JP2022172993A - bearing wall - Google Patents

Abstract

To make it possible to construct a building with high earthquake resistance by providing a structure of a bearing wall and a fitting structure of the bearing wall with improved strength.SOLUTION: A bearing wall has a rectangular wall frame 6 comprising vertical frame materials 2, 3 and horizontal materials 4, 5 stretched horizontally above and below the vertical frame materials 2, 3 as a unit or a part of a structure. The vertical frame materials 2, 3 and the horizontal materials 4, 5 constitute columnar members in a rectangular cross section. Square columnar materials 7, 8 in a rectangular cross section are arranged at intervals and in parallel with and adjacent to the vertical frame materials 2, 3 in the wall frames 6. Open holes 13, 14 or cutout parts with cutout lateral surfaces are formed at both of one of the vertical frame materials 2, 3 and the columnar material 7, 8 arranged adjacent thereto. The square columnar material 7 arranged adjacent to one vertical frame material 2 is coupled by a connection member 15 having a fitting part fittable to the open holes 13, 14 or the cutout part at both ends. The connection member 15 is fixed to an anchor bolt 12b fixed to foundation concrete 11.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

The present invention relates to load-bearing walls for use in buildings.

2. Description of the Related Art In buildings such as houses, load-bearing walls are known for the purpose of increasing seismic strength. A load-bearing wall is a wall with increased strength that is placed as part of the outer or inner wall of a building. It is used to prevent deformation of objects. A load-bearing wall having a built-in damper as described in Patent Document 1 is known.
Further, hold-down metal fittings are known as a means for fixing columns to anchor bolts fixed to foundations and foundation concrete that serve as horizontal members. As described in Patent Document 2, the hold-down hardware consists of a portion fixed to anchor bolts fixed to foundation concrete and a plate-like portion to be attached to a pillar or wall with screws.

Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2018-204200 JP 2015-161060 A

A load-bearing wall generally has a rectangular wall frame mounted on a base concrete or on a cross member (base) placed on the base concrete. A wall frame has vertical and horizontal members (horizontal members), but when a horizontal load that distorts the wall frame is applied, a strong force is applied to the joints between the vertical and horizontal members. works. In addition, even if the strength of the load-bearing wall itself is increased to reduce distortion, the lower part or base of the load-bearing wall may be damaged, or the hold-down metal fittings attached to the anchor bolts that secure the load-bearing wall may break. there was a case. In other words, there have been cases where it cannot be said that the seismic resistance of the entire house is sufficient if the strength of the load-bearing walls is simply high.

The present invention was invented in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to enable construction of a building with high earthquake resistance by providing a bearing wall structure with increased strength and a mounting structure for the bearing wall. and

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention has the following configurations. i.e.
It has a rectangular wall frame consisting of a vertical frame member and horizontal members that are horizontally mounted above and below the vertical frame member as a single unit or part of a structure, and the vertical frame member and the horizontal member are columnar members with rectangular cross sections. In the wall frame, a rectangular pillar material having a rectangular cross section is provided adjacent to and parallel to at least one of the vertical frame members with a gap therebetween, and the one vertical frame member and the square pillar material adjacent to it are provided. A through-hole or a notch formed by notching a side surface is formed in both of the above, and fitting portions that can be fitted into the through-hole or the notch are formed at both ends of the one vertical frame member and the adjacent prismatic member. A load-bearing wall, characterized in that it is connected by connecting members provided, said connecting members being fixed to anchor bolts fixed to the foundation concrete.

Further, in the above invention,
A cross-sectional shape of the through hole or cutout is rectangular.

Further, in the above invention,
The connecting member is a metal fitting formed by forming a steel material into a square tube shape.

Further, in the above invention,
The coupling member is composed of one clamping member having a mounting portion at one end that can be fitted into the notch, and the other clamping member having a mounting portion at an end that can be fitted into the notch. It is characterized by

Further, in the above invention,
It is characterized in that the connecting member is made of a piece of wood having fitting portions that can be fitted into the through holes at both ends thereof.

Further, in the above invention,
It is characterized in that the connecting member is formed of a piece of wood having fitting portions that can be fitted into the cutout portions at both ends thereof.

The load-bearing wall structure using the connecting member according to the present invention has the strength to resist deformation and is effective in preventing damage even in the event of vibrations that shake the house due to an earthquake or wind pressure.

4 is an explanatory diagram showing the structure of the load-bearing wall shown as Example 1. FIG. FIG. 4 is an explanatory view showing an enlarged main part of the load-bearing wall shown as Example 1; FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing the action of the load-bearing wall shown as Example 1; FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing the difference between the structure of the load-bearing wall of Example 1 and the structure of other load-bearing walls. FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram showing the structure of the load-bearing wall shown as Example 2; FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram showing the structure of the load-bearing wall shown as Example 3; FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram of a connecting member used for the load-bearing wall shown as Example 4;

Modes for carrying out the present invention will be described below using several examples.
FIG. 1 represents a perspective view of a load-bearing wall 1 formed as a first embodiment of the invention. FIG. 2 shows an exploded view of the portion surrounded by the two-dot chain line Z1.
The load-bearing wall 1 has a rectangular wall frame 6 provided on the four sides with a framework of square pillar members composed of two vertical frame members 2 and 3 and horizontal members (horizontal frame members) 4 and 5. It has a structure in which prismatic members 7 are arranged parallel to and spaced apart from the vertical frame member 2 and prismatic members 8 are arranged adjacent to and parallel to the vertical frame member 3 with a space.
The vertical frame members 2 and 3, the horizontal members 4 and 5, and the prism members 7 and 8 are each obtained by cutting a long wooden member having a rectangular cross section into a predetermined size. For the cross-sectional dimensions of each piece of wood, for example, dimensions conforming to the 2×4 (two-by-four) standard based on integral multiples of 1 inch are adopted. Including specific dimensional values, the cross section of the vertical members 2 and 3 is a square with each side of 4 inches by 4 inches, and the cross section of the horizontal members 4 and 5 is a rectangle with a length of 2 inches and a width of 4 inches. . The horizontal member 5 forming the lower side of the wall frame 6 may be configured by a base (horizontal member made of wood) that supports the entire wall placed on the foundation concrete 11 .

The vertical frame members 2 and 3 and the prism members 7 and 8 are joined and coupled at their upper ends to the side surfaces (lower surfaces) of the horizontal members 4 and at their lower ends to the side surfaces (upper surface) of the horizontal members 5 . Each member is fixed by driving nails 9 . A general round nail or screw nail is used for the nail 9 . The load-bearing wall 1 is provided as part of a wall provided on a foundation concrete 11 on which a building such as a house is mounted, and is installed for the purpose of improving the earthquake resistance performance and wind resistance performance of the building. .

The load-bearing wall 1 is arranged on a plate-shaped pad 10 made of a rubber material or on a base (not shown). In addition, the foundation may constitute a part of the load-bearing wall 1 as described above. After the bearing wall 1 is placed on the upper surface of the base concrete 11 (pad 10), it is fixed using two anchor bolts 12a, 12b arranged along the base concrete 11. As shown in FIG. Anchor bolts 12 a and 12 b are firmly fixed to foundation concrete 11 .
The load-bearing wall 1 is fixed to the anchor bolts 12a and 12b by fixing the vertical frame member 2 and the prismatic member 7 and the vertical frame member 3 and the prismatic member 8 using metal fittings 15. As shown in FIG. In this embodiment, both the vertical frame member 2 and the prismatic member 7 and the vertical frame member 3 and the prismatic member 8 are fixed to the foundation concrete 11 by the metal fittings 15. However, the fixing using the metal fittings 15 is not possible. Only one of the vertical frame member 2 and the prismatic member 7 or the vertical frame member 3 and the prismatic member 8 may be processed.

In the following, the attachment of the vertical frame members 2 and the prismatic members 7 will be mainly described. Descriptions that do not specifically refer to 8 are replaced by descriptions of the vertical frame member 2 and the prism member 7 .
FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of the area surrounded by the two-dot chain line Z1 in FIG. The fitting 15 is formed as a hollow steel tubular member having a rectangular cross section. The fitting 15 is made of a steel material such as steel or stainless steel, and may be a drawn tube, an extruded tube, or a tubular body formed by bending a steel plate. The thickness of the metal fitting 15 is selected in design so that it has sufficient strength to withstand the load, and the material and forming method are selected in consideration of the strength and manufacturing cost. In this embodiment, the tube is formed in a tubular shape because if it is formed as a solid body, the weight becomes heavy and the price becomes expensive. You may

The total length of the metal fitting 15 corresponds to the total width from the vertical frame members 2 to the prismatic members 7 which are arranged adjacently with an interval, and the rectangular outer shape is formed by the square holes 13 formed in the side surfaces of the vertical frame member 2 and the prismatic members 7. It is formed so as to match the inner surface shape of a square hole 14 formed in the side surface of the . The total width from the vertical frame members 2 to the prismatic members 7 arranged adjacently with an interval, which is the total length of the metal fittings 15, is the width of about 3 to 4 vertical frame members 2 arranged side by side in this embodiment.
The metal fitting 15 has a rectangular cross section, and the ratio of the vertical width (height) to the horizontal width of the rectangular cross section is approximately 3:1. 1/4 to 1/2 size, preferably 1/3 size.
Square holes 13 and 14 passing through the vertical frame member 2 and the prismatic member 7 are provided in the vertical frame member 2 and the prismatic member 7 . The square holes 13 and 14 are provided coaxially in the lower portions of the vertical frame member 2 and the prism member 7 . Both end portions of metal fittings (coupling members) 15 are fitted (fitted) to the inner surfaces of the rectangular holes 13 and 14 as fitting portions.

As described above, the metal fitting 15 is formed as a hollow steel pipe having a rectangular cross section, and a plurality of holes 18 penetrating through the front and back sides are provided on the side surfaces of both ends constituting the fitting portion. This hole 18 is a hole that engages with a drift pin (iron round bar) 19 inserted through the square hole 13 of the vertical frame member 2 and the square hole 14 of the square column member 7 . The drift pin 19 is inserted through a hole 20 perpendicular to the square hole 13 of the vertical frame member 2 and the square hole 14 of the square column member 7. 18 to fix the fittings 15 in the rectangular holes 13 and 14 .
By fixing the metal fittings 15 with the drift pins 19, the vertical frame member 2 and the prism member 7 are firmly connected so as to form an H-shaped structure when viewed from the horizontal direction. A space of approximately 15 cm is provided between the vertical frame member 2 and the prism member 7, and the metal fittings 15 are exposed at this portion.

Holes (long holes) 21 through which the anchor bolts 12a and 12b can be inserted are formed in the upper surface 16 and the lower surface 17 of the metal fitting 15 exposed between the vertical frame member 2 and the prism member 7. As shown in FIG. In this embodiment, holes 21 are provided at two locations along the longitudinal direction of the metal fitting (four locations in total on the front and back) so that two anchor bolts 12 can be inserted therethrough. The horizontal member 5 coaxial with the hole 21 is also provided with holes 22 through which the anchor bolts 12a and 12b are inserted.
The upper surface 16 and the lower surface 17 of the metal fitting 15 are fixed by nuts 24, 27 and nuts 25, 28 respectively screwed onto the two anchor bolts 12a, 12b. A nut 24 restricts upward movement of the fitting 15 with respect to one anchor bolt 12a, and a nut 27 restricts downward movement thereof. The metal fitting 15 is restricted from moving upward by the nut 25 and is restricted from moving downward by the nut 28 with respect to the other anchor bolt 12b.

The metal fitting 15 is designed so that its upward and downward displacements are restricted with respect to the anchor bolts 12a and 12b arranged in parallel, so that it will not rotate even if a moment causing it to rotate occurs. It has become. In addition, since each connected member restrains the movement of each other, movement in various directions including horizontal parallel movement is restricted. The H-shape formed by the material 2 and the prismatic material 7 also retains its shape.
The structure for fixing the vertical frame members 2 and the prismatic members 7 by metal fittings 15 is also used for the vertical frame members 3 and the prismatic members 8 that constitute the other side of the wall frame 6. It has a strong structure that is hard to deform.

A description will be given of what kind of force acts on each member when a lateral load acts on the upper side of the load-bearing wall 1 . The actual load acting in the lateral direction is a dynamic load that occurs as reversible swaying due to earthquakes and wind pressure, but it is assumed that the main static force balance is at the time when the amplitude (swaying width) is the largest. and explain.
As shown in FIG. 3, when the horizontal member 4 provided at the upper end receives a load Fxr in the left lateral direction, which is the longitudinal direction, the vertical frame member 2 and the prismatic member 7 (and the vertical frame member 7) fixed by the metal fittings 15 Various stresses act on the material 3 and prism material 8). For example, a downward force Fyd acts on the vertical frame member 2 along the longitudinal direction, and an upward force Fyu acts on the prism member 7 along the longitudinal direction. Conversely, when the horizontal member 4 receives a load Fxl in the right lateral direction, an upward force acts on the vertical frame member 2 along the longitudinal direction, A downward force acts along the

When the load Fxr is generated, a force is generated in the wall frame 6 to rotate it counterclockwise, and a downward force acts on the vertical frame member 2 due to the component of this force. In addition, when the wall frame 6 is viewed as a whole, a downward force is also generated in the prismatic material 7, but when considering the vertical frame material 2 and the prismatic material 7 as a rigid body that is connected by the metal fittings 15, the part where the metal fittings 15 are provided has Similarly, a force acts to rotate counterclockwise. That is, an upward force in the direction opposite to that of the vertical frame member 2 is generated in the prismatic member 7 .
Since the anchor bolts 12a and 12b are long rod-shaped bodies, they do not exhibit high strength against bending stress acting from the lateral direction. However, the metal fittings 15 fixed to the anchor bolts 12a and 12b are constrained in position and restricted in movement by various members, including the anchor bolts 12a and 12b, which constitute the wall frame 6 such as the vertical frame member 2 and the prismatic member 7. It does not move because it is Therefore, the amount of bending of the anchor bolts 12a, 12b in the lateral direction is slight and will not be referred to in this document.

In this embodiment, the metal fitting 15 is made of steel and can be constructed as a member having a higher strength than wood. Furthermore, since the anchor bolts 12a and 12b are also made of steel, they are designed to have a strength that does not cause plastic deformation and does not break under the load caused by an assumed earthquake or wind pressure.
On the other hand, the members constituting the wall frame 6 are mainly made of wood, which naturally has lower strength than steel, and may be damaged if stress is concentrated locally. In view of this point of view, this embodiment aims to increase the strength of the entire wall frame 6 without locally concentrating stress on members made of wood, and to provide a structure that is resistant to deformation. In order to achieve this purpose, a highly rigid structure made of a strong metal material bears a large load, and a structure is provided in which strong stress does not occur locally in the joint between this structure and the wood. there is

In order to clarify the action of this embodiment, an example in which only vertical frame members are fixed with metal fittings without using prism members as shown in FIG. 4A will be described. In other words, it is assumed that the upper left nut 103 to which the anchor bolt 102 is attached restricts only the upward movement of the metal fitting 100 in a cantilevered state.
In the structure shown in FIG. 4( a ), the hold-down metal fittings 100 attached to the vertical frame member 101 mainly restrict the upward movement of the vertical frame member 101 , but the downward movement of the vertical frame member 101 and the There is no consideration for inclination. That is, when the vertical frame member 101 receives a downward force, it is only the horizontal members 105 in contact with the lower ends 104 of the vertical frame member 101 that limit the downward movement of the vertical frame member 101 . Therefore, when the lower end 104 of the vertical frame member 101 is pressed against the horizontal member 105 with a strong force, the contact portion 106 may exceed the elastic limit of wood and break.
Such a phenomenon is also seen in conventional hold-down hardware. A conventional hold-down hardware has a plate screwed to the side of an upright, such as a vertical frame, and the plate is secured to an anchor bolt. Such conventional hold-down metal fittings are fixed by screws with a small fixing force, so they cannot withstand strong loads, and it is almost impossible to suppress the inclination and vertical movement of vertical members. It can be said.

FIG. 4(b) is an explanatory diagram showing the balance of forces acting on the metal fitting 15 according to this embodiment. The upper surface portion 16 of the metal fitting 15 is fixed to the anchor bolts 12 a and 12 b by an upper left nut 24 and an upper right nut 25 , and the lower surface portion 17 is fixed by a left lower nut 27 and a lower right nut 28 . Thus, the metal fitting 15 can be regarded as a rigid body integral with the base concrete 11 whose movement is restricted against forces in almost all directions.
To explain the static force balance, the upward reaction force against the downward force Fyd acting on the vertical frame member 2 is caused by the square hole 13 provided in the vertical frame member 2 that contacts the upper surface portion 16 of the metal fitting 15. It is transmitted via the upper inner surface (upper surface) 29 and the drift pin (iron round bar) 19 . At the same time, the downward reaction force opposing the upward force Fyu acting on the prismatic material 7 is transmitted through the lower inner surface (lower surface) 30 of the square hole 14 provided in the prismatic material 7 and the drift pin (iron round bar) 19. transmitted by

The outer shape of the metal fitting 15 substantially matches the inner shape of the rectangular hole 13 of the vertical frame member 2 and the rectangular hole 14 of the rectangular column member 7, and they are fitted without gaps. Therefore, the metal fittings 15, the vertical frame members 2, and the prism members 7 form an H-shaped structure that is difficult to deform. Since the metal fittings 15 are fixed by the foundation concrete 11, the vertical frame member 2 and the prismatic material 7 fixed to the metal fittings 15 by fitting also have high resistance to deformation.

On the other hand, metal fittings 15, whose strength can be set relatively freely, are unlikely to break, but wood joined with fittings 15 is likely to break depending on the joining method. For example, when using metal fittings that use nails such as round nails and screw nails to join wood, if the load exceeds the limit, damage such as the nail falling out or the part where the nail is driven in will crack. do.
On the other hand, in the structure of this embodiment, the square holes 13 and 14 of the square holes 13 and 14 of the vertical frame members 2 and the square holes 14 of the square pillar members 7 are connected to the metal fittings 15, and the portions that receive the force from the metal fittings 15 are the square holes 13 and 14. It can be composed of a large area plane such as the upper surface 29 or the lower surface. That is, by distributing the load, local stress concentration can be prevented.

The shape of the upper surface and the lower surface of the square hole 13 and the square hole 14 has a width of approximately 1/2 to 1/4 of the total width of the square timber, and the optimum width dimension is approximately 1/3 of the total width. . Also, since the length is the length of the square hole made to penetrate, it is the same dimension as the full width in the case of a square prism. In other words, the load acting on the vertical frame member 2 and the prismatic member 7 is approximately 1/2 to 1/4, preferably approximately 1/3 of the cross-sectional area of the vertical frame member 2 and the prismatic member 7. is designed to support
In the case of conventional hold-down metal fittings, the load is supported by the screws used for fixing, so the stress is concentrated on the screws driven into the wood. However, in the case of this embodiment, the load is supported by the upper and lower surfaces of the metal fitting 15, which is flat. The stress will be much less. This means that stresses that would cause failure if nails were used do not lead to failure because they are loaded by plane surfaces.

As described above, when the horizontal member 4 receives the load Fxr and swings leftward, or when the horizontal member 4 receives the load Fxl and swings rightward, the horizontal member 4 swings continuously in the horizontal direction and vibrates. In either case, most of the load acting on the vertical frame members 2 and the prism members 7 arranged in parallel thereto is received by the metal fittings 15 . Metal fittings 15 fixed to the foundation concrete by anchor bolts 12a and 12b have the function of restricting vertical movement and inclination of the vertical frame member 2 and square column member 7 attached to both ends, thereby preventing distortion of the load-bearing wall 1 itself. It has a preventive action.
Moreover, since the joints between the fittings 15 and the lumber that constitutes the load-bearing wall 1 are made via a flat surface having a large area so that the stress is not concentrated locally, even when a strong load is applied, Also, the effect of preventing damage to the load-bearing wall 1 itself is high.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram showing another embodiment of the present invention. The difference between the first embodiment described above and the second embodiment is the structure of the metal fittings 49 for fixing the load-bearing wall 1a to the foundation concrete 11, the vertical frame members 2a, the vertical frame members 3a, the prism members 7a, and the prism members 7a. It is a form of the part which attaches the metal fitting in the material 8a.
Like the load-bearing wall 1, the load-bearing wall 1a of this embodiment has a wall frame 6a made up of vertical frame members 2a, vertical frame members 3a, horizontal members 4a, horizontal members 5a, prism members 7a, and prism members 8a. . Each of these members corresponds to the vertical frame member 2, vertical frame member 3, horizontal member 4, horizontal member 5, prismatic member 7, prismatic member 8, and wall frame 6 of the load-bearing wall 1. Nails 9 ( not shown). Furthermore, it is arranged on the foundation concrete 11 via the pad 10 and is fixed using the anchor bolts 12a and 12b. Note that the configuration and explanations that are not particularly mentioned in this embodiment are the same as those of the load-bearing wall 1 described above, so the explanations are omitted.

A metal fitting 49 used for the load-bearing wall 1a is composed of two symmetrical holding members 50 and 51. As shown in FIG. The holding members 50 and 51 are formed by bending a steel plate into a predetermined shape. The metal fitting 49 has a mounting portion 52 that is mounted so as to sandwich the vertical frame member 2a and the prismatic member 7a (the same applies to the vertical frame member 3a and the prismatic member 8a) at both ends by placing the sandwiching member 50 and the sandwiching member 51 facing each other. 53. Connecting portions 54 (54a, 54b) that also serve as fixing means for the anchor bolts 12a, 12b are provided between the mounting portion 52 and the mounting portion 53. As shown in FIG.

One holding member 50 constituting the metal fitting 49 is provided with a mounting piece 52a that constitutes one of the mounting portions 52, a mounting piece 53a that constitutes one of the mounting portions 53, and a connecting portion 54a that constitutes one of the connecting portions 54. It is Similarly, the other clamping member 51 constituting the metal fitting 49 includes a mounting piece 52b constituting one of the mounting portions 52, a mounting piece 53b constituting one of the mounting portions 53, and a connecting portion constituting one of the connecting portions 54. 54b is provided.

The mounting piece 52a constitutes a fitting portion formed in a shape that can be fitted to the inner surface of a cutout portion 55a having a rectangular cross section formed in the side surface of the vertical frame member 2a. Specifically, the mounting piece 52a has a plate-shaped contact portion 56a that contacts the vertical surface in the notch portion 55a, and supports that have rectangular flat surfaces in contact with the upper and lower surfaces in the notch portion 55a at both upper and lower ends of the contact portion 56a. Surfaces 57a and 58a are provided. Similarly, the mounting piece 52b has a plate-like contact portion 56b that contacts the vertical surface in the notch portion 55b, and support surfaces 57b that have rectangular flat surfaces in contact with the upper and lower surfaces in the notch portion 55b at both upper and lower ends of the contact portion 56b. , 58b.

The structure of the mounting piece 52a is the same as that of the mounting piece 53a provided on the opposite side. It is formed in a shape that can be fitted to the
Similarly, the structure of the mounting piece 52b is the same as that of the mounting piece 53b provided on the opposite side. A fitting portion that can be fitted to the inner surface of the cutout portion is formed. Also, the cutouts of rectangular cross section formed on the side surface of the prism member 8a are the same as the cutout portions 55a and 55b of rectangular cross section formed on the side surface of the vertical frame member 2a, so the description with reference numerals is omitted.

The cutout portion 55a is formed to have a planar portion of a nearly square shape that is parallel to the side surface of the vertical frame member 2a, and is formed in the same shape as the plate surface of the plate-like contact portion 56a in contact with the vertical frame member 2a. there is Support surfaces 57a and 58a perpendicular to the contact portion 56a are provided above and below the contact portion 56a, and are in close contact with the upper and lower surfaces in the notch portion 55a, like the flat portion.
The contact portion 56a is provided with a plurality of small holes 59 for driving in fasteners (wood screws or nails). It is designed so that it can be firmly attached to it. At this time, the support surfaces 57a and 58a also come into close contact with the inner surface of the notch 55a, and the load along the longitudinal direction of the vertical frame member 2a is supported by the support surfaces 57a and 58a formed as flat surfaces.

The areas of the upper and lower surfaces in the notch 55a are formed to be substantially equal to the areas of the support surfaces 57a and 58a in contact therewith, and both have 1/6 to 1/4 of the cross-sectional area of the vertical frame member 2a. formed. Also, the areas of the support surfaces 57b and 58b of the mounting piece 52b mounted in the notch 55b on the opposite surface are also formed to have 1/6 to 1/4 of the cross-sectional area of the vertical frame member 2a.
The metal fittings 49 are mounted by sandwiching the cutout portions 55a and 55b of the vertical frame member 2a with the holding members 50 and 51 facing each other. Therefore, when the notch portion 55a and the notch portion 55b of the vertical frame member 2a are combined, the metal fitting 49 is mounted on the vertical frame member 2a with an area of 1/3 to 1/2 of the cross-sectional area of the vertical frame member 2a by the two mounting pieces 52a and 52b. The upper and lower surfaces of the notch 55a and the notch 55b of 2a are in contact with each other. As a result, the fitting 49 has an area of 1/3 to 1/2 of the cross-sectional area of the vertical frame member 2a, and is capable of receiving the load component acting in the longitudinal direction of the vertical frame member 2a. This is the same for the prism members 7a arranged in parallel with the vertical frame member 2a in pairs.

The connecting portion 54a connecting the mounting portion 52a and the mounting portion 53a and the connecting portion 54b connecting the mounting portion 52b and the mounting portion 53b are such that the anchor bolts 12a and 12b can be arranged when the vertical frame member 2a and the prism member 7a are mounted. It is formed as a parallel plate-like portion that can form a gap between. Thereby, the metal fittings 49 can be fixed to the foundation concrete 11 by the anchor bolts 12a and 12b.
Specifically, small metal fittings 60 bent in a U-shape are provided to be mounted on the upper and lower edges of the connecting portion 54a and the mounting portion 52b, respectively. A lower left nut 27 and a lower right nut 28 are used to fix the anchor bolts 12a and 12b. The small metal fitting 60 is a member that regulates the distance between the connecting portion 54a and the connecting portion 54b that are arranged in parallel so that the distance between them does not widen when a load is applied.

The metal fitting 15 described above is formed as a single member that cannot be separated, and is mounted so as to pass through the vertical frame member 2 and the prism member 7 . On the other hand, the metal fitting 49 serves as one metal fitting by sandwiching the vertical frame member 2a and the square column member 7a from the side surfaces by placing two separated members facing each other.
The metal fittings 49 are different from the metal fittings 15 in terms of shape and mounting method, but by firmly fixing the vertical frame members 2a and the prismatic members 7a that constitute part of the load-bearing wall, the metal fittings 49 produce high rigidity as a structure. It is there, and like the metal fittings 15, it improves the strength of the load-bearing wall as a whole.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram showing another embodiment of the present invention. In the first embodiment described above, a metal square bar-shaped member is used as the metal fitting 15, but this embodiment differs from the metal fitting 15 in that a connecting member 70 having a shape different from that of the metal fitting 15 is used. The coupling member 70 has prismatic projecting portions 71 and 72 having the same cross-sectional shape as the fitting 15 at both ends forming a fitting portion. An intermediate portion 73 connecting the protruding portion 71 and the protruding portion 72 has a width equal to the width of the vertical frame member 2b and the prismatic member 7b to be mounted (or not exceeding the width of the vertical frame member 2b and the prismatic member 7b). is doing.

The load-bearing wall 1b shown in FIG. 6, like the load-bearing wall 1, has a wall frame 6b composed of vertical frame members 2b, vertical frame members 3b, horizontal members 4b, horizontal members 5b, prism members 7b, and prism members 8b. there is Each of these members corresponds to the vertical frame member 2, vertical frame member 3, horizontal member 4, horizontal member 5, prismatic member 7, prismatic member 8, and wall frame 6 of the load-bearing wall 1. Nails 9 ( not shown). Furthermore, the wall frame 6b is placed on the foundation concrete 11 via the pad 10 and fixed using anchor bolts 12a and 12b. In addition, since the structure and explanation which are not particularly mentioned in the present embodiment are the same as those of the load-bearing wall 1 described above, the explanation will be omitted.

The coupling member 70 used for the load-bearing wall 1b is formed to have substantially the same overall length as the fitting 15, and the protruding portions 71 and 72 provided at both ends are formed in the square holes 13b formed in the vertical frame members 2b and 3b and the prism members. A fitting portion formed to be fittable with each square hole 14c formed in 7b and 8b is formed.
In the case of this embodiment, rectangular cutouts 74 and 75 are provided on the side surfaces of the joint member 70 side of the portion where the square hole 13b is provided and on the side surface of the joint member 70 side of the portion where the prismatic material 7b is provided. Parts 76 and 77 of the outer shape of the intermediate portion 73 of the coupling member 70 are fitted into the cutout portions 74 and 75 without a gap.

The total length of the connecting member 70 is equal to the width of the vertical frame member 2b and the prism member 7b arranged side by side, and the dimensional ratio between the vertical width (height) and the horizontal width of the protrusions 71 and 72 is approximately 3:1, and the horizontal width is The width of one side of the vertical frame member 2b and prism member 7b to be inserted is 1/4 to 1/2, preferably 1/3. This dimensional feature is identical to that of fitting 15 .

An intermediate portion 73 of the coupling member 70 is formed with two holes 21b through which the anchor bolts 12a and 12b that penetrate from the upper surface 16b to the lower surface 17b can be inserted. Note that the hole 21b may be formed as an elongated hole.
The upper surface 16b of the intermediate portion 73 is fixed to the upper left nut 24 and the upper right nut 25 screwed onto the two anchor bolts 12a and 12b. It is fixed by a lower nut 28 . As a result, the coupling member 70 is limited in upward and downward movement and rotation.
The shape of the connecting portion between the vertical frame member 2b and the square column member 7b using the connecting member 70 is H-shaped as in the case of using the metal fittings 15, and the load-bearing wall 1b has a strong structure that is difficult to deform. It has become.

The connecting member 70 may be formed by cutting wood instead of being made of metal. If it is made of wood, the breaking limit strength is lower than that of metal. However, since the intermediate portion 73 can be configured to be thicker than the projecting portions 71 and 72, it is possible to have high strength even if it is made of wood. is.
Also, even if the connecting member 70 is made of wood, the external shape portions 76 and 77 of the intermediate portion 73 on the side of the protruding portions 71 and 72 are replaced by the cutout portions 74 and 75 of the vertical frame member 2b and the prismatic member 7b. By adopting the fitting structure, the load acting on the vertical frame member 2b and the square column member 7b is not borne only by the projecting portions 71 and 72. As shown in FIG. That is, the load acting on the vertical frame member 2b and the prism member 7b can be borne by the protruding portions 71 and 72 and the wide intermediate portion 73, so that the load concentrates only on the protruding portions 71 and 72, causing damage. It is designed to prevent this from happening.

Moreover, since the length of the protrusions 71 and 72 can be made shorter than that of the fitting 15 by the amount of fitting into the cutouts 74 and 75, the moment acting on the protrusions 71 and 72 can be reduced, thereby breaking the metal fittings 71 and 72. Increased strength against
The load-bearing wall 1b using the coupling member 70 described above has a high rigidity similar to the load-bearing wall 1 formed using the metal fittings 15, and improves the strength against breaking.

FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram showing another embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment relates to a coupling member 80 that can be substituted for the fitting 49 described in the second embodiment. Although the connecting member 80 is intended to be formed mainly by cutting wood, it may be formed into a similar shape by connecting a single member or a plurality of members made of metal materials.
Although the metal fitting 49 and the connecting member 80 have slight differences in strength due to differences in shape and material, both are common in terms of their purpose, configuration, and effects. It is designed to prevent deformation.

Only the difference from the metal fitting 49 in the structure of the coupling member 80 will be described below.
The coupling member 80 has mounting portions 81 and 82 at both ends, and a connecting portion 83 between the mounting portions 81 and 82 . The mounting portion 81 has a pair of mounting pieces 84a and 84b facing each other, and the mounting portion 82 has a pair of mounting pieces 85a and 85b facing each other. The configuration of each portion of these coupling members 80 includes mounting portions 52 and 53 of the metal fitting 49, a connecting portion 54 provided between the mounting portions 52 and 53, a mounting piece 52a, a mounting piece 52b, a mounting portion 53a, and a mounting piece 53b. corresponds to and has a similar effect.
In the case of the connecting member 80, drift pins can be used to fix the vertical frame members and prismatic members that constitute the wall frame, as in the first and third embodiments. A plurality of holes 86 for inserting drift pins are provided in the mounting pieces 84a, 84b and the mounting pieces 85a, 85b.
Also, the connecting portion 83 is provided with two holes 89 penetrating from the upper surface 87 to the lower surface 88 . The holes 89 are for inserting the anchor bolts 12a and 12b. After the anchor bolts 12a and 12b are inserted, the upper surface 87 and the lower surface 88 are secured by the upper left nut 24, the upper right nut 25, the left lower nut 27 and the lower right nut 28. It is fixed to anchor bolts 12a and 12b.

Although several types of embodiments according to the present invention have been described above, these are only examples and are not intended to limit the technical scope of the invention. In addition, the illustrated examples and individual technical elements described in the examples can be used with appropriate combinations, omissions, replacements, changes, and additions within the scope of the claims. , are also described in this specification and belong to the technical scope of the present invention.

The load-bearing wall according to the invention of the present application and various structural members used for the structure of the load-bearing wall can be used for constructions and construction methods used in buildings such as houses.

1 Load-bearing wall 2 Vertical frame member 3 Vertical frame member 4 Horizontal member 5 Horizontal member 6 Wall frame 7 Square column member 8 Square column member 9 Nail 10 Pad 11 Foundation concrete 12a, 12b Anchor bolt 13 Square hole 14 Square hole 15 Metal fitting 16 Upper surface portion 17 Lower surface portion 18 Hole 19 Drift pin (iron round bar)
20 hole 21 hole (long hole)
22 hole 24 upper left nut 25 upper right nut 26 lower end 27 lower left nut 28 lower right nut 29 upper surface Fxl right lateral load Fxr left lateral load Fxr load Fyd downward force Fyu upward force

Claims (6)

It has a rectangular wall frame consisting of a vertical frame member and horizontal members horizontally hung above and below the vertical frame member as a single unit or part of a structure,
The vertical frame member and the horizontal member are composed of columnar members having a rectangular cross-sectional shape,
A prism member having a rectangular cross-section is provided in the wall frame and arranged parallel to and adjacent to at least one of the vertical frame members with a space therebetween,
Forming a through hole or a notch portion by notching the side surface in both the one vertical frame member and the square column member arranged adjacent thereto,
The one vertical frame member and the adjacently arranged prismatic member are connected by a connecting member provided with a fitting portion that can be fitted into the through hole or the notch portion at both ends,
A load-bearing wall, wherein the connecting members are fixed to anchor bolts fixed to foundation concrete. 2. The load-bearing wall according to claim 1, wherein said through-hole or notch has a rectangular cross-sectional shape. 3. The load-bearing wall according to claim 1, wherein said connecting member is a metal fitting formed by forming a steel material into a rectangular tubular shape. The connecting member is
one holding member having a mounting portion that can be fitted to the cutout portion at the end;
3. The load-bearing wall according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the load-bearing wall is composed of the other clamping member having a mounting portion which can be fitted into the notch portion at the end thereof. 3. A load-bearing wall according to claim 1, wherein said connecting member is made of a piece of wood provided with fitting portions that can be fitted into said through-holes at both ends thereof. 3. The load-bearing wall according to claim 1, wherein said connecting member is formed of a piece of wood provided with fitting portions that can be fitted into said cutout portions at both ends thereof.

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