JP2022126116A

JP2022126116A - Roof frame structure

Info

Publication number: JP2022126116A
Application number: JP2021024003A
Authority: JP
Inventors: 博之土合; Hiroyuki Doai; 辰弥小松原; Tatsuya Komatsubara; 大介田中; Daisuke Tanaka; 勝大伊佐治; Katsuhiro Isaji
Original assignee: Kajima Corp
Current assignee: Kajima Corp
Priority date: 2021-02-18
Filing date: 2021-02-18
Publication date: 2022-08-30

Abstract

To form a roof capable of covering over a field while suppressing lengths of main beams using a structure of spectator stands of a stadium.SOLUTION: A roof frame structure is constructed through processes of: separating a skeleton spectator stand structure 2 provided with spectator stands by enclosing a field from its surroundings at least into a one-directional structure 21 where the spectator stands are aligned in one direction of the field and an other-directional structure 22 where the spectator stands are aligned in the other direction of the field; supporting with both of side columns 31, 31 an oblique beam 41 installed between the side columns 31, 31 integrated on respective rear sides of the adjacent one-directional structure 21 and the other-directional structure 22; supporting with middle parts in an axial direction of both of the oblique beams 41, 41 roof support beams 5 installed between the middle parts in the axial direction of two oblique beams 41, 41 adjacent to one direction or the other direction of the field; and supporting with both of roof support beams 5, 5 a plurality of small beams 6 installed between the roof support beams 5, 5 opposite to each other.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

本発明は競技場の観客席の構造体を活用しながら、フィールドの上空を覆い得る屋根を形成する形態の屋根架構に関するものである。 BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a roof structure that forms a roof that can cover the field while utilizing the spectator seat structure of a stadium.

競技用のフィールドを周囲から包囲するように観客席が配置される競技場では通常、観客席を支持する躯体としての構造体の一部等に立設される柱間に屋根の骨組となるトラス梁を架設し、トラス梁に、観客席の上空を覆う屋根を支持させる形態が採られる。 At stadiums where spectator seats are arranged so as to surround the field for competition, trusses that form the framework of the roof between pillars that are erected on a part of the structure that supports the spectator seats. A form is adopted in which beams are erected and the truss beams support the roof covering the spectator seats.

具体的にはフィールドを挟み、フィールドの短辺方向、または長辺方向に対向する構造体の、フィールドに対して後方側に、対向する方向に直交する方向に並列させながら、柱を立設し、対向する柱間にトラス梁を架設する方法が考えられる。この方法では最長のトラス梁の長さがフィールドの長辺方向に観客席が配列する構造体の後方側間に亘る大きさになり、スパンが大きいため、梁成を大きくせざるを得ない。またトラス梁の並列方向の間隔を狭くせざるを得ないため、観客席での視界を遮る可能性が高まる。 Specifically, pillars are erected on the rear side of the field on the structure facing the short side or long side of the field while arranging them in parallel in a direction perpendicular to the facing direction. , a method of constructing a truss beam between the opposing columns is conceivable. In this method, the length of the longest truss beam is the size that extends to the rear side of the structure in which the spectator seats are arranged in the long side direction of the field, and because of the large span, the beam length must be increased. In addition, since the interval in the parallel direction of the truss beams has to be narrowed, the possibility of obstructing the view from the spectator seats increases.

これに対し、フィールドの長辺方向に対向する構造体間の、短辺方向両側にキールトラスを架設し、短辺方向に対向するキールトラス間に小梁を架設する方法がある。短辺方向に対向するキールトラスのみでは並列する小梁を密に配列することになるため、小梁間の間隔をより大きく確保する目的で、キールトラスをフィールドの短辺方向にも付加的に架設することも考えられる。 On the other hand, there is a method in which keel trusses are erected on both sides in the short side direction between structures facing each other in the long side direction of the field, and small girders are erected between the keel trusses facing in the short side direction. If only keel trusses facing each other in the direction of the short side would result in a dense array of parallel small beams, additional keel trusses should be erected in the direction of the short side of the field in order to ensure greater spacing between the small beams. is also conceivable.

この方法では長辺方向のキールトラスが短辺方向のキールトラスの軸方向中間部に支持される形になることで、長辺方向のキールトラスのスパンが短縮される利点がある。但し、いずれかの方向のキールトラスのスパンは実質的に上記方法と変わらないため、観客席での視界に影響がある。 This method has the advantage of shortening the span of the keel truss in the long side direction because the keel truss in the long side direction is supported by the axially intermediate portion of the keel truss in the short side direction. However, the span of the keel truss in either direction remains substantially the same as in the above method, thus affecting visibility in the auditorium.

一方、フィールドを包囲するように屋根支持梁を二方向に、井桁状に架設すると共に、井桁の四隅寄りに、二方向に交差する方向に斜め梁を架設することで、斜め梁のスパンを抑えながら、二方向の屋根支持梁のスパンを短縮させる方法がある（特許文献１参照）。只、この例では観客席の上空にのみ屋根を形成し、フィールドの上空を覆う屋根を形成することを想定していないため（段落００２４～００２６）、例えばフィールドの短辺方向に対向する屋根支持梁間に小梁を如何に架設するか、までは考慮されていない。二方向の屋根支持梁は斜め梁と交差するため、いずれかの方向に対向する屋根支持梁間に小梁を架設しようとすれば、一部の小梁は斜め梁に支持させることになり、小梁のスパンが変則的になる。 On the other hand, the span of the slanted beams is suppressed by constructing the roof support beams in two directions in a grid pattern to surround the field, and by constructing diagonal beams in the direction crossing the two directions near the four corners of the grids. However, there is a method of shortening the span of the roof support beams in two directions (see Patent Document 1). However, in this example, the roof is formed only over the spectator seats and is not assumed to be formed over the field (paragraphs 0024 to 0026). No consideration was given to how the small beams should be erected between the beams. Since the two-way roof support beams intersect with the slanted girders, if you attempt to construct a small girder between the roof support beams facing in either direction, some of the small girders will be supported by the slanted beams, resulting in a small Beam span becomes irregular.

特許文献１と同様、観客席の上空にのみ屋根を形成する例であるが、観客席の長辺方向両側に、屋根架構（屋根構造）を支持する立体架構を観客席とは分離して配置する方法がある（特許文献２参照）。この例の立体架構は観客席の長辺方向片側で３本の柱と隣接する柱間に架設される梁からなり、立体架構間に屋根梁が架設されることで、屋根架構を構成している（段落００２２～００２７）。屋根梁上に屋根を支持する小梁が架設されているが（段落００２２、００２９）、この例でもフィールド上空に屋根を配置することは想定されていない。 Similar to Patent Document 1, this is an example in which a roof is formed only over the spectator seats, but on both sides in the long side direction of the spectator seats, a three-dimensional structure that supports the roof structure (roof structure) is arranged separately from the spectator seats. There is a method for doing this (see Patent Document 2). The three-dimensional structure in this example consists of three pillars on one side in the long side direction of the audience seats and the beams installed between the adjacent pillars. (Paragraphs 0022-0027). Small beams are installed on the roof beams to support the roof (paragraphs 0022 and 0029), but this example does not assume that the roof is placed above the field.

特開２０１２－１２７９６号公報（請求項１、段落００２４～００３５、図１～図６）JP 2012-12796 A (claim 1, paragraphs 0024 to 0035, FIGS. 1 to 6) 特開２０１６－１４２１１６号公報（請求項１、段落００２２～００４２、図１～図４）Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2016-142116 (claim 1, paragraphs 0022 to 0042, FIGS. 1 to 4)

特許文献２では屋根架構と観客席を支持する構造体を分離させることで（段落００２２）、屋根架構の振動が構造体に伝達しないようにしていることが想像されるが、立体架構を構成する３本の柱を観客席の構造体から分離させることで、構造体とは完全に独立した柱を設置しなければならず、敷地の利用上も、構造上も効率的とは言い難い。 In Patent Document 2, it can be imagined that by separating the roof frame and the structure that supports the spectator seats (paragraph 0022), the vibration of the roof frame is prevented from being transmitted to the structure. By separating the three pillars from the spectator seating structure, it is necessary to install pillars that are completely independent of the structure, which is not efficient in terms of site utilization and structure.

本発明は上記背景より、観客席の構造体を活用しながら、フィールドの上空を覆い得る屋根を形成可能な屋根架構を提案するものである。 In view of the above background, the present invention proposes a roof structure capable of forming a roof capable of covering the sky above the field while utilizing the spectator seat structure.

請求項１に記載の屋根架構は、一方向とこれに交差する他方向を有するフィールドを周囲から包囲し、観客席を備えた躯体の観客席構造体の上空に架設される屋根架構であり、
前記観客席構造体が少なくとも前記観客席が前記フィールドの前記一方向に配列する一方向構造体と、前記他方向に配列する他方向構造体とに区分され、
隣接する前記一方向構造体と前記他方向構造体の各後方側に設置され、それぞれ前記一方向構造体と前記他方向構造体に一体化する側柱間に架設され、この両側柱に支持される斜め梁と、
前記フィールドの前記一方向、もしくは前記他方向に隣接する２本の前記斜め梁の軸方向中間部間に架設され、この両斜め梁の軸方向中間部に支持され、前記フィールドの前記他方向、もしくは前記一方向に対向する屋根支持梁と、
対向する前記屋根支持梁間に架設され、この両前記屋根支持梁に支持される複数本の小梁とを備えることを構成要件とする。 The roof frame according to claim 1 surrounds a field having one direction and the other direction intersecting with the field from the surroundings, and is a roof frame erected above a spectator seat structure with spectator seats,
The spectator seat structure is divided into a unidirectional structure in which at least the spectator seats are arranged in the one direction of the field and a other directional structure in which the spectator seats are arranged in the other direction,
It is installed on each rear side of the adjacent one-directional structure and the other-directional structure, is bridged between the side pillars integrated with the one-directional structure and the other-directional structure, and is supported by the two-side pillars. and a diagonal beam
It is bridged between the axial intermediate portions of the two diagonal beams adjacent in the one direction or the other direction of the field, supported by the axial intermediate portions of both diagonal beams, and the other direction of the field, Or with the roof support beams facing in the one direction,
A structural requirement is to include a plurality of small beams that are constructed between the opposing roof support beams and supported by both of the roof support beams.

「一方向とこれに交差する他方向を有するフィールド」とは、長辺方向と短辺方向等、フィールドを区画する線（ライン）の方向がいずれか一方向とこれに直交等、交差する方向を有することを言う。フィールドの平面形状は主に長方形であるが、正方形の場合には長辺と短辺の区別がないため、一方向と他方向と言う。フィールドの平面形状が長方形の場合、一方向は長辺方向か短辺方向を指し、他方向は短辺方向か長辺方向を指す。「観客席構造体」は観客席を支持する躯体としての構造体を言い、構造種別は主に鉄筋コンクリート造であるが、必ずしもこれには限られない。 "Field having one direction and another direction that intersects this" means that the direction of the lines that divide the field, such as the long side direction and the short side direction, is either one direction and the crossing direction, such as perpendicular to it. say to have The planar shape of the field is mainly a rectangle, but in the case of a square, there is no distinction between the long side and the short side, so it is called one direction and the other direction. When the planar shape of the field is rectangular, one direction indicates the direction of the long side or the direction of the short side, and the other direction indicates the direction of the short side or the direction of the long side. The "spectator seat structure" refers to a structure as a frame that supports the spectator seats, and the type of structure is mainly reinforced concrete, but is not necessarily limited to this.

請求項１における「観客席がフィールドの一方向に配列する」とは、フィールドの一方向に同一高さの観客席が配列することを言い、この配列の観客席構造体が一方向構造体２１である。「他方向に配列する」とは、フィールドの他方向に同一高さの観客席が配列することを言い、この配列の観客席構造体が他方向構造体２２である。観客席は段差が付いて配列する方向もあり、この段差の付く方向の前方側がフィールドに近い側、後方側がフィールドから遠い側であり、前方側から後方側へかけて上りになる。以下では同一高さの観客席が配列する方向を「配列方向」、段差が付いて配列する方向を「通路方向」と言う。 The phrase "spectator seats are arranged in one direction of the field" in claim 1 means that the spectator seats are arranged at the same height in one direction of the field. is. “Arranging in the other direction” means that spectator seats of the same height are arranged in the other direction of the field, and the spectator seat structure of this arrangement is the other direction structure 22 . There is also a direction in which the spectator seats are arranged with steps, and the front side of this stepped direction is the side closer to the field, and the rear side is the side farther from the field, and it goes up from the front side to the rear side. Hereinafter, the direction in which spectator seats of the same height are arranged is referred to as the "arrangement direction", and the direction in which the seats are arranged with steps is referred to as the "passage direction".

請求項１の「観客席構造体は少なくとも一方向構造体２１と他方向構造体２２とに区分され」とは、観客席構造体２が一方向構造体２１と他方向構造体２２のみからなる場合と、図１に示すように隣接する一方向構造体２１と他方向構造体２２との間に交差方向構造体２３が配置される場合（請求項２）があることを意味する。「隣接する」はフィールドの一方向と他方向の双方に交差する方向に隣接することを言う。交差方向構造体２３の観客席はフィールドの一方向と他方向に交差する方向に配列する。 ``The spectator seat structure is divided into at least one directional structure 21 and another directional structure 22'' in Claim 1 means that the spectator seat structure 2 consists of only one directional structure 21 and other directional structure 22. It means that there is a case (claim 2) where the cross-directional structure 23 is arranged between the adjacent unidirectional structure 21 and the other-directional structure 22 as shown in FIG. "Adjacent" means adjacent in a direction that intersects both one and the other direction of the field. The spectator seats of the cross direction structure 23 are arranged in a direction crossing one direction and the other direction of the field.

「隣接する一方向構造体２１と他方向構造体２２の各後方側に設置され、それぞれ一方向構造体２１と他方向構造体２１に一体化する側柱３１、３１」とは、一方向構造体２１の後方側と、他方向構造体２２の後方側のそれぞれに側柱３１、３１が設置（立設）され、各側柱３１が一方向構造体２１と他方向構造体２２に一体化することを言う。 "Side posts 31, 31 installed on the rear sides of the adjacent one-way structure 21 and the other-way structure 22 and integrated with the one-way structure 21 and the other-way structure 21, respectively" refer to the one-way structure Side posts 31 are installed (upright) on the rear side of the body 21 and the rear side of the other direction structure 22, respectively, and each side post 31 is integrated with the one direction structure 21 and the other direction structure 22. say to do

「後方側」は通路方向のフィールドから遠い側を指すが、必ずしも図１に示すような、一方向構造体２１と他方向構造体２２の最後方部とは限らない。「側柱３１、３１間に架設され、両側柱３１、３１に支持される斜め梁４１」とは、隣接する一方向構造体２１と他方向構造体２２のそれぞれに一体化した側柱３１、３１間に斜め梁４１が架設され、両側柱３１、３１に支持されることを言う。 The "rear side" refers to the side farther from the field in the path direction, but is not necessarily the rearmost portion of the one-way structure 21 and the other-way structure 22 as shown in FIG. The "slanted beam 41 bridged between the side pillars 31 and supported by the side pillars 31 and 31" means the side pillars 31 integrated with the adjacent unidirectional structures 21 and the other directional structures 22, respectively. It means that an oblique beam 41 is constructed between 31 and supported by the pillars 31, 31 on both sides.

斜め梁４１は隣接する一方向構造体２１と他方向構造体２２の各後方側に一体化した側柱３１、３１間に架設されることで、フィールドの一方向と他方向の双方に交差する二方向に架設される。一方向構造体２１、２１はフィールドを挟んで他方向に対向し、他方向構造体２２、２２はフィールドを挟んで一方向に対向するため、斜め梁４１は観客席構造体２の上空に４本、架設される。 The oblique beams 41 are installed between the side pillars 31, 31 integrated on the rear sides of the adjacent one-way structure 21 and the other-side structure 22, thereby intersecting both the one direction and the other direction of the field. It is erected in two directions. The unidirectional structures 21 and 21 face each other across the field, and the other directional structures 22 and 22 face each other across the field. The book is erected.

「フィールドの一方向、もしくは他方向に隣接する２本の斜め梁４１、４１」とは、２本の斜め梁４１、４１がフィールドの一方向か他方向に隣接した状態にある、または対向した状態にあることを言う。「２本の斜め梁４１、４１の軸方向中間部間に架設される屋根支持梁５」とは、フィールドの一方向か他方向に隣接、または対向した２本の斜め梁４１、４１の軸方向中間部間に屋根支持梁５が架設され、支持されることを言う。 "Two slanted beams 41, 41 adjacent in one or the other direction of the field" means that the two slanted beams 41, 41 are adjacent in one or the other direction of the field or face each other. Say you are in a state. "The roof support beam 5 constructed between the axial intermediate portions of the two slanted beams 41, 41" means the axis of the two slanted beams 41, 41 adjacent or facing each other in one or the other direction of the field. It means that the roof support beam 5 is constructed and supported between the direction intermediate parts.

４本の内、２本の斜め梁４１、４１間に１本の屋根支持梁５が架設される結果、屋根支持梁５、５は観客席構造体２の上空に２本、架設され、フィールドの他方向か一方向に対向する。小梁６は対向する屋根支持梁５、５間に架設され、両屋根支持梁５、５に支持される。小梁６は小梁６の幅方向に複数本、並列する。 Of the four beams, one roof support beam 5 is installed between two oblique beams 41, 41. As a result, two roof support beams 5, 5 are installed above the spectator seat structure 2, and the field facing in the other direction or in one direction. The small girders 6 are installed between the opposing roof support beams 5, 5 and supported by both roof support beams 5, 5. - 特許庁A plurality of small beams 6 are arranged in parallel in the width direction of the small beams 6 .

複数本の小梁６がフィールドの他方向か一方向に対向する屋根支持梁５、５間に架設されることで、小梁６はフィールドの上空を跨ぐように架設されるため、フィールドの上空を覆い得る屋根（屋根葺き材）を屋根支持梁５、５間に敷設することが可能になる。フィールド上の屋根は一旦、小梁６に支持されて対向する屋根支持梁５、５に支持され、各屋根支持梁５両側の斜め梁４１、４１を通じて側柱３１、３１に支持される。 By constructing a plurality of small beams 6 between the roof support beams 5, 5 facing each other in the other direction or one direction of the field, the small beams 6 are constructed so as to straddle the sky above the field. It is possible to lay a roof (roofing material) between the roof support beams 5, 5 that can cover the . The roof on the field is once supported by the small beams 6, supported by the opposing roof support beams 5, 5, and supported by the side pillars 31, 31 through the oblique beams 41, 41 on both sides of each roof support beam 5.

屋根架構１を構成し、屋根支持梁５を直接、支持する斜め梁４１を支持する側柱３１、３１が一方向構造体２１と他方向構造体２２の各後方側に一体化することで、側柱３１を観客席構造体２とは独立して設置する必要がなく、観客席構造体２の一部として設置すればよい。この結果、側柱３１自体の構造が単純化され、材料も節減される他、側柱３１を設置するための敷地を余分に確保する必要もなくなる。 By integrating the side posts 31, 31 that support the slanted beams 41 that constitute the roof frame 1 and directly support the roof support beams 5, to the rear sides of the unidirectional structure 21 and the other directional structure 22, It is not necessary to install the side pillars 31 independently of the spectator seat structure 2, and it is sufficient to install them as a part of the spectator seat structure 2. - 特許庁As a result, the structure of the side pillar 31 itself is simplified, the material is saved, and there is no need to secure an extra site for installing the side pillar 31 .

また屋根支持梁５を支持する斜め梁４１が、隣接する一方向構造体２１と他方向構造体２２のそれぞれの後方側に一体化した側柱３１、３１間に架設され、両側柱３１、３１に支持されることで、競技場の平面上、斜め梁４１を観客席構造体２の後方側よりフィールド寄りに配置することが可能になる。結果として、小梁６を直接、支持する屋根支持梁５を隣接する斜め梁４１、４１に支持させることで、屋根支持梁５を対向する一方向構造体２１、２１の後方側間、または他方向構造体２２、２２の後方側間に架設する場合より、屋根支持梁５の両端間区間（スパン）が短縮されるため、屋根支持梁５の成を抑制することが可能になる。「平面上、」とは、平面図として見たとき、の意味である。 The diagonal beams 41 supporting the roof support beams 5 are installed between the side pillars 31, 31 integrated on the rear side of the adjacent unidirectional structure 21 and the other directional structure 22, respectively. By being supported by , it becomes possible to arrange the oblique beams 41 closer to the field than the rear side of the spectator seat structure 2 on the plane of the stadium. As a result, by having the roof support beam 5 that directly supports the small beam 6 supported by the adjacent diagonal beams 41, 41, the roof support beam 5 can be placed between the rear sides of the opposing unidirectional structures 21, 21, or other Since the span between both ends of the roof support beam 5 is shortened compared to the case where the roof support beam 5 is installed between the rear sides of the directional structures 22, 22, it is possible to suppress the roof support beam 5 from growing. By "in plan," is meant when viewed as a plan view.

上記のように隣接する一方向構造体２１と他方向構造体２２との間に交差方向構造体２３が配置される場合（請求項２）には、観客席構造体２は図２に示すように一方向構造体２１と他方向構造体２２と、隣接する一方向構造体２１と他方向構造体２２との間に位置する交差方向構造体２３とに区分される。この場合、交差方向構造体２３の後方側の、観客席の配列方向両側に隅柱３２、３２が設置（立設）され、交差方向構造体２３に一体化する。「観客席の配列方向両側」は両端部とは限らず、両端部寄りを含む。 When the cross-direction structure 23 is arranged between the adjacent one-direction structure 21 and the other-direction structure 22 as described above (claim 2), the spectator seat structure 2 is arranged as shown in FIG. unidirectional structure 21, the other directional structure 22, and the cross directional structure 23 located between the adjacent unidirectional structure 21 and the other directional structure 22. As shown in FIG. In this case, corner pillars 32 , 32 are installed (upright) on both sides in the arrangement direction of the audience seats on the rear side of the cross-direction structure 23 and integrated with the cross-direction structure 23 . "Both sides in the direction in which spectator seats are arranged" is not limited to both ends, but includes near both ends.

この隅柱３２、３２間に後方側斜め梁４２が架設され、両隅柱３２、３２に支持される。交差方向構造体２３の後方側の両側には一方向構造体２１と他方向構造体２２が接続するため、隅柱３２が交差方向構造体２３の、観客席の配列方向両端部に位置する場合、隅柱３２は一方向構造体２１と他方向構造体２２にも一体化する。両端部寄りの場合、隅柱３２は交差方向構造体２３にのみ、一体化する。後方側斜め梁４２はフィールドを包囲する４箇所の交差方向構造体２３の後方側に位置するため、観客席構造体２の上空に４本、架設される。隅柱３２、３２は後方側斜め梁４２の軸方向両側に位置する。 A rear oblique beam 42 is constructed between the corner posts 32 , 32 and supported by both corner posts 32 , 32 . Since the one-direction structure 21 and the other-direction structure 22 are connected to both sides of the rear side of the cross-direction structure 23, when the corner posts 32 are positioned at both ends of the cross-direction structure 23 in the direction in which the audience seats are arranged. , the corner posts 32 are integrated with the unidirectional structure 21 and the other directional structure 22 as well. In the case of nearing both ends, the corner post 32 is integrated only with the cross direction structure 23 . Since the rear oblique beams 42 are positioned behind the four cross-direction structures 23 surrounding the field, four of them are constructed over the spectator seat structure 2 . The corner posts 32 , 32 are located on both axial sides of the rear oblique beam 42 .

隣接する後方側斜め梁４２、４２の軸方向中間部間に平面上、互いに直交する直交梁７、７が架設され、両後方側斜め梁４２、４２に支持される。後方側斜め梁４２の軸方向中間部は交差方向構造体２３への隅柱３２の接合位置以外の部分を指す。 Orthogonal beams 7 , 7 orthogonal to each other on a plane are constructed between the axially intermediate portions of the adjacent rear oblique beams 42 , 42 and are supported by both rear oblique beams 42 , 42 . The axial intermediate portion of the rear oblique beam 42 indicates a portion other than the joining position of the corner post 32 to the transverse structure 23 .

直交梁７、７は基本的にフィールドの一方向と他方向に平行に架設される結果、互いに直交し、観客席構造体２の上空に４本、架設される。１本の後方側斜め梁４２は軸方向中間部の２箇所で二方向の直交梁７、７を支持する。隣接する直交梁７、７の軸方向中間部間に前方側斜め梁４３が架設される。前方側斜め梁４３は各交差方向構造体２３上で後方側斜め梁４２と平行に架設される。 The orthogonal beams 7 , 7 are basically installed in parallel in one direction and the other direction of the field, so that they are orthogonal to each other and four are installed above the spectator seat structure 2 . One rear oblique beam 42 supports the orthogonal beams 7, 7 in two directions at two axial intermediate portions. A front oblique beam 43 is constructed between the axially intermediate portions of the adjacent orthogonal beams 7 , 7 . The front oblique beams 43 are constructed parallel to the rear oblique beams 42 on each cross direction structure 23 .

直交梁７と前方側斜め梁４３との接合位置の下に、前方側斜め梁４３を支持する中柱３３が設置（立設）され、一方向構造体２１と他方向構造体２２に一体化する。中柱３３は図４に示すように直交梁７の下に配置されるため、直交梁７も支持する。中柱３３、３３は前方側斜め梁４３の軸方向両側の下に位置し、直交梁７の軸方向中間部の下に位置する。 A central pillar 33 supporting the front diagonal beam 43 is installed (upright) under the joining position between the orthogonal beam 7 and the front diagonal beam 43, and integrated with the one-directional structural body 21 and the other-directional structural body 22. do. Since the center pillar 33 is arranged below the orthogonal beam 7 as shown in FIG. 4, it also supports the orthogonal beam 7 . The middle pillars 33 , 33 are located under both axial sides of the front oblique beam 43 and under the axial middle part of the orthogonal beam 7 .

フィールドの一方向、もしくは他方向に隣接する２本の前方側斜め梁４３、４３の軸方向中間部間に、フィールドの他方向、もしくは一方向に対向する屋根支持梁５が架設され、両前方側斜め梁４３の軸方向中間部に支持される。４本の内、２本の前方側斜め梁４３、４３間に屋根支持梁５が架設されることで、屋根支持梁５、５は観客席構造体２の上空に２本、架設され、フィールドの他方向か一方向に対向する。対向する屋根支持梁５、５間に小梁６が架設され、両屋根支持梁５、５に支持される。小梁６は小梁６の幅方向に複数本、並列する。 A roof support beam 5 facing in the other direction or one direction of the field is constructed between the axially intermediate portions of the two front diagonal beams 43, 43 adjacent in one direction or the other direction of the field. It is supported by the axially intermediate portion of the oblique side beam 43 . By installing the roof support beams 5 between two of the four diagonal beams 43, 43 on the front side, two roof support beams 5, 5 are installed above the spectator seat structure 2, and the field facing in the other direction or in one direction. A small beam 6 is installed between the opposing roof support beams 5, 5 and supported by both roof support beams 5, 5. - 特許庁A plurality of small beams 6 are arranged in parallel in the width direction of the small beams 6 .

この場合（請求項２）にも、屋根架構１を構成し、屋根支持梁５を直接、支持する前方側斜め梁４３の軸方向両側に位置する中柱３３が一方向構造体２１と他方向構造体２２に一体化し、後方側斜め梁４２の軸方向両側に位置する隅柱３２が交差方向構造体２３に一体化することで、中柱３３と隅柱３２を観客席構造体２とは独立して設置する必要がない。この結果、中柱３３と隅柱３２の構造が単純化され、材料も節減される他、中柱３３と隅柱３２設置のための敷地を余分に確保する必要もない。 In this case (claim 2) as well, the central pillars 33 located on both sides in the axial direction of the front diagonal beams 43 that constitute the roof frame 1 and directly support the roof support beams 5 are connected to the one-directional structure 21 and the other direction. The central pillars 33 and the corner pillars 32 are separated from the spectator seat structure 2 by integrating with the structural body 22 and integrating the corner pillars 32 located on both sides in the axial direction of the rear oblique beam 42 with the transverse direction structural body 23. No need to install separately. As a result, the structures of the central pillars 33 and the corner pillars 32 are simplified, materials are saved, and there is no need to secure an extra site for installing the central pillars 33 and the corner pillars 32 .

また屋根支持梁５を支持する前方側斜め梁４３が、一方向構造体２１と他方向構造体２２に一体化した中柱３３、３３間に架設され、両中柱３３、３３に支持されることで、競技場の平面上、前方側斜め梁４３を観客席構造体２の後方側よりフィールド寄りに配置することが可能になる。結果として小梁６を直接、支持する屋根支持梁５を隣接する前方側斜め梁４３、４３に支持させることで、屋根支持梁５を対向する一方向構造体２１、または他方向構造体２２の後方側間に架設する場合より、屋根支持梁５の両端間区間（スパン）が短縮されるため、屋根支持梁５の成を抑制することが可能になる。 Further, the front oblique beam 43 supporting the roof support beam 5 is constructed between the central pillars 33, 33 integrated with the one-directional structural body 21 and the other-directional structural body 22, and is supported by both the central pillars 33, 33. This makes it possible to arrange the front side oblique beam 43 closer to the field than the rear side of the spectator seat structure 2 on the plane of the stadium. As a result, the roof support beam 5 that directly supports the small beam 6 is supported by the adjacent front diagonal beams 43, 43, so that the roof support beam 5 can be attached to the facing one-way structure 21 or the other direction structure 22. Since the interval (span) between both ends of the roof support beam 5 is shortened compared to the case where the roof support beam 5 is erected between the rear sides, it is possible to suppress the growth of the roof support beam 5 .

加えて複数本の小梁６がフィールドの他方向、もしくは一方向に対向する屋根支持梁５、５間に架設されることで、小梁６はフィールドの上空を跨ぐように架設されるため、フィールドの上空を覆い得る屋根材（屋根葺き材）１０を屋根支持梁５、５間に敷設することが可能になる。フィールド上の屋根は一旦、小梁６に支持されて対向する屋根支持梁５、５に支持され、各屋根支持梁５両側の前方側斜め梁４３、４３を通じて中柱３３、３３に支持される。屋根の荷重の一部は直交梁７、７と後方側斜め梁４２、４２を通じて隅柱３２、３２に支持される。 In addition, a plurality of small beams 6 are installed between the roof support beams 5, 5 facing in the other direction of the field or in one direction, so that the small beams 6 are installed so as to straddle the sky of the field. A roofing material (roofing material) 10 capable of covering the sky above the field can be laid between the roof support beams 5,5. The roof on the field is once supported by the small beams 6, supported by the opposing roof support beams 5, 5, and supported by the center pillars 33, 33 through the front diagonal beams 43, 43 on both sides of each roof support beam 5. . A part of the load of the roof is supported by the corner posts 32, 32 through the orthogonal beams 7, 7 and the rear oblique beams 42, 42.

小梁を支持する、対向する屋根支持梁を間接的に支持する側柱、または隅柱と中柱を観客席を備えた観客席構造体に一体化させるため、側柱、または隅柱と中柱を観客席構造体とは独立して設置する必要がない。この結果、側柱、または隅柱と中柱の構造が単純化され、材料も節減される上、側柱、または隅柱と中柱設置のための敷地を余分に確保する必要が生じない。 Side posts or corner posts and center posts to support the stilts and indirectly support the opposing roof support beams, or corner and center posts, to integrate into the auditorium structure with spectator seating. There is no need to install the columns independently of the auditorium structure. As a result, the structure of the side pillars or the corner pillars and the central pillars is simplified, the materials are saved, and there is no need to secure extra sites for installing the side pillars or the corner pillars and the central pillars.

また屋根支持梁を支持する斜め梁、または前方側斜め梁を、一方向構造体と他方向構造体に一体化した側柱間、または中柱間に架設し、両側柱、または両中柱に支持させるため、競技場の平面上、斜め梁、または前方側斜め梁を観客席構造体の後方側よりフィールド寄りに配置することができる。この結果、屋根支持梁を対向する一方向構造体、または他方向構造体の後方側間に架設する場合より、屋根支持梁の両端間区間（スパン）を短縮することができ、屋根支持梁の成を抑制することができる。 In addition, the slanted beams that support the roof support beams or the front side slanted beams are installed between the side pillars that are integrated with the one-way structure and the other direction structure, or between the center pillars. In order to provide support, diagonal beams or front diagonal beams may be placed closer to the field than the rear of the spectator seating structure in the plane of the stadium. As a result, the span between the ends of the roof support beam can be shortened compared to the case where the roof support beam is erected between the opposite unidirectional structures or the rear side of the unidirectional structure. growth can be suppressed.

加えて複数本の小梁をフィールドの他方向、もしくは一方向に対向する屋根支持梁間に架設するため、小梁をフィールドの上空を跨ぐように架設することができ、フィールドの上空を覆い得る屋根を屋根支持梁間に敷設することができる。 In addition, since a plurality of small beams are erected between the roof support beams facing in the other direction of the field or in one direction, the small beams can be erected so as to straddle the sky of the field, and the roof that can cover the sky of the field. can be laid between the roof support beams.

対向する屋根支持梁を支持する斜め梁を一方向構造体と他方向構造体に一体化した側柱間に架設し、支持させた場合の屋根架構の構成例を示した平面図である。FIG. 4 is a plan view showing a configuration example of a roof frame in which oblique beams that support opposing roof support beams are installed between side pillars that are integrated with the unidirectional structure and the other directional structure and supported. 隣接する一方向構造体と他方向構造体との間に交差方向構造体が配置され、交差方向構造体の両側に一体化した隅柱間に後方側斜め梁が架設され、後方側斜め梁間に直交梁が架設され、直交梁間に、対向する屋根支持梁を支持する前方側斜め梁を架設した場合の屋根架構の構成例を示した平面図である。A cross-direction structure is placed between the adjacent one-direction structure and the other-direction structure. FIG. 2 is a plan view showing a configuration example of a roof frame in which orthogonal beams are installed and front-side oblique beams for supporting opposing roof support beams are installed between the orthogonal beams. 図２に示す屋根架構の変形例を示した平面図である。FIG. 3 is a plan view showing a modification of the roof frame shown in FIG. 2; 図２に示す屋根架構と隅柱及び中柱の関係を示した斜視図である。FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing the relationship between the roof frame shown in FIG. 2 and the corner pillars and center pillars; 図４に示す屋根架構を図４とは異なる角度から見た状況を示した斜視図である。FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing a situation in which the roof frame shown in FIG. 4 is viewed from an angle different from that in FIG. 4; 図２のｘ－ｘ線の断面図である。3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line xx of FIG. 2; FIG.

図１は一方向とこれに交差する他方向を有するフィールドを周囲から包囲し、観客席を備えた躯体としての観客席構造体２の上空に架設される屋根架構１の構成例と観客席構造体２との関係を示す。観客席構造体２は少なくとも観客席がフィールドの長辺方向等の一方向に配列する一方向構造体２１と、短辺方向等の他方向に配列する他方向構造体２２とに区分される。フィールドは少なくとも対向する一方向構造体２１、２１と対向する他方向構造体２２、２２に包囲された地盤上、あるいは床面上の領域を指す。観客席構造体２は主に鉄筋コンクリート造、鉄骨鉄筋コンクリート造等で構築されるが、種別は問われない。 FIG. 1 shows an example of the configuration of a roof structure 1 erected above an audience seat structure 2 as a framework having audience seats surrounding a field having one direction and the other direction intersecting with it, and the audience seat structure. Relation to body 2 is shown. The spectator seat structure 2 is divided into at least one directional structure 21 in which spectator seats are arranged in one direction such as the long side direction of the field and another direction structure 22 in which the spectator seats are arranged in another direction such as the short side direction. The field refers to an area on the ground or on the floor surrounded by at least the opposing unidirectional structures 21 and 21 and the opposing other directional structures 22 and 22 . The spectator seat structure 2 is mainly constructed of reinforced concrete, steel-framed reinforced concrete, etc., but the type is not limited.

図１では観客席がフィールドの一方向と他方向に交差する方向に配列する交差方向構造体２３が隣接する一方向構造体２１と他方向構造体２２との間に配置された場合の例を示している。但し、一方向に付き、斜め梁４１が１本、架設される図１に示す例では交差方向構造体２３はなく、一方向構造体２１と他方向構造体２２が直接、接触（接続）する場合もある。 FIG. 1 shows an example in which a cross-direction structure 23 in which spectator seats are arranged in a direction intersecting one direction and the other direction of the field is arranged between adjacent one-direction structures 21 and other-direction structures 22 . showing. However, in the example shown in FIG. 1, in which one diagonal beam 41 is installed in one direction, there is no cross-direction structure 23, and the one-direction structure 21 and the other-direction structure 22 are in direct contact (connection). In some cases.

一方向構造体２１の後方側の２箇所と、他方向構造体２２の後方側の２箇所のそれぞれに、フィールドの上空で対向する屋根支持梁５、５を受ける斜め梁４１を支持する側柱３１、３１が立設（設置）され、一方向構造体２１と他方向構造体２２に一体化する。図１中、斜め梁４１の軸方向両端部の白丸が側柱３１を示す。一方向構造体２１の２本の側柱３１、３１と、他方向構造体２２の２本の側柱３１、３１は観客席の配列方向に間隔を置いて配置される。「後方側」はフィールドから遠い側を指す。 Side posts supporting slanted beams 41 that receive the roof support beams 5, 5 facing each other above the field at two locations on the rear side of the one-way structure 21 and two locations on the rear side of the other-direction structure 22, respectively. 31 , 31 are erected (installed) and integrated with the unidirectional structure 21 and the other directional structure 22 . In FIG. 1 , white circles at both ends of the diagonal beam 41 in the axial direction indicate the side posts 31 . The two side pillars 31, 31 of the unidirectional structural body 21 and the two side pillars 31, 31 of the other directional structural body 22 are spaced apart in the direction in which the audience seats are arranged. "Rear side" refers to the side farther from the field.

「一体化する」とは、一方向構造体２１と他方向構造体２２における側柱３１の立設位置の躯体が側柱３１の一部になっていることを言う。側柱３１は一方向構造体２１と他方向構造体２２に一体化するため、基本的には観客席構造体２と同一の構造で構築されるが、必ずしもその必要はなく、鉄骨造の場合もある。後述の隅柱３２と中柱３３も同様である。 “Integrated” means that the frame of the one-way structure 21 and the other-way structure 22 at the standing position of the side post 31 is part of the side post 31 . Since the side pillars 31 are integrated with the unidirectional structure 21 and the other directional structure 22, they are basically constructed with the same structure as the spectator seat structure 2, but this is not always necessary. There is also The same applies to corner posts 32 and center posts 33, which will be described later.

斜め梁４１は隣接する一方向構造体２１と他方向構造体２２の、互いに近い側に位置する側柱３１、３１間に架設され、軸方向両端部において両側柱３１、３１に支持される。斜め梁４１には図４、図５に示すようなトラス梁が主に使用されるが、それには限定されない。図４、図５は図２に示す形態の屋根架構１の各梁と各柱の関係を、観客席構造体２を省略して示している。 The oblique beam 41 is bridged between the side posts 31, 31 located near each other of the adjacent one-way structure 21 and the other-side structure 22, and is supported by both side posts 31, 31 at both ends in the axial direction. A truss beam as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 is mainly used as the oblique beam 41, but is not limited thereto. 4 and 5 show the relationship between each beam and each column of the roof frame 1 of the form shown in FIG. 2, with the audience seat structure 2 omitted.

屋根支持梁５は図１に示すようにフィールドの一方向、もしくは他方向に隣接する、あるいは対向する２本の斜め梁４１、４１の軸方向中間部間に架設される。この関係で、１本の斜め梁４１は軸方向中間部で屋根支持梁５の軸方向の一方の端部を支持するため、斜め梁４１は観客席構造体２の上空に４本、架設される。「軸方向中間部」は軸方向両端部以外の区間を指す。斜め梁４１の軸方向両端部は側柱３１、３１の頂部等にはピン接合、もしくは半剛接合、または剛接合される。以下ではピン接合等と言う。斜め梁４１の一方の端部は熱伸縮を許容するために、スライド自在に支持（ローラ接合）されることもある。 As shown in FIG. 1, the roof support beam 5 is spanned between axial intermediate portions of two diagonal beams 41, 41 adjacent or facing each other in one or the other direction of the field. In this relationship, since one diagonal beam 41 supports one axial end of the roof support beam 5 at its axially intermediate portion, four diagonal beams 41 are installed above the spectator seat structure 2 . be. “Axial intermediate portion” refers to a section other than the axial end portions. Both ends in the axial direction of the slanted beam 41 are connected to the tops of the side posts 31, 31 or the like by pin connection, semi-rigid connection, or rigid connection. Hereinafter, it will be referred to as a pin joint or the like. One end of the oblique beam 41 may be slidably supported (roller jointed) to allow thermal expansion and contraction.

屋根支持梁５、５はフィールドの上空に幅方向に並列して架設される複数本の小梁６を支持する。この関係で屋根支持梁５、５は観客席構造体２の上空に２本、架設され、軸方向両端部において斜め梁４１、４１の軸方向中間部に支持される。図１中、屋根支持梁５の軸方向両端部の白丸が斜め梁４１との接合部を示す。 The roof support beams 5, 5 support a plurality of small beams 6 that are installed in parallel in the width direction above the field. In this relationship, two roof support beams 5, 5 are installed above the spectator seat structure 2, and both ends in the axial direction are supported by the intermediate portions in the axial direction of the oblique beams 41, 41. As shown in FIG. In FIG. 1 , white circles at both ends of the roof support beam 5 in the axial direction indicate joints with the oblique beams 41 .

図１は屋根支持梁５、５がフィールドを挟んでその短辺方向（他方向）に対向する場合の例を示しているが、長辺方向（一方向）に対向する場合もある。その場合、屋根支持梁５はフィールドの短辺方向（他方向）に隣接（対向）する斜め梁４１、４１間に架設される。屋根支持梁５にも図４、図５に示すように主にトラス梁が使用されるが、それには限定されない。屋根支持梁５の軸方向両端部も斜め梁４１、４１にはにピン接合等されるが、一方の端部はスライド自在に支持されることもある。屋根支持梁５の端部と斜め梁４１との接合部は例えば図４、図５に示すようにトラス梁同士等の接合になる。この場合、屋根支持梁５の上下弦材が斜め梁４１の上下弦材間に挟まるような形で、互いにピン接合等される。 FIG. 1 shows an example in which the roof support beams 5, 5 face each other across the field in the short side direction (the other direction), but they may face in the long side direction (one direction). In that case, the roof support beam 5 is constructed between the oblique beams 41, 41 adjacent (opposing) in the short side direction (other direction) of the field. Although truss beams are mainly used for the roof support beams 5 as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, they are not limited to this. Both ends of the roof support beam 5 in the axial direction are also pinned to the oblique beams 41, 41, but one end may be slidably supported. The joints between the ends of the roof support beams 5 and the oblique beams 41 are joints between truss beams as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, for example. In this case, the upper and lower chord members of the roof support beam 5 are pin-joined to each other in such a manner that they are sandwiched between the upper and lower chord members of the oblique beam 41 .

対向する２本の屋根支持梁５、５間に複数本の小梁６が架設され、軸方向両端部において両屋根支持梁５、５に支持される。小梁６にも図４～図６に示すように主にトラス梁が使用されるが、それには限定されない。複数本の小梁６は基本的には幅方向に等間隔に配列する。小梁６の軸方向両端部も屋根支持梁５、５にはピン接合等されるが、一方の端部はスライド自在に支持されることもある。屋根材（屋根葺き材）１０は図６に示すように基本的にフィールドと観客席構造体２の全体の上空を覆うように敷設される。図６は図２の縦断面を示すが、屋根支持梁５と小梁６は図１に示す例と同一である。 A plurality of small beams 6 are constructed between two opposing roof support beams 5, 5 and supported by both roof support beams 5, 5 at both ends in the axial direction. A truss beam is mainly used as the small beam 6 as shown in FIGS. 4 to 6, but it is not limited to this. A plurality of small beams 6 are basically arranged at equal intervals in the width direction. Both ends of the small beam 6 in the axial direction are also pinned to the roof support beams 5, 5, but one end may be slidably supported. A roofing material (roofing material) 10 is laid so as to basically cover the entire sky above the field and spectator seat structure 2 as shown in FIG. FIG. 6 shows the longitudinal section of FIG. 2, but the roof support beams 5 and girders 6 are the same as in the example shown in FIG.

小梁６と小梁６上に敷設される屋根材１０の荷重は小梁６の軸方向両端部の屋根支持梁５、５に分散して伝達される。屋根材１０を含む小梁６と屋根支持梁５の荷重は屋根支持梁５、５からその軸方向両端部の斜め梁４１、４１に分散して伝達される。斜め梁４１に伝達された荷重と斜め梁４１の荷重はその軸方向両端部の側柱３１、３１に分散して伝達される。 The load of the small beam 6 and the roofing material 10 laid on the small beam 6 is distributed and transmitted to the roof support beams 5, 5 at both ends of the small beam 6 in the axial direction. The load of the small beams 6 including the roof material 10 and the roof support beams 5 is distributed and transmitted from the roof support beams 5, 5 to the slanted beams 41, 41 at both ends in the axial direction. The load transmitted to the oblique beam 41 and the load of the oblique beam 41 are distributed and transmitted to the side posts 31, 31 at both ends in the axial direction.

図２は観客席構造体２の上空に架設される屋根架構１の他の構成例と観客席構造体２との関係を示す。この例では図１に示す例での斜め梁４１に相当する前方側斜め梁４３の後方側に、観客席構造体２の後方側に一体化する隅柱３２、３２に支持される後方側斜め梁４２を前方側斜め梁４３と平行に架設している。この関係で、観客席構造体２が一方向構造体２１と他方向構造体２２と、隣接する一方向構造体２１と他方向構造体２２との間に位置する交差方向構造体２３とに区分されている。交差方向構造体２３の観客席はフィールドの長辺方向（一方向）と短辺方向（他方向）の双方に交差する方向に配列する。後方側斜め梁４２にも主にトラス梁が使用されるが、それには限定されない。図４、図５では後方側斜め梁４２を簡略化して示している。 FIG. 2 shows the relationship between the spectator seat structure 2 and another structural example of the roof structure 1 constructed over the spectator seat structure 2 . In this example, on the rear side of the front diagonal beam 43 corresponding to the diagonal beam 41 in the example shown in FIG. A beam 42 is installed in parallel with the front oblique beam 43 . In this relationship, the spectator seat structure 2 is divided into a unidirectional structure 21, an other directional structure 22, and a cross directional structure 23 located between the adjacent unidirectional structure 21 and the other directional structure 22. It is The spectator seats of the cross direction structure 23 are arranged in a direction crossing both the long side direction (one direction) and the short side direction (other direction) of the field. A truss beam is also mainly used for the rear oblique beam 42, but is not limited to this. 4 and 5 show the rear oblique beam 42 in a simplified manner.

隅柱３２、３２は交差方向構造体２３の後方側の、観客席の配列方向両側に立設され、交差方向構造体２３に一体化する。図面では隅柱３２、３２を観客席の配列方向両端部に配置した場合の例を示しているが、配列方向両側は両端部とは限らず、両端部寄りの場合もある。図２では隅柱３２と後述の中柱３３を黒丸で示している。 The corner pillars 32 , 32 are erected on both sides in the arrangement direction of the spectator seats on the rear side of the cross-direction structure 23 and integrated with the cross-direction structure 23 . The drawing shows an example in which the corner posts 32, 32 are arranged at both ends in the arrangement direction of the audience seats, but both sides in the arrangement direction are not limited to both ends, and may be near both ends. In FIG. 2, the corner posts 32 and the later-described center posts 33 are indicated by black circles.

交差方向構造体２３の配列方向の両側には一方向構造体２１と他方向構造体２２が接続するため、隅柱３２、３２が配列方向両端部に配置された図２の例では隅柱３２、３２が一方向構造体２１と他方向構造体２２にも一体化することになる。後方側斜め梁４２は隅柱３２、３２間に架設され、軸方向両端部において両隅柱３２、３２に支持される。 Since the unidirectional structure 21 and the other directional structure 22 are connected to both sides of the cross-direction structure 23 in the arrangement direction, in the example of FIG. , 32 are integrated with the unidirectional structure 21 and the other directional structure 22 as well. The rear oblique beam 42 is laid between the corner posts 32, 32 and supported by both corner posts 32, 32 at both ends in the axial direction.

隣接する、あるいは対向する後方側斜め梁４２、４２の軸方向中間部間に平面上、互いに直交する直交梁７、７が架設され、軸方向両端部において両後方側斜め梁４２、４２の軸方向中間部に支持される。直交梁７の軸方向両端部も後方側斜め梁４２にはピン接合等されるが、一方の端部はスライド自在に支持されることもある。直交梁７にも主にトラス梁が使用されるが、それには限定されない。図４、図５では直交梁７を簡略化して示している。 Orthogonal beams 7, 7 which are orthogonal to each other on a plane are constructed between the axially intermediate portions of the rear oblique beams 42, 42 adjacent or facing each other, and the axes of the rear oblique beams 42, 42 are aligned at both ends in the axial direction. It is supported in the middle part of the direction. Both ends of the orthogonal beam 7 in the axial direction are also pin-joined to the rear oblique beam 42, but one end may be slidably supported. A truss beam is also mainly used for the orthogonal beam 7, but it is not limited to this. 4 and 5 show the orthogonal beams 7 in a simplified manner.

隣接する直交梁７、７の軸方向中間部間に、後方側斜め梁４２に平行に前方側斜め梁４３が架設され、軸方向両端部において直交梁７、７に支持される。前方側斜め梁４３の軸方向両端部も直交梁７にはピン接合等されるが、一方の端部はスライド自在に支持されることもある。前方側斜め梁４３にも図４、図５に示すように主にトラス梁が使用されるが、それには限定されない。 A front oblique beam 43 is constructed parallel to the rear oblique beam 42 between the axially intermediate portions of the adjacent orthogonal beams 7 , 7 , and is supported by the orthogonal beams 7 , 7 at both axial end portions. Both ends in the axial direction of the front oblique beam 43 are also pin-joined to the orthogonal beam 7, but one end may be slidably supported. A truss beam is mainly used for the front oblique beam 43 as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, but is not limited to this.

直交梁７と前方側斜め梁４３との接合位置の下に前方側斜め梁４３を支持する中柱３３が設置される。中柱３３は直交梁７の下に配置されるため、直交梁７も支持する。中柱３３は一方向構造体２１の通路方向の中間部と、他方向構造体２２の通路方向の中間部に設置され、一方向構造体２１と他方向構造体２２に一体化する。 A center post 33 for supporting the front oblique beam 43 is installed under the joining position between the orthogonal beam 7 and the front oblique beam 43 . Since the center pillar 33 is arranged below the orthogonal beam 7 , it also supports the orthogonal beam 7 . The middle pillars 33 are installed at the middle portion of the one-way structure 21 in the passage direction and the middle portion of the other-direction structure 22 in the passage direction, and the one-way structure 21 and the other-direction structure 22 are integrated.

フィールドの一方向、もしくは他方向に隣接する、あるいは対向する２本の前方側斜め梁４３、４３の軸方向中間部間に前記の屋根支持梁５が架設され、両前方側斜め梁４３の軸方向中間部に支持される。屋根支持梁５、５は観客席構造体２の上空に２本、架設され、フィールドの他方向、もしくは一方向に対向する。屋根支持梁５の軸方向両端部も前方側斜め梁４３にはピン接合等されるが、一方の端部はスライド自在に支持されることもある。 The roof support beam 5 is installed between the axial intermediate portions of the two front diagonal beams 43, 43 adjacent or facing each other in one direction or the other direction of the field. It is supported in the middle part of the direction. Two roof support beams 5, 5 are installed above the spectator seat structure 2 and face the other direction or one direction of the field. Both axial ends of the roof support beam 5 are also pinned to the front diagonal beam 43, but one end may be slidably supported.

対向する２本の屋根支持梁５、５間に複数本の前記の小梁６が架設され、軸方向両端部において両屋根支持梁５、５に支持される。小梁６の軸方向両端部も屋根支持梁５、５にはピン接合等されるが、一方の端部はスライド自在に支持されることもある。 A plurality of small beams 6 are installed between two opposing roof support beams 5, 5 and supported by both roof support beams 5, 5 at both ends in the axial direction. Both ends of the small beam 6 in the axial direction are also pinned to the roof support beams 5, 5, but one end may be slidably supported.

図２は一方向構造体２１の後方側と他方向構造体２２の後方側に、各構造体２１、２２単位で隣接する隅柱３２、３２を互いにつなぐつなぎ梁８を架設すると共に、中柱３３の頂部とつなぎ梁８の軸方向中間部との間に連結材９を架設し、直交梁７が受ける鉛直荷重と水平荷重の一部をつなぎ梁８に流すようにした場合の例を示している。図４、図５は図２に示す屋根架構１と各柱３２、３３の関係の概要を示す。 In FIG. 2, on the rear side of the unidirectional structure 21 and the rear side of the other directional structure 22, a connecting beam 8 is installed to connect the corner posts 32, 32 adjacent to each other in each structure 21, 22 unit. 33 and the axial intermediate portion of the connecting beam 8, and a part of the vertical load and horizontal load received by the orthogonal beam 7 is passed to the connecting beam 8. ing. 4 and 5 show the outline of the relationship between the roof frame 1 shown in FIG. 2 and the columns 32 and 33. FIG.

つなぎ梁８は一方向構造体２１の後方側で隣接する隅柱３２、３２間と、他方向構造体２２の後方側で隣接する隅柱３２、３２間に架設され、つなぎ梁８が受ける荷重を両隅柱３２、３２に伝達する。つなぎ梁８と連結材９にも主にトラス梁が使用されるが、それには限定されない。 The connecting beams 8 are installed between the adjacent corner posts 32, 32 on the rear side of the one-directional structure 21 and between the adjacent corner posts 32, 32 on the rear side of the other-directional structure 22, and the load received by the connecting beams 8 is to both corner posts 32,32. Although truss beams are mainly used for the connecting beams 8 and the connecting members 9, they are not limited to this.

図３は図２中のつなぎ梁８と連結材９を不在にした場合の、図２に示す屋根架構１の例の変形例を示す。つなぎ梁８と連結材９がないこと以外の屋根架構１と各柱３２、３３の構成は図２に示す例と同じである。図３では小梁６を省略している。 FIG. 3 shows a modification of the example of the roof frame 1 shown in FIG. 2 when the connecting beams 8 and connecting members 9 in FIG. 2 are absent. The configuration of the roof frame 1 and the pillars 32, 33 is the same as the example shown in FIG. The small beam 6 is omitted in FIG.

１……屋根架構、
２……観客席構造体、２１……一方向構造体、２２……他方向構造体、２３……交差方向構造体、
３１……側柱、３２……隅柱、３３……中柱、
４１……斜め梁、４２……後方側斜め梁、４３……前方側斜め梁、
５……屋根支持梁、
６……小梁、
７……直交梁、
８……つなぎ梁、９……連結材、
１０……屋根材。 1 …… Roof frame,
2... audience seat structure, 21... unidirectional structure, 22... other directional structure, 23... intersecting directional structure,
31...... side pillars, 32... corner pillars, 33... middle pillars,
41 ... oblique beam, 42 ... rear oblique beam, 43 ... front oblique beam,
5 …… Roof support beams,
6 …… small beams,
7 …… Orthogonal beams,
8 ... connecting beams, 9 ... connecting members,
10: Roof material.

Claims

A roof structure that surrounds a field having one direction and another direction that intersects with it, and is erected over a spectator seat structure with spectator seats,
The spectator seat structure is divided into a unidirectional structure in which at least the spectator seats are arranged in the one direction of the field and a other directional structure in which the spectator seats are arranged in the other direction,
It is installed on the rear side of each of the adjacent unidirectional structure and the other directional structure, is bridged between the side pillars integrated with the unidirectional structure and the other directional structure, and is supported by the both side pillars. and a diagonal beam
It is installed between the axial intermediate portions of the two oblique beams adjacent in the one direction or the other direction of the field, supported by the axial intermediate portions of both oblique beams, and the other direction of the field, Or with the roof support beams facing in the one direction,
A roof structure characterized by comprising a plurality of small beams constructed between the opposing roof support beams and supported by both of the roof support beams.

A roof structure that surrounds a field having one direction and another direction that intersects with it, and is erected over a spectator seat structure with spectator seats,
The spectator seat structures include a unidirectional structure in which the spectator seats are arranged in the one direction of the field, a other directional structure in which the spectator seats are arranged in the other direction, and the adjacent unidirectional structures and the other directional structures. and a cross-directional structure located between
a rear oblique beam that is installed on both sides in the arrangement direction of the spectator seats on the rear side of the cross-direction structure, spans between corner posts that are integrated with the cross-direction structure, and is supported by both corner posts; ,
orthogonal beams that are bridged between axial intermediate portions of the adjacent rear diagonal beams, are supported by both rear diagonal beams, and are perpendicular to each other on a plane;
a front oblique beam constructed between axial intermediate portions of the adjacent orthogonal beams; a center post that is integrated with the body and supports the front oblique beam;
It is constructed between the axial intermediate portions of the two front diagonal beams adjacent in the one direction or the other direction of the field, and is supported by the axial intermediate portions of both front diagonal beams. a roof support beam facing the other direction or the one direction;
A roof structure characterized by comprising a plurality of small beams constructed between the opposing roof support beams and supported by both of the roof support beams.