JP2022513654A - Antioxidant Mixture for Low Viscosity Polyalkylene Glycol Base Stock - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a lubricant comprising a polyalkylene glycol basestock, an aromatic amine of formula (I) as defined below and a thioether of formula (II) as defined below. The present invention further comprises a method of preparing a lubricant comprising contacting a polyalkylene glycol base stock, an aromatic amine of formula (I) and a thioether of formula (II); and a polyalkylene glycol base stock, formula (I). ) Contains a method of reducing the oxidative degradation of the lubricant, comprising the step of contacting the aromatic amine of formula (II) with the thioether of formula (II). [Selection diagram] None TIFF2022513654000013.tif61161

Description

The present invention relates to a lubricant comprising a polyalkylene glycol basestock, an aromatic amine of formula (I) as defined below and a thioether of formula (II) as defined below. The present invention further comprises a method of preparing a lubricant comprising contacting a polyalkylene glycol base stock, an aromatic amine of formula (I) and a thioether of formula (II); and a polyalkylene glycol base stock, formula (I). ) Containing a method of reducing the oxidative degradation of the lubricant, comprising contacting the aromatic amine of formula (II) with the thioether of formula (II). Combinations of preferred embodiments with other preferred embodiments are within the scope of the invention.

Lubricants containing polyalkylene glycol basestock tend to decompose when heated for extended periods of time.

The aim was to find an antioxidant that reduces the decomposition of polyalkylene glycol basestock at elevated temperatures.

The purpose of this is polyalkylene glycol base stock,
Aromatic amine of formula (I)

(式中、R1及びR2はHであるか又は一緒になって基A

(In the equation, R1 and R2 are H or together, the group A

を表し、R3及びR4は独立してH又はC₂～C₃₀アルキルである)、
及び式(II)のチオエーテル

, R3 and R4 are independently H or C ₂ to C ₃₀ alkyl),
And the thioether of equation (II)

を含む潤滑剤により解決された。

It was solved by a lubricant containing.

This object was also solved by a method of preparing a lubricant comprising contacting a polyalkylene glycol basestock, a thioether of formula (II) and an aromatic amine of formula (I).

This object was also solved by a method of reducing the oxidative degradation of the polyalkylene glycol basestock, which comprises contacting the polyalkylene glycol basestock, the thioether of formula (II) and the aromatic amine of formula (I). ..

Polyalkylene glycol basestocks are usually alkoxylated alcohols, preferably ethoxylated and propoxylated, C ₁ to C ₂₀ alkanols or C ₂ to C ₂₀ alkanediols, especially ethoxylated and propoxylated C ₁ to C ₈ Alkanol.

Suitable alkoxylated alcohols are ethoxylated, ethoxylated and propoxylated or ethoxylated and butoxylated. Preferably, the alkoxylated alcohol is ethoxylated and propoxylated.

Alkoxylated alcohols can have a number average molecular weight Mn in the range of 400 to 10000 Da, preferably 700 to 3000 Da, especially 1000 to 1500 Da. Mn can be calculated based on the hydroxy value.

Alkoxylated alcohols can contain 20-80 wt% ethylene oxide units and 80-20 wt% propylene oxide units. The alkoxylated alcohol preferably contains 30 to 70 wt% ethylene oxide units and 70 to 30 wt% propylene oxide units. In particular, the alkoxylated alcohol contains 40-60 wt% ethylene oxide units and 60-40 wt% propylene oxide units. The wt% of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide is usually 100 wt% in total.

The alkoxy groups in the alkoxylated alcohol can be random or block sequences. Preferably, the alkoxy groups (eg, ethoxy and propoxy groups) in the alkoxylated alcohol are random sequences.

Alkoxylated (eg, ethoxylated and propoxylated) The polyalkoxylate chain of the alcohol may be terminated with a hydroxy group or C ₁ to C ₄ alkyl, preferably a hydroxy group.

Suitable alcohol units in the alkoxylated alcohols are linear or branched, C ₁ to C ₂₀ alkanols or C ₂ to C ₂₀ alkane diols, preferably C ₁ to C ₈ alkanols or C ₂ to C ₈ alkane diols. , Especially C ₁ to C ₆ alkanols or C ₂ to C ₆ alkanediols.

In another preferred embodiment, the alcohol units in the alkoxylated (eg, ethoxylated and propoxylated) alcohols are linear or branched C ₁ to C ₁₂ alkanols, preferably C ₁ to C ₆ alkanols, especially C ₁ ~ C ₄ alkanol.

The alcohol unit in the alkoxylated alcohol can be a technical mixture of various chain lengths and isomers.

Polyalkylene glycol base stocks can have kinematic viscosities at 40 ° C. in the range of 10-300 mm ² / s, preferably 20-150 mm ² / s, especially 35-80 mm ² / s.

Polyalkylene glycol base stocks can have kinematic viscosities at 100 ° C. in the range of 3-80 mm ² / s, preferably 5-40 mm ² / s, especially 8-20 mm ² / s.

The kinematic viscosity can be determined according to ASTM D 445.

The polyalkylene glycol base stock can be water soluble (eg at 20 ° C.), eg at least 10 g / l, preferably at least 100 g / l.

The lubricant may contain at least 50 wt%, preferably at least 70 wt%, particularly at least 90 wt% polyalkylene glycol base.

Aromatic amine is given by formula (I)

(式中、R1及びR2はHであるか又は一緒になって基A

(In the equation, R1 and R2 are H or together, the group A

を表し、R3及びR4は独立してH又はC₂～C₃₀アルキルである)
のものである。

R3 and R4 are independently H or C ₂ to C ₃₀ alkyl)
belongs to.

In one form of aromatic amine, R1 and R2 are H. In another form of aromatic amine, R1 and R2 together represent the group A.

R3 is usually at the 4th position of the phenyl ring.

In a preferred embodiment, R1 and R2 together represent the group A, R3 is H, and R4 is C ₂ to C ₃₀ alkyl.

In another preferred embodiment, R1 and R2 are H and R3 and R4 are independently C ₂ to C ₃₀ alkyl.

Suitable R3 and R4 are independently H or n-propyl, isopropyl, n-, iso-or tert-butyl, n-pentyl, isoamyl, neopentyl, 2-ethylbutyl, n-hexyl, 1-methylpentyl, 1, 3-Dimethylbutyl, n-heptyl, isoheptyl, n-octyl, 1,4,4-trimethyl-2-pentyl, 3,4-,3,5- or 4,5-dimethyl-1-hexyl, 3-or 5-Methyl-1-heptyl, 1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutyl, 2-ethylhexyl, branched octyl, branched octyl obtained from the dimer of isobutylene, n-nonyl, 1,1, 3-trimethylhexyl, branched nonyl obtained from tripropylene tripropylene, 1-methylundecyl, 2-n-butyl-n-octyl, isobutylene trimeric or propylene tetramer Branched dodecyl, branched pentadecyl obtained from the pentamer of propylene, 2-n-hexyl-n-decyl or 2-n-octyl-n-dodecyl.

Preferably, R3 and R4 are independently H or C ₈ to C ₁₈ alkyl, or both are C ₈ to C ₁₈ alkyl.

In another preferred embodiment, R3 and R4 are independently H or branched C ₈ to C ₁₈ alkyl, or both branched C ₈ to C ₁₈ alkyl.

In another preferred embodiment, R3 and R4 are independently of branched octyl obtained from the dimer of H or isobutylene, branched nonyl obtained from the trimer of tripropylene, trimer of isobutylene or propylene. It is a branched dodecyl obtained from a tetramer or a branched pentadecyl obtained from a pentamer of propylene.

In the preferred form, the aromatic amine is of formula (Ia).

(式中、R1、R2、R3及びR4は上に定義されたとおりである)
のものである。

(In the equation, R1, R2, R3 and R4 are as defined above)
belongs to.

Aromatic amines of formula (I) are known and commercially available, such as BASF SE, Irganox® L06 or Irganox® L57 from Germany.

The lubricant may contain 0.05-5 wt%, preferably 0.1-3 wt%, particularly 0.5-1.0 wt% aromatic amines.

The thioether of formula (II) is commercially available.

The lubricant may contain 0.05-5 wt%, preferably 0.1-3 wt%, particularly 0.5-1.0 wt% thioether of formula (II).

The weight ratio of thioether to aromatic amines can be 1.5: 1 to 1: 1.5, preferably 2: 1 to 1: 2, especially 5: 1 to 1: 5.

Lubricant usually refers to a composition capable of reducing friction between surfaces (preferably metal surfaces), eg, surfaces of mechanical devices. A mechanical device can be a mechanism consisting of devices that operate on a mechanical principle. Suitable mechanical devices are bearings, gears, joints and guide devices. Mechanical equipment can be operated at temperatures in the range of -30 ° C to 80 ° C. Lubricants are usually formulated specifically for virtually all types of machinery and manufacturing processes. The type and concentration of base oil and / or lubricant additives used in these lubricants is selected based on the requirements of the machine or process to be lubricated, the quality required by the machine manufacturer and user, and government regulations. Can be done. Typically, each lubricant has a unique set of performance requirements. In addition to proper lubrication of the machine or process, these requirements may include the maintenance of the quality of the lubricant itself and the impact of the use and disposal of the lubricant on energy use, environmental quality and user health.

Typical lubricants are automotive lubricants (eg gasoline engine oils, diesel engine oils, gas engine oils, gas turbine oils, automatic transmission fluids, gear oils) and industrial lubricants (eg industrial gear oils, for pneumatic tools). Lubricating oil, high temperature oil, gas compressor oil, hydraulically operated fluid, metal processing fluid).

Examples of lubricants are axle lubrication, medium and heavy duty engine oils, industrial engine oils, marine engine oils, automotive engine oils, crankshaft oils, compressor oils, refrigerating machine oils, hydrocarbon compressor oils, cryogenic temperatures. Lubricating oils, high temperature lubricating oils, wire rope lubricants, textile machine oils, refrigerating machine oils, aviation and aerospace lubricants, aviation turbine oils, transmission oils, gas turbine oils, spindle oils, spin oils, traction fluids, transmissions Oil, plastic transmission oil, passenger car transmission oil, truck transmission oil, industrial transmission oil, industrial gear oil, insulating oil, instrument oil, brake fluid, transmission liquid, shock absorber oil, heat distribution medium oil, transformer oil , Fat, chain oil, minimum amount of lubricant for metal processing work, oil for warm and cold processing, oil for water-based metal processing liquid, neat oil oil for metal processing fluid, half Oil for synthetic metal processing fluids, oil for synthetic metal processing fluids, drilling cleaners for soil surveys, hydraulic oils, biodegradable lubricants or lubricating greases or waxes, chainsaw oils, mold release agents, molding Fluid, gun, pistol and rifle lubricants or watch lubricants and food grade approved lubricants.

Lubricants can usually have kinematic viscosities of at least 10, 50, 100, 150, 200, 300, 400, 500, 600, 900, 1400 or 2000 mm ² / s at 40 ° C. In another embodiment, the lubricant can usually have a kinematic viscosity of 200 to 10000 mm ² / s (cSt), preferably 500 to 3000 mm ² / s, especially 1000 to 1500 mm ² / s at 40 ° C.

Lubricants can usually have at least 2, 3, 5, 10, 20, 30, 40 or 50 mm ² / s kinematic viscosities at 100 ° C. In another embodiment, the lubricant may have kinematic viscosities of 10 to 5000 mm ² / s (cSt), preferably 30 to 3000 mm ² / s, especially 50 to 2000 mm ² / s at 100 ° C.

The lubricant can have a viscosity index of at least 50, 75, 100, 120, 140, 150, 160, 170, 180, 190 or 200.

The lubricant is usually a lubricant, a lubricating oil or a lubricating grease.

Lubricants are usually
—— In addition to polyalkylene glycol basestock, additional base oils selected from mineral oils, polyalphaolefins, polymerized and copolymerized olefins, alkylnaphthalene, alkylene oxide polymers, silicone oils, phosphate esters and carboxylic acid esters, and / or
--Additional lubricant additives.

The lubricant usually contains up to 10 wt%, preferably up to 5 wt%, especially up to 1 wt% of additional base oil. In another form, the lubricant does not contain additional base oil.

Additional base oils are mineral oils (Group I, II or III oils), polyalphaolefins (Group IV oils), polymerization and copolymerization olefins, alkylnaphthalene, alkylene oxide polymers, silicone oils, phosphate esters and carboxylic acid esters (Group V). Can be selected from the group consisting of (oil). Preferably, the base oil is selected from Group I, Group II, Group III base oils or mixtures thereof as defined by the API. The definition of base oil is given in the American Petroleum Institute (API) publication "Engine Oil Licensing and Certification System", lndustry Services Department, 14th Edition, December 1996, Addendum 1, December 1998. It is the same as what has been done. The publications classify base oils as follows:

a) Group I base oils contain less than 90% saturated (ASTM D 2007) and / or more than 0.03% sulfur (ASTM D 2622) and have a viscosity index of greater than or equal to 80 and less than 120 (ASTM D 2270). ).

b) Group II base oils contain 90 percent or more saturated and 0.03 percent or less sulfur and have a viscosity index of 80 or more and less than 120.

c) Group III base oils contain 90 percent or more of saturation and 0.03 percent or less of sulfur and have a viscosity index of 120 or more.

d) Group IV base oils contain polyalphaolefins. Polyalphaolefins (PAOs) typically include known PAO materials containing relatively low molecular weight hydrogenated polymers or oligomers of alphaolefins, including but not limited to C2 to about C32 alphaolefins. From C8 to about C16 alpha olefins such as 1-octene, 1-decene, 1-dodecene and the like are preferred. Preferred polyalphaolefins are poly-1-octene, poly-1-decene and poly-1-dodecene.

e) Group V base oils contain any base oils not represented by groups I through IV. Examples of Group V base oils include alkylnaphthalene, alkylene oxide polymers, silicone oils and phosphate esters.

Synthetic base oils are hydrocarbon oils and halo-substituted hydrocarbon oils such as polymerized and copolymerized olefins (eg polypropylene, propylene-isobutylene copolymers, chlorinated polybutylene, poly (1-hexene), poly (1-octene), poly (1). -Desen)); Alkylbenzene (eg dodecylbenzene, tetradecylbenzene, dinonylbenzene, di (2-ethylhexyl) benzene); poly-phenyl (eg biphenyl, terphenyl, alkylated polyphenols); and alkylated diphenyl ethers and alkylated Includes diphenylsulfides and derivatives thereof, analogs and homologs thereof.

Alkylene oxide polymers and interpolymers and their derivatives, the terminal hydroxy groups modified by esterification, etherification, etc., constitute another class of known synthetic base oils. These include polyoxyalkylene polymers prepared by polymerization of ethylene oxide and / or propylene oxide as well as alkyl and aryl ethers of polyoxyalkylene polymers (eg, methyl-polyisopropylene glycol ethers with a molecular weight of 1000 or molecular weights of 1000 to 1500). Polyethylene glycol diphenyl ethers); and their mono- and polycarboxylic acid esters such as tetraethylene glycol acetates, mixed C3-C8 fatty acid esters and C13 oxoacid diesters.

Silicon-based oils such as polyalkyl-, polyaryl-, polyalkoxy-or polyaryloxysilicone oils and silicate oils constitute another useful class of synthetic base oils, such base oils being tetraethyl silicate, silicate. Tetraisopropyl acidate, tetra- (2-ethylhexyl) silicate, tetra- (4-methyl-2-ethyl-hexyl) silicate, tetra- (p-tert-butyl-phenyl) silicate, hexa- (4-methyl-2-) Includes ethylhexyl) disiloxane, poly (methyl) siloxane and poly (methylphenyl) siloxane. Other synthetic base oils include liquid esters of phosphorus-containing acids (eg, tricresyl phosphate, trioctyl phosphate, diethyl esters of decylphosphonic acid) and polymer tetrahydrofuran.

Suitable lubricant additives are viscosity index improvers, polymer thickeners, corrosion inhibitors, detergents, dispersants, defoaming agents, dyes, wear protection additives, extreme pressure additives (EP additives), wear resistance. It can be selected from additives (AW additives), friction modifiers, metal deactivators, and flow point lowering agents.

Viscosity index improvers include high molecular weight polymers that increase the relative viscosity of the oil more at high temperatures than at low temperatures. Viscore index improvers include polyacrylates, polymethacrylates, alkylmethacrylates, vinylpyrrolidone / methacrylate copolymers, polyvinylpyrrolidones, polybutenes, olefin copolymers such as ethylene-propylene copolymers or styrene-butadiene copolymers or polyalkenes such as PIB, styrene / acrylate copolymers and polys. Includes ethers as well as combinations thereof. The most common Vl improvers are methacrylate polymers and copolymers, acrylate polymers, olefin polymers and copolymers and styrene butadiene copolymers. Other examples of viscosity index improvers include polymethacrylates, polyisobutylenes, alpha-olefin polymers, alpha-olefin copolymers (eg, ethylenepropylene copolymers), polyalkylstyrenes, phenol condensates, naphthalene condensates, styrene butadiene copolymers and the like. Of these, polymethacrylates with a number average molecular weight of 10000 to 300,000 and alpha-olefin polymers or alpha-olefin copolymers with a number average molecular weight of 1000 to 30000, especially ethylene-alpha-olefins with a number average molecular weight of 1000 to 10000. Copolymers are preferred. The viscosity index increasing agent can be conveniently added and used individually or in the form of a mixture in an amount in the range of ≧ 0.05 to ≦ 20.0% by weight based on the weight of the base stock.

Suitable (polymer) thickeners include, but are not limited to, polyisobutene (PIB), oligomer copolymers (OCPs), polymethacrylates (PMA), styrene and butadiene copolymers or high viscosity esters (composite esters).

Corrosion inhibitors can include a variety of oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur and phosphorus-containing materials, including metal-containing compounds (salts, organic metals, etc.) and non-metal-containing or ash-free materials. Corrosion inhibitors include, for example, hydrocarbyl-type, aryl-type, alkyl-type, arylalkyl-type and alkylaryl-type detergents (neutral, overbased), sulfonate, phenate, salicylate, alcoholate, carboxylate, salixarate ( salixarate), phosphite, phosphate, thiophosphate, amines, amine salts, amine phosphates, amine sulfonates, alkoxylated amines, etheramines, polyetheramines, amides, imides, azoles, diazoles, triazoles, benzotriazoles, benzos. Thiasol (benzothiadoles), mercapto-benzothiazole, tolyltriazole (TTZ type), heterocyclic amines, heterocyclic sulfides, thiazol, thiazyl, mercaptothiazol, dimercaptothiadoles (DMTD type), imidazole, benzoimidazole, dithiobenzoimidazole. , Imidazoline, oxazoline, Mannig reaction products, glycidyl ethers, anhydrides, carbamate, thiocarbamate, dithiocarbamate, polyglycols and the like, or mixtures thereof.

The cleaning agent contains a cleaning agent that adheres to dust particles and prevents the particles from adhering to important surfaces. The cleaning agent can also adhere to the metal surface itself to keep the surface clean and prevent corrosion from occurring. Detergents include calcium alkylsalicylate, calcium alkylcolate and calcium alkalil sulfonate, and alternative metal ions such as magnesium, barium or sodium are used. Examples of cleaning and dispersants that can be used are metal-based detergents such as neutral and basic alkaline earth metal sulfonates, alkaline earth metal phenates and alkaline earth metal salicylate alkenyl succinimide and alkenyl succinimide esters. It contains its borohydride, phenate, salienius complex detergent and ashless dispersant modified with sulfur compounds. These agonists can conveniently be added and used individually or in the form of mixtures in amounts ranging from ≧ 0.01 to ≦ 1.0% by weight based on the weight of the base stock, which are also high. It can be a total base value (TBN), low TBN or a mixture of high / low TBN.

Dispersants are lubricant additives that help prevent sludge, varnishes and other deposits from forming on critical surfaces. Dispersants include succinimide dispersants (eg, N-substituted long chain alkenyl succinimides), Mannig dispersants, ester-containing dispersants, condensation products of adihydrocarbylmonocarboxylic acid acylating agents with amines or ammonia, alkylaminophenol dispersants, It can be a hydrocarbyl-amine dispersant, a polyether dispersant or a polyetheramine dispersant. In one embodiment, the succinimide dispersant comprises a polyisobutylene substituted succinimide, and the polyisobutylene from which the dispersant is derived may have a number average molecular weight of about 400 to about 5000 or about 950 to about 1600. In one embodiment, the dispersant comprises a borate dispersant. Typically, the borate dispersant comprises a succinimide dispersant comprising polyisobutylene succinimide, and the polyisobutylene from which the dispersant is derived can have a number average molecular weight of about 400 to about 5000. The borate dispersant is described in more detail in the extreme pressure agent description above.

The defoaming agent can be selected from silicone, polyacrylate and the like. The amount of defoaming agent in the lubricant composition described herein can range from ≧ 0.001 wt% to ≦ 0.1 wt% relative to the total weight of the formulation. As a further example, the antifoaming agent can be present in an amount of about 0.004 wt% to about 0.008 wt%.

Suitable extreme pressure agents are sulfur-containing compounds. In one embodiment, the sulfur-containing compound can be a sulphide olefin, a polysulfide or a mixture thereof. Examples of sulphide olefins are sulphide olefins derived from propylene, isobutylene, penten; organic sulfides and / or polysulfides containing benzyl disulfides; bis- (chlorobenzyl) disulfides; dibutyltetrasulfides; di-tert-butylpolysulfides; and oleic acid sulfides. Includes methyl esters, alkylphenols sulfides, dipentene sulfides, terpenes sulfides, deals-alder additions, alkylsulfenyl N'N-dialkyldithiocarbamates; or mixtures thereof. In one embodiment, the olefin sulfide comprises an olefin sulfide derived from propylene, isobutylene, pentene or a mixture thereof. In one embodiment, the sulfur-containing compound, which is an extreme pressure additive, comprises dimercaptothiadiazole or a derivative or a mixture thereof. Examples of dimercaptothiadiazole include compounds such as 2,5-dimercapto-1,3,4-thiadiazole or hydrocarbyl substitution 2,5-dimercapto-1,3,4-thiadiazole or oligomers thereof. Hydrocarbyl-substituted 2,5-dimercapto-1,3,4-thiadiazole oligomers typically form a sulfur-sulfur bond between the 2,5-dimercapto-1,3,4-thiadiazole units, two It is formed by forming the above-mentioned thiadiazole unit derivative or oligomer. Suitable compounds derived from 2,5-dimercapto-1,3,4-thiadiazole are, for example, 2,5-bis (tert-nonyldithio) -1,3,4-thiadiazole or 2-tert-nonyldithio-5-mercapto-1. , 3,4-Contains thiadiazole. Hydrocarbyl Substitution The number of carbon atoms on the hydrocarbyl substituent of 2,5-dimercapto-1,3,4-thiadiazole typically comprises 1 to 30 or 2 to 20 or 3 to 16. Extreme pressure additives include compounds containing boron and / or sulfur and / or phosphorus. Extreme pressure agents may be present in the lubricant composition at 0 wt% to about 20 wt% or from about 0.05 wt% to about 10.0 wt% or from about 0.1 wt% to about 8 wt%.

Examples of anti-wear additives are organic borates, organic phosphites such as didodecyl phosphite, organic sulfur-containing compounds such as mackerel sulfide oil or terpene sulfide, zinc dialkyldithiophosphates, zincdiaryldithiophosphates, phosphosulfurized carbonizations. Includes hydrogen and any combination thereof.

Friction modifiers can include metal-containing compounds or materials and ashless compounds or materials or mixtures thereof. The metal-containing friction modifier comprises a metal salt or a metal-ligand complex, and the metal may comprise an alkali, alkaline earth or transition group metal. Such metal-containing friction modifiers may also have low ash properties. Transition metals can include Mo, Sb, Sn, Fe, Cu, Zn and the like. The ligands are alcohol, polyol, glycerol, partial ester glycerol, thiol, carboxylate, carbamate, thiocarbamate, dithiocarbamate, phosphate, thiophosphate, dithiophosphate, amide, imide, amine, thiazole, thiadiazol, dithiazole, diazole, triazole. Hydrocarbyl derivatives of the above and other polar molecular functional groups containing effective amounts of O, N, S or P individually or in combination. In particular, Mo-containing compounds such as Mo-dithiocarbamate, Mo (DTC), Mo-dithiophosphate, Mo (DTP), Mo-amine, Mo (Am), Mo-alcolate, Mo-alcohol-amide, etc. are particularly effective. Can be.

The ashless friction modifier may also include a lubricating material containing an effective amount of polar groups, such as hydroxyl-containing hydrocarbyl base oils, glycerides, partial glycerides, glyceride derivatives and the like. Polar groups in the friction modifier may include hydrocarbyl groups containing effective amounts of O, N, S or P individually or in combination. Other friction modifiers that may be particularly effective are salts such as fatty acids, fatty alcohols, fatty amides, fatty esters, hydroxyl-containing carboxylates and equivalent synthetic long chain hydrocarbyl acids, alcohols, amides, esters, hydroxycarboxylates (ash). Includes both containing and non-ash derivatives). In some cases, fatty organic acids, fatty amines and sulfurized fatty acids may be used as suitable friction modifiers. Examples of friction modifiers include fatty acid esters and amides, organic molybdenum compounds, molybdenum dialkylthiocarbamate and molybdenum dialkyldithiophosphate.

Suitable metal inactivating agents are benzotriazoles and derivatives thereof, such as 4- or 5-alkylbenzotriazoles (eg, triazoles) and derivatives thereof, 4,5,6,7-tetrahydrobenzotriazoles and 5,5'-methylenebis. Benzotriazoles; benzotriazoles or mannic bases of triazoles, such as 1- [bis (2-ethyl-hexyl) aminomethyl) triazoles and 1- [bis (2-ethylhexyl) aminomethyl) benzotriazoles; and alkoxy-alkylbenzotriazoles, For example, 1- (nonyloxymethyl) benzotriazole, 1- (1-butoxyethyl) benzotriazole and 1- (1-cyclohexyloxybutyl) triazole, and combinations thereof are included. Additional non-limiting examples of one or more metal inactivating agents are 1,2,4-triazole and its derivatives such as 3-alkyl (or aryl) -1,2,4-triazole and 1,2, Mannig base of 4-triazole, eg 1- [bis (2-ethylhexyl) aminomethyl-1,2,4-triazole; alkoxyalkyl-1,2,4-triazole, eg 1- (1-butoxyethyl) -1. , 2,4-Triazole; and acylated 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole, imidazole derivatives such as 4,4'-methylenebis (2-undecyl-5-methylimidazole) and bis [(N-methyl). Imidazol-2-yl] Carbinol octyl ether and combinations thereof. Further non-limiting examples of one or more metal inactivating agents are sulfur-containing heterocyclic compounds such as 2-mercaptobenzothiazole, 2,5-dimercapto-1,3,4-thiadiazole and derivatives thereof; and 3 , 5-Bis [di (2-ethylhexyl) aminomethyl] -1,3,4-thiadiazole-2-one and combinations thereof. Still more non-limiting examples of one or more metal inactivating agents include amino compounds such as salicylidene propylene diamine, salicylaminoguanidine and salts thereof, and combinations thereof. The amount of one or more metal inactivating agents in the composition is not particularly limited, but is typically about 0.01 to about 0.1, about 0.05 to about 0.01 or about 0.07 to about 0.1 based on the weight of the composition. It is present in an amount of wt%. Alternatively, the one or more metal inactivating agents may be present in an amount of less than about 0.1 wt%, less than about 0.7 wt% or less than about 0.5 wt% based on the weight of the composition.

Pour point depressants (PPDs) include polymethacrylates, alkylated naphthalene derivatives and combinations thereof. Commonly used additives such as alkyl aromatic polymers and polymethacrylates are also useful for this purpose. Typically, the treat rate ranges from ≧ 0.001 wt% to ≦ 1.0 wt% with respect to the weight of the base stock.

Deemulsifiers include trialkyl phosphates and various polymers and copolymers of ethylene glycol, ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, or mixtures thereof.

[Example]
PAG Basestock: Random ethoxylated and propoxylated butanol, 50 wt% ethylene oxide units, Mn approx. 1200 g / mol (based on OH value), KV40 approx. 50 mm ² / s, KV100 approx. 10 mm ² / s.

Amine Antioxidants A: R1 and R2 are H, and R3 and R4 are independently contained in the aromatic amine of formula (I) containing branched octyl, CAS [68411-46-1].

Amine Antioxidants B: R1 and R2 together represent the group A, where R3 is H and R4 is a branched octyl, an aromatic amine of formula (I), CAS [51772-35-1]. ..

Thioether Antioxidant: Thioether of formula (II).

[Example 1]
Lubricant samples (30 g each) contained PAG basestock and 0.75 wt% thioether thioether oxidants and 0.75 wt% amine oxidants as shown in Table 1.

[Example 2]
The lubricant samples from Example 1 (30 g each) were stored in an open flask at 150 ° C. for several weeks in the presence of a round copper blank (thickness 1 mm, diameter 16 mm, about 2 g) without stirring. Determine KV40 and summarize the results in Table 2. KV40 before heating was set to 100%.

This data showed that there was only a slight increase or decrease in viscosity due to the disintegration of the polyalkylene glycol base stock.

Claims (14)

Polyalkylene glycol base stock,
Aromatic amine of formula (I)

(In the equation, R1 and R2 are H or together, the group A

R3 and R4 are independently H or C ₂ to C ₃₀ alkyl), and the thioether of formula (II).

Lubricants including. The lubricant according to claim 1, which comprises 0.05 to 5 wt%, preferably 0.1 to 3 wt%, particularly 0.5 to 1.0 wt% aromatic amine. The lubricant according to claim 1 or 2, comprising 0.05 to 5 wt%, preferably 0.1 to 3 wt%, particularly 0.5 to 1.0 wt% thioether. In any one of claims 1 to 3, the weight ratio of thioether to aromatic amine can be 1.5: 1 to 1: 1.5, preferably 2: 1 to 1: 2, especially 5: 1 to 1: 5. The lubricant described. The lubricant according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the polyalkylene glycol base stock has a kinematic viscosity at 40 ° C. in the range of 10 to 300 mm ² / s. The lubricant according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the polyalkylene glycol basestock is an ethoxylated and propoxylated C ₁ to C ₂₀ alkanol or C ₂ to C ₂₀ alkanediol. The lubricant according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the polyalkylene glycol base stock is an ethoxylated and propoxylated C ₁ to C ₈ alkanol. The lubrication according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the polyalkylene glycol base stock is an alkoxylated alcohol having a number average molecular weight Mn in the range of 400 to 10000 Da, preferably 700 to 3000 Da, particularly 1000 to 1500 Da. Agent. The lubricant according to any one of claims 6 to 8, wherein the alkoxylated alcohol contains 30 to 70 wt% ethylene oxide units and 70 to 30 wt% propylene oxide units. The lubricant according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein R1 and R2 together represent the group A, R3 is H, and R4 is C ₂ to C ₃₀ alkyl. The lubricant according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein R1 and R2 are H, and R3 and R4 are independently C ₂ to C ₃₀ alkyl. R3 and R4 are independently H or n-propyl, isopropyl, n-, iso-or tert-butyl, n-pentyl, isoamyl, neopentyl, 2-ethylbutyl, n-hexyl, 1-methylpentyl, 1,3- Dimethylbutyl, n-heptyl, isoheptyl, n-octyl, 1,4,4-trimethyl-2-pentyl, 3,4-,3,5- or 4,5-dimethyl-1-hexyl, 3- or 5- Methyl-1-heptyl, 1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutyl, 2-ethylhexyl, branched octyl, branched octyl obtained from the dimer of isobutylene, n-nonyl, 1,1,3- Branched nonyl obtained from trimethylhexyl, tripropylene trimeric, 1-methylundecyl, 2-n-butyl-n-octyl, isobtylene trimeric or branched obtained from propylene tetramer The dodecyl, a branched pentadecyl obtained from a pentamer of propylene, 2-n-hexyl-n-decyl or 2-n-octyl-n-dodecyl, according to any one of claims 1 to 11. lubricant. The method of preparing the lubricant according to any one of claims 1 to 12, comprising contacting a polyalkylene glycol base stock, an aromatic amine of formula (I) and a thioether of formula (II). The oxidative decomposition of the polyalkylene glycol base stock according to any one of claims 1 to 13, comprising contacting the polyalkylene glycol base stock with the aromatic amine of formula (I) and the thioether of formula (II). How to reduce.