JP2022123822A - building roof structure - Google Patents

Abstract

To propose a building roof structure that can maintain high ventilation efficiency between a roofing material and a sheathing roof board based on a simplified structure.SOLUTION: The roofing material is composed of a plate material having a wavy shape in which ridges and troughs are alternately repeated along the eaves of a building, and the ridges and troughs extend continuously from the eaves of the roof toward the ridge, respectively. The ridge is provided with an outside air inlet connected in a straight line with the inner space of the ridge at the underwater end located on the eaves side of the roof for taking in outside air into the inner space of the ridge by natural intake or mechanical forced intake and for natural or forced exhaust from the ridge side of the roof.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 3

Description

The present invention relates to a roof structure suitable for roofs of buildings such as detached houses, collective housing, offices, condominiums, welfare facilities, and resort facilities.

As prior art relating to ventilation structures for building roofs, for example, those disclosed in Patent Documents 1 and 2 are known. There was a disadvantage that it was necessary to use it, and an increase in construction cost was unavoidable.

JP 2013-234533 A JP 2008-121411 A

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to propose a roof structure for a building that can maintain high ventilation efficiency between roofing materials and sheathing boards with a simplified structure.

The present invention provides a roof structure for a building comprising a roofing covering a surface of a sheathing board and a roof material fixed to the sheathing board via the roofing, wherein the roofing material is a A plate material having a wave shape in which peaks and valleys are alternately repeated along the eaves, and the peaks and the valleys respectively extend continuously from the eaves of the roof toward the ridge, and the peaks is connected in a straight line with the inner space of the ridge at the water end located on the eaves side of the roof, and draws outside air into the inner space of the ridge by natural intake or mechanical forced intake to form a ridge of the roof. The roof structure of a building is characterized by having an outside air inlet for natural exhaust or forced exhaust from the side.

In the roof structure for a building having the above configuration, at least the valley portion of the roof material has a water end portion located on the eaves side of the roof, which is located above the water side of the eaves tip portion of the roof. the roofing material is provided with an eaves ditch installed and fixed on the roofing, the eaves ditch is integrally connected to a main body portion positioned above the roofing and the main body portion in a cantilevered state; It consists of a front door covering the tip of the eaves of the roof of the building, and the main body part is provided with a water stop plate that rises in the inner space of the mountain part and prevents rainwater that is blown in through the outside air introduction port from entering. , the water stop plate has a connection piece that joins adjacent water stop plates together at the ends in the width direction and supports the valley portion of the roof material from the lower surface thereof, and the connection piece includes the roof eaves The roofing is a waterproof and moisture-permeable roofing that can release moisture in the attic of the roof into the inner space through the sheathing board. Extending along the eaves of the object and fixed to the sheathing board via a plurality of horizontal beams arranged at intervals from the eaves of the roof toward the ridge, the horizontal beams are the eaves of the roof having at least one drain hole penetrating in the direction of the ridge; furthermore, a plurality of the roofing materials are arranged between the roofing and the sheathing board and in the inner space of the mountain part. It is preferable as a specific means for solving the problem to fix it to the sheathing board through the vertical bars.

According to the present invention, the roofing material has peaks and valleys alternately repeated along the eaves of the building, and the peaks and valleys are continuous from the eaves of the roof to the ridge. The ridges are open at the eaves of the roof in a direction that continues in a straight line with the inner space of the ridges, and the outside air is naturally aspirated into the inner space of the ridges or It is possible to maintain high ventilation efficiency with a simplified structure by providing an outside air inlet that takes in by mechanical forced intake and naturally exhausts or forcedly exhausts from the ridge side of the roof. It is possible to suppress the temperature rise between the lumber and the sheathing board, suppress the moisture, and reduce the moisture of the lumber used for the interior of the shed, the roof truss, and the roof of the building.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is an external perspective view schematically showing a partially extracted embodiment of a roof structure of a building according to the present invention; FIG. 2 is an external perspective view showing a state in which the roof material is separated from the roofing in the roof structure shown in FIG. 1; FIG. 2 is a diagram schematically showing a cross-section in the eaves-ridge direction of the roof structure shown in FIG. 1; It is the figure which showed the front of the roof structure shown in FIG. It is explanatory drawing of the deceleration condition of the rainwater which flows through a valley. FIG. 5 is a diagram schematically showing another embodiment of the roof structure of a building according to the present invention; It is the figure which expanded and showed the principal part of the front of FIG. FIG. 7 is an external perspective view showing an exploded state of the roof structure shown in FIG. 6; FIG. 5 is a diagram schematically showing still another embodiment of the roof structure of a building according to the present invention; It is the figure which expanded and showed the principal part of the front of FIG. FIG. 10 is an external perspective view showing an exploded state of the roof structure shown in FIG. 9; FIG. 10 is a diagram comparing the height of the "karaba" when the roof material is fixed using horizontal bars and when the roof material is fixed using vertical bars. It is the figure (reference photograph) which showed the external appearance of the demonstration experiment building. It is the figure which showed the measurement point of the surface temperature of a roof material, and the temperature of the inner space (ventilation layer) of a mountain part. It is the graph which showed the representative example of the measurement result of the roof board moisture content. It is the graph which showed the representative example of the measurement result of the temperature of the inner space (ventilation layer) of a mountain part.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described more specifically with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is an external perspective view schematically showing a partially extracted roof structure of a building according to the present invention, and FIG. Fig. 2 is an external perspective view showing a state in which the material is pulled away from the roofing; 3 is a diagram schematically showing a cross-section in the eaves-ridge direction of the roof structure shown in FIG. 1, and FIG. 4 is a front view of the roof structure shown in FIG. The front door is not shown).

Reference numeral 1 in FIGS. 1 to 4 denotes a sheathing board that forms the foundation of the roof of a building, and 2 denotes a roofing that covers the surface of the sheathing board 1. FIG. The roofing 2 has a function of preventing rainwater from entering the sheathing board 1 side, and is an asphalt roofing, a modified asphalt roofing, or a waterproof permeability that can release moisture in the attic to the surface side of the sheathing board 1. Wet roofing is applied.

Reference numeral 3 in the figure denotes a roof material fixed to the sheathing board 1 via the roofing 2 . The roofing material 3 has a wavy shape in which ridges 3a and troughs 3b are alternately repeated along the eaves of the building, and the ridges 3a and troughs 3b continuously extend from the eaves of the roof toward the ridge. A plate material is used. In the present invention, "along the edge of the eaves" includes the case where the roof material 3 is arranged parallel to the edge of the eaves as well as the case where it is arranged with some angle.

As the roofing material 3, a vertical roofing type or horizontal roofing type roofing material made of a galvanized steel plate, an aluminum-galvanized steel plate, a stainless steel plate, a copper plate, a coated steel plate, or the like having a plate thickness of about 0.3 to 0.9 mm is used. However, the plate thickness, material, and roofing type are not particularly limited. In addition, in the embodiment of the present invention, steps d extending in the width direction are formed in the peaks 3a and the valleys 3b at regular intervals from the eaves to the ridges. It does not matter even if it is a straight type roof material that does not The pitch of the peaks 3a is set to about 30 to 200 mm, and the height is set to about 10 to 100 mm.

Reference numeral 4 in the figure denotes an outside air introduction port provided at the underwater end portion 3a1 of the mountain portion 3a. The outside air introduction port 4 is open in line with the inner space M of the mountain portion 3a, and the outside air is taken into the inner space M of the mountain portion 3a by natural intake, and the roof is opened according to the arrow in FIG. Natural exhaust is carried out from the ridge side (ventilation ridge) through the valley portion 3b of the roof material 3.

The outdoor air inlet 4 and the underwater end portion 3b1 of the trough portion 3b of the roof material 3 are shown as an example of a case where they are retracted to the water side (eaves side) by a dimension L (at least about 5 mm) from the eaves tip portion of the roof. However, as a result, the speed of rainwater flowing down toward the eaves through the valley portion 3b can be reduced within the range of the dimension L. In order to reduce the speed at which rainwater flows down, at least the bottom end 3b1 of the valley 3b, which is located on the eaves side of the roof, should be positioned higher than the tip of the eaves of the roof. The introduction port 4 may be positioned at the tip of the eaves of the roof.

Further, reference numeral 5 in the figure is an eaves edge drain installed and fixed on the roofing 2 . The eaves drainer 5 is composed of a body portion 5a positioned above the roofing 2 and a side door 5b that is integrally connected to the body portion 5a in a cantilevered state and covers the tip of the eaves of the roof. is provided with a water stop plate 5c which rises with a height of about 5 to 15 mm in the inner space M of the mountain portion 3a and prevents rainwater blown in through the outside air inlet 4 from entering.

Further, reference numeral 6 in the drawing denotes a connecting piece provided at an end portion in the width direction of the water stop plate 5c. The connecting piece 6 connects the adjacent water stop plates 5c to each other and supports the valley portion 3b of the roofing material 3 from the lower surface thereof. Reference numeral 7 denotes a drain hole provided in the connecting piece 6. The drain hole 7 is provided so as to penetrate the connecting piece 6 toward the eaves and ridges of the roof. Rainwater that has entered the inner space M of the mountain portion 3a over the 5c can be discharged.

Reference numeral 8 in the figure denotes a screw that is driven into the sheathing board 1, girder or purlin from the top of the peak 3a of the roofing material 3 to fix the roofing material 3 to the sheathing board 1 via the roofing 2.

In the roof structure of the building according to the present invention, outside air naturally or mechanically forcibly taken in from the outside air introduction port 4 is ventilated through the inner space M of the roof material 3, and the ridge side (ventilation ridge) of the roof is ventilated. For example, it enables natural exhaust or forced exhaust to the outside through the valley 3b, and increases the ventilation efficiency between the roof material 3 and the sheathing board 1 with a simplified structure. can be done.

In the corrugated roofing material 3, since rainwater flows intensively in the troughs 3b, the rainwater flowing down velocity is relatively high, and unless the outlet of the eaves gutter is widened, the rainwater flowing down the troughs 3b will not reach the eaves gutter. Although there is concern that rainwater cannot be received by the eaves gutter t because it jumps over the eaves gutter t, in the present invention, as shown in FIG. It is possible to decelerate by once flowing within the range, there is no need to use a wide eaves gutter t, and there is an advantage that the eaves gutter t can be selected with a high degree of freedom.

FIG. 6 is a diagram schematically showing another embodiment of the roof structure of a building according to the present invention, and FIG. Drainage is not shown). 8 is an external perspective view showing an exploded state of the roof structure shown in FIG.

Reference numeral 9 in FIGS. 6 to 8 denotes horizontal beams extending along the eaves of the building and arranged at intervals from the eaves of the roof toward the ridge, and 10 denotes drain holes provided in the horizontal beams 9. is. The drain hole 10 is formed so as to pass through the horizontal beam 9 in the eaves-ridge direction of the roof. The roof material 3 is fixed to the sheathing board 1 via the horizontal beams 9. - 特許庁

When the roofing material 3 is fixed directly to the sheathing board 1 or the girder, purlin or the like using screws 8, a plurality of holes are formed in the sheathing board 1 by the screws 8, and rainwater enters the attic through the holes. However, by fixing the roof material 3 to the sheathing board 1 via the horizontal beams 9, the number of holes formed in the sheathing board 1 can be reduced, and the water stoppage can be improved. .

FIG. 9 is a diagram schematically showing still another embodiment of the roof structure of a building according to the present invention, and FIG. 11 is an external perspective view showing an exploded state of the roof structure shown in FIG.

Reference numeral 11 in FIGS. 9 to 11 denotes a vertical beam arranged between the roofing 2 and the sheathing board 1 and within the inner space M of the mountain portion 3a. The roof material 3 can also be fixed to the sheathing board 1 using vertical beams 11 . In this case, by using a waterproof and moisture-permeable roofing as the roofing 2 and arranging it so as to cover the vertical beams 11, it is possible to further improve the water stoppage and also discharge moisture from the vertical beams 11. - 特許庁In addition, the length of the screw 8 can be shortened compared to the case of fixing using the crosspiece 9, and there is the advantage that the installation level of the roofing material 3 with respect to the sheathing board 1 can be lowered.

FIG. 12 is a diagram comparing the roof verge height when the roof material 3 is fixed using the horizontal beams 9 and when the roof material 3 is fixed using the vertical beams 11 . In particular, when the roof material is fixed using the vertical beams 11, the "verge" height H1 is changed to the "verge" height H2 when the roof material 3 is fixed using the horizontal beams 9. In comparison, it is possible to lower the height by 10 mm or more, giving a sharp impression to the roof ridges and contributing to the improvement of aesthetic appearance.

For the roof structure of the building according to the present invention, a demonstration test building as shown in FIG. A gable type) was produced, and using this demonstration experiment building, we investigated the fluctuations in the moisture content of the sheathing board and the temperature of the inner space (ventilation layer) M of the mountain part 3a, which is considered to be affected by ventilation. rice field.

In the above demonstration experiment building, plywood with a thickness of 12 mm is used as the sheathing board, and an air conditioner and a humidifier with a humidity control function are installed in the room of the demonstration experiment building to control the temperature and humidity of the indoor space. was kept constant for 24 hours (temperature 25°C, humidity 50%). In addition, the initial moisture content of the sheathing boards is set at a high level of about 60% or more, assuming that the sheathing boards will get wet at the site or the inside of the attic will be in a humid state. , The measurement was performed at four points on the roof surface (above the water on the north side, below the water on the north side, above the water on the south side, and below the south side). FIG. 14 shows the measurement points of the surface temperature of the roof material and the temperature of the inner space M of the crest 3a.

FIG. 15 is a graph showing a representative example of the measurement result of the roofing board moisture content, and FIG. 16 is a graph showing a representative example of the measurement result of the temperature of the inner space M of the mountain portion 3a.

In the roof structure without the inner space M of the ridge 3a, it is not expected that moisture will be released to the outside by ventilation from the sheathing board 1, so a decrease in the moisture content of the sheathing board cannot be expected much, resulting in dew condensation, water leakage, etc. However, in the roof structure according to the present invention, as shown in FIG. If the moisture content of the sheathing board is 20% or less, it is said that strength reduction due to decay is unlikely to occur). It was confirmed that the sheathing board 1 could be dried in a short period of time by the release of .

As for the temperature of the inner space M of the mountain portion 3a, as shown in FIG. It was confirmed that there is a temperature reduction effect of about 18°C at maximum.

As described above, according to the roof structure according to the present invention, it is clear that the temperature of the indoor space of the building can be reduced by the drying effect of the sheathing board 1 by ventilation and the effect of reducing the temperature of the inner space M of the mountain portion 3a. rice field.

According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a roof structure with high ventilation efficiency while achieving simplification of the structure.

1 Roofing board 2 Roofing 3 Roofing material 3a Mountain portion 3a1 Underwater end portion 3b Valley portion 3b1 Underwater end portion 4 Outside air inlet 5 Eaves edge drain 5a Body portion 5b Side door 5c Water stop plate 6 Connecting piece 7 Drain hole 8 Screw 9 Horizontal beam 10 Drain hole 11 Vertical beam d Level difference M Inner space L Dimension t Eaves gutter H1 "Keraba" height H2 "Keraba" height

Claims (8)

A roof structure for a building comprising a roofing covering the surface of a sheathing board and a roof material fixed to the sheathing board through the roofing,
The roof material has a wavy shape in which crests and valleys are alternately repeated along the eaves of the building, and the crests and valleys extend continuously from the eaves of the roof toward the ridge. Consists of eggplant plate material,
The ridges are connected in a straight line with the inner space of the ridges at the underwater end portion located on the eaves side of the roof, and external air is taken into the inner space of the ridges by natural intake or mechanical forced intake. A roof structure of a building, characterized by having an outside air inlet for natural or forced exhaust from the ridge side of the roof. 2. The building according to claim 1, wherein at least the trough portion of the roofing material has an underwater terminal portion located on the eaves side of the roof, which is located above the water side of the eaves tip portion of the roof. roof structure. The roofing material is provided with an eaves ditch installed and fixed on the roofing, and the eaves ditch is integrally connected to a main body portion positioned on the roofing in a cantilevered state to the main body portion. The main body part is provided with a water stop plate that rises in the inner space of the mountain part and prevents rainwater that is blown in through the outside air inlet from entering. The roof structure of the building according to claim 1 or 2. The water stop plate has a connecting piece that joins adjacent water stop plates together at the ends in the width direction and supports the valley portion of the roof material from the lower surface thereof. 4. The roof structure of a building according to claim 3, characterized in that a water drain hole penetrating toward is provided. The roof of the building according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the roofing is a waterproof and moisture-permeable roofing that can release moisture in the attic of the roof into the inner space through the sheathing board. Structure. The roofing material extends along the eaves of the building and is fixed to the sheathing board via a plurality of horizontal beams arranged at intervals from the eaves of the roof toward the ridge. A roof structure for a building according to any one of claims 1 to 5. 7. The roof structure of a building according to claim 6, wherein said cross beam has at least one drain hole penetrating in the eaves-ridge direction of the roof. The roofing material is fixed to the sheathing board via a plurality of vertical bars arranged between the roofing and the sheathing board and in the inner space of the mountain part. A roof structure of a building according to any one of items 1 to 5.

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