JP2022139591A - Method for handling screw press and liquid inclusion - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a screw press capable of crushing a plug cake discharged from a filter cylinder, and a method for treating a liquid-containing substance.SOLUTION: A liquid content is put into a filter cylinder 2, and by rotating a screw 3 arranged concentrically with the filter cylinder 2 within the filter cylinder 2, the liquid content in the filter cylinder 2 is transferred toward a discharge port 8 of the filter cylinder 2, to form a plug cake 40 around a screw shaft 3A of the screw 3. Then, the plug cake 40 is crushed by a crushing structure 30 provided between a back pressure plate 15 arranged on the discharge port 8 side of the filter cylinder 2 and a downstream end of the filter cylinder 2 and fixed to the downstream end of the filter cylinder 2, and the crushed plug cake 40 is discharged from the discharge port 8.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 7

Description

The present invention relates to a screw press for squeezing liquid containing material such as sludge to separate liquid from the liquid containing material.

Conventionally, a screw press has been used as a device for squeezing sludge (liquid containing matter) discharged from liquid treatment facilities such as water and sewage treatment plants and night soil treatment plants to separate water from the sludge (that is, dewatering). Are known. This screw press includes a filter cylinder formed from a perforated plate and a screw arranged inside the filter cylinder. The screw has a screw shaft arranged concentrically with the filter tube, and screw blades fixed to the outer surface of the screw shaft. By rotating the screw blades with a rotating mechanism connected to the screw shaft, the sludge introduced into the filter cylinder is squeezed and dewatered. A back pressure plate is placed at the downstream opening end of the filter cylinder to block the sludge. Form. The cake that forms this plug applies back pressure to the sludge that is fed later, further compressing the sludge and thereby reducing the moisture content of the sludge in the filter tube.

Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2003-126900 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2004-249183 JP-A-2008-6316

The cake whose moisture content has been lowered by the screw press becomes hard and is discharged from the screw press as a large lump. However, such a large mass of cake gives a large impact when it falls from the discharge port to the conveyor, so that the flight plate or chain of the conveyor may fall off or the conveyor may be overloaded during operation. There was also the problem that the cake clumps clogged the outlet and the conveyor.

Accordingly, the present invention provides a screw press capable of crushing the dehydrated cake discharged from the filter cylinder and a method for treating liquid-containing substances.

In one aspect, a filter cylinder into which the liquid-containing material is introduced, a screw arranged concentrically with the filter cylinder within the filter cylinder, and conveying the liquid-containing material toward the outlet of the filter cylinder; a screw motor that rotates the screw; a back pressure plate that is arranged facing the downstream end of the filter tube; and a crushing structure that crushes a plug cake formed by the screw. A screw press is provided wherein a structure is provided between the back pressure plate and the downstream end of the filter tube and is secured to the downstream end of the filter tube.

In one aspect, in the screw press, the crushing structure includes a plurality of crushing blades arranged concentrically with the filter cylinder.
In one aspect, in the screw press, the tip of the crushing blade faces the side opposite to the filter cylinder, and the angle of the tip of the crushing blade is in the range of 10 degrees to 150 degrees.

In one aspect, there is provided a method for treating liquid inclusions using a screw press for separating liquid from liquid inclusions, wherein the liquid inclusions are put into a filter tube and arranged concentrically with the filter tube within the filter tube. By rotating the screw, the liquid contents in the filter tube are transported toward the outlet of the filter tube to form a plug cake around the screw shaft of the screw and into the filter tube. A crushing structure provided between a back pressure plate arranged opposite the downstream end and the downstream end of the filter tube and fixed to the downstream end of the filter tube crushes the plug cake. and discharging the crushed plug cake from the discharge port.

In one aspect, in the processing method, the crushing structure includes a plurality of crushing blades arranged concentrically with the filter cylinder.
In one aspect, in the processing method, the tip of the crushing blade faces the side opposite to the filter cylinder, and the angle of the tip of the crushing blade is in the range of 10 degrees to 150 degrees.

According to the present invention, the plug cake discharged from the filter tube is crushed into small lumps by a crushing structure fixed to the downstream end of the filter tube. Therefore, the load on the conveyor can be reduced, and clogging of the discharge port of the filter cylinder and the conveyor can be prevented.

1 is a schematic diagram showing one embodiment of a screw press; FIG. It is a schematic diagram of a screw press showing an enlarged crushing structure. 2 is a front view of the crushing structure shown in FIG. 1; FIG. 2 is a side view of the crushing structure shown in FIG. 1; FIG. FIG. 11 illustrates one embodiment of a crushing blade; 6(a) and 6(b) are cross-sectional views of the crushing blade. FIG. 7 is a diagram showing how the crushing structure crushes the plug cake. FIG. 10 is a diagram showing another embodiment of the crushing blade; FIG. 10 is a diagram showing still another embodiment of the crushing blade;

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing an embodiment of a screw press 1. FIG. A screw press 1 shown in FIG. and a back pressure plate driving device 16 connected to the back pressure plate 15 .

The filter cylinder 2 is made of a perforated plate such as punching metal. One end of the filter tube 2 is sealed by a blocking wall 6 and the other end of the filter tube 2 is connected to a discharge port 8 . An inlet 7 is formed in the filter tube 2 and adjoins the closing wall 6 .

The screw 3 includes a screw shaft 3A arranged concentrically with the filter tube 2, and screw blades 3B fixed to the outer surface of the screw shaft 3A. The screw shaft 3A extends through the filter cylinder 2 . The screw shaft 3A has a truncated cone shape whose diameter gradually increases toward the downstream side. The screw shaft 3A extends through the closing wall 6 and the end of the screw shaft 3A is connected to the screw motor 4. As shown in FIG. The screw motor 4 incorporates an inverter (not shown). The screw motor 4 is connected to the controller 20 , and the operation of the screw motor 4 , that is, the rotation speed of the screw 3 is controlled by the controller 20 .

In one embodiment, screw press 1 may further comprise an axial sliding actuator (not shown) coupled to screw motor 4 . The shaft sliding actuator is configured to move the screw motor 4 in the axial direction of the screw shaft 3A.

The screw blade 3B is a single blade spirally extending along the longitudinal direction of the screw shaft 3A. A minute gap is formed between the inner surface of the filter tube 2 and the screw blades 3B, and the screw 3 can rotate without contacting the filter tube 2. - 特許庁Sludge introduced into the filter cylinder 2 from the inlet 7 is transported through the filter cylinder 2 toward the outlet 8 by the rotating screw 3 .

The space in which the sludge is transferred within the filter cylinder 2 is formed by the inner surface of the filter cylinder 2, the screw shaft 3A, and the screw blades 3B. The volume of this space gradually decreases along the direction of travel of the sludge. Therefore, the sludge is squeezed and dewatered as it is moved through this space by the screw blades 3B. The filtrate that has passed through the filter cylinder 2 is discharged through a drain 10 after being collected by a filtrate receiver 9 arranged below the filter cylinder 2 .

An annular back pressure plate 15 is arranged facing the downstream end of the filter tube 2 . The back pressure plate 15 has a truncated cone shape with a tapered surface for receiving the dehydrated sludge transferred inside the filter cylinder 2 . A through hole through which the screw shaft 3A passes is formed in the central portion of the back pressure plate 15, and the back pressure plate 15 is arranged concentrically with the screw shaft 3A. The back pressure plate 15 is not fixed to the screw shaft 3A, and the back pressure plate 15 does not rotate. Sludge dewatered in the filter cylinder 2 by the rotation of the screw 3 is pressed against the back pressure plate 15 and formed as a plug cake 40 .

The back pressure plate 15 is connected to a back pressure plate driving device 16 . The back pressure plate driving device 16 is configured to move the back pressure plate 15 in the axial direction of the screw shaft 3A. A gap between the back pressure plate 15 and the downstream end of the filter tube 2 is adjusted by a back pressure plate driving device 16 . The back pressure plate driving device 16 is composed of, for example, a hydraulic cylinder or an electric cylinder. The back pressure plate driving device 16 is connected to the control unit 20 , and the operation of the back pressure plate driving device 16 , that is, the axial position of the back pressure plate 15 is controlled by the control unit 20 .

The screw press 1 further comprises a crushing structure 30 for crushing the plug cake 40 . The crushing structure 30 is provided between the back pressure plate 15 and the downstream end of the filter tube 2 . The crushing structure 30 has a plurality of crushing blades 31 arranged concentrically with the filter tube 2 . A through hole 36 through which the screw shaft 3A penetrates is formed in the central portion of the crushing structure 30, and the crushing structure 30 is arranged concentrically with the screw shaft 3A. The crushing structure 30 is fixed to the downstream end of the filter tube 2, and the crushing structure 30 does not rotate. As the screw 3 rotates, the plug cake 40 is gradually sent toward the back pressure plate 15 through the through hole 36 . The plug cake 40 discharged from between the filter tube 2 and the back pressure plate 15 is crushed by the crushing blades 31 .

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the screw press 1 showing an enlarged crushing structure 30. As shown in FIG. FIG. 3 is a front view of the crushing structure 30 shown in FIG. FIG. 4 is a side view of the crushing structure 30 shown in FIG. The crushing structure 30 of this embodiment has 16 crushing blades 31 arranged concentrically with the filter tube 2 at regular intervals, a cylindrical body 32 and a mounting plate 33 . The cylindrical body 32 has an annular shape concentric with the filter tube 2, and a through hole 32a through which the screw shaft 3A penetrates is formed in the central portion. The attachment plate 33 has an annular shape concentric with the filter tube 2, and a through hole 33a through which the screw shaft 3A penetrates is formed in the central portion. A through-hole 36 formed in the central portion of the crushing structure 30 is composed of through-holes 32a and 33a. The outer diameter of the mounting plate 33 is larger than the outer diameter of the cylindrical body 32 , and the cylindrical body 32 is concentrically connected to the mounting plate 33 .

The 16 crushing blades 31 are connected to a side wall 32b located on the outer periphery of the cylindrical body 32 and to the outer surface 33b of the mounting plate 33, and the tips 31a of the crushing blades 31 face the opposite side of the filter cylinder 2. I'm on my way. A cutting edge 31 b of the crushing blade 31 faces the axial direction of the crushing structure 30 . The crushing blades 31, the cylinder 32, and the mounting plate 33 may be joined together by known joining techniques such as welding, or the crushing blades 31, the cylinder 32, and the mounting plate 33 may be a unitary structure. may In this embodiment, 16 crushing blades 31 are provided, but the present invention is not limited to this, and the number may be less than 16 or more than 16.

The attachment plate 33 is further formed with a hole 33c for attachment to the filter tube 2. As shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 2, the crushing structure 30 is fixed to the downstream end of the filter tube 2 . The filter tube 2 has a flange portion 2a surrounding its downstream end. The bolt 34 passes through a hole 33c formed in the mounting plate 33 and a hole (not shown) formed in the flange portion 2a. The holes of the flange portion 2 a are formed at positions corresponding to the holes 33 c of the mounting plate 33 . In this embodiment, there are eight holes 33c in the mounting plate 33 and eight holes in the flange portion 2a, and there are eight connection points by the bolts 34 and nuts 35, but these numbers are not particularly limited. The crushing structure 30 can be removed from the filter cylinder 2 by disengaging the bolt 34 and the nut 35 .

As shown in FIG. 5, the tip 31a of the crushing blade 31 has an angle θ. This angle θ is the angle formed by the outer side 31c of the crushing blade 31 and one side forming the cutting edge 31b. The angle θ of the tip 31a of the crushing blade 31 may be within the range of 10 degrees to 150 degrees. The angle θ may be set along the truncated conical inclined surface of the back pressure plate 15 (see FIG. 2). As shown in FIGS. 6(a) and 6(b), the cutting edge 31b may have an acute-angled cross-section to facilitate crushing of the plug cake 40. As shown in FIGS. The cross section of the cutting edge 31b shown in FIG. 6A is inclined from both surfaces of the crushing blade 31 toward the center of the crushing blade 31 in the thickness direction. The cross section of the cutting edge 31b shown in FIG. 6(b) is inclined from one side surface of the crushing blade 31 toward the other side surface.

Next, operation of the screw press 1 will be described. As shown in FIG. 1, the sludge to be treated is introduced into the filter tube 2 through the inlet 7 . Sludge is transported through the filter tube 2 toward the discharge port 8 by the rotating screw 3 . Sludge is compressed and dewatered as it moves through the filter cylinder 2 . Filtrate that has passed through the filter cylinder 2 is collected by a filtrate receiver 9 and discharged through a drain 10 . Sludge is dewatered in the filter tube 2 to form a cake.

The cake that has moved inside the filter cylinder 2 is pressed against the back pressure plate 15 . The cake is compressed as its movement is blocked by the back pressure plate 15 . This compacted cake forms a plug cake 40 which seals the downstream end of filter tube 2 . The plug cake 40 reduces the moisture content of the cake in the filter tube 2 by applying back pressure to the following cake. While forming a plug cake 40 in the filter tube 2, the cake is pushed by the succeeding cake, passes through the gap between the back pressure plate 15 and the downstream end of the filter tube 2, and exits the outlet 8 into the screw. It is discharged outside the press 1 .

FIG. 7 shows how the crushing structure 30 crushes the plug cake 40. As shown in FIG. The plug cake 40 pushed out from the filter tube 2 is crushed in the axial direction of the crushing structure 30 by the crushing blades 31 of the crushing structure 30 . The plug cake 40 is discharged to the discharge port 8 after being pushed out into the space between the two adjacent crushing blades 31 . The amount of plug cake 40 discharged from the filter tube 2 is adjusted by adjusting the gap between the back pressure plate 15 and the downstream end of the filter tube 2 by the back pressure plate driving device 16 (see FIG. 1). be able to.

The cake discharged from the discharge port 8 is transferred by a conveyor arranged below the discharge port 8. According to this embodiment, since the plug cake 40 is discharged while being crushed into small pieces, it is possible to prevent a large impact from being applied when it falls onto the conveyor, and further prevent the discharge port 8 and the conveyor from being clogged. In this embodiment in which the number of crushing blades 31 is 16, the width of the crushed plug cake 40 can be reduced to about 20 cm.

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing another embodiment of the crushing blade 31. As shown in FIG. The crushing blade 31 shown in FIG. 8 has cutting edges 31b-1, 31b-2, and 31b-3. The cutting edges 31b-1 and 31b-3 are composed of sides that are inclined with respect to the outer side 31c of the crushing blade 31. As shown in FIG. The cutting edge 31b-2 is formed by a side parallel to the outer side 31c of the crushing blade 31. As shown in FIG. A tip 31a of the crushing blade 31 has an angle θ. This angle θ is the angle formed by the outer side 31c of the crushing blade 31 and one side forming the cutting edge 31b-1. The angle θ of the tip 31a of the crushing blade 31 may be within the range of 10 degrees to 150 degrees.

The cutting edges 31b-1 and 31b-3 may be inclined with respect to the outer edge 31c so as to follow the truncated conical inclined surface of the back pressure plate 15. As shown in FIG. As a result, when the back pressure plate 15 is moved toward the filter cylinder 2 by the back pressure plate driving device 16 (see FIG. 1), the truncated conical inclined surface of the back pressure plate 15 and the cutting edge 31b-3 of the crushing blade 31 are aligned. can be arranged to face each other. As shown in FIGS. 6(a) and 6(b), the cutting edges 31b-1, 31b-2, and 31b-3 may have an acute-angled cross-section to facilitate cracking of the plug cake. good.

FIG. 9 is a diagram showing still another embodiment of the crushing blade 31. As shown in FIG. The crushing blade 31 shown in FIG. 9 has cutting edges 31b-1, 31b-2, 31b-3, and 31b-4. The cutting edge 31b-1 is formed by a side perpendicular to the outer side 31c of the crushing blade 31. As shown in FIG. The cutting edges 31b-2 and 31b-4 are formed by sides that are inclined with respect to the outer side 31c of the crushing blade 31. As shown in FIG. The cutting edge 31b-3 is formed by a side parallel to the outer side 31c of the crushing blade 31. As shown in FIG. A tip 31a of the crushing blade 31 has an angle θ. This angle θ is the angle formed by the outer side 31c of the crushing blade 31 and one side forming the cutting edge 31b-1. In this embodiment, the angle θ of the tip 31a of the crushing blade 31 is 90 degrees. As a result, compared to the case where the tip 31a of the crushing blade 31 has an acute angle, the risk of wear and deterioration of the crushing blade 31 can be reduced.

The cutting edge 31b-2 and the cutting edge 31b-4 may be inclined with respect to the outer edge 31c so as to follow the truncated conical inclined surface of the back pressure plate 15. FIG. As a result, when the back pressure plate 15 is moved toward the filter cylinder 2 by the back pressure plate driving device 16 (see FIG. 1), the truncated conical inclined surface of the back pressure plate 15 and the cutting edge 31b-4 of the crushing blade 31 are aligned. can be arranged to face each other. Cutting edges 31b-1, 31b-2, 31b-3, and 31b-4, as shown in FIGS. 6(a) and 6(b), have acute-angled cross-sections to facilitate crushing of plug cakes. You may have

The screw press of the embodiment described above is used to separate water, which is liquid, from sludge, which is an example of liquid-containing substances. may be used. For example, the screw press according to the above-described embodiment can be used for processing foods such as fruits and oils, and for processing industrial products such as waste paper recycling. In food processing, screw presses are used to press raw materials (liquid inclusions) such as fruits, seeds, etc. to separate liquids such as fruit juices, oils, etc. from the raw materials. Waste paper recycling involves mixing the waste paper with liquids such as water and chemicals to loosen the waste paper into fibrous materials. A screw press is used to squeeze a mixture of fibrous material and liquid (liquid inclusions) to separate the fibrous material from the mixture.

The above-described embodiments are described for the purpose of enabling a person having ordinary knowledge in the technical field to which the present invention belongs to implement the present invention. Various modifications of the above-described embodiments can be naturally made by those skilled in the art, and the technical idea of the present invention can also be applied to other embodiments. Accordingly, the present invention is not limited to the described embodiments, but is to be construed in its broadest scope in accordance with the technical spirit defined by the claims.

1 screw press 2 filter tube 2a flange 3 screw 3A screw shaft 3B screw blade 4 screw motor 6 blocking wall 7 inlet 8 outlet 9 filtrate receiver 10 drain 15 back pressure plate 16 back pressure plate driving device 20 control unit 30 crushing structure Body 31 Crushing blade 31a Tip 31b Cutting edge 31c Outer edge 32 Cylindrical body 32a Through hole 32b Side wall 33 Mounting plate 33a Through hole 33b Outer surface 33c Hole 34 Bolt 35 Nut 36 Through hole 40 Plug cake

Claims (6)

a filter tube into which the liquid inclusions are introduced;
a screw disposed within and concentrically with the filter tube for transporting the liquid content toward the outlet of the filter tube;
a screw motor that rotates the screw;
a back pressure plate disposed facing the downstream end of the filter tube;
A crushing structure for crushing the plug cake formed by the screw,
The screw press, wherein the crushing structure is provided between the back pressure plate and the downstream end of the filter tube, and fixed to the downstream end of the filter tube. 2. The screw press according to claim 1, wherein said crushing structure comprises a plurality of crushing blades arranged concentrically with said filter tube. The tip of the crushing blade faces the opposite side of the filter cylinder,
3. The screw press according to claim 1, wherein the tip angle of said crushing blade is in the range of 10 degrees to 150 degrees. A method of processing liquid inclusions using a screw press to separate the liquid from the liquid inclusions, comprising:
Put the liquid content into the filter cylinder,
By rotating a screw disposed concentrically with the filter tube within the filter tube, the liquid content within the filter tube is transported toward the outlet of the filter tube, and the plug cake is transferred to the screw. forming around the screw shaft of
A crushing structure provided between a back pressure plate arranged to face the downstream end of the filter cylinder and the downstream end of the filter cylinder and fixed to the downstream end of the filter cylinder. Crush the plug cake by
A processing method, wherein the crushed plug cake is discharged from the discharge port. 5. The processing method according to claim 4, wherein said crushing structure comprises a plurality of crushing blades arranged concentrically with said filter tube. The tip of the crushing blade faces the opposite side of the filter cylinder,
The processing method according to claim 4 or 5, wherein the tip angle of said crushing blade is within a range of 10 degrees to 150 degrees.

Images