but are not limited to, equipment racks, equipment lift systems, air handling systems, sensor arrays, multiple external conduits 30 that can be sealed with conduit couplers 32, and the like. can include all of the equipment and functions that can be

To facilitate heat transfer in embodiments of the in-ground enclosure 10 having a single shell, a layer of heat transfer particles 54 is provided with the heat transfer particles in direct contact with the outside of the shell, as shown in FIG. It may be formed by placing or filling and surrounding all the outer surfaces of the underground enclosure shell 12 which is the subgrade. In some embodiments, a layer of heat transfer particles 54 may be deposited as a foundation upon which base 66 of in-ground enclosure shell 12 rests. In some embodiments, the layer of heat transfer particles is formed around the sides 50 of the in-ground enclosure shell 12 by depositing dry particles or pouring them as a slurry around the sides of the in-ground enclosure shell 12 . may be formed. As described above, when the heat transfer particles 54 are poured or placed around the in-ground enclosure shell 12, a layer of heat transfer particles 54 is applied to the exterior sides of the in-ground enclosure and the surrounding ground (soil, sand, etc.). , rocks, etc.) may be densified to ensure uniform contact. The properties and techniques described for the multiple heat transfer particles 54 described with respect to the two-compartment embodiments above apply to embodiments in which a layer of heat transfer particles is disposed under and/or around the subterranean enclosure shell 12 . Equally applicable.

Analysis indicates that surrounding the subterranean shell 12 with at least 10 to 12 inches of heat transfer particles 54 facilitates heat extraction from the subterranean enclosure 10 . In some embodiments, the thickness of the layer of heat transfer particles 54 surrounding the side surface 50 of the earth shell 12 is at least 1 inch, or at least 3 inches, or at least 5 inches, or at least 7 inches, or at least 9 inches. , or at least 12 inches, or at least 15 inches, or at least 18 inches, or at least 24 inches, or any range formed by these endpoints and any intermediate point (eg, 1 to 18 inches) . In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 25, the layer of heat transfer particles is thicker toward the base 66 of the subterranean shell 12 than near the surface. In some embodiments, the thickness of the layer of heat transfer particles 54 under the outer base 66 of the earth shell 12 is at least 9 inches, or at least 12 inches, or at least 15 inches, or at least 18 inches. good too.

As noted above, the equipment lift system 72, battery lift system 76, or both 72, 76 may be operated hydraulically, mechanically, or a combination of both. By way of example, equipment lift system 72 or battery lift system 76 may be operated using a hydraulically driven scissor lift system. In some embodiments, equipment lift system 72 or battery lift system 76 may be operated using a mechanical spring system. By using such spring systems, including torsion spring systems, operation of equipment lift system 72 or battery lift system 76 may be accomplished without external pneumatic, hydraulic, or electrical power. Such a system allows for essentially passive operation of equipment lift system 72 and/or battery lift system 76 . Additionally, such passive control of lift systems 72, 76 may be augmented by external input and control via one or more of pneumatic, hydraulic, or electric drive systems.

In some embodiments, the in-ground enclosure 10 includes a dehumidifier 110, an air compressor 112 disposed within the outer shell 12, as shown and described above in connection with FIG. A gas handling system 78 may also be included. In some embodiments, dehumidifier 110 may be configured as a heat pump or air conditioner. In such embodiments, the gas treatment system 78 can also be properly described as an air treatment system 78 for dehumidifying and conditioning the air inside the in-ground enclosure 10 . Additionally, as an air handling system 78 , the operation of the system includes an air intake line inlet 116 in fluid communication with ambient air outside the outer shell 12 and an air intake line outlet 118 in fluid communication with a compressor inlet 120 . Ambient air intake line 114 may be included.

As described above, the gas processing system 78 processes information from various sensors 138, 144, 146, switches 136, valves 140, 142, electronic devices 112 to control the gas processing system 78, handheld devices, tablets, etc. , or a connected device such as a remotely located device such as a laptop computer. To further illustrate, the sensors may include one or more temperature, humidity, pressure, hydrogen, acoustic, vibration, or other environmental condition sensors.

Although processor 108 is not shown connected to a particular electromechanical device, processor 108 can be hardwired using any technology known in the art (examples include, but are not limited to) , WiFi, Bluetooth, RF, etc.) with any or all electromechanical devices required to operate the underground enclosure 10 or telecommunications base station 300. . In addition, processor 108 may operate one or more valves 140, 142 and one or more electronic devices 112 to cause the subsurface to be vented when conditions detected within subsurface enclosure 10 warrant venting. The interior of enclosure 10 may be vented. As an example, if a humidity sensor within the in-ground enclosure detects a humidity level above a predetermined level, the air within the in-ground enclosure may be vented to the outside air and replaced with dehumidified or conditioned air.

Similarly, if a temperature sensor in the in-ground enclosure detects a temperature level above a predetermined level, the processor 108 reduces or sets the temperature level of the air conditioner 110 to reduce the temperature of the air in the in-ground enclosure. good too.

Upon receiving data from one or more of the various sensors 138, 144, 146, the processor 108 sends an alert notification to one or more remote devices 370, such as handheld devices (such as smart phones), tablets, or laptops. can do. Alert notifications provided by processor 108 are based on sensor data received by processor 108 and indicate that one or more of the sensor data exceeds a predetermined level or approaches an abnormal condition. .

specific embodiment

A first particular embodiment comprises an enclosure for housing electrical components. An enclosure for housing electrical components includes a shell defining an interior compartment, a top panel with a compartment opening for accessing the interior compartment, and a compartment cover adapted to removably seal the compartment opening. and an equipment rack coupled to the compartment cover and having an equipment lift system coupled to the base of the inner compartment, the equipment lift system in a stowed position in which the compartment cover seals the inner compartment opening; extends through the compartment opening and is adapted to move between an extended position to provide ground access to the equipment rack. The enclosure can be adapted for underground installation.

A second particular embodiment comprises the first particular embodiment, wherein the shell is formed by a plurality of interconnected panels.

A third particular embodiment includes the first or second particular embodiment wherein, when the compartment cover seals the inner compartment opening, the inner compartment is sealingly isolated from the surrounding environment outside said enclosure. can be

A fourth specific embodiment includes any one of the first through third specific embodiments, wherein the compartment cover comprises at least one reinforcing sheet embedded therein.

A fifth specific embodiment includes any one of the first through fourth specific embodiments, further comprising a conductive grounding element electrically connected to the shell and the equipment rack.

A sixth specific embodiment includes any one of the first through fifth specific embodiments, wherein the equipment lift system is a hydraulically actuated lift system.

A seventh particular embodiment includes any one of the first through sixth particular embodiments, wherein the equipment lift system is at least partially driven by a passive spring-loaded lift system.

An eighth particular embodiment includes any one of the first through seventh particular embodiments, wherein the equipment rack houses signaling equipment.

A ninth particular embodiment comprises any one of the first through eighth particular embodiments, further comprising a layer of heat transfer particles surrounding the shell, wherein the bulk density of the layer of heat transfer particles surrounding the shell is is at least 75% of the density of the heat transfer particles.

A tenth specific embodiment includes any one of the first through ninth specific embodiments wherein the thickness of the layer of heat transfer particles adjacent to the sides of the shell, the base of the shell, or both is , at least about 1 inch.

An eleventh particular embodiment includes any one of the first through tenth particular embodiments, wherein the heat transfer particles comprise expanded graphite particles.

A twelfth specific embodiment includes any one of the first through eleventh specific embodiments and further comprises an air handling system. The air treatment system, in some embodiments, includes an air conditioner and dehumidifier contained within the shell and an ambient air intake line having an air intake line inlet in fluid communication with ambient air outside the shell, said gas treatment system is adapted to supply conditioned and dehumidified air to the interior compartment.

A thirteenth particular embodiment includes any one of the first through twelfth particular embodiments, wherein the air handling system further comprises a first humidity sensor within the interior compartment, wherein the first humidity sensor detects that the humidity in the interior compartment exceeds a predetermined level, the dehumidifier is activated to supply dehumidified air to the interior compartment.

A fourteenth particular embodiment includes any one of the first through thirteenth particular embodiments, further comprising a temperature sensor within the interior compartment, wherein the temperature within the interior compartment reaches a predetermined level. When the excess is detected, the air conditioner is activated to reduce the temperature of the inner compartment.

A fifteenth specific embodiment includes any one of the first through fourteenth specific embodiments, further comprising a sensor array. The sensor array, in some embodiments, comprises at least one of a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, a pressure sensor, a hydrogen sensor, an acoustic sensor, a vibration sensor for monitoring internal environmental conditions of the internal compartment. This embodiment may also comprise an alert notification system communicatively connected to the communication network, wherein when any of the sensors in the sensor array detect a respective level above a predetermined level, the alert notification system , to send an alert signal to at least one pre-selected user.

A sixteenth particular embodiment comprises an enclosure for housing electrical components. An enclosure for housing electrical components, comprising: a cylindrical shell defining an interior compartment and having a compartment opening for accessing the interior compartment; and a compartment cover adapted to removably seal the interior compartment opening. , an equipment rack with an equipment lift system coupled to both the compartment cover and the base of the inner compartment. The equipment lift system moves between a retracted position in which the compartment cover seals the inner compartment opening and the cylindrical shell, and an extended position in which the equipment rack extends through the top opening to provide ground access to the equipment rack. is adapted to The enclosure can be adapted for underground installation.

A seventeenth particular embodiment includes the sixteenth particular embodiment, wherein the outer shell comprises a plurality of curved panels interconnected to form a closed shell.

An eighteenth particular embodiment comprises a telecommunications base station. A telecommunications base station comprises an enclosure for housing the electrical components of any of the first to seventeenth embodiments, such as an enclosure with an outer shell defining an inner compartment, and a compartment opening for accessing the inner compartment. a compartment cover adapted to removably seal the compartment opening; and an equipment rack with an equipment lift system coupled to both the compartment cover and the base of the inner compartment. can. The telecommunications base station further comprises a cellular base station with an antenna coupled to the signal processor, and a power supply with a battery, a connection to an external power source, or both. Further, in some embodiments, the signal processor and the battery are coupled to the equipment rack, in the storage position the signal processor and the battery are contained within the internal compartment, and in the extended position the equipment rack is separated from the compartment opening. Extending through the section, the telecommunications base station is adapted for underground installation.

A nineteenth particular embodiment includes the eighteenth particular embodiment, further comprising a ground vertical element to which the antenna is connected.

A twentieth particular embodiment includes the eighteenth or nineteenth particular embodiments, wherein the vertical element to which the antenna is connected comprises a plurality of telescoping sections for increasing or decreasing the height of the antenna.

A twenty-first particular embodiment includes any of the eighteenth through twentieth particular embodiments, wherein the above-ground vertical element is one of a lamp post, a kiosk, a solar panel pole, a totem pole, or an advertising sign. is one.

Although the subject matter has been described in terms of exemplary embodiments, it is not so limited. It should be noted that the drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale and that the specific dimensions of the drawings are not intended to be limiting. Rather, the appended claims should be construed broadly to include other modifications and embodiments that may occur to those skilled in the art.

Claims (21)

a shell defining an internal compartment;
a top panel with an interior compartment opening for accessing said interior compartment;
a compartment cover adapted to removably seal the interior compartment opening;
an equipment rack with an equipment lift system coupled to both the compartment cover and the base of the inner compartment;
The equipment lift system is positioned between a retracted position in which the compartment cover seals the interior compartment opening and an extended position in which the equipment rack extends through the compartment opening to provide ground access to the equipment rack. adapted to move the
An enclosure for housing electrical components adapted for underground installation. 2. The enclosure of claim 1, wherein said shell is formed by a plurality of interconnected panels. 2. The enclosure of claim 1, wherein the interior compartment can be hermetically isolated from the ambient environment outside the enclosure when the compartment cover seals the interior compartment opening. 3. The enclosure of Claim 1, wherein said compartment cover comprises at least one reinforcing sheet embedded therein. 2. The enclosure of claim 1, further comprising a conductive grounding element electrically connected to said shell and said equipment rack. 2. The enclosure of claim 1, wherein said equipment lift system is a hydraulically powered lift system. 3. The enclosure of claim 1, wherein the equipment lift system is at least partially driven by a passive spring-loaded lift system. 2. The enclosure of claim 1, wherein the equipment rack houses signaling equipment. 2. The enclosure of claim 1, further comprising a layer of heat transfer particles surrounding said shell, wherein a bulk density of said layer of heat transfer particles surrounding said shell is at least 75% of a density of said heat transfer particles. 10. The enclosure of claim 9, wherein the thickness of the layer of heat transfer particles adjacent to the sides of the shell, the base of the shell, or both is at least about 1 inch. 10. The enclosure of Claim 9, wherein the heat transfer particles comprise expanded graphite particles. further comprising an air handling system comprising an air conditioner and dehumidifier contained within said shell and an ambient air intake line having an air intake line inlet in fluid communication with ambient air outside said shell, said gas handling system comprising 2. The enclosure of claim 1, adapted to supply conditioned and dehumidified air to said interior compartment. the air handling system further comprising a first humidity sensor within the interior compartment;
13. The enclosure of claim 12, wherein the dehumidifier is activated to supply dehumidified air to the interior compartment when the first humidity sensor detects that humidity within the interior compartment exceeds a predetermined level. . the air handling system further comprising a temperature sensor within the interior compartment;
13. The enclosure of claim 12, wherein the air conditioner is activated to reduce the temperature of the interior compartment when the temperature sensor detects that the temperature within the interior compartment exceeds a predetermined level. at least one of a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, a pressure sensor, a hydrogen sensor, an acoustic sensor, a vibration sensor, and an alert notification system communicatively connected to a communication network for monitoring internal environmental conditions in the internal compartment; further comprising a sensor array comprising
13. The alert notification system sends an alert signal to at least one preselected user when any of the sensors in the sensor array detects a respective level above a predetermined level. enclosure. a cylindrical shell defining an interior compartment and having a compartment opening for accessing said interior compartment;
a compartment cover adapted to removably seal the interior compartment opening;
an equipment rack with an equipment lift system coupled to both the compartment cover and the base of the inner compartment;
The equipment lift system includes a stowed position in which the compartment cover encloses the inner compartment opening and the cylindrical shell, and the equipment rack extends through the top opening to provide ground access to the equipment rack. adapted to move between extended positions;
An enclosure for housing electrical components adapted for underground installation. 17. The enclosure of Claim 16, wherein said outer shell comprises a plurality of curved panels interconnected to form an enclosed shell. an outer shell defining an inner compartment;
a top panel with a compartment opening for accessing said internal compartment;
a compartment cover adapted to removably seal the compartment opening;
an enclosure for housing electrical components, comprising an equipment rack with an equipment lift system coupled to both the compartment cover and the base of the inner compartment;
a cellular base station with an antenna coupled to a signal processor and a power source with a battery, a connection to an external power source, or both;
the signal processor and the battery are coupled to the equipment rack;
In a storage position the signal processor and the battery are contained within the interior compartment and in an extended position the equipment rack extends through the compartment opening.
A telecommunications base station adapted for underground installation. 19. The telecommunications base station of Claim 18, further comprising a terrestrial vertical element to which said antenna is connected. 20. A telecommunications base station according to claim 19, wherein said vertical element to which said antenna is connected comprises a plurality of telescoping sections for increasing or decreasing the height of said antenna. 20. The telecommunications base station of claim 19, wherein said vertical element above ground is one of a lamp post, a kiosk, a solar panel pole, a totem pole, or an advertising billboard.

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