JP2022527031A - 高度な短距離通信アーキテクチャのセキュリティ - Google Patents

高度な短距離通信アーキテクチャのセキュリティ Download PDF

Info

Publication number
JP2022527031A
JP2022527031A JP2021560496A JP2021560496A JP2022527031A JP 2022527031 A JP2022527031 A JP 2022527031A JP 2021560496 A JP2021560496 A JP 2021560496A JP 2021560496 A JP2021560496 A JP 2021560496A JP 2022527031 A JP2022527031 A JP 2022527031A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
data
receiver
waveform
transmitter
vehicle
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
JP2021560496A
Other languages
English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JP2022527031A5 (https=
Inventor
ウエストマイヤー，ポール
マザヘリ，レニー
ヴェルテンベルグ，ラッセル，エフ．
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of JP2022527031A publication Critical patent/JP2022527031A/ja
Publication of JP2022527031A5 publication Critical patent/JP2022527031A5/ja
Priority to JP2025086953A priority Critical patent/JP2025122135A/ja
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F21/00—Security arrangements for protecting computers, components thereof, programs or data against unauthorised activity
    • G06F21/60—Protecting data
    • G06F21/606—Protecting data by securing the transmission between two devices or processes
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
    • G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
    • G01S7/021—Auxiliary means for detecting or identifying radar signals or the like, e.g. radar jamming signals
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F21/00—Security arrangements for protecting computers, components thereof, programs or data against unauthorised activity
    • G06F21/30—Authentication, i.e. establishing the identity or authorisation of security principals
    • G06F21/44—Program or device authentication
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
    • G01S13/88—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications
    • G01S13/93—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for anti-collision purposes
    • G01S13/931—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for anti-collision purposes of land vehicles
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S17/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves, e.g. lidar systems
    • G01S17/02—Systems using the reflection of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves
    • G01S17/06—Systems determining position data of a target
    • G01S17/08—Systems determining position data of a target for measuring distance only
    • G01S17/10—Systems determining position data of a target for measuring distance only using transmission of interrupted, pulse-modulated waves
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S17/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves, e.g. lidar systems
    • G01S17/02—Systems using the reflection of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves
    • G01S17/06—Systems determining position data of a target
    • G01S17/08—Systems determining position data of a target for measuring distance only
    • G01S17/32—Systems determining position data of a target for measuring distance only using transmission of continuous waves, whether amplitude-, frequency-, or phase-modulated, or unmodulated
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
    • G01S7/003—Transmission of data between radar, sonar or lidar systems and remote stations
    • G01S7/006—Transmission of data between radar, sonar or lidar systems and remote stations using shared front-end circuitry, e.g. antennas
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
    • G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
    • G01S7/28—Details of pulse systems
    • G01S7/282—Transmitters
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
    • G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
    • G01S7/36—Means for anti-jamming, e.g. ECCM, i.e. electronic counter-counter measures
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
    • G01S7/48—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S17/00
    • G01S7/483—Details of pulse systems
    • G01S7/486—Receivers
    • G01S7/487—Extracting wanted echo signals, e.g. pulse detection
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
    • G01S7/48—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S17/00
    • G01S7/491—Details of non-pulse systems
    • G01S7/493—Extracting wanted echo signals
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
    • H04B10/80—Optical aspects relating to the use of optical transmission for specific applications, not provided for in groups H04B10/03 - H04B10/70, e.g. optical power feeding or optical transmission through water
    • H04B10/85—Protection from unauthorised access, e.g. eavesdrop protection
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L25/00—Baseband systems
    • H04L25/38—Synchronous or start-stop systems, e.g. for Baudot code
    • H04L25/40—Transmitting circuits; Receiving circuits
    • H04L25/49—Transmitting circuits; Receiving circuits using code conversion at the transmitter; using predistortion; using insertion of idle bits for obtaining a desired frequency spectrum; using three or more amplitude levels ; Baseband coding techniques specific to data transmission systems
    • H04L25/497—Transmitting circuits; Receiving circuits using code conversion at the transmitter; using predistortion; using insertion of idle bits for obtaining a desired frequency spectrum; using three or more amplitude levels ; Baseband coding techniques specific to data transmission systems by correlative coding, e.g. partial response coding or echo modulation coding transmitters and receivers for partial response systems
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
    • G01S13/02—Systems using reflection of radio waves, e.g. primary radar systems; Analogous systems
    • G01S13/06—Systems determining position data of a target
    • G01S13/08—Systems for measuring distance only
    • G01S13/10—Systems for measuring distance only using transmission of interrupted, pulse modulated waves
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
    • G01S13/02—Systems using reflection of radio waves, e.g. primary radar systems; Analogous systems
    • G01S13/06—Systems determining position data of a target
    • G01S13/08—Systems for measuring distance only
    • G01S13/32—Systems for measuring distance only using transmission of continuous waves, whether amplitude-, frequency-, or phase-modulated, or unmodulated
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S17/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves, e.g. lidar systems
    • G01S17/88—Lidar systems specially adapted for specific applications
    • G01S17/93—Lidar systems specially adapted for specific applications for anti-collision purposes
    • G01S17/931—Lidar systems specially adapted for specific applications for anti-collision purposes of land vehicles
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
    • G01S13/88—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications
    • G01S13/93—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for anti-collision purposes
    • G01S13/931—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for anti-collision purposes of land vehicles
    • G01S2013/9316—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for anti-collision purposes of land vehicles combined with communication equipment with other vehicles or with base stations

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Security & Cryptography (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Software Systems (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Bioethics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Radar Systems Or Details Thereof (AREA)
  • Traffic Control Systems (AREA)
  • Near-Field Transmission Systems (AREA)
  • Optical Radar Systems And Details Thereof (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
JP2021560496A 2019-04-03 2020-04-03 高度な短距離通信アーキテクチャのセキュリティ Pending JP2022527031A (ja)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2025086953A JP2025122135A (ja) 2019-04-03 2025-05-26 高度な短距離通信アーキテクチャのセキュリティ

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US201962828756P 2019-04-03 2019-04-03
US62/828,756 2019-04-03
PCT/US2020/026540 WO2020206223A2 (en) 2019-04-03 2020-04-03 Security of advanced short-range communication architectures

Related Child Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP2025086953A Division JP2025122135A (ja) 2019-04-03 2025-05-26 高度な短距離通信アーキテクチャのセキュリティ

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JP2022527031A true JP2022527031A (ja) 2022-05-27
JP2022527031A5 JP2022527031A5 (https=) 2023-04-07

Family

ID=72667340

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP2021560496A Pending JP2022527031A (ja) 2019-04-03 2020-04-03 高度な短距離通信アーキテクチャのセキュリティ
JP2025086953A Pending JP2025122135A (ja) 2019-04-03 2025-05-26 高度な短距離通信アーキテクチャのセキュリティ

Family Applications After (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP2025086953A Pending JP2025122135A (ja) 2019-04-03 2025-05-26 高度な短距離通信アーキテクチャのセキュリティ

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US20220138332A1 (https=)
EP (1) EP3949301A4 (https=)
JP (2) JP2022527031A (https=)
KR (2) KR20260003388A (https=)
AU (2) AU2020253488A1 (https=)
CA (1) CA3131472A1 (https=)
MX (1) MX2021010725A (https=)
WO (1) WO2020206223A2 (https=)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112689771B (zh) * 2020-11-13 2022-01-11 华为技术有限公司 雷达认证方法及装置、计算机存储介质

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2006250558A (ja) * 2005-03-08 2006-09-21 Suzuki Motor Corp 信号の混信確認方法及びレーダ装置
WO2007116890A1 (ja) * 2006-04-04 2007-10-18 Panasonic Corporation 符号発生装置
JP2016014665A (ja) * 2014-07-03 2016-01-28 アドヴァンスド サイエンティフィック コンセプツ，イン 密集環境のｌａｄａｒセンサ
CN105445728A (zh) * 2014-08-27 2016-03-30 启碁科技股份有限公司 预警方法及车用雷达系统
US20180180715A1 (en) * 2015-09-25 2018-06-28 Research Cooperation Foundation Of Yeungnam University Lidar sensor device

Family Cites Families (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7979173B2 (en) * 1997-10-22 2011-07-12 Intelligent Technologies International, Inc. Autonomous vehicle travel control systems and methods
US8189785B2 (en) * 2008-09-30 2012-05-29 The Mitre Corporation Generating identical numerical sequences utilizing a physical property and secure communication using such sequences
US10520581B2 (en) * 2011-07-06 2019-12-31 Peloton Technology, Inc. Sensor fusion for autonomous or partially autonomous vehicle control
US9221396B1 (en) * 2012-09-27 2015-12-29 Google Inc. Cross-validating sensors of an autonomous vehicle
US10593176B2 (en) * 2014-09-26 2020-03-17 Invensense, Inc. Using pressure sensors in a security system
US9712496B2 (en) * 2015-04-28 2017-07-18 Nxp B.V. Signal modulation for secure communication
JP7036744B2 (ja) * 2016-05-27 2022-03-15 ロンバス システムズ グループ， インコーポレイテッド 低空飛行の無人航空機及び物体を追跡するレーダシステム
US10445928B2 (en) * 2017-02-11 2019-10-15 Vayavision Ltd. Method and system for generating multidimensional maps of a scene using a plurality of sensors of various types
EP3625948A1 (en) * 2017-05-15 2020-03-25 Mixhalo Corp. Systems and methods for providing real-time audio and data
US20180365400A1 (en) * 2017-06-19 2018-12-20 Brennan T. Lopez-Hinojosa Biometric authentication for connected vehicles including autonomous vehicles
US10600270B2 (en) * 2017-08-28 2020-03-24 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Biometric authentication for a vehicle without prior registration
US11513188B2 (en) * 2017-10-02 2022-11-29 Red Bend Ltd. Detection and prevention of a cyber physical attack aimed at sensors
US11221392B2 (en) * 2018-07-31 2022-01-11 GM Global Technology Operations LLC Lidar object detection and data communications
US20200300967A1 (en) * 2019-03-20 2020-09-24 Zenuity Ab Sensor verification

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2006250558A (ja) * 2005-03-08 2006-09-21 Suzuki Motor Corp 信号の混信確認方法及びレーダ装置
WO2007116890A1 (ja) * 2006-04-04 2007-10-18 Panasonic Corporation 符号発生装置
JP2016014665A (ja) * 2014-07-03 2016-01-28 アドヴァンスド サイエンティフィック コンセプツ，イン 密集環境のｌａｄａｒセンサ
CN105445728A (zh) * 2014-08-27 2016-03-30 启碁科技股份有限公司 预警方法及车用雷达系统
US20180180715A1 (en) * 2015-09-25 2018-06-28 Research Cooperation Foundation Of Yeungnam University Lidar sensor device

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2020206223A3 (en) 2020-11-12
KR20260003388A (ko) 2026-01-06
EP3949301A2 (en) 2022-02-09
US20220138332A1 (en) 2022-05-05
AU2025237925A1 (en) 2025-10-16
EP3949301A4 (en) 2022-12-28
CA3131472A1 (en) 2020-10-08
AU2020253488A1 (en) 2021-09-30
MX2021010725A (es) 2021-11-04
KR20210148161A (ko) 2021-12-07
WO2020206223A2 (en) 2020-10-08
JP2025122135A (ja) 2025-08-20

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
Almeaibed et al. Digital twin analysis to promote safety and security in autonomous vehicles
El-Rewini et al. Cybersecurity attacks in vehicular sensors
Gao et al. Autonomous driving security: State of the art and challenges
Liu et al. Edge computing for autonomous driving: Opportunities and challenges
Ahmad et al. Machine learning and blockchain technologies for cybersecurity in connected vehicles
Mehta et al. Securing the future: A comprehensive review of security challenges and solutions in advanced driver assistance systems
US11807227B2 (en) Methods and apparatus to generate vehicle warnings
Petit et al. Potential cyberattacks on automated vehicles
Kim et al. Automotive cyber security
Ahmad et al. A comprehensive survey and tutorial on smart vehicles: Emerging technologies, security issues, and solutions using machine learning
Suo et al. Location-based schemes for mitigating cyber threats on connected and automated vehicles: A survey and design framework
Ajakwe et al. Facets of security and safety problems and paradigms for smart aerial mobility and intelligent logistics
Lippi et al. Security and privacy challenges and solutions in autonomous driving systems: A comprehensive review
Suo et al. Merging safety and cybersecurity analysis in product design
Sabaliauskaite et al. Integrated safety and cybersecurity risk analysis of cooperative intelligent transport systems
AU2025237925A1 (en) Security of advanced short-range communication architectures
Qurashi et al. Resilient countermeasures against cyber-attacks on self-driving car architecture
Guo et al. VCIDS: Collaborative intrusion detection of sensor and actuator attacks on connected vehicles
Xu et al. Analysis and mitigation of function interaction risks in robot apps
Singh et al. Vulnerability assessment, risk, and challenges associated with automated vehicles based on artificial intelligence
Kolb et al. Security and safety in urban environments: Evaluating threats and risks of autonomous last-mile delivery robots
Lisova et al. Investigating attack propagation in a SoS via a service decomposition
Hallyburton et al. A Multi-Agent Security Testbed for the Analysis of Attacks and Defenses in Collaborative Sensor Fusion
Bates Driverless vehicle security: Considering potential attacks and countermeasures for military applications
Bano et al. Enhancing Security of Autonomous Vehicles using Layered Strategy with Defensive Techniques-A Survey

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
A521 Request for written amendment filed

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523

Effective date: 20230330

A621 Written request for application examination

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A621

Effective date: 20230330

A131 Notification of reasons for refusal

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131

Effective date: 20240206

A521 Request for written amendment filed

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523

Effective date: 20240501

A131 Notification of reasons for refusal

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131

Effective date: 20240806

A521 Request for written amendment filed

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523

Effective date: 20241031

A02 Decision of refusal

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A02

Effective date: 20250128