JP2022516347A - 腫瘍性疾患の治療のためのカプセル化グリコリピド抗原 - Google Patents
腫瘍性疾患の治療のためのカプセル化グリコリピド抗原 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
癌細胞に化学療法剤を送達するための細菌由来ミニ細胞の使用は、以前に記載されている。癌を治療するためのこの送達方法は、毒性化学療法剤もしくは薬物、または機能性核酸を、典型的には直径約400nmである細菌由来ミニ細胞にパッケージングする。典型的には、ミニ細胞が化学療法剤を担持し、特異的癌細胞を標的とする抗体である。この抗体はがん細胞の表面に結合し、ミニ細胞はがん細胞によって細胞内に取り込まれる。このようにして、毒性化学療法剤は体に広く分布せず、したがって、毒性薬物または化合物が癌細胞内に送達されるにつれて、副作用および不耐性の機会を減少させる。毒性化学療法剤の送達ビヒクルとして抗体標的化ミニ細胞を用いると、癌細胞を死滅させるのに必要な薬物がはるかに少なくなり、したがって治療指数が改善される。
1つの実施形態において、本発明はミニ細胞パッケージ化抗腫瘍剤とミニ細胞パッケージ化II型インターフェロンアゴニスト(例えば、α-ガラクトシルセラミド(α-GC))との組み合わせを含み、I型インターフェロンアゴニストの非存在下で含む組成物が、驚くべき抗癌効力を実証するという驚くべき発見に関する。
上記のように、本発明の組成物は被験体において腫瘍細胞の死を誘導する抗腫瘍剤と組み合わせて投与される、カプセル化されたCD1d拘束性iNKT細胞抗原(例えば、α-GalCer)を含む。いくつかの実施形態において、CD1d拘束性iNKT細胞抗原は本明細書中に記載されるように、細菌由来のミニ細胞または殺された細菌細胞中にカプセル化される。
II型IFNは細胞傷害性T細胞を活性化することにより抗腫瘍免疫に重要な役割を果たす。例えば、Chikumaら、2017を参照のこと。IFNγサイトカインは自然抗原の結合によりナチュラルキラー細胞から放出されるが、スフィンゴ糖脂質化合物は自然免疫応答と獲得免疫応答の両方の強力な活性化因子として機能する。本発明者らは、スフィンゴ糖脂質α-GalCerなどの、被包化されたCD1d拘束性iNKT細胞抗原がマクロファージや樹状細胞などの食細胞に飲み込まれ、次いで、表面糖タンパク質CD1dに結合した細胞の表面に発現されることを発見した。CD1dに結合した発現スフィンゴ糖脂質の認識は、II型インターフェロン、IFN‐γ、および多くのインターロイキン(Th1‐、Th2‐、および/またはTh17‐型サイトカイン)を含む自然ナチュラルキラーT(iNKT)細胞による強力なサイトカイン応答を誘導する。例えば、Carrenoら、2016を参照のこと。次いで、iNKT細胞はDC成熟を誘導し、細胞傷害性T細胞応答の発生をもたらすT細胞ヘルパー様機能を示す。
「抗悪性腫瘍剤」とは、腫瘍細胞の増殖、発達、成熟または拡散を阻止または阻害する、化学的、生物学的にかかわらず、医薬品をいう。「抗悪性腫瘍剤」とは「抗悪性腫瘍剤」および「化学療法剤」と互換的に使用される用語である。
(1)アルキル化剤、例えばマスタードガス誘導体(メクロレタミン、シクロホスファミド(シトキサン)、クロラムブシル(ロイケラン)、メルファラン、イホスファミドなど)、エチレンイミン(チオテパ(チオプレックス)、ヘキサメチルメラミン)、アルキルスルホネート(ブスルファン(ミレラン))、ヒドラジンとトリアジン(アルトレタミン(ヘキサレン)、プロカルバジン(マチュラン)、ダカルバジン(DTIC)とテモゾロミド)、ニトロソ尿素(カルムスチン、ロムスチンとストレプトゾシン)、金属塩(カルボプラチン、シスプラチン(プラチノール)、オキサリプラチン)、メクロレタミン、メルファラン(アルケラン);
(2)植物アルカロイド、テルペノイドおよびトポイソメラーゼ阻害薬、例えばビンカアルカロイド(ビンクリスチン(オンコビン)、ビンブラスチン(ヴェルバン)、ビンデシン、およびビノレルビン)、タキサン(パクリタキセル(タキソール)およびドセタキセル(タキソテール))、ポドフィロトキシン(エトポシドおよびテニソピド)、およびカンプトテカン類似体(イリノテカンおよびトポテカン);
(3)抗腫瘍薬、例えばアントラサイクリン系(ドキソルビシン(アドリアマイシン、ルベックス、ドキシル)、ダウノルビシン、エピルビシン、ミトキサントロン、イダルビシン、デュオカルマイシンおよびダクチノマイシン(コスメゲン))、クロモマイシン(ダクチノマイシンおよびプリカマイシン(ミトラマイシン))、およびその他(ミトマイシンおよびブレオマイシン(ブレノキサン));
(4)代謝拮抗薬、例えば葉酸拮抗薬(メトトレキサート)、ピリミジン拮抗薬(メトトレキサート)、ピリミジン拮抗薬(5-フルオロウラシル、フォクスウリジン、シタラビン、フルロウラシル(5-FU)、カペシタビン、ゲムシタビン)、プリン拮抗薬(6-メルカプトプリン(プリンエトール)および6-チオグアニン)、6-チオプリン、およびアデノシンデアミナーゼ阻害薬(クラドリビン(ロイスタチン)、フルダラビン、ネララビンおよびペントスタチン)、アザシチジン、チオグアニン、およびシタラビン(ara-C);
(5)トポイソメラーゼ阻害薬、例えばトポイソメラーゼI阻害薬(イロノテカン、トポテカン)、トポイソメラーゼII阻害薬(アムサクリン、エトポシド、リン酸エトポシド、テニポシド);
(6)ホルモン剤、例えばエストロゲンおよびアンドロゲン阻害薬(タモキシフェンおよびフルタミド)、ゴナドトロピン放出ホルモンアゴニスト(リュープロリドおよびゴセレリン(ゾラデックス))、アロマターゼイ阻害薬(アミノグルテチミドおよびアナストロゾール(アリミデックス));
(7)DNA低メチル化剤、例えばアザシチジン、デシタビン;
(8)ポリ(アデノシン二リン酸[ADP]-リボース)ポリメラーゼ(PARP)経路阻害薬、例えばイニパリブ、オラパリブ、ベリパリブ;
(9)PI3K/Akt/mTOR経路阻害薬、例えばエベロリムス;
(10)ヒストンデアセチラーゼ(HDAC)阻害薬、例えばボリノスタット、エンチノスタット(SNDX-275)、モセチノスタット(MGCD103)、パノビノスタット(LBH589)、ロミデプシン、バルプロ酸;
(11)サイクリン依存性キナーゼ(CDK)阻害剤、例えば、Flavopiridol、Olomoucine、Roscovitine、Kenpaullone、AG-024322(Pfizer)、Fascaplysin、Ryuvidine、Purvalanol A、NU2058、BML-259、SU 9516、PD-0332991、P276-00、
(12)熱ショックタンパク質(HSP90)阻害剤、例えばゲルダナマイシン、タネスピマイシン、アルベスピマイシン、ラジシコール、デグリン、およびBIIB021;
(13)マウス二重微小染色体2(MDM2)阻害剤、例えば、Cis-イミダゾリン、ベンゾジアゼピンジオン、スピロ-オキシインドール、イソキノリノン、チオフェン、5-デアザフラビン、トリプタミン;
(14)未分化リンパ腫キナーゼ(ALK)阻害薬、例えば、アミノピリジン、ジアミノピリミジン、ピリドイソキノリン、ピロロピラゾール、インドロカルバゾール、ピロロピリミジン、ジアニリノピリミジン;
(15)ポリ[ADPribose]ポリメラーゼ(PARP)阻害薬、例えばベンズアミド、フタラジノン、トリサイクリックインドール、ベンズイミダゾール、インダゾール、ピロロカルバゾール、フタラジノン、イソインドリノン;および
(16)その他の抗癌剤、例えばアンサクリン、アスパラギナーゼ(El-spar)、ヒドロキシ尿素、ミトキサントロン(ノバントロン)、ミトタン(ライタントロン)、メイタンシノイド、レチノイン酸誘導体、骨髄増殖因子(サルグラモスチムおよびフィルグラスチム)、アミホスチン、葉酸代謝を破壊する薬剤、例えばペメトレキセド、リボヌクレオチドレダクターゼ阻害剤(ヒドロキシ尿素)、副腎皮質ステロイド阻害剤(ミトタン)、酵素(アスパラギナーゼおよびペグアスパラガーゼ)、抗微小管剤(エストラムスチン)、およびレチノイド(ベキサロテン、イソトレチノイン、トレチノイン(ATRA))。
いくつかの実施形態では、カプセル化CD1d拘束性iNKT細胞抗原が放射性核種である抗腫瘍剤と組み合わせて投与される。「放射性核種」とは不安定な核をもつ原子、すなわち、核内で新たに生成された放射線粒子または原子電子のいずれかに付与されるのに利用可能な過剰なエネルギーを特徴とする原子である。本明細書では放射性核種を「放射性同位元素」、「放射性イメージング剤」、または「放射性標識」と呼ぶこともある。放射性核種はイメージングおよび/または治療目的で使用することができる。いくつかの実施形態では、放射性核種がそのままの細菌由来ミニ細胞を使用して投与される。それらは、ミニ細胞内に含まれるか、または本明細書中に記載されるミニ細胞の外表面上のリガンド、ペプチド、または糖脂質に付着され得る。結合は、直接またはリンカーを介して、メルカプトアセチルトリグリシン(MAG3)、DOTA、EDTA、HYNIC、DTPAまたはクラウンエーテルなどのキレート剤を含むキレート化部分を含有するリンカーを使用することができる。キレート剤は、ミニ細胞表面成分に直接付着させるか、またはリンカーを介してミニ細胞に付着させることができる。多くの放射性核種が当技術分野で知られており、イットリウム-90、テクネチウム-99m、ヨウ素-123、ヨウ素-124、ヨウ素-125、ヨウ素-131、ルビジウム-82、タリウム-201、ガリウム-67、フッ素-18、キセノン-133、およびインジウム-111など、多くの放射性核種が医療用途に適していることが知られている。
いくつかの実施形態では、カプセル化CD1d拘束性iNKT細胞抗原が化学療法薬である抗腫瘍剤と組み合わせて投与される。本明細書において、「化学療法剤」、「化学療法剤」、および「化学療法」は、腫瘍細胞を殺すかまたは破壊する能力を有する薬物を意味するために互換的に使用される。化学療法剤は以下にさらに詳述されるように、小分子薬物または生物学的薬物であり得る。いくつかの実施形態では、化学療法薬がそのままの細菌由来ミニ細胞を使用して投与される。
化学療法を目的として設計されたある種の分子は、許容できない毒性のために前臨床または臨床試験中に失敗する。本発明者らは高毒性または「超毒性」の化学療法薬をミニ細胞にパッケージングし、続いて腫瘍患者に全身的に送達すると、薬剤が腫瘍細胞に送達されることを示した。さらに、腫瘍細胞が破壊され、薬剤含有細胞質が近傍の正常組織に放出された後でも、結果は正常組織に対する毒性ではない。これは薬剤が既にDNAなどの腫瘍細胞構造に結合しており、もはや正常細胞を攻撃できないためである。したがって、本発明は癌患者への高毒性(「超毒性」)化学療法薬の送達に特に有用である。したがって、いくつかの実施形態では、カプセル化CD1d拘束性iNKT細胞抗原が超毒性化学療法薬である抗腫瘍剤と組み合わせて投与される。いくつかの実施形態では、超毒性化学療法薬が本明細書に記載のそのままの細菌由来ミニ細胞を使用して投与される。
いくつかの実施形態では、カプセル化CD1d拘束性iNKT細胞抗原が生物学的化学療法薬である抗腫瘍剤と組み合わせて投与される。このような薬物の例としてはアスパラギナーゼ、AIN-457、バピネオズマブ、ベリムマブ、ブレンツキシマブ、ブリアキヌマブ、カナキヌマブ、セツキシマブ、ダロツズマブ、デノスマブ、エプラツズマブ、エストラフェナトクス、ファレツズマブ、フィギツムマブ、ガリキシマブ、ゲムツズマブ、ギレンツキシマブ(WX-G250)、イプリツモマブ、イノツマブ、イピリズマブ、メポリツマブ、ムロモナブ-CD3、ナプツモマブ、ネシツムマブ、ニモツムマブ、オクレリズマブ、オファツムマブ、オテリズマブ、オゾガミシン、パジバキシマブ、パニツムマブ、ペルツヅマブ、ラムシルマブ、レスリズマブ、リツキシマブ、REGN88、ソラネズマブ、タネズマブ、テプリズマブ、チウキセタントシツモマブ、トラスツズマブ(ハーセプチン(登録商標)、トレメリムマブ、ベドリズマブ、ザルツムマブ、およびザノリムマブが挙げられるが、これらに限定されない。いくつかの実施形態では、生物学的化学療法薬がそのままの細菌由来ミニ細胞を使用して投与される。
いくつかの実施形態において、カプセル化CD1d拘束性iNKT細胞抗原は、機能性核酸と組み合わせて投与される。「機能性核酸」とは、宿主細胞に導入されると、タンパク質の発現を特異的に妨害する核酸分子をいう。いくつかの実施形態では、機能性核酸がそのままの細菌由来ミニ細胞を使用して投与される。癌を治療することに関して、そのままの細菌由来のミニ細胞を介して癌細胞に送達される機能性核酸負荷量が、腫瘍細胞増殖、血管新生または化学療法に対する抵抗性を促進する遺伝子、および/またはアポトーシスもしくは細胞周期停止を阻害する遺伝子、すなわち「癌促進遺伝子」を阻害することが好ましい。
本開示のCD1d拘束性iNKT抗原を含む、そのままの細菌由来の最小限の細胞または殺された細菌細胞による投与に有用な抗腫瘍療法には、放射線療法、外科的方法、養子細胞療法、酵素-プロドラッグ療法および微生物ベースの抗腫瘍療法のような、癌細胞死を誘導する非薬物療法も含まれる。
本開示のCD1d拘束性iNKT抗原は、マクロファージおよび/または樹状細胞によって取り込まれ得る、そのままの細菌由来ミニ細胞または殺された細菌細胞を用いて抗原を封入することによって、食細胞に効果的に送達することができる。
「ミニ細胞」という用語はここでは染色体を欠き(「無染色体」)、二分裂の際に、細胞分裂とDNA分離との協調の乱れによって生じた細菌細胞の誘導体を意味するために用いられる。ミニ細胞はいわゆる「膜ブレブ」(大きさが約0.2μm以下)のような他の小さな小胞とは異なっている。この小胞が特定の状況下で自然に生成・放出されるが、特定の遺伝子再編成やエピソーム遺伝子発現によるものではない。同じ理由によって、そのまま(無傷)のミニ細胞は細菌ゴーストとは区別される。細菌ゴーストは特異的な遺伝子再編成やエピソーム遺伝子発現のために生成されない。本開示で使用される細菌由来のミニ細胞は完全に無傷であり、したがって、破壊または分解され、除去さえされる外膜または画定膜によって特徴付けられる、他の無染色体形態の細菌細胞誘導体とは区別される。米国特許第7,183,105号、第111欄、第54行以降を参照されたい。本開示のミニ細胞を特徴付ける無傷の膜は、ペイロードが食細胞または腫瘍細胞内で取り込み後に放出されるまで、ミニ細胞内での治療用ペイロードの保持を可能にする。
CD1d拘束性iNKT細胞抗原のような活性剤、または小分子薬物、タンパク質および機能性核酸のような抗腫瘍剤は、緩衝液中で複数の無傷のミニ細胞を活性剤と共インキュベートすることによって、ミニ細胞に直接パッケージングすることができる。緩衝液組成は無傷のミニ細胞における活性物質の負荷を最適化するために、この分野で周知の条件の関数として変化させることができる。ローディングに適した例示的な緩衝液にはリン酸緩衝生理食塩水(PBS)が含まれるが、これに限定されない。一旦包装されると、活性剤はミニ細胞内に残り、分解から保護される。
本発明者らは腫瘍細胞周囲の血管が完全性の喪失を示すことを発見した。すなわち、血管は血液脳関門(BBB)環境においても、大きな開窓を有し、「漏れやすい」状態である。癌細胞が定着すると、新たな血管の形成を促進する物質(血管新生と呼ばれる過程)を分泌する。これらの血管は速やかに成長し、正常な血管とは異なり、50nmから1.2μm(透過性亢進血管系)の「穴」(開窓部)で漏れやすい。リポソームなどの薬物送達粒子は、現在、腫瘍微小環境を支持する漏出性血管系からの血管外遊出を含む受動的方法によって腫瘍標的化をもたらすと考えられている。Hobbsら、1998。異常な腫瘍微小環境は間質性高血圧を特徴とし、この現象が抗癌抗体治療薬のアクセスを制限し得ることが示されているが、これは免疫リポソーム(Nielsenら、2002)およびQuantum Dotsに結合体化された抗体(Gaoら、2004)によって例示されるように、絶対的な障壁であるとは思われない。この現象は、特異的に指向された腫瘍抗体を保有するという追加の利点を有するEDVにも当てはまる。静注後、EDVは腫瘍の微小環境に漏出し、その後、癌細胞表面受容体との結合およびエンドサイトーシスを介して能動的な標的化が行われる。したがって、従来の理解とは対照的に、ミニ細胞と同じ大きさ、すなわち、BBBの上記のコンセンサス孔径限界よりもはるかに大きい粒子は、それにもかかわらず、漏出性血管壁の開窓よりも小さく、したがって、これらの開窓を通って腫瘍微小環境に受動的に溢出することができる。
本発明のミニ細胞は、汚染親細菌細胞を実質的に含まない。したがって、ミニ細胞含有製剤は、好ましくは107ミニ細胞当たり約1未満の汚染親細菌細胞、108ミニ細胞当たり約1未満の汚染親細菌細胞、109ミニ細胞当たり約1未満の汚染親細菌細胞、1010ミニ細胞当たり約1未満の汚染親細菌細胞、または1011ミニ細胞当たり約1未満の汚染親細菌細胞を含む。
工程A:ミニ細胞産生細菌細胞培養物の分化遠心分離。この工程は2,000gで約20分間行うことができ、上清中にミニ細胞を残しながら、ほとんどの親細菌細胞を除去する;
工程B:等張および非毒性密度勾配媒体を使用する密度勾配遠心分離。この工程はミニ細胞の損失を最小限に抑えながら、親細菌細胞を含む多くの汚染物質からミニ細胞を分離する。好ましくは、この工程は精製方法内で繰り返される;
工程C:親細菌細胞汚染をさらに減少させるために、0.45μmフィルターを通したクロスフロー濾過;
工程D:残存親細菌細胞のストレス誘導性フィラメント形成。これは、ミニ細胞懸濁液をいくつかのストレス誘導環境条件のいずれかに曝すことによって達成され得る;
工程E:親細菌細胞を死滅させるための抗生物質処理;
工程F:膜ブレブ、膜断片、細菌残屑、核酸、培地成分などの小さな汚染物質を除去し、ミニ細胞を濃縮するためのクロスフロー濾過。ミニ細胞を小さな汚染物質から分離するために、0.2μmフィルターを使用することができ、ミニ細胞を濃縮するために、0.1μmフィルターを使用することができる;
工程G:糸状の死んだ細菌細胞を除去するためのデッドエンド濾過。この工程のために0.45μmフィルターを使用することができる;および
工程H:ミニ細胞調製物からのエンドトキシンの除去。抗脂質A被覆磁性ビーズをこの工程に用いることができる。
本発明はその範囲内に、CD1d拘束性iNKT細胞抗原(例えば、α-GalCer)をカプセル化するそのままの細菌由来のミニ細胞または殺された細菌細胞を含む組成物または製剤を含む。いくつかの実施形態では、製剤がCD1d拘束性iNKT細胞抗原を単独で、または抗腫瘍剤と組み合わせて含む、細菌由来ミニ細胞または殺された細菌細胞を含む。いくつかの実施形態では、製剤がCD1d拘束性インバリアントナチュラルキラーT(iNKT)細胞抗原を含むそのままの細菌由来ミニ細胞または殺された細菌細胞、および抗腫瘍剤を含む細菌由来ミニ細胞または殺された細菌細胞を含む。例えば、(a)CD1d拘束性iNKT細胞抗原および抗腫瘍剤は同じミニ細胞または殺された細菌細胞内で構成され得る;または(b)CD1d拘束性iNKT細胞抗原が第1のミニ細胞または殺された細菌細胞内で構成され得るし、抗腫瘍剤は、第2のミニ細胞または殺された細菌細胞内で構成され得る。
本発明の製剤は局所的または全身的のいずれかで、所望の治療効果を達成するために、種々の経路を介して、および哺乳動物体内の種々の部位に投与され得る。送達は例えば、経口投与によって、体腔への製剤の適用によって、吸入または通気によって、または非経口、筋肉内、静脈内、門脈内、肝臓内、腹腔内、皮下、腫瘍内、または皮内投与によって達成され得る。カプセル化されたCD1d拘束性iNKT細胞抗原および抗腫瘍剤は、同じ経路によって、または異なる投与経路によって投与することができる。例えば、カプセル化されたCD1d拘束性iNKT細胞抗原は全身的に投与され得、そして抗腫瘍剤は局所的に投与され得る。いくつかの実施形態において、カプセル化されたCD1d拘束性iNKT細胞抗原および抗腫瘍剤の両方が、全身的に投与される。
一般に、本明細書に開示される製剤は任意の潜在的な毒性を最小限にしながら、最適な生理学的効果を得るために、日常的な試験によって規定される適切な用量で使用され得る。用法は、患者の年齢、体重、性別、医学的状態;治療される状態の重症度、投与経路、および患者の腎機能および肝機能を含む様々な因子に応じて選択され得る。
本明細書中に記載される組成物は、癌に罹患している被検体を治療するために使用され得る。本明細書に開示される方法は、CD1d拘束性iNKT細胞抗原および抗腫瘍剤または治療法をカプセル化する、そのままの細菌由来のミニ細胞または殺された細菌細胞を含む組成物の免疫原性有効量を被験体に投与することを含む。いくつかの実施形態では、CD1d拘束性iNKT細胞抗原がそのままの細菌由来ミニ細胞に含まれる。いくつかの実施形態では、CD1d拘束性iNKT細胞抗原および抗腫瘍剤が1つ以上のそのままの細菌由来ミニ細胞に含まれる。いくつかの実施形態では、CD1d拘束性iNKT細胞抗原および抗腫瘍剤が別々のそのままの細菌由来ミニ細胞に含まれる。いくつかの実施形態では、CD1d拘束性iNKT細胞抗原および抗腫瘍剤が同じそのままの細菌由来ミニ細胞に含まれる。いくつかの実施形態において、CD1d拘束性iNKT細胞抗原がカプセル化されたそのままの細菌由来ミニ細胞または殺された細菌細胞は、抗腫瘍剤または治療とは別に投与される。いくつかの実施形態では、CD1d拘束性iNKT細胞抗原および抗腫瘍剤が同じそのままの細菌由来ミニ細胞に含まれる。いくつかの実施形態において、CD1d拘束性iNKT細胞抗原をカプセル化したそのままの細菌由来ミニ細胞または殺された細菌細胞は、抗腫瘍剤または治療と同時に投与される。いくつかの実施形態では、抗腫瘍剤と同じ組成で、CD1d拘束性iNKT細胞抗原を封入したそのままの細菌由来ミニ細胞または殺された細菌細胞を投与する。いくつかの実施形態ではCD1d拘束性iNKT細胞抗原をカプセル化したそのままの細菌由来のミニ細胞、または殺された細菌細胞は抗腫瘍剤と別々の組成物として投与される。別の側面において、癌に罹患している被験体を処置するために使用される、カプセル化されたCD1d拘束性iNKT細胞抗原または抗腫瘍剤を含む組成物は、薬学的に受容可能なキャリアをさらに含む。
本明細書で使用される技術用語および科学用語は別段の定義がない限り、本発明が関係する当業者によって一般に理解される意味を有する。以下の説明および実施例において参照される材料、試薬などは、特に断らない限り、商業的供給源から入手可能である。
この実施例は、癌細胞に対する、そのままの細菌ミニ細胞を介してのαGCのカプセル化送達と遊離αGCとを対比する。
Perfecta3D 96ウェルのハンギングドロッププレートの調製:3Dハンギングドロッププレートの上側および下側トレイリザーバを、P1000ピペットを使用して溶融1%アガロースで満たした(1gのアガロースを100mlの水に溶解し、マイクロ波に溶解し、~50℃に冷却させた)。このプレートを乾燥させ、室温で少なくとも30分間沈降させた。次いで、ハンギングドロッププレートの外側ウェルを、50μlの無菌細胞培養培地(細胞なし)/ウェルで満たした。
この実施例は腫瘍に対するミニ細胞含有治療薬およびミニ細胞含有CD1d拘束性iNKT細胞抗原(例えば、α-GalCer)の有効性を示す。この結果は、抗腫瘍薬とCD1d拘束性iNKT細胞抗原との組合せおよび封入されたiNKT細胞抗原が腫瘍を効果的に治療するために使用され得ることを実証する。
マウスを、200~250mm3(図6)腫瘍については処置の24時間後に、600~800mm3腫瘍については16時間および24時間後に屠殺した(図7)。
本実施例は、ミニ細胞α-GCで処理された樹状細胞/単球からのサイトカインIL-12、およびこれらの処理された樹状細胞に曝露されたiNKT細胞からのサイトカインIFNγ、TNFαおよびIL-4の分泌を記載する。
C57マウスからのiNKT細胞の単離
インビトロ共培養試験では、NK1.1+iNKT細胞単離キット、マウス(Miltenyi Biotec社)を用いて、製造業者の指示に従い、C57マウスの脾臓および胸腺からiNKT細胞を単離した。単離されたiNKT細胞の純度を、CD3およびNK1.1の発現について細胞をさらに染色することによって決定し、FACSを使用して分析した。
この実施例では、EpCAMミニ細胞Dox+ミニ細胞α-GCで処理したマウスの脾臓における活性化樹状細胞の増大について述べる。
脾臓と胸腺の解離
安楽死の直後に、切開した脾臓および胸腺を、内容物をガラスホモジナイザーのチューブに直接空にすることによって、新たに調製した培地(滅菌RPMI-1640培地中の10% FBS)中のダウンス型ホモジナイザーに移した。次いで、器官を、3~4回の通過でガラス繊維プランジャーを使用することによって穏やかに破壊した。次いで、ホモジナイズした器官を、培地中の70uMメッシュストレーナーを通して50mL遠心管に移した。次いで、ガラスホモジナイザーを4mLのRPMI-1640培地(無血清)で洗浄し、次いで内容物を再び同じ70uMメッシュストレーナーに通して遠心管に入れた。次いで、チューブを330gで10分間遠心分離した後、細胞ペレットを4mLのRPMI-1640培地(無血清)に再懸濁した。赤血球細胞を、赤血球細胞溶解緩衝液Hybri-Max(Merk R7757-100mL)を使用して、製造者の指示に従って溶解した。次いで、細胞を5mLの冷滅菌オートMACSランニング緩衝液(Miltenyi)に再懸濁し、70uMメッシュストレーナーを介して50mL遠心管に通した後、細胞計数に進んだ。
単離した器官の単細胞調製物を1×106細胞/100mL FACS緩衝液で希釈した。次いで、以下の表1に示すように、細胞を適切な抗体で株化した。未染色および単一抗体で染色した細胞を陰性対照として使用した。すべてのサンプルおよび試薬を氷上で冷たく保ち、DAPIを使用して生/死細胞を分化させた。
調製した試料をGalliosフローサイトメーター(Beckman)で流し、Kaluza分析ソフトウェア(Beckman)を用いて分析を行った。Kaluza分析ソフトウェアに組み込まれた補償関数を使用して単一抗体染色を分析することによって、チャネル間のスペクトルの溢れを最小限に抑え/除去した。
結果は(図13A-D)、EpCAMミニ細胞Dox+ミニ細胞α-GCを用いた処理の4時間、8時間、16時間、24時間後に、ネズミのスプリーンにおける活性化デンドリティックセル(CD86+CD40+)母集団に著しい増大があったことを示した。
マウス異種移植片をEpCAMミニ細胞Dox+ミニ細胞α-GCで処理した後、免疫細胞の腫瘍微小環境への浸潤を評価した。
結果は、16時間(図14C)および24時間(図14D)で、腫瘍はマウスがEpCAMミニ細胞Dox+ミニ細胞α-GCでの併用療法で処置された場合にのみ、腫瘍への免疫系の細胞の有意な浸潤を有したことを示した(図14A~D)。
EpCAMミニ細胞Dox+ミニ細胞α-GCによるマウス異種移植片の処理後の腫瘍微小環境への細胞傷害性T細胞の浸潤を評価した。
結果はEpCAMミニ細胞Dox+ミニ細胞α-GCでの処置の24時間後に、マウスの腫瘍微小環境においてCD8+細胞傷害性T細胞の非常に有意な増大があったことを示した(図15D)。
EpCAMミニ細胞Dox+ミニ細胞α-GCによるマウス異種移植片の処理後の腫瘍微小環境へのiNKT細胞の浸潤を評価した。
結果はEpCAMミニ細胞Dox+ミニ細胞α-GC での処置の24時間後に、マウスの腫瘍微小環境においてiNKT細胞の非常に有意な増大があったことを示した(図17D)。
EpCAMミニ細胞Dox+ミニ細胞α-GCを用いたマウス異種移植片の処理後のPBMCおよび樹状細胞におけるCD1d発現の有意な増大を評価することを目的とした。
結果は(図18)、両方の治療群、EpCAMミニ細胞Dox+ミニ細胞α-GC およびEpCAMミニ細胞682+ミニ細胞α-GC がCD1d mRNAにおいて著しい増加を示し、後者の群はEpCAMミニ細胞Dox+ミニ細胞α-GC 処理と比較してさらに著しい増加を示すことを示した。
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Claims (19)
- (a)CD1d拘束性のインバリアントナチュラルキラ-T(iNKT)細胞抗原をカプセル化した、そのままの細菌由来のミニ細胞または殺された細菌細胞の、免疫原性有効量と、
(b)少なくとも1つの薬学的に受容可能なキャリアと、
を含む免疫賦活剤組成物。 - (a)前記カプセル化されたCD1d拘束性iNKT細胞抗原は、食細胞によって取り込むことができ、および/または
(b)前記カプセル化されたCD1d拘束性iNKT細胞抗原は、食細胞によって取り込むことができ、および該食細胞は樹状細胞またはマクロファ-ジである、
請求項1に記載の免疫賦活剤組成物。 - 前記カプセル化されたCD1d拘束性iNKT細胞抗原は、
(a)CD1dにより提示された抗原を認識するiNKT細胞により、Th1サイトカイン応答を誘導し、および/または
(b)スフィンゴ糖脂質であり、および/または
(c)α-ガラクトシルセラミド(α-GalCer)、C-グリコシディフィック型α-ガラクトシルセラミド(α-C-GalCer)、12炭素アシル型ガラクトシルセラミド(β-GalCer)、β-D-グルコピラノシルセラミド(β-GlcCer)、1,2-ジアシル-O-ガラクトシル-sn-グリセロ-ル(BbGL-II)、ジアシルグリセロ-ル含有糖脂質(Glc-DAG-s2)、ガングリオシド(CD3)、ガングリオトリアセラミド(Gg3Cer)、グリコシルホスファチジルイノシト-ル(GPI)、α-グルクロノシルセラミド(GSL-1またはGSL-4)、イソグロボトリヘキソシルセラミド(iGb3)、リポホスホグリカン(LPG)、リポホスファチジルコリン(LPC)、α-ガラクトシルセラミド類似体(OCH)、スレイト-ルセラミド、およびそれらのいずれかの誘導体からなる群より選択されるスフィンゴ糖脂質であり、および/または
(d)α-GalCerであるスフィンゴ糖脂質であり、および/または
(e)合成α-GalCer類似体であるスフィンゴ糖脂質であり、および/または
(f)合成α-GalCer類似体であるスフィンゴ糖脂質であり、ここで該合成α-GalCer類似体は、6’-デオキシ6’-アセトアミドα-GalCer(PBS57)、ナフチルウレアα-GalCer(NU-α-GC)、NC-α-GalCer、4ClPhC-α-GalCer、PyrC-α-GalCer、α-カルバ-GalCer、カルバ-α-D-ガラクト-スα-GalCer類似体(RCAI-56)、1-デオキシ-ネオ-イノシト-ルα-GalCer類似体(RCAI-59)、1-O-メチル化α-GalCer類似体(RCAI-92)、およびHS44アミノシクリト-ルセラミドからなる群より選択され、および/または
(g)細菌抗原、真菌抗原、原生動物抗原に由来する、
請求項1または2に記載の免疫賦活剤組成物。 - 少なくとも1種の抗腫瘍剤をさらに含む、請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載の免疫賦活剤組成物。
- 前記抗腫瘍剤組成物が、
(a)放射性核種、化学療法剤、機能性核酸、および機能性核酸を転写することができるポリヌクレオチドからなる群から選択される、および/または
(b)サイトトキシンである、および/または
(c)モルホリニルアントラサイクリン、マイタンシノイド、デュオカルマイシン、オ-リスタチン、カリケアマイシン(DNA損傷剤)、α-アマニチン(RNAポリメラ-ゼII阻害剤)、センタナマイシン、ピロロベンゾジアゼピン、ストレプトニグチン、窒素マスタ-ド、ニトロソルエ-ス、アルカンスルホネ-ト、ピリミジン類似体、プリン類似体、代謝拮抗剤、葉酸類似体、アントラサイクリン、タキサン、ビンカアルカロイド、トポイソメラ-ゼ阻害剤、ホルモン剤、およびこれらの組合せからなる群より選択される、および/または
(d)ネモルビシン、PNU-159682、イダルビシン、ダウノルビシン、カミノマイシン、およびドキソルビシンからなる群より選択されるモルホリニルアントラサイクリンである、および/または
(e)siRNA、miRNA、shRNA、lincRNA、アンチセンスRNA、およびリボザイムからなる群より選択される機能性核酸であって、任意選択で、該機能性核酸が、腫瘍細胞増殖、血管新生、または化学療法に対する抵抗性を促進する、および/またはアポト-シスまたは細胞周期停止を阻害する遺伝子を阻害する、機能性核酸である、
請求項4に記載の免疫賦活剤組成物。 - (a)前記抗腫瘍薬は、そのままの細菌由来のミニ細胞または殺された細菌細胞中に含まれ、および/または
(b)前記抗腫瘍剤は、そのままの細菌由来ミニ細胞または殺された細菌細胞に含まれ、および前記抗腫瘍剤を含む前記そのままの細菌由来ミニ細胞は、標的化剤をさらに含む、
請求項4または5に記載の免疫賦活剤組成物。 - (a)前記標的化剤は、二重特異性リガンドであり、および/または
(b)前記標的化剤は二重特異性リガンドであり、および該二重特異性リガンドはミニ細胞表面構造に対する特異性を有する第1のア-ムと、非食作用性哺乳動物細胞表面受容体に対する特異性を有する第2のア-ムとを含み、および/または
(c)前記標的化剤は二重特異性リガンドであり、および該二重特異性リガンドはミニ細胞表面構造に対する特異性を有する第1のア-ムと、非食作用性哺乳動物細胞表面受容体に対する特異性を有する第2のア-ムとを含み、ここで前記ミニ細胞表面構造は、ミニ細胞表面上のリポ多糖のO多糖成分であり、および/または
(d)[(b)または(c)]の非食作用性哺乳動物細胞表面受容体は、ミニ細胞または殺された細菌細胞のマクロピノサイト-シスを活性化することができる、請求項6に記載の免疫賦活剤組成物。 - (a)前記二重特異性リガンドは、二重特異性抗体または抗体断片を含み、および/または
(b)前記二重特異性リガンドは、二重特異性抗体または抗体断片を含み、ここで該抗体または抗体断片は、細菌由来のミニ細胞表面構造に対する特異性を有する第1の多価ア-ムと、癌細胞表面受容体に対する特異性を有する第2の多価ア-ムとを含み、該癌細胞表面受容体はミニ細胞のマクロピノサイト-シスを活性化することができる、
請求項7に記載の免疫賦活剤組成物。 - (a)CD1d拘束性のインバリアントナチュラルキラ-T(iNKT)細胞抗原をカプセル化した、そのままの細菌由来のミニ細胞または殺された細菌細胞の、免疫原性有効量、および
(b)被験体中の腫瘍細胞の死を誘導する、抗腫瘍剤または療法、
を、必要とする被検体に投与することを含む、腫瘍性疾患を治療する方法。 - (a)前記カプセル化されたCD1D拘束性iNKT細胞抗原は、食細胞によって取り込むことができ、および/または
(b) 前記食細胞は、樹状細胞またはマクロファ-ジであり、および/または
(c)前記CD1D拘束性iNKT細胞抗原は、CD1Dによって提示された抗原を認識するiNKT細胞によってTh1サイトカイン応答を誘導し、および/または
(D)前記CD1D拘束性iNKT細胞抗原は、スフィンゴ糖脂質であり、および/または
(e)前記CD1D拘束性iNKT細胞抗原は、スフィンゴ糖脂質であり、およびスフィンゴ糖脂質は、α-ガラクトシルセラミド(α-GalCer)、C-グリコシディフィック型α-ガラクトシルセラミド(α-C-GalCer)、12炭素アシル型ガラクトシルセラミド(β-GalCer)、β-D-グルコピラノシルセラミド(β-GlcCer)、1,2-ジアシル-O-ガラクトシル-sn-グリセロ-ル(BbGL-II)、ジアシルグリセロ-ル含有糖脂質(Glc-DAG-s2)、ガングリオシド(GD3)、ガングリオトリアセラミド(Gg3Cer)、グリコシルホスファチジルイノシト-ル(GPI)、α-グルクロノシルセラミド(GSL-1またはGSL-4)、イソグロボトリヘキソシルセラミド(iGb3)、リポホスホグリカン(LPG)、リポホスファチジルコリン(LPC)α-ガラクトシルセラミド類似体(OCH)、スレイト-ルセラミド、およびそれらのいずれかの誘導体の中から選択され、および/または(f)CD1D拘束性のiNKT細胞抗原はスフィンゴ糖脂質であり、該スフィンゴ糖脂質はα-GalCerであり、および/または
(g)前記CD1D拘束性iNKT細胞抗原は、スフィンゴ糖脂質であり、該スフィンゴ糖脂質は合成α-GalCer類似体であり、および/または
(h)前記CD1D拘束性iNKT細胞抗原は、スフィンゴ糖脂質であり、該スフィンゴ糖脂質は、合成α-GalCer類似体であり、6’-デオキシ-6’-アセトアミドα-GalCer(PBS57)、ナフチル尿素α-GalCer(NU-α-GC)、NC-α-GalCer、4ClPhC-α-GalCer、PyrC-α-GalCer、α-カルバ-GalCer、カルバ-α-D-ガラクト-スα-GalCer類似体(RCAI-56)、1-デオキシ-ネオ-イノシト-ルα-GalCer類似体(RCAI-59)、1-O-メチル化α-GalCer類似体(RCAI-92)、およびHS44アミノシクリト-ルセラミドの中から選択される合成α-GalCer類似体であり、および/または
(i)前記CD1D拘束性iNKT細胞抗原は、細菌抗原、真菌抗原、または原生動物抗原に由来する、
請求項9に記載の方法。 - (a)腫瘍細胞の死を誘導する前記療法は、抗腫瘍剤の投与を含み、および/または
(b)腫瘍細胞の死を誘導する前記療法は、抗腫瘍剤の投与を含み、および該抗腫瘍剤が、放射性核種、化学療法剤、機能性核酸、およびそこから機能性核酸を転写することができるポリヌクレオチドからなる群から選択され、および/または
(c)腫瘍細胞の死を誘導する前記療法は、抗腫瘍剤の投与を含み、および該抗腫瘍剤は、
(i)サイトトキシン、または
(ii)モルホリニルアントラサイクリン、マイタンシノイド、デュオカルマイシン、オ-リスタチン、カリケアマイシン(DNA損傷剤)、α-アマニチン(RNAポリメラ-ゼII阻害剤)、センタナマイシン、ピロロベンゾジアゼピン、ストレプトニグチン、窒素マスタ-ド、ニトロソルエ-ス、アルカンスルホネ-ト、ピリミジン類似体、プリン類似体、代謝拮抗剤、葉酸類似体、アントラサイクリン、タキサン、ビンカアルカロイド、トポイソメラ-ゼ阻害剤、ホルモン剤、およびこれらの組合せからなる群より選択され、または
(iii)ネモルビシン、PNU-159682、イダルビシン、ダウノルビシン、カミノマイシン、およびドキソルビシンからなる群より選択されるモルホリニルアントラサイクリン、または
(iv)siRNA、miRNA、shRNA、lincRNA、アンチセンスRNAおよびリボザイムからなる群より選択される機能性核酸、および任意選択で該機能性核酸が、腫瘍細胞増殖、血管新生、または化学療法に対する抵抗性を促進する遺伝子を阻害し、および/またはアポト-シスまたは細胞周期停止を阻害する、
請求項9または10に記載の方法。 - (a)化学療法剤は、そのままの細菌由来ミニ細胞に含まれ、および/または
(b)化学療法剤は、そのままの細菌由来ミニ細胞に含まれ、および化学療法剤を含むそのままの細菌由来ミニ細胞は、標的化剤をさらに含む、
請求項9~11のいずれか1項に記載の方法 - (a)前記標的化剤は二重特異性リガンドであり、および/または
(b)前記標的化剤は二重特異性リガンドであり、および該二重特異性リガンドはミニ細胞表面構造に対する特異性を有する第1のア-ムと、非食作用性哺乳動物細胞表面受容体に対する特異性を有する第2のア-ムとを含み、および/または
(c)前記標的化剤は二重特異性リガンドであり、該二重特異性リガンドはミニ細胞表面構造に対する特異性を有する第1のア-ムと、非食作用性哺乳動物細胞表面受容体に対する特異性を有する第2のア-ムとを含み、前記ミニ細胞表面構造はミニ細胞表面上のリポ多糖のO多糖成分であり、および/または
(d)[(b)または(c)]の非貪食性哺乳動物細胞表面受容体は、ミニ細胞のマクロピノサイト-シスを活性化することができ、および/または
(e)前記標的化剤は二重特異性リガンドであり、該二重特異性リガンドは二重特異性抗体または抗体断片を含み、および/または
請求項12に記載の方法。
(f)前記標的化剤は二重特異性リガンドであり、該二重特異性リガンドは二重特異性抗体または抗体断片を含み、抗体または抗体断片は細菌由来のミニ細胞表面構造に対する特異性を有する第1の多価ア-ムと、癌細胞表面受容体に対する特異性を有する第2の多価ア-ムとを含み、癌細胞表面受容体は、ミニ細胞のマクロピノサイト-シスを活性化することができる、
請求項12に記載の方法。 - 腫瘍細胞の死を誘導する前記抗腫瘍剤または療法が、CAR T細胞療法、腫瘍溶解性ウイルス療法、放射線療法、または手術を含む、請求項9~13のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- (a)前記カプセル化されたCD1d拘束性iNKT細胞抗原、および腫瘍細胞の死を誘導する前記抗腫瘍剤または療法が、同時に投与され、および/または
(b)前記カプセル化されたCD1d拘束性iNKT細胞抗原、および腫瘍細胞の死を誘導する前記抗腫瘍剤または療法が、連続的に投与され、および/または
(c)前記カプセル化されたCD1d拘束性iNKT細胞抗原、および腫瘍細胞の死を誘導する前記抗腫瘍剤または療法が、同じ組成物で投与され、
請求項9~14のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
(d)前記カプセル化されたCD1d拘束性のiNKT細胞抗原、および腫瘍細胞の死を誘導する前記抗腫瘍剤または療法が、別々の組成物で投与される、
請求項9~14のいずれか1項に記載の方法。 - 前記被検体が、哺乳動物、ヒト、非ヒト霊長類、イヌ、ネコ、ウシ、ヒツジ、ウサギ、ウマ、マウス、またはラットである請求項9~15のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- (a)前記腫瘍性疾患は癌であり、および/または
(b)前記腫瘍性疾患は癌であり、該癌は、肺癌、乳癌、脳癌、肝臓癌、結腸癌、膵臓癌、および膀胱癌からなる群より選択され、および/または
(c)前記腫瘍性疾患が癌であり、該癌は、急性リンパ芽球性白血病、急性骨髄性白血病、副腎皮質がん、エイズ関連のがん、エイズ関連リンパ腫、肛門がん、虫垂癌、星状細胞腫、非定型奇形腫、基底細胞癌、膀胱癌、脳幹グリオ-マ、脳腫瘍、乳がん、気管支腫瘍、バ-キットリンパ腫、原発部位不明癌、カルチノイド腫瘍、原発部位不明癌、中枢神経系非定型奇形腫様/ラブドイド腫瘍、中枢神経系胚芽腫、子宮頸がん、小児癌、脊索腫、慢性リンパ性白血病、慢性骨髄性白血病、慢性骨髄増殖性疾患、結腸癌、結腸直腸癌、頭蓋咽頭腫、皮膚T細胞リンパ腫、内分泌すい臓小島細胞腫瘍、子宮体がん、上衣芽細胞腫、上衣腫、食道がん、感覚神経肉腫、ユ-イング肉腫、頭蓋外胚細胞腫瘍、性腺外生殖細胞腫瘍、肝外胆管がん、胆嚢がん、胃(胃)がん、胃腸カルチノイド腫瘍、消化管間質細胞腫瘍、消化管間質腫瘍(GIST)、妊娠性絨毛腫瘍、神経膠腫、有毛細胞白血病、頭と首ガン、心臓のガン、ホジキンリンパ腫、下咽頭がん、眼内黒色腫、小島細胞腫瘍、カポジ肉腫、腎臓がん、ランゲルハンス細胞組織球症、喉頭ガン、唇のガン、肝臓癌、悪性繊維性組織サイトママの骨ガン、髄芽細胞腫、髄上皮腫、黒色腫、メルケル細胞癌、メルケル細胞皮膚癌、中皮腫、超自然的な予備選択による転移性扁平上皮首ガン、口ガン、複数の内分泌の腫瘍形成症候群、多発性骨髄腫、多発性骨髄腫/形質細胞新生物、菌状息肉腫、骨髄異形成症候群、鼻腔癌、鼻咽頭癌、神経芽腫、非ホジキンリンパ腫、非黒色腫皮膚がん、非小細胞肺癌、口腔癌、口腔がん、中咽頭がん、骨肉腫、その他の脳および脊髄腫瘍、卵巣がん、卵巣上皮ガン、卵巣胚細胞腫瘍、卵巣低悪性度腫瘍、膵がん、乳頭腫症、副鼻腔がん、副甲状腺ガン、骨盤がん、ペニスのがん、咽頭がん、中間的な分化を示す松果体実質細胞腫瘍、ピネオブラストマ、下垂体腫瘍、原発性中枢神経系(CNS)リンパ腫、原発性肝細胞がん、前立腺がん、直腸がん、腎臓がん、腎臓細胞(腎臓)がん、腎細胞がん、気道がん、網膜芽細胞腫、横紋筋肉腫、唾液腺がん、セザリ-症候群、小細胞肺がん、小腸がん、軟部組織肉腫、扁平上皮がん、扁平上皮頸部がん、胃(胃)がん、テント上原始神経外胚葉性腫瘍、T細胞がん、精巣がん、咽頭がん、胸腺腫、胸腺がん、甲状腺がん、移行上皮がん、腎盂および尿管の移行上皮がん、栄養芽層の腫瘍、尿道がん、子宮がん、子宮肉腫、膣がん、ワルデンシュトレ-ムマクログロブリン血症、およびウィルムス腫瘍からなる群より選択され、および/または
(d)前記腫瘍性疾患は癌であり、該癌は悪性であり、および/または
(e)前記腫瘍性疾患は癌であり、該癌は周期性または再発性癌である、
請求項9~16のいずれか1項に記載の方法。 - (a)前記カプセル化されたCD1d拘束性のiNKT細胞抗原および/または腫瘍細胞の死を誘導する抗腫瘍剤または療法は、複数回投与され、および/または
(b)前記カプセル化されたCD1d拘束性iNKT細胞抗原および/または腫瘍細胞の死を誘導する抗腫瘍剤または療法は、少なくとも週1回、数週間にわたって投与され、および/または
(c)前記カプセル化されたCD1d拘束性iNKT細胞抗原および/または腫瘍細胞の死を誘導する抗腫瘍剤または療法は、少なくとも週に1回、数週間~数ヵ月にわたって投与され、および/または
(d)前記カプセル化されたCD1d拘束性iNKT細胞抗原および/または腫瘍細胞の死を誘導する抗腫瘍剤または療法は、少なくとも週に1回、約2、約3、約4、約5、約6、約7、約8、約9、約10、約11、約12、約13、約14、約15、約16、約17、約18、約19または約20週間またはそれ以上にわたって投与され、および/または
(e)前記カプセル化されたCD1d拘束性iNKT細胞抗原および/または腫瘍細胞の死を誘導する前記抗腫瘍剤または療法は、毎週約2回投与され、および/または
(f)前記カプセル化されたCD1d拘束性iNKT細胞抗原および/または腫瘍細胞の死を誘導する前記抗腫瘍剤または療法は、約2、約3、約4、約5、約6、約7、約8、約9、約10、約11、約12、約13、約14、約15、約16、約17、約18、約19または約20週間以上にわたって、週2回投与される、
請求項9~17のいずれか1項に記載の方法。 - 腫瘍性疾患の治療のための、請求項1~8のいずれか1項に記載に免疫賦活剤組成物の使用。
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