JP2022138910A - Carbonization Furnace and Gasification System - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a carbonization furnace capable of efficiently burning a pyrolysis gas generated in a process of carbonization, and a gasification system using carbide produced in the carbonization furnace.SOLUTION: A carbonization furnace comprises: a cylindrical body part extending vertically and having an inner space; a heating part provided below the inner space; and a baffle provided on an inner wall of the body part, wherein the heating part is a cylindrical member with a closed upper end, and is arranged coaxially with the body part, the baffle is provided at a position of the same height as an apex of the heating part or higher than the apex, a distance from an end of the baffle on an inner wall side to an end of the body part on a center side is shorter than an inner radius of the body part, and an edge of the baffle on the center side is in contact with or overlaps with the heating part in a plane view.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

The present invention relates to carbonization furnaces and gasification systems.

In recent years, methods for treating organic matter, biomass, and the like discharged from homes and industries and reusing them as charcoal have been studied. In the following description, "organic matter discharged from households and industrial fields" may be referred to as "organic waste". For example, Patent Literature 1 discloses a carbonization furnace for carbonizing organic waste. The carbonization furnace described in Patent Document 1 is said to be capable of efficiently carbonizing without lowering the atmospheric temperature.

JP 2009-270050 A

In a carbonization furnace, biomass, organic waste, and other organic matter is thermally decomposed in an oxygen-free or low-oxygen atmosphere to generate carbide and pyrolysis gas in which the organic matter is decomposed. In the carbonization furnace, the generated pyrolysis gas is burned and the combustion heat is effectively used, thereby reducing the energy required for carbonization. However, a problem arises in that black smoke is generated when the pyrolysis gas is not sufficiently burned.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide a carbonization furnace capable of efficiently burning pyrolysis gas generated in the process of carbonization. A further object of the present invention is to provide a gasification system using the carbide produced in the carbonization furnace.

In order to solve the above problems, one aspect of the present invention includes the following aspect.

[1] A cylindrical main body portion extending in a vertical direction and having an internal space, a heating portion provided below the internal space, and a baffle provided on the inner wall of the main body portion; The part is a cylindrical member with a closed upper end, and is arranged coaxially with the main body part, and the baffle is provided at the same height as or higher than the apex of the heating part, and the inner wall of the baffle The distance from the side end to the center-side end of the body portion is shorter than the inner radius of the body portion, and the center-side end of the baffle is in contact with or overlaps with the heating portion in a plan view. carbonization furnace.

[2] The carbonization furnace according to [1], wherein the difference between the inner radius of the body portion and the outer radius of the heating portion is 300 mm or less.

[3] The carbonization furnace according to [1] or [2], wherein the baffle can change the height installed on the inner wall.

[4] The carbonization furnace according to any one of [1] to [3], wherein the baffle is provided along the entire circumference of the inner wall.

[5] The carbonization furnace according to [4], wherein the baffle is annular in plan view.

[6] The main body has an inlet for charging the raw material in the side wall, the inlet is provided above the baffle, and the baffle is a cutout portion on a part of the entire circumference of the inner wall. , and the position of the notch portion and the position of the inlet overlap in the circumferential direction of the inner wall.

[7] The carbonization furnace according to any one of [1] to [6], which includes an ignition section, and the ignition section is provided at a position higher than the top of the heating section.

[8] A gas comprising the carbonization furnace according to any one of [1] to [7], and a reforming furnace for obtaining water gas and activated carbon from the carbide produced in the carbonization furnace and superheated steam. system.

ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the carbonization furnace which can promote combustion of the pyrolysis gas produced in the process of carbonization can be provided. Furthermore, it is possible to provide a gasification system that uses the carbide produced in the carbonization furnace.

FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing a carbonization furnace 1. FIG. FIG. 2 is a plan view showing the baffle 30. FIG. FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the flow of pyrolysis gas in the carbonization furnace 1. As shown in FIG. FIG. 4 is a plan view showing the baffle. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing the baffle. FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing the gasification system.

Hereinafter, the carbonization furnace according to each embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 6. FIG. In addition, in all the drawings below, the dimensions and ratios of the constituent elements are appropriately changed in order to make the drawings easier to see.

In the following description, an xyz orthogonal coordinate system is set, and the positional relationship of each member will be described with reference to this xyz orthogonal coordinate system. Here, the predetermined direction in the horizontal plane is the x-axis direction, the direction perpendicular to the x-axis direction in the horizontal plane is the y-axis direction, and the direction perpendicular to each of the x-axis direction and the y-axis direction (that is, the vertical direction) is the z-axis direction. and

<Carbonization Furnace>
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a carbonization furnace that is an example of an embodiment. As shown in FIG. 1 , the carbonization furnace 1 mainly includes a body portion 10 , a heating portion 20 provided below the body portion 10 , and a baffle 30 provided on the inner wall of the body portion 10 . As used herein, a "carbonization furnace" is a carbonization furnace for processing biomass, organic waste, and the like.

As used herein, "biomass" refers to resources of biological origin, excluding fossil resources. Biomass includes, for example, thinned wood, pruned branches, sawdust, bamboo, rice straw, and the like.

In addition, "organic waste" refers to organic waste. Organic waste includes, for example, food waste, construction waste, shredder dust, livestock waste, sludge, and general waste from households.

In the following description, biomass and organic waste are referred to as "raw materials". In the carbonization furnace, biomass is preferably processed as raw material.

It is preferable that the raw material is preliminarily dried before being put into the carbonization furnace 1 so that the moisture content is properly adjusted. This is because the carbonization efficiency and the carbide yield can be increased. The moisture content of the raw material charged into the carbonization furnace 1 is preferably 10% by mass or more and 20% by mass or less. More preferably, it is 15% by mass or more and 20% by mass or less.

The carbonization furnace 1 heat-processes the input raw material to produce carbide (charcoal). In the process of producing charcoal from the raw material, in the carbonization furnace 1, "decomposition combustion" of the raw material, "carbonization" of the solid matter generated by the decomposition combustion, and "combustion" of the pyrolysis gas generated by the decomposition combustion occur.

As used herein, the term “decomposition combustion” refers to a reaction in which raw materials are decomposed into solids containing carbides and pyrolysis gas.

As used herein, the term "solids containing carbides" refers to intermediates in the reaction of producing carbides from raw materials. The solid content containing carbides includes not only the carbides that are the object of the reaction, but also intermediate products that have partially undergone a decomposition reaction from the raw materials but have not turned into carbides. Hereinafter, the "solid content containing carbide" may be simply abbreviated as "solid content".

As used herein, the term “carbonization” refers to a reaction in which the thermal decomposition of solids generated by combustion decomposition is further advanced to increase the content of carbides in the solids.

As used herein, the term "pyrolysis gas" refers to a mixed gas generated by pyrolysis of raw materials. A pyrolysis gas is, for example, a mixed gas containing carbon monoxide, hydrogen, hydrocarbons, sulfur oxides, nitrogen oxides, and the like. Pyrolysis gases are combustible. In the carbonization furnace 1, the pyrolysis gas generated by the "decomposition combustion" is "burned" and consumed. Pyrolysis gases treated by combustion become "exhaust gases".

The raw material and pyrolysis gas correspond to the "combustible material" according to the present invention.

Hereinafter, each configuration of the carbonization furnace 1 will be described in order.

(1) Body Part The body part 10 has a cylindrical shape with an internal space 10a and extends in the vertical direction (z-axis direction). For example, the body portion 10 may be a circle with different radii in plan view depending on the height. Alternatively, the body portion 10 may have unevenness on the inner surface or the outer surface of the side wall.

The size of the main body 10 may be set according to the expected amount of raw material to be processed or the expected amount of carbide to be produced according to the assumed operating conditions of the carbonization furnace 1 . For example, the main body 10 has an outer diameter of 2600 mm and an inner diameter of 2000 mm. For example, the height of the body portion 10 is 5000 mm.

The body portion 10 has an inlet 11, an outlet 12, an ignition portion 13, an air supply port 10b, an air supply port 10c, and an exhaust port .

(Inlet 11)
The input port 11 is configured to input raw materials into the carbonization furnace 1 . The inlet 11 is provided on the side wall of the body portion 10 . A means (not shown) for charging the raw material into the internal space 10 a is connected to the inlet 11 .

Means for charging the raw material is not limited, and examples thereof include a screw feeder and a table feeder. Raw materials are introduced into the internal space 10 a of the main body 10 through the inlet 11 . The raw material may be continuously fed from the feeding port 11 or may be fed intermittently. Moreover, the input amount of the raw material can be appropriately adjusted.

The temperature in the vicinity of the inlet 11 is preferably 800° C. or higher for complete combustion of the pyrolysis gas. The upper limit of the temperature is not limited as long as it does not damage the carbonization furnace, but the temperature near the inlet 11 is generally 1200°C or less, more preferably 1150°C or less.

(Outlet 12)
The outlet 12 is configured to recover the carbide produced in the carbonization furnace 1 . The outlet 12 is provided at the bottom of the main body 10 .

(Ignition part 13)
The ignition unit 13 is an ignition device for heating the heating unit 20 and further warming the internal space 10a. By heating the heating unit 20 and the internal space 10a before charging the raw material, the raw material can be efficiently carbonized. The interior space 10a is preferably warmed to at least 200° C. prior to charging the raw material.

The igniter 13 should be able to heat the upper part of the heating part 20, but is preferably provided at a position where it can heat the vicinity including the vertex 20a. The ignition part 13 is preferably provided at a position higher than the apex 20a of the heating part. In addition, the ignition part 13 is preferably provided below the inlet 11 . The ignition part 13 may be provided not only at one place but also at a plurality of places.

Further, the ignition unit 13 is also a device that ignites the raw material in order to decompose and burn the introduced raw material.

(Air supply port 10b)
The air supply port 10b is provided on the side wall of the main body 10 to supply air from the outside of the carbonization furnace 1 to the internal space 10a. The air supply port 10 b is provided below the inlet 11 of the main body 10 and above the heating unit 20 . The air supply ports 10b are preferably provided discretely along the entire circumference of the side wall of the body portion 10 . A device for feeding air into the internal space 10a while adjusting the amount of air supplied is provided outside the carbonization furnace 1 at the air supply port 10b. The device includes, for example, fan 101b.

The air supplied from the air supply port 10b promotes decomposition combustion of the raw material in the internal space 10a near the air supply port 10b. A space in the internal space 10a where the decomposition combustion of the raw material is promoted is called a decomposition combustion zone 10d. In the decomposition combustion zone 10d, combustion of pyrolysis gas generated by decomposition combustion (primary combustion of pyrolysis gas) also occurs.

Solids generated in the cracking combustion zone 10d descend through the interior space 10a as the process in the carbonization furnace 1 progresses.

On the other hand, of the pyrolysis gas generated in the decomposition combustion zone 10d, the remainder that has not been burned in the decomposition combustion zone 10d rises in the internal space 10a.

(Air supply port 10c)
The air supply port 10c is provided on the side wall of the main body 10 to supply air from the outside of the carbonization furnace 1 to the internal space 10a. The air supply port 10 c is provided above the input port 11 of the main body 10 . The air supply ports 10c are preferably provided discretely along the entire circumference of the side wall of the body portion 10 . A device for feeding air into the internal space 10a while adjusting the amount of air supplied is provided outside the carbonization furnace 1 at the air supply port 10c. The device includes, for example, fan 101c.

The air supplied from the air supply port 10c facilitates the "combustion" of the pyrolysis gases rising from the cracking combustion zone 10d. In this specification, the combustion of the pyrolysis gas in the internal space 10a above the input port 11 may be called "secondary combustion" in contrast to the combustion (primary combustion) of the pyrolysis gas in the cracking combustion zone 10d. be. Further, the space above the internal space 10a where the pyrolysis gas undergoes secondary combustion is called a secondary combustion zone 10e.

It is preferable for the temperature in the vicinity of the secondary combustion zone 10e to be 800° C. or higher for the combustion of the pyrolysis gas. The temperature in the vicinity of the secondary combustion zone 10e increases toward the upper portion of the internal space 10a due to the combustion heat of the pyrolysis gas. The upper temperature limit is not limited as long as it does not damage the carbonization furnace, but the temperature in the vicinity of the secondary combustion zone 10e is generally 1200°C or less, more preferably 1150°C or less. Moreover, if the residence time of the pyrolysis gas in the secondary combustion zone 10e is set to 2 seconds or more, it is possible to reduce the generation of dioxin, which is preferable.

(exhaust port 14)
The exhaust port 14 is a structure for discharging from the carbonization furnace 1 the exhaust gas produced by burning the pyrolysis gas. The exhaust port 14 is provided in the upper portion of the main body portion 10 . The exhaust port 14 is provided above the air supply port 10c.

(Air supply port 10f)
The body portion 10 may have an air supply port 10f. 10 f of air supply ports are the structures provided in the side wall of the main-body part 10 in order to supply air from the exterior of the carbonization furnace 1 to the internal space 10a. The air supply port 10f is provided below the air supply port 10b and at the height where the heating unit 20 is provided. The air supply ports 10f are preferably provided discretely along the entire circumference of the side wall of the main body 10. As shown in FIG. A device for feeding air into the internal space 10a while adjusting the amount of air supplied is provided outside the carbonization furnace 1 at the air supply port 10f. The device includes, for example, a fan 101f.

The air supplied from the air supply port 10f promotes carbonization of solids falling from the cracking combustion zone 10d. A space in the vicinity of the air supply port 10f of the internal space 10a where the solid content is further carbonized is called a carbonized portion 10g.

No air supply port is provided below the air supply port 10f on the side wall of the main body 10. As shown in FIG.

The reaction in each part of the internal space 10a can be adjusted by adjusting the amount of air supplied into the carbonization furnace 1 through the air supply ports 10b, 10c, and 10f. Thereby, it is possible to control the reaction heat generated in each part of the internal space 10a and adjust the temperature of the internal space 10a.

A material that is commonly used as a material for a carbonization furnace can be used as the material that constitutes the body portion 10 . Examples of materials include stainless steel.

(2) Heating Unit As described above, the heating unit 20 is heated by the ignition unit 13 . The heating unit 20 is also heated by heat generated by decomposition combustion or combustion. The heating unit 20 stores heat and heats the solid content by radiation and heat transfer. The heating unit 20 promotes the carbonization of the solid content and turns it into a carbide. The heating unit 20 may have a heat source in addition to the heat obtained from the ignition unit 13 and the heat generated by decomposition combustion or combustion.

The heating section 20 is provided below the internal space 10 a of the main body section 10 . A vertex 20 a of the heating unit 20 is located below the inlet 11 .

The shape of the heating part 20 is a cylinder with a closed upper end. As shown in FIG. 1, the shape of the upper portion of the heating portion 20 is preferably conical. The heating unit 20 may have an uneven surface. The heating section 20 is provided coaxially with the main body section 10 .

The heating unit 20 may be provided with an air supply port 20b for supplying air to the carbonization furnace 1 . The air supply port 20b is provided in the upper part of the heating part 20, and is not provided in the lower part of the heating part 20. As shown in FIG. The air supply port 20b is preferably provided in the same height range as the air supply port 10f. Thereby, the space between the heating part 20 and the main body part 10 is divided into a space with a large amount of air supply (carbonized part 10g) and a space with a small amount of air supply (non-combustible part 10h).

The air supplied to the carbonization section 10g from the air supply port 20b is sent from outside the carbonization furnace 1 through a space provided inside the shaft 21 of the heating section 20. As shown in FIG.

In the carbonized portion 10g, the solid content is further carbonized. Ultimately, the solids are decomposed into carbides and pyrolysis gases. Carbonization in the carbonized portion 10g means that the carbonization progresses by maintaining a high temperature while supplying air. This carbonization is also called 'refining' or 'ayashi'. The generated pyrolysis gas rises in the internal space 10a.

The carbide refined in the carbonization section 10g moves to the non-combustible section 10h below the carbonization section 10g. The carbides that have reached the non-combustible portion 10h are extinguished in the non-combustible portion 10h where the supply of air is small.

The heating unit 20 may be rotatable around the central axis. By rotating, air can be uniformly supplied to the carbonized portion 10g, and the efficiency of carbonization and the purity of the carbonized material can be improved. The means for rotating the heating part 20 is not limited, but the shaft 21 and the heating part 20 may be connected and the shaft 21 may be rotated by a known driving means. The rotation speed may be appropriately adjusted according to the type, composition, size or shape of the raw material.

The heating section 20 may have a table 22 at the bottom. The table 22 is preferably frustoconical. The table 22 can be raised and lowered, and the space between the table 22 and the main body 10 can be adjusted as appropriate. By moving up and down, the carbide can be pulverized between the table 22 and the main body 10, and the size of the carbide can be appropriately adjusted. Table 22 may be rotatable. The table 22 may be rotatable independently of the heating section 20 . Well-known means may be used as means for lifting and rotating the table 22 .

The heating section 20 may be removable from the bottom of the body section 10 . Inside the carbonization furnace 1, there may be clinker mainly composed of cooled molten silica. Since clinker may impair the performance of the carbonization furnace 1, it needs to be removed periodically. If the heating unit 20 is detachable, the work of removing the clinker is easy. Known means may be used as the means for removing the heating part 20 from the bottom of the main body part 10 .

The size of the heating part 20 is set according to the size of the main body part 10 . The difference between the inner radius of the body portion 10 and the outer radius of the heating portion 20 (the width w of the space formed between the inner wall of the body portion 10 and the outer wall of the heating portion 20) is 300 mm or less, preferably 200 mm or less. is. Although the lower limit of the width w is not particularly limited, it is preferably 50 mm or more. More preferably, it is 100 mm or more.

By reducing the width w, unevenness in the way heat is conducted from the heating unit 20 to the carbide can be suppressed, and homogeneous carbide can be obtained. A reduction in the yield of carbide due to the reduction in the width w can be compensated for by increasing the height of the heating section 20 .

Moreover, as a material for forming the heating unit 20, a material that is normally used as a material for the heating unit can be adopted. Examples of materials include stainless steel.

(3) Baffle FIG. 2 is a plan view showing the baffle 30 and a cross-sectional view taken along line II-II in FIG.

The baffle 30 has a function of controlling the flow of pyrolysis gas rising from the cracking combustion zone 10d and the carbonization section 10g.

As shown in FIG. 2, the baffle 30 is an annular member provided along the entire circumference of the inner wall of the main body 10, and is open along an end 30a on the center side of the main body 10. . In the carbonization furnace 1, an end 30a of the baffle 30 on the center side of the body portion 10 is in contact with the heating portion 20 in plan view (Fig. 2(a)). Alternatively, the end 30a overlaps the heating section 20 in plan view (FIG. 2(b)).

(Position of baffle 30)
The baffle 30 may have a fixed installation height, or may be variable in installation height. It is preferable to change the height of the baffle 30 according to the type, composition, size, shape, etc. of the raw material charged into the carbonization furnace 1 .

The baffle 30 is provided at the same height as the apex 20a of the heating section or at a position higher than the apex 20a. The baffle 30 is preferably installed below an intermediate plane between the inner wall of the upper surface of the main body 10 and the apex 20 a of the heating unit 20 . Although it depends on the size of the carbonization furnace 1 , for example, the lowest portion of the lower surface of the baffle 30 is located above the apex 20 a of the heating section 20 in a range of 0 mm or more and 400 mm or less. The vertical positional relationship between the baffle 30 and the inlet 11 is not limited.

As shown in FIG. 1, the baffle 30 has an upper surface 30m and a lower surface 30n parallel to the xy plane.

A baffle 30 may be coupled to the carbonization furnace 1 . The baffle 30 may be removable from the carbonization furnace 1 .

A plurality of baffles 30 may be provided on the inner wall of the main body 10 at intervals. Preferably, the baffle 30 is provided on the inner wall of the main body 10 .

(Shape of baffle 30)
The distance from the end of the baffle 30 on the inner wall side of the body portion 10 to the center side end 30 a of the body portion 10 in plan view is shorter than the inner radius of the body portion 10 .

As described above, the pyrolysis gas generated in the carbonization furnace is combusted in the carbonization furnace to become exhaust gas, which is discharged out of the carbonization furnace 1 . Combustion of pyrolysis gas tends to be incomplete when sufficient combustion time cannot be secured or when oxygen is insufficient during combustion. When the pyrolysis gas is incompletely combusted, there arises a problem that black smoke is mixed in the exhaust gas discharged out of the carbonization furnace 1 .

In a carbonization furnace, it is required to increase the amount of carbide to be produced and improve productivity. On the other hand, since the amount of pyrolysis gas generated increases as the amount of produced carbide increases, it is relatively difficult to secure a sufficient combustion time and the amount of oxygen becomes insufficient, which tends to cause the above-described incomplete combustion.

As a result of intensive studies on the above problem, the inventors found that it is possible to control the flow of the pyrolysis gas and promote the combustion of the pyrolysis gas by providing the baffle 30, and completed the present invention. let me In addition, the inventors presume a mechanism for the function of the baffle 30 as described below with reference to FIG. 3, but the present invention is not limited to the following presumed mechanism.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing the flow of pyrolysis gas in a carbonization furnace. FIG. 3(a) shows the flow of pyrolysis gas in a conventional carbonization furnace 1X without baffles, and FIG. 3(b) shows the flow of pyrolysis gas in the carbonization furnace 1 of this embodiment. In FIG. 3, arrows indicate the flow of pyrolysis gas.

As described above, the pyrolysis gas G generated in the decomposition combustion zone 10d and the carbonization section 10g is burned while ascending in the internal space 10a. Here, in the carbonization furnace 1X shown in FIG. 3(a), the rise of the pyrolysis gas G is not blocked. Therefore, when the amount of the pyrolysis gas G generated increases, it is difficult to ensure a sufficient combustion time, and the combustion of the pyrolysis gas G may become incomplete.

On the other hand, in the carbonization furnace 1 shown in FIG. 3(b), the baffle 30 partially interrupts the flow of the pyrolysis gas G. Therefore, in the carbonization furnace 1 , the pyrolysis gas G temporarily stays below the baffle 30 and then gathers at the opening of the baffle 30 . Further, the pyrolysis gas is well mixed with the air in a complex airflow under the baffle 30 .

As a result, the pyrolysis gas is favorably combusted without oxygen deficiency during combustion. In addition, since the pyrolysis gas is concentrated in the opening, combustion is promoted. Therefore, in the carbonization furnace 1, the combustion in the lower part of the baffle 30 (that is, the combustion in the decomposition combustion zone 10d) and the combustion in the secondary combustion zone 10e accelerate the combustion of the pyrolysis gas, generating black smoke. is suppressed.

(Modification)
In addition, the shape of a baffle is not restricted to the shape mentioned above. 4 and 5 are a plan view and a cross-sectional view showing a modification of the baffle. FIG. 4 shows the plan view shape of the baffle.

The baffle 31 shown in FIG. 4( a ) opens along the center side edge 31 a of the main body 10 and is provided with a part of the inner wall of the inner wall of the main body 10 missing. For example, when the baffle 31 is provided below the input port 11, when the notch portion (opening 31b) of the baffle 31 and the input port 11 overlap in the circumferential direction in plan view, the baffle 31 It is possible to obtain the effect of suppressing deposition of the raw material on the upper surface. The notch portion refers to a portion (that is, an opening) where the baffle is missing compared to the case where the baffle is provided on the entire circumference of the inner wall of the main body portion 10 .

The above effect can also be obtained with the baffle 32 shown in FIG. 4(b). The baffle 32 opens along an edge 32a on the center side of the main body 10 and is provided along the entire circumference of the inner wall of the main body 10. forming a portion 32b. In such a baffle 32 as well, deposition of the raw material on the upper surface of the baffle 32 can be suppressed by arranging the opening 32b of the baffle 32 and the inlet 11 to overlap in the circumferential direction in plan view.

The above effect can also be obtained with the baffle 33 shown in FIG. 4(c). The baffle 33 opens along an edge 33a on the center side of the main body 10 and is provided along the entire circumference of the inner wall of the main body 10. It forms a portion 33b. That is, in the baffle 33, the opening surrounded by the edge 33a and the opening 33b are not substantially connected and are separated by the baffle 33. As shown in FIG. In such a baffle 33 as well, deposition of the raw material on the upper surface of the baffle 33 can be suppressed by arranging the opening 33b of the baffle 33 and the inlet 11 to overlap in the circumferential direction in plan view.

The baffle may be composed of multiple members. The baffle 34 shown in FIG. 4D is formed by connecting a plurality of baffle pieces 341, 342, 343, 344, 345, and 346 along the circumferential direction of the inner wall of the main body 10 without gaps. The baffle 34 opens along an edge 34a on the center side of the main body 10 .

The baffle 35 shown in FIG. 4E has a plurality of baffle pieces 351, 352, 353, 354, 355, and 356 along the circumferential direction of the inner wall of the main body 10, and adjacent baffle pieces are separated from each other. It is formed. The baffle 35 opens along an edge 35a on the center side of the main body 10 .

In the case of the configuration of the baffles 34 and 35, even if a part of the baffle is damaged during use of the carbonization furnace 1, it can be repaired by replacing the baffle piece including the damaged part, so maintenance is easy.

In addition, although the shape of the openings of the baffles 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, and 35 described above is circular in plan view, the shape is not limited to this. The shape of the opening may be polygonal, for example.

FIG. 5 shows the cross-sectional shape of the baffle. In the baffle 37 shown in FIG. 5(a), the end 37a on the center side of the main body 10 is lifted upward, and both the upper surface 37m and the lower surface 37n of the baffle intersect the xy plane.

The baffle 38 shown in FIG. 5B has an upper surface 38m parallel to the xy plane and a lower surface 38n intersects the xy plane. The opening surrounded by the edge 38a on the center side of the main body 10 is parallel to the upper surface 38m.

The baffle 39 shown in FIG. 5C is a curved surface with an upper surface 39m parallel to the xy plane and a lower surface 39n convex downward. The opening surrounded by the edge 39a on the center side of the main body 10 is parallel to the upper surface 39m.

As shown in FIGS. 5A to 5C, the lower surface of the baffle intersects with the xy plane, or the lower surface is a curved surface that is downwardly convex, so that the pyrolysis gas is released from the lower surface of the baffle (ie, The effect is to ascend the interior space 10a without staying in the cracking combustion zone 10d).

The material constituting the baffle 30 may be any known material. The material is preferably a monolithic refractory. More preferably, the material is refractory concrete. The refractory concrete is preferably cast into a mold and shaped.

<Gasification system>
The carbide produced using the carbonization furnace 1 and the exhaust gas discharged from the carbonization furnace 1 may then be supplied to a reformer. A reformer is a structure that reacts carbides and superheated steam at high temperature and pressure to obtain water gas and activated carbon. One aspect of the present invention provides a gasification system comprising a carbonization furnace and a reformer.

Figure 6 is a block diagram illustrating an embodiment of a gasification system. The arrows shown in FIG. 6 represent the flow of substances in each step. As shown in FIG. 6, the gasification system 400 of this embodiment includes a dryer 401, a carbonization furnace 1, a reforming furnace 402, a first cyclone 403, a second cyclone 404, a superheater 405, A first heat exchanger 406 , a second heat exchanger 407 , a third heat exchanger 408 , a bag filter 409 and a gas tank 410 are provided.

The dryer 401 removes moisture from the raw material using high-temperature air A1 as a heat source for drying. It is preferable that the water content of the raw material put into the dryer 401 is 50% by mass or less. It is preferable that the water content of the raw material after drying by the dryer 401 is 10% by mass or more and 20% by mass or less. More preferably, it is 15% by mass or more and 20% by mass or less.

A carbonization furnace 1 produces a carbide and a pyrolysis gas from dried raw materials. The pyrolysis gas that has been combusted and processed is called exhaust gas E1.

The reforming furnace 402 reacts the carbide produced in the carbonization furnace 1 with the superheated steam V2 to produce water gas G1 and activated carbon. Further, the exhaust gas E1 is introduced into the reforming furnace 402 as a heat source. The reforming furnace 402 discharges an exhaust gas E2 whose temperature has been lowered from the exhaust gas E1.

The first cyclone 403 removes pulverized coal and dust contained in the water gas G1 to obtain water gas G2. The second cyclone 404 removes impurities contained in the exhaust gas E2 discharged from the reforming furnace 402 to obtain an exhaust gas E3.

The superheater 405 heats the steam V1 by exchanging heat with the exhaust gas E3 to generate superheated steam V2. On the other hand, the exhaust gas E3 is heat-exchanged by heating the water vapor V1 to become the exhaust gas E4.

The first heat exchanger 406 produces water gas G3 from water gas G2. The first heat exchanger 406 is a so-called dry heat exchanger that cools the water gas G2 by transferring heat to a fluid with a temperature lower than that of the water gas G2 without direct contact between the water gas G2 and water. be.

The second heat exchanger 407 heats the air A0 by exchanging heat with the exhaust gas E4 to generate high-temperature air A1. On the other hand, the exhaust gas E4 is heat-exchanged by heating the air A0, becomes the exhaust gas E5, and is discharged to the outside.

The third heat exchanger 408 heats the water W1 by exchanging heat with a portion of the hot air A1 to generate water vapor V1.

The bag filter 409 collects the fine activated carbon contained in the water gas G3 and converts it into water gas G4.

Gas tank 410 stores water gas G4.

The carbonization furnace and gasification system of the present embodiment are useful as a carbonization furnace and a gasification system because they are excellent in combustion of pyrolysis gas.

According to the carbonization furnace 1 configured as described above, it is possible to promote the combustion of pyrolysis gas generated in the process of carbonization, and to suppress the problem of black smoke being mixed in the discharged exhaust gas.

Further, according to the gasification system 400 configured as described above, the gasification system effectively utilizes the carbonization furnace 1 and exhaust gas.

Although the preferred embodiments according to the present invention have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, the present invention is not limited to such examples. The various shapes, combinations, and the like of the constituent members shown in the above examples are merely examples, and can be variously changed based on design, specifications, etc., without departing from the gist of the present invention.

1: carbonization furnace, 10: main body, 11: inlet, 12: outlet, 13: ignition part, 14: exhaust port, 10a: internal space, 10b: air supply port, 101b: fan, 10c: air supply port , 101c: fan, 10d: decomposition combustion zone, 10e: secondary combustion zone, 10f: air supply port, 101f: fan, 10g: carbonized portion, 10h: non-combustible portion, w: width of space, 20: heating portion, 21 : axis, 22: table, 20a: top, 20b: air supply port, 30-39: baffle, 30a-39a: end, G: pyrolysis gas, 31b-33b: opening of baffle, 30m, 37m-39m: Upper surface, 30n, 37n to 39n: Lower surface, 400: Gasification system, 401: Dryer, 402: Reforming furnace, 403: First cyclone, 404: Second cyclone, 405: Superheater, 406: First heat exchanger vessel, 407: second heat exchanger, 408: third heat exchanger, 409: bag filter, 410: gas tank, E1 to E5: exhaust gas, V1: water vapor, V2: superheated steam, G1 to G4: water gas, A0 : air, A1: hot air, W1: water

Claims (8)

a cylindrical main body extending vertically and having an internal space;
a heating unit provided below the internal space;
A baffle provided on the inner wall of the main body,
The heating unit is a cylindrical member with a closed upper end, and is arranged coaxially with the main body,
The baffle is provided at the same height as or higher than the apex of the heating section, and the distance from the end of the baffle on the inner wall side to the end on the center side of the main body is equal to the inner radius of the main body. and the end of the baffle on the center side is in contact with or overlaps with the heating part in plan view. 2. The carbonization furnace according to claim 1, wherein the difference between the inner radius of said body portion and the outer radius of said heating portion is 300 mm or less. 3. The carbonization furnace according to claim 1, wherein said baffle can change the height installed on said inner wall. The carbonization furnace according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the baffle is provided along the entire circumference of the inner wall. 5. The carbonization furnace of claim 4, wherein the baffle is annular in plan view. The main body has an inlet for introducing raw materials into the side wall,
The inlet is provided above the baffle,
The baffle has a notch portion on a part of the entire circumference of the inner wall,
4. The carbonization furnace according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a position of the cutout portion and a position of the inlet overlap in the circumferential direction of the inner wall. Equipped with an ignition part,
The carbonization furnace according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the ignition section is provided at a position higher than the top of the heating section. The carbonization furnace according to any one of claims 1 to 7;
a reformer furnace for obtaining water gas and activated carbon from the charcoal produced in the carbonization furnace and the superheated steam.

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