JP2022516647A - 非毒性cas9酵素およびその用途 - Google Patents
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Abstract
Description
本出願は、2019年1月7日に出願された米国仮出願第62/789,347号;2019年3月25日に出願された米国仮出願第62/823,477号;2019年3月26日に出願された米国仮出願第62/824,164号および2019年5月31日に出願された米国仮出願第62/855,612号(これらは、その全体が参照により本明細書に組み込まれる)の優先権を主張する。
配列表
参照による援用
融合タンパク質組成物
Cas9タンパク質
表1.様々なCas9のペプチド配列。
hExo1タンパク質
PTDRYVGFCM KFVNMLLSHG IKPILVFDGC TLPSKKEVER SRRERRQANL
LKGKQLLREG KVSEARECFT RSINITHAMA HKVIKAARSQ GVDCLVAPYE
ADAQLAYLNK AGIVQAIITE DSDLLAFGCK KVILKMDQFG NGLEIDQARL
GMCRQLGDVF TEEKFRYMCI LSGCDYLSSL RGIGLAKACK VLRLANNPDI
VKVIKKIGHY LKMNITVPED YINGFIRANN TFLYQLVFDP IKRKLIPLNA
YEDDVDPETL SYAGQYVDDS IALQIALGNK DINTFEQIDD YNPDTAMPAH
SRSHSWDDKT CQKSANVSSI WHRNYSPRPE SGTVSDAPQL KE)およびC末端MLH2/MSH1相互作用領域(393~846)。いくつかの実施形態では、hExo1のN末端ヌクレアーゼ領域(配列番号1)は、ペプチジルリンカーを介して、少なくとも1つのNLSを有するCas9に共有結合的に連結するために使用される。他の実施形態では、ヌクレアーゼ機能を保持する配列番号1または他のエキソヌクレアーゼドメインの断片が本明細書で使用される。例えば、断片は、配列番号1と少なくとも約70%同一、少なくとも約80%同一、少なくとも約90%同一、少なくとも約95%同一、少なくとも約96%同一、少なくとも約97%同一、少なくとも約98%同一、少なくとも約99%同一、少なくとも約99.5%同一または少なくとも約99.9%同一である。いくつかの実施形態では、断片は、配列番号1または他の非切断もしくは非変異ドメインと比較して1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9、10、11、12、13、14、15、16、17、18、19、20、21、22、21、24、25、26、27、28、29、30、31、32、33、34、35、36、37、38、39、40、41、42、43、44、45、46、47、48、49、50個またはそれを超えるアミノ酸変化を有し得る。hExo1のN末端ヌクレアーゼ領域は例示的であり、さらなる適切なExo1または他のエキソヌクレアーゼ配列は、本明細書に開示される目的のために当業者により利用され得る。
核酸配列
リボ核タンパク質(RNP)
gRNA
送達方法
キット
用途
特定の定義
図の説明
実施例1-A549細胞における細胞毒性の減少
実施例2-HBB遺伝子を標的とするgRNAを有するA549細胞における細胞毒性の減少
実施例3-患者における鎌状赤血球貧血の処置
実施例4-12番染色体上の遺伝子間領域を標的とするgRNAを有するA549細胞における細胞毒性の減少
実施例5-A549細胞におけるhExo-Cas9融合物のHDRおよびINDEL率の定量
実施例6-K562細胞におけるhExo-Cas9融合物のHDRおよびINDEL率の定量
実施例7-毒性とCas9活性との間の関係の決定
実施例8-Cas9-HRを用いた公知の疾患遺伝子座の編集
実施例9-CD34+造血幹細胞の編集
実施例10-Cas9-HR3のインビトロヌクレアーゼ活性
実施例11-hH2Bゲノム組み込みおよびゲノム検証
実施例12-代謝フラックスを増加させるための脂肪または前脂肪組織の編集
実施例13-アンドロゲン性脱毛症を減少させるためのヒト皮膚細胞の編集
Claims (90)
- 第1のベクターを複数の細胞に導入することを含む方法であって、前記第1のベクターが、エキソヌクレアーゼに融合したCas9ヌクレアーゼを含む融合タンパク質複合体をコードし;
前記ベクターを含む前記複数の細胞の生存率が、Cas9ヌクレアーゼをコードする第2のベクターを含む第2の複数の細胞の生存率の少なくとも1.5倍であり;
前記第2の複数の細胞が、前記第2のベクターをトランスフェクトしたK562細胞である、方法。 - 前記第1のベクターが、前記融合タンパク質複合体およびgRNAをコードする、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記エキソヌクレアーゼが、MRE11、EXOl、EXOIII、EXOVII、EXOT、DNA2、CtIP、TREX1、TREX2、Apollo、RecE、RecJ、T5、Lexo、RecBCDおよびMungbeanからなる群より選択される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- ドナーポリヌクレオチドが前記複数の細胞に導入される、請求項2に記載の方法。
- エキソヌクレアーゼに融合した前記Cas9により、遺伝子の異常遺伝子座に対して編集が行われる、請求項4に記載の方法。
- 前記ドナーポリヌクレオチドが、前記遺伝子の機能的遺伝子座をさらに含む組み込みカセットを含む、請求項5に記載の方法。
- 前記生存率が、レサズリンアッセイにより測定される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記エキソヌクレアーゼがExoIである、請求項3に記載の方法。
- 前記異常遺伝子座がHBB遺伝子の異常遺伝子座である、請求項5に記載の方法。
- 前記ドナーポリヌクレオチドが、前記HBB遺伝子の機能的遺伝子座をコードする、請求項9に記載の方法。
- 前記融合タンパク質複合体が、少なくとも1つの核局在化シグナル(NLS)をコードする、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記融合タンパク質複合体をコードする前記第1のベクターが、配列番号2~18のいずれか1つと少なくとも80%の配列同一性を有する、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記第1のベクターが、エレクトロポレーションにより送達される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記ドナーポリヌクレオチドが、切断部位のすぐ3’末端に位置する変異プロトスペーサー隣接モチーフ(PAM)配列を含み、前記変異PAM配列が5’-NCG-3’または5’-NGC-3’を含む、請求項4に記載の方法。
- 前記融合タンパク質複合体が、前記変異PAM配列を切断することができない、請求項14に記載の方法。
- 前記ドナーポリヌクレオチドが一本鎖DNAである、請求項4に記載の方法。
- 前記ドナーポリヌクレオチドが二本鎖DNAである、請求項4に記載の方法。
- 第1の機能的断片と、Casヌクレアーゼを含む第2の機能的断片と、リンカーペプチドとを含むポリペプチドであって、
前記第1の機能的断片が前記リンカーペプチドの第1の末端にカップリングされ、前記第2の機能的断片が前記リンカーペプチドの第2の末端にカップリングされ;ならびに
前記ポリペプチドおよびリボ核酸(RNA)分子を含む第1の複合体が第1の複数の細胞に投与される場合、前記第1の複数の細胞では、減少した毒性が、Cas9ヌクレアーゼおよび前記RNA分子を含む第2の複合体が第2の複数の細胞に投与される場合に前記第2の複数の細胞において観察される前記毒性と比較して観察される、ポリペプチド。 - 前記第1の機能的断片がエキソヌクレアーゼを含み、前記エキソヌクレアーゼが、MRE11、EXOl、EXOIII、EXOVII、EXOT、DNA2、CtIP、TREX1、TREX2、Apollo、RecE、RecJ、T5、Lexo、RecBCDおよびMungbeanからなる群より選択される、請求項18に記載のポリペプチド。
- 前記RNA分子がガイドRNA分子である、請求項19に記載のポリペプチド。
- 前記エキソヌクレアーゼがヒトExo1酵素である、請求項19に記載のポリペプチド。
- 前記ヒトExo1酵素の前記N末端が、前記Casヌクレアーゼの前記C末端にカップリングした前記リンカーの前記C末端にカップリングされる、請求項21に記載のポリペプチド。
- 前記ヒトExo1酵素が配列番号1を含む、請求項21に記載のポリペプチド。
- 前記ヒトExo1酵素が、配列番号1の80%の配列同一性を有する断片を含む、請求項21に記載のポリペプチド。
- 前記ヒトExo1酵素が、配列番号1の90%の配列同一性を有する断片を含む、請求項21に記載のポリペプチド。
- 前記ヒトExo1酵素が、配列番号1の95%の配列同一性を有する断片を含む、請求項21に記載のポリペプチド。
- 前記第2の機能的断片がCas9酵素を含む、請求項18に記載のポリペプチド。
- 前記Cas9酵素が、N末端核局在化配列(NLS)およびC末端NLSを含む、請求項27に記載のポリペプチド。
- 前記Cas9酵素がN末端核局在化配列(NLS)を含む、請求項27に記載のポリペプチド。
- 前記Cas9酵素がC末端核局在化配列(NLS)を含む、請求項27に記載のポリペプチド。
- 前記リンカーペプチドが、FL2X、SLA2X、AP5X、FL1X、SLA1Xからなる群より選択される、請求項18~30のいずれかに記載のポリペプチド。
- 前記リンカーペプチドがSLA2Xである、請求項31記載のポリペプチド。
- 前記リンカーペプチドが5~200個のアミノ酸を含む、請求項31のいずれかに記載のポリペプチド。
- 前記減少した毒性が、レゾルフィン蓄積を測定することにより定量される、請求項18に記載のポリペプチド。
- 前記第1の複合体の投与後、前記第1の複数の細胞が、前記第2の複合体の投与後の前記第2の複数の細胞と比較して少なくとも2倍の数の生細胞を有し、生細胞の前記数が、レゾルフィンアッセイにより定量される、請求項34に記載のポリペプチド。
- 前記第1の複合体の投与後、細胞HDRアッセイにより定量した場合に、前記第1の複数の細胞が、前記第2の複合体の投与後の前記第2の複数の細胞と比較して少なくとも2倍の量のHDR編集細胞を有する、請求項34に記載のポリペプチド。
- 前記細胞HDRアッセイが、IHC、qPCRまたはディープシークエンシングを含む、請求項33に記載のポリペプチド。
- 請求項17~35のいずれかに記載のポリペプチドおよび前記RNA分子をコードする、ポリヌクレオチド。
- 前記リンカーペプチドの前記第1の末端が3’末端であり、前記リンカーペプチドの前記第2の末端が5’末端である、請求項38に記載のポリヌクレオチド。
- 前記リンカーペプチドの前記第1の末端が5’末端であり、前記リンカーペプチドの前記第2の末端が3’末端である、請求項38に記載のポリヌクレオチド。
- 前記RNA分子がガイドRNA(gRNA)である、請求項38に記載のポリヌクレオチド。
- 相同組換え修復(HDR)テンプレートをさらに含む、請求項38に記載のポリヌクレオチド。
- 前記gRNAが、表2に掲載されている配列から選択される、請求項38に記載のポリヌクレオチド。
- 前記HDRテンプレートが一本鎖DNAである、請求項38に記載のポリヌクレオチド。
- 前記HDRテンプレートが二本鎖DNAである、請求項38に記載のポリヌクレオチド。
- 前記ポリヌクレオチドがリポソーム中に製剤化される、請求項38に記載のポリヌクレオチド。
- 前記リポソームが、ポリエチレングリコール(PEG)、細胞透過性ペプチド、リガンド、アプタマー、抗体またはそれらの組み合わせを含む、請求項46に記載のポリヌクレオチド。
- 請求項38に記載のヌクレオチド配列を含む、ベクター。
- プロモーターを含む、請求項48に記載のベクター。
- 前記プロモーターがCMVまたはCAGプロモーターである、請求項49に記載のベクター。
- レトロウイルスベクター、アデノウイルスベクター、レンチウイルスベクター、ヘルペスウイルスベクターおよびアデノ随伴ウイルスベクターからなる群より選択される、請求項48~50のいずれかに記載のベクター。
- アデノ随伴ウイルスベクターである、請求項51に記載のベクター。
- 請求項48~50のいずれかに記載のベクターを含む、ウイルス様粒子(VLP)。
- 適合医薬賦形剤中に製剤化された請求項18~41のいずれかに記載のポリペプチドと、投与指示を含む挿入物と、試薬とを含む、キット。
- 適合医薬賦形剤中に製剤化された請求項38に記載のポリヌクレオチドと、投与指示を含む挿入物と、試薬とを含む、キット。
- 適合医薬賦形剤中に製剤化された請求項48~52のいずれかに記載のベクターと、投与指示を含む挿入物と、試薬とを含む、キット。
- 細胞においてDNAの相同組換えを誘導するための方法であって、前記DNAを請求項18~35のいずれかに記載のポリペプチドと接触させることを含む、方法。
- インビトロまたはエクスビボで細胞においてHDRを誘導するための方法であって、請求項38に記載のポリヌクレオチドを細胞に送達することを含む、方法。
- 前記細胞が、ヒト細胞、非ヒト哺乳動物細胞、幹細胞、非哺乳動物細胞、無脊椎動物細胞、植物細胞または単一の真核生物である、請求項57~58のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 第1の複数の細胞を請求項18に記載のポリヌクレオチドと接触させ、第2の複数の細胞を、野生型Cas9酵素をコードする第2のポリヌクレオチドと接触させること;ならびに
前記第1の複数の細胞および前記第2の複数の細胞において、目的の遺伝子座で部位特異的切断を誘導し、続いてHDRを誘導すること;ならびに
前記第1の複数の細胞において、前記第2の複数の細胞と比較して少なくとも30~90%多くの細胞を回収すること
を含む、方法。 - 前記第1の複数の細胞および前記第2の複数の細胞において産生されたレゾルフィンの量を測定することにより、細胞生存率を測定することをさらに含む、請求項60に記載の方法。
- 前記第1の複数の細胞が、レゾルフィンアッセイにより定量した場合に、前記第2の複数の細胞と比較して2~5倍の量の生細胞を有する、請求項61に記載の方法。
- 前記第1の複数の細胞および前記第2の複数の細胞が、ヒト細胞、非ヒト哺乳動物細胞、幹細胞、非哺乳動物細胞、無脊椎動物細胞、植物細胞または単一の真核生物を含む、請求項60~62のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記ヒト細胞が、T細胞、B細胞、樹状細胞、ナチュラルキラー細胞、マクロファージ、好中球、好酸球、好塩基球、マスト細胞、造血前駆細胞、造血幹細胞(HSC)、赤血球、血液幹細胞、内胚葉幹細胞、内胚葉前駆細胞、内胚葉前駆体細胞、分化内胚葉細胞、間葉系幹細胞(MSC)、間葉系前駆細胞、間葉系前駆体細胞または分化間葉系細胞である、請求項63に記載の方法。
- 前記分化内胚葉細胞が、肝細胞前駆細胞、膵臓前駆細胞、肺前駆細胞または気管前駆細胞である、請求項64に記載の方法。
- 前記分化間葉系細胞が、骨細胞、軟骨細胞、筋細胞、脂肪細胞、間質細胞、線維芽細胞または真皮細胞である、請求項64に記載の方法。
- 被験体における単一遺伝子障害を処置するための方法であって、
前記被験体から得られた複数の初代細胞を培養すること;
請求項42に記載のポリヌクレオチドを前記複数の初代細胞に投与すること(ここで、前記gRNAは、前記障害を引き起こす前記遺伝子の遺伝子座を認識するように構成され、前記HDRテンプレートは、前記遺伝子の機能配列を提供するように構成される);および
前記遺伝子座で部位特異的切断を誘導し、続いてHDRを誘導すること(ここで、前記遺伝子の前記機能配列は前記遺伝子座に挿入される)
を含む、方法。 - 前記遺伝子の前記機能配列が前記遺伝子座に挿入された初代細胞を選択すること;および
前記選択した初代細胞を前記被験体に再導入すること
をさらに含む、請求項67に記載の方法。 - 前記被験体が哺乳動物である、請求項67または請求項68のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記哺乳動物がヒトである、請求項69に記載の方法。
- 前記複数の初代細胞が、T細胞、B細胞、樹状細胞、ナチュラルキラー細胞、ナチュラルキラー細胞、マクロファージ、好中球、好酸球、好塩基球、マスト細胞、造血前駆細胞、造血幹細胞(HSC)、赤血球、血液幹細胞、内胚葉幹細胞、内胚葉前駆細胞、内胚葉前駆体細胞、分化内胚葉細胞、間葉系幹細胞(MSC)、間葉系前駆細胞、間葉系前駆体細胞、分化間葉系細胞、肝細胞前駆細胞、膵臓前駆細胞、肺前駆細胞、気管前駆細胞、骨細胞、軟骨細胞、筋細胞、脂肪細胞、間質細胞、線維芽細胞および真皮細胞を含む群より選択される、請求項67に記載の方法。
- 前記単一遺伝子障害を引き起こす前記遺伝子が表3から選択される、請求項67に記載の方法。
- 被験体における異常HBB遺伝子により引き起こされる鎌状赤血球貧血を処置するための方法であって、
前記被験体から得られた複数の初代細胞を培養すること;
請求項42に記載のポリヌクレオチドを前記複数の初代細胞に投与すること(ここで、前記gRNAは、前記障害を引き起こす前記HBB遺伝子の遺伝子座を認識するように構成され、前記HDRテンプレートは、前記HBB遺伝子の機能配列を提供するように構成される);および
前記遺伝子座で部位特異的切断を誘導し、続いてHDRを誘導すること(ここで、前記HBB遺伝子の前記機能配列は前記遺伝子座に挿入される)
を含む、方法。 - 前記HBB遺伝子の前記機能配列が前記遺伝子座に挿入された初代細胞を選択すること;および
前記選択した初代細胞を前記被験体に再導入すること
をさらに含む、請求項73に記載の方法。 - 前記被験体が哺乳動物である、請求項73または請求項74のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記哺乳動物がヒトである、請求項75に記載の方法。
- 前記初代細胞が造血幹細胞である、請求項73または請求項74のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記初代細胞がCD34+造血幹細胞である、請求項73記載の方法。
- 前記初代細胞がCD34+造血幹細胞である、請求項74に記載の方法。
- プラスミドPX330である、請求項48記載のベクター。
- 前記細胞がCD34+造血幹細胞である、請求項58記載の方法。
- 被験体における異常HBB遺伝子により引き起こされる鎌状赤血球貧血を処置するための方法であって、
前記被験体から得られた複数の初代細胞を培養すること;
請求項22に記載のポリヌクレオチドを前記複数の初代細胞に投与すること(ここで、前記gRNAは、前記障害を引き起こす前記HBB遺伝子の遺伝子座を認識するように構成され、前記HDRテンプレートは、前記HBB遺伝子の機能配列を提供するように構成される);および
前記遺伝子座で部位特異的切断を誘導し、続いてHDRを誘導すること(ここで、前記HBB遺伝子の前記機能配列は前記遺伝子座に挿入される)
を含む、方法。 - 前記HBB遺伝子の前記機能配列が前記遺伝子座に挿入された初代細胞を選択すること;および
前記選択した初代細胞を前記被験体に再導入すること
をさらに含む、請求項82に記載の方法。 - 前記被験体が哺乳動物である、請求項82または請求項83のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記哺乳動物がヒトである、請求項84に記載の方法。
- 前記初代細胞がCD34+造血幹細胞である、請求項82または請求項83に記載の方法。
- 第1の複数の細胞を、請求項18に記載の前記ポリヌクレオチドおよびRNA分子を含む第1の複合体と接触させること;
前記第1の複数の細胞において部位特異的切断を誘導し、続いてHDRを誘導すること
を含む方法であって、
細胞HDRアッセイにより定量された、前記第1の複数の細胞のうちのHDRにより編集された細胞のパーセンテージが、第2の複数の細胞のうちの野生型Cas9酵素および前記RNA分子をコードするポリヌクレオチドを含む第2の複合体と接触された細胞のパーセンテージと比較して少なくとも2倍高い、方法。 - 前記細胞HDRアッセイがIHCを含む、請求項84に記載の方法。
- 前記細胞HDRアッセイがqPCRを含む、請求項84に記載の方法。
- 前記細胞HDRアッセイが核酸シークエンシングを含む、請求項84に記載の方法。
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