JP2022152934A - Working machine - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a working machine that can sufficiently treat stalks of crops before harvest at low cost.SOLUTION: A working machine 10 is attached to a tractor and towed, and treats stalks of crops before harvest of the crops. The working machine 10 comprises a pair of left and right pulling belts 15, and a flail mower 23. The pair of left and right pulling belts 15 pull out and convey the stalks. The flail mower 23 crushes the stalks pulled out and conveyed by the pulling belts 15.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 3

Description

The present invention mainly relates to a work machine for processing the stems of crops before harvesting the crops.

US Pat. Nos. 5,301,001 to 5,300,003 disclose machines for treating crop stems (eg tuber vines) prior to harvesting the crop.

The traveling type stem processing machine of Patent Document 1 tears off the stems by a clamping and conveying belt, conveys them, and discharges them to either the left or the right. The vine cutter of Patent Document 2 includes a vine raking device that rakes up vines in the soil and a flail mower that crushes the raked up vines. The sweet potato vine harvester of Patent Document 3 is a self-propelled work vehicle dedicated to processing sweet potato vines. This sweet potato harvester includes a pull-up conveyer and a chopping cutter. The lifting conveyer lifts and conveys the sweet potato vines. The shredding cutter shreds the sweet potato vines conveyed by the lifting conveyer.

JP-A-11-75456 Japanese Patent No. 3019300 Patent No. 2012-5450

When using the traveling stem processing machine of Patent Document 1, it is necessary to collect and cut the discharged stems. When the vine cutter of Patent Document 2 is used, the stems are crushed by the flail mower without being pulled up sufficiently, which may result in insufficient processing of the stems. The sweet potato vine harvester of Patent Literature 3 is a dedicated working vehicle for processing sweet potato vines, and therefore has low versatility and high cost.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and a main object of the present invention is to provide a working machine capable of sufficiently treating the stems of pre-harvest crops at a low cost.

Means and Effects for Solving Problems

The problems to be solved by the present invention are as described above. Next, the means for solving the problems and the effects thereof will be described.

According to the aspect of the present invention, a working machine having the following configuration is provided. That is, the work machine is attached to and towed by a tractor, and treats the stems of the crop before harvesting the crop. The working machine includes a pair of left and right pull-out belts and a processing section. The pair of left and right pull-out belts pulls out and conveys the stem. The processing section cuts or crushes the stalk that has been pulled out and conveyed by the pulling belt.

Accordingly, by constructing the vehicle as a working machine of a tractor, the cost can be reduced compared to a dedicated working vehicle. In addition, since the stalks of crops are pulled out and then cut or crushed, the stalks can be sufficiently treated.

The above working machine includes a guide section disposed between the pull-out belt and the processing section in the stem conveying direction for guiding the stem pulled out and conveyed by the pull-out belt to the processing section. is preferred.

Thereby, the stalk conveyed by the pull-out belt can be appropriately guided to the processing section.

The working machine described above preferably has the following configuration. That is, the working machine includes wheels and an adjusting mechanism. The wheels travel by being towed by the tractor. The adjustment mechanism adjusts the mounting height of the wheel.

Accordingly, by adjusting the mounting height of the wheel according to the height of the stem, etc., the stem can be properly treated.

The working machine described above preferably has the following configuration. That is, the working machine includes an input section, a first power transmission section, and a second power transmission section. The input portion is arranged at the center in the vehicle width direction and receives driving force from the tractor. A said 1st power transmission part transmits the driving force input into the said input part to the said pull-out belt. A said 2nd power transmission part transmits the driving force input into the said input part to the said process part.

As a result, since the power of the tractor can be used to drive the pull-out belt and the processing section, the work machine does not require a power source, and the cost of the work machine can be further reduced.

In the working machine, it is preferable that the first power transmission section and the second power transmission section are arranged so as to sandwich the input section in the left-right direction.

As a result, the power transmission section can be arranged separately on the left and right, so that the left and right balance of space, weight, etc. can be improved.

In the above working machine, it is preferable that the processing unit is a flail mower that crushes the stalks pulled out and conveyed by the pull-out belt.

As a result, the stems can be crushed, making it easy to use as a fertilizer.

In the working machine, it is preferable that the processing section is a cutter that cuts the stem that has been pulled out and conveyed by the pull-out belt.

As a result, the stem can be treated with a relatively simple configuration.

FIG. 4 is a schematic plan view showing how a working machine pulled by a tractor processes and discharges vines. A side view of a tractor and a working machine. The side view of the working machine of 1st Embodiment. The top view which shows the power transmission of the working machine of 1st Embodiment. The side view of the working machine of 2nd Embodiment. The top view which shows the power transmission of the working machine of 2nd Embodiment. The side view of the working machine of 3rd Embodiment. The top view which shows the power transmission of the working machine of 3rd Embodiment. The side view of the working machine of 4th Embodiment. The side view of the working machine of 5th Embodiment. The top view which shows the power transmission of the working machine of 5th Embodiment. The side view of the working machine of 6th Embodiment.

Embodiments of the present invention will now be described with reference to the drawings. First, an outline of the tractor 1 and the working machine 10 will be described with reference to FIG.

The working machine 10 is attached to the tractor 1 and towed by the tractor 1 . The work machine 10 operates by receiving driving force from the tractor 1 . The work machine 10 processes the stems of potatoes such as sweet potatoes before harvesting them. In this embodiment, the stem is a long and narrow part connected to leaves, flowers, fruits, or underground stems, and also includes tendrils. As shown in FIG. 1, tubers are grown along the ridges in the field. Therefore, the center position of the stem of tubers is also along the center of the ridge. In fact, the stems of tubers may spread over the entire field.

The work machine 10 pulls out the stems of tubers, cuts or crushes the pulled out stems, and discharges them to a field. By pulling out the stems, it is possible to sufficiently treat the stems including those in the soil. Moreover, since the stems that are cut or crushed and discharged can be used as fertilizer, there is no need for manual processing by the user. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the labor of the user's work.

Next, the tractor 1 will be described with reference to FIG.

A tractor 1 shown in FIG. 2 is an agricultural work machine (work vehicle), and various work machines 10 such as a rotary, loader, plow, harrow, box scraper, vine processor, and harvester are attached to a vehicle body 2 as necessary. Various types of work can be performed by the work machine 10 supported by the vehicle body 2 . In the following description, the terms "left side", "right side", and the like simply refer to the left side and the right side in the direction in which the tractor 1 moves forward.

As shown in FIG. 1 , the tractor 1 includes a vehicle body 2 , a pair of left and right front wheels 3 , and a pair of left and right rear wheels 4 . A bonnet 5 is arranged in the front part of the vehicle body 2 , and an engine 6 is arranged inside the hood 5 . An electric motor for running may be provided in addition to or instead of the engine 6 .

A transmission case 7 is arranged between a pair of left and right rear wheels 4 . The output of the engine is changed by a hydraulic-mechanical transmission arranged in the transmission case 7 and transmitted to the rear wheels 4 .

Above the mission case 7 and behind the bonnet 5, a cabin 8 for an operator to board is arranged. A driver's seat is provided inside the cabin 8, and in the vicinity of the driver's seat, various operating tools such as a steering handle for steering by an operator are provided.

A pair of left and right lower links 9a and one top link 9b are arranged at the rear portion of the transmission case 7 . Further, a PTO shaft 9c is arranged so as to protrude from the rear portion of the transmission case 7. As shown in FIG. The work machine 10 is connected to a lower link 9a and a top link 9b and driven by a PTO shaft 9c.

Next, the working machine 10 will be described with reference to FIGS. 3 and 4. FIG. Note that the dashed line shown in FIG. 3 indicates the height of the ridge.

As shown in FIG. 3, the working machine 10 has wheels 11 arranged in the front and rear. Since the wheels 11 are arranged in pairs on the left and right sides, the working machine 10 has a total of four wheels 11 . The wheels 11 are not driving wheels, but driven wheels for traveling while being towed by the tractor 1 .

Each wheel 11 is provided with an adjustment mechanism 12 . The adjusting mechanism 12 is formed with a plurality of mounting holes through which the wheels 11 can be mounted. By changing the mounting hole for mounting the wheel 11, the mounting height of the wheel 11 can be changed. By changing the mounting height of the wheels 11, it is possible to change the height of the work machine main body (the portion of the work machine 10 other than the wheels 11) relative to the ground and ridges. As a result, by changing the mounting height of the wheel 11 according to the height of the stem, etc., the stem can be treated appropriately.

The wheels 11 on the front side are attached to a pair of left and right side plates 13 . Side plates 13 support dividers 14 and pull-out belts 15 . The dividers 14 are arranged in a pair on the left and right so as to sandwich the ridge, and are plate-like members inclined forward and downward. The height of the front end of the divider 14 is lower than the upper end of the ridge and is near the field where no ridge is formed. The divider 14 scrapes out the stalks present in the portion where the ridge is not formed.

As shown in FIG. 4, the pull-out belts 15 are arranged as a left and right pair. The rotational driving force transmitted through the PTO shaft 9c of the tractor 1 is transmitted to the input portion 20 of the work implement 10. As shown in FIG. The input unit 20 has a mechanism for switching the direction of the rotational driving force. The driving force transmitted to the input portion 20 is transmitted to the first power transmission portion 21 arranged on the right side of the pull-out belt 15 and the second power transmission portion 22 arranged on the left side of the pull-out belt 15 .

The first power transmission section 21 has a belt, a drive pulley, and a driven pulley. The driving pulley and driven pulley are connected via a belt. The driving pulley rotates due to the rotational driving force transmitted through the input section 20 . This rotational driving force is transmitted to the driven pulley via the belt. The rotational driving force transmitted to the driven pulley is transmitted to the transmission 16 located on the center side in the vehicle width direction by a mechanism for transmitting rotational driving force. Thus, the first power transmission portion 21 transmits the rotational driving force input to the input portion 20 to the transmission 16 via one side in the vehicle width direction.

The first power transmission portion 21 transmits the rotational driving force to the transmission 16 as described above. The transmission 16 drives the drawing belt 15 by changing the speed of the input rotational driving force.

The pull-out belt 15 is composed of a belt provided with a plurality of conveying pieces 15a. When the transmission 16 drives the pull-out belt 15, the conveying piece 15a moves rearward as shown in FIG. The tuber stalks scraped out by the divider 14 are pulled backward by being sandwiched between the conveying pieces 15a of the pull-out belts 15 arranged on the left and right sides, and are pulled out and conveyed rearward (more specifically, rearward and upward). be.

A guide portion 17 is arranged near the downstream end of the pull-out belt 15 in the conveying direction. The guide portion 17 is a plate-like member that is inclined downward. The stems of tubers transported by the pull-out belt 15 are guided to the flail mower (processing unit) 23 by the guide unit 17 .

The flail mower 23 is provided with a plurality of blades. These blades rotate when the rotational driving force transmitted through the PTO shaft 9c of the tractor 1 is transmitted to the flail mower 23 . The rotation direction of the blade of the flail mower 23 is uppercut (clockwise in FIG. 3). As a result, the roots of tubers guided by the guide portion 17 can be crushed. The crushed stems are directly discharged downward.

The second power transmission section 22, like the first power transmission section 21, includes a belt, a drive pulley, and a driven pulley. The driving pulley and driven pulley are connected via a belt. The driving pulley rotates due to the rotational driving force transmitted through the input section 20 . This rotational driving force is transmitted to the driven pulley via the belt. The rotational driving force transmitted to the driven pulley is transmitted to the flail mower 23 located on the center side in the vehicle width direction by a mechanism for transmitting rotational driving force. In this manner, the second power transmission portion 22 transmits the rotational driving force input to the input portion 20 to the flail mower 23 via the other side in the vehicle width direction (opposite side in the left-right direction of the first power transmission portion 21). introduce. In this way, by transmitting the rotational driving force separately to the left and right, the power transmission mechanism can be arranged in a well-balanced manner on the left and right.

Also, the rear wheel 11 is attached to a support arm 26 . The support arm 26 supports a mower cover 25 that covers the upper side of the flail mower 23 . The mower cover 25 is further attached to the upper frame 24 . The upper frame 24 includes a double-cylinder portion, and can be expanded and contracted to adjust the position of each portion.

Thus, the work machine 10 scrapes out the stems on the left and right sides of the ridge with the divider 14, pulls them out with the pull-out belt 15, conveys them, crushes the stems with the flail mowers 23, and then discharges them.

Next, a second embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 5 and 6. FIG. In the following description, the same or similar members as those in the above-described embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals in the drawings, and their description may be omitted.

As shown in FIG. 5, in the second embodiment, instead of the flail mower 23, a first cutter (processing unit) 33 is used to cut stems. Specifically, the working machine 10 of the second embodiment includes a pedestal 31 attached to the side plate 13 or the like, and the first cutter 33 is arranged on the pedestal 31 . The wheels 11 on the rear side are attached to the pedestal 31 .

Further, in the second embodiment, a conveyor 32 is provided in place of the guide section 17 . The conveyor 32 is arranged near the downstream end of the pull-out belt 15 and conveys the stems and the like to the first cutter 33 . The first cutter 33 has a structure in which a movable cutter is built in a housing. The rotational driving force transmitted through the PTO shaft 9c of the tractor 1 is transmitted to the first cutter 33, which operates to cut (shred) the stems. The cut stem is discharged rearward from the discharge part 34 .

As shown in FIG. 6 , the rotational driving force transmitted through the PTO shaft 9 c of the tractor 1 is transmitted to the input portion 20 of the work implement 10 . The input unit 20 has a mechanism for switching the direction of the rotational driving force. The driving force transmitted to the input portion 20 is transmitted to the power transmission portion 35 arranged on the right side of the pull-out belt 15 .

The power transmission section 35 includes two sets of belts, a driving pulley and a driven pulley. The driving pulley and driven pulley are connected via a belt. The rotational driving force transmitted to the power transmission portion 35 is transmitted to the transmission 16 by the first set of belts, drive pulley, and driven pulley, as in the first embodiment. Also, the second set of drive pulleys is connected to the first set of driven pulleys. The rotational driving force transmitted to the second set of driven pulleys is transmitted to the first cutter 33 via a mechanism for transmitting rotational driving force.

Thus, in the second embodiment, power is transmitted to the pull-out belt 15 and the first cutter 33 using only one side in the vehicle width direction. When the first cutter 33 is used, the rotational driving force may be transmitted to the pull-out belt 15 and the first cutter 33 using both sides in the vehicle width direction as in the first embodiment.

Further, in the second embodiment, a pair of left and right cutting blades 36 are provided. The cutting blades 36 are arranged as a left and right pair so as to sandwich the ridge. The height of the cutting blade 36 is lower than the upper end of the ridge and is in the vicinity of the field where no ridge is formed. The cutting blade 36 cuts the stalk present in the portion where no ridge is formed.

Next, a third embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 7 and 8. FIG.

In the working machine 10 of the third embodiment, a second cutter (processing section) 37 is provided instead of the first cutter 33 . The second cutter 37 is of a blow-up type and has a discharge port provided in the upper part of the housing, through which stems cut in the housing can be blown off. As shown in FIG. 8, the second cutter 37 blows off the cut stem obliquely rearward to the right.

The third embodiment also differs from the second embodiment in the transmission of rotational driving force. As shown in FIG. 8 , the working machine 10 of the third embodiment includes a first power transmission section 38 and a second power transmission section 39 . The first power transmission portion 38 and the second power transmission portion 39 are arranged so as to sandwich the input portion 20 and the pull-out belt 15 in the left-right direction.

The first power transmission section 38, like the first power transmission section 21, includes a belt, a driving pulley, and a driven pulley. The rotational driving force transmitted to the first power transmission portion 38 via the input portion 20 is transmitted to the transmission 16 in the same manner as the first power transmission portion 21 . Furthermore, the rotational driving force transmitted to the first power transmission portion 38 is transmitted to the second power transmission portion 39 . Specifically, the driven pulley of the first power transmission section 38 and the driving pulley of the second power transmission section 39 are connected so as to rotate integrally. The rotational driving force transmitted to the second power transmission portion 39 is transmitted to the second cutter 37 arranged on the center side in the vehicle width direction via the belt and the driven pulley. As described above, in the third embodiment, the rotational driving force is divided into left and right and transmitted to the pull-out belt 15 and the second cutter 37, respectively.

Next, a fourth embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.

Since the working machine 10 of the fourth embodiment has a short length in the vehicle length direction, only one wheel 11 is provided in the front-rear direction. 4th Embodiment is the structure which suspended the 3rd cutter (processing part) 42 via the attachment member 41 to the upper frame 24 which is shorter compared with 1st Embodiment. The third cutter 42 has a plurality of blades that rotate about the horizontal direction. The top and bottom of the third cutter 42 are open, and the stems introduced from above are cut by the blades of the third cutter 42 and then discharged downward. The driving method of the third cutter 42 is not particularly limited, but since the direction and position of the rotating shaft are similar to those of a power tiller, for example, a known driving method for driving a power tiller can be adopted.

Further, in the fourth embodiment, the guide portion 17 is omitted. Since the size of the third cutter 42 in the height direction is small, by arranging the downstream end of the pull-out belt 15 above the third cutter 42, stems dropped from the pull-out belt 15 are directly thrown into the third cutter 42. can. In addition, you may provide the guide part 17 in 4th Embodiment.

Next, a fifth embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 10 and 11. FIG.

The working machine 10 of the fifth embodiment does not have the guide part 17 and has a stem cutting blade 51, as compared with the working machine 10 of the first embodiment.

The drawing belt 15 of the fifth embodiment is longer than the drawing belt 15 of the first embodiment. Specifically, the downstream end of the pull-out belt 15 of the fifth embodiment is above the flail mower 23 . Therefore, the stems conveyed by the pull-out belt 15 are supplied to the flail mower 23 by dropping from the pull-out belt 15 . As in the first embodiment, the direction of rotation of the blades of the flail mower 23 is uppercut (clockwise in FIG. 10).

The stem cutting blade 51 is arranged inside the divider 14 in the vehicle width direction. The stem cutting blade 51 is rotated by a rotational driving force transmitted through the PTO shaft 9c of the tractor 1. As shown in FIG. The stem cutting blades 51 are arranged in pairs. The stalk cutting blades 51 rotate in different directions, and cut the stalk in such a manner as to sandwich the stalk existing outside the ridge.

As shown in FIG. 11 , a set of stem cutting blades 51 arranged on the right side is supplied with rotational driving force via the belt and pulley of the first power transmission section 21 . A set of stalk cutting blades 51 arranged on the left side is transmitted with a rotational driving force via the belt and pulley of the second power transmission section 22 .

Next, with reference to FIG. 12, a sixth embodiment will be described.

The working machine 10 of the sixth embodiment differs from the fifth embodiment in that a guide roller 52 is provided. The guide roller 52 is rotatably attached to the mower cover 25 . In other words, the guide roller 52 is arranged near the downstream end of the drawing belt 15 in the conveying direction, or between the drawing belt 15 and the flail mower 23 in the conveying direction. As in the first embodiment, the direction of rotation of the blades of the flail mower 23 is uppercut (clockwise in FIG. 12). Further, no rotational driving force is supplied to the mower cover 25 . Furthermore, as described above, the guide roller 52 is not supplied with a rotational driving force and can rotate freely. Therefore, the guide rollers 52 do not create much resistance to the transport of the stems. Further, as the conveyed stalk is drawn into the flail mower 23, the guide roller 52 often rotates counterclockwise in FIG.

The stems conveyed by the pull-out belt 15 are restricted from floating upward by the guide rollers 52 . Therefore, even when a large amount of stalks are supplied via the pull-out belt 15, the stalks can be appropriately guided to the flail mowers 23.例文帳に追加

As described above, the working machine 10 of the above-described embodiment is attached to the tractor 1 and towed to treat the stems of crops before harvesting the crops. The work machine 10 includes a pair of left and right pull-out belts 15 and a processing section (the flail mower 23, the first cutter 33, the second cutter 37, or the third cutter 42, the same applies hereinafter). A pair of left and right pull-out belts 15 pulls out and conveys the stem. The processing section cuts or crushes the stalk that has been pulled out and conveyed by the pulling belt 15 .

Accordingly, by constructing the work machine 10 of the tractor 1, the cost can be reduced compared to a dedicated work vehicle. In addition, since the stalks of crops are pulled out and then cut or crushed, the stalks can be sufficiently treated.

The working machine 10 of the above-described embodiment is arranged between the pulling belt 15 and the processing section in the stem conveying direction, and includes a guide section 17 that guides the stem pulled and conveyed by the pulling belt 15 to the processing section. Prepare.

Thereby, the stem conveyed by the pull-out belt 15 can be appropriately guided to the processing section.

The working machine 10 of the above embodiment includes wheels 11 and an adjusting mechanism 12 . The wheels 11 are towed by the tractor 1 to travel. The adjustment mechanism 12 adjusts the mounting height of the wheels 11 .

Accordingly, by adjusting the mounting height of the wheel 11 according to the height of the stem, etc., the stem can be properly treated.

The working machine 10 of the above-described embodiment includes an input portion 20, first power transmission portions 21 and 38, and second power transmission portions 22 and 39. The input unit 20 is arranged at the center in the vehicle width direction, and receives the driving force from the tractor 1 . The first power transmission portions 21 and 38 transmit the driving force input to the input portion 20 to the pull-out belt 15 . The second power transmission units 22 and 39 transmit the driving force input to the input unit 20 to the processing unit.

As a result, since the power of the tractor 1 can be used to drive the pull-out belt 15 and the processing unit, the work machine 10 does not require a power source, so that the cost of the work machine can be further reduced.

In the work machine 10 of the above-described embodiment, the first power transmission portions 21 and 38 and the second power transmission portions 22 and 39 are arranged separately so as to sandwich the input portion 20 in the left-right direction.

As a result, the power transmission section can be arranged separately on the left and right, so that the left and right balance of space, weight, etc. can be improved.

In the work machine 10 of the above-described embodiment, the processing unit is the flail mower 23 that crushes the stalks pulled out and conveyed by the pull-out belt 15 .

As a result, the stems can be crushed, making it easy to use as a fertilizer.

In the work machine 10 of the above-described embodiment, the processing section is the first cutter 33, the second cutter 37, or the third cutter 42 that cuts the stalk that has been pulled out and conveyed by the pull-out belt 15. FIG.

As a result, the stem can be treated with a relatively simple configuration.

Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the above configuration can be modified, for example, as follows.

The features described in the above embodiments can be combined as appropriate. For example, the stem cutting blade 51 of the fifth embodiment can be applied to the second to fourth embodiments. The same is true for other features.

The power transmission unit described above is an example, and a different mechanism may be used to transmit the rotational driving force of the PTO shaft 9c of the tractor 1 to the pull-out belt 15, the flail mower 23, and the like.

Reference Signs List 1 tractor 10 work machine 11 wheel 12 adjustment mechanism 14 divider 15 pull-out belt 16 transmission 17 guide section 20 input section 21 first power transmission section 22 second power transmission section 23 flail mower (processing section)
33 first cutter (processing unit)
37 second cutter (processing unit)
42 third cutter (processing unit)
51 stem cutting blade 52 guide roller

Claims (7)

In a work machine attached to and towed by a tractor for processing the stems of the crop before harvesting the crop,
a pair of left and right pull-out belts for pulling out and conveying stems;
a processing unit that cuts or crushes the stem that has been pulled out and conveyed by the pulling belt;
A work machine comprising: The working machine according to claim 1,
A working machine, comprising: a guide portion disposed between the pulling belt and the processing portion in a stem conveying direction, the guide portion guiding the stem pulled and conveyed by the pulling belt to the processing portion. . The working machine according to claim 1 or 2,
wheels for traveling while being towed by the tractor;
an adjustment mechanism for adjusting the mounting height of the wheel;
A work machine comprising: The working machine according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
an input unit arranged in the center in the vehicle width direction and receiving driving force from the tractor;
a first power transmission unit that transmits the driving force input to the input unit to the pull-out belt;
a second power transmission unit that transmits the driving force input to the input unit to the processing unit;
A work machine comprising: The working machine according to claim 4,
The working machine, wherein the first power transmission section and the second power transmission section are separately arranged so as to sandwich the input section in a left-right direction. The working machine according to any one of claims 1 to 5,
The working machine, wherein the processing unit is a flail mower that crushes the stalks pulled out and conveyed by the pull-out belt. The working machine according to any one of claims 1 to 5,
The working machine, wherein the processing unit is a cutter that cuts the stem that has been pulled out and conveyed by the pull-out belt.

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