JP2022149156A - Treatment apparatus and treatment method - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a treatment apparatus in which technology to treat liquid or gas is improved.SOLUTION: The treatment apparatus 1 includes a first electrode 2, a second electrode 3, and a pulse supply unit 5 that applies a pulse voltage between the first electrode 2 and the second electrode 3. Ethanol or a mixture of water and ethanol is present on the surface of the first electrode 2 and gas 7 separates the ethanol or the mixture of water and ethanol from the second electrode 3. The pulse supply unit 5 can continuously supply positive and negative pulses. The treatment apparatus 1 includes a spraying unit 10 that sprays ethanol or a mixture of water and ethanol onto the surface of the first electrode 2. The treatment apparatus 1 generates hydrogen from ethanol or a mixture of water and ethanol.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

The present disclosure relates to processing apparatus and methods for processing liquids or gases.

As a method of modifying the substance contained in the space, a method of generating low-temperature plasma in the electrode space is used (see, for example, Patent Document 1). In order to improve the processing speed, a method of introducing a liquid into plasma to generate hydrogen or the like has also been tried (see, for example, Patent Documents 2 and 3).

JP 2013-165062 A JP-A-2006-257480 JP 2019-210491 A

The present inventors have recognized that it is a problem to further improve the efficiency of modifying substances, and have arrived at the technique of the present disclosure.

The present disclosure has been made in view of such problems, and its purpose is to improve liquid or gas processing technology.

In order to solve the above problems, a processing apparatus according to one aspect of the present disclosure includes a first electrode, a second electrode, and a pulse supply unit that applies a pulse voltage between the first electrode and the second electrode. . A liquid is present on the surface of the first electrode and a gas separates the liquid from the second electrode.

Another aspect of the present disclosure is a processing method. The method comprises the steps of: presenting a liquid on the surface of a first electrode; applying a positive pulse voltage between the first electrode and the second electrode to activate a substance contained in the liquid; applying a negative pulse voltage between the electrode and the second electrode to return the activated material in the liquid to the surface of the first electrode.

According to the present disclosure, liquid or gas processing techniques can be improved.

It is a figure which shows roughly the structure of the processing apparatus which concerns on embodiment. FIG. 4 illustrates what happens when applying a steep high voltage positive pulse to the anode followed by a steep negative pulse; It is an enlarged view near an anode. FIG. 4 is a diagram showing potentials near the anode; It is a figure for demonstrating the method of processing a liquid by a processing apparatus. FIGS. 6A and 6B are diagrams schematically showing configurations of a first (wet) electrode and a second (dry) electrode. 7A and 7B are diagrams schematically showing the configuration of the processing apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present disclosure; FIG. 4 is a diagram showing voltage supplied by a pulse supply unit, current flowing through the processing unit, and power in the processing apparatus according to the first embodiment; FIG. FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the result of treating a mixture of pure water and air by the treatment apparatus according to Example 1; FIG. 5 is a diagram schematically showing the configuration of a processing apparatus according to Example 2 of the present disclosure; FIG. 10 is a diagram showing results of processing pure water, ethanol, and 95% ethanol by the processing apparatus according to Example 2; FIG. 10 is a diagram showing plasma when pure water is processed by the processing apparatus according to Example 2; 13(a) and 13(b) are diagrams schematically showing the configuration of an internal combustion engine provided with the processing device according to the embodiment. 1 is a diagram schematically showing the configuration of an internal combustion engine provided with a processing device according to an embodiment; FIG.

FIG. 1 schematically shows the configuration of a processing apparatus according to an embodiment. The processing device 1 comprises a processing portion 4 comprising a first (wet) electrode 2 and a second (dry) electrode 3, and a voltage pulse between the first (wet) electrode 2 and the second (dry) electrode 3. and a pulse supply unit 5 for applying A liquid 6 to be modified is present on the surface of the first (wet) electrode 2 . A gas 7 separates the liquid 6 from the second (dry) electrode 3 . In the example of this figure, the second (dry) electrode 3 is grounded, and voltage pulses are applied to the first (wet) electrode 2 from the pulse supply unit 5 in forward and reverse directions. The second (dry) electrode 3 may be connected to the pulse supply section 5 . In this case, a positive pulse may be applied to the second (dry) electrode 3 to achieve the same potential state as a negative pulse to the first (wet) electrode 2 . Furthermore, the second (dry) electrode 3 may be composed of a wet electrode similar to the first (wet) electrode 2 and may be separated from the first (wet) electrode 2 by a gas 7 . Additionally, the voltage pulse may be a current pulse or a power pulse.

When a voltage pulse is applied from the pulse supply unit 5 to generate a high electric field between the first (wet) electrode 2 and the second (dry) electrode 3, the liquid molecules present on the surface of the first (wet) electrode 2 are It is activated by impact ionization and electric field effect, and active species such as ions, radicals, excited molecules and excited atoms are generated. Next, a discharge occurs between the first (wet) electrode 2 and the second (dry) electrode 3, and plasma is generated from gas molecules originating from the active species. The molecular density of liquid is at the level of 10 ²² /cm ³ , which is three orders of magnitude higher than the molecular density of gas at atmospheric pressure, 10 ¹⁹ /cm ³ . First, a large amount of active species are generated by reforming the liquid 6 in the vicinity of the first (wet) electrode 2, and a uniform plasma is generated based on them, resulting in higher efficiency than the case of reforming only the gas. can reform the mixture of gas 7 and liquid 6 at .

2 to 4 are diagrams for explaining a method of processing liquid by the processing apparatus 1. FIG. FIG. 2 illustrates what happens when applying a sharp high voltage positive pulse to the first (wet) electrode 2 followed by a sharp negative pulse. FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of the vicinity of the first (wet) electrode 2. FIG. FIG. 4 shows the potential near the first (wet) electrode 2 . The liquid 6 on the surface of the first (wet) electrode 2 is water and the gas 7 between the liquid 6 and the second (dry) electrode 3 is air.

First, when a steep positive voltage pulse is applied to the first (wet) electrode 2, water on the first (wet) electrode 2 side is radicalized and ionized by impact ionization, and OH radicals (OH.) are generated. At the same time, hydrogen ions H ^{2 +} are generated outside and oxygen ions O ²⁻ are generated inside near the electrode interface to form an electric double layer. Immediately after that, when a negative pulse is applied to the first (wet) electrode 2, a large amount of hydrogen ions H ^{2 +} generated outside in the vicinity of the electrode interface migrate to the surface of the first (wet) electrode 2, ) receives electrons from the electrode ₂ and generates hydrogen molecules H2. The amount of hydrogen molecules H ₂ generated is proportional to the surface area of the first (wet) electrode 2 . On the second (dry) electrode 3 side, electrons injected from the second (dry) electrode 3 collide with oxygen molecules O ₂ in the air to generate oxygen atoms O, and oxygen atoms O and excited oxygen molecules O ₂ combine to generate ozone _O3 . Further, the oxygen atoms O bond to each other to generate an oxygen molecule _O2 .

In the conventional electrolysis method using an electrolytic solution, the hydrogen ions H ⁺ generated by the oxidation reaction on the anode side move to the cathode side in the electrolytic solution, receive electrons at the cathode, and become hydrogen molecules H ₂ . In contrast, in the processing apparatus 1 of the present disclosure, the hydrogen ions H ⁺ generated on the side of the first (wet) electrode 2 by the positive pulse applied to the first (wet) electrode 2 immediately after Due to the negative pulse applied to the electrode 2, it moves to the first (wet) electrode 2, receives electrons at the first (wet) electrode ₂ , and becomes hydrogen molecules H2. Such a method, which is completely different in technical concept from the conventional one, can significantly shorten the movement path of hydrogen ions H ⁺ , so that the forward reaction in which hydrogen molecules H ₂ are generated from hydrogen ions H ⁺ can be promoted. can be formed, and the probability of a reverse reaction in which the generated hydrogen molecules H ₂ and OH recombine to return to water H ₂ O can be reduced. Therefore, the hydrogen generation efficiency can be dramatically improved. In addition, by realizing the above cycle by applying a voltage pulse, the cycle of generating hydrogen ions H ⁺ from water and generating hydrogen molecules H ₂ from hydrogen ions H ⁺ can be quickly repeated, so that the cycle can be performed in a short period of time. can efficiently generate a large amount of hydrogen _H2 . The same applies to ozone O3 and oxygen _O2 generated on the second (dry) electrode ₃ side. Moreover, the liquid to be reformed does not have to be an electrolytic solution, and it is also characterized by being able to reform a high-resistance liquid such as pure water.

In the processing apparatus 1 of the present disclosure, it is not necessary to move the hydrogen ions generated on the first (wet) electrode 2 side to the second (dry) electrode 3 side. ) It is not necessary to fill between the electrodes 3 with the electrolyte. Rather, it is necessary to generate a high electric field between the first (wet) electrode 2 and the second (dry) electrode 3 that is capable of impact ionizing water molecules. 2 (dry) electrode 3 needs to have a high resistance. Therefore, as the liquid 6 to be reformed, a high-resistance liquid such as pure water, pure ethanol, or a mixture of ethanol and water can be used instead of the electrolytic solution. Moreover, since the first (wet) electrode 2 and the second (dry) electrode 3 are separated by the gas 7 such as air, Homogeneous plasma can be stably generated. As a result, the mixture of the liquid 6 and the gas 7 can be efficiently reformed, and gases such as hydrogen, oxygen, and ozone can be efficiently generated.

FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining a method of processing liquid by the processing apparatus 1. FIG. 2 shows the case where the surface area of the first (wet) electrode 2 is larger than the surface area of the second (dry) electrode 3, while FIG. 3 shows a case where a positive pulse is applied after a negative pulse is applied to the second (dry) electrode 3 when the surface area of the dry) electrode 3 is larger. When a steep positive voltage pulse is applied to the first (wet) electrode 2, injected electrons from the first (wet) electrode ₂ collide with oxygen molecules O2 in the air to generate oxygen atoms O. O combines with excited oxygen molecules _O2 to generate ozone _O3 . The amount of ozone O ₃ generated is proportional to the surface area of the second (dry) electrode 3 .

The voltage supplied by the pulse supply unit 5 may be between 1 and 50 kV. The voltage supplied by the pulse supply unit 5 may be, for example, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13 kV or higher. The voltage supplied by the pulse supply unit 5 may be, for example, 50, 45, 40, 35, 30, 25, 20, 15 kV or less.

The distance between the first (wet) electrode 2 and the second (dry) electrode 3 may be between 1 and 50 mm. The distance between the electrodes is, for example, 1, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 1.5, 1.6, 1.7, 1.8, 1.9, 2 mm or more. may The distance between electrodes may be, for example, 50, 45, 40, 35, 30, 25, 20, 15, 10, 5, 4, 3, 2 mm or less.

The electric field between the first (wet) electrode 2 and the second (dry) electrode 3 may be between 10 ⁴ and 10 ⁵ V/cm. The electric field between the first ⁽ wet) electrode ² and the ^{second (} dry) electrode ³ is e.g. cm or more. The electric field between the first ⁽ wet) electrode ² and the ^{second (} dry) electrode ³ is e.g. It may be x10 ⁴ or less.

The half width of the pulse supplied by the pulse supplying section 5 may be 100 to 1000 ns. The half width of the pulse supplied by the pulse supply unit 5 may be, for example, 100, 200, 300, 400, 500 ns or more. The half width of the pulse supplied by the pulse supply unit 5 may be, for example, 1000, 900, 800, 700, 600, 500 ns or less.

The rising speed (dV/dt) of the pulse supplied by the pulse supply unit 5 may be 5×10 ¹⁰ to 5×10 ¹¹ V/s. Even if the rising speed of the pulse supplied by the pulse supply unit 5 is, for example, 5×10 ¹⁰ , 6×10 ¹⁰ , 7×10 ¹⁰ , 8×10 ¹⁰ , 9×10 ¹⁰ , 1×10 ¹¹ or more. good. The rising speed of the pulse supplied by the pulse supply unit 5 may be, for example, 5×10 ¹¹ , 4×10 ¹¹ , 3×10 ¹¹ , 2×10 ¹¹ , 1×10 ¹¹ or less.

The falling speed (-dV/dt) of the pulse supplied by the pulse supply unit 5 may be 5×10 ¹⁰ to 5×10 ¹¹ V/s. The falling speed of the pulse supplied by the pulse supply unit 5 is, for example, 5×10 ¹⁰ , 6×10 ¹⁰ , 7×10 ¹⁰ , 8×10 ¹⁰ , 9×10 ¹⁰ , 1×10 ¹¹ or more. good too. The falling speed of the pulse supplied by the pulse supply unit 5 may be, for example, 5×10 ¹¹ , 4×10 ¹¹ , 3×10 ¹¹ , 2×10 ¹¹ , 1×10 ¹¹ or less.

The frequency (frequency) of pulses supplied by the pulse supply unit 5 may be 1 to 100 kpps. The frequency of pulses supplied by the pulse supply unit 5 may be, for example, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 kpps or more. The frequency of pulses supplied by the pulse supply unit 5 may be, for example, 100, 90, 80, 70, 60, 50, 40, 30, 20, 10, 5 kpps or less.

6(a) and 6(b) schematically show the configuration of the first (wet) electrode 2 and the second (dry) electrode 3. FIG. In the example shown in FIG. 6( a ), the liquid is sprayed from the spray unit 10 onto the surface of the first (wet) electrode 2 in order to make the liquid 6 to be modified exist on the surface of the first (wet) electrode 2 . . In this case, the surface of the second (dry) electrode 3 may be sprayed with the liquid, or the second (dry) electrode 3 may not be sprayed with the liquid. In the example of FIG. 6A, the liquid is sprayed on the surface of the second (dry) electrode 3 as well, and the liquid 6 to be modified exists on the surface of the second (dry) electrode 3 as well. In the example shown in FIG. 6B, the outside of the first (wet) electrode 2 is composed of a porous body 11, and the liquid is injected from the injection part 12 into the inside of the porous body 11, so that the porous body 11 is A liquid 6 is exuded on the surface. In this case, no liquid may be present on the surface of the second (dry) electrode 3 .

[Example 1]
FIGS. 7A and 7B schematically show the configuration of the processing apparatus 1 according to Example 1 of the present disclosure. FIG. 7(a) shows the configuration of a pair of electrodes, and FIG. 7(b) shows the configuration of a processing apparatus 1 in which a plurality of electrodes are integrated. The electrode with the larger surface area (large electrode) comprises a 1 mm diameter stainless steel wire and a 3 mm diameter, 1 mm thick hollow porous ceramic (SiC) rod, with a break between the porous ceramic and the stainless steel wire. It is configured to be able to supply the liquid of interest. The electrode with the smaller surface area (small electrode) consists of a stainless steel rod with a diameter of 1 mm and a hollow ceramic (Al ₂ O ₃ ) rod with a diameter of 2 mm and a thickness of 0.5 mm. The small electrodes are not supplied with the liquid to be reformed. The distance between the surface of the stainless steel wire of the large electrode and the surface of the stainless steel rod of the small electrode is 5.75 mm. The distance between the surface of the porous ceramic rod of the large electrode and the surface of the ceramic rod of the small electrode is 4.25 mm.

FIG. 8 shows the voltage V(1) supplied by the pulse supply unit 5, the current I(2) flowing through the processing unit 4, and the power P(3) in the processing device 1 according to the first embodiment. Thus, a positive pulse voltage is supplied during period t1 and a negative pulse voltage is supplied during period t2. The input power to the pulse supply unit 5 is 19 W, and the pulse frequency is 1 kpps.

FIG. 9 shows the result of treating a mixture of pure water and air by the treatment apparatus 1 according to Example 1. FIG. FIG. 11(a) shows Example 1 of the present invention. In FIG. 11(a), the electrode on the left side is a wet electrode (pure water supply), and the electrode on the right side is a dry electrode. _When the right electrode was grounded and a positive→negative pulse was applied to the left electrode _, a large amount of ozone O3 and hydrogen H2 was generated. In FIG. 11(b), the left electrode is the wet electrode (pure feed) and the right electrode is the dry electrode. When the left electrode was grounded and a positive→negative pulse was applied to the right electrode _, a large amount of ozone _O3 was generated and no hydrogen H2 was generated. Thus, hydrogen H ₂ is not generated when there is no pure water on the electrode to which the positive→negative pulse is applied. In FIG. 11(c), the electrode on the left side is a dry electrode, and the electrode on the right side is also a dry electrode. When the right electrode was grounded and a positive→negative pulse was applied to the left electrode _, a small amount of ozone O3 and no hydrogen _H2 was generated. Thus, hydrogen H ₂ is not generated when there is no pure water on the electrode to which the positive→negative pulse is applied. In FIG. 11(d), the left electrode is a dry electrode, and the right electrode is also a dry electrode. When the left electrode was grounded and a positive→negative pulse was applied to the right electrode _, a large amount of ozone _O3 was generated and no hydrogen H2 was generated. Thus, hydrogen H ₂ is not generated when there is no pure water on the electrode to which the positive→negative pulse is applied. As described above, it is clear that hydrogen H2 is generated _only when there is pure water at the electrode to which the positive→negative pulse is applied.

[Example 2]
FIG. 10 schematically shows the configuration of a processing apparatus 1 according to Example 2 of the present disclosure. The processing apparatus 1 according to the second embodiment includes a second (dry) electrode 3 composed of planar mesh nickel and a first (wet) electrode composed of planar mesh nickel and a liquid-fillable honeycomb ceramic. 2.

FIG. 11 shows the results of processing pure water, ethanol, and 95% ethanol by the processing apparatus 1 according to Example 2. FIG. When pure water was treated, it was possible to generate as much hydrogen as the theoretical value. Ethanol contains more hydrogen atoms than water, so when ethanol was treated, it was possible to generate as much hydrogen as pure water with less consumption than pure water. When treated with 95% ethanol, a large amount of hydrogen could be generated with higher efficiency than when treated with pure water and when treated with ethanol.

FIG. 12 shows plasma when pure water is processed by the processing apparatus 1 according to the second embodiment. FIG. 12 shows plasma when the hydrogen generation efficiency is high. Uniform plasma is generated by uniform streamer discharge.

[Application example 1]
13(a) and 13(b) schematically show the configuration of an internal combustion engine 50 provided with the processing device 1 according to the embodiment. As shown in FIG. 13( a ), the internal combustion engine 50 includes an air cleaner 21 , a throttle body 22 , an injector 23 , a first electrode holder 24 , a second electrode holder 25 , an intake pipe 26 and an internal combustion engine body 27 .

The air cleaner 21 removes foreign matter such as dust and dirt from the intake air. The throttle body 22 holds a throttle valve for adjusting the amount of fresh air taken into the intake pipe 26 . The injector 23 injects fuel containing ethanol into the intake pipe 26 . The intake pipe 26 introduces a mixture of fresh air and fuel into the internal combustion engine body 27 . A first electrode holder 24 and a second electrode holder 25 are provided in the middle of the intake pipe 26 and hold the first (wet) electrode 2 and the second (dry) electrode 3, respectively.

During operation of the internal combustion engine 50 , fresh air is sucked into the intake pipe 26 in an amount corresponding to the opening of the throttle valve and mixed with the fuel injected from the injector 23 . A portion of the fuel adheres to the surface of the first (wet) electrode 2 as the mixture passes through the intake pipe 26 . As described above, when a pulse voltage is applied to the first (wet) electrode 2 or the second (dry) electrode 3 from the pulse supply unit, hydrogen is generated from the ethanol adhering to the surface of the first (wet) electrode 2 . Since the air-fuel mixture containing hydrogen is introduced into the internal combustion engine main body 27, the combustion efficiency of the air-fuel mixture can be improved.

FIG. 13(b) is a view of the first (wet) electrode 2 and the second (dry) electrode 3 held by the first electrode holder 24 and the second electrode holder 25 as seen from the upstream side of the intake pipe 26. FIG. be. The first (wet) electrodes 2 and the second (dry) electrodes 3 are arranged in a staggered pattern. As a result, the air-fuel mixture can be efficiently reformed and hydrogen can be generated without significantly impeding the flow of the air-fuel mixture. Further, by increasing the surface area of the first (wet) electrode 2, the hydrogen generation efficiency can be improved. In the example of this figure, the first (wet) electrode 2 has a two-layer structure and the second (dry) electrode 3 has a single-layer structure. Alternatively, the second (dry) electrode 3 may have a multi-layer structure of two or more layers.

[Application example 2]
FIG. 14 schematically shows the configuration of an internal combustion engine 60 provided with the processing device 1 according to the embodiment. The internal combustion engine 60 is a four-stroke gasoline engine, and includes a cylinder block 62 defining a cylindrical cylinder 62a, a cylinder head 63 joined to the upper surface of the cylinder block 62, and a cylinder 62a slidably provided in the cylinder 62a. A piston 64 and the like are provided. The number of cylinders and the row of cylinders of the internal combustion engine 60 may be arbitrary.

At a position corresponding to the cylinder 62a on the lower surface of the cylinder head 63, a combustion chamber recess 63a, which is a curved depression, is formed. A combustion chamber 65 is formed by a space surrounded by the combustion chamber recess 63 a , the cylinder 62 a and the top surface of the piston 64 . That is, the combustion chamber recess 63 a defines the top of the combustion chamber 65 .

A spark plug insertion hole 63 b extending from the upper surface of the cylinder head 63 to the combustion chamber 65 is formed substantially in the center of the cylinder head 63 . In Application Example 2, one spark plug insertion hole 63b is formed for one cylinder 62a. The ignition plug insertion hole 63b is formed on the cylinder axis so as to open at the center of the combustion chamber recess 63a. A cylindrical plug guide 66 is press-fitted into the ignition plug insertion hole 63b of the cylinder head 63, and the plug guide 66 extends the ignition plug insertion hole 63b upward.

The cylinder head 63 is also formed with an intake port 63c that opens on the left side and opens into the combustion chamber recess 63a, and an exhaust port 63d that opens on the combustion chamber recess 63a and opens on the right side. In Application Example 2, two intake ports 63c and two exhaust ports 63d are formed for one cylinder 62a. The cylinder head 63 is slidably provided with an intake valve 67 for opening and closing each intake port 63c and an exhaust valve 68 for opening and closing each exhaust port 63d.

The internal combustion engine 60 is provided with an ignition device 70 that ignites the mixed gas drawn into the combustion chamber 65 from the intake port 63c. The ignition device 70 is inserted into the ignition plug insertion hole 63b, and the ignition plug 71 is attached to the cylinder head 63 so that the tip discharges or protrudes into the combustion chamber 65, and the pulse supply unit 5 applies power to the ignition plug 71. and a controller (not shown) for controlling the voltage. The spark plug 71 is screwed into a female thread formed in the lower portion of the spark plug insertion hole 63b.

The ignition plug 71 is held at its proximal end by a plug cap 75 and screwed into a female thread formed in the lower portion of the ignition plug insertion hole 63b. A terminal portion 76 is formed at the base end (upper end) of the spark plug 71 . The terminal portion 76 is electrically connected to the pulse supply portion 5 by elastically contacting the terminal portion 76 with the high-voltage conductive member 77 made of a coil spring housed inside the plug cap 75 .

The spark plug 71 has a first (wet) electrode 2 and a second (dry) electrode 3 at its tip (lower end). A first (wet) electrode 2 arranged on the central axis of the ignition plug 71 is a central electrode that is electrically connected to the pulse supply section 5 via a terminal section 76 and is applied with a high voltage. A second (dry) electrode 3 extending from the outer periphery of the spark plug 71 and bent to face the center electrode is a ground electrode electrically connected to the cylinder head 63 . An insulating ceramic 8 is provided between the first (wet) electrode 2 and the second (dry) electrode 3 .

In the ignition device 70 configured as described above, the control device controls the voltage applied to the spark plug 71, the pulse width of the applied voltage, and the like, thereby causing the first (wet) electrode 2 and the second (dry) electrode 3 to A streamer discharge is generated between the intake ports 63c to ignite a mixture of fuel containing ethanol and fresh air sucked into the combustion chamber 65 from the intake port 63c. At this time, as described above, by applying a pulse voltage from the pulse supply unit 5 to the first (wet) electrode 2 , hydrogen is generated from the ethanol adhering to the surface of the first (wet) electrode 2 . Thereby, the combustion efficiency of the air-fuel mixture can be improved.

The present disclosure has been described above based on the embodiments. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that this embodiment is an example, and that various modifications can be made to combinations of each component and each treatment process, and such modifications are within the scope of the present disclosure. .

REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 1 treatment device 2 first (wet) electrode 3 second (dry) electrode 4 treatment section 5 pulse supply section 6 liquid 7 gas 10 spray section 11 porous body 12 injection section 50 internal combustion engine, 60 internal combustion engine, 70 ignition device;

Claims (2)

a first electrode;
a second electrode;
a pulse supply unit that applies a pulse voltage between the first electrode and the second electrode;
with
ethanol or a mixture of water and ethanol is present on the surface of the first electrode;
a gas separates the ethanol or the mixture of water and ethanol from the second electrode;
The pulse supply unit can continuously supply positive and negative pulses,
A spraying unit that sprays the ethanol or a mixture of water and ethanol onto the surface of the first electrode,
A processing device for generating hydrogen from the ethanol or a mixture of water and ethanol. presenting ethanol or a mixture of water and ethanol on the surface of the first electrode;
activating substances contained in the ethanol or a mixture of water and ethanol by applying a positive pulse voltage between the first electrode and the second electrode;
applying a negative pulse voltage between the first electrode and the second electrode to return material activated in the ethanol or mixture of water and ethanol to the surface of the first electrode;
A method for treating ethanol, or a mixture of water and ethanol, comprising:

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