JP2022109494A - Outside air treatment device - Google Patents

Abstract

To solve problems that in the case of use in a cold place in winter season, since outside air temperature taken into an outside air treatment device is low, insufficient heating capacity causes supply of low-temperature air to an indoor side, leading to uncomfortable feeling, and due to defrosting caused by frequent frost formation on a heat exchanger, low-temperature air is supplied to an indoor side, leading to uncomfortable feeling and, that in summer season (intermediate season), when outside air is cooled and then reheated, insufficient reheating capacity causes failure to satisfy required temperature and humidity.SOLUTION: An outside air treatment device supplies to an indoor side outside air whose temperature and humidity are controlled. In the outside air treatment device, a heat pump unit for energy saving and a boiler unit circulating heating medium water having a predetermined temperature are integrally packaged, and output of the heat pump unit and output of the boiler unit are simultaneously controlled.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an outside air processor for ventilating a room used together with an air conditioner.

Conventionally, in air conditioning to maintain the quality of products for the production process of large facilities such as hospitals, welfare facilities for the elderly, large buildings, and factories, the amount of air exhausted from the room for ventilation is less than the amount of air discharged from the outside. If it is larger than the air supply amount, the indoor air pressure becomes negative, and dirty air enters through the gap, which may deteriorate the indoor air environment. For this reason, in large facilities that require a large amount of ventilation and exhaust, the amount of air supplied to the room and the amount of exhaust from the room are adjusted to maintain positive or negative pressure in the room according to the purpose of the facility. In addition to the air conditioner that adjusts the temperature and humidity, an outside air processor that processes fresh outside air and supplies it to the room is also used.

For example, the outside air processor supplies air with a temperature lower than the outside air into the room in summer, and supplies air with a temperature higher than the outside air into the room in winter, thereby adjusting the indoor temperature It has the role of eliminating the difference between the air supply and preventing discomfort around the air supply port in the room, and has a function that does not place an extra burden on the air conditioner. Also, in recent years, for energy saving, there has been provided an outside air processor that employs a heat pump technology that can obtain heat energy greater than that of electrical energy.

Such an outside air processing machine (outside air processing air conditioner) includes, in the same casing, an outside air intake, an exhaust intake for taking in exhaust from the room, an evaporator for exchanging heat with the outside, and an exhaust heat recovery unit. a condenser, a compressor, a supply air blower that blows outside air indoors through the evaporator, an exhaust blower that blows exhaust outside through the condenser, and outside air that adjusts the amount of outside air from outdoors to the evaporator. An air-cooling heat pump type outside air processing air conditioner is disclosed that includes a damper, an exhaust damper that adjusts the amount of exhaust air from indoors to the condenser, and an outside air introduction damper that assists the amount of air blown to the condenser (for example, See Patent Document 1.).

Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2002-228187

However, when the outside air treatment machine of Patent Document 1 is used in cold regions in winter, the outside air taken into the outside air treatment machine is low temperature (below 0°C), so the heating capacity is insufficient and low temperature air is supplied indoors. It is cold near the air supply port. In addition, the humidification capacity is insufficient and the humidity does not rise. Heat pumps used in cold climates require special heat pumps designed for cold climates, and are expensive. In addition, when the outside air is cold, the heat exchanger is frequently frosted and must be defrosted. There were various problems such as these, and it was not possible to demonstrate sufficient ability especially in cold regions in winter. In the summer (intermediate season), if the outside air is cooled and then reheated with the refrigerant hot gas, the reheating capability may be insufficient, and the target temperature and humidity may not be achieved.

In order to solve the above problems, it is conceivable to place an electric heater unit or heating coil unit in front or behind the outside air processing machine to preheat the outside air taken into the outside air processing machine, but this requires large-scale facility construction. In addition, it may not be possible to construct the optimum control including the added equipment.

The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and not only heat pump technology but also a boiler unit that circulates hot water at a predetermined temperature, antifreeze liquid, etc. (hereinafter referred to as heat transfer water) is integrated into the outside air processing machine. The purpose is to provide an outdoor air processor that can be used in cold regions in winter by optimally controlling them at the same time. In addition, even if it is not a cold region, it is an outdoor air processing unit that is ideal for facilities that require high temperature and high humidity air supply to maintain the quality of products for production processes such as hospitals, welfare facilities for the elderly, and factories in winter. is intended to provide

The present invention is an outside air processing machine that supplies temperature and humidity-controlled outside air to a room, wherein a heat pump unit for saving energy and a boiler unit for circulating heat transfer water at a predetermined temperature are packaged together. It was made into the characteristic outside air processing machine.

Further, defrost of the heat exchanger is suppressed by simultaneously controlling the output of the heat pump unit and the output of the boiler unit.

The outside air processor of the present invention is an integral package of a heat pump unit for saving energy and a boiler unit for circulating heat transfer water at a predetermined temperature. As a result, even if the temperature of the outside air taken into the outside air processing unit is low in cold regions in winter, the boiler unit preheats the temperature of the outside air to be supplied to the room, making it possible to supply outside air with a stable temperature and humidity to the room. can.

Also, by simultaneously controlling the output of the heat pump unit and the output of the boiler unit, it is possible to suppress the defrost of the heat exchanger of the outside air processing machine. That is, by integrally configuring the heat pump unit and the boiler unit and performing optimal control in conjunction with each other, it is possible to control the formation of frost on the evaporator in the outside air processing machine. It is possible to eliminate the discomfort such as the deterioration of performance due to the cold air and the feeling of cold air in the room.

It is a figure which shows the structure of the external air processing machine of one Embodiment of this invention. FIG. 4 is a psychrometric diagram illustrating temperature changes of outside air in the outside air processing machine in winter according to one embodiment of the present invention. 4 is a flowchart illustrating an overview of defrost suppression control in the outside air processing machine in winter according to one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 4 is a psychrometric diagram illustrating temperature changes of outside air in the outside air processing machine in summer (intermediate season) according to one embodiment of the present invention.

The present invention is a processing machine that supplies temperature-and-humidity-regulated outside air to a room, and is characterized by integrally packaging a heat pump unit for energy saving and a boiler unit that circulates heat transfer water at a predetermined temperature. It relates to an outside air processing machine.

Hereinafter, an outside air processor according to an embodiment of the present invention will be specifically described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the configuration of an outside air processor according to one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a psychrometric diagram illustrating the temperature change of outside air in the outside air processing machine in winter according to one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a flow chart illustrating an outline of defrost suppression control in the outside air processor in winter according to one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 4 is a psychrometric diagram for explaining the temperature change of outside air in the outside air processing machine in the summer (intermediate season) according to one embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 1, the outside air processing unit 1 of the present embodiment includes various devices in upper, middle, and lower box-shaped casings KH, middle casings KM, and lower casings KL made of metal (for example, iron or aluminum). configured as a unit. The upper casing KH at the uppermost stage is configured to have left and right openings, and by operating an exhaust fan 30 provided at the top, the outside air OA is sucked through the left and right openings and discharged to the top. Condensers 20 are installed near the left and right openings of the upper casing KH. The condenser 20 is a heat exchanger for cooling the internal high-pressure, high-temperature refrigerant gas with the outside air OA to condense and liquefy it during operation in summer. The refrigerant gas condensed and liquefied here is circulated to the evaporator 21 and the reheater 22 described later via the refrigerant pipe 25 .

Like the upper casing KH, the middle casing KM has left and right openings. The right opening of the middle casing KM is an inlet for outside air OA, and the temperature and humidity of the outside air OA that is taken in is adjusted and supplied as supply air SA from the left opening of the middle casing KM into the room. Heat transfer water coils 13 are installed near the left and right openings of the intermediate casing KM. The heat transfer water coil 13 is composed of a plurality of heat transfer water circulation pipes for internally circulating the heat transfer water circulating in the heat transfer water pipes 12. The temperature of the outside air OA taken in from the right opening of the intermediate casing KM Make adjustments (preheat in winter).

An evaporator 21 is arranged on the left side of the heat transfer water coil 13 near the right opening of the intermediate casing KM. The evaporator 21 is a heat exchanger that utilizes the latent heat of vaporization of the condensed and liquefied refrigerant circulating inside to exchange heat with the outside air OA flowing from the right to the left of the middle casing KM outside the container. Therefore, it is configured to be connected to the condenser 20 by the refrigerant pipe 25 so that the condensed and liquefied refrigerant is supplied from the condenser 20 .

A reheater 22 is arranged on the left side of the evaporator 21 . The reheater 22 warms the outside air OA that has passed through the evaporator 21 and the temperature of which has decreased. In other words, by functioning as a heat exchanger, it is called a "reheater" because it reheats the cooled air. This reheater 22 is also connected to the condenser 20 by a refrigerant pipe 25 , and the condensed and liquefied refrigerant is supplied from the condenser 20 . As a heat source for the reheater 22, the condensed and liquefied refrigerant hot gas supplied from the condenser 20 is used.

That is, the condenser 20 installed near the left and right openings of the upper casing KH, the evaporator 21 and the reheater 22 installed in the middle casing KM, and the refrigerant pipes 25 connecting them make up the heat pump in this embodiment. unit is configured. Note that the condenser 20 and the evaporator 21 that constitute the heat pump unit operate by reversing their functions between heating operation in winter and cooling operation in summer. That is, the condenser 20 functions as the evaporator 20 during the winter heating operation, and the evaporator 21 functions as the condenser 21 during the winter heating operation. Therefore, in the following description, they may be referred to as condenser 20 and evaporator 20 or evaporator 21 and condenser 21 with the same reference numerals.

A humidifier 23 is arranged on the left side of the reheater 22 . The humidifier 23 imparts a predetermined humidity to the outside air OA flowing through the upper casing KH from left to right. A heat transfer water coil 14 is arranged on the left side of the humidifier 23 and near the left opening of the intermediate casing KM. The heat transfer water coil 14 internally circulates the heat transfer water circulating in the heat transfer water pipe 12, thereby performing final temperature adjustment of the outside air OA taken in from the right opening of the middle casing KM. Air of a predetermined temperature is supplied to the room as supply air SA from the left opening of .

Unlike the upper casing KH and the middle casing KM, the lower casing KL is configured by installing various devices inside. A hot water storage tank 10 and a boiler 11 are installed on the right side of the lower casing KL, and heat transfer water at a constant temperature is always stored in the hot water storage tank 10 . The heat transfer water stored in the hot water storage tank 10 is pumped by a pump (P in the figure) installed in the heat transfer water pipe 12 to the hot water storage tank 10 and the heat transfer water coils 13 and 14 connected by the heat transfer water pipe 12. will circulate between

That is, the heat transfer water coils 13 and 14 installed near the left and right openings of the middle casing KM, respectively, the hot water storage tank 10 and the boiler 11 installed in the lower casing KL, and the heat transfer water pipe 12 connecting them, make this A boiler unit in an embodiment is constructed.

According to the outside air processor 1 configured as described above, in summer, the high temperature outside air OA is cooled by the evaporator 21 of the heat pump unit, and is reheated by the reheater 22 when reheating is required. When the amount of reheat is insufficient, the heat transfer water in the hot water storage tank of the boiler unit is supplied to the heat transfer water coil 14 to compensate for the reheat, thereby providing the room with the supply air SA at an appropriate temperature and humidity. . In winter, the temperature of the low-temperature outside air OA is heated by the condenser 21 of the heat pump unit, and when humidification is required, the humidifier 23 humidifies the air. When the temperature evaporatively cooled by the humidifier is low, the heat transfer water in the hot water storage tank of the boiler unit is supplied to the heat transfer water coil 14 to heat it, thereby providing the indoor supply air SA with appropriate temperature and humidity. can be done.

An example of the temperature change of the outside air OA inside the outside air processing machine 1 in winter will be described below with reference to FIG. 2 . The example shown in FIG. 2 shows the temperature change of the outside air OA inside the outside air processor 1 installed in a cold region in winter.

As shown in FIG. 2, the temperature of the outside air OA taken in from the right opening of the middle casing KM is −15° C. (1 in the figure). The temperature of the outside air OA flowing from the right opening of the middle casing KM to the left opening is preheated by the heat transfer water coil 13 constituting the boiler unit near the right opening of the middle casing KM and rises to 35° C. (Fig. Medium 0 2). The temperature of the outside air OA rises to 45° C. at the condenser 20 of the heat pump unit installed to the left of the heat transfer water coil 13 of the intermediate casing KM (3 in the figure).

The temperature of the outside air OA whose humidity has been adjusted by the humidifier 23 is evaporatively cooled to 30.7° C. due to the evaporation of moisture due to the humidification (4 in the figure). Finally, the temperature of the outside air OA flowing from the right opening of the middle casing KM to the left opening is heated by the heat transfer water coil 14 constituting the boiler unit near the left opening of the middle casing KM to 40°C. It rises (5 of ○ in the figure). Then, the outside air OA heated by the heat transfer water coil 14 is supplied into the room from the left opening of the intermediate casing KM as supply air SA.

As described above, the outside air processing machine 1 in this embodiment includes not only a heat pump unit but also a boiler unit that circulates heat transfer water at a predetermined temperature. A processor 1 can be provided.

Here, the external air processing machine 1 in the present embodiment is configured such that the integrally configured heat pump unit and boiler unit are interlocked and controlled by a control unit (not shown). That is, the control of the condenser 20, the evaporator 21, and the reheater 22, which constitute the heat pump unit, and the temperature control by the hot water storage tank 10, the circulation pump P, and the boiler 11, which constitute the boiler unit, are simultaneously performed, thereby improving the operating efficiency. By preferentially operating the heat pump unit with the best performance and operating the boiler unit to the minimum required operation, it is possible to perform optimum control without waste and to save energy.

Further, in a cold region in winter, the outside air OA taken in by the outside air processing unit 1 is preheated by the heat transfer water coil 13 forming the boiler unit, and then is condensed into a heat pump unit forming a heat exchanger. It flows through the container 21 . As a result, the low-temperature (for example, −15° C.) outside air OA taken in by the outside air processor 1 is prevented from flowing through the condenser 21 constituting the heat pump unit, which is a heat exchanger, at a low temperature, thereby preventing insufficient heating capacity. compensate. When the evaporation temperature of the evaporator 20 of the heat pump unit drops and reaches the defrost detection temperature, the output of the heat pump unit is lowered to raise the evaporation temperature, and then the output of the boiler unit is increased to compensate for the lack of heating capacity. As a result, the evaporator 20 is in a state where it is difficult for frost to form, so that defrosting is suppressed, and sufficient performance can be exhibited even in cold regions in winter.

An example of the defrost suppression control method controlled by the outside air processing machine 1 of the present embodiment will be described below with reference to FIG. 3 . The following control process will be described as an example during a heating operation in winter, which is executed by a control program stored in a control unit (not shown) attached to the outside air processor 1 .

In the heating operation process shown in FIG. 3, while monitoring the defrost setting conditions of the outside air temperature and the evaporation temperature of the evaporator 20, when the conditions are not met, the output of the heat pump unit is increased or decreased to control the supply air toward the set temperature. When the conditions are met, the output of the heat pump unit is lowered to raise the evaporation temperature, thereby suppressing frost formation on the evaporator 20. - 特許庁At that time, the output of the heat transfer water coil of the heat pump unit is increased or decreased to control the supply air toward the set temperature, thereby suppressing the defrost of the heat pump unit.

As shown in FIG. 3, the control unit determines whether or not the temperature of the outside air OA is equal to or lower than the set supply air temperature (step S1). When the control unit determines that the temperature of the outside air OA is not equal to or lower than the set supply air temperature (step S1: No), the control unit reduces the output of the heat pump unit (step S2) and shifts the process to step S1. On the other hand, when it is determined that the temperature of the outside air OA is equal to or lower than the set supply air temperature (step S1: Yes), the process proceeds to step S3.

The control unit determines whether or not the temperature of the outside air OA is A (set value)° C. and the evaporation temperature X (set value)° C. or less (step S3). When the control unit determines that the temperature of the outside air OA is not below A (set value) ° C. and the evaporation temperature X (set value) ° C. (step S3: No), it increases the output of the heat pump unit (step S4). Then, the process moves to step S1. On the other hand, when it is determined that the temperature of the outside air OA is A (set value) ° C. and the evaporation temperature X (set value) ° C. or less (step S3: Yes), the output of the heat pump unit is decreased (step S5), The process moves to step S6.

The control unit determines whether or not the temperature of the outside air OA is equal to or lower than the set supply air temperature (step S6). When the controller determines that the temperature of the outside air OA is not equal to or lower than the set supply air temperature (step S6: No), the process proceeds to step S1. On the other hand, if it is determined that the temperature of the outside air OA is equal to or lower than the set supply air temperature (step S6: Yes), the outputs of the heat transfer water coils 13 and 14 are increased (step S7), and the process proceeds to step S8. .

The control unit determines whether or not the temperature of the outside air OA is equal to or lower than the set supply air temperature (step S8). When the control unit determines that the temperature of the outside air OA is not equal to or lower than the set supply air temperature (step S8: No), it reduces the outputs of the heat transfer water coils 13 and 14 (step S9), and proceeds to step S8. to move. On the other hand, when it is determined that the temperature of the outside air OA is equal to or lower than the set supply air temperature (step S8: Yes), the process proceeds to step S10.

The control unit determines whether or not the temperature of the outside air OA is A (set value)° C. and the evaporation temperature X (set value)° C. or less (step S10). When the control unit determines that the temperature of the outside air OA is A (set value) ° C. and the evaporation temperature X (set value) ° C. or lower (step S10: Yes), it reduces the output of the heat pump unit (step S11). Then, the process moves to step S10. On the other hand, when it is determined that the temperature of the outside air OA is not below A (set value) ° C. and the evaporation temperature X (set value) ° C. (step S10: No), the outputs of the heat transfer water coils 13 and 14 are increased (step S12), and the process proceeds to step S13.

The control unit determines whether or not to continue the heating operation (step S13). When the controller determines to continue the heating operation (step S13: Yes), the process proceeds to step S1. On the other hand, if it is determined not to continue the heating operation (step S13: No), this process is terminated.

Hereinafter, an example of the temperature change of the outside air OA inside the outside air processing machine 1 in summer (intermediate season) will be described with reference to FIG. 4 .

As shown in FIG. 4, the temperature of the outside air OA taken in from the right opening of the middle casing KM is 23° C. (circle 1 in the figure). The temperature of the outside air OA flowing from the right opening to the left opening of the middle casing KM is cooled to 11.3°C by the evaporator 21 of the heat pump unit (2 in the figure), and is 22°C by the reheater 22. It is heated up to (○ 3 in the figure). When the supply air set temperature is 25°C, the reheating capacity is insufficient only with the refrigerant hot gas, so the heat transfer water coil 14 that constitutes the boiler unit heats up to 25°C (4 in the figure) ). Then, the outside air OA heated by the heat transfer water coil 14 is supplied into the room from the left opening of the intermediate casing KM as supply air SA.

An example of the embodiment of the present invention has been described above, but the specific configuration of the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and the present invention may be modified without departing from the spirit of the invention. Included in the invention.

1 outside air processor 10 hot water storage tank 11 boiler 12 heat transfer water pipe 13 heat transfer water coil 14 heat transfer water coil 20 condenser (evaporator in winter)
21 evaporator (condenser in winter)
22 Reheater 23 Humidifier 25 Refrigerant pipe 30 Exhaust fan KH Upper casing KM Middle casing KL Lower casing OA Outside air SA Supply air

Claims (2)

An outside air processor for supplying outside air with adjusted temperature and humidity indoors,
heat pump unit for energy saving,
a boiler unit for circulating heat transfer water at a predetermined temperature;
An outside air processing machine characterized by integrally packaging 2. The outside air processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the defrost of the heat exchanger is suppressed by simultaneously controlling the output of the heat pump unit and the output of the boiler unit.

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