JP2022162098A - Control system and control method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a control system capable of reducing power fluctuations.

SOLUTION: An input part 264 receives a measurement result of the power flowing forward. A control unit 250 is configured so as to, (i) when the measured result exceeds the threshold value while the power is flowing forward, control a load device 214 to suppress the power consumption or discharge the power storage system 218, and (ii) when the measurement result is below the threshold, control the load device 214 to increase the power consumption or to charge the power storage system 218. Acquisition unit 256 acquires the power purchasable capacity. The determination unit 258 determines a threshold based on the power purchasable capacity.

SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 4

COPYRIGHT: (C)2023,JPO&INPIT

Description

The present disclosure relates to a control system and control method for controlling power.

By connecting a power generation device that generates power using renewable energy, such as a photovoltaic power generation device, to a power system, the electric power generated by the power generation device is purchased by a power company. Electric power generated by a power generation device fluctuates under the influence of the natural environment. Due to such fluctuations, it is difficult to appropriately charge the storage battery with the electric power generated by the power generation device. Therefore, for example, the power to be charged in the storage battery is determined based on the predicted power generation value of the power generator and the allowable upper limit value of the power generated by the power generator (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

WO 17/060957

Electric power sold by a facility that can provide the generated electric power (hereinafter referred to as a "generator") is purchased by an electric power retailer or an electric power transmission and distribution business operator. On the other hand, direct purchase and sale of power between a power generator and a facility that receives power supply (hereinafter referred to as a "consumer") is under consideration. Under such circumstances, if at least one of the power provided by the power generator and the power consumed by the consumer fluctuates, it is required to adjust this fluctuation.

The present disclosure has been made in view of such circumstances, and an object thereof is to provide a technique for reducing power fluctuations.

In order to solve the above problems, a control system according to one aspect of the present disclosure includes an input unit that receives measurement results of forward power flowing from the power system to the consumer, and forward power from the power system to the consumer. (i) when the measurement result received at the input unit exceeds a threshold greater than zero, causing the load equipment installed in the consumer to reduce power consumption, or the power storage installed in the consumer; a controller that discharges the system and (ii) causes the load device to consume more power or charge the storage system if the measurement result received at the input is below a threshold; An acquisition unit that acquires the purchaseable power capacity of the house, and a determination unit that determines a threshold used in the control unit based on the purchaseable power capacity acquired by the acquisition unit.

Another aspect of the disclosure is also a control system. This control system includes an input unit that receives the measurement result of the amount of power forwardly flowing from the power system to the customer, and (i) the measurement received at the input unit while the power is forwardly flowing from the power system to the customer. If the result can exceed a threshold greater than zero, cause the load equipment installed in the customer to reduce power consumption or discharge the storage system installed in the customer, and (ii) at the input unit A control unit that causes a load device to increase power consumption or charges a power storage system when the received measurement result is likely to fall below a threshold value, and an acquisition that acquires the power purchase capacity of a consumer during a predetermined period of time. and a determination unit that determines a threshold used in the control unit based on the purchaseable power capacity acquired by the acquisition unit.

Yet another aspect of the present disclosure is a control method. The method comprises the steps of: receiving a measurement result of forward power flowing from the power system to the customer; and during forward power flowing from the power system to the customer, (i) the received measurement result being greater than zero When the threshold is exceeded, the load equipment installed in the consumer is made to reduce power consumption, or the power storage system installed in the consumer is discharged, and (ii) the received measurement result falls below the threshold. In this case, the step of causing the load device to consume more power or charging the power storage system, the step of obtaining the purchaseable power capacity of the consumer in a predetermined time slot, and the step of obtaining the purchased power capacity based on the obtained power purchaseable capacity , determining a threshold.

Yet another aspect of the present disclosure is also a control method. This method comprises steps of: receiving a measurement result of the amount of power forwardly flowing from the power system to the customer; When the large threshold can be exceeded, the load equipment installed in the consumer is caused to reduce power consumption, or the power storage system installed in the consumer is discharged, and (ii) the received measurement result exceeds the threshold. a step of increasing power consumption by the load device or charging the power storage system, acquiring a purchaseable power capacity of the consumer in a predetermined time slot, and adding the acquired power purchaseable capacity to and determining a threshold value.

It should be noted that any combination of the above-described components and expressions of the present disclosure converted between methods, devices, systems, computer programs, recording media recording computer programs, etc. are also effective as aspects of the present disclosure. be.

According to the present disclosure, power fluctuations can be reduced.

1 is a diagram showing the configuration of a distributed power supply trading market system according to a first embodiment; FIG. FIG. 2 is a flow chart showing a transaction procedure by the distributed power supply trading market system of FIG. 1; FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the configuration of the power generator of FIG. 1; FIG. It is a figure which shows the structure of the consumer of FIG. FIG. 2 is a sequence diagram showing a market participation processing procedure by the distributed power supply trading market system of FIG. 1; 4 is a diagram showing the data structure of a table stored in the storage unit of FIG. 3; FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the data structure of a table stored in the storage unit of FIG. 4; FIG. FIG. 2 is a sequence diagram showing a bidding process procedure by the distributed power supply trading market system of FIG. 1; 2 is a diagram showing the configuration of a server in FIG. 1; FIG. 10(a) and 10(b) are diagrams showing the data structure of the database stored in the storage unit of FIG. 9. FIG. FIG. 10 is a diagram showing an outline of processing in the processing unit of FIG. 9; FIG. 2 is a sequence diagram showing a successful bid processing procedure by the distributed power supply market system of FIG. 1; FIG. FIG. 2 is a sequence diagram showing a power control/settlement processing procedure by the distributed power supply trading market system of FIG. 1;

(Example 1)
Before specifically describing the embodiments of the present disclosure, an outline of the present embodiments will be described. Example 1 relates to a distributed power supply trading market system including power generators and consumers. Power generators and consumers include, for example, residences, offices, shops, factories, parks, and the like. A power generator is a facility that can sell power by supplying power generated using renewable energy or fuel cells to the power system in reverse. In the following description, solar cells are used as representatives of renewable energy or fuel cells, but they are not limited to solar cells. On the other hand, the consumer is a facility that can purchase power by forward power flow from the power system.

In the distributed power supply trading market, power is bought and sold directly between generators and consumers. The power generated by the power generator fluctuates under the influence of fluctuations in the power generated by the solar cells, and the power consumed by the consumer fluctuates under the influence of the operating conditions of the load devices in the consumer. When these power fluctuations become large, fluctuations in the power system also become large, and there is a risk that the power system will become unstable. For such fluctuations, for example, an electricity transmission and distribution company or an electricity retailer bears responsibility for adjusting the fluctuations. In order to reduce the burden on power transmission/distribution companies or retail power companies, power generators or consumers are required to reduce power fluctuations.

In order to cope with this, the power generator in the present embodiment utilizes a controllable load including a power storage system to stably output electric power sold in units of slots such as 30 minutes, for example. The consumer continues to stably consume the power purchased per slot by utilizing the controllable load including the power storage system. Here, "stable" means substantially constant, and "substantially" means the same within the range of error.

FIG. 1 shows the configuration of a distributed power supply trading market system 1000. As shown in FIG. A distributed power supply trading market system 1000 includes a power generator 100 , a consumer 200 , a server 300 , a power transmission/distribution company 400 and a retail power company 500 . Here, the number of power generators 100 and consumers 200 is "1", but these numbers are not limited to "1".

The power generator 100 is, for example, a single-family house, a collective housing such as an apartment, a store such as a convenience store or a supermarket, a commercial facility such as a building, a factory, and a facility that supplies electric power to an electric power company or the like. A solar cell system is installed in the power generator 100 . A renewable energy power generation device other than a solar cell system, a fuel cell system, or the like may be installed. A solar cell system outputs generated power to the power system by being connected to the power system. As a result, the generated power can be sold to the power transmission and distribution company 400 or the retail power company 500 . In the power generator 100, load devices such as an air conditioner (air conditioner), a television receiver (television), a lighting device, an electricity storage system, and a heat pump water heater are installed. Further, the power generator 100 is installed with a power storage system.

The consumer 200 is, like the power generator 100, for example, a single-family house, an apartment complex such as an apartment, a store such as a convenience store or a supermarket, a commercial facility such as a building, or a factory. A consumer 200 is a facility that receives power supply from an electric power company or the like. The load equipment described above is installed in the consumer 200 . A load device receives supply of commercial power and consumes power by being connected to a power system. As the load equipment, it is useful to use a load equipment that is assumed to have a relatively large amount of reduction in power usage, but it is also possible to use a load equipment that is assumed to have a relatively small amount of reduction. A power storage system is also installed in the consumer 200 . Furthermore, consumer 200 may or may not have a solar cell system installed.

The power generator 100 and the consumer 200 may be the same facility, in which case the facility becomes the power generator 100 at a predetermined timing, and the facility becomes the consumer 200 at another timing. Here, the power generator 100 and the consumer 200 are separated for clarity of explanation.

The power transmission/distribution company 400 and the retail power company 500 are collectively referred to as power companies. The power transmission and distribution operator 400 maintains and operates transmission lines, substations, and the like within the supply area, and delivers electricity received from others to others. For example, the power transmission and distribution operator 400 receives power generated by the power generator 100 . The electricity retailer 500 supplies electricity according to general demand. For example, electricity retailer 500 supplies power to consumer 200 . Electricity retailer 500 may receive power generated at power generator 100 . The power transmission/distribution company 400 and the electricity retailer 500 may be included in the same power company, or may be different companies.

The server 300 mediates power buying and selling between the power generator 100 and the consumer 200 in the distributed power supply trading market. Server 300 is connected to power generator 100 and consumer 200 and communicates therewith. Server 300 defines, for example, 30 minutes as one slot, and receives bid information for each slot from power generator 100 and consumer 200 . The bid information will be described later, but the bid information from the power generator 100 indicates the conditions for selling power, and the bid information from the consumer 200 indicates the conditions for purchasing power. Server 300 matches bid information from power generator 100 and consumer 200 to determine power generator 100 to sell power and consumer 200 to buy power in a predetermined slot. Server 300 transmits successful bid information containing the determined information to power generator 100 and consumer 200 . According to the received successful bid information, power generator 100 provides power to consumer 200 in a predetermined slot, and consumer 200 receives power supply from power generator 100 in a predetermined slot.

FIG. 2 is a flow chart showing a trading procedure by the distributed power trading market system 1000. As shown in FIG. The power generator 100 and the consumer 200 execute participation processing in the distributed power supply trading market (S10). This process enables participation in the buying and selling of power in the distributed generation trading market. The power generator 100 and the consumer 200 execute a bidding process (S12). At that time, the power generator 100 determines the sellable power capacity and the desired power purchase price in a predetermined slot and bids, and the consumer 200 determines the purchaseable power capacity and the desired power purchase price in the predetermined slot. Decide and bid. Server 300 accepts these bids.

The server 300 executes a successful bid process (S14). At that time, the server 300 performs matching processing between the power generator 100 and the consumer 200 regarding power trading, and notifies the power generator 100 and the consumer 200 of the result. The power generator 100 and the consumer 200 execute power control processing upon receiving the notification from the server 300 (S16). At this time, the power generator 100 controls reverse power flow in a predetermined slot, and the consumer 200 controls forward power flow in a predetermined slot. The power generator 100, the consumer 200, and the server 300 execute settlement processing (S18). Here, the power trading performance is confirmed, and the power trading amount is paid.

In the following, the processing of the distributed power supply trading market system 1000 will be described as follows: (1) configuration of power generator 100 and consumer 200, (2) market participation processing, (3) bidding processing, (4) bidding processing, (5) power control・Explain in the order of settlement processing.

(1) Configuration of power generator 100 and consumer 200 FIG. 3 shows the configuration of the power generator 100 . The power generator 100 is equipped with a power system 10 , a power meter 110 , a distribution board 112 , a load device 114 , a solar cell system 116 , a power storage system 118 , a control system 120 and an operation device 122 . The solar cell system 116 includes PV (Photovoltaics) 130 , PV DC (Direct Current)/DC 132 , and PV DC/AC (Alternating Current) 134 . The power storage system 118 includes an SB (Storage Battery) 140 , an SB DC/DC 142 , a bidirectional DC/AC inverter 144 and a controller 146 . The control system 120 includes a first communication unit 148, a control unit 150, a storage unit 152, a derivation unit 154, an acquisition unit 156, a determination unit 158, a reception unit 160, a second communication unit 162, and an input unit 164. includes a processing unit 170 . Also, the control system 120 is connected to a server 300 outside the power generator 100 via the network 20 . Solar cell system 116 and power storage system 118 may be an integrated system. As described above, the power generator 100 is a residence, a store, a commercial facility, a factory, or the like, but here, it is assumed to be a residence or an apartment complex. The power system 10 is provided by a power company or the like.

The power meter 110 is a digital power meter connected to the power system 10, such as a smart meter. The power meter 110 can measure the amount of forward power flow coming from the power system 10 or the amount of reverse power flow going out to the power system 10 . The former corresponds to the purchased power amount or the forward flow power amount, and the latter corresponds to the sold power amount or the reverse flow power amount. In addition, the power meter 110 can measure forward power flow power or reverse power flow power. Electric power meter 110 has a communication function, can communicate with control system 120 , and transmits measurement results to control system 120 . The measurement result includes at least one of electric energy and electric power. Electric power meter 110 may be built into distribution board 112 .

Distribution board 112 is connected to power meter 110 and connected to power grid 10 via power meter 110 . Also, the distribution board 112 connects the load device 114 and supplies power to the load device 114 . The load device 114 is a device that consumes power supplied from the distribution board 112 . The load device 114 includes devices such as an air conditioner (air conditioner), a television receiver (television), a lighting device, and a refrigerator. Although one load device 114 is connected to the distribution board 112 here, a plurality of load devices 114 may be connected to the distribution board 112 . The load device 114 has a communication function and can communicate with the control system 120 . Therefore, it can be said that the load device 114 is a load that can be controlled by the control system 120 .

The PV 130 is a solar cell and a renewable energy generator. The PV 130 utilizes the photovoltaic effect to convert light energy directly into electrical power. As solar cells, silicon solar cells, solar cells using compound semiconductors as materials, dye-sensitized solar cells (organic solar cells), and the like are used. Since the intensity of sunlight, which is renewable energy, fluctuates with the weather and time of day, the power generated by the PV 130 also fluctuates. The PV 130 is connected to the PV DC/DC 132 and outputs the generated DC power to the PV DC/DC 132 .

The PV DC/DC 132 is a DC-DC converter that converts the DC power output from the PV 130 into DC power of a desired voltage value, and outputs the converted DC power to the PV DC/AC 134 . The PV DC/DC 132 is composed of, for example, a boost chopper. The PV DC/DC 132 is MPPT (Maximum Power Point Tracking) controlled so that the output power of the PV 130 is maximized. The PV DC/AC 134 is a DC-AC inverter, converts the DC power output from the PV DC/DC 132 into AC power, and outputs the AC power to the distribution board 112 . Here, PV 130 , PV DC/DC 132 , and PV DC/AC 134 may be integrally formed, and even in that case, this is referred to as solar cell system 116 . Solar cell system 116 may have a communication function, and may be able to communicate with control system 120 by the communication function.

The SB 140 is a storage battery that can charge and discharge electric power, and includes a lithium ion storage battery, a nickel metal hydride storage battery, a lead storage battery, an electric double layer capacitor, a lithium ion capacitor, and the like. SB 140 is connected to DC/DC 142 for SB. DC/DC 142 for SB is a DC-DC converter and performs conversion between DC power on SB 140 side and DC power on bidirectional DC/AC inverter 144 side.

The bidirectional DC/AC inverter 144 is connected between the SB DC/DC 142 and the distribution board 112 . The bidirectional DC/AC inverter 144 converts the AC power from the distribution board 112 into DC power, and outputs the converted DC power to the SB DC/DC 142 . The bidirectional DC/AC inverter 144 also converts the DC power from the SB DC/DC 142 into AC power and outputs the converted AC power to the distribution board 112 . That is, SB 140 is charged and discharged by bidirectional DC/AC inverter 144 . Control of such a bidirectional DC/AC inverter 144 is performed by a controller 146 . The control unit 146 has a communication function and can communicate with the control system 120 . SB 140 , SB DC/DC 142 , bi-directional DC/AC inverter 144 , and control unit 146 may be housed in one housing, and even in that case, this is called power storage system 118 .

The control system 120 is a computer for executing processing of the power management system, and has a function as a HEMS (Home Energy Management System) controller, for example. The first communication unit 148 of the control system 120 can communicate with the power meter 110 , the load equipment 114 and the power storage system 118 in the power generator 100 . For example, the first communication unit 148 uses a HAN (Home Area Network) to communicate with the load device 114 and the power storage system 118, and uses a communication system other than the HAN to communicate with the power meter 110. to use. The first communication unit 148 may be capable of communicating with the distribution board 112 and the solar cell system 116 . The control unit 150 controls the reverse power flow from the power generator 100 to the power system 10 . Also, the second communication unit 162 of the control system 120 connects to the network 20 by wireless communication or wired communication. Such second communication unit 162 can communicate with server 300 (not shown) via network 20 . The configuration and processing of control system 120 will be described later.

FIG. 4 shows the configuration of the customer 200. As shown in FIG. A power system 10 , a power meter 210 , a distribution board 212 , a load device 214 , a power storage system 218 , a control system 220 , and an operation device 222 are installed in the consumer 200 . The power storage system 218 includes an SB 240 , an SB DC/DC 242 , a bidirectional DC/AC inverter 244 and a controller 246 . The control system 220 includes a first communication unit 248, a control unit 250, a storage unit 252, a derivation unit 254, an acquisition unit 256, a determination unit 258, a reception unit 260, a second communication unit 262, and an input unit 264. includes a processing unit 270 . Also, the control system 220 is connected to the server 300 outside the consumer 200 via the network 20 .

Here, the power meter 210 corresponds to the power meter 110 , the distribution board 212 corresponds to the distribution board 112 , the load device 214 corresponds to the load device 114 , and the power storage system 218 corresponds to the power storage system 118 . Control system 220 corresponds to control system 120 and operating device 222 corresponds to operating device 122 . The SB 240 corresponds to the SB 140, the SB DC/DC 242 corresponds to the SB DC/DC 142, the bidirectional DC/AC inverter 244 corresponds to the bidirectional DC/AC inverter 144, and the control section 246 corresponds to the control section 146. do. The first communication unit 248 corresponds to the first communication unit 148, the control unit 250 corresponds to the control unit 150, the storage unit 252 corresponds to the storage unit 152, the derivation unit 254 corresponds to the derivation unit 154, the acquisition unit 256 corresponds to the acquisition unit 156 , and the determination unit 258 corresponds to the determination unit 158 . The reception unit 260 corresponds to the reception unit 160 , the second communication unit 262 corresponds to the second communication unit 162 , and the input unit 264 corresponds to the input unit 164 . As described above, the power generator 100 and the consumer 200 may be the same facility, but shown here as a different configuration. The control unit 250 controls the forward power flow from the power system 10 to the consumer 200 .

(2) Market Participation Processing Market participation processing is processing for registering participation in the distributed power source trading market before the power generator 100 and the consumer 200 buy and sell electric power in the distributed power source trading market. FIG. 5 is a sequence diagram showing a market participation processing procedure by the distributed energy trading market system 1000. As shown in FIG. The power generator 100 and the consumer 200 make a contract with the electricity retailer 500 (S100). The electricity retailer 500 starts supplying power to the generator 100 and the consumer 200 (S102), and supplies the power (S104). The power generator 100 introduces the load device 114, the solar cell system 116, the power storage system 118, and the control system 120, and the consumer 200 installs the load device 214, the power storage system 218, and the control system 220 (S106). Subsequently, the power generator 100 makes a contract with the power transmission and distribution business operator 400 .

When the power generator 100 and the consumer 200 apply for participation in the distributed power trading market (S108), they notify the electricity retailer 500 of the application for participation in the distributed power trading market (S110). The electricity retailer 500 receives the notification of the participation application (S112). Electricity retailer 500 approves participation in the distributed power supply trading market (S114), and notifies power generator 100 and consumer 200 of participation approval (S116). When the power generator 100 and the consumer 200 apply for participation in the distributed power supply trading market while attaching participation approval from the electricity retailer 500 (S118), the application for participation in the distributed power supply trading market is notified to the server 300. (S120). The server 300 receives the notification of the participation application (S122). Server 300 approves participation in the distributed power supply trading market (S124), and notifies power generator 100 and consumer 200 of participation approval (S126). Upon receiving participation approval from server 300, power generator 100 and consumer 200 start participating in the distributed power supply trading market (S128).

(3) Bidding Process As described above, slots are defined in units of 30 minutes, for example, and power is bought and sold between the generator 100 and the consumer 200 for each slot. The bidding process is a process performed by the power generator 100 and the consumer 200 before buying and selling power, and is a process for indicating the willingness to buy and sell power in a predetermined slot. At that time, the bid information indicating the conditions for selling power at the power generator 100 is transmitted from the power generator 100 to the server 300, and the bid information indicating the conditions for purchasing power at the consumer 200 is transmitted from the consumer 200 to the server. 300.

The second communication unit 162 of the control system 120 in FIG. 3 communicates with a weather forecast server (not shown) via the network 20 and receives weather forecast information from the weather forecast server. The weather forecast information includes the weather forecast for each place and the probability of precipitation. Information such as temperature may be included in the weather forecast information. Second communication unit 162 outputs the weather forecast information to control unit 150 , and control unit 150 outputs the weather forecast information to derivation unit 154 . Upon receiving the weather forecast information, the derivation unit 154 acquires the weather forecast and the probability of precipitation corresponding to the area where the power generator 100 is located from the weather forecast information. The derivation unit 154 also manages calendar information and acquires the current "month" as date information. The derivation unit 154 accesses the storage unit 152 via the control unit 150 to acquire information on the power generation amount of the PV 130 based on the acquired weather forecast, precipitation probability, and date information.

The storage unit 152 stores a table showing the correspondence between the weather forecast, the probability of precipitation, date information, and the amount of power generated by the PV 130 . FIG. 6 shows the data structure of a table stored in the storage unit 152. As shown in FIG. Here, as an example, a table showing the amount of power generated when the weather forecast is "sunny", the probability of precipitation is "0%", and the date information is "May" is shown. Storage unit 152 also stores a table for each of various combinations of weather forecasts, precipitation probabilities, and date information, so storage unit 152 stores a plurality of tables. A table corresponding to the combination of the weather forecast, the probability of precipitation, and the date information acquired by the derivation unit 154 is selected from among the plurality of tables. Each table shows the maximum value and minimum value of the power generation amount in each of a plurality of slots. For example, in the slot starting at 5:00, the maximum generated power amount "A1" and the minimum generated power amount "B1" are shown. The data structure of the table stored in storage unit 152 is not limited to that shown in FIG. For example, the temperature may be added to the parameters for selecting the table, and the date information may be subdivided into "1st week of May" instead of "May". Return to FIG.

The derivation unit 154 extracts the maximum value and the minimum value of the generated power amount of the slot for which the bid is desired based on the current time from the information on the generated power amount acquired from the storage unit 152 . Here, the slot for which a bid is desired is, for example, the slot that arrives earliest from the current time. The derivation unit 154 derives the generated power amount in the slot by calculating the average of the extracted maximum and minimum generated power amounts. The derivation unit 154 may perform statistical processing other than averaging.

Further, derivation unit 154 receives information on the storage capacity of SB 140 from control unit 146 of storage system 118 via control unit 150 and first communication unit 148 . An example of the information on the storage capacity is information on the capacity charged in the SB 140, which may be SoC (State of charge). Derivation unit 154 calculates the difference between the power storage capacity of SB 140 and a value that is half the capacity of SB 140 . If the difference is 0 or more, that is, if the capacity charged in the SB 140 is 1/2 or more of the capacity of the SB 140, the derivation unit 154 adds the absolute value of the difference to the amount of generated power to sell power. Derive the available capacity. On the other hand, if the difference is less than 0, that is, if the capacity charged in the SB 140 is less than 1/2 of the capacity of the SB 140, the derivation unit 154 subtracts the absolute value of the difference from the generated power amount to Derive the sellable capacity. In other words, the sellable power capacity is derived based on the amount of power generated by the PV 130 in the predetermined slot, but also reflects the power storage capacity of the power storage system 118 in the predetermined slot. Such derivation of the sellable capacity may be performed for each slot. Derivation unit 154 outputs the sellable power capacity to acquisition unit 156 . The acquisition unit 156 acquires the power sellable capacity from the derivation unit 154 . Acquisition unit 156 outputs the sellable capacity to determination unit 158 and processing unit 170 .

The table stored in storage unit 152 may be updated to reflect the actual power generation amount. Solar cell system 116 measures the amount of power generated in each slot. A well-known technique may be used to measure the amount of generated power, so the description is omitted here. The solar cell system 116 transmits information on the measured power generation amount to the control system 120 . The first communication unit 148 of the control system 120 outputs the received information on the generated power amount to the control unit 150 . Control unit 150 selects a table corresponding to the combination of weather forecast, precipitation probability, and date information obtained by derivation unit 154 from among the plurality of tables stored in storage unit 152, and selects the table corresponding to the combination of the weather forecast, the probability of precipitation, and the date information obtained by derivation unit 154. Identify maximum and minimum power consumption. If the amount of generated power received from solar cell system 116 is greater than the maximum value of the table corresponding to the current time, control unit 150 adjusts the maximum value of the table to match the amount of generated power received from solar cell system 116. to update. On the other hand, if the amount of generated power received from solar cell system 116 is smaller than the minimum value in the table corresponding to the current time, control unit 150 adjusts the table so as to match the amount of generated power received from solar cell system 116 . Update minimum value.

The operating device 122 is a user-operable interface, such as a keyboard and a touch panel. By operating the operation device 122, the user inputs a desired power selling price per unit electric energy (hereinafter referred to as a "suggested power selling price"). The suggested power selling price is set based on the policy that the power generator 100 wishes to sell power if the power selling price is equal to or higher than the suggested power selling price. The receiving unit 160 receives an input of a suggested power selling price. The reception unit 160 outputs the suggested power selling price to the processing unit 170 .

The processing unit 170 receives the sellable power capacity from the acquisition unit 156 and the suggested power sale price from the reception unit 160 . The processing unit 170 generates bid information including the suggested power selling price and the power selling capacity. The bidding information also includes identification information for identifying the power generator 100 (hereinafter referred to as "power generator ID") and information on the slot for which power is to be sold. The information of the slot for which power sale is desired is indicated by, for example, the start time of the slot. The processing unit 170 outputs the bid information to the second communication unit 162 . The second communication unit 162 transmits the bid information generated by the processing unit 170 to the server 300 . Server 300 receives bid information from power generator 100 .

The derivation unit 254 of the control system 220 in FIG. 4 manages calendar information, and acquires the current "month" as date information and the current "day of the week" as day of the week information. The derivation unit 254 accesses the storage unit 252 via the control unit 250 to acquire information on the power consumption of the load device 214 based on the acquired date information and day of the week information.

Storage unit 252 stores a table showing the correspondence between date information, day information, and power consumption of load device 214 . FIG. 7 shows the data structure of a table stored in the storage unit 252. As shown in FIG. Here, as an example, a table showing the power consumption when the date information is "May" and the day of the week information is "Sunday" is shown. Since storage unit 252 stores a table for each combination of various date information and day of the week information, storage unit 252 stores a plurality of tables. A table corresponding to the combination of the date information and the day-of-the-week information acquired by the derivation unit 254 is selected from the plurality of tables. Each table shows the maximum and minimum power consumption values for each of a plurality of slots. For example, a slot starting at 00:00 indicates a maximum power consumption value “C1” and a minimum power consumption value “D1”. The data structure of the table stored in the storage unit 252 is not limited to that shown in FIG. For example, the date information may be subdivided into "1st week of May" instead of "May". Return to FIG.

The derivation unit 254 extracts the maximum value and the minimum value of the power consumption of the slot for which the bid is desired, based on the current time, from the power consumption information acquired from the storage unit 252 . Again, the slot for which you wish to bid is, for example, the slot that arrives earliest from the current time. The derivation unit 254 derives the power consumption in the slot by calculating the average of the extracted maximum and minimum values of the power consumption. The derivation unit 254 may perform statistical processing other than averaging.

Further, the derivation unit 254 receives information about the power storage capacity of the SB 240 from the control unit 246 of the power storage system 218 via the control unit 250 and the first communication unit 248 . Derivation unit 254 calculates the difference between the power storage capacity of SB 240 and a value that is half the capacity of SB 240 . If the difference is 0 or more, that is, if the capacity charged in the SB 240 is 1/2 or more of the capacity of the SB 240, the derivation unit 254 subtracts the absolute value of the difference from the power consumption to obtain power purchase. Derive the available capacity. On the other hand, if the difference is less than 0, that is, if the capacity charged in the SB 240 is less than 1/2 of the capacity of the SB 240, the derivation unit 254 adds the absolute value of the difference to the power consumption. Derive the power purchase capacity. That is, the purchasable capacity of the consumer 200 is derived based on the power consumption of the load device 214 in the predetermined slot, but also reflects the power storage capacity of the power storage system 218 in the predetermined slot. Such derivation of the power purchaseable capacity may be performed for each slot. Derivation unit 254 outputs the purchaseable power capacity to acquisition unit 256 . The acquisition unit 256 acquires the power purchaseable capacity from the derivation unit 254 . Acquisition unit 256 outputs the sellable capacity to determination unit 258 and processing unit 270 .

The table stored in storage unit 252 may be updated to reflect the actual power consumption. The load device 214 measures power consumption in each slot. A well-known technique may be used to measure the power consumption, so the description is omitted here. The load device 214 transmits information on the measured power consumption to the control system 220 . The first communication unit 248 of the control system 220 outputs the received information on the generated power amount to the control unit 250 . The control unit 250 selects a table corresponding to the date information and the day of the week information acquired by the deriving unit 254 from among the plurality of tables stored in the storage unit 252, and calculates the power consumption shown in the table. Identify maximum and minimum values. When the power consumption received from the load device 214 is greater than the maximum value of the table corresponding to the current time, the control unit 250 updates the maximum value of the table to match the power consumption received from the load device 214. do. On the other hand, if the power consumption received from the load device 214 is smaller than the minimum value of the table corresponding to the current time, the control unit 250 adjusts the minimum value of the table to match the power consumption received from the load device 214 . to update.

By operating the operation device 222, the user inputs a desired power purchase price per unit electric energy (hereinafter referred to as "desired power purchase price"). If the power purchase price is equal to or lower than the desired power purchase price, the desired power purchase price is set based on the policy that the customer 200 wishes to purchase power. The reception unit 260 receives an input of a suggested power selling price. The reception unit 260 outputs the suggested power selling price to the processing unit 270 .

The processing unit 270 receives the purchaseable power capacity from the acquisition unit 256 and the desired power purchase price from the reception unit 260 . The processing unit 270 generates bid information including the desired power purchase price and the power purchase capacity. The bidding information includes identification information for identifying the consumer 200 (hereinafter referred to as "consumer ID") and information on the slot from which power purchase is desired. The information on the slot for which power purchase is desired is indicated by, for example, the start time of the slot. The processing section 270 outputs the bid information to the second communication section 262 . The second communication unit 262 transmits the bid information generated by the processing unit 270 to the server 300 . Server 300 receives bid information from consumer 200 .

FIG. 8 is a sequence diagram showing a bidding process procedure by the distributed energy trading market system 1000. As shown in FIG. The power generator 100 receives the suggested selling price (S200). The consumer 200 receives the desired power purchase price (S202). The power generator 100 acquires the sellable capacity (S204). The consumer 200 acquires the purchasable capacity (S206). The power generator 100 generates bid information so as to include the suggested power selling price and the power selling capacity (S208). The consumer 200 generates bid information so as to include the desired power purchase price and the power purchase capacity (S210). The power generator 100 transmits bid information (S212), and the server 300 receives the bid information (S214). The consumer 200 transmits bid information (S216), and the server 300 receives the bid information (S218).

(4) Successful bid process The successful bid process is a process performed by the server 300 that has received bid information from the power generator 100 and the consumer 200, and is a process of matching the power generator 100 and the consumer 200 to be traded power. is. The result of matching is transmitted from server 300 to power generator 100 and consumer 200 as successful bid processing.

FIG. 9 shows the configuration of the server 300. As shown in FIG. Server 300 includes communication unit 310 , processing unit 312 , and storage unit 314 . Communication unit 310 is connected to network 20 and communicates with power generator 100 and consumer 200 via network 20 . Communication unit 310 receives bid information from power generator 100 and consumer 200 . The communication section 310 outputs the bid information to the processing section 312 . The processing unit 312 collectively stores the bid information for one slot in the storage unit 314 .

Storage unit 314 stores a database containing bid information for one slot under the control of processing unit 312 . 10(a) and 10(b) show the data structure of the database stored in the storage unit 314. FIG. FIG. 10( a ) shows bid information for one slot and bid information from a plurality of power generators 100 . As illustrated, for each power generator 100, a combination of a power generator ID, a suggested selling price, and a sellable capacity is stored. FIG. 10(b) shows bid information for one slot and bid information from a plurality of consumers 200. FIG. As illustrated, for each customer 200, a combination of a customer ID, a desired power purchase price, and a purchaseable power capacity is stored. Return to FIG.

Based on the database stored in the storage unit 314, the processing unit 312 executes matching processing between the power generator 100 and the consumer 200 for one slot. The processing unit 312 refers to the suggested power selling price in the database shown in FIG. 10(a), and extracts the combination of the lowest suggested power selling price and the sellable capacity corresponding to the suggested power selling price. do. Subsequently, the processing unit 312 extracts a combination of the next lowest suggested selling price and the sellable capacity corresponding to the suggested selling price. The processing unit 312 repeats such processing while increasing the suggested power selling price. Together with these processes, the processing unit 312 sequentially accumulates the sellable power capacity while raising the suggested power sale price. FIG. 11 shows an outline of processing in the processing unit 312. As shown in FIG. The horizontal axis indicates price, and the vertical axis indicates power consumption. An example of the price is a suggested selling price. In FIG. 11 , the result of accumulating the sellable capacity in order while increasing the suggested power sale price is shown as an accumulated power sale amount 600 . The accumulated power sales amount 600 is small when the suggested power sale price is low, and increases as the suggested power sale price rises. Return to FIG.

The processing unit 312 refers to the desired power purchase price in the database shown in FIG. 10B, and extracts the combination of the highest desired power purchase price and the power purchase capacity corresponding to the desired power purchase price. do. Subsequently, the processing unit 312 extracts a combination of the next highest desired power purchase price and the purchaseable power capacity corresponding to the desired power purchase price. The processing unit 312 repeats such processing while lowering the desired power purchase price. Together with these processes, the processing unit 312 sequentially accumulates the available power purchase capacity while lowering the desired power purchase price. An example of the price in FIG. 11 is the desired power purchase price, and the cumulative power purchase amount 602 indicates the result of sequentially accumulating the power purchase capacity while decreasing the desired power purchase price. Cumulative power purchase amount 602 is small when the desired power purchase price is high, and increases as the desired power purchase price decreases.

In FIG. 11 , the price at which the cumulative amount of power sold 600 and the cumulative amount of power purchased 602 match is indicated by “x”. Since the cumulative amount of power sold 600 and the cumulative amount of purchased power 602 match at the price "x", it can be said that the price "x" is the price specified by the matching process. The processing unit 312 identifies, from the database shown in FIG. 10(a), the combination of the power generator ID and the sellable capacity that gives the desired power selling price equal to or lower than the price "x". In addition, the processing unit 312 generates successful bid information for each identified power generator ID. The successful bid information includes information on the slot to sell power. In addition, the processing unit 312 identifies, from the database shown in FIG. 10(b), the combination of the consumer ID and the available power purchase capacity at which the desired power purchase price equals or exceeds the price "x". In addition, the processing unit 312 generates successful bid information for each of the identified consumer IDs. The successful bid information includes information on the slot for power purchase. Communication unit 310 transmits the successful bid information generated by processing unit 312 to power generator 100 and consumer 200 via network 20 .

FIG. 12 is a sequence diagram showing a successful bid processing procedure by the distributed power supply trading market system 1000. As shown in FIG. The server 300 stores bid information (S300). The server 300 executes matching processing based on the stored bid information (S302). The server 300 generates successful bid information (S304). The server 300 transmits successful bid information to the power generator 100 (S306), and transmits successful bid information to the consumer 200 (S308). The power generator 100 receives the successful bid information (S310), and the consumer 200 receives the successful bid information (S312).

(5) Power Control/Accounting Process The power control process includes control for the winning bidder 100 to stably reverse power flow and control for the winning bidder 200 to stably forward power flow. The first communication unit 148 in the control system 120 of FIG. 3 sequentially receives measurement results from the power meter 110 and outputs the measurement results to the input unit 164 . The input unit 164 receives the measurement result from the first communication unit 148 , that is, the measurement result of the power flowing backward from the power generator 100 to the power system 10 . The input unit 164 outputs the power measurement result to the control unit 150 .

After transmitting the bid information to the server 300 , the second communication unit 162 receives successful bid information from the server 300 . Second communication unit 162 outputs the successful bid information to control unit 150 . Upon receiving the successful bid information from the second communication unit 162 , the control unit 150 instructs the determination unit 158 to determine the threshold for the power to be reversed from the power generator 100 . Upon receiving an instruction to determine the threshold from control unit 150 , determination unit 158 determines the threshold based on the sellable power capacity acquired by acquisition unit 156 . Since the sellable power capacity is indicated by the amount of power in units of slots, the determining unit 158 derives a threshold greater than zero by dividing the sellable power capacity by the slot time. Derivation of the threshold is not limited to this. Decision unit 158 outputs the threshold to control unit 150 .

The control unit 150 extracts slot information from the successful bid information. When the slot indicated in the slot information arrives, the control unit 150 uses the measurement result received by the input unit 164 and the threshold value determined by the determination unit 158 to transmit power from the power generator 100 to the power system 10. Controls reverse power flow. This control is performed during the slots indicated in the slot information, that is, during the reverse power flow from the generator 100 to the power system 10 .

Specifically, control unit 150 determines charging of power storage system 118 when the measurement result exceeds the threshold value. Control unit 150 generates a first instruction signal for instructing power storage system 118 to charge, and transmits the first instruction signal to power storage system 118 via first communication unit 148 . Control unit 146 of power storage system 118 controls bidirectional DC/AC inverter 144 to charge SB 140 according to the received first instruction signal. Subsequently, control unit 146 measures the power storage capacity of SB 140 and generates information about the power storage capacity of SB 140 . Control unit 146 transmits information about the power storage capacity of SB 140 to control system 120 . The control unit 150 of the control system 120 receives information regarding the power storage capacity of the SB 140 via the first communication unit 148 . If the power storage capacity of SB 140 is smaller than the upper limit, control unit 150 repeats the above-described process and transmits the first instruction signal. On the other hand, if the power storage capacity of SB 140 is equal to or greater than the upper limit value, transmission of the first instruction signal is stopped. Here, the upper limit is set below the capacity of the SB 140 .

When the storage capacity of SB 140 is equal to or greater than the upper limit value and transmission of the first instruction signal is stopped, control unit 150 generates a second instruction signal for instructing load device 114 to increase power consumption, 1 to the load device 114 via the communication unit 148 . The load device 114 increases power consumption according to the received second instruction signal. For example, if the load device 114 is a cooling device, the set temperature is lowered and the air volume is increased. The load device 114 increases power consumption while receiving the second instruction signal. Here, the control unit 150 stops transmission of the first instruction signal or the second instruction signal when the measurement result transitions from exceeding the threshold value to not exceeding the threshold value. After executing the control for the power storage system 118, the control for the load device 114 is executed. However, control unit 150 may control power storage system 118 after controlling load device 114 .

Control unit 150 determines to discharge power storage system 118 when the measurement result is below the threshold. Control unit 150 generates a third instruction signal for instructing power storage system 118 to discharge, and transmits the third instruction signal to power storage system 118 via first communication unit 148 . Control unit 146 of power storage system 118 controls bidirectional DC/AC inverter 144 to discharge SB 140 according to the received third instruction signal. Subsequently, control unit 146 measures the power storage capacity of SB 140 and generates information about the power storage capacity of SB 140 . Control unit 146 transmits information about the power storage capacity of SB 140 to control system 120 . The control unit 150 of the control system 120 receives information regarding the power storage capacity of the SB 140 via the first communication unit 148 . If the power storage capacity of SB 140 is greater than the lower limit value, control unit 150 repeats the above-described process and transmits the third instruction signal. On the other hand, if the power storage capacity of SB 140 is equal to or less than the lower limit value, transmission of the third instruction signal is stopped. Here, the lower limit is set to be greater than or equal to zero.

When the storage capacity of SB 140 is equal to or less than the lower limit value and transmission of the third instruction signal is stopped, control unit 150 generates a fourth instruction signal for instructing load device 114 to suppress power consumption, 1 to the load device 114 via the communication unit 148 . The load device 114 suppresses power consumption according to the received fourth instruction signal. For example, if the load device 114 is a cooling device, the set temperature is increased and the air volume is decreased. The load device 114 suppresses power consumption while receiving the fourth instruction signal. Here, the control unit 150 stops transmission of the third instruction signal or the fourth instruction signal when there is a transition from when the measurement result is below the threshold to when it is not below the threshold. After executing the control for the power storage system 118, the control for the load device 114 is executed. However, control unit 150 may control power storage system 118 after controlling load device 114 .

The first communication unit 248 in the control system 220 of FIG. 4 sequentially receives measurement results from the power meter 210 and outputs the measurement results to the input unit 264 . The input unit 264 receives the measurement result from the first communication unit 248 , that is, the measurement result of the forward power flow from the power system 10 to the consumer 200 . The input unit 264 outputs the power measurement result to the control unit 250 .

After transmitting the bid information to the server 300 , the second communication unit 262 receives successful bid information from the server 300 . Second communication unit 262 outputs the successful bid information to control unit 250 . Upon receiving the successful bid information from the second communication unit 262 , the control unit 250 instructs the determination unit 258 to determine the threshold for the forward power flow to the consumer 200 . Upon receiving an instruction to determine the threshold from control unit 250 , determination unit 258 determines the threshold based on the purchaseable power capacity acquired by acquisition unit 256 . Since the purchasable power capacity is indicated by the amount of power in units of slots, the determining unit 258 derives a threshold greater than zero by dividing the purchasable power capacity by the time of the slot. Derivation of the threshold is not limited to this. Decision unit 258 outputs the threshold to control unit 250 .

The control unit 250 extracts slot information from the successful bid information. When the slot indicated in the slot information arrives, control unit 250 uses the measurement result received by input unit 264 and the threshold value determined by determination unit 258 to transmit power from power system 10 to consumer 200. Controls forward power flow. This control is performed during the slots indicated in the slot information, that is, during forward power flow from power system 10 to consumer 200 .

Specifically, control unit 250 determines to discharge power storage system 218 when the measurement result exceeds the threshold value. Control unit 250 generates a fifth instruction signal for instructing power storage system 218 to discharge, and transmits the fifth instruction signal to power storage system 218 via first communication unit 248 . Control unit 246 of power storage system 218 controls bidirectional DC/AC inverter 244 to discharge SB 240 according to the received fifth instruction signal. Following this, control unit 246 measures the storage capacity of SB 240 and generates information about the storage capacity of SB 240 . Control unit 246 transmits information about the power storage capacity of SB 240 to control system 220 . The control unit 250 of the control system 220 receives information regarding the power storage capacity of the SB 240 via the first communication unit 248 . If the power storage capacity of SB 240 is greater than the lower limit value, control unit 250 repeats the above-described processing and transmits the fifth instruction signal. On the other hand, if the storage capacity of SB 240 is equal to or less than the lower limit value, transmission of the fifth instruction signal is stopped. Here, the lower limit is set to be greater than or equal to zero.

When the storage capacity of SB 240 is equal to or lower than the lower limit value and transmission of the fifth instruction signal is stopped, control unit 250 generates a sixth instruction signal for instructing load device 214 to suppress power consumption, 1 to the load device 214 via the communication unit 248 . The load device 214 suppresses power consumption according to the received sixth instruction signal. The load device 214 suppresses power consumption while receiving the sixth instruction signal. Here, the control unit 250 stops transmission of the fifth instruction signal or the sixth instruction signal when there is a transition from when the measurement result exceeds the threshold to when it does not exceed the threshold. After executing the control for the power storage system 218, the control for the load device 214 is executed. However, control unit 250 may control power storage system 218 after controlling load device 214 .

Control unit 250 determines to charge power storage system 218 when the measurement result is below the threshold. Control unit 250 generates a seventh instruction signal for instructing power storage system 218 to charge, and transmits the seventh instruction signal to power storage system 218 via first communication unit 248 . Control unit 246 of power storage system 218 controls bidirectional DC/AC inverter 244 to charge SB 240 according to the received seventh instruction signal. Following this, control unit 246 measures the storage capacity of SB 240 and generates information about the storage capacity of SB 240 . Control unit 246 transmits information about the power storage capacity of SB 240 to control system 220 . The control unit 250 of the control system 220 receives information regarding the power storage capacity of the SB 240 via the first communication unit 248 . If the storage capacity of SB 240 is smaller than the upper limit value, control unit 250 repeats the above-described processing and transmits the seventh instruction signal. On the other hand, if the power storage capacity of SB 240 is equal to or greater than the upper limit value, transmission of the seventh instruction signal is stopped. Here, the upper limit is set below the capacity of the SB 240 .

When the storage capacity of SB 240 is equal to or greater than the upper limit value and transmission of the seventh instruction signal is stopped, control unit 250 generates an eighth instruction signal for instructing load device 214 to increase power consumption, 1 to the load device 214 via the communication unit 248 . The load device 214 increases power consumption according to the received eighth instruction signal. The load device 214 increases power consumption while receiving the eighth indication signal. Here, the control unit 250 stops transmission of the seventh instruction signal or the eighth instruction signal when the measurement result transitions from being below the threshold to not being below the threshold. After executing the control for the power storage system 218, the control for the load device 214 is executed. However, control unit 250 may control power storage system 218 after controlling load device 214 .

The power control processing described so far is performed until the target slot ends. After the power control process ends, the settlement process starts. The settlement process is a process of settlement of electricity charges after the trading of power between the power generator 100 and the consumer 200 in a predetermined slot is completed. The first communication unit 148 in the control system 120 of FIG. 3 receives measurement results from the power meter 110 and outputs the measurement results to the input unit 164 . This measurement result includes information on the power amount in the slot where the power sale was executed, that is, the power sale amount. The input unit 164 receives the measurement result from the first communication unit 148, that is, the measurement result of the power sales amount. The input unit 164 outputs the measurement result of the sold power amount to the control unit 150 . The control unit 150 generates measurement data including the measurement result of the amount of power sold received from the input unit 164 . The measurement data also includes information on the generator ID and the slot where the power sale was executed. The control unit 150 transmits measurement data to the server 300 via the second communication unit 162 and the network 20 .

The first communication unit 248 in the control system 220 of FIG. 4 receives measurement results from the power meter 210 and outputs the measurement results to the input unit 264 . This measurement result includes information on the power amount in the slot where the power purchase was executed, that is, the power purchase amount. The input unit 264 receives the measurement result from the first communication unit 248, that is, the measurement result of the power purchase amount. The input unit 264 outputs the measurement result of the purchased power amount to the control unit 250 . The control unit 250 generates measurement data including the measurement result of the power purchase amount received from the input unit 264 . The measurement data also includes consumer ID and information on the slot where the power purchase was executed. The control unit 250 transmits measurement data to the server 300 via the second communication unit 262 and the network 20 .

Communication unit 310 in FIG. 9 receives measurement data from power generator 100 and consumer 200 . The communication unit 310 outputs measurement data to the processing unit 312 . The processing unit 312 extracts information on the slot in which the power sale or power purchase is executed from the received measurement data, and collects the measurement data for the same slot. In addition, based on the collected measurement data, the processing unit 312 executes settlement processing for the combination of the power generator ID and the measurement result of the amount of power sold, and the combination of the consumer ID and the measurement result of the amount of power purchased. Since a known technique may be used for the settlement process, the description is omitted here. At that time, an incentive for the power generator 100 or the consumer 200 may be calculated.

FIG. 13 is a sequence diagram showing a power control/settlement processing procedure by the distributed power supply trading market system 1000. As shown in FIG. The power generator 100 starts selling power (S400), and the consumer 200 starts buying power (S402). The generator 100 keeps the reverse power flow constant (S404), and the consumer 200 keeps the forward power flow constant (S406). The power generator 100 finishes selling power (S408), and the consumer 200 finishes buying power (S410). The power generator 100 transmits the measurement data to the server 300 (S412), and the consumer 200 transmits the measurement data to the server 300 (S414). The server 300 executes settlement processing (S416).

The subject of an apparatus, system, or method in this disclosure comprises a computer. The main functions of the device, system, or method of the present disclosure are realized by the computer executing the program. A computer has a processor that operates according to a program as its main hardware configuration. Any type of processor can be used as long as it can implement functions by executing a program. The processor is composed of one or more electronic circuits including a semiconductor integrated circuit (IC) or LSI (Large Scale Integration). A plurality of electronic circuits may be integrated on one chip or may be provided on a plurality of chips. A plurality of chips may be integrated into one device, or may be provided in a plurality of devices. The program is recorded in a non-temporary recording medium such as a computer-readable ROM, optical disk, hard disk drive, or the like. The program may be pre-stored in a recording medium, or may be supplied to the recording medium via a wide area network including the Internet.

According to this embodiment, when the reverse power flow exceeds the threshold, the power consumption of the load device 114 is increased, so the reverse power flow can be brought closer to the threshold. Further, when the reverse power flow exceeds the threshold, the power storage system 118 is charged, so the reverse power flow can be brought closer to the threshold. In addition, when the reverse power flow is below the threshold, the load device 114 is caused to reduce the power consumption, so the reverse power flow can be brought close to the threshold. In addition, when the reverse power flow falls below the threshold, the power storage system 118 is discharged, so the reverse power flow can be brought close to the threshold. In addition, since the power flowing in the reverse direction approaches the threshold value, fluctuations in the power flowing in the reverse direction can be reduced.

In addition, since the threshold is determined from the sellable power capacity derived based on the amount of power generated by the solar cell system 116, the threshold can be set according to the state of power generation. In addition, since the power storage capacity of power storage system 118 in a predetermined time period is also reflected in the sellable power capacity, control can be executed in consideration of the power storage capacity of power storage system 118 . In addition, since the bid information including the suggested power selling price and the available power selling capacity is transmitted to the server 300, the bid can be executed while presenting the suggested selling price and the available power selling capacity. In addition, since the input of the desired power selling price is received, the desired selling power price can be set according to the user's request. In addition, when the successful bid information is received, the control of the reverse power flow is executed, so the control can be executed according to the sellable power capacity.

In addition, when the power flowing forward exceeds the threshold, the power consumption of the load device 214 is suppressed, so the power flowing forward can be brought close to the threshold. In addition, when the forward-flowing power exceeds the threshold, the power storage system 218 is discharged, so the forward-flowing power can be brought closer to the threshold. In addition, when the forward power flow is below the threshold, the power consumption of the load device 214 is increased, so the forward power flow can be brought closer to the threshold. Further, when the forward power flow is below the threshold, the power storage system 218 is charged, so the forward power flow can be brought close to the threshold. In addition, since the forward-flowing power approaches the threshold value, fluctuations in the forward-flowing power can be reduced. Further, since the threshold is determined based on the purchaseable power capacity of the consumer 200, the threshold can be set according to the purchaseable power capacity.

In addition, since the power consumption of the load device 214 in a predetermined time period is reflected in the power purchaseable capacity, control can be executed in consideration of the power consumption of the load device 214 . In addition, since the power storage capacity of the power storage system 218 in a predetermined time period is reflected in the power purchaseable capacity, control can be executed in consideration of the power storage capacity of the power storage system 218 . In addition, since the bid information including the desired power purchase price and the available power purchase capacity is transmitted to the server 300, the bid can be executed while presenting the desired power purchase price and the available power purchase capacity. In addition, since the input of the desired power purchase price is accepted, the desired power purchase price can be set according to the user's request. In addition, when the successful bid information is received, forward power flow control is executed, so control can be executed according to the power purchase capacity.

A summary of one aspect of the present disclosure is as follows.
(Item 1-1)
an input unit 164 that receives the measurement result of the power flowing backward from the power generator 100 to the power system 10;
A control unit 150 that controls reverse power flow from the power generator 100 to the power system 10 based on the measurement results received by the input unit 164,
While the control unit 150 reversely flows power from the power generator 100 to the power system 10,
(i) If the measurement result received at the input unit 164 exceeds a threshold greater than zero, the load equipment 114 installed in the power generator 100 is caused to increase power consumption, or the power generator 100 is Charge the installed power storage system 118,
(ii) causing the load device 114 to reduce power consumption or discharging the power storage system 118 when the measurement result received by the input unit 164 is below the threshold;
control system 120;

(Item 1-3)
The power generator 100 comprises a solar cell system 116 that uses renewable energy to generate power,
an acquisition unit 156 that acquires a sellable power capacity derived based on the amount of power generated by the solar cell system 116 in a predetermined time period;
a determination unit 158 that determines the threshold used in the control unit 150 based on the sellable capacity acquired by the acquisition unit 156;
Control system 120 according to item 1-1 or 1-2, further comprising:

(Item 1-4)
The sellable capacity acquired by the acquisition unit 156 also reflects the power storage capacity of the power storage system 118 during the predetermined time period.
A control system 120 according to items 1-3.

(Item 1-5)
further comprising a second communication unit 162 that communicates with the server 300 that mediates the power trading market;
The second communication unit 162 transmits to the server 300 bid information including a desired price per unit electric energy and the sellable capacity acquired by the acquisition unit 156.
A control system 120 according to items 1-3 or 1-4.

(Item 1-6)
Further comprising a reception unit 160 that receives the input of the price,
A control system 120 according to items 1-5.

(Item 1-7)
The control unit 150 is
When the second communication unit 162 receives successful bid information from the server 300 after transmitting the bid information to the server 300, the measurement results received by the input unit 164 and the determination unit 158 determine performing control using said threshold;
A control system 120 according to items 1-5 or 1-6.

(Item 1-8)
a step of receiving a measurement result of power flowing backward from the power generator 100 to the power system 10;
A step of controlling the reverse power flow from the power generator 100 to the power system 10 based on the received measurement result,
In the step of controlling, while the power is reversely flowing from the power generator 100 to the power system 10,
(i) causing the load equipment 114 installed in the power generator 100 to increase power consumption or the power storage system installed in the power generator 100 when the received measurement result exceeds a threshold greater than zero; 118 to charge,
(ii) causing the load device 114 to reduce power consumption or discharging the power storage system 118 when the received measurement result is below the threshold;
control method.

(Item 2-1)
an input unit 264 that receives measurement results of forward power flowing from the power system 10 to the consumer 200;
While forward power is flowing from the power system 10 to the consumer 200,
(i) When the measurement result received by the input unit 264 exceeds a threshold greater than zero, the load device 214 installed in the consumer 200 is caused to reduce power consumption, or the consumer 200 Discharging the installed power storage system 218,
(ii) a control unit 250 that causes the load device 214 to increase power consumption or charge the power storage system 218 when the measurement result received by the input unit 264 is below the threshold;
an acquisition unit 256 that acquires the purchaseable power capacity of the consumer 200 in a predetermined time period;
a determination unit 258 that determines the threshold used in the control unit 250 based on the power purchaseable capacity acquired by the acquisition unit 256;
A control system 220 comprising:

(Item 2-3)
The power consumption amount of the load device 214 in the predetermined time period is reflected in the power purchaseable capacity acquired by the acquisition unit 256.
A control system 220 according to item 2-1 or 2-2.

(Item 2-4)
The power purchasable capacity acquired by the acquisition unit 256 also reflects the power storage capacity of the power storage system 218 during the predetermined time period.
A control system 220 according to item 2-3.

(Item 2-5)
further comprising a second communication unit 262 that communicates with the server 300 that mediates the power trading market;
The second communication unit 262 transmits to the server 300 bid information including a desired price per unit electric energy and the power purchaseable capacity acquired by the acquisition unit 256.
A control system 220 according to items 2-3 or 2-4.

(Item 2-6)
Further comprising a reception unit 260 that receives the input of the price,
A control system 220 according to items 2-5.

(Item 2-7)
The control unit 250 is
When the second communication unit 262 receives bid information from the server 300 after transmitting the bid information to the server 300, the measurement results received by the input unit 264 and the determination unit 258 determine performing control using said threshold;
A control system 220 according to items 2-5 or 2-6.

(Item 2-8)
a step of receiving a measurement result of forward power flowing from the power system 10 to the consumer 200;
While forward power is flowing from the power system 10 to the consumer 200,
(i) When the received measurement result exceeds a threshold greater than zero, the load device 214 installed in the consumer 200 is caused to reduce power consumption, or the power storage system installed in the consumer 200 218, and
(ii) causing the load device 214 to increase power consumption or charge the power storage system 218 if the received measurement result is below the threshold;
a step of obtaining a purchaseable power capacity of the consumer 200 in a predetermined time period;
determining the threshold value based on the acquired power purchaseable capacity;
A control method comprising:

(Example 2)
Next, Example 2 will be described. Example 2, like Example 1, relates to a distributed power supply trading market system including power generators and consumers. The power generator in the first embodiment controls the reverse power flow from the power generator to the power system based on the measured power, and the consumer controls the forward power flow from the power system to the consumer based on the measured power. control the power to be applied. On the other hand, in the power generator in Example 2, based on the measured amount of power, the amount of power flowing backward from the power generator to the power system is controlled, and based on the measured amount of power, the consumer controls the power from the power system. Controls the forward power flow to the consumer. That is, in the second embodiment, the unit of control is changed from electric power to electric energy. A distributed power supply trading market system 1000, a power generator 100, a consumer 200, and a server 300 according to the second embodiment are of the same type as those shown in FIGS. Here, the description will focus on the differences from the first embodiment. Also, (2) market participation processing, (3) bidding processing, and (4) bidding processing are the same as those in the first embodiment, so descriptions thereof will be omitted here.

(5) Power Control/Accounting Process The first communication unit 148 in the control system 120 of FIG. 3 receives measurement results from the power meter 110 and outputs the measurement results to the input unit 164 . The input unit 164 receives the result of measurement from the first communication unit 148 , that is, the result of measurement of the amount of power that reversely flows from the power generator 100 to the power system 10 . The input unit 164 outputs the power amount measurement result to the control unit 150 . Further, upon receiving an instruction to determine the threshold from control unit 150 , determination unit 158 determines the threshold based on the sellable power capacity acquired by acquisition unit 156 . For example, the determining unit 158 sets the sellable capacity as the threshold. Derivation of the threshold is not limited to this. Decision unit 158 outputs the threshold to control unit 150 .

The control unit 150 extracts slot information from the successful bid information. When the slot indicated in the slot information arrives, the control unit 150 uses the measurement result received by the input unit 164 and the threshold value determined by the determination unit 158 to transmit power from the power generator 100 to the power system 10. Control the amount of reverse power flow. The control based on the comparison of the measurement result and the threshold value is the same as in Example 1, but when the measurement result is expected to exceed the threshold value, or the measurement result is expected to fall below the threshold value. control is applied. The case where the measurement result is expected to exceed the threshold corresponds to the measurement result exceeding the threshold within the slot when the measurement result continues to fluctuate. The same is true when the measurement result is expected to fall below the threshold. This control is performed during the slots indicated in the slot information, that is, during the reverse power flow from the generator 100 to the power system 10 .

The first communication unit 248 in the control system 220 of FIG. 4 receives measurement results from the power meter 210 and outputs the measurement results to the input unit 264 . The input unit 264 receives the measurement result from the first communication unit 248 , that is, the measurement result of the forward power flow from the power system 10 to the consumer 200 . The input unit 264 outputs the power amount measurement result to the control unit 250 . Further, upon receiving an instruction to determine a threshold from control unit 250 , determination unit 258 determines a threshold based on the purchaseable power capacity acquired by acquisition unit 256 . For example, the determining unit 258 sets the power purchaseable capacity as the threshold value. Derivation of the threshold is not limited to this. Decision unit 258 outputs the threshold to control unit 250 .

The control unit 250 extracts slot information from the successful bid information. When the slot indicated in the slot information arrives, control unit 250 uses the measurement result received by input unit 264 and the threshold value determined by determination unit 258 to transmit power from power system 10 to consumer 200. Controls forward power flow. The control based on the comparison of the measurement result and the threshold value is the same as in Example 1, but when the measurement result is expected to exceed the threshold value, or the measurement result is expected to fall below the threshold value. control is applied. This control is performed during the slots indicated in the slot information, that is, during forward power flow from power system 10 to consumer 200 .

According to this embodiment, when the amount of reverse power flow exceeds the threshold, the power consumption of the load device 114 is increased, so that the amount of reverse power flow can be brought close to the threshold. In addition, when the amount of power flowing in the reverse direction exceeds the threshold value, the power storage system 118 is charged, so the amount of power flowing in the reverse direction can be brought close to the threshold value. In addition, when the amount of reverse power flow falls below the threshold, the load device 114 is caused to reduce power consumption, so the amount of reverse power flow can be brought close to the threshold. In addition, when the amount of reverse power flow falls below the threshold value, power storage system 118 is discharged, so that the amount of reverse power flow can be brought close to the threshold value. In addition, since the amount of power flowing in the reverse direction approaches the threshold value, fluctuations in the amount of power flowing in the reverse direction can be reduced. Moreover, since the control is executed based on the amount of reverse power flow, the control can be simplified.

In addition, when the forward power flow exceeds the threshold, the load device 214 is caused to reduce power consumption, so the forward power flow can be brought close to the threshold. In addition, when the amount of forward power flow exceeds the threshold value, the power storage system 218 is discharged, so the amount of forward power flow can be brought close to the threshold value. In addition, when the forward power flow amount is below the threshold value, the power consumption of the load device 214 is increased, so the forward power flow power amount can be brought close to the threshold value. In addition, when the forward power flow amount is below the threshold value, the power storage system 218 is charged, so the forward power flow power amount can be brought close to the threshold value. In addition, since the amount of power flowing forward approaches the threshold value, fluctuations in the amount of power flowing forward can be reduced. Further, since the threshold is determined based on the purchaseable power capacity of the consumer 200, the threshold can be set according to the purchaseable power capacity. Moreover, since the control is executed based on the amount of forward power flow, the control can be simplified.

A summary of one aspect of the present disclosure is as follows.
(Item 1-2)
an input unit 164 that receives a measurement result of the amount of power that reversely flows from the power generator 100 to the power system 10;
Based on the measurement result received by the input unit 164, a control unit 150 that controls the amount of power flowing backward from the power generator 100 to the power system 10,
While the control unit 150 reversely flows power from the power generator 100 to the power system 10,
(i) If the measurement result received at the input unit 164 can exceed a threshold greater than zero, causing the load equipment 114 installed in the power generator 100 to increase power consumption, or the power generator 100 to to charge the power storage system 118 installed in the
(ii) causing the load device 114 to reduce power consumption or discharging the power storage system 118 when the measurement result received by the input unit 164 may fall below the threshold;
control system 120;

(Item 1-9)
a step of receiving a measurement result of the amount of power that reversely flows from the power generator 100 to the power system 10;
A step of controlling the amount of power flowing backward from the power generator 100 to the power system 10 based on the received measurement results,
In the step of controlling, while the power is reversely flowing from the power generator 100 to the power system 10,
(i) causing a load device 114 installed in the power generator 100 to increase power consumption or a power storage installed in the power generator 100 if the received measurement result can exceed a threshold greater than zero; charging the system 118;
(ii) causing the load device 114 to reduce power consumption or discharging the power storage system 118 when the received measurement result may fall below the threshold;
control method.

(Item 2-2)
an input unit 264 that receives a measurement result of the amount of forward power flowing from the power system 10 to the consumer 200;
While forward power is flowing from the power system 10 to the consumer 200,
(i) When the measurement result received by the input unit 264 can exceed a threshold greater than zero, the load device 214 installed in the consumer 200 is caused to reduce power consumption, or the consumer 200 to discharge the power storage system 218 installed in
(ii) a control unit 250 that causes the load device 214 to increase power consumption or charge the power storage system 218 when the measurement result received at the input unit 264 may fall below the threshold;
an acquisition unit 256 that acquires the purchaseable power capacity of the consumer 200 in a predetermined time period;
a determination unit 258 that determines the threshold used in the control unit 250 based on the power purchaseable capacity acquired by the acquisition unit 256;
A control system 220 comprising:
(Item 2-9)

a step of receiving a measurement result of the amount of forward power flowing from the power system 10 to the consumer 200;
While forward power is flowing from the power system 10 to the consumer 200,
(i) When the received measurement result can exceed a threshold greater than zero, the load device 214 installed in the consumer 200 is caused to reduce power consumption, or the power storage installed in the consumer 200 discharging the system 218;
(ii) causing the load device 214 to increase power consumption or charge the power storage system 218 if the received measurement result may be below the threshold;
a step of obtaining a purchaseable power capacity of the consumer 200 in a predetermined time period;
determining the threshold value based on the acquired power purchaseable capacity;
A control method comprising:

The present disclosure has been described above based on the embodiments. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that this embodiment is an example, and that various modifications are possible in the combination of each component or each treatment process, and such modifications are within the scope of the present disclosure. .

10 power system, 20 network, 100 power generator, 110 power meter, 112 distribution board, 114 load device, 116 solar cell system (power supply device), 118 power storage system, 120 control system, 122 operation device, 148 first communication unit 150 control unit 152 storage unit 154 derivation unit 156 acquisition unit 158 determination unit 160 reception unit 162 second communication unit (communication unit) 164 input unit 170 processing unit 200 consumer 210 electric power meter , 212 distribution board, 214 load device, 218 power storage system, 220 control system, 222 operation device, 248 first communication unit, 250 control unit, 252 storage unit, 254 derivation unit, 256 acquisition unit, 258 determination unit, 260 reception Section 262 Second Communication Section (Communication Section) 264 Input Section 270 Processing Section 300 Server 400 Power Transmission and Distribution Business Operator 500 Retail Electricity Business Operator 1000 Distributed Power Trading Market System.

In order to solve the above problems, a control system according to one aspect of the present disclosure includes an input unit that receives measurement results of forward power flowing from the power system to the consumer, and forward power from the power system to the consumer. (i) when the measurement result received at the input unit exceeds a threshold greater than zero, causing the load equipment installed in the consumer to reduce power consumption, or the power storage installed in the consumer; a controller that discharges the system and (ii) causes the load device to consume more power or charge the storage system if the measurement result received at the input is below a threshold; a storage unit that stores a plurality of tables related to power consumption of consumers in the storage unit, a derivation unit that derives data used for statistical processing from the tables stored in the storage unit, and statistical processing of the data derived by the derivation unit and a determination unit that determines a threshold value used in the control unit based on the purchaseable power capacity acquired by the acquisition unit. .

Another aspect of the disclosure is also a control system. This control system includes an input unit that receives the measurement result of the amount of power forwardly flowing from the power system to the customer, and (i) the measurement received at the input unit while the power is forwardly flowing from the power system to the customer. If the result can exceed a threshold greater than zero, cause the load equipment installed in the customer to reduce power consumption or discharge the storage system installed in the customer, and (ii) at the input unit A control unit that causes the load device to increase power consumption or charges the power storage system when the received measurement result can fall below the threshold, and a storage unit that stores a plurality of tables; a derivation unit that derives data used for statistical processing from the tables stored in the storage unit; An acquisition unit that acquires the capacity, and a determination unit that determines a threshold used in the control unit based on the purchaseable power capacity acquired by the acquisition unit.

Yet another aspect of the present disclosure is a control method. The method comprises the steps of: receiving a measurement result of forward power flowing from the power system to the customer; and during forward power flowing from the power system to the customer, (i) the received measurement result being greater than zero When the threshold is exceeded, the load equipment installed in the consumer is made to reduce power consumption, or the power storage system installed in the consumer is discharged, and (ii) the received measurement result falls below the threshold. In this case, a step of causing the load device to increase power consumption or charging the power storage system, and referring to a plurality of tables relating to the power consumption of the consumer in each of a plurality of time periods, are used for statistical processing. a step of deriving data to be used, a step of obtaining a purchaseable power capacity of a consumer calculated by statistical processing of the derived data in a predetermined time period, and a step of obtaining the purchased power capacity based on the obtained power purchaseable capacity and determining a threshold.

Yet another aspect of the present disclosure is also a control method. This method comprises steps of: receiving a measurement result of the amount of power forwardly flowing from the power system to the customer; When the large threshold can be exceeded, the load equipment installed in the consumer is caused to reduce power consumption, or the power storage system installed in the consumer is discharged, and (ii) the received measurement result exceeds the threshold. a step of causing the load device to increase power consumption or charging the power storage system when the power consumption can fall below the power consumption, and referring to a plurality of tables relating to the power consumption of the consumer in each of a plurality of time periods, statistically a step of deriving data to be used for processing; a step of obtaining a purchaseable power capacity at a consumer calculated by statistical processing of the derived data in a predetermined time period; and determining a threshold.

Claims (1)

an input unit that receives measurement results of forward power flow from the power system to the consumer;
While forward power is flowing from the power system to the consumer,
(i) when the measurement result received by the input unit exceeds a threshold value greater than zero, causing the load equipment installed in the consumer to suppress power consumption, or the power storage installed in the consumer; discharge the system,
(ii) a control unit that causes the load device to increase power consumption or charges the power storage system when the measurement result received by the input unit is below the threshold value;
an acquisition unit that acquires a purchaseable power capacity of the consumer in a predetermined time period;
a determination unit that determines the threshold value used in the control unit based on the power purchaseable capacity acquired by the acquisition unit;
A control system with

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