JP2022132262A - Round back pillow - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a pillow useful for keeping a posture for enabling dysphagia older persons having a round back and cervical spine flexure restriction attendant thereon to perform safe oral ingestion regardless of disease states of dysphagia, degrees of deformation and movable area restriction of cervical vertebrae and thoracic vertebrae, and physique difference.SOLUTION: A pillow comprising a neck semicircular column, a head triangular column, and an upper thoracic spine adjustment plate, whose component arrangements are individually determined by casting before they are bonded and fixed, a buffer mat pasted on the pillow's uppermost part, and a slip-proof mat pasted on the pillow's bottom is provided to cope with a disease state of dysphagia, a degree of deformation and movable area restriction of cervical vertebrae and thoracic vertebrae of a dysphagia older person having a round back and cervical spine flexure restriction attendant thereon.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to posture maintenance during eating by an elderly dysphagic person.

Two well-known posture adjustment methods for patients with dysphagia during oral intake are the trunk reclining posture (Non-Patent Document 1) and the forward bending posture of the cervical spine (Non-Patent Document 2).

The trunk reclining posture is useful for oral stage disorders such as food intake and bolus transfer to the pharynx, pharyngeal stage disorders such as delayed swallowing reflex and timing deviation, and gastroesophageal reflux.

The forward bending posture of the cervical spine is significant in relaxing the tension in the front of the neck, and is expected to improve the contractile force of the pharynx and the airway defense by the epiglottis during swallowing reflex.

However, in elderly dysphagia patients, this posture can be difficult. This is the case when there is a hunched back (thoracic kyphosis) and accompanying limitation of the cervical spine forward bending range of motion.

A hunched spine is the first spinal deformity that occurs in the elderly as shown in Figure 2 (3, 4). As the condition progresses further, the cervical and lumbar vertebrae extend compensatory to look forward in a standing position as shown in the right of Fig. 2, and the cervical vertebra becomes difficult to bend. The thoracic spine becomes more flexed and difficult to extend.

As beds for the elderly to take a reclining posture, there are known beds such as those shown in FIG.

When an elderly dysphagic patient with dysphagia (Fig. 2, right) uses these beds to cope with dysphagia, the head is raised too much and the posterior pharyngeal wall becomes almost vertical, as shown in Fig. 4. This makes it difficult to deal with the delayed swallowing reflex.

Since cervical spine extension progresses along with the hunched back, another posture adjustment method for dealing with dysphagia, cervical spine forward bending posture, becomes similarly difficult.

We investigated cervical spine flexion range of motion in elderly people undergoing video dysphagia (VF). The limitation of cervical forward flexion is severe, and it was thought that flexion at the level of the thoracic spine was mainly adjusted by positioning the cervical spine (Non-Patent Document 5).

The pillow for eating and swallowing (Practical application 2006-5686) and the pillow for people with dysphagia (Practical application 2006-3373) are devised so that patients with dysphagia can easily maintain a slight forward flexion of the cervical spine. However, it is not possible to deal with hunched back only by supporting the head.

There is known a pillow (utility model registration No. 3221696) that can assist the maintenance of the posture of a hunched person to eat in a reclining posture and does not excessively fix the user's body, thereby reducing the burden on the patient. , the degree of hunched back, the degree of limited range of motion of the cervical spine, the presence or absence of primitive reflexes, etc. There is also a difference in physique, so it is not possible to respond to all patients.

Actual application 2006-5686 Actual application 2006-3373 Utility Model Registration No. 3221696

Eiichi Saito et al. Application of videofluorography in rehabilitation of dysphagia. Rehabilitation medicine. 23 (3) pp 121-124, 1986 Edited by the Medical Review Committee of the Japanese Society of Dysphagia Rehabilitation. Summary of training methods (2014 edition). Journal of the Daily Eating and Swallowing Rehabilitation Society. 18(1). pp55-89.2014 Nobumasa Suzuki. A study on the measurement and classification of posture in the Japanese - its changes with age - Nippon Orthopedic Journal 52. pp471-492.1978 Kazumasa Nakata. other. Posture of the Elderly <<Classification and Mechanism>>. Separate Volume Orthopedic Surgery 12: pp2-6.1987 Eiji Suzuki. Positioning of the neck and trunk in the elderly with dysphagia. Saitama medical society journal. Vol.55.1.pp255-259.2020 Eiji Suzuki. A case of central spinal cord injury with exacerbation of quadriplegia after a short stay. Saitama Comprehensive Rehabilitation Society Journal. Vol.20 No.1.pp7-9.2020

The present invention enables elderly people with dysphagia who have a hunched back and associated cervical spine flexion restriction to safely orally ingest regardless of the pathology of dysphagia, the degree of deformation of the cervical and thoracic vertebrae, the degree of limited range of motion, and the difference in physique. The purpose is to provide a pillow that is useful for maintaining posture.

In order to achieve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a cervical device for elderly people with dysphagia who have a hunched back and associated cervical spine flexion limitation, according to the pathology of dysphagia, the degree of deformation of the cervical and thoracic vertebrae, and the range of motion limitation. The semi-cylindrical column, the triangular column for the head, and the adjusting plate for the upper thoracic vertebrae are arranged and fixed with adhesives, and a cushioning mat is placed on top, and a non-slip mat is placed underneath.

Dysphagia with a round back and associated cervical spine flexion limitation Dysphagia in elderly people The placement of each part is determined and fixed with adhesive, and a cushioning mat is placed on top, and a non-slip mat is placed below. , dysphagia, degree of deformation of cervical vertebrae and thoracic vertebrae, degree of limited range of motion, and difference in physique.

1 shows the present invention used in supine position; Shows the progression of trunk deformation with aging. It shows a bed that can take a semi-furler position and a gatch bed that can bend the knees. Fig. 2 shows that the head of an elderly dysphagic patient with a hunchbacked dysphagia, as shown on the right, rises too much when using a bed that allows them to take a reclining posture. Each part for taking a mold according to the body shape and medical condition of the present invention is shown obliquely from the front. It shows that dysphagia can be compensated for by combining the present invention with a gatchbed mechanism. Fig. 2 shows that the hunched elderly person slips down on a bed with a reclining mechanism.

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the best mode for carrying out the invention shown in the drawings.

In the best mode for carrying out the present invention shown in FIGS. 1 and 5, 1 is a cushioning mat, 2 is a semi-cylinder for the neck, 3 is a triangular prism for the head, 4 is an adjustment plate for the upper thoracic vertebrae, and 5 is a slide. It is a stopping mat.

In order to match the shape of the deformed neck and upper thoracic vertebrae, a cushioning mat 1 was laid on the top, and a cervical semicylinder 2 with a diameter of 10 cm was placed to support the neck along the curve, with the head in a slightly flexed position. A triangular prism 3 for the head to guide is placed, and 2 to 5 adjustment plates 4 for upper thoracic vertebrae made of expanded polystyrene with a thickness of 3 cm are used. A non-slip mat 5 is laid at the bottom to prevent slipping on the bed sheets.

The triangular prism 3 for the head induces a posture in which the neck is slightly flexed, and the triangular prism 3 for the head has three types of inclination angles of 20 degrees, 40 degrees, and 60 degrees, and an appropriate one is selected and used from these. .

A dysphagia examination is performed, and the angle of the triangular prism 2 for the head, the number of adjustment plates 4 for the upper thoracic vertebrae are selected, and the arrangement of each part is determined so that the most suitable posture can be taken to compensate for dysphagia. .

After adhering each part of expanded polystyrene based on the result of molding, a cushioning mat 1 is put on the upper surface and a non-slip mat 5 is attached on the lower surface.

Depending on the shape of the hump, it is most suitable for compensating for dysphagia by not only using the present invention without raising the bed at all, as in FIG. 1, but also by combining the reclining mechanism of the Gatch bed, as in FIG. You can also consider your posture.

Nursing care beds often have a reclining mechanism for taking a posture called furler position or gudge-up posture as shown in FIG. These reclining mechanisms basically have a structure in which the mat folds at the level of the pelvis and hip joints to raise the upper body. As shown in Fig. 2, the deformity of the spine of the elderly is the addition of cervical extension and lumbar extension to the lordosis of the thoracic spine. Neck pain, back pain, and low back pain are likely to occur when such elderly people assume the supine position on a normal care bed.

As shown in Fig. 4, the head and neck cannot be kept at rest. I often see elderly people relaxing. However, with this method, the lower limbs become stuck on the bed.

When an elderly person with severe kyphosis is forced to assume a supine position, the cervical spine is forced to hyperextend, which may even cause cervical spinal cord injury (Non-Patent Document 6). Although we should consider changing the design of the thoracic vertebrae part of the nursing bed for elderly people with severe kyphosis deformation, the present invention is not only for dealing with dysphagia, but also when severely kyphosis elderly people take a supine position. It can also be used to prevent hyperextension of the cervical vertebrae.

1 Cushioning mat 2 Semi-cylinder for neck 3 Triangular prism for head 4 Adjusting plate for upper thoracic vertebrae 5 Non-slip mat

There is known a pillow (utility model registration No. 3221696) that can assist the maintenance of the posture of a hunched person to eat in a reclining posture and does not excessively fix the user's body, thereby reducing the burden on the patient. , the degree of hunched back, the degree of limited range of motion of the cervical spine, the presence or absence of primitive reflexes, etc. There is also a difference in physique, so it is not possible to respond to all patients. The height of the head that can be corrected with this device is about 10-15 cm above the bed. In our experience, it is not uncommon for the height of the head to exceed 30 cm above the bed in the corrected posture determined on the basis of the dysphagia examination.

In order to achieve the above objects, the present invention deals with the pathology of dysphagia in elderly people with dysphagia who have a hunched back and cervical vertebrae bending limitation, deformation of the cervical and thoracic vertebrae, and limited range of motion . It is characterized by determining the arrangement and number of parts of the semi-cylindrical column for the neck, the triangular column for the head, and the adjustment plate for the upper thoracic vertebrae, fixing them with adhesive, putting a cushioning mat on top, and a non-slip mat on the bottom.

Dysphagia with a round back and associated cervical spine flexion limitation In order to respond to the pathology of dysphagia in the elderly, deformation of the cervical and thoracic spine, and limited range of motion, a semi-cylindrical column for the neck, a triangular column for the head, and an upper thoracic spine are used. The arrangement and number of parts of the adjusting plate for the seat are determined and fixed with adhesive, and a cushioning mat is placed on top and a non-slip mat is placed underneath, resulting in a hunched back and cervical spine flexion limitation associated with it. To provide a pillow that helps elderly people with dysphagia to maintain their posture so that they can take food safely regardless of the pathology of dysphagia, the degree of deformation of the cervical vertebrae and thoracic vertebrae, the degree of limited range of motion, and the difference in physique. can.

A cushioning mat 1 is laid on the top, and a 10-cm-diameter semi-cylindrical column 2 for supporting the neck along the curve, and a triangular column 3 for the head that guides the head into a slightly flexed position are placed, with a thickness of 3 cm. Using 2 to 8 expanded polystyrene foamed polystyrene upper thoracic vertebrae adjustment plates 4, each part layout and number of parts are determined by molding for the pathology of dysphagia in elderly people with dysphagia, deformation of the cervical and thoracic vertebrae, and limited range of motion. It is adhered and fixed , and a non-slip mat 5 is spread on the bottom to prevent slipping on the bed sheet. As a result, it is possible to deal with deformations of the thoracic and cervical vertebrae that differ from each other at a high degree, to be stable even when the head is raised above the floor by 30 cm or more, and to maintain a corrected posture without sinking even after long-term use.

Claims (1)

Dysphagia with a round back and associated cervical spine flexion limitation Dysphagia in elderly people A pillow with a cushioning mat on top and a non-slip mat on the bottom.

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