JP2022500861A - 透過性光起電力デバイス用の多層透過性電極の方法およびシステム - Google Patents
透過性光起電力デバイス用の多層透過性電極の方法およびシステム Download PDFInfo
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- H01L31/042—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells
- H01L31/0445—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells including thin film solar cells, e.g. single thin film a-Si, CIS or CdTe solar cells
- H01L31/046—PV modules composed of a plurality of thin film solar cells deposited on the same substrate
- H01L31/0468—PV modules composed of a plurality of thin film solar cells deposited on the same substrate comprising specific means for obtaining partial light transmission through the module, e.g. partially transparent thin film solar modules for windows
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Abstract
Description
[0001]本出願は、2018年9月14日に出願された「Method and System for Multilayer Transparent Electrode for Transparent Photovoltaic Devices」と題された米国仮特許出願第62/731,600号明細書の優先権を主張し、その開示は、すべての目的のためにその全体が参照により本明細書に組み込まれる。
ここで、λは波長、Tは透過、Pは明所視反応、Sは窓用途の場合は太陽光子束(AM1.5G)、その他の用途の場合は1である。AVTは、窓業界ではTvisとも呼ばれる。本発明の目的のために、「透過性」という言葉は、ゼロより大きいAVTを意味する。
図15Bは、AM1.5G照明に較正された太陽光シミュレータの下で試験されたOPVの実験的な電流密度−電圧曲線1510を示している。図15Cは、実験から得られたスタック#10の対応する外部量子効率(EQE)曲線1512対波長を示している。図15Dは、実験から得られた対応する透過曲線1514対波長を示している。
式中、TsolおよびAsolは、IGUを通過する入射太陽放射の透過率および吸収率であり、Nは、IGUを介して吸収された熱の内向きに流れる部分(対流と放射の両方)である。選択性は、SHGCに対するIGUのAVTの比率(AVT/SHGC)として定義される。TsolはSHGCと線形に関連しているため、AVT/Tsolの値が高いと、一般に選択性の値が高くなる。したがって、デバイスをNIRおよびIRで高い反射率を持つように設計することにより、SHGCを減らすことができる。できるだけ多くの非可視光を阻止しながら高いAVTを維持することにより、透過性光起電力デバイスを高い選択性で設計でき、これは低放射率窓の性能メトリックの1つである。
略語のリスト:
・TPBi:2,2’,2’’−(1,3,5−ベンジントリイル)−トリス(1−フェニル−1−H−ベンズイミダゾール)
・HATCN:ジピラジノ[2,3−f:2’,3’−h]キノキサリン−2,3,6,7,10,11−ヘキサカルボニトリル
・TAPC:4,4’−シクロヘキシリデンビス[N,N−ビス(4−メチルフェニル)ベンゼンアミン]
・BCP:バトクプロイン
・ BPhen:Bathophenanthroline
・スピロ−OMeTAD:N2,N2,N2’,N2’,N7,N7,N7’,N7’−オクタキス(4−メトキシフェニル)−9,9’−スピロビ[9H−フルオレン]−2,2’,7,7’−テトラミン
・NTCDA:1,4,5,8−ナフタレンテトラカルボン酸二無水物
・NTCDI:ナフタレンテトラカルボン酸ジイミド
・PTCBI:ビスベンズイミダゾ[2,1−a:1’,2−b’]アントラ[2,1,9−def:6,5,10−d’e’f ’]ジイソギノリン−10,21−ジオン
・NPB:N,N’−ビス(ナフタレン−1−イル)−N,N’−ビス(フェニル)−ベンジジン
・NPD:N,N’−ビス(ナフタレン−1−イル)−N,N’−ビス(フェニル)−2,2’−ジメチルベンジジン
・TPTPA:トリス(4−(5−フェニルチオフェン−2−イル)フェニル)アミン
・PEI:ポリエチレンイミン
・PEIE:エトキシル化ポリエチレンイミン
・PEDOT:PSS:ポリ(3,4−エチレンジオキシチオフェン)ポリスチレンスルホン酸
・AZO:アルミドープ酸化亜鉛
・IZO:インジウムドープ酸化亜鉛
・ITO:インジウムドープ酸化スズ
・IZO:インジウムドープ酸化亜鉛
・FTO:フッ素ドープ酸化スズ
Claims (20)
- 透過性光起電力デバイスであって、
透過性基板と、
前記透過性基板に結合された透過性下部電極と、
前記透過性下部電極に結合された活性層と、
透過性多層上部電極であって、
前記活性層に結合されたシード層と、
前記シード層に結合された金属層と
を備える、透過性多層上部電極と
を備え、
前記透過性光起電力デバイスは、25%を超える平均可視透過(AVT)と、100Ohm/sq未満の上部電極シート抵抗とによって特徴付けられる、
透過性光起電力デバイス。 - 前記シード層は前記活性層上に堆積され、
前記金属層は前記シード層上に堆積される、
請求項1に記載の透過性光起電力デバイス。 - 透過された太陽放射の割合に対する前記AVTの比(AVT/Tsol)が1.3より大きく、かつ2.5以下であり、放射率が0.2未満である、請求項1に記載の透過性光起電力デバイス。
- 前記シード層が電荷選択的である、請求項1に記載の透過性光起電力デバイス。
- 前記シード層が、TPBi:C60、ZnO、またはそれらのいくつかの組み合わせを備える、請求項1に記載の透過性光起電力デバイス。
- 前記シード層が0.1nm〜100nmの厚さを有し、前記金属層が3nm〜30nmの厚さを有する、請求項1に記載の透過性光起電力デバイス。
- 前記透過性多層上部電極が、前記金属層上に堆積された反射防止層をさらに備える、請求項1に記載の透過性光起電力デバイス。
- 前記活性層が、1つまたは複数の電荷再結合ゾーンを介して接続されたタンデムセルを備える、請求項1に記載の透過性光起電力デバイス。
- 前記活性層が可視波長範囲で透過性であり、UVまたはNIRにおいて選択的吸収を呈する、請求項1に記載の透過性光起電力デバイス。
- 前記透過性下部電極が、
第1の透過性シード層と、
前記シード層上に堆積された第2の金属層と、
前記金属層上に堆積された第2の透過性電荷選択層と
を備える、請求項1に記載の透過性光起電力デバイス。 - 透過性光起電力デバイスであって、
透過性基板と、
前記透過性基板に結合された透過性下部電極と、
前記透過性下部電極に結合された活性層と、
透過性多層上部電極であって、
前記活性層上に堆積されたシード層と、
前記シード層上に堆積された第1の金属層と、
前記第1の金属層上に堆積された相互接続層と、
前記相互接続層上に堆積された第2の金属層と
を備える、透過性多層上部電極と
を備え、
前記透過性光起電力デバイスは、25%を超える平均可視透過(AVT)と、100Ohm/sq未満の上部電極シート抵抗とによって特徴付けられる、
透過性光起電力デバイス。 - 前記相互接続層が導電性透過性酸化物を含む、請求項11に記載の透過性光起電力デバイス。
- 透過された太陽放射の割合に対する前記AVTの比(AVT/Tsol)が1.7より大きく、かつ2.5以下であり、放射率が0.2未満である、請求項11に記載の透過性光起電力デバイス。
- 前記第2の金属層上に堆積された反射防止層をさらに備える、請求項11に記載の透過性光起電力デバイス。
- 前記透過性下部電極が、
第1の透過性シード層と、
前記第1の透過性シード層上に堆積された第3の金属層と、
前記第3の金属層上に堆積された第2の透過性電荷選択層と
を備える、請求項11に記載の透過性光起電力デバイス。 - 透過性光起電力デバイスを含む断熱ガラスユニットであって、前記断熱ガラスユニットは、
第1のグレージングと、
前記第1のグレージングに対向する第2のグレージングと
を備え、
前記透過性光起電力デバイスは、前記第1のグレージングと前記第2のグレージングとの間に配置され、
透過性基板と、
前記透過性基板に結合された透過性下部電極と、
前記透過性下部電極に結合された活性層と、
透過性多層上部電極であって、
前記活性層に結合された電荷選択シード層と、
前記電荷選択シード層に結合された金属層と
を備える、透過性多層上部電極と
を備え、
前記断熱ガラスユニットは、25%を超える平均可視透過(AVT)によって特徴付けられる、
断熱ガラスユニット。 - 前記断熱ガラスユニットは、1.3より大きく、かつ2.5以下の選択性によって特徴付けられる、請求項16に記載の断熱ガラスユニット。
- 前記透過性多層上部電極が、1つまたは複数の相互接続層および1つまたは複数の追加の金属層をさらに含み、前記1つまたは複数の相互接続層のそれぞれが、前記1つまたは複数の追加の金属層の隣接する金属層に結合されている、請求項16に記載の断熱ガラスユニット。
- 前記断熱ガラスユニットは、1.7より大きく、かつ2.5以下の選択性によって特徴付けられる、請求項18に記載の断熱ガラスユニット。
- 前記透過性光起電力デバイスが、前記金属層上に堆積された反射防止層をさらに備える、請求項16に記載の断熱ガラスユニット。
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