JP2022532686A - 黒色顆粒のpciを改良するための水蒸気分解制御 - Google Patents
黒色顆粒のpciを改良するための水蒸気分解制御 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
リグノセルロースのバイオマス(木材、農業残留物、農業および産業的農業の副産物)の、エネルギー的に高密度で、輸送可能で、容易に貯蔵可能な化合物への変換は、静的エネルギー産業分野(バイオ燃料に対して、居住用の建物において、決まった時点で使用されるバイオ燃料)の開発および強化を可能にし、環境負荷を低減する(化石CO2排出、肥料および植物衛生製品のいらないバイオマスを用いる)。
背景技術において、欧州特許EP2373767B1が認識されており、これは、リグニン含有材料を用いる黒色ペレットのバッチ生産方法を詳細に記載している。
(a)相対含水率が0~20重量%であるリグニン含有材料に、反応器を通過させるステップ;
(b)反応器に水蒸気を噴射することによって、リグニン含有材料を、180~235℃に加熱するステップ
(c)1~12分間、到達温度で、反応器中に材料を保持し、材料を軟化して、リグニンを放出させるステップ
(d)少なくとも1つの工程において、反応器内を減圧するステップ;および
(e)処理された材料を、ペレットまたはブリケットに成形するステップ。
(a)セルロース材料を少なくとも1つの含浸操作に供することで、初期のバイオマスに対して、熱水による前処理を行う、
(b)次いで、セルロース材料が、加圧下で、少なくとも1個の反応器内を輸送される。次いで、セルロース材料を、170~230℃の温度に加熱する。
(a)接触区間において、140~230℃の温度で、75ψ~約250ψの圧力で、約1~15分間、酸浸透リグノセルロースのバイオマス原料とH2Oを組み合わせて、水蒸気処理されたフィラーを生成するステップ;
(b)次いで、水蒸気処理された投入物を、減圧区間に輸送して、約2~30分間、水蒸気処理されたロードの蒸発画分を生成するステップ;
(c)最後に、減圧区間から、少なくとも1部分の蒸発画分を放出して、減圧区間の温度および圧力を制御可能にするステップ。
黒色ペレットを生産するための先行技術の解決手段は、有望である。しかし、これらには制限があり、特に、ペレットの体積あたりのエネルギー供給量が、チップまたは白色ペレットの形態のバイオマスより優れているが、同じ体積または同じ重量の石炭よりは30~40%低い。
これらの問題点を改善するために、本発明は、もっとも一般的な意義において、初期のバイオマスの発熱価よりも大きな発熱価を有する粉末材料を、連続的に調製する方法に関し、当該方法は、水蒸気分解ステップを含み、初期のバイオマスが、粒径の分類がP16~P100であり湿度が27%未満を示す成分からなり、水蒸気分解処理に直接的に供されることを特徴とする。特定の実施形態において、初期のバイオマスは、粒径分類がP25~P100である成分からなる。
以下の、本発明の非限定的実施例の詳細な説明を読むことで、本発明をより理解できるであろう。ここで、ひとつの図面は、本発明に係る連続的な生産設備の概略図を示す。
図1は、特に、粒径がP16~P100になるよう刻まれたバイオマスを使用する可燃性材料の製造のための、本発明に係る水蒸気ユニット10の実現例である。好ましい実施形態において、バイオマスは、粒径がP20~P100、またはP25~100である。
-P25:3.15mm≦P≦25mm、かつG>63mmである粒サイズに相当
-P100:3.15mm≦P≦100mm、かつG>200mmである粒サイズに相当。
FS=log10(時間(分)*指数((T℃-100)/14.75))
高温になるほど、処理時間が長くなり、厳しさが大きくなるほど、製品がより変換される。
本設備(10)は、ハンマーミル(11)を含む。ハンマーミル(11)には、オーガー(auger)(12)によってバイオマスが供給される。セパレータは、チップがミル(11)に入る前に、任意の大きすぎる成分を除去する。この湿潤なミル(11)において、バイオマスは、粒径がP25~P100である断片に粉砕される。
本水蒸気分解の連続的操作は、操作条件のリアルタイム制御および特に以下のリアルタイム制御を可能にする:
-厳しさ係数
-バイオマスのpH。
廃液の化学的特性のリアルタイム測定は、水蒸気分解されたバイオマスの材料損失の評価を可能にする。水蒸気分解されたバイオマスの材料損失は、廃液の炭素含有量の増加をもたらす。この情報は、廃液排出パイプ内に配置される赤外線プローブによって、リアルタイムで取得可能である。
水蒸気分解ユニットはまた、1つ以上の物理化学プローブを利用して化学的組成についての情報を回収(例えばpH測定または有機化合物の組成の測定)するために、本試料の可溶化を伴う、水蒸気分解されたバイオマスのリアルタイムサンプリングのためのシステムを備える。
含水率が10%未満であるペレット燃料の生産のために、ペレット化する前の最終生成物の含水率が、制御されなければならない。
Claims (7)
- 初期のバイオマスの発熱価よりも大きな発熱価を有する粉末材料を連続的に調製する方法であって、
前記方法は、
水蒸気分解ステップを含み、
前記初期のバイオマスが、粒径の分類がP16~P100であり含水率が27%未満である成分を構成要素とし、水蒸気分解処理に直接的に供されることを特徴とする、方法。 - 前記水蒸気分解ステップの厳しさ係数が、3.7超かつ4.2未満であることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の粉末材料を連続的に調製する方法。
- 前記水蒸気分解ステップの厳しさ係数が、オフガス中の炭素含有量に従って制御されることを特徴とする、請求項1または2に記載の粉末材料を連続的に調製する方法。
- 前記水蒸気分解ステップの厳しさ係数が、水蒸気分解されたバイオマスの試料中の炭素含有量の関数として制御されることを特徴とする、請求項1または2に記載の粉末材料を調製する方法。
- 前記水蒸気分解ステップの厳しさ係数が、水蒸気分解バイオマス試料のpHの関数として制御されることを特徴とする、請求項1または2に記載の粉末材料を連続的に調製する方法。
- pHが、石灰、二酸化炭素、または二酸化炭素の解離形態を加えることによって調製されることを特徴とする、請求項1または2に記載の粉末材料を連続的に調製する方法。
- ペレット燃料を調製するための、バイオマスのペレット化工程を含む、請求項1に記載の方法の利用。
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PCT/FR2020/050730 WO2020225505A1 (fr) | 2019-05-03 | 2020-04-30 | Controle du vapocraquage en vue d'ameliorer le pci des granules noirs |
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US4828573A (en) | 1987-04-13 | 1989-05-09 | Technology Research & Development, Inc. | Method of manufacturing a pelletized fuel |
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