JP2022161474A - Water shielding device and shelter - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a water shielding device which is compact and can be installed on a ceiling or the like, and a shelter provided with the water shielding device.SOLUTION: In a water shielding device 80, an inner cylinder part 50 combines the functions of an air passage, a float, and an opening/closing valve that opens/closes the passage. This makes it possible to compact the scale of the device and reduce its size. In addition, the movement of the inner cylinder part 50 is a simple vertical movement along a shaft 40, so the space required for the movement is small, which also contributes to the miniaturization of the device scale. Furthermore, since the inner cylinder part 50 is housed in an outer cylinder part 30 and the inner cylinder part 50 functions as a float, even a relatively small amount of water can make the inner cylinder part 50 float and make the water shielding device 80 closed. Accordingly, the amount of water stored in the outer cylinder part 30 can be reduced, and the weight in the closed state can be reduced. This makes it possible to install the water shielding device 80 on the upper part of a room such as a ceiling, so that the water shielding device 80 does not put pressure on the floor area and the indoor space can be effectively used.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a water-blocking device that closes a pipe when water flows into it, and a shelter provided with this water-blocking device.

In recent years, disasters such as earthquakes and floods have occurred frequently. In order to protect oneself from such disasters, emergency shelters that can be installed in the basements and gardens of individual houses are commercially available. As inventions relating to such a shelter, for example, inventions described in [Patent Document 1] and [Patent Document 2] below are disclosed. In addition, in such a shelter, it is common to provide a vent in the upper part of the roof or the like, and as described in [Patent Document 2], the opening of the vent is directed downward to prevent the inflow of water. There are many things to prevent.

However, due to recent river floods, etc., muddy currents often flow into urban areas, and depending on the flow speed and swell condition, water may flow over the U-shaped portion of the downward-facing vent. In the case of such a flood, it is conceivable that driftwood, household goods, vehicles, and the like may be washed away, and these may collide with and damage the vents, allowing water to flow in from there. For this problem, for example, a water cutoff device 1 using a constant water level valve 10 as shown in FIG. 4 can be considered. In this conventional water cutoff device 1, a water tank 3 having a constant capacity is connected to a vent pipe 15 (intake pipe or exhaust pipe), and a constant water level valve 10 having a float 12 is connected to the tip of the vent pipe 15. there is Further, an indoor ventilation pipe 16 is provided on the upper surface of the water tank 3 to connect the ventilation pipe 15 and the inside of the shelter via the water tank 3 . Normally, the inside of the water tank 3 is empty and the float 12 is at a low position. At this time, the constant water level valve 10 is open, and air flows through the ventilation pipe 15, the constant water level valve 10, the water tank 3, and the indoor ventilation pipe 16. However, when water flows into the vent pipe 15, this water passes through the constant water level valve 10 and accumulates in the water tank 3, thereby causing the float 12 to float. When the float 12 floats up to a predetermined high position, the constant water level valve 10 is closed and the vent pipe 15 is blocked, thereby blocking any further inflow of water into the water tank 3 . This can prevent water from entering the shelter.

JP 2019-100016 A JP 2020-090876 A

However, the conventional water shut-off device 1 using the constant water level valve 10 requires at least the water tank 3 of a size in which the float 12 can be rotated by the arm 12a, resulting in the problem of increasing the size of the device. In addition, when the size of the water tank 3 increases, it becomes necessary to place the water tank 3 on the floor because a non-negligible amount of water accumulates in the water tank 3 . This is not preferable because the floor space in the shelter is squeezed.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide a waterproof device that is compact and can be installed on a ceiling or the like, and a shelter provided with the same.

The present invention
(1) An outer cylindrical portion 30 having an external vent 32 on the upper surface and an internal vent 34 on the lower surface, a shaft 40 erected in the outer cylindrical portion 30, and the shaft 40 extending inside the outer cylindrical portion 30. and an inner cylinder portion 50 having an inner cylinder ventilation port 52 on the upper surface and a communication port 54 on the lower surface, and an inner cylinder portion 50 positioned above the inner cylinder portion 50 and moving up and down from the upper surface of the outer cylinder portion 30 at a predetermined distance. A rectifying plate 60 provided with a gap, a side wall 60a extending downward from the rectifying plate 60 and surrounding the upper side surface of the inner cylindrical portion 50 with a predetermined gap, and the inner cylindrical portion 50 having a waterproof property. A telescopic tube 42 that expands and contracts along with the vertical movement of the body and connects the communication port 54 and the internal vent 34, and a waterproof part 62 provided on the upper surface of the inner cylinder part 50 so as to surround the inner cylinder vent 52. and
When water is stored in the outer cylinder portion 30, the inner cylinder portion 50 floats upward, and the waterproof portion 62 comes into contact with the rectifying plate 60 to close the inner cylinder vent 52 and the inner vent 34. The above problem is solved by providing a water blocking device 80 characterized by preventing water from flowing into the water.
(2) The waterproof portion 62 is composed of a first waterproof portion 62a provided at the edge of the inner cylinder vent 52 and a second waterproof portion 62b provided so as to surround the first waterproof portion 62a. The above problem is solved by providing the waterproof device 80 described in (1) above, which is characterized by:
(3) The above problems are solved by providing the waterproof device 80 described in (1) or (2) above, characterized in that the expandable pipe 42 is constructed in two layers.
(4) The water level confirmation pipe 70 is provided so that the inside can be visually observed and is connected to the upper portion and the lower portion of the outer cylinder portion 30 so that the water level of the water stored in the outer cylinder portion 30 can be visually confirmed. The above problems are solved by providing the waterproof device 80 according to any one of (1) to (3) above.
(5) The shelter main body 102 having waterproofness, the door portion 104 that is waterproof in the closed state and allows people to enter and exit, and the roof provided on the roof of the shelter main body 102 to prevent air flow between the outside and the inside of the shelter main body 102. and a water blocking device 80 according to any one of (1) to (4) above,
The above problem is solved by providing a shelter 100 characterized in that the external vent 32 of the water blocking device 80 is connected to the vent pipe 15 .
(6) The problem is solved by providing the shelter 100 described in (5) above, characterized in that the water blocking device 80 is installed on the ceiling portion of the shelter body 102 .

In the water blocking device according to the present invention, the inner cylindrical portion functions as an air flow path, as a float, and as an on-off valve that opens and closes the flow path. In addition, since the movement of the inner cylindrical portion is a simple up-and-down movement, the space required for movement is small. For this reason, the scale of the apparatus can be made compact and the size thereof can be reduced. In addition, since the inner cylindrical portion functions as a float, the water cutoff device can function even with a relatively small amount of water. As a result, the amount of water stored in the outer cylindrical portion can be reduced, and the weight in the closed state can be reduced. As a result, it becomes possible to install the water blocking device in the upper part, and the indoor space can be effectively used.

FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an open state of the water blocking device according to the present invention; FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a closed state of the water blocking device according to the present invention; Fig. 3 shows a shelter according to the invention; It is a figure which shows the conventional waterproofing apparatus using a float.

An embodiment of a water blocking device and a shelter according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. Here, FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the open state of the water blocking device 80 according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the closed state of the water blocking device 80. As shown in FIG. The water blocking device 80 according to the present invention is suitable for vent pipes of shelters, but the usage is not limited to this. It can also be applied to car lots, underground bicycle parking lots, aisles, tunnels, warehouses, underground facilities such as electrical equipment, semi-underground facilities, ground facilities, buried pipes and other vents, and the like.

First, the waterproof device 80 according to the present invention shown in FIG. a rectifying plate 60 positioned above the inner cylindrical portion 50 and fixed to the upper portion of the outer cylindrical portion 30; and extending downward from the rectifying plate 60 to the upper side of the inner cylindrical portion 50. , a telescopic tube 42 that is waterproof and expands and contracts along with the vertical movement of the inner cylindrical portion 50 , and a waterproof portion 62 provided on the upper surface of the inner cylindrical portion 50 .

An external ventilation port 32 is provided in the center of the upper surface of the outer cylindrical portion 30, and this external ventilation port 32 is connected to, for example, the ventilation pipe 15 connected to the outside. Further, the shaft 40 is basically erected upward from substantially the center of the lower surface of the outer cylindrical portion 30 . An internal vent 34 is provided on the lower surface of the outer cylindrical portion 30 so as to surround the shaft 40, and this internal vent 34 is connected to an indoor vent pipe 16 that is connected to a room such as a shelter or an underground facility. A drain pipe 36 for discharging water accumulated in the outer cylinder portion 30 is provided on the lower surface of the outer cylinder portion 30, and the drain pipe 36 is opened and closed by, for example, an on-off valve 36a. Furthermore, a spacer 38 that defines the lower limit of the vertical movement of the inner tubular portion 50 may be provided at the lower portion of the outer tubular portion 30 . The external shape of the outer cylindrical portion 30 is not particularly limited, such as a quadrangular prism, a hexagonal prism, etc., but it is preferably cylindrical.

Also, a water level confirmation pipe 70 may be provided in the outer cylindrical portion 30 . This water level confirmation pipe 70 is provided outside the outer cylinder portion 30 and is composed of a transparent or translucent pipe whose interior is visible. connected to the bottom of the When water is stored in the outer cylinder portion 30, part of the water also flows into the outer cylinder portion 30, and the water level in the water level confirmation pipe 70 at this time is the water stored in the outer cylinder portion 30. equal to the water level of Therefore, by confirming the presence or absence of water in the water level confirmation pipe 70 and the water level, the user can grasp the inflow of water from the vent pipe 15 and the amount of water stored in the outer cylinder portion 30 . Further, by marking the water level at which the water blocking device 80 closes on the water level confirmation pipe 70 in advance, the user can know the closing operation of the water blocking device 80 . In addition, in the configuration provided with this water level confirmation pipe 70, since a member such as a water level sensor that requires electric power is not used for grasping the water level in the outer cylinder 30, water inflow from the ventilation pipe 15 and blocking of water even during a power failure are prevented. The closing action of the water device 80 can be recognized.

In addition, the inner cylindrical portion 50 has a shaft hole through which the shaft 40 penetrates, and a shaft receiver 56 for holding the shaft 40 at substantially the center of the lower surface. Thus, the inner cylindrical portion 50 can move up and down along the shaft 40 inside the outer cylindrical portion 30 . In addition, it is particularly preferable that the inner cylindrical portion 50 has a columnar shape. An inner cylinder vent hole 52 is provided at the center of the upper surface of the inner cylinder part 50 , and a communication hole 54 is provided at the lower surface of the inner cylinder part 50 so as to surround the shaft receiver 56 .

Further, the communication port 54 of the inner cylinder portion 50 and the internal vent port 34 of the outer cylinder portion 30 are connected by the expansion pipe 42 . As a result, the inner cylinder vent 52, the communication port 54, the internal vent 34, and the indoor vent pipe 16 communicate with each other. Further, since the telescopic tube 42 is waterproof as described above, even if water is stored in the outer cylindrical portion 30, the water does not enter the inner cylindrical portion 50 side. The expansion pipe 42 may be a bellows-shaped duct such as an aluminum flexible duct, a hose, or any other well-known tubular member capable of expanding and contracting. Stretch. In addition, it is preferable that the expandable tube 42 is provided inside the second expandable tube 42a to form a double structure to further improve waterproofness.

Further, the rectifying plate 60 provided above the inner cylindrical portion 50 is provided with a predetermined gap from the upper surface (ceiling surface) of the outer cylindrical portion 30 so as not to hinder the air flow, and the inner cylindrical portion 50 rises. It is designed so that the upper surface of the inner cylinder portion 50 abuts when the inner cylinder portion 50 is closed, and a sufficient gap is formed between the inner cylinder portion 50 and the inner cylinder portion 50 so as not to hinder the flow of air when the inner cylinder portion 50 is at the lower limit position. . Further, the rectifying plate 60 is provided with a side wall 60a extending downward so as to surround the upper side surface of the inner cylindrical portion 50. As shown in FIG. Therefore, the rectifying plate 60 and the side wall 60a form a downward concave cap shape covering the upper side surface of the inner cylindrical portion 50. As shown in FIG. A predetermined gap is provided between the side surface of the inner cylindrical portion 50 and the inner surface of the side wall 60a so as not to impede the flow of air. As for the length of the side wall 60a, even when the inner cylindrical portion 50 is at the lower limit position as shown in FIG.

A waterproof portion 62 is provided on the upper surface of the inner cylinder portion 50 so as to surround the inner cylinder vent 52 . The waterproof part 62 closes the inner cylinder vent 52 by being pressed against the lower surface of the straightening plate 60, and a known waterproof member such as packing can be used. The waterproof portion 62 includes a first waterproof portion 62a such as a rubber packing provided at the edge of the inner cylinder vent 52 and a second waterproof portion 62b provided so as to surround the first waterproof portion 62a. It is preferable to have a double structure with Furthermore, it is preferable that the second waterproof portion 62b is made of softer urethane, sponge, or the like than the first waterproof portion 62a, and that the second waterproof portion 62b comes into contact with the straightening plate 60 before the first waterproof portion 62a. With this configuration, even if water suddenly flows into the outer cylinder portion 30 and the inner cylinder portion 50 rises, the second waterproof portion 62b serves as a cushioning material to soften the impact, and the first waterproof portion 62a acts as a shock absorber. The cylinder vent 52 can be reliably closed.

Next, FIG. 3 shows a shelter 100 equipped with a water blocking device 80 according to the present invention. A shelter 100 equipped with a water blocking device 80 according to the present invention includes a shelter main body 102 having waterproof properties, a door portion 104 that is waterproof in a closed state and allows people to enter and exit, and a roof provided on the roof of the shelter main body 102. It has a vent pipe 15 for circulating air between the outside and the inside of the shelter body 102, and a water blocking device 80 according to the present invention. connect with the tube ends. The shelter 100 shown in FIG. 3 shows an example in which the door portions 104 are provided on the side surface and the top surface of the shelter body 102. However, in the underground type, only the door portion 104 on the top surface is sufficient, and in the ground installation type, the door portion 104 is sufficient. Only the side door portion 104 is sufficient. Further, in the ground installation type, a staircase may be provided for climbing to the roof of the shelter 100, and a door portion 104 may be provided on both the side surface and the top surface. With this configuration, even when the surroundings of the shelter 100 are flooded, people can enter and exit through the door portion 104 on the upper surface.

In addition, the shelter 100 is provided with two vent pipes 15, one of which serves as an intake pipe 15a that draws outside air into the shelter body 102, and the other serves as an exhaust pipe 15b that discharges the air inside the shelter body 102 to the outside. preferable. In this case, the water blocking device 80 according to the present invention is separately installed in each of the intake pipe 15a and the exhaust pipe 15b. An outside air supply pipe 16a serving as the indoor ventilation pipe 16 is connected to the internal vent 34 of the water blocking device 80 connected to the intake pipe 15a. The outside air supply machine 17a is connected. In addition, an indoor exhaust pipe 16b as the indoor vent pipe 16 is connected to the internal vent 34 of the water shielding device 80 connected to the exhaust pipe 15b, and an intake equipment 17b such as an intake fan is connected to the indoor exhaust pipe 16b. do. It is particularly preferable that the water blocking device 80 is provided on the ceiling portion of the shelter body 102 where the intake pipe 15a and the exhaust pipe 15b are installed. In this configuration, the water blocking device 80 does not press the floor area inside the shelter body 102, and the indoor space of the shelter 100 can be effectively used.

Next, the operation of the water blocking device 80 according to the present invention will be described using the shelter 100 as an example. First, the user enters the shelter main body 102 through the door portion 104, and the door portion 104 is made watertight by a predetermined operation. At this time, the water blocking device 80 is in an empty state in which no water is stored in the outer cylindrical portion 30, and the inner cylindrical portion 50 is at the lower limit position shown in FIG. 1 defined by the spacer 38 due to its own weight. In this state, the inner cylinder portion 50 and the current plate 60 are separated from each other, and the ventilation pipe 15 and the indoor ventilation pipe 16 are separated from each other by the external vent 32, the outer cylinder portion 30, and the inner cylinder vent of the waterproof device 80. 52 , the inner cylindrical portion 50 , the communication port 54 , the expansion tube 42 , and the internal ventilation port 34 , so that air can flow inside and outside the shelter 100 .

Then, for example, when the outside air supply device 17a is operated, the outside air is taken into the outer cylindrical portion 30 through the outside air vent 32 from the intake pipe 15a. Then, it enters the space between the inner cylinder portion 50 and the current plate 60 through the gap between the side wall 60 a and the side surface of the inner cylinder portion 50 , and is taken into the inner cylinder portion 50 through the inner cylinder vent 52 . The air taken into the inner cylindrical portion 50 is sent to the outside air supply pipe 16a through the communication port 54, the expandable tube 42, and the internal vent 34, and is supplied into the shelter main body 102 through the outside air supply device 17a.

Further, for example, when the intake equipment 17b is operated, the air in the shelter main body 102 is taken in from the indoor exhaust pipe 16b via the intake equipment 17b, and passes through the internal vent 34, the expansion pipe 42, the communication port 54, and the inner cylindrical portion 50. It is discharged from the cylinder vent 52 . Then, it is delivered into the outer cylinder portion 30 through the gap between the side surface of the inner cylinder portion 50 and the side wall 60a, and is discharged from above the straightening plate 60 to the external vent 32. As shown in FIG. Then, it is discharged to the outside through the exhaust pipe 15b.

Next, it is assumed that the shelter 100 is flooded and water enters from the vent pipe 15 (intake pipe 15a, exhaust pipe 15b). At this time, water flows into the outer cylinder portion 30 from the external vent 32 and is stored in the outer cylinder portion 30 . Also, at this time, part of the stored water flows into the water level confirmation pipe 70 , and the user can confirm the water level of the water stored in the outer cylinder portion 30 through the water level confirmation pipe 70 . In addition, when water flows into the outer cylindrical portion 30, it is preferable to automatically or manually stop the external air supply device 17a and the intake device 17b. Then, when the water level inside the outer tube portion 30 rises, the inner tube portion 50 floats due to the buoyancy of the water stored inside the outer tube portion 30 . Then, as shown in FIG. 2 , the waterproof portion 62 on the upper surface of the inner cylindrical portion 50 and the lower surface of the rectifying plate 60 come into contact with each other and are pressed against the lower surface of the rectifying plate 60 . As a result, the inner cylinder vent 52 is closed. At this time, the space A formed by the rectifying plate 60 and the side wall 60a serves as an air reservoir and prevents water from flowing into the waterproof portion 62 side. As a result, the water shut-off device 80 is in a closed state in which neither water nor air is allowed to pass, preventing water from flowing into the internal vent 34 and the indoor vent pipe 16, and preventing water from flowing into the shelter 100. When the water blocking device 80 is closed, the inside of the shelter body 102 is sealed. Therefore, it is preferable to prepare an oxygen cylinder 106 or the like in advance in the shelter 100 and use it appropriately to prevent oxygen deficiency.

Moreover, it is preferable to install a camera 108 on the roof of the shelter 100 or at a high place near the shelter 100 so that the surrounding conditions can be checked from inside the shelter 100 . Then, when it is confirmed that the water around the shelter 100 has receded, the user opens the on-off valve 36 a and drains the water in the outer cylindrical portion 30 from the drain pipe 36 . If the camera does not work for some reason, the drain pipe 36 is manually opened for a short period of time to check the change in the water level in the water level confirmation pipe 70 . Then, when the water level of the water level confirmation pipe 70 is lowered, the user discharges the water in the outer cylindrical portion 30 from the drain pipe 36 assuming that new water does not flow in from the vent pipe 15 . As a result, the water level in the outer cylinder portion 30 is lowered, the inner cylinder portion 50 is lowered, the waterproof portion 62 is separated from the straightening plate 60, and the inner cylinder vent hole 52 is opened. As a result, the water cutoff device 80 is opened, and the ventilation pipe 15 (intake pipe 15a, exhaust pipe 15b) and the indoor ventilation pipe 16 (outside air supply pipe 16a, indoor exhaust pipe 16b) are communicated to allow air to flow. becomes.

As described above, in the waterproof device 80 according to the present invention, the inner cylinder part 50 functions as an air flow path, a float function, and an on-off valve that opens and closes the flow path (inner cylinder vent 52). I have it. For this reason, the scale of the apparatus can be made compact and the size thereof can be reduced. In addition, since the movement of the inner cylindrical portion 50 is a simple up-and-down movement along the shaft 40, the space required for movement is small, which also contributes to the miniaturization of the apparatus. Furthermore, since the inner cylinder part 50 is accommodated in the outer cylinder part 30 and the inner cylinder part 50 functions as a float, even with a relatively small amount of water, the inner cylinder part 50 floats and the water cutoff device 80 is closed. be able to. As a result, the amount of water stored in the outer cylinder portion 30 can be reduced, and the weight in the closed state (when the water is stored in the outer cylinder portion 30) can be reduced. As a result, the water blocking device 80 can be installed in the upper part of the room such as the ceiling, and the indoor space can be effectively used without the water blocking device 80 occupying the floor area.

The water blocking device 80 and the shelter 100 shown in this example are examples, and the shapes of the outer cylinder part 30, the inner cylinder part 50, the expansion pipe 42, the current plate 60, the waterproof part 62, the shelter 100 and other parts, The configuration, mechanism, operation, etc. are not limited to the above examples, and the present invention can be modified and implemented without departing from the gist of the present invention.

15 Vent pipe
30 Outer cylinder
32 External vent
34 internal vents
40 shaft
42 telescopic tube
50 inner tube
52 Inner cylinder vent
54 communication port
60 current plate
60a side wall
62 Waterproof part
62a first waterproof part
62b second waterproof part
70 Water level confirmation pipe
80 water blocking device
100 shelter
102 shelter body
104 Door

Claims (6)

an outer cylinder portion having an external vent on the top surface and an internal vent on the bottom surface;
a shaft erected in the outer cylinder;
an inner cylinder portion that moves up and down along the shaft in the outer cylinder portion and has an inner cylinder vent on its upper surface and a communication port on its lower surface;
a rectifying plate positioned above the inner cylindrical portion and provided with a predetermined gap from the upper surface of the outer cylindrical portion;
a side wall that extends downward from the rectifying plate and surrounds an upper side surface of the inner cylindrical portion with a predetermined gap therebetween;
an expandable tube that is waterproof and expands and contracts with the vertical movement of the inner cylindrical portion to connect the communication port and the internal vent;
a waterproof part provided on the upper surface of the inner cylinder part so as to surround the inner cylinder vent,
When water accumulates in the outer cylinder, the inner cylinder floats upward, and the waterproof part abuts against the current plate to close the inner cylinder vent, thereby preventing water from flowing into the inner vent. A water shielding device characterized by: The waterproof part is composed of a first waterproof part provided at the edge of the inner cylinder vent and a second waterproof part provided so as to surround the first waterproof part. Item 1. The water blocking device according to item 1. 3. A water shielding device according to claim 1, wherein the expandable pipe is composed of two layers. 4. A water level confirmation pipe is provided which allows the inside to be visually observed, is connected to the upper portion and the lower portion of the outer cylinder portion, and allows the water level of the water stored in the outer cylinder portion to be visually confirmed. A water blocking device according to any one of the above. a waterproof shelter body;
A door part that is waterproof when closed and allows people to enter and exit,
a ventilation pipe provided on the roof of the shelter body for circulating air between the outside and the inside of the shelter body;
and a water blocking device according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
A shelter, wherein an external vent of the water blocking device is connected to the vent pipe. 6. The shelter according to claim 5, wherein the water blocking device is installed on the ceiling portion of the shelter body.

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